WO2014016640A1 - Liquid snail combating agent and method and uses of same - Google Patents
Liquid snail combating agent and method and uses of same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014016640A1 WO2014016640A1 PCT/IB2012/053737 IB2012053737W WO2014016640A1 WO 2014016640 A1 WO2014016640 A1 WO 2014016640A1 IB 2012053737 W IB2012053737 W IB 2012053737W WO 2014016640 A1 WO2014016640 A1 WO 2014016640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- snail
- liquid
- combating agent
- combating
- liquid snail
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000661874 Arion lusitanicus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical group OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 22
- 241000137586 Ambigolimax valentianus Species 0.000 description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000004688 heptahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000004686 pentahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 ammoniac Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021073 macronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000632229 Arion vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000289659 Erinaceidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001508332 Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005956 Metaldehyde Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005951 Methiocarb Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095054 ammoniac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003050 macronutrient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- GKKDCARASOJPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N metaldehyde Chemical compound CC1OC(C)OC(C)OC(C)O1 GKKDCARASOJPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFBPRJGDJKVWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methiocarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC(C)=C(SC)C(C)=C1 YFBPRJGDJKVWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VXAPDXVBDZRZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid phosphoric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O.OP(O)(O)=O VXAPDXVBDZRZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- MKWYFZFMAMBPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium feredetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O MKWYFZFMAMBPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
Definitions
- Iberian slug which has the scientific name Arion lusitanicus, is known under various nicknames in various countries. In Great Britain it is called “Spanish slug”, in Germany “Kapuzinerschnecke”, in Denmark “drsbersnegl” or “Iberisk skovsnegl”, and in Sweden mordarsnigel . In the following the name Iberian slug is used.
- the Iberian slug is a dark brown over red to yellow colored naked snail having a length of 7-15 cm. It is able to move with a crawling speed of 5-9 m/h. It is normally dormant during the day, multiplies rapidly and is not particular about it's food. Fifty snails per square meter is not uncommon and in particular plagued gardens 20 to 100 snails or even more may be collected per day. A population can strip almost any green area or growth area of plants and vegetation rapidly, so farmers consider the Iberian slug a pest of a wide range of vegetable crops.
- Mechanical and/or electrical means are used to keep the Iberian slug out of green areas. Traps, electric fences, and manual collection are known measures to keep down the number. Upon contact with e.g. a copper tape barrier or electrical fence an electrical discharge is released through the Iberian slug, which is either repelled or chocked to death. Other killing measures are to pour boiling water over the slug or chop it into pieces. Dead Iberian slugs however attracts live Iberian slugs so these measures have no impact on the remainder of the population, on the contrary it may contribute to keep them alive. Another mechanical agent is a beer trap, thus a beer-containing container in which the Iberian slug drops and drown.
- poison and deterrent agents can be used in attempt to kill the Iberian slug to avoid damages to vegetation and crops.
- Chemicals typically in form of pellets, are spread over the affected area but need to be replaced after rain because of massive immigration from adjacent green areas.
- Some conventional chemicals used as bait are sodium iron EDTA, iron phosphate, copper sulphate, metaldehyde and methiocarb. These compunds are intended for eating causing the Iberian slug to become little mobile. During three to six days after intake the Iberian slug slowly die. Another way to kill the Iberians slug is to dust it with salt or drizzle with a saline to extract water, but this solution also result in very brutish destruction and very slow death.
- WO2010/123376 proposes a new material for combating the Iberia slug.
- an organic material such as peat or peat moss
- the chemicals are brought to crystallization in the organic material and crystallized poly ammonium phosphate with very long chain lengths is impregnated in the fibers and on surfaces of the organic material.
- the crystals have very low water-solubility, while also being slow to convert to nitrogen for bacteria.
- Ferramol® is the most frequently used agent used to combat snails. Ferramol® are blue-green pellets spread at distances of 10-15 cm on the affected area in dry weather to prevent immidiate migration to soil. Ferramol® contains lwt% ferric phosphat (9,9 g/kg) , vegetable carrier agents, e.g. flour, and bait agent to attract snails to ingest the pellets.
- the snail combating agent comprises at least one metallic salt soluble in water and at least one acidifying agent.
- the term “snail” includes snails with and without shells, thus the term snail is also intended to cover slugs. Snails with shells should have at least a portion of the "nude” snail blody exposed from the shell as a target for the snail combating agent to achieve fast killing or at least initiate progressive destruction. The higher percentage of nude target area the faster kill.
- Ferric phosphate used in conventional snail combating pellets are practically insoluble in water.
- metallic salts precipating in water in the presence of an acidifying agent are explicitly excluded.
- the novel liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention does not rely on inclusion on bait and/or the snails eating solid pellets of snail combating agent to meet a slow and very painfully death, or that the snails path coincidence with a pellet, band or fence. A snail may even succeed in navigating between prior art pellets or move to avoid band or fence.
- the liquid combating agent can be applied in an instant exterior to a single snail and thus be used for selective snail combating, or be applied substantially homogeneously to an affected green area in order to hit the body of the snails that have invaded said green area. No bait is required.
- the metallic salts serve as beneficial fertilizer compounds and have a beneficial supplemental fertilizing effect when spread over a larger area.
- a snail may even be spayed while eating a plant. Although an inferior scorching or burning of plant parts, such as leaves, may occur, the plant don't die. Inferior scorching is absolutely acceptable in view of alternatively having the whole plant eaten by the snail.
- the scorched plant recovers easily because the liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention is not a systemic agent. On the contrary the liquid snail combating agent acts instantaneously upon contact with the exterior surface of the snail subjects to which it is applied, e.g Iberian slugs.
- the inventive selective combating of snails is highly desirable in that non-target animals, such as inoffensive insects and other snails, utility animals or non-pest animals are left unattacked.
- a further advantage is that the dose of locally accumulated metallic salts are very low compared to when using solid snail combating pellets, However, even if animals, such as birds, sheep, hedgehogs, mice, rabbits, etc., as well as children eat vegetation sprayed or sprinkled with the liquid snail combating agent, the risk that the animal or child subsequently getting sick and/or die is negligible due to the small dose of active substances compared to the situation where animals or children by accident ingest the much higher dose provided by conventional solid pellets of snail combating chemicals, even though these pellets allegedly only is considered detrimental to the health of snails.
- the liquid snail combating agent may comprise at least two metallic salts or even three metallic salts, to ensure high efficiency against any snail species.
- Some snail species may me more susceptible to one metallic salt than to other metallic salts, and by combining metallic salts in the snail combating agent, said snail combating agent becomes substantially universal to all kinds of undesired pest snails.
- one metallic salt may be included in the liquid snail combating agent, or various combinations of two or more metallic salts can be included.
- Preferred metallic salts to be included in the liquid snail combating agent can be selected from the group comprising manganese, copper, and/or iron, all of which are known to be environmentally acceptable and constitute nutrients for vegetation. So when killing snails, using the liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention is accompanied by an advantageous fertilizing side benefit.
- the liquid snail combating agent may even be used as a fertilizer as a main purpose and as a side benefit obtain killing of snails.
- At least one of the metallic salts is a metallic sulphate, and even all metallic salts could be metallic sulphates to benefit from sulphur as a macronutrient .
- the total sulphur content of the liquid snail combating agent can preferably be high.
- Fertilizers containing sulphur can allow reduced nitrogen applications and research has showed that sulphur increases the efficiency of nitrogen fertiliser by reducing leaching and denitrification [Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol.
- sulphuric acid By also using sulphuric acid as the acidifying agent a further sulphur source can be included in the liquid snail combating agent.
- Undue top dressing rate with nitrate fertilizers has created concerns about keeping nitrate out of drinking water supplies, because nitrate leaches downward with percolating water and contaminate groundwater supplies.
- nitric acid is a less preferred alternative to sulphuric acid.
- Contrary to nitrate phosphates are not prone to leach into groundwater, but although phosphorus is one of the macronutrients essential for plant growth inclusion of phosphorus seen from a snail combating perspective, as in present invention, is not attractive because of extremely low water solubility.
- phosphoric acid is not a preferred alternative to sulphuric acid either.
- pH of the liquid snail combating agent preferably shall be equal to or below 7, such as equal to or below 6, or even such as equal to or below 5 in order to induce fast and considerate killing and destruction of the snail.
- the liquid snail combating agent may comprise sugar (s), which is particular desired if the fertilizer properties are highly relevant and also aimed for.
- sugar s
- sugar is used in the present application to cover various carbohydrates, such as for example water soluble polysaccharides such as starch and molasses, to monosaccharide, such as glucose or fructose. This list names just examples of sugars and must not be seen as exhaustive.
- Carbohydrates are important to relieve plant stress, such as stress inflicted by scorching and burning a plant part as a consequence of a snail on this plant has been combated by local, substantially selective, application of the liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention .
- the liquid snail combating agent may nevertheless expediently comprise auxiliary ingredients selected among chemical compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, and combinations thereof, provided that such auxiliary ingredients are soluble when added to the liquid snail combating agent.
- the liquid snail combating agent preferably is a clear liquid, which in the context of the present invention is to be understood as a true dissolution of chemical compounds that do not precipitate at temperatures higher than or equal to -10°.
- a clear liquid can easily be sprinkled or sprayed using various kinds of application means with nozzle means, such as atomizer nozzles, liquid spray diffusers, spray diffusers, or spraying nozzles to thereby achieve a high degree of spreading of the active components, i.e. at least the metallic salts and the acidifying agent. Due to spraying a clear liquid, precipitates are absent and do not trigger clogging or obstruction of the nozzle agent during spraying.
- a highly effective embodiment of the liquid snail combating agent may comprise manganese sulphate, cupper sulphate, ferro ( I I ) sulphate or ferric ( III ) sulphate, sulphuric acid, and sugars dissolved in water.
- the liquid snail combating agent may comprise between 0,1-12,5 wt% manganese, however depending on snail species and the vegetation on which the snails live and/or eat, smaller amounts may suffice or be appropriate, e.g. between 0.2 - 8 wt% manganese, or between 0.4 - 5 wt% manganese, or even between 0.5 - 1.5 wt% manganese.
- the liquid snail combating agent may comprise between 0.0001 - 8 wt% cupper, but smaller amounts will do for some purposes, such as between 0.0005 - 4 wt% cupper, or between 0.0008 - 1 wt% cupper, or even as low as between 0.001 - 0.1 wt% cupper.
- the broad iron content interval may be between 0.05 - 3.1 wt% iron, although content may also be lower, such as between 0.075 - 2.5 wt%, or between 0.085 - 2 wt%, or even as low as between 0.1 - 1.5 wt% iron.
- the ingredients of the liquid snail combating agent can be selected as fertilizer ingredients in fertilizing amounts to provide the liquid snail combating agent as a multifunctional agent having both various fertilizer properties as well as the snail combating effect.
- the liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention has been proven particular effective in combating slugs, that have a very large exposed target area for the agent.
- the Iberian slug can be sprayed isolated from other snails of no concern at a certain green area or for a certain crop or other kind of vegetation.
- the invention further relates to a method of combating snails, which method comprises the steps of
- a preferred way of applying the liquid snail combating agent in step b) to snail (s) may be spraying.
- a nozzle means providing a suitable spraying cone may ensure that most of the snail (s) is/are hit by the liquid snail combating agent so as to initiate destruction and killing.
- snail (s) are sprayed one after another, preferably using a selective dose between 0.5-10 ml of the liquid snail combating agent per snail . Spraying this way also increases the chance of hitting at least a part of the snail and the dose of chemicals given to the vegetation or ground below or adjacent the snail can be controlled and isolated if desired.
- Selective spraying may be found particular useful by garden owners, gardeners, in greeneries, in window boxes, centers of horticulture, etc.
- Selective spraying is also particular useful on small areas and/on in association with valuable plants or crops.
- Any atomizer or sprayer can be used, including but not limited to garden sprayers, spray cans or spray bottles. In the absence of such means the liquid snail combating agent can even be poured on the snail or the snail can be sprinkled.
- step b) can be made by overall spraying, typically by applying a dose of between 100 - 800
- liquid snail combating agent is intended for combating snails but has an inherent fertilizer property. Accordingly the liquid snail combating agent can be used as a combined snail combating agent and fertilizer.
- Exemplary uses include use on snail affected green areas, for example green areas affected with Iberian slug. Larger green areas can be any, including but not limited to a golf course, a stadium, a garden or an agricultural field.
- Main ingredients are listed in the following recipes. Depending on the kind of vegetation the snails live on various compositions of the liquid snail combating agent can be used in order to also benefit from the fertilizer properties. All recipes are exemplary and additional ingredients such as fertilizer micronutrient can be included as desired without affecting snail-killing effect.
- a nitrogen source such as urea can be added in amounts up to 15.6 wt%, and phosphorous added in amounts up to 5 wt%, preferably as phosphoric acid.
- Nutrient content in kg applied by overall spraying at 550 kg/ha is indicated.
- the typical dose is as claimed, e.g. 1 ml for a small slug of 3-5 cm, 2 ml for a medium slug of 6-10 cm, and between 3-5 ml for a large slug of 13-15 cm.
- Antifungal fertilizer
- the above weight percentages are calculated based on solubility in water at a temperature of 0°C and any combination of one or more of manganese, copper and iron are intended within the scope of the present invention.
- a liquid snail combating agent comprising at least one metallic salt soluble in water and at least one acidifying agent serves to kill snails.
- the liquid snail combating agent is particular effective on slugs, in particular the Iberian slug. Snails can be killed to 100% efficiency either selectively or by overall spraying.
- the liquid agent has an inherent advantageous fertilizer property, so that the consumer only need to by one product to obtain both properties. No chemicals being health impairing to human and domestic pets are used. Poison is not used.
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Abstract
A liquid snail combating agent comprises at least one metallic salt soluble in water and at least one acidifying agent serves to kill snails. The liquid snail combating agent is particular effective on Arion lusitanicus. Snails can be killed to 100% efficiency either selectively or by overall spraying. The liquid agent has an inherent advantageous fertilizer property, so that the consumer only need to by one product to obtain both properties.
Description
Liquid snail combating agent and method and uses of same
The invasion of Iberian slugs or Iberian snails has become a still increasing problem in horticulture and agriculture. The Iberian slug, which has the scientific name Arion lusitanicus, is known under various nicknames in various countries. In Great Britain it is called "Spanish slug", in Germany "Kapuzinerschnecke", in Denmark "drsbersnegl" or "Iberisk skovsnegl", and in Sweden mordarsnigel . In the following the name Iberian slug is used.
The Iberian slug is a dark brown over red to yellow colored naked snail having a length of 7-15 cm. It is able to move with a crawling speed of 5-9 m/h. It is normally dormant during the day, multiplies rapidly and is not particular about it's food. Fifty snails per square meter is not uncommon and in particular plagued gardens 20 to 100 snails or even more may be collected per day. A population can strip almost any green area or growth area of plants and vegetation rapidly, so farmers consider the Iberian slug a pest of a wide range of vegetable crops.
Mechanical and/or electrical means are used to keep the Iberian slug out of green areas. Traps, electric fences, and manual collection are known measures to keep down the number. Upon contact with e.g. a copper tape barrier or electrical fence an electrical discharge is released through the Iberian slug, which is either repelled or chocked to death. Other killing measures are to pour boiling water over the slug or chop it into pieces. Dead Iberian slugs however attracts live Iberian slugs so these measures have no impact on the remainder of the population, on the contrary it may contribute to keep them alive. Another mechanical agent is a beer trap, thus a beer-containing container in which the Iberian slug drops and drown.
Alternatively, poison and deterrent agents can be used in attempt to kill the Iberian slug to avoid damages to vegetation and crops. Chemicals, typically in form of pellets, are spread over the affected area but need to be replaced after rain because of massive immigration from adjacent green areas. Some conventional chemicals used as bait are sodium iron EDTA, iron phosphate, copper sulphate, metaldehyde and methiocarb. These compunds are intended for eating causing the Iberian slug to become little mobile. During three to six days after intake the Iberian slug slowly die. Another way to kill the Iberians slug is to dust it with salt or drizzle with a saline to extract water, but this solution also result in very brutish destruction and very slow death. International patent application no. WO2010/123376 proposes a new material for combating the Iberia slug. To prevent migration of chemical into the ground subsequent to rain, an organic material, such as peat or peat moss, is impregnated with a liquid made of water, ammoniac, phosphoric acid and diammonium phosphate whereon water is evaporated so that heavy water-soluble poly ammonium phosphate is crystallized in and on the organic particular matter. The chemicals are brought to crystallization in the organic material and crystallized poly ammonium phosphate with very long chain lengths is impregnated in the fibers and on surfaces of the organic material. The crystals have very low water-solubility, while also being slow to convert to nitrogen for bacteria. The preparation and materials known from this international patent application is intended for long term sustained release and suffers from the disadvantage of being inappropriate for instant killing of the Iberian slug pest and that high concentrations of the active substances are accummulated on a single spot to be passed by the Iberian slug. Ferramol® is the most frequently used agent used to combat snails. Ferramol® are blue-green pellets spread at distances
of 10-15 cm on the affected area in dry weather to prevent immidiate migration to soil. Ferramol® contains lwt% ferric phosphat (9,9 g/kg) , vegetable carrier agents, e.g. flour, and bait agent to attract snails to ingest the pellets.
Thus it is a main aspect of the present invention to provide a novel chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph, in particular an Iberian slug combatting agent.
It is a second aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that kill pests, in particular kills Iberian slugs, without the pests need to eat the combatting agent.
It is a third aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that kill the pests faster than known agents for same purposes.
It is a fourth aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that can be applied locally to the pests. It is a fifth aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that does not negatively affect other animal habitants in the pest affected areas when a chemical pest combatting agent is applied to the pest.
It is a fifth aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that does not leave lon-lasting noticable pest traces.
It is a sixth aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that is environmental acceptable. It is a seventh aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that has at least one additional beneficial property . It is a eigth aspect of the present invention to provide a chemical pest combatting agent of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph that is applied exterior to the pest.
The novel and unique whereby these and other aspects are achieved according to the present invention consist in that the snail combating agent comprises at least one metallic salt soluble in water and at least one acidifying agent.
When used in the present application the term "snail" includes snails with and without shells, thus the term snail is also intended to cover slugs. Snails with shells should have at least a portion of the "nude" snail blody exposed from the shell as a target for the snail combating agent to achieve fast killing or at least initiate progressive destruction. The higher percentage of nude target area the faster kill.
Ferric phosphate used in conventional snail combating pellets are practically insoluble in water. In the present invention metallic salts precipating in water in the presence of an acidifying agent are explicitly excluded.
Metallic salts dissolved in an acidic solvent have proven very effective in killing snails. Contrary to the above known solid chemical snail combating agent the novel liquid snail combating agent according to the
present invention does not rely on inclusion on bait and/or the snails eating solid pellets of snail combating agent to meet a slow and very painfully death, or that the snails path coincidence with a pellet, band or fence. A snail may even succeed in navigating between prior art pellets or move to avoid band or fence. Instead the liquid combating agent can be applied in an instant exterior to a single snail and thus be used for selective snail combating, or be applied substantially homogeneously to an affected green area in order to hit the body of the snails that have invaded said green area. No bait is required. The metallic salts serve as beneficial fertilizer compounds and have a beneficial supplemental fertilizing effect when spread over a larger area. A snail may even be spayed while eating a plant. Although an inferior scorching or burning of plant parts, such as leaves, may occur, the plant don't die. Inferior scorching is absolutely acceptable in view of alternatively having the whole plant eaten by the snail. The scorched plant recovers easily because the liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention is not a systemic agent. On the contrary the liquid snail combating agent acts instantaneously upon contact with the exterior surface of the snail subjects to which it is applied, e.g Iberian slugs. The inventive selective combating of snails is highly desirable in that non-target animals, such as inoffensive insects and other snails, utility animals or non-pest animals are left unattacked. A further advantage is that the dose of locally accumulated metallic salts are very low compared to when using solid snail combating pellets, However, even if animals, such as birds, sheep, hedgehogs, mice, rabbits, etc., as well as children eat vegetation sprayed or sprinkled with the liquid snail combating agent, the risk that the animal or child subsequently getting sick and/or die is negligible due to the small dose of active substances compared to the situation where animals or children by accident ingest the
much higher dose provided by conventional solid pellets of snail combating chemicals, even though these pellets allegedly only is considered detrimental to the health of snails. When the liquid snail combating agent is applied to the snail's body the snail begins to secrete slime, wriggles slightly, and death occurs within few minutes depending on the size of the snail. The treated snail can then just be left on the site of death because it will rapidly shrink to almost nothing. When the snail has shrunk substantially no traces are left and if traces are left such traces migrate into the soil or is comminuted, disintegrated or cut into pieces by lawn cutters, other garden tools, or agricultural machinery. Contrary to snails combated with conventional snail combating agents the dead snail combated in accordance with the present invention becomes disgusting and repulsive to other snails. Thus dead snails do not serve as bait to trigger an invasion of live snails as when using many conventional agents for combating snails.
In a preferred embodiment the liquid snail combating agent may comprise at least two metallic salts or even three metallic salts, to ensure high efficiency against any snail species. Some snail species may me more susceptible to one metallic salt than to other metallic salts, and by combining metallic salts in the snail combating agent, said snail combating agent becomes substantially universal to all kinds of undesired pest snails. So one metallic salt may be included in the liquid snail combating agent, or various combinations of two or more metallic salts can be included. Preferred metallic salts to be included in the liquid snail combating agent can be selected from the group comprising manganese, copper, and/or iron, all of which are known to be environmentally acceptable and constitute nutrients for vegetation. So when killing snails, using the liquid snail combating agent according to the
present invention is accompanied by an advantageous fertilizing side benefit.
The liquid snail combating agent may even be used as a fertilizer as a main purpose and as a side benefit obtain killing of snails.
It is preferred that at least one of the metallic salts is a metallic sulphate, and even all metallic salts could be metallic sulphates to benefit from sulphur as a macronutrient . Thus the total sulphur content of the liquid snail combating agent can preferably be high. With reduced emissions of sulphur from factories, the need for sulphur applications in many areas has increased. Fertilizers containing sulphur can allow reduced nitrogen applications and research has showed that sulphur increases the efficiency of nitrogen fertiliser by reducing leaching and denitrification [Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 135 (2000); The effect of sulphur application on the efficiency of nitrogen use in two contrasting grassland soils; Brown, L., Scholefield, D., Jewkes, E. C, Preedy, N., Wadge, K. J., Butler, M. R.].
By also using sulphuric acid as the acidifying agent a further sulphur source can be included in the liquid snail combating agent. Undue top dressing rate with nitrate fertilizers has created concerns about keeping nitrate out of drinking water supplies, because nitrate leaches downward with percolating water and contaminate groundwater supplies. Thus nitric acid is a less preferred alternative to sulphuric acid. Contrary to nitrate phosphates are not prone to leach into groundwater, but although phosphorus is one of the macronutrients essential for plant growth inclusion of phosphorus seen from a snail combating perspective, as in present invention, is not attractive because of extremely low water solubility. Thus phosphoric acid is not a preferred alternative to sulphuric acid either.
Experiments has shown that pH of the liquid snail combating agent preferably shall be equal to or below 7, such as equal to or below 6, or even such as equal to or below 5 in order to induce fast and considerate killing and destruction of the snail.
The liquid snail combating agent may comprise sugar (s), which is particular desired if the fertilizer properties are highly relevant and also aimed for. The term "sugar" is used in the present application to cover various carbohydrates, such as for example water soluble polysaccharides such as starch and molasses, to monosaccharide, such as glucose or fructose. This list names just examples of sugars and must not be seen as exhaustive. Carbohydrates are important to relieve plant stress, such as stress inflicted by scorching and burning a plant part as a consequence of a snail on this plant has been combated by local, substantially selective, application of the liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention .
For some applications where the fertilizing side effect is cultivated in synergy with the snail killing effect the liquid snail combating agent may nevertheless expediently comprise auxiliary ingredients selected among chemical compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, and combinations thereof, provided that such auxiliary ingredients are soluble when added to the liquid snail combating agent.
The liquid snail combating agent preferably is a clear liquid, which in the context of the present invention is to be understood as a true dissolution of chemical compounds that do not precipitate at temperatures higher than or equal to -10°. A clear liquid can easily be sprinkled or sprayed using various kinds of application means with nozzle means, such as atomizer nozzles, liquid spray diffusers, spray diffusers, or spraying nozzles to thereby achieve a high degree of spreading of the
active components, i.e. at least the metallic salts and the acidifying agent. Due to spraying a clear liquid, precipitates are absent and do not trigger clogging or obstruction of the nozzle agent during spraying.
A highly effective embodiment of the liquid snail combating agent may comprise manganese sulphate, cupper sulphate, ferro ( I I ) sulphate or ferric ( III ) sulphate, sulphuric acid, and sugars dissolved in water.
According to the invention the liquid snail combating agent may comprise between 0,1-12,5 wt% manganese, however depending on snail species and the vegetation on which the snails live and/or eat, smaller amounts may suffice or be appropriate, e.g. between 0.2 - 8 wt% manganese, or between 0.4 - 5 wt% manganese, or even between 0.5 - 1.5 wt% manganese.
Similar conditions apply for other ingredients, also in dependency of purpose and target. Thus the liquid snail combating agent may comprise between 0.0001 - 8 wt% cupper, but smaller amounts will do for some purposes, such as between 0.0005 - 4 wt% cupper, or between 0.0008 - 1 wt% cupper, or even as low as between 0.001 - 0.1 wt% cupper. Similarly the broad iron content interval may be between 0.05 - 3.1 wt% iron, although content may also be lower, such as between 0.075 - 2.5 wt%, or between 0.085 - 2 wt%, or even as low as between 0.1 - 1.5 wt% iron. Thus as indicated above the ingredients of the liquid snail combating agent can be selected as fertilizer ingredients in fertilizing amounts to provide the liquid snail combating agent as a multifunctional agent having both various fertilizer properties as well as the snail combating effect.
The liquid snail combating agent according to the present invention has been proven particular effective in combating slugs, that have a very large exposed target area for the agent. In particular the Iberian slug can be sprayed isolated from other snails of no concern at a certain green area or for a certain crop or other kind of vegetation.
Only small amount of metallic salts are required making the novel liquid snail combating agent an inexpensive means to kill snails fast and effectively. Environmental contamination is not seen and snails need not be collected after death because dead bodies become assimilated by nature and do not affect fundamental balance of the environment. The invention further relates to a method of combating snails, which method comprises the steps of
a) providing the liquid snail combating agent described above, and
b) applying the liquid snail combating agent to snail (s) .
A preferred way of applying the liquid snail combating agent in step b) to snail (s) may be spraying. A nozzle means providing a suitable spraying cone may ensure that most of the snail (s) is/are hit by the liquid snail combating agent so as to initiate destruction and killing. Preferably snail (s) are sprayed one after another, preferably using a selective dose between 0.5-10 ml of the liquid snail combating agent per snail . Spraying this way also increases the chance of hitting at least a part of the snail and the dose of chemicals given to the vegetation or ground below or adjacent the snail can be controlled and isolated if desired. Selective spraying may be found particular useful by garden owners, gardeners, in greeneries, in window boxes, centers of horticulture, etc. Selective spraying is also particular useful on small areas
and/on in association with valuable plants or crops. Any atomizer or sprayer can be used, including but not limited to garden sprayers, spray cans or spray bottles. In the absence of such means the liquid snail combating agent can even be poured on the snail or the snail can be sprinkled.
Alternatively application in step b) can be made by overall spraying, typically by applying a dose of between 100 - 800
1/ha, typically using an agricultural sprayer; (1/ha = liters/hectare) .
In summary the liquid snail combating agent is intended for combating snails but has an inherent fertilizer property. Accordingly the liquid snail combating agent can be used as a combined snail combating agent and fertilizer.
Exemplary uses include use on snail affected green areas, for example green areas affected with Iberian slug. Larger green areas can be any, including but not limited to a golf course, a stadium, a garden or an agricultural field.
Examples of recipes : The below recipe example are made using the raw compound materials listed in below Table 1.
Main ingredients are listed in the following recipes. Depending on the kind of vegetation the snails live on various compositions of the liquid snail combating agent can be used in order to also benefit from the fertilizer properties. All recipes are exemplary and additional ingredients such as fertilizer micronutrient can be included as desired without affecting snail-killing effect. Optionally a nitrogen source, such as urea can be added in amounts up to 15.6 wt%, and
phosphorous added in amounts up to 5 wt%, preferably as phosphoric acid.
In rare cases potassium and magnesium can be added however such solutions are not clear and need to be spread immediate in order to avoid formation of crystals.
Nutrient content in kg applied by overall spraying at 550 kg/ha is indicated. In case a selective dose is applied on one snail after another the typical dose is as claimed, e.g. 1 ml for a small slug of 3-5 cm, 2 ml for a medium slug of 6-10 cm, and between 3-5 ml for a large slug of 13-15 cm.
Recipe Example 1 :
Compound(s) kg/10.000 kg Nutrient (kg) applied at 550 kg/ha
Water 8998.8
Copper sulphate, penta hydrate 1 .2 Cu: 0.0165
Sulphuric acid 95-98 % 1000 S: 16.5
Total 10000
Declaration: Cu 0.003 wt%
S 3.0 wt%
pH < 7
Snail killing effect: 100%
Inherent and/or additional effect: Antifungal, fertilizer
Recipe Example 2 :
Recipe Example 3 :
Compound(s) kg/10.000 kg Nutrient (kg) applied at 550 kg/ha
Water 9088
Manganese sulphate, monohydrate 312 Mn: 5.5
lron(ll)sulphate, hepta hydrate 100 Fe: 1 .1
Sulphuric acid 95-98 % 500 S: 1 1 .44
Total 10000
Declaration: Mn 1 .0 wt%
Fe 0.2 wt%
S 2.20 wt%
pH < 7
Snail killing effect: 100%
Inherent and/or additional effect:
Antifungal and preserve plant color; Inhibiting and prophylactic of take-all of cereals; fertilizer
Recipe Example 4 :
Recipe Example 5 :
Compound(s) kg/10.000 kg Nutrient (kg) applied at 550 kg/ha
Water 8426
Sugar 167
Manganese sulphate, monohydrate 156 Mn: 2.75
Copper sulphate, penta hydrate 1 .2 Cu: 0.001 65
lron(ll)sulphate, hepta hydrate 750 Fe: 8.25
Sulphuric acid 95-98 % 500 S: 14.63
Total -10000
Declaration: Mn 0.5 wt%
Fe 1 .5 wt%
Cu 0.003 wt%
S 2.66 wt%
pH < 7
Snail killing effect: 100%
Inherent and/or additional effect: Antifungal ; fertilizer
Example 6 :
Recipe Example 7 :
Compound(s) kg/10.000 kg Nutrient (kg) applied at 550 kg/ha
Water 8520
Sugar 167
Manganese sulphate, monohydrate 312 Mn: 5.5
Copper sulphate, penta hydrate 1 .2 Cu: 0.001 65
lron(ll)sulphate, hepta hydrate 500 Fe: 5.5
Sulphuric acid 95-98 % 500 S: 14.63
Total -10.000
Declaration: Mn 1 .0 wt%
Fe 1 .0 wt%
Cu 0.003 wt%
S 2.66 wt%
pH < 7
Snail killing effect: 100%
Inherent and/or additional effect: Antifungal ; fertilizer
Recipe Example 8 :
Compound(s) kg/10.000 kg Nutrient (kg) applied at 550 kg/ha
Water 7589
Urea N 1087 N : 27.5
Sugar 167
Manganese sulphate, monohydrate 156 Mn: 2.75
Copper sulphate, penta hydrate 1 .2 Cu: 0.001 65
lron(ll)sulphate, hepta hydrate 500 Fe: 5.5
Sulphuric acid 95-98 % 500 S: 13.0
Total -10.000
Declaration: N 5.0 wt%
Mn 0.5 wt%
Fe 1 .0 wt%
Cu 0.003 wt%
S 2.37 wt%
pH < 7
Snail killing effect: 100%
Inherent and/or additional effect: Antifungal ; fertilizer Recipe Example 9 :
Compound(s) kg/10.000 kg Nutrient (kg) applied at 550 kg/ha
Water 7187
Urea N 652 16.5
Sugar 167
Manganese sulphate, monohydrate 156 Mn: 2.75
Copper sulphate, penta hydrate 1 .2 Cu: 0.001 65
lron(ll)sulphate, hepta hydrate 500 Fe: 5.5
Sulphuric acid 95-98 % 500 S: 13.0
Phosphoric acid 836.8 P: 1 1 .0
Total 10.000
Declaration: N 3.0 wt%
Mn 0.5 wt%
Fe 1 .0 wt%
Cu 0.003 wt%
S 2.37 wt%
pH < 7
Snail killing effect: 100%
Inherent and/or additional effect: Antifungal ; fertilizer
The above weight percentages are calculated based on solubility in water at a temperature of 0°C and any combination of one or more of manganese, copper and iron are intended within the scope of the present invention.
Note that the above examples are non-limiting and amounts of ingredients can be varied within limits determined by experiments relating to killing efficiency. Effective combinations of ingredients and weight percentages can, given the disclosure of the present application, easily be established making simple test on various snail species and vegetation .
All ingredients are common in fertilizers and have no negative impact on the environment when used in accordance with the present invention to kill and destroy snails, in particular to kill the Iberian snail. A liquid snail combating agent comprising at least one metallic salt soluble in water and at least one acidifying agent serves to kill snails. The liquid snail combating agent is particular effective on slugs, in particular the Iberian slug. Snails can be killed to 100% efficiency either selectively or by overall spraying. The liquid agent has an inherent advantageous fertilizer property, so that the consumer only need to by one product to obtain both properties. No chemicals being health impairing to human and domestic pets are used. Poison is not used.
In an alternative embodiment of a liquid snail combating agent to the composition discussed above the ingredients is solely sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid, as exemplified below.
Recipe Example 10:
Claims
1. A liquid snail combating agent characterised in that the snail combating agent comprises at least one metallic salt soluble in water and at least one acidifying agent.
2. A liquid snail combating agent according to claim 1, characterised in that the snail combating agent comprises at least two metallic salts.
3. A liquid snail combating agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the snail combating agent comprises at least three metallic salts.
4. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the claims 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that metallic salts are selected from the group comprising manganese, copper, and/or iron.
5. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 4, characterised in that at least one of the metallic salts is a metallic sulphate.
6. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 5, characterised in that all metallic salts are metallic sulphates.
7. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 6, characterised in that the acidifying agent is sulphuric acid.
8. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 7, characterised in that pH of the liquid snail combating agent is equal to or below 7, alternatively equal to or below 6, alternatively equal to or below 5.
9. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 8, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises sugar.
A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 9, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises auxiliary ingredients selected among chemical compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, and combinations thereof .
A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 - 10, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent is a clear liquid.
A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 - 11, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises manganese sulphate, cupper sulphate, ferro ( I I ) sulphate or ferric ( III ) sulphate, sulphuric acid, and sugar (s) dissolved in water.
13. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 4 - 12, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises between 0.1 - 12.5 wt% manganese .
14. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 4 - 13, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises between 0.5 - 1.5 wt% manganese .
15. A liquid snail combating agent according to to any of the preceding claims 4 - 14, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises between 0.0001 - 8 wt% cupper .
16. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 4 - 15, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises between 0.001 - 0.1 wt% cupper .
17. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 4 - 16, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises between 0.05 - 3.1 wt% iron.
18. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 4 - 17, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent comprises between 0.1 - 1.5 wt% iron.
19. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 18, characterised in that the ingredients of the liquid snail combating agent are selected as fertilizer ingredients in fertilizing amounts .
20. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 19, characterised in that the liquid snail combating agent is a liquid slug combating agent.
21. A liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 20, characterised in that the snail is Arion lusitanicus .
22. A method of combating snails characterised in that the method comprises the steps of
a) providing the liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 21, and b) applying the liquid snail combating agent to snail ( s ) .
A method according to claim 22, characterised in that in step b) the liquid is applied to snail (s) by spraying.
24. A method according to any of the claims 22 or 23, characterised in that snail (s) are sprayed one after another .
25. A method according to any of the claims 22, 23 or 24, characterised in that a selective dose applied in step b) is between 0.5-10 ml of the liquid snail combating agent per snail .
26. A method according to any of the claims 22 or 23, characterised in that application in step b) is made by overall spraying.
27. A method according to claim 26, characterised in that in step b) the liquid snail combating agent is applied at a dose of 100 1/ha - 800 1/ha.
28. A method according to any of the preceding claims 22 - 27, characterised in that the snail is Arion lusitanicus.
29. Use of the liquid according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 21 as a combined snail combating agent and fertilizer .
30. Use according to claim 29 on snail-affected green areas.
31. Use according to any of claims 29 or 30 on green areas affected with Arion lusitanicus.
32. Use according to any of the claims 29, 30 or 31 characterised in that the green area is a golf course, a stadium, a garden, or an agricultural field.
A sprayer or atomizer means comprising the liquid snail combating agent according to any of the preceding claims 1 - 21.
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| EP3653053A1 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-20 | Innovark Area, S.L. | Composition for eradicating the apple snail pest |
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| WO1993007754A1 (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-04-29 | Sheen Biotechnology Pty Ltd | Pesticide and fungicide |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3653053A1 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-20 | Innovark Area, S.L. | Composition for eradicating the apple snail pest |
| CN110864928A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-06 | 宁波工程学院 | Project-based robot experiment platform and experiment method |
| CN110864928B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-05-04 | 宁波工程学院 | Project-based robot experiment platform and experiment method |
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