WO2014019321A1 - 便携式电子膀胱镜 - Google Patents

便携式电子膀胱镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014019321A1
WO2014019321A1 PCT/CN2012/087364 CN2012087364W WO2014019321A1 WO 2014019321 A1 WO2014019321 A1 WO 2014019321A1 CN 2012087364 W CN2012087364 W CN 2012087364W WO 2014019321 A1 WO2014019321 A1 WO 2014019321A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
tube
fixed
illumination lamp
fixing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/087364
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙颖浩
高小峰
陈尧松
王海丽
俞国良
Original Assignee
杭州好克光电仪器有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 杭州好克光电仪器有限公司 filed Critical 杭州好克光电仪器有限公司
Publication of WO2014019321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014019321A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00108—Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by self-sufficient functionality for stand-alone use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0669—Endoscope light sources at proximal end of an endoscope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0684—Endoscope light sources using light emitting diodes [LED]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
    • A61B1/00043—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements
    • A61B1/00045—Display arrangement
    • A61B1/00052—Display arrangement positioned at proximal end of the endoscope body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/307—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the urinary organs, e.g. urethroscopes, cystoscopes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a medical device, and more particularly to a portable electronic cystoscope for clinically examining, diagnosing and treating urological diseases such as the bladder and urethra. Background technique
  • cystoscopy is a must in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract and bladder diseases in clinical medicine. Cystoscopy and cystoscopy have been widely used in clinical practice and are important tools for urological diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
  • cystoscope cores are optical systems that are arranged in an orderly manner using glass lenticular lenses. In the process of transmission of light in the system, it is inevitable that there will be loss, which restricts the image of the imaging system of the cystoscope optical system.
  • the endoscope illumination method of the transmission usually has two forms, one is the fiber optic illumination method, the light source is installed in the controller, and the guide beam is used to guide the light to the endoscope insertion tip, the light source has a bulb and a high-power LED, etc.
  • the bulb is divided into a halogen lamp, a xenon lamp, etc., and the other is a pure LED illumination method in which a small power LED is directly mounted at the tip end of the lens tube.
  • Battery-powered and small LED lighting has become the traditional form of portable equipment.
  • medical electronic mirrors, especially cystoscopes have a large increase in the diameter of the insertion tip or localized fever in the head, which is unacceptable to patients and doctors. Therefore, it is almost impossible to directly install the LEDs at the insertion tip for illumination, and it is necessary to keep the illumination of the desktop.
  • the multi-channel electronic cystoscope is divided into two parts: the main endoscope and the sheath tube.
  • the sheath tube is designed with at least one operation channel, and the tip end portion of the sheath tube is designed to be blunt, which is beneficial to protect urine.
  • the tract is not damaged, the sheath and the main endoscope are used together by the locking device.
  • the optical system of the main endoscope abandons the traditional glass cylindrical lens optical system and replaces it with an electronic CCD optical system with higher resolution and better image quality.
  • the main endoscope design has a device channel with a diameter of 2.8 mm or larger, and the large-diameter instrument channel is adopted for convenient operation.
  • the invention also provides a portable electronic cystoscope with small diameter, small insertion pain, small calorific value, safe use, simple structure and convenient carrying work; solving the painful insertion of the cystoscope in the prior art, the device It is a huge technical problem with a long guide beam length and a large heat generation.
  • the invention provides a portable electronic cystoscope which can effectively conform to the natural physiological curve of the human urethra, has a large field of view, eliminates the blind spot, clears the image, has high diagnosis degree and reduces the difficulty of the operation operation;
  • the cystoscope is easy to produce blind spots, the field of view is not enough, and the technical problems are easily misdiagnosed.
  • a portable electronic cystoscope includes a lens tube, wherein: the lens tube is connected with an operation handle, and a display mechanism is connected to the operation handle;
  • the mirror tube includes an interposed insertion portion, a soft curved portion and a tip end portion, and the tip end portion is provided with a lens;
  • the operation handle is provided with an illumination system, and the illumination system comprises an illumination lamp and is connected with the illumination lamp.
  • the light guide beam has one end of the light guide connected to the illumination lamp, and the other end of the light guide beam extends to the front end portion. The lighting system is directly moved into the operating handle, and no external power supply or controller is required, and the structure is simple.
  • the current consumption of the whole machine is small, the battery is used for power supply, and the small liquid crystal display displays images, making the electronic cystoscope easy to carry.
  • the lighting uses a small power, so there is no need for a special cooling system.
  • the metal inside the operating handle can be naturally dissipated, which reduces the volume and creates conditions for manufacturing ultra-fine endoscopes.
  • the diameter of the mirror tube is 2 ⁇ 7mm, and the voltage of the power supply is 3 ⁇ 12V.
  • the human body poses a threat and is very safe for doctors and patients.
  • the light guide beam directly extends from the illumination lamp portion to the front end portion, and the length thereof is only 1/3 to 1/5 of the original length, the length of the light guide beam is greatly shortened, the light attenuation is small, and the light brightness is increased to compensate for the decrease of the power of the light bulb. Loss, keeping the output illuminance at the original level.
  • connection method of the illumination lamp and the light guide beam can be directly connected or connected by a condenser lens.
  • the illumination system is fixed on the bottom plate in the operating handle, and the illumination system comprises a fixing seat for fixing the illumination lamp and the light guide beam, the fixing seat is fixed on the bottom plate, and one end of the fixing base is connected with the illumination lamp through the pressure plate.
  • the substrate has a through hole in the fixing plate, and a guiding beam fixing tube is fixed in the through hole, and the guiding beam is located in the guiding beam fixing tube.
  • the illumination lamp is directly coupled with the light guide beam, and the thermal grease is coated on both ends of the substrate.
  • the pressure plate is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity, and the joint surfaces are smooth and flat, and the heat generated by the illumination lamp can be transmitted to the bottom plate as soon as possible. , improve heat dissipation performance.
  • the illumination lamp is located at one end of the through hole, and the light-emitting glue for packaging is disposed outside the illumination lamp, and the illumination lamp and the light guide beam are located on the same straight line, and the end of the light guide beam is in contact with the illumination lamp.
  • the guide beam fixing tube can be fixed in the fixing seat by a tight fit or can be fixed in the fixing seat by a screw connection. More preferably, the side surface of the fixing base is provided with a screw hole, the screw hole is electrically connected to the through hole, and the set screw is inserted into the screw hole, and the end of the set screw abuts on the outer circumference of the light guide fixing tube surface.
  • the guide beam fixing tube can slide axially in the through hole in the fixing seat, and when the set screw is tightened, the guiding beam fixing tube is fixed.
  • the guide beam fixing tube slides axially in the fixing seat, and the distance between the guiding beam and the illumination lamp can be adjusted, so that the brightness of the output light is more suitable.
  • the illumination system is fixed on the bottom plate in the operating handle
  • the illumination system includes a fixing base
  • the fixing base is fixed on the bottom plate
  • the illumination lamp substrate is fixed at one end of the fixing base through the pressing plate
  • the illumination lamp is fixed.
  • On the substrate a through hole is formed in the fixing seat, and a lens group is arranged in the through hole.
  • a transition sleeve is fixed at the other end of the fixing seat, and a through hole is arranged in the transition sleeve.
  • One end of the conduction hole communicates with the through hole on the fixing seat, and a guiding beam fixed tube is disposed in the guiding hole, and the guiding beam is located at the guiding The beam is fixed inside the tube.
  • a higher light output intensity can be obtained by coupling the lens groups, and the end face of the beam should be at the focus of the lens output.
  • the distance from the end face of the last lens to the focus is 15mm ⁇ 20mm.
  • the lens group is fixed by the fixing seat, and the guiding beam fixing tube is fixed by the transition sleeve, and the substrate is fixed on the fixing seat by the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity, such as pure copper or aluminum.
  • the through hole on the fixing base is a stepped hole, and a spacing ring for adjusting the distance of each lens in the lens group is disposed in the through hole, and the illumination lamp, the lens group and the light guiding beam are located on the same straight line.
  • the through hole of the fixing seat where the illumination lamp and the lens group meet is in a truncated cone shape, the diameter of the through hole toward one end of the lens group is larger than the diameter of the through hole toward one end of the illumination lamp, and the end face of the guiding beam is located at the focus of the output of the lens group.
  • the through hole is diffused by the horn, which can facilitate the illumination brightness of the illumination lamp to be directed by the horn to the first lens of the lens group, and the focus is achieved by focusing through the lens.
  • the lens group is composed of four positive lenses. The relative positional relationship between the lenses is determined by the gaps and the distance is maintained. The gap can also be used to adjust the distance between the lenses to achieve different focal lengths.
  • the side of the transition sleeve is provided with a screw hole, the screw hole is electrically connected to the through hole, and the set screw is inserted into the screw hole, and the end of the set screw abuts on the outer circumference of the light guide fixing tube surface. Adjust the position of the guide beam fixing tube in the transition sleeve through hole by tightening the screw.
  • the illumination lamp is a low power LED lamp, and the power of the LED lamp is less than 1 watt.
  • the illuminating lamp uses a low-power LED lamp. Two LEDs are connected to the fixed substrate of the LED. The DC power is applied to the two leads, and the LED emits light, and the luminous intensity reaches 700 ml. In application, the forward voltage drop of the work is 2.9V, current works at 190-200mA. LED light source generates less heat, and because of low power Next, it is safer to use.
  • the operating handle comprises an operating body and an operating portion connected to the lens tube, and the operating body is provided with a shifting rod, the shifting rod is fixed on the operating body through the rotating shaft, and the bending rod passes through the bending of the rope and the end of the lens tube
  • the portions are connected, the curved portion adopts a snake bone structure, and a CMOS image sensor and an optical lens are mounted at the tip end portion.
  • a miniature image sensor With a miniature image sensor, the image has high definition and vivid colors.
  • the soft bending part can be realized by changing the relative position of the parts.
  • the two ends of the traction rope are respectively fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the end of the lens tube, and the rope is straightened, so that the rope runs parallel in the insertion tube, and the lever is pulled, and the rope is One end of the upper end pulls the snake bone to make an upward bending or a downward bending motion, and the maximum bending angle is related to the stroke of the rope and the bending ability of the snake bone.
  • the curved skin wrapped around the snake bone is designed to protect the snake bone, which is dust-proof and waterproof, while reducing the pain during insertion.
  • the lens tube is inserted into the urethra. Due to the presence of the soft curved portion of the lens tube, it can be bent up and down. The signal is transmitted back through the tip end.
  • the maximum bending angle of the soft bending portion is greater than 180°, which can be seen in the bladder.
  • the requirements expand the field of view, eliminate the blind spot of observation, and facilitate the diagnosis by doctors.
  • the image is output to the external display through the image output component in real time, which reduces the labor intensity of the doctor and avoids misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. happened.
  • a plurality of channels are provided in the operation portion, and the device can be inserted for surgery, and the function of the cystoscope can be improved by aspirating the suction port.
  • the operating handle comprises an operating body and an operating portion connected to the mirror tube, a luer connector is arranged on the operating portion, a device inlet and an infusion port are arranged on the luer connector, and a liquid crystal is connected to the operating body.
  • the display has a lithium battery in the liquid crystal display, and the lithium battery is connected to the substrate on which the light is mounted by wires.
  • Various inlets can be set on the Luer connector, such as the instrument inlet and the infusion port.
  • the surgical instruments such as biopsy forceps, foreign body forceps, and guide wires enter from the instrument inlet, along the instrument channel, through the insertion portion, the bending portion, and the tip end until the mirror is extended. In addition, it is used for biopsy and other surgical operations.
  • the liquid can be from The infusion port is injected or aspirated.
  • the liquid is poured from the infusion port, sucked out from the suction port above the operating handle, and can also be controlled by the suction switch.
  • the buttons on the display are for various menu functions of the display, such as: “enter”, “exit”, “select”, “save”, “delete” and so on.
  • an SD card slot, a USB data cable port, a charging port, and the like are also designed. Insert SD card, image data output, charging and other functions.
  • the Luer connector When the equipment is cleaned, maintained, or disinfected, the Luer connector, the suction switch, and the monitor can be removed.
  • the display connector port is covered with a special sealing cover to prevent damage to the device during disinfection.
  • the display is not suitable for liquid immersion sterilization.
  • the portable electronic cystoscope of the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the equipment is easy to operate and easy to learn.
  • the product of the invention is quick to install, simple to operate, and requires no special training, and is easy for novices to master.
  • the promotion of new equipment is of great significance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a portable electronic cystoscope of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the curved structure of the bent portion in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an internal schematic view of a portable electronic cystoscope of the present invention.
  • 4 is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure in which the illumination lamp of FIG. 3 is directly coupled to a light guide beam.
  • Figure 5 is another internal schematic view of the portable electronic cystoscope of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure of the illumination lamp and the light guide of Figure 5 coupled through a lens group. Best way to implement the invention
  • a portable electronic cystoscope includes a lens tube 1 and an operation handle 2 connected to the lens tube 1.
  • the operation handle 2 includes an operation body 4 connected to the liquid crystal display 3 and an operation portion 6 connected to the lens tube 1.
  • the lens tube 1 is configured by sequentially connecting the tip end portion 7, the soft bending portion 8, and the insertion portion 9.
  • the lens tube 1 has a diameter of 5 mm and a degree of 380 mm.
  • the tip end portion 7 is mounted with a CMOS image sensor and an optical lens, and the soft curved portion 8 is formed of a snake bone structure.
  • a lever 13 and a liquid crystal display 3 are fixed to the operation body 4, and a lithium battery is attached to the back surface of the liquid crystal display 3 for power supply.
  • the lever 13 is fixed to the operating body 4 via the rotating shaft 11, and the lever 13 is connected to the soft bending portion 8 of the end portion of the lens tube by the pulling rope 14, and the soft bending portion 8 is formed by a snake bone structure (as shown in Fig. 2).
  • a rotating shaft 11 is fixed in the operating handle 2
  • a rotating wheel 12 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 11, and a rotating rod 13 is externally connected to the rotating shaft 11, and the traction rope 14 is wound on the rotating wheel 11, and both ends of the traction rope 14 are fixed to the mirror
  • Two traction ropes 14 parallel to each other are formed in the mirror tube 1 on both sides of the inner wall of the tube 1.
  • a guide pulley 15 is disposed outside the mutually parallel traction ropes 14.
  • the axes of the two guide wheels 15 are parallel and symmetrically distributed.
  • the two guide wheels 15 are adjacent to the runner 12 and will act as a guide and tension for the traction rope 14.
  • a joint connector 10 is integrally formed on the operating portion 6, a luer connector 5 is fixed on the joint connector 10, and a mechanical mechanism is mounted on the luer connector 5.
  • an LED bulb 16 is fixed in the operating handle 2.
  • the power of the LED bulb 16 is 0.5 W
  • the working constant current is 200 mA
  • the luminous intensity is 700 ml.
  • the LED lamp 16 is fixed on the substrate 18.
  • the two leads 19 on the substrate 18 are connected to the battery portion on the display 3, and the LED lamp 16 is supplied with a direct current through the battery.
  • the base plate 18 has a pressing plate 20, and the pressing plate 20 is fixed on the fixing base 22 by screws 21.
  • the fixing base 22 is fixed on the bottom plate 23 by screws 21, and the bottom plate 23 is located in the operating handle and is a metal piece.
  • the pressure plate 20 is made of pure copper material, ensuring that the joint surfaces are smooth and compact, and the heat generated by the LED lamp 16 is transmitted to the bottom plate 23 as soon as possible, and the metal piece of the bottom plate 23 naturally dissipates heat.
  • a through hole 24 is defined in the center of the fixing base 22, and the through hole is a stepped hole.
  • the through hole 24 is provided with a light guide fixing tube 25, and the diameter of the through hole on the side of the LED lamp 16 is larger than the diameter of the guide beam fixing tube 25.
  • the diameter of the through hole accommodating the guide beam fixing tube portion is slightly larger than the diameter of the light guide fixing tube 25.
  • a screw hole is defined in a side surface of the fixing base 22, and a set screw 26 is inserted into the screw hole.
  • the axial direction of the set screw 26 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixing base 22.
  • the end of the set screw 26 abuts on the outer wall of the light guide fixing tube 25.
  • the beam guide tube 25 can slide axially in the through hole in the mount 22, and when the set screw is tightened 26, the guide beam fixing tube 25 is fixed.
  • the guide beam fixing tube 25 slides axially in the fixing seat 22, and the distance between the guiding beam and the LED lamp can be adjusted, so that the brightness of the output light is more suitable.
  • One end of the through hole 24 is connected to the LED lamp 16, and the guiding beam fixing tube 25 is located on the same line as the center line of the LED lamp 16, and is made of a transparent glue made of epoxy resin glue above the light emitting surface of the LED lamp 16.
  • the light guide fixing tube 25 has a light guide beam 17 made of glass fiber or plastic fiber, and the end surface of the light guide beam 17 is as close as possible to the light emitting surface of the LED lamp 16, and the light output is maximized.
  • Example 2 Example 2:
  • an LED lamp 16 is fixed in the operating handle 2, and a lens group 27 is mounted below the LED lamp 16, and a light guide beam 17 is mounted below the lens group.
  • the LED lamp 16 is fixed on the substrate 18, and the two leads 19 led out on the substrate 18 are connected to the lithium battery on the display 3.
  • a pressure plate 20 which is fixed by screws 21 above the fixing base 22, and the fixing base 22 is fixed to the bottom plate 23 in the operating handle by screws.
  • a through hole 24 is defined in the fixing base 22, and the through hole 24 is stepped.
  • a lens group 27 composed of four lenses is mounted in the through hole. The parameters of the lenses in the lens group 27 are as follows:
  • the through-hole portion between the LED lamp 16 and the uppermost lens of the lens group 27 is a speaker-shaped through-hole that is narrower and wider at the upper side, facilitating the LED light to penetrate the lens to form a focus.
  • the lenses are fixed by a sleeve 28 between them.
  • a transition sleeve 29 is fixed to the lower side of the fixing base 22 by screws, and a through hole 30 is defined in the transition sleeve 29,
  • a light guide fixing tube 25 is mounted in the through hole 30, and a light guide beam 17 is disposed in the light guide fixed tube 25, and the light guide beam 17 is located at the output focus of the lens group 27, and the distance from the end surface of the lowermost lens to the focus is 15 mm.
  • a set screw 26 is also on the side of the transition sleeve 29 a set screw 26, the end face of which is abutted against the outer wall of the light guide fixing tube 25.

Abstract

一种便携式电子膀胱镜，用于对膀胱、尿道等泌尿科疾病进行临床检查、诊断和治疗。它包括镜管（1），所述的镜管（1）连接有操作手柄（2）。在操作手柄（2）上连接有显示机构。所述的镜管（1）包括相互连接的插入部（9）、软质弯曲部（8）和先端部（7），先端部（7）设有镜头。所述的操作手柄（2）内设有照明系统，所述的照明系统包括照明灯和与照明灯连接的导光束（17）。导光束（17）的一端与照明灯相连，导光束（17）的另外一端延伸至先端部。该种膀胱镜的管径小，痛苦少，结构简单，方便携带。

Description

便携式电子膀胱镜
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗器械， 尤其涉及一种临床对膀胱、 尿道等泌尿科疾病 进行检查诊断和治疗的便携式电子膀胱镜。 背景技术
目前， 在临床医学上诊断和治疗尿道、 膀胱疾病时， 膀胱镜是必须的， 膀 胱镜及膀胱镜技术在临床上已经得到了广泛的应用， 是泌尿外科诊治病症的重 要工具。 现在很多膀胱镜内芯是使用玻璃柱状透镜有序排列的光学系统， 光线 在系统中传输的过程中难免会有损失， 这样就制约了膀胱镜光学系统传像系统 图像的进一歩提高。 传动的内窥镜照明方法通常有两种形式， 一种是光纤照明 法， 将光源安装在控制器中， 用导光束把光引导到内窥镜插入先端， 光源有灯 泡和大功率 LED等， 其中灯泡又为卤素灯、氙气灯等之分， 另一种是将小功率 LED直接安装在镜管的先端部的纯 LED照明法。 采用电池供电和小型 LED照 明成为便携式设备传统的基本形式。 但是医用电子镜， 特别是膀胱镜， 插入先 端直径增大一点或头部有局部发热现象， 对病人和医生来说都是无法接受的。 因此，在插入先端直接安装 LED进行照明几乎不可能实现，保留台式机的照明 方式是必要的。 在现有的公开文件中， 有中国专利 "硬质多通道电子膀胱镜 ( CN201558096U) ", 具体公开了一种硬质多通道电子膀胱镜， 其外形基本保 持了传统的膀胱镜的外观， 硬质多通道电子膀胱镜分为主体内镜和鞘管两个部 分， 鞘管设计有至少一条操作通道， 鞘管的先端部设计成钝形， 有利于保护尿 道不被损伤， 鞘管与主体内镜通过锁紧装置配合使用， 主体内镜的光学系统放 弃传统的玻璃柱形透镜光学系统， 取而代之为分辨率更高， 图像质量更好的电 子 CCD光学系统， 主体内镜设计有一条直径大于等于 2.8mm的器械通道， 采 用该大直径的器械通道， 方便手术操作。
发明的公开
本发明同时还提供了一种管径小， 插入痛苦小， 发热量小， 使用安全， 结构 简单， 方便携带工作的便携式电子膀胱镜； 解决了现有技术中存在的膀胱镜插 入比较痛苦， 设备庞大， 导光束长度长， 发热量大的技术问题。
本发明提供了一种能有效顺应人体尿道的自然生理曲线，视场范围大， 消除 观察盲区， 图像显示清晰， 确诊度高， 降低手术操作难度的便携式电子膀胱镜; 解决了现有技术中存在的膀胱镜容易产生观察盲区， 视场范围不够， 容易误诊 的技术问题。
本发明的上述技术问题是通过下述技术方案解决的： 一种便携式电子膀胱 镜， 包括镜管， 其特征在于： 所述的镜管连接有操作手柄， 在操作手柄上连接 有显示机构； 所述的镜管包括相互连接的插入部、 软质弯曲部和先端部， 先端 部设有镜头； 所述的操作手柄内设有照明系统， 所述的照明系统包括照明灯和 与照明灯连接的导光束， 导光束的一端与照明灯相连， 导光束的另外一端延伸 至先端部。 将照明系统直接移入操作手柄内， 不需要再外接电源或者控制器， 结构简单。 而且没有控制器， 整机电流消耗小， 使用电池供电， 小型液晶显示 屏显示图像， 使得电子膀胱镜方便携带。 照明灯选用了小功率， 因此不需要专 门的散热系统， 仅靠操作手柄内部的金属件自然散热即可， 縮小了体积， 为制 造超细内窥镜制造了条件。 镜管的直径为 2〜7mm， 供电的电压 3〜12V， 不会对 人体构成威胁， 对医生和病人都十分的安全。 而且导光束直接由照明灯部分向 先端部延伸， 其长度只有原来的 1/3〜1/5， 导光束的长度大大縮短， 光衰减小， 提高了光亮度用来弥补灯泡功率减小造成的损失， 使输出照度维持原来水平。
照明灯与导光束的连接方法， 可以采用直接对接也可以采用聚光透镜耦合 连接。
作为一种优选， 所述的照明系统固定在操作手柄内的底板上， 照明系统包 括一固定照明灯和导光束的固定座， 固定座固定在底板上， 固定座的一端通过 压板连接有照明灯的基板， 在固定板内开始有一通孔， 在通孔内固定有导光束 固定管， 导光束位于导光束固定管内。 照明灯与导光束直接耦合， 在基板两端 面涂上导热硅脂，压板用导热性好的金属材料制造，各结合面光滑平整并压紧， 能把照明灯发出的热量尽快的传输到底板上， 提高散热性能。
作为更优选， 所述的照明灯位于通孔的一端， 照明灯外设有封装用透光胶， 照明灯与导光束位于同一直线上， 导光束的端部与照明灯相接。
导光束固定管可以通过紧配合固定在固定座内，也可以通过螺紋连接固定在 固定座内。作为更优选， 所述的固定座的侧面设有螺钉孔， 螺钉孔与通孔导通， 在螺钉孔内穿接紧定螺钉，紧定螺钉的端部抵接在导光束固定管的外圆周表面。 在紧定螺钉松开时， 导光束固定管可以在固定座内的通孔内轴向滑动， 当紧定 螺钉拧紧时， 导光束固定管被固定。 导光束固定管在固定座内轴向滑动， 可以 调整导光束与照明灯之间的距离， 从而使得输出的光亮度更合适。
作为另一种优选， 所述的照明系统固定在操作手柄内的底板上， 照明系统 包括一固定座， 固定座固定在底板上， 在固定座的一端通过压板固定有照明灯 基板， 照明灯固定在基板上， 在固定座上开设有通孔， 在通孔内设有透镜组， 在固定座的另一端固定有过渡套， 在过渡套内设有导通孔， 导通孔的一端与固 定座上的通孔连通， 导通孔内设有导光束固定管， 导光束位于导光束固定管内。 通过透镜组耦合连接， 可以得到更高的光输出强度， 导光束端面应位于透镜输 出的焦点上。 光路设计时为了縮小结构尺寸， 最后一片透镜端面至焦点的距离 为 15mm〜20mm。 通过固定座固定透镜组， 通过过渡套固定导光束固定管， 基 板通过压板固定在固定座上， 压板用导热性好的金属材料制造， 如纯铜、 铝等 材料。
作为更优选， 所述的固定座上的通孔为阶梯孔， 在通孔内设有用于调整透 镜组内各透镜距离的间圈， 所述的照明灯、 透镜组和导光束位于同一直线上， 照明灯与透镜组相接处的固定座的通孔呈圆台状， 朝向透镜组一端的通孔直径 大于朝向照明灯一端的通孔直径， 导光束端面位于透镜组输出的焦点上。 通孔 呈喇叭扩散状，可以方便照明灯的照明亮度由喇叭口照向透镜组的第一片透镜， 通过透镜后进行聚焦实现导光。 透镜组的是由四片正透镜构成， 各透镜之间通 过间圈确定相对位置关系并保持一定距离实现聚焦， 间圈还可以用于调整各个 镜片之间的距离， 实现不同焦距的聚焦。
作为更优选， 所述的过渡套的侧面设有螺钉孔， 螺钉孔与通孔导通， 在螺 钉孔内穿接紧定螺钉， 紧定螺钉的端部抵接在导光束固定管的外圆周表面。 通 过紧定螺钉来调整导光束固定管在过渡套通孔内的位置。
作为优选， 所述的照明灯为低功率 LED灯， LED灯的功率小于 1瓦。 照明 灯选用小功率的 LED灯， 在 LED固定的基板上连接有二引线， 在二引线上通 入直流电源， LED便发光， 发光强度达 700ml， 具体在应用时， 工作的正向压 降为 2.9V, 电流工作在 190— 200mA。 LED光源发热量小， 而且由于在小功率 下， 使用也更安全。
作为优选，所述的操作手柄包括操作主体和与镜管连接的操作部，在操作主 体上设有拨杆， 拨杆通过转轴固定在操作主体上， 拨杆通过绳索与镜管端部的 弯曲部相连， 所述的弯曲部采用蛇骨结构， 在先端部安装有 CMOS图像传感器 和光学镜头。 采用微型图像传感器， 图像清晰度高， 颜色逼真。 软质弯曲部可 以通过改变零件相对位置实现， 牵引绳索的两端分别固定在镜管端部的内壁的 两侧， 将绳索拉直， 使得绳索平行走在插入管内， 拨动拨杆， 绳索在的两端一 上一下， 牵引蛇骨做向上弯曲或向下弯曲运动， 最大弯曲角度与绳索的行程和 蛇骨的弯曲能力有关。 包覆在蛇骨外的弯曲皮， 是为了保护蛇骨， 防尘防水， 同时降低插入时的痛苦度。 镜管插入尿道内， 由于镜管的软质弯曲部的存在， 可以上下弯曲， 通过先端部将信号传输回来， 软质弯曲部的最大弯曲角度大于 180° ， 可以实现在膀胱内 "回头看 "的要求， 扩大了视场范围， 消除了观察的 盲区， 方便医生进行诊断， 同时， 将图像实时地通过图像输出构件输出到外部 的显示屏， 减轻了医生的劳动强度， 避免了误诊和漏诊情况的发生。 而且在操 作部上还设置了多个通道，可以插入器械进行手术， 同时可以通过吸引口吸液， 提高了膀胱镜的功能化和便利性。
作为优选， 所述的操作手柄包括操作主体和与镜管连接的操作部， 在操作 部上设有鲁尔接头， 在鲁尔接头上设有器械入口和输液口， 在操作主体上连接 有液晶显示器， 在液晶显示器内设有锂电池， 锂电池通过电线连接在照明灯安 装的基板上。 鲁尔接头上可以设置各种入口， 如器械入口和输液口， 活检钳、 异物钳、 导丝等手术器械从器械入口进入， 沿器械通道， 经插入部、 弯曲部和 先端部， 直至伸出镜外， 用来进行活检和其他的手术操作。 同时， 液体可以从 输液口注入或吸出。 当需要进行液体时进时出的手术操作时， 液体从输液口灌 进， 从操作手柄上方的吸出口吸出， 还可通过吸引开关来进行控制。 显示器上 的按钮是为了实现显示器的各种菜单功能， 如： "进入"、 "退出"、 "选择"、 "保 存"、 "删除"等等。 在显示器的一侧， 还设计有 SD卡口、 USB数据线口、 充 电口等。 分别实现插入 SD卡、 图像数据输出、 充电等功能。 在设备清洗、 保 养、 消毒时， 可以将鲁尔接头、 吸引开关和显示器都拆下， 在显示器接插端口， 盖上专用密封盖， 防止消毒时损坏设备。 显示器不适应液体浸泡式消毒方式。
因此， 本发明的便携式电子膀胱镜具备下述优点：
( 1 )、便携工作方式。工作方式的创新使整台设备可手持式操作， 无需电网 市电、 台式控制器、 专用冷光源、 专用监视器， 镜体没有电缆线、 软管、 光导 束与外界联接， 因此设备的使用不受场地的限制， 设备移动、 携带方便。
(2)、 结构简单， 设备成本低。 本发明产品抛弃了传统设计理念， 大幅度减 化结构， 降低了成本， 设备成本仅为现时产品的 1/5〜1/10， 有效减轻了医院、 患者的经济负担。
(3 )、 设备操作简单、 易学。 本发明产品安装快捷、 操作简单、 无需专门的 培训， 新手容易掌握。 对新型设备的推广有重要意义。
(4)、 安全性好。 本仪器内部最高工作电压仅为 5V， 不对人体构成威胁， 因此对医生或病人绝对安全。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的便携式电子膀胱镜的示意图。
图 2是图 1内的弯曲部弯曲结构示意图。
图 3是本发明的便携式电子膀胱镜的一种内部示意图。 图 4是图 3内的照明灯与导光束直接耦合的剖视结构的放大示意图。 图 5是本发明的便携式电子膀胱镜的另一种内部示意图。
图 6是图 5内的照明灯与导光束通过透镜组耦合的剖视结构的放大示意图。 实现本发明的最佳方法
下面通过实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一歩具体的说明。 实施例 1：
如图 1所示， 一种便携式电子膀胱镜， 包括镜管 1和与镜管 1相连的操作 手柄 2。 操作手柄 2包括与液晶显示器 3相连的操作主体 4和与镜管 1连接的 操作部 6。镜管 1是由先端部 7、软质弯曲部 8和插入部 9依次连接构成。镜管 1的直径为 5mm， 其程度为 380mm。 先端部 7安装有 CMOS图像传感器和光 学镜头， 软质弯曲部 8是由蛇骨结构形成的。 在操作主体 4上固定有拨杆 13 和液晶显示器 3， 在液晶显示器 3的背面安装有锂电池， 用于供电。在显示器 3 的一侧， 还有 SD卡口、 USB数据线口、 充电口等 （图中未画出）。 拨杆 13通 过转轴 11固定在操作主体 4上，拨杆 13通过牵引绳索 14与镜管端部的软质弯 曲部 8相连， 软质弯曲部 8采用蛇骨结构（如图 2所示）。在操作手柄 2内固定 有转轴 11， 在转轴 11上套接有转轮 12， 转轴 11外连接有拨杆 13， 在转轮 11 上绕接牵引绳索 14， 牵引绳索 14的两端固定在镜管 1内壁两侧， 在镜管 1 内 形成相互平行的两根牵引绳索 14， 在相互平行的牵引绳索 14外各设有一个导 轮 15， 两个导轮 15的轴线相互平行且对称分布， 两个导轮 15靠近转轮 12处， 将对牵引绳索 14起一个导向和拉紧的作用。在操作部 6上一体成型有一接头连 接座 10，在接头连接座 10上固定有鲁尔接头 5，在鲁尔接头 5上安装有一机械 入口 51和一输液口 52。
如图 3所示， 在操作手柄 2内固定有一 LED灯泡 16， LED灯泡 16的功率 为 0.5W, 工作定电流为 200mA， 发光强度为 700ml。在 LED灯泡 16下方有一 导光束 17， 导光束 17延伸至镜管的先端部 7。
如图 4所示， LED灯 16固定在基板 18上， 基板 18上的二引线 19连接在 显示器 3上的电池部分， 通过电池给 LED灯 16通入直流电流。基板 18上有一 压板 20， 压板 20通过螺钉 21固定在固定座 22上， 固定座 22通过螺钉 21固 定在底板 23上， 底板 23位于操作手柄内， 为一金属件。压板 20采用纯铜材料 制造， 保证各结合面平整光滑并压紧， 把 LED灯 16发出的热量尽快传输到底 板 23上， 通过底板 23的金属件自然散热。 在固定座 22的中心开设有一通孔 24， 通孔为阶梯孔， 通孔 24内安装有一导光束固定管 25， 在 LED灯 16—侧 的通孔直径大于导光束固定管 25的直径。容纳导光束固定管部分的通孔的直径 略大于导光束固定管 25的直径。 在固定座 22的侧面开设有一螺钉孔， 螺钉孔 内穿接有一紧定螺钉 26， 紧定螺钉 26的轴向与固定座 22的轴向相互垂直。 紧 定螺钉 26的端部抵接在导光束固定管 25的外壁上。在紧定螺钉 26松开时， 导 光束固定管 25可以在固定座 22内的通孔内轴向滑动， 当紧定螺钉拧紧 26时， 导光束固定管 25被固定。导光束固定管 25在固定座 22内轴向滑动，可以调整 导光束与 LED灯之间的距离， 从而使得输出的光亮度更合适。 通孔 24的一端 与 LED灯 16相接， 导光束固定管 25与 LED灯 16的中心线位于同一直线上， 在 LED灯 16的发光面上方用环氧树脂胶做成的透光胶制成一半球形的罩体， 实现封装。 导光束固定管 25 内有玻璃纤维或者塑料纤维制成的导光束 17， 导 光束 17端面尽量紧贴 LED灯 16的发光面， 已实现光输出最大。 实施例 2:
如图 5所示， 与实施例 1不同的是， 在操作手柄 2内固定有 LED灯 16， 在 LED灯 16下方安装有一透镜组 27， 在透镜组的下方安装有导光束 17。 如图 6所示， LED灯 16固定在基板 18上， 基板 18上引出的二引线 19连接在 显示器 3上的锂电池上。 基板 18上方有一压板 20， 压板 20通过螺钉 21固定 在固定座 22的上方， 固定座 22通过螺钉固定在操作手柄内的底板 23上。在固 定座 22内开设有一通孔 24， 通孔 24呈阶梯状， 在通孔内安装有由四片透镜构 成的透镜组 27， 透镜组 27内的各透镜的参数如下表所示：
Figure imgf000011_0001
LED灯 16与透镜组 27的最上方透镜之间的通孔部分为上窄下宽的喇叭状 通孔， 方便 LED光穿透透镜形成聚焦。 各透镜之间通过间套 28固定。 在固定 座 22的下方通过螺钉固定有过渡套 29，在过渡套 29内开设有一导通孔 30，在 导通孔 30内安装有一导光束固定管 25，在导光束固定管 25内有导光束 17， 导 光束 17位于透镜组 27的输出焦点上， 最下方的一片透镜端面至焦点的距离为 15mm。 在过渡套 29的侧面同样的也有一紧定螺钉 26， 紧定螺钉 26的端面抵 接在导光束固定管 25的外壁上。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种便携式电子膀胱镜， 包括镜管， 其特征在于： 所述的镜管连接有操作手 柄， 在操作手柄上连接有显示机构； 所述的镜管包括相互连接的插入部、 软质 弯曲部和先端部， 先端部设有镜头； 所述的操作手柄内设有照明系统， 所述的 照明系统包括照明灯和与照明灯连接的导光束， 导光束的一端与照明灯相连， 导光束的另外一端延伸至先端部。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述的照明系统固 定在操作手柄内的底板上， 照明系统包括一固定照明灯和导光束的固定座， 固 定座固定在底板上， 固定座的一端通过压板连接有照明灯的基板， 在固定板内 开始有一通孔， 在通孔内固定有导光束固定管， 导光束位于导光束固定管内。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述的照明灯位于 通孔的一端， 照明灯外设有封装用透光胶， 照明灯与导光束位于同一直线上， 导光束的端部与照明灯相接。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述的固定座的侧 面设有螺钉孔， 螺钉孔与通孔导通， 在螺钉孔内穿接紧定螺钉， 紧定螺钉的端 部抵接在导光束固定管的外圆周表面。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述的照明系统固 定在操作手柄内的底板上， 照明系统包括一固定座， 固定座固定在底板上， 在 固定座的一端通过压板固定有照明灯基板， 照明灯固定在基板上， 在固定座上 开设有通孔， 在通孔内设有透镜组， 在固定座的另一端固定有过渡套， 在过渡 套内设有导通孔， 导通孔的一端与固定座上的通孔连通， 导通孔内设有导光束 固定管， 导光束位于导光束固定管内。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述的固定座上的 通孔为阶梯孔， 在通孔内设有用于调整透镜组内各透镜距离的间圈， 所述的照 明灯、 透镜组和导光束位于同一直线上， 照明灯与透镜组相接处的固定座的通 孔呈圆台状， 朝向透镜组一端的通孔直径大于朝向照明灯一端的通孔直径， 导 光束端面位于透镜组输出的焦点上。
7. 根据权利要求 5所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述的过渡套的侧 面设有螺钉孔， 螺钉孔与通孔导通， 在螺钉孔内穿接紧定螺钉， 紧定螺钉的端 部抵接在导光束固定管的外圆周表面。
8. 根据权利要求 1至 7任意一项所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述 的照明灯为低功率 LED灯， LED灯的功率小于 1瓦。
9. 根据权利要求 1至 7任意一项所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所述 的操作手柄包括操作主体和与镜管连接的操作部， 在操作主体上设有拨杆， 拨 杆通过转轴固定在操作主体上， 拨杆通过绳索与镜管端部的弯曲部相连， 所述 的弯曲部采用蛇骨结构， 在先端部安装有 CMOS图像传感器和光学镜头。
10. 根据权利要求 1至 7任意一项所述的便携式电子膀胱镜， 其特征在于： 所 述的操作手柄包括操作主体和与镜管连接的操作部，在操作部上设有鲁尔接头， 在鲁尔接头上设有器械入口和输液口， 在操作主体上连接有液晶显示器， 在液 晶显示器内设有锂电池， 锂电池通过电线连接在照明灯安装的基板上。
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