WO2014019416A1 - 架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置 - Google Patents

架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014019416A1
WO2014019416A1 PCT/CN2013/076965 CN2013076965W WO2014019416A1 WO 2014019416 A1 WO2014019416 A1 WO 2014019416A1 CN 2013076965 W CN2013076965 W CN 2013076965W WO 2014019416 A1 WO2014019416 A1 WO 2014019416A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hammer
drum
rotating shaft
hinged
rod
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PCT/CN2013/076965
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
章祝夫
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Zhang Zhufu
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Publication of WO2014019416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014019416A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10DSTRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/10Details of, or accessories for, percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/11Pedals; Pedal mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drum for musical instrument configuration, and more particularly to a hammering device for a drum bottom drum. Background technique
  • Drums are a common instrument, and drums are often essential regardless of how other instruments are configured.
  • the drum of the drum plays the basic rhythm and accent. It is a drum with a large diameter.
  • the drum surface is placed perpendicular to the bottom and placed horizontally. The player steps on the hammer pedal by stepping on the kick drum and hits the drumhead by the drum hammer.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show a conventional single-step pedaling pedal device 11 located in front of the kick drum 10, including a transmission bracket (not shown), a hammer rod 7', and a hammer disposed at the upper end of the hammer rod 7'.
  • the head 9, the hinge 5' and the pedal 3, one end of the hinge 5' is connected to the lower end of the hammer rod 7' and hinged to the rotating shaft 8', the rotating shaft 8' is mounted on the transmission bracket, and the other end of the hinge 5' is connected to the pedal 3 Hinged.
  • the pedal is pressed with the toe portion L (left foot) and R (right foot)
  • the hammer 7' is pivoted about the rotating shaft 8' under the hinge 5' to swing the hammer 9 from the rest position I to the drumhead 10 'Parallel hit position II, as shown in Figure 13.
  • the conventional double stepped pedal pedal device includes two single stepped pedal pedal devices described above, which are combined in a parallel manner (not shown).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a quadruple hammer device for a drum bottom drum to improve the performance of the player and reduce the fatigue of the player.
  • a four-step hammer device for a drum bottom drum comprising a left foot portion and a right foot portion, comprising: a transmission bracket, left and right pedals, two juxtaposed drum hammers and hinges, each The drum hammer includes a hammer rod and a hammer head disposed on the hammer rod, each hinge is coupled to the hammer rod and hinged to the rotating shaft of the pedal, the rotating shaft is mounted on the bracket; wherein: the rotating shaft comprises An upper rotating shaft and a lower rotating shaft, wherein the hammer head is an upper and lower hammer head disposed at two ends of the hammer rod, an upper end of the hinge is connected to a center of the hammer rod, and is hinged with the upper rotating shaft,
  • the pedal includes a fulcrum portion at a center thereof, a toe portion and a heel portion at both ends of the fulcrum portion, one end of the lower rotating shaft is coupled to the fulcrum portion, and the other end
  • a four-step hammer device for a drum bottom drum comprising a left foot portion and a right foot portion, comprising: a transmission bracket, left and right pedals, juxtaposed drum hammers and hinges, each drum
  • the hammer includes a hammer rod and a hammer head disposed on the hammer rod, each hinge is coupled to the hammer rod and respectively hinged with a rotating shaft of the pedal, the rotating shaft being mounted on the bracket;
  • the rotating shaft includes an upper rotating hammer shaft and a lower rotating shaft
  • the four-step hammering device includes two stepping hammer mechanisms, each of which includes the juxtaposed opposing drum hammers and hinges, and the hammer hammers
  • the opposite end of the one end of the hammer is connected to the upper end of the hinge and hinged to the upper rotating shaft, the pedal including a fulcrum portion at the center thereof, a toe portion and a heel portion at both ends of the fulcrum portion, and the lower
  • the left foot portion and the right foot portion of the quadruple hammer device are arranged in a joint type or in a configuration vertical.
  • the left foot portion and the right foot portion are arranged to be bilaterally symmetrical so that the bottom drum is in a center position.
  • the quadruple hammer device is configured to have an eccentric design with the right foot as the main bracket so that the bottom drum is placed on the right or left foot side.
  • the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:
  • the quadruple hammer device of the present invention can achieve a two-way driving of the toe and the heel of the foot, so that the effective impact point of the drum is changed from two to four, thereby effectively improving the performance of the player. Play the speed, reduce the player's fatigue, and enrich the player's playing style to make the performance more natural.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing a four-step hammering device of a drum bottom drum of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial schematic view of Figure 1, with the pedal and the left-hand portion of the hammer mechanism omitted;
  • Figure 3 is a left-hand view of Figure 2, showing the drum in an untouched rest position when the foot is not stepping on the pedal ;
  • Figures 4 and 5 are schematic views similar to Figure 3, showing the two working states of the toe stepping and the heel pedaling to strike the tympanic drum surface;
  • FIG. 6 to 8 are schematic views of different states in which the return spring is applied to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a front view of the quadruple step hammer device of the drum bottom drum of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention; Schematic diagram showing two juxtaposed hammer mechanisms;
  • FIG. 10 and FIG. 1 1 are schematic left side views of FIG. 9 respectively showing schematic views of the two juxtaposed hanging and anti-hanging drum hammers of the second preferred embodiment in a striking position and a vacant position;
  • Figure 12 is a front elevational view showing a conventional single-step type bottom drum hammering device
  • Figure 13 is a left side view of Figure 12;
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are schematic diagrams showing the principle of application of the recovery spring in the conventional hammering device of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the quadruple hammer device 1a of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is located in front of the bottom drum 10 of the instrument drum, and is used to strike the drumhead 10' of the kick drum, and the quadruple hammer device La includes the symmetrical side-by-side left and right foot portions of the hammer mechanism la', la".
  • the quadruple hammer device La includes the symmetrical side-by-side left and right foot portions of the hammer mechanism la', la".
  • the hammer mechanisms such as the hammer mechanism la" of the right foot portion, is now described in detail, and The reference numerals of the corresponding members of the left hammer mechanism la' in Fig. 1 are not indicated.
  • the "quadruple” means that the two legs can continuously strike the drumhead by two-way linkage through the continuous alternate pedaling of the toe portion and the heel portion, that is, the two hit points of the conventional double pedal are changed to four.
  • the hammer mechanism la" includes: a transmission bracket 2, a pedal 3, a drum hammer 4, a hinge 5, an upper rotating shaft 8 and a lower rotating shaft 8', and a return spring 6.
  • the drum hammer 4 includes a hammer rod 7 and upper and lower hammers 9 , 9 ', the hammer 7 includes an upper end and a lower end and a center, and the upper and lower hammers 9, 9' are respectively disposed on the upper and lower ends of the hammer 7, and the upper end of the hinge 5 is connected to the center of the hammer 7, and
  • the upper rotating shaft 8 is hinged, So that the hinge 5 becomes a two-way hinge.
  • the pedal 3 includes a fulcrum portion (not shown) at its center (foot arch), a toe portion 3' and a heel portion 3" at both ends of the fulcrum portion (as shown in Figs. 4, 5, 10, and 11).
  • One end of the lower rotating shaft 8' is connected to the fulcrum portion of the pedal 3, and the other end thereof is hinged to the lower end of the hinge 5.
  • the upper and lower rotating shafts 8, 8' are respectively mounted on the transmission bracket 2.
  • a recovery spring 6 is included, one end of which is coupled to the transmission bracket 2, and the other end of which is coupled to the upper rotating shaft 8 by a cam 12, as shown in FIGS. 6-8.
  • Figure 3 shows the drum in an unhooked rest position when the foot is not stepping on the pedal.
  • the hammer mechanism la when the pedal 3 is not stepped on the foot, the hammer mechanism la" is in a rest position where the drumhead 10' is not hit, that is, the hinge 5 does not pivotally drive the hammer 7 to swing, so that the hammer is substantially parallel
  • the drumhead is perpendicular to the ground S.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the striking position of the drum 4 when the toe portion 3' is stepped on the pedal.
  • the swing of the pedal 3 around the fulcrum drives the two-way hinge 5 to rotate forward through the rotating shaft 8', and the hammer 7 is wound around the rotating shaft. 8 swings in the direction of the drum head 10', so that the upper hammer 9 swings with the hammer to an angle to hit the drumhead 10', and the lower hammerhead 9' simultaneously swings away from the drumhead 10' at the same angle.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing the striking position of the drum 4 when the heel portion 3" steps on the pedal.
  • the pedal 3 is wound around the fulcrum.
  • the swing is reversed by the rotating shaft 8' to drive the two-way hinge 5, and the hammer 7 is swung around the shaft 8, so that the lower hammer 9' is swung by an angle to hit the drumhead 10', and the upper hammer 9 simultaneously swings the same angle. Leave the drumhead 10".
  • the quadruple hammer device further includes two recovery springs 6, as shown in FIG. One end of each of the return springs is coupled to the bracket 2, and the other end thereof is coupled to the upper rotating shaft 8.
  • the recovery spring is set to return the drum 4 to the initial rest position without pedaling, that is, the drum is perpendicular to the ground.
  • Figs. 6 to 8 shows the drum hammer in an unbounced rest position
  • Figs. 7 and 8 show the positions of the upper and lower hammers 9, 9' against the drumhead in the drum hammer, respectively.
  • the hammer 7 is locked in the vertical state only in the rest position, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the rest position of the hammer is adjustable, so there is no problem.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the overall arrangement of the four-step hammer device;
  • FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are steps on the toe portion and the heel portion, respectively.
  • the quadruple hammer device lb is located in front of the drumhead 10' of the kick drum 10 (as shown in Figs. 10 and 11), and includes a hammer mechanism lb' of the left foot portion juxtaposed to each other and a hammer mechanism lb of the right foot portion. , including the bracket 2 and the left and right pedals 3, four drum hammers in parallel, four hinges, and four rotating shafts.
  • the hammer mechanisms such as the hammer mechanism lb" of the right foot portion, will be described in detail as an example.
  • the hammer mechanism lb" includes: a transmission bracket 2, a pedal 3, upper and lower rotating shafts 8, 8', a juxtaposed left drum hammer 4a, a right drum hammer 4b, a hanging hinge 5a, a hanging hinge 5b, and a recovery The spring 6.
  • the "hanging” and “reversing” means that the hinged lower ends 5a, 5b are hinged to the rotating shaft at opposite sides of the rotating shaft.
  • the pedal 3 includes a central portion thereof.
  • the left drum hammer 4a includes a left hammer rod 7a and a hammer head 9a
  • the right drum hammer 4b includes a right hammer rod 7b and a hammer head 9b
  • the hammer rod 7a, 7b has upper and lower ends, respectively
  • hammers 9a, 9b are respectively located on the upper end
  • upper ends of the front and rear hinges 5a, 5b are respectively connected with the lower ends of the hammers 7a, 7b and hinged with the upper rotating shaft 8
  • the lower ends of the hinges 5a, 5b are hinged on opposite sides of the lower rotating shaft 8', respectively, in a hanging and hanging manner, and the lower rotating shaft 8' is coupled to the fulcrum portion of the pedal.
  • the left and right pedals 3 respectively alternately drive the hanging hinge 5a and the anti-hanging hinge 5b to drive the corresponding hammer heads 9a, 9b to hit the drumhead 10' through the toe portion 3' and the heel portion 3 respectively.
  • the hanging hinge 5a drives a drum hammer 4a to hit the drumhead
  • the reverse hanging hinge 5b drives the other drumstick 4b to hit the drumhead.
  • the function of the four recovery springs is that when the rotating shaft rotates forward, the hanging hinge 5a drives the hanging drum hammer 4a to hit the drumhead, and the return spring 6 of the drumstick 4b is reversed.
  • 13 and Figure 14 show the principle of action of the return spring 6 in the hammering device.
  • the hammer rod 7' is locked on the shaft 8'.
  • the return spring 6 pulls the cam 12 fixedly connected to the shaft 8' to the vertical Straight down position, when the drum is in the vacant position, as shown in Figure 14.
  • the cam 12 of the shaft 8' rotates, the tension spring 6 generates reverse torque, and the drum is at Hit the position, As shown in FIG. 15.
  • the spring recovery reverse torque drum 6 again back to the vacated position of the hammer.
  • alternating continuous striking of the hammer head to the drumhead is achieved by continuously alternately pedaling the pedals with the toes and heels.
  • R indicates the toe (foot) of the left and right feet
  • the left and right heel parts are conveniently represented by 2 and Y.
  • L, R, Z, Y correspond to the effective hitting point of the drumhead: L represents the hammering mechanism hitting the drumhead with the left foot toe stepping on, and R represents the hammering mechanism hitting the drumhead with the right foot toe when stepping on the drumhead.
  • L represents the hammering mechanism hitting the drumhead with the left foot toe stepping on
  • R represents the hammering mechanism hitting the drumhead with the right foot toe when stepping on the drumhead.
  • the performance sequence of the four bars can be R—L—R—L...; using the quadruple hammer of the present invention, at the same frequency, the ZY is effectively increased.
  • the traditional double-step playing method can be LRL RLR LRL RLR, so that the starting position of each measure, that is, the center of gravity, is alternated between the left and right feet. Then the drummer needs to pay attention to the footsteps from time to time, which will distract the attention of the hand movements. If the quadruple step hammer of the present invention is employed, the playing method is very simple. It can be YLR YLR YLR YLR, which is completely repetitive, so that the brain can almost ignore the control of the foot and focus on the movement of the hand.
  • the playing style changes more, and it can also be ZRL ZRL ZRL ZRL.
  • Drummers are often the most tiring members of the band, because drum playing is a must, unlike guitars, keyboards, etc., each has a division of labor, and there is no need to play from start to finish.
  • the drum basically has to be played from beginning to end, so the same kind of performance requires different muscles to achieve the resting part of the drummer. Not only that, but different drummers have their own habits. If the method is single, then the drummer needs to practice harder on the playing methods that he is not used to. If the quadruple hammer of the present invention is employed, it is advantageous that the drummer is more likely to find his or her usual method of performance because the same performance requirement can be achieved by multiple playing methods.
  • the present invention changes the effective hitting point of the foot to four by the conventional double stepping, the performance speed of the player can be improved, the fatigue of the player can be reduced, and the performance mode of the player can be enriched. , making the performance more natural, and liberating the left foot to control the hi-hat.
  • the quadruple hammer device of the first embodiment of the present invention changes the conventional drum hammer from a single head to a double head.
  • the foot is driven in one direction and improved to the two-way drive of the sole of the foot.
  • the hammer is attached to the hammer at both ends, and the rotary shaft of the drum is fixed at the center point of the hammer hammer. Change the one-way hinge to a two-way hinge. In this way, the drum hammer can be driven regardless of the forward rotation or the reverse rotation. Set the fulcrum of the pedal to the position of the arch. This allows the toe and heel to drive the shaft.
  • the quadruple hammer device of the second embodiment of the present invention mounts the transmission hinges on the rotating shaft in two ways, namely, hanging and reverse hanging, so that both the toe portion and the heel portion can drive the drum to strike the drumhead.
  • the pedal drive is simultaneously driven to two side-mounted drum hammers.
  • the hanging hinge drives a drum hammer to hit.
  • the anti-hanging hinge drives another drum hammer to hit.
  • the function of the four recovery springs is that when the rotating shaft rotates forward, the hanging hinge drives the hanging drum hammer to hit the drum surface, and the recovery spring of the drum hammer is reversed, and the anti-hanging drum hammer is pulled to the vacant position. vice versa.
  • the manufacturer can be made into a joint body or a component. It can be made bilaterally symmetrical, or it can be made into an eccentric design with the right foot as the main support. These designs are essentially intrinsically and functionally different, except that the visually eccentric design requires the bottom drum to be placed on the right foot side, while the symmetrical design places the bottom drum in the center position. These tiny differences are only slightly different on the stage.
  • the present invention can be modified into an electronic drum (not shown), that is, the sensor can be directly mounted on the pedal and connected to the main body through a circuit.
  • the drum and drumhead can be simplified.
  • this design has a certain lack of hitting weight and foot feel, it can be used as a portable or beginner model.
  • This design has no drums and only pedals.
  • the four-step hammer can also be used in such a drumless design.
  • the pedal shaft can be changed to the arch part, and the sensor can be directly mounted on the four effective striking positions of the pedal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)

Abstract

一种架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置,包括传动支架,左、右踏板,并列的鼓锤和铰链,鼓锤包括锤杆和设置在锤杆上的锤头,铰链通过转动轴与锤杆和踏板铰接,转动轴安装在支架上。转动轴包括上、下转动轴;两个铰链布置成其下端互为相反地铰接于下转动轴,或者锤头为设置在锤杆两端上的上、下锤头,铰链的上端与锤杆中心连接,并与上转动轴铰接。踏板包括位于其中央的支点部分、两端的脚尖和脚跟部分,下转动轴的一端连接于支点部分,其另一端与铰链的下端铰接。恢复弹簧分别连接于支架和上转动轴。脚部的脚尖和脚跟部分踩踏可实现双向驱动以使鼓锤的有效打击点由两个变为四个,因此可有效提高演奏速度、降低演奏疲劳度和丰富演奏方式。

Description

架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置
技术领域
本发明有关一种用于乐器配置的架子鼓, 具体说有关一种架子鼓底鼓的踩锤 装置。 背景技术
架子鼓是一个常见乐器,无论其他乐器如何配置,架子鼓通常是必不可少的。 架子鼓的底鼓起到了基本节奏和重音的作用, 它是一个口径较大的鼓, 鼓面垂 直于底面, 横卧放置。 演奏者通过脚踩踏底鼓踩锤踏板, 通过鼓锤击打鼓面。
传统的底鼓踩锤踏板装置目前有两种类型, 一种是单踩, 一种是双踩。其中, 单踩是最基本的设计, 通过右脚 (或左脚) 踩踏踏板, 击打鼓面。 图 12和图 13 示出一种传统的单踩的踩锤踏板装置 11,位于底鼓 10的前方,包括传动支架(未 图示) 、 锤杆 7'、 设置在锤杆 7'上端的锤头 9、 铰链 5'和踏板 3, 铰链 5'的一端 与锤杆 7'的下端连接并与转动轴 8'铰接, 转动轴 8'安装在传动支架上, 铰链 5' 的另一端与踏板 3铰接。 当用脚尖部位 L (左脚) 、 R (右脚) 踩踏板时, 铰链 5'下行使锤杆 7'绕转动轴 8'枢转以使锤头 9从静止位置 I摆动到与鼓面 10'平行 的击打位置 II, 如图 13所示。
随着音乐节奏的加快, 单踩已经不能满足演奏者的需要, 因此于 1983年 , 美国 DW (Drum Workshop ) 公司发明了一种双踩踏板 ( double pedal) , 使原本 用单脚操作打击底鼓的鼓手可以用双脚分别操作不同的踏板打击同一个底鼓。 这种双踩式的踩锤装置的优点在于, 可以使用双脚交替击打鼓面, 其演奏序列 可以是 R— L— R— L, 从而提高了演奏者的演奏速度。 传统的双踩的踩锤踏板装置 包括两个上述的单踩的踩锤踏板装置, 通过并列方式组合而成 (未图示) 。
近年来, 许多乐队和著名鼓手, 都把双踩踏板作为了固定配置。 但是随着时 代的前进, 音乐形式的丰富, 近年来, 更多的乐曲和乐队需要用更高的频率打 击底鼓。 有的音乐, 例如新金属乐、 电子舞曲音乐, 等等在许多演奏的片段, 底鼓踩踏的频率达到了每分钟数百次甚至更高, 犹如机关枪的发射频率。
许多鼓手, 为了演奏这样的音乐, 苦练双踩技术, 但这是不太容易练成的。 有些鼓手因为达不到演奏需要的速度, 只能望而却步了。 同时, 练习和演奏时, 双脚需要长时间、 高频率、 高强度的踩踏踩锤, 相关的肌肉十分疲劳。
因此, 有必要提供一种改进的架子鼓底鼓的踩锤装置, 以降低演奏者的演奏 难度, 使普通人不需要经过长期十分艰苦的训练, 就可以达到较高的演奏速度; 同时在保证演奏的基础上, 降低肌肉疲劳度。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 以提高演奏者的演奏 速度并降低演奏者的疲劳程度。
根据本发明一方面的一种架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 由左脚部分和右脚部 分组成, 包括: 传动支架, 左、 右踏板, 两个并列的鼓锤和铰链, 每个鼓锤包 括锤杆和设置在锤杆上的锤头, 每个铰链与锤杆连接并与踏板的转动轴铰接, 所述转动轴安装在所述支架上; 其特征在于: 所述转动轴包括上转动轴和下转 动轴, 所述锤头为设置在所述锤杆两端的上、 下锤头, 所述铰链的上端与锤杆 中心连接, 并与所述的上转动轴铰接, 所述踏板包括位于其中央的支点部分、 位于支点部分两端的脚尖部分和脚跟部分, 所述下转动轴的一端连接于所述支 点部分, 其另一端与所述铰链的下端铰接; 还包括两个恢复弹簧, 其每一个的 一端连接于支架, 其另一端连接于上转动轴。
根据本发明另一方面的一种架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 由左脚部分和右脚 部分组成, 包括: 传动支架, 左、 右踏板, 并列的鼓锤和铰链, 每个鼓锤包括 锤杆和设置在锤杆上的锤头, 每个铰链与所述锤杆连接并分别与所述踏板的转 动轴铰接, 所述转动轴安装在所述支架上; 其特征在于: 所述转动轴包括上转 动轴和下转动轴, 所述四联踩锤装置包括并列的两个踩锤机构, 每个踩锤机构 包括所述并列相对的鼓锤和铰链, 所述锤杆的与设有锤头的一端相对的另一端 与铰链的上端连接并与上转动轴铰接, 所述踏板包括位于其中央的支点部分、 位于支点部分两端的脚尖部分和脚跟部分, 所述下转动轴的一端连接于所述支 点部分, 其另一端与所述并列的两个铰链的下端铰接, 所述的两个铰链布置成 其下端互为相反地铰接于下转动轴; 还包括四个恢复弹簧, 其每一个的一端连 接于支架, 其另一端连接于上转动轴。
较佳地, 四联踩锤装置的左脚部分和右脚部分配置成联体式, 或配置成分立 式。
较佳地, 所述的左脚部分和右脚部分配置成左右对称, 以使底鼓处于正中的 位置。
较佳地, 所述的四联踩锤装置配置成以右脚为主要支架的偏心设计, 以使底 鼓摆在右脚或左脚一侧。
本发明的有益技术效果是: 本发明的四联踩锤装置由于使脚部的脚尖和脚跟 实现双向驱动以使鼓锤的有效打击点由两个变为四个, 因此可有效提高演奏者 的演奏速度、 降低演奏者的疲劳度, 丰富演奏者的演奏方式, 使演奏更加自然。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的第一较佳实施例的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置的主视示意 图;
图 2是图 1的部分示意图, 图中省略了踏板和左面部分的踩锤机构; 图 3是图 2的左视示意图, 图中示出脚未踩踏踏板时鼓锤处于未击打的静止 位置;
图 4和图 5是类似于图 3的示意图, 分别显示脚尖踩踏和脚跟踩踏以打击底 鼓鼓面的两种工作状态;
图 6至图 8是恢复弹簧应用于本发明第一较佳实施例的不同状态的示意图; 图 9是本发明的第二较佳实施例的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置的主视示意 图, 图中示出两个并列的踩锤机构;
图 10和图 1 1是图 9的左视示意图, 分别显示第二较佳实施例的两个并列的 正挂和反挂的鼓锤处于击打位置和腾空位置的示意图;
图 12是传统的单踩型式的底鼓踩锤装置的主视示意图;
图 13是图 12的左视示意图;
图 14和图 15是显示恢复弹簧在传统的及本发明第二较佳实施例的踩锤装置 中应用的原理示意图; 具体实施方式
为让本发明的上述目的、 特征和优点能更明显易懂, 以下结合附图对本发明的 具体实施方式作详细说明。首先需要说明的是,本发明并不限于下述具体实施方式, 本领域的技术人员应该从下述实施方式所体现的精神来理解本发明, 各技术术语可 以基于本发明的精神实质来作最宽泛的理解。 图中相同或相似的构件采用相同的附 图标记表示。
如图 1所示, 本发明的第一较佳实施例的四联踩锤装置 la, 位于乐器架子鼓的 底鼓 10的前方, 用于打击底鼓的鼓面 10 ' , 四联踩锤装置 la包括对称并列的左脚 部分、右脚部分的踩锤机构 la' 、 la" 。为简化说明起见,现对其中一个踩锤机构, 例如右脚部分的踩锤机构 la"进行详细说明, 并且图 1中的左踩锤机构 la' 的相 应构件的附图标记未标示。 本发明所述的 "四联"是指双脚通过脚尖部分和脚跟部 分的连续交替踩踏踏板可使锤头双向联动地打击鼓面, 即由传统的双踩踏板的两个 击打点改变为四个击打点的布置方式。 踩锤机构 la"包括: 传动支架 2、 踏板 3、 鼓锤 4、铰链 5、上转动轴 8和下转动轴 8 ' 和恢复弹簧 6。鼓锤 4包括锤杆 7和上、 下锤头 9、 9 ' , 锤杆 7包括上端和下端和中心, 上、 下锤头 9、 9 ' 分别设置在锤 杆 7的上、下端上, 铰链 5的上端与锤杆 7中心连接, 并与所述的上转动轴 8铰接, 以使铰链 5成为双向铰链。 所述踏板 3包括位于其中央 (脚弓) 的支点部分 (未图 示) 、 位于支点部分两端的脚尖部分 3' 和脚跟部分 3" (如图 4、 图 5、 图 10、 图 11所示) , 下转动轴 8' 的一端连接于所述踏板 3的支点部分, 其另一端与铰链 5 的下端铰接。 上、 下转动轴 8、 8' 分别安装于传动支架 2上。 踩锤机构还包括恢复 弹簧 6, 其一端连接于传动支架 2, 其另一端通过一个凸轮 12连接于上转动轴 8, 如图 6至图 8所示。
当双脚通过脚尖部分 3' 和脚跟部分 3" 交替踩踏踏板 3时, 左、 右脚踏板 是分别绕踏板上的支点部分摆动以双向驱动转动轴 8' , 以正、 反转摆动地驱动 鼓锤的上、 下锤头 9、 9' 打击鼓面 10' 。 其踩踏打击的操作过程如图 3至图 5 所示。
图 3示出脚未踩踏踏板时鼓锤处于未击打的静止位置。 如图 3所示, 当踏 板 3未被脚踩踏时, 踩锤机构 la" 是处于未击打鼓面 10' 的静止位置, 即铰链 5未枢转驱动锤杆 7摆动, 使得锤杆基本平行与鼓面即垂直于地面 S。
图 4是显示脚尖部分 3' 踩踏踏板时鼓锤 4的打击位置。如图 4所示, 当以 脚弓位置作为支点将脚尖 3' 踩下、 脚跟 3" 提起时, 踏板 3绕支点的摆动通过 转轴 8' 驱动双向铰链 5正转, 并使锤杆 7绕转轴 8向鼓面 10' 方向摆动, 使 上锤头 9随锤杆摆动一个角度以击打鼓面 10' , 此时下锤头 9' 同步摆动同样 的角度离开鼓面 10' 。
图 5是显示脚跟部分 3"踩踏踏板时鼓锤 4的打击位置。如图 5所示, 当以 脚弓位置作为支点将脚跟部分 3" 踩下、 脚尖部分 3' 提起时, 踏板 3绕支点的 摆动通过转轴 8' 驱动双向铰链 5反转, 并使锤杆 7绕轴 8摆动, 使下锤头 9' 摆动一个角度以击打鼓面 10' , 此时上锤头 9同步摆动相同的角度离开鼓面 10" 。
在本实施例中, 所述四联踩锤装置还包括两个恢复弹簧 6, 如图 1中所示。 其每一个恢复弹簧的一端连接于支架 2, 其另一端连接于上转动轴 8。 设置恢复 弹簧是为了在没有踩踏的情况下, 使鼓锤 4恢复到初始静止位置, 也就是鼓锤 垂直于地面。
在本发明第一实施例的四联踩锤装置中, 恢复弹簧 6的作用如图 6至图 8 所示。 其中图 6是显示鼓锤处于未打击的静止位置, 图 7和图 8分别显示鼓锤 中的上、 下锤头 9、 9' 打击鼓面的位置。 在本实施例中只是在静止位置时要将 锤杆 7锁定在垂直状态, 如图 6所示。 踩锤的静止位置是可调的, 所以没有任 何问题。
本发明的第二实施例的四联踩锤装置如图 9至图 11所示。 其中图 9是该四 联踩锤装置的总体布置示意图; 图 10和图 11分别是用脚尖部分和脚跟部分踩 踏时的击打鼓面的示意图。
现参看图 9, 图中示出本发明的第二实施例的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置 lb。 四联踩锤装置 lb位于底鼓 10鼓面 10 ' 的前方 (如图 10和图 11所示) , 包括相互并列的左脚部分的踩锤机构 lb ' 和右脚部分的踩锤机构 lb " , 包括支 架 2和左、 右踏板 3、 并列的四个鼓锤、 四个铰链和四个转动轴。 现以其中一个 踩锤机构例如右脚部分的踩锤机构 lb " 为例进行详细说明, 并在图 9中对左脚 部分踩锤机构 lb ' 的相应构件的附图标记未予以标示。所述踩锤机构 lb " 包括: 传动支架 2、 踏板 3、 上、 下转动轴 8、 8 ' 、 并列的左鼓锤 4a、 右鼓锤 4b、 正 挂铰链 5a、 反挂铰链 5b、 和恢复弹簧 6。 在本实施例中, 所述的 "正挂 "和 "反 挂"是指铰链下端 5a、 5b与转轴铰接的位置是位于转轴的相反两侧。 所述踏板 3包括位于其中央的支点部分、 位于支点部分两端的脚尖部分 3 ' 和脚跟部分 3 " , 左鼓锤 4a包括左锤杆 7a和锤头 9a, 右鼓锤 4b包括右锤杆 7b和锤头 9b, 锤杆 7a、 7b分别具有上、 下端, 锤头 9a、 9b分别位于所述上端上, 所述的正、 反挂铰链 5a、 5b的上端分别与锤杆 7a、 7b的下端连接并与上转动轴 8铰接, 铰链 5a、 5b的下端分别以正挂和反挂方式铰接在下转动轴 8 ' 的相反两侧上, 所述下转动轴 8 ' 与踏板的支点部分连接。 左、 右踏板 3分别通过脚尖部分 3 ' 和脚跟部分 3 "踩踏踏板分别交替带动正挂铰链 5a和反挂铰链 5b驱动相对应的 锤头 9a、 9b击打鼓面 10 ' 。 当脚尖部分下踩的时候, 正挂铰链 5a驱动一支鼓 锤 4a击打鼓面, 当脚跟部分下踩的时候, 反挂铰链 5b驱动另一支鼓槌 4b击打 鼓面。 在本实施例中, 具有四个恢复弹簧 6, 如图 9所示。 四个恢复弹簧的作用 是, 当转轴正转时, 正挂铰链 5a驱动正挂鼓锤 4a击打鼓面, 反挂鼓槌 4b的恢 复弹簧 6,将反图 13和图 14显示恢复弹簧 6在踩锤装置中的作用原理。锤杆 7 ' 锁定在转轴 8 ' 上。 当无外力的时候, 恢复弹簧 6把与转轴 8 ' 固定连接的凸轮 12拉到竖直向下的位置, 这时鼓锤处于腾空位置, 如图 14所示。 当转轴 8 ' 受 到外力作用时, 转轴 8 ' 的凸轮 12转动, 拉伸弹簧 6, 产生反向扭矩, 鼓锤处 于击打位置, 如图 15所示。 当外力消失, 恢复弹簧 6的反向扭矩又把鼓锤拉回 到腾空位置。
在本发明的上述两种实施方式中, 通过脚尖和脚跟连续交替踩踏踏板即可 实现锤头对鼓面的交替的连续击打。
现分别以!^、 R表示左、 右脚的脚尖 (脚掌) 部位, 以 2、 Y方便表示左、 右脚的脚跟部位。 L、 R、 Z、 Y对应对鼓面的有效击打点: L代表踩锤机构用左 脚脚尖踩踏时锤头击打鼓面, R代表踩锤机构用右脚脚尖踩踏时锤头击打鼓面, Ζ代表踩锤机构用左脚脚跟踩踏时锤头击打鼓面,以及 Υ代表踩锤机构用右脚脚 跟踩踏时锤头击打鼓面。 现对本发明的四联踩锤和传统的双踩锤的方式比较如 下。
1,以传统的最普通的双踩演奏为例,四小节的演奏序列可以是 R— L— R— L…; 采用本发明四联踩锤, 在同样的频率下, 由于增加了 ZY的有效打击点, 就可以 演奏 RZYL RZYL o 这样就让同等熟练度的鼓手的演奏速度, 提高了一倍。
2, 如果要演奏同一个速度的鼓点, 传统双踩必须要 RLRL RLRL这样的频率, 而采用四联踩锤, 则只需要 YZRL YZRL就可以了。 也就是说, 同样的演奏要求, 鼓手的疲劳度可以降低一半。
3, 丰富了演奏形式。 以每小节三拍为例: 传统双踩的演奏方法可以是 LRL RLR LRL RLR , 这样, 每一小节的起始位, 也就是重心, 是在左右两脚之间交替 变换的。 那么鼓手就需要不时的关注脚步动作, 这样就会分散手部动作的注意 力。 如果采用本发明的四联踩锤, 则演奏方法就非常简单。 可以是 YLR YLR YLR YLR, 这是完全重复的, 这样大脑就可以几乎忽略对脚的控制, 把注意力专注在 手的动作上。
另外, 演奏方式变化更多, 还可以是 ZRL ZRL ZRL ZRL。 这样就可以让右 脚为主的演奏在经过一段时间后, 转到以左脚为主的方法上。 鼓手往往是乐队 最累的成员, 因为鼓的演奏是必须的, 不像吉他, 键盘, 等等, 各有分工, 而 且也不用从头到尾演奏。 而鼓基本上是从头到尾必须要演奏的, 所以, 同一种 演奏要求, 通过不同的脚法来实现可以让鼓手轮换的休息部分的肌肉群。 不但 如此, 不同的鼓手还有各自的习惯, 如果办法单一, 那么鼓手对自己不习惯的 演奏方法, 就需要更加的刻苦练习。 如果采用本发明的四联踩锤, 因为同一个 演奏需求可以由多重演奏方法实现, 鼓手更容易找到自己惯用的方法演奏, 是 很有好处的。
4,使演奏更加自然。 音乐中, 以 4/4, 3/4拍最为常见。 采用四联踩锤, 4/4 或 3/4拍的演奏更加自然。 每一个小节, 都是脚步动作的一个自然循环, 使演 奏者非常舒服。 它就像发动机的一个冲程。 现代音乐和机器也有潜在的关系, 许多节奏型就来源于机器的不停运转。 四联踩锤的四个击打位置, 也类似于一 个冲程, 也可以看作机械装置也音乐的自然结合。
5, 解放左脚。 传统的双踩的左脚位置, 还有一个踩釵 (HIHAT ) 。 所以在 使用双踩击打底鼓时, 就无法开合踩釵了。 使用四联踩锤, 右脚就可以单独完 成双踩的作用, 在需要的时候, 左脚可以同时控制踩釵的开合。
根据上述比较可知: 由于本发明把脚部的有效打击点由传统的双踩的两个 变为四个, 因此可提高演奏者的演奏速度, 降低演奏者的疲劳度, 丰富演奏者 的演奏方式, 使演奏更加自然, 以及可解放左脚以便控制踩釵。
本发明的第一实施例的四联踩锤装置是把传统的鼓锤由单头改为双头。 由 脚掌单向驱动, 改进为脚掌脚跟双向驱动。 具体说鼓锤的两头都装上锤头, 把 鼓锤的旋转轴定在鼓锤锤杆的中心点上。 把单向铰链改为双向铰链。 这样, 无 论正转, 或者反转, 都可以驱动鼓锤击打。 把踏板的支点, 定在脚弓位置。 这 样脚尖和脚跟就都可以驱动转轴了。
本发明的第二实施例的四联踩锤装置是把传动铰链分别按照正挂和反挂两 种方式安装在转动轴上, 以使脚尖部分和脚跟部分都能驱动鼓锤打击鼓面。 踏 板的传动装置, 同时传动到两个并列安装的鼓锤上。 当脚尖下踩的时候, 正挂 铰链驱动一支鼓锤击打, 当脚跟下踩的时候, 反挂铰链驱动另一支鼓锤击打。 四个恢复弹簧的作用是, 当转轴正转时, 正挂铰链驱动正挂鼓锤击打鼓面, 反 挂鼓锤的恢复弹簧, 将反挂鼓锤拉起到腾空位置。 反之亦然。
此外, 可以理解到, 对于四联踩锤的左脚部分, 和右脚部分, 厂家可以做 成联体的, 也可以做成分立的。 可以做成左右对称的, 也可以做成以右脚为主 要支架的偏心设计。 这些设计在本质和功能上, 没有什么区别, 只是在视觉上 偏心设计需要把底鼓摆在右脚一侧, 而对称设计则可以把底鼓放在正中的 位置。 这些微小的区别只是在舞台视觉上, 稍有不同。
另外, 本发明还可以改进成电子鼓 (未图示) , 即可以直接把传感器安装 在踏板上, 通过电路连接到主机上。 同时可以简化鼓锤和鼓面。 这样的设计虽 然在击打轻重和脚感上有一定的欠缺, 但可以作为便携式或者初学者的型号, 也是可以的。 这样的设计, 没有鼓锤, 只有踏板。 四联踩锤也可以采用这样的 的无鼓锤设计, 把踏板转轴改为脚弓部位, 把传感器直接安装在踏板的四个有 效打击位上, 就可以实现。
应理解, 在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后, 本领域技术人员可以对本 发明作各种改动或修改, 这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定 的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1.一种架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 由左脚部分和右脚部分组成, 包括: 传 动支架, 左、 右踏板, 两个并列的鼓锤和铰链, 每个鼓锤包括锤杆和设置在锤 杆上的锤头, 每个铰链与锤杆连接并与踏板的转动轴铰接, 所述转动轴安装在 所述支架上; 其特征在于: 所述转动轴包括上转动轴和下转动轴, 所述锤头为 设置在所述锤杆两端的上、 下锤头, 所述铰链的上端与锤杆中心连接, 并与所 述的上转动轴铰接, 所述踏板包括位于其中央的支点部分、 位于支点部分两端 的脚尖部分和脚跟部分, 所述下转动轴的一端连接于所述支点部分, 其另一端 与所述铰链的下端铰接; 还包括两个恢复弹簧, 其每一个的一端连接于支架, 其另一端连接于上转动轴。
2. 一种架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 由左脚部分和右脚部分组成, 包括: 传 动支架, 左、 右踏板, 并列的鼓锤和铰链, 每个鼓锤包括锤杆和设置在锤杆上 的锤头, 每个铰链与所述锤杆连接并分别与所述踏板的转动轴铰接, 所述转动 轴安装在所述支架上; 其特征在于: 所述转动轴包括上转动轴和下转动轴, 所 述四联踩锤装置包括并列的两个踩锤机构, 每个踩锤机构包括所述并列相对的 鼓锤和铰链, 所述锤杆的与设有锤头的一端相对的另一端与铰链的上端连接并 与上转动轴铰接, 所述踏板包括位于其中央的支点部分、 位于支点部分两端的 脚尖部分和脚跟部分, 所述下转动轴的一端连接于所述支点部分, 其另一端与 所述并列的两个铰链的下端铰接, 所述的两个铰链布置成其下端互为相反地铰 接于下转动轴; 还包括四个恢复弹簧, 其每一个的一端连接于支架, 其另一端 连接于上转动轴。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 其特征在于所 述的左脚部分和右脚部分配置成联体式。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置,其特征在于所述 的的左脚部分和右脚部分配置成分立式。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置,其特征在于所述 的左脚部分和右脚部分配置成左右对称, 以使底鼓处于正中的位置。
6 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置, 其特征在于所述 的四联踩锤装置配置成以右脚为主要支架的偏心设计, 以使底鼓摆在右脚或左 脚一侧。
PCT/CN2013/076965 2012-07-30 2013-06-07 架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置 WO2014019416A1 (zh)

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CN202749083U (zh) * 2012-07-30 2013-02-20 章祝夫 架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置
CN108785786B (zh) * 2018-03-14 2020-11-24 付洪杰 一种儿童输液用转移注意力装置

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US6271450B1 (en) * 1997-01-16 2001-08-07 Kevin Mackie Beater arrangement
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CN2219530Y (zh) * 1993-09-14 1996-02-07 华星乐器制造股份有限公司 脚踏式击鼓器之振幅调整结构
US6271450B1 (en) * 1997-01-16 2001-08-07 Kevin Mackie Beater arrangement
CN2291701Y (zh) * 1997-05-28 1998-09-16 功学社教育用品股份有限公司 大鼓的双脚踏板连结杆
US5990401A (en) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-23 Braun; Daniel T. Dual foot pedal assembly and related quick release mechanism
US20100162874A1 (en) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-01 Akito Takegawa Modular post assembly for foot-operated pedal
CN202749083U (zh) * 2012-07-30 2013-02-20 章祝夫 架子鼓底鼓的四联踩锤装置

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