Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
  • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
  • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
  • C04B7/47—Cooling ; Waste heat management
  • C04B7/475—Cooling ; Waste heat management using the waste heat, e.g. of the cooled clinker, in an other way than by simple heat exchange in the cement production line, e.g. for generating steam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
  • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
  • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
  • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
  • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
  • C04B7/434—Preheating with addition of fuel, e.g. calcining
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
  • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
  • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
  • F27B7/2041—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of at least two strings of cyclones with two different admissions of raw material
  • F27B7/2058—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of at least two strings of cyclones with two different admissions of raw material with precalcining means on each string
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
  • F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
  • F27D17/15—Arrangements for using waste heat using boilers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2290/00—Organisational aspects of production methods, equipment or plants
  • C04B2290/20—Integrated combined plants or devices, e.g. combined foundry and concrete plant
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
  • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
  • Y02P40/121—Energy efficiency measures, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods

Definitions

• a production installation of clinker first of all comprises a pre-heater, in which the raw meal is pre-heated. This pre-heated raw meal is then precalcined in a precalciner, in order to transform the CaC0 3 into CaO and into C0 2 . This transformation is generally not complete, since typically only approximately 90% is transformed
• the raw meal is typically precalcined at a temperature of 750 to 950°C. Lower temperatures are not suitable, because they do not provide sufficient reaction kinetics. Moreover, higher temperatures are not suitable either, because they provoke early and untimely clinkering of the raw meal.
• the electrical kWh are the kwh available in the form of electricity produced from thermal kWh, i.e. depending on the yield of the conversion, an electricity generator can produce y electrical kWh starting from x thermal kWh provided by hot gases, y being less than x, and the y/x ratio being called "the efficiency conversion factor" of the power generator.
• Heat is also known to be recovered from some of the process's flue gases.
• the hot gases leaving the pre-heater and/or the excess air coming from the cooler are directed towards recovery installations of lost heat.
• These effluents transmit their heat to produce steam, which makes it possible to generate electricity using a steam turbine.
• the quantity of electricity produced depends, among other, on the gas parameters, which transmit all or part of their heat. These parameters are, in particular, the temperature, the pressure and the flow rate. It is possible to vary these parameters by modifying the feed rates of raw meal and/or flow rates of combustion agent and/or of fuel, for each precalciner from which the flue gases transmit their heat. For a given quantity of processed raw meal, the higher the flow rates of combustion agent and fuel, the greater the quantity of electricity produced. This result can also be reached by reducing the feed rate of raw meal, for given flow rates of combustion agent and of fuel.
• the quantity of electricity produced may be modified by varying other parameters, for example:
• the dilution flue gas allows controlling the rate of decarbonation of the raw meal and the decarbonation temperature while preserving the heat to be used for the production of electricity. Indeed, thanks to the use of a dilution flue gas, the temperature decreases while the volume increases, and so the heat is kept.
• the exhaust of gas corresponds to the gas introduced into the cooler minus the cooler's effluent gases directed towards each precalciner and the kiln, as combustion agents.
• Figure 2 represents, in the form of a block diagram, the installation of Figure 1 in a configuration where it produces electricity;
• a generator of electric power 6 also of typical structure. It comprises in particular a steam turbine, an alternator and a steam generator 7, the steam generator feeding this turbine.
• This generator of steam comprises in particular a heat exchanger through which a water-pipe line passes;
• the clinker is evacuated via flow 106, in the direction of non-represented additional equipment in view of its being transformed into cement.
• ambient air is introduced into the cooler 9, via flow 1 1 1.
• a first fraction of this pre-heated air is evacuated, via flow 1 12.
• This flow 1 12 constitutes a purge, the flow rate of which may be varied according to the different configurations of the installation, in particular, in order to compensate the variations of the flow rate of air sent to the precalciners.
• Flow 1 13 is used as a combustion agent, associated to fuel introduced via flow 121 , in view of the precalcination step.
• flow 1 14 is used as a combustion agent, associated to the fuel introduced via flow 122, in view of the clinkering step.
• a dust-laden gas is extracted from the kiln 8 in direction of the main precalciner 3, via flow 131. This gas is then directed towards the mixing box and the cyclone 4, via flow 132, then towards the pre-heater 2 via flow 133, and finally towards the feeding means 1 via flow 134.
• combustion agent 1 13 for the main precalciner from 850 to 1000°C,
• the installation of the invention produces electricity. This situation occurs in particular, when the local supply network is completely out of service, momentarily or for a prolonged period of time.
• the quantity produced thus corresponds to the quantity required to operate the entire production process of cement, which is typically 150 electrical KWh per ton of clinker.
• precalcined raw meal is directed towards the mixing box and the cyclone 4', from the secondary precalciner 3'.
• This cyclone 4' directs, on the one hand, a flow of precalcined raw meal towards the kiln 8 and, on the other hand, a flow 135 of dust-laden gas towards the additional cyclone 5.
• this final cyclone directs, on the one hand a flow of precalcined raw meal towards the kiln and, on the other hand a flow 136 of not very dust-laden gas towards the steam generator 7.
• the flow 136 and water circulate in a known manner in an exchanger.
• the flow 136 transmits all or part of its heat to the water, in order to produce superheated steam.
• the latter makes it then possible, in a known manner, to produce electricity in the generator 6, which is materialised by flow 150.
• the low dust-laden gas, having transmitted its heat, is directed back towards the installation via four flows:
• the installation of the invention can also produce a greater quantity of electricity, even much greater than that of the configuration in Figure 2.
• the surplus of generated electricity then makes it possible to supply the entire industrial site, even residential areas located near the installation. This surplus can also be used otherwise, or it may be sold.
• the person skilled in the art can vary the appropriate parameters.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Furnace Details (AREA)
• Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
• Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

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Citations (4)

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• 2012
  • 2012-07-31 FR FR1257453A patent/FR2994176B1/fr active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-07-17 EP EP13740236.8A patent/EP2880001A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-07-17 WO PCT/EP2013/065056 patent/WO2014019849A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2013-07-17 US US14/418,662 patent/US9187369B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-07-17 IN IN755DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN00755A/en unknown
  • 2013-07-17 CN CN201380036084.8A patent/CN104411653B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (4)

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