WO2014005838A1 - Dispositif de pose d'œillets - Google Patents

Dispositif de pose d'œillets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014005838A1
WO2014005838A1 PCT/EP2013/062722 EP2013062722W WO2014005838A1 WO 2014005838 A1 WO2014005838 A1 WO 2014005838A1 EP 2013062722 W EP2013062722 W EP 2013062722W WO 2014005838 A1 WO2014005838 A1 WO 2014005838A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
eye
fiber
strand
holding element
segment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/062722
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Kun
Original Assignee
Voith Patent Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent Gmbh filed Critical Voith Patent Gmbh
Publication of WO2014005838A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014005838A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure, in particular formed as a semi-finished fiber product, for a fiber-plastic composite, with at least one fiber layer, in which at least one opening is arranged.
  • Fiber-plastic composite materials are currently experiencing increasing use as construction materials. They are constructed essentially of fibrous structures which are embedded in a matrix, in particular in a plastic matrix. As a result of the use of fibrous structures, the construction material thus obtained can have a direction-dependent elasticity behavior, so that a desired load-bearing capacity can be specifically designed thereby.
  • woven fiber structures such as woven or knitted fabrics
  • non-woven fiber structures such as nonwovens
  • the present invention is now concerned with the problem for a 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure, in particular formed as a fiber-semifinished product, or for to provide a fiber-plastic composite with at least one opening an improved or at least one alternative embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a high load capacity in the region of at least one opening. According to the invention, this problem is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • an eye-laying apparatus for forming a first eye enclosing an opening in a fiber layer of a fiber-composite semifinished fiber according to nautical knot knowledge from a first sub-strand of a fiber strand tapered to the opening.
  • the eye-laying device may have a head with at least one head segment, a body with at least one body segment and a holding device with at least one first holding element.
  • the first holding element of the first sub-strand can be kept at a rotation of the body about its axis of rotation in a predetermined first peripheral portion of a carcass segment, wherein transferred by means of at least one throw over the head of the first sub-strand in the first eye according to the nautical knot customer becomes.
  • the enclosure of at least one opening with an eye which is formed from a sub-strand of the fiber strand, on the one hand, that the running on the at least one opening to ongoing fiber strand, for example, through a hole and thus a weak point in the fiber Plastic composite is introduced and on the other hand is reinforced by the eye of the fiber-plastic composite just in the highly loaded area of the opening additionally.
  • unidirectional fiber layers can be advantageously reduced by the enclosure of the at least one opening with an eye incipient material failure in the region of the opening and the desired directional elasticity behavior can be constructed without representing in the fiber-plastic composite openings represent a predetermined breaking point.
  • the design complexity in the production of the 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure, as well as the resulting fiber-plastic composite can be significantly reduced by such a border of the opening.
  • a lower post-processing of the fiber-plastic composite is necessary because the opening already in the 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure is formed.
  • the opening no longer needs to be drilled, but only slightly reworked.
  • a targeted reinforcement of the opening can be constructed by a specific selection of the extension or the thickness of the fiber strand or of the partial strand from which the eye is formed.
  • a desired load capacity can be selectively produced, among other things, the opening and the areas surrounding the opening.
  • a 1-dimensional fiber structure is to be understood as meaning a fiber structure in which the extent of the fiber structure in the direction of the width and the height in relation to the extension of the fiber structure in the direction of the length is negligible. In other words, the extension of the fiber structure in the direction of the length is predominant and formative. In this case, both directions width or height may have substantially the same extent or one of the two directions may be significantly increased in their extent relative to the other.
  • the term 1-dimensional fiber structure comprises fibers, continuous fibers, yarns, fiber bundles, fiber strands, filaments, filament bundles, rovings or mixed forms.
  • a 2-dimensional fiber structure is to be understood as meaning a fiber structure in which the extent of the fiber structure in the direction of the height relative to the extent of the fiber structure in the direction of the length and the width is negligible. In other words, the extension of the fiber structure in the direction of the length and the width is predominant and formative. In this case, both directions width or length may have substantially the same extent or one of the two directions may be significantly increased in their extent relative to the other.
  • the term 2-dimensional fiber structure includes woven, knitted, knitted, nonwoven, unidirectional laid-down fibrous layers, multiaxial fabrics, mats, knits, spacer fabrics, braided sleeving, embroidery, sewing fabrics, tear-off fabrics or blends.
  • a 3-dimensional fiber structure is to be understood as meaning a fiber structure whose extent in the direction of the length, the width and the height is predominant with respect to none of the directions. In this case, all directions can have substantially the same extension, or one or two of the three directions can or can be significantly increased in their extent with respect to the other or the other.
  • 3-dimensional fiber structure are essentially several to understand stacked 2-dimensional fiber structures. In this case, the 2-dimensional fiber structures can be designed differently. Thus, it is conceivable that, for example, a unidirectional fiber layer is followed by a nonwoven fabric as the next layer while a fabric can finish the 3-dimensional fiber structure. However, it is also possible to use exclusively unidirectional 2-dimensional fiber structures for constructing a 3-dimensional fiber structure.
  • the unidirectional 2-dimensional fiber structures can be the same orientation or differently oriented with respect to their direction. In the latter case, there is a multiaxial clutch.
  • a fiber-plastic composite essentially consists of at least one 1/2 or 3-dimensional fiber structure which is embedded in a plastic matrix. In this case, the at least one 1/2 or 3-dimensional fiber structure is surrounded by the plastic matrix, which is bonded by adhesive or cohesive forces to the at least one 1- / 2-or 3-dimensional fiber structure.
  • materials for fibrous structures glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, PBO fibers, polyethylene fibers, natural fibers, basalt fibers, quartz fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers or mixed forms can be used.
  • Duroplastics, thermoplastics, elastomers and fillers, saturated or unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl ester resins or mixed forms can be used as materials for the matrix.
  • a semifinished fiber product is to be understood as meaning a 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure which functions as a preform, preform, preform, prepreg or mixed form for a fiber-plastic composite.
  • the semi-finished fiber material may comprise plastics which act as binders, binders, impregnating agents, adhesion promoters or mixed forms.
  • the semifinished fiber product is formed as a fiber-matrix semifinished product.
  • the 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure is impregnated with matrix material, wherein the matrix material is at least partially polimerinstrument.
  • the matrix material in the fiber-matrix semifinished product has a fixing function, so that displacement of the fiber structures or fiber layers relative to one another is optionally at least reduced during further processing.
  • a fibrous layer is to be understood as meaning a layer of the 2- / 3-dimensional fibrous structure which can be delimited from its surroundings.
  • the 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure has multiple layers, wherein, for example, one layer is formed unidirectionally, while another layer represents a woven or knitted fabric.
  • a plurality of unidirectional fiber layers are provided which form a multiaxial scrim.
  • the individual layers of the multiaxial web are distinguishable by their main directions.
  • An opening means a hole, a recess, a penetration or the like in the at least one fiber layer. If a plurality of fiber layers are present, the openings may, with at least partial superimposition, form an overall opening which extends through all the fiber layers. However, it is also conceivable that such a total opening does not extend through all the fiber layers. In this case, there is a recess, depression, recess or the like, which is delimited by at least one fiber layer. It is also possible to provide a plurality of openings in at least one fiber layer.
  • shapes of the openings circular shapes, ellipsoidal shapes, polygons, such as triangular shapes, square shapes, rectangular shapes, pentagonal shapes, hexagonal shapes, symmetric or asymmetric, or mixed forms can be used.
  • Optionally occurring corners can be rounded.
  • a 2/3-dimensional fiber structure may comprise at least one layer composed of at least one 1-dimensional fiber structure, for example an endless fiber.
  • Several 1-dimensional fiber structures can also form at least one fiber layer of the 2/3-dimensional fiber structure.
  • the 1-dimensional fiber structures can be subdivided into at least one fiber section.
  • the fiber sections line up along the length of the 1-dimensional fiber structure. If the fiber layer is of unidirectional design, then the fiber sections can be aligned substantially parallel to one another. Only in peripheral areas or in areas of openings can the fiber sections be otherwise aligned, for example, crossing one another.
  • the fiber sections are arranged to substantially follow the contour to be formed in the particular desired direction to construct a directional loading profile. But it is also conceivable that are arranged in at least one fiber layer, the fiber sections in the manner of a random, a fabric or a mixed form to each other.
  • a fiber strand in turn has at least one, in particular uninterrupted, fiber section. If the fiber strand contains several fiber sections, the fiber sections can be aligned parallel to one another within the fiber strand. Several fiber sections of the fiber strand can form fiber bundles. The fiber sections combined into a fiber strand run towards the at least one opening. The direction that the fiber strand strikes while running towards the opening is referred to as the running direction.
  • a sub-strand of the fiber strand contains at least one fiber section of the fiber strand.
  • a partial strand of the fiber strand contains a plurality of fiber sections of the fiber strand.
  • the fiber strand can be divided into several sub-strands, with which different gains of the respective opening can be constructed. So it is conceivable that a sub-strand is used to form one eye, while another sub-strand is used to other constructive measures. Under an eye according to the nautical knot customer is meant an O-shaped section in a sub-strand of the fiber strand. Only when the eye is placed around a solid component, it is invariable to a train in the sub-string. However, if the solid component is removed from the eye, then the eye dissolves when you pull on the sub-strand on.
  • An eye placed around a solid component is also called an entire stroke according to nautical knot theory. Fixing the eye in the sub-strand, it is called a loop according to the nautical knot science. An example of this is called the Palstek.
  • An attracting eye is commonly called a sling, as known for example from the gallows sling or lasso sling.
  • the eye is defined according to nautical knot science. In contrast, for example, the term of the loop in mountain sports is used equally for the concept of the eye and the loop according to the nautical knot science.
  • a head of the eye-laying device is understood to mean a terminal region of the eye-laying device. About this terminal area or head can by means of a throw of the respective sub-strand each eye according to the nautical Nodular science are made. If the head is segmented, then it has head segments which can be displaced relative to one another or telescoped. However, the head segments can also be arranged firmly to one another, so that a displacement or telescoping is not possible.
  • the head or the terminal area of the eye-care device is connected to a body, which may also be segmented. Also in this case, the carcass segments can be displaced or formed relative to one another. But it is also conceivable that the individual body segments have a different extension in cross-section with each other and / or that they are firmly connected to each other, so that no displacement or telescoping of the body segments to each other is possible.
  • the eye-laying device may have a holding device which has at least one holding element.
  • This at least one retaining element can be arranged on a carcass segment or on the body. If a plurality of carcass segments are present, then it is conceivable that the carcass segments have an equal number, in particular one or two, of holding elements or a different number of holding elements, for example one or two holding elements alternately. It is also conceivable that the holding elements are arranged in the peripheral region of the respective body segment at the same position or at different positions. For example, it is conceivable that in each case only one holding element is provided on the respective body segment, wherein the holding elements are arranged alternately in each case in relation to the body segments.
  • the rotation takes place about the axis of rotation of the eye-laying device. In this case, the axis of rotation may be arranged eccentrically to the axis of symmetry of the eye-laying device, so that the eye-laying device performs an eccentric movement.
  • the particular sub-strand can be held by the respective holding element at a predetermined peripheral region of the body or a body segment.
  • a peripheral region is to be understood as that region on which, by means of the respective holding element in the circumferential direction, the respective sub-strand is held so that it can not slip away. If the fiber strand is held in a first circumferential region, then a first eye is formed, while a second eye is held in the second peripheral region when held is trained. The two eyes are oriented differently to each other, as described below.
  • the respective sub-string can be divided into a union strand section and a screw-in strand section.
  • both the throw-strand section and the screw-in strand section are screwed by means of the respective holding element on the body or the body segment.
  • a rotational position of the eye-lapping device may be achieved in which the cap-strand portion may slide over the head of the eye-lapping device, the capping taking place by the over-the-head sliding of the cap-strand portion.
  • the respective eye has formed and in an intersection region, in which the two strand sections intersect, the union strand section is arranged above the penetration strand section. Instead of just a throw over several throws may take place, in which case also several superimposed crossing areas are formed.
  • both the throw-strand section and the Eindus strand section are each a section of the respective sub-strand, wherein the throw-strand section and the Eincard strand section are each bounded on one side by the associated eye.
  • the holding device may have at least one second holding element with which a second sub-strand of the fiber strand is held about its axis of rotation at a predetermined second peripheral region of the body during rotation of the fiber strand, whereby the second sub-strand is introduced into the body by means of at least one throw over the head second eye enclosing the opening, is transferred according to the nautical knot customer, which is oriented opposite to the first eye.
  • the fiber strand tapering towards the at least one opening can be divided, for example, into a first and a second sub-strand, wherein the first sub-strand forms a first eye with a predetermined orientation around the at least one opening, while the second sub-strand forms a second eye with an opposite one Orientation around the forms at least one opening. Consequently, by dividing the fiber strand into two sub-strands, an intersection region can be divided into two intersection regions, so that the number of intersections superimposed fiber sections per crossing region is reduced. As a result, the load profile of the eyelash can be specifically influenced and improved.
  • a symmetrical design of the eyelash can be selectively produced, in which the first sub-strand and the second sub-strand is formed symmetrically both in terms of the number of fiber sections and in terms of orientation to the at least one opening.
  • the two crossing regions are arranged opposite to the at least one opening.
  • an asymmetrical design of the eyelash either the number of fiber sections per sub-strand can be chosen differently, the orientation of the sub-strands can be different from the at least one opening, or an unbalanced opening can be present.
  • the orientation of the respective eye is understood to mean the rotation to be carried out in the direction of travel when the respective partial strand is being lowered or lowered. Consequently, the respective eye may have a right turn or a left turn as orientation and thus be oriented clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • At least one head segment or the head may be hemispherical, frusto-conical, spherical segment-shaped, rounded, ellipsoidal, paraboloidal and / or rotationally symmetrical.
  • the head or the eye-laying device can be introduced into the respective fiber layer in a simplified manner.
  • the formation of the respective eye can be carried out in a reproducible manner, since on the one hand the eye-laying device can be positioned more quickly and precisely in the fiber layer and the cover can be more controlledly performed at a predetermined point in time.
  • at least one head segment or the head can be formed, at least in sections, telescopically to the body and / or to a carcass segment.
  • the eye-laying device can be equipped in the longitudinal direction with a variable extension.
  • several tools for forming eyes can be integrated in an eye-care device.
  • the head or at least one head segment at least in sections may have a polished surface, a coating and / or a non-stick coating.
  • a surface finish on the one hand the throw can be facilitated and on the other hand, the insertion of the head can be performed reproducibly in the respective fiber layer.
  • the head or at least one head segment may be formed step-free, edge-free or rounded at the transition to the body.
  • the eye-laying device can be introduced without resistance in the fiber layer and the cover over the head are running without interruption, since the fiber strand can not get caught on the non-formed edges and steps.
  • At least two body segments may be formed adjacent to each other. Furthermore, at least two body segments can be designed to be telescopic with each other.
  • an eye-laying device can be constructed, which has a plurality of body segments, where different eyes can be formed.
  • the body segments can be sunk into each other, so that only the desired body segment can actively be used for eye training respectively.
  • the respective body segment can be sunk in such a way in the other body segment that it does not interfere with the processes.
  • at least two body segments, starting from the head segment can have an extension of cross-sectional areas of the considered body segments measured and increasing at least in one direction transverse to the axis of rotation.
  • different shapes and sizes of eyes can be formed by the respective body segment in the fiber layer due to the different design and increasing extent of the cross-sectional areas of subsequent body segments, starting from the head segment.
  • the cross-sectional area of the respective body segment is determined by a section in the region of the respective body segment perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the eye-laying device. If the body segment is rotationally symmetrical, then a circle will result as a cross-sectional area. It is also conceivable that, for example, elliptical cross-sectional areas or other rounded cross-sectional areas deviating from the circle are formed. In this case, the extent of the cross-sectional area which represents the largest ascertainable extent is taken as the extent. In the case of a circle this would be the diameter and in the case of an ellipse the main axis.
  • At least one body segment can be formed substantially rotationally symmetrical.
  • an unbalance in the eye-laying device can be avoided due to the rotationally symmetrical design.
  • a circle can be formed as the simplest form of an enclosure or an eye.
  • At least one body segment may be substantially cylindrical in the general sense.
  • a cylindrical shape deviating from the circle shape of the opening or the enclosure can be formed by the eye in the fiber layer by a cylindrical configuration.
  • This makes it possible to construct openings of different shapes in the fiber layer in order to meet a required load and fastening profile of the respective opening in the fiber layer.
  • This is understood to mean cylindrically in the general sense two parallel, planar surfaces and a mantle or cylindrical surface, which is formed by parallel straight lines. If the straight lines are perpendicular to the base and top surfaces, this is called a straight cylinder.
  • the respective body segment is mainly rotationally symmetrical and / or cylindrical. This may include minor irregularities resulting from the production or taking into account other design elements thereof.
  • at least one carcass segment can have at least one circumferential groove.
  • at least one body segment may have at least one recess.
  • the respective fiber strand, from which the eye is formed can be positioned before the rotary movement in the longitudinal direction of the eye-laying device.
  • the positioning of the fiber strand in the longitudinal direction of the eye-laying device is facilitated and reproducible by such a groove or recess.
  • the respective fiber strand can be positioned in the groove or recess, so that it can be held securely by the holding device during the rotation in the desired longitudinal region of the eye-laying device.
  • the same can be positioned easily in the desired longitudinal region by such a circumferential groove or recess, so that slippage of the eye in the longitudinal direction of the eye-laying device can be largely prevented, although it may no longer be held by the holding device.
  • the respective holding element may be designed such that it forms a bolt or an eyelet by corresponding positioning with at least one recess or at least one groove.
  • a high retention safety of the respective fiber strand can be achieved by means of the holding element by such a design as a bolt or eye.
  • This holding security can still be guaranteed even when the eye-laying device moves in the longitudinal direction, since slipping out of the fiber strand from the holding device in this case is no longer possible.
  • the fiber strand by means of a bolt or an eyelet securely in the longitudinal region and peripheral region of the eye-care device are held in all subsequent movements of the eye-laying device.
  • the respective holding element can be extended by corresponding positioning in an active position from the associated body segment and be recessed in a passive position in the associated body segment.
  • At least one body segment may have only a first holding element.
  • at least one body segment has only a second holding element.
  • at least one body segment has a first and a second holding element or no holding elements.
  • different eyes in the same or different fiber layers can be produced by a different arrangement of holding elements on the respective body segment with the same eye-laying device.
  • a body segment forms two eyes at once, while another body segment displaces only the fiber strands in the respective fiber layer, without forming an eye. Consequently, it can be achieved that, for example, the crossing regions of the eyes are formed at different locations in the individual fiber layers, so that an increased accumulation of crossing regions over the fiber layers can be avoided or reduced at one point.
  • two holding elements of the respective body segment can be positioned during the rotation in the same position or in another position. In this case, a position is to be understood as the active position or the passive position.
  • different eyes with varying crossing areas can be formed.
  • a first eye are formed, while in the second fiber layer by changing the position of the holding elements, a second eye can be formed. Consequently, the crossing regions of the eyes in the different fiber layers, for example, can be arranged alternately with one another.
  • At least two successive body segments may have an alternating arrangement of a first holding element or a second holding element.
  • an alternating sequence of first and second eyes in the successive fiber layers can be produced by means of a very simply designed eye-laying device.
  • at least two successive body segments could have an equilateral arrangement of a first holding element or a second holding element.
  • At least two successive body segments may have an offset arrangement of a first holding element or a second holding element.
  • an offset arrangement of the respective holding elements is to be understood as meaning an arrangement of the respective holding elements on the respective body segments which deviates from one another in the circumferential direction of the eye-laying device.
  • such a staggered arrangement also avoids overlapping of crossing regions in successive fiber layers.
  • at least one retaining element may be formed as a hook.
  • a hook is to be understood as meaning only one web which protrudes from the respective body segment and which is suitable for holding the respective fiber strand in the peripheral region and longitudinal region on the body segment.
  • At least one retaining element can be designed as a co-rotating double hook.
  • a robust retaining element with high reliability can be generated by the formation of a co-rotating double hook. If one of the double hooks fails, the double formation of the hook provides increased holding security.
  • hooks which move in the same way, for example between an active and a passive position are understood to mean co-rapidity.
  • At least one retaining element can be designed as a counter-rotating double hook.
  • an eyelet or a closed design of the retaining element in the active position can be achieved by an opposing Doppelhaken reference means of the opposite double hook.
  • the respective hook halves for example, have to travel a smaller distance when positioning from a passive position to an active position, so that the two double hooks and their drive can be designed to be structurally simpler relative to each other.
  • an opposing movement of the two hook halves of the double hook is understood.
  • the hook halves can approach each other when closing, while they diverge when opening.
  • at least one retaining element can form an eyelet.
  • At least one retaining element may be formed as a web.
  • the formation of a web of the respective fiber strand can be securely held in the peripheral region and longitudinal region of the eye-laying device during rotation.
  • At least one holding element may be formed as a fold-out portion of the respective body segment.
  • a facilitated insertion of the eye-laying device can be ensured when the partial area is folded into the respective fiber layer. If the eye-laying device is introduced into the fibrous layer, the holding element can be transferred into the active position by folding out the partial region so that the respective fiber strand can be held in the desired peripheral region during the rotation of the eye-laying device by the retaining element. It is also conceivable that the portion is collapsed and clamped in the folded state, the fiber strand.
  • At least one head segment, the head, at least one body segment, the body, at least one first holding element, at least one second holding element and / or at least the holding device plastic, metal and / or stainless steel comprise or consist thereof.
  • the introduction of the eye-laying device can be facilitated in the respective fiber layer.
  • the use of metal or stainless steel low wear at the desired locations and high stability of the respective components can be achieved.
  • the holding device may have at least one actuator or a drive for the rotation of at least one body segment about the rotation axis.
  • the stability of the movement can be ensured.
  • the actuator or the drive due to the actuator or the drive a simple control of the same can be made.
  • the rotation or movement are equipped with a high reproducibility.
  • the holding device may have at least one actuator or drive for a translation of at least one body segment along the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the holding device can have at least one actuator a drive for a translation of the body perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the holding device can have at least one actuator or drive for positioning one or more holding elements. Furthermore, the holding device may have at least one actuator or drive for telescoping segments to each other.
  • an apparatus for producing a 2- / 3-dimensional fiber structure in particular designed as a fiber semifinished product for a fiber-plastic composite, equipped with an eye-laying device as described above is proposed.
  • the device can have at least one draping device for positioning the fiber layer.
  • the individual fiber strands of the fiber layer can be positioned unidirectionally relative to one another, for example, above the eye-laying device.
  • the respective fiber layer can be positioned or produced and, for example, processed by means of the eye-laying device.
  • the device can have at least one storage device for the individual fibers from which the fiber layer is constructed.
  • the process can be formed as far as possible without interruption, since at any time fibers can be provided to form the fiber layer.
  • the device may have a fixing device.
  • both the fiber layer or the fibers are clamped in the same device, processed, as well as, for example, by heat or pressure to each other fixed.
  • the device may have a shaping device.
  • the fiber layer can be formed not only planar but also three-dimensional by the shaping device, which can be formed, for example, as a tool table.
  • the device can have a separating device by means of which the fibers of the fiber layer fixed to one another can be severely separated.
  • a further fiber layer can in turn be positioned by the draping device over the shaping device in a subsequent working step.
  • several fiber layers can be brought into the desired shape in one operation and fixed to one another.
  • the device can have an MSR device (measurement-control rule) by means of which the individual method steps can be controlled and regulated.
  • Fig. 4a, b, c an eye-laying device with differently positioned
  • Fig. 7a, b an eye-laying device with a plurality of body segments
  • a first eye 100 as shown in FIG. 1, is formed as an O-shaped section in a first sub-strand 110.
  • the first eye 100 divides the first sub-strand 110 into a first strand section 120 and a second strand section 130. Both the first eye 100 and the strand sections 120, 130 are sections of the first sub-strand 1 10.
  • the first eye 100 can have a crossing region 140, by the strand sections 120, 130 intersect. Consequently, in this crossing region 140, the strand sections 120, 130 are arranged one above the other. In the crossing area 140, a first tangent 150 can be applied to the first strand section 120 and a second tangent 160 to the second strand section 130.
  • the tangents 150, 160 enclose an angle ⁇ which, with respect to the crossing region 140, is arranged opposite the first eye 100.
  • Such an angle ⁇ can assume a value greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 180 °.
  • the first eye 100 disintegrates as soon as the strand sections 120, 130 are pulled. It can only be fixed by inserting into a O-shaped opening 170 of the first eye 100 a solid component, so that in this case the first eye 100 becomes a whole impact according to the nautical knot customer.
  • the first eye 100 can also be fixed by the fact that in the crossing area 140 the Strand sections 120,130 by means of a binding material, for example, cohesively, are interconnected. Even if such a fixation of the strand sections 120, 130 is undertaken, the first eye 100 thus fixed in the sense of the invention should not be regarded as a loop according to the nautical knot customer.
  • a left-handed orientation 180 of the first eye 100 is illustrated. Following the sub-strand 1 10 in the direction of 190, a left turn is performed. As a result, in this case, a left-handed orientation 180 exists.
  • the running direction 190 is chosen arbitrarily, so that when reorienting the running direction 190, a clockwise rotation is performed when following the first sub-line 1 10 across the first eye 100.
  • the determination of the direction of rotation 190 serves only as a reference, so that an opposite orientation can be detected.
  • the strand sections 120, 130 overlap one another.
  • the first strand section 120 is positioned dipping into the plane of the drawing or the drawing sheet, while the second strand section 130 protrudes from the plane of the drawing or the drawing sheet.
  • the superposed strand sections 120,130 it is also a reverse arrangement of the superposed strand sections 120,130 conceivable.
  • a clockwise orientation 200 is characterized in that when running or retracting the second sub-strand 1 10 'in the direction of 190 a clockwise rotation must be performed when the second eye 100' is traversed.
  • the second eye 100 'of FIG. 3a is oriented opposite the first eye 100 of FIG. 2a when the same running direction 190 is taken as the reference.
  • the fact of the opposite orientation of the eyes 100, 100 'does not change when the running direction 190 is reoriented, as this changes both orientations 180, 200 of the eyes 100, 100'.
  • an intersection 140 'occur in which the strand sections 120,130 are arranged one above the other.
  • the first strand section 120 is arranged in the drawing plane or in the drawing sheet from the rear immersed, while the second strand section 130 protrudes from the drawing plane or from the drawing sheet.
  • the sub-strand 1 10, 10 ' may also be constructed from a plurality of fiber sections.
  • an eye-care device 210 has a head 220 and a body 230, wherein the eye-care device 210 is designed to be rotatable about its axis of rotation 240.
  • the body 230 may be at least cylindrical or rotationally symmetrical, while the head 220 may be rounded or, as shown in FIG. 4a, hemispherical in shape. If a transition 250 from the body 230 to the head 220 is continuous or edge-free, then the
  • Holding device 260 comprising a first holding member 270
  • the first holding element 270 can be transferred by means of a positioning 280 or a positioning movement from an active position 290 shown in FIG. 4b into a passive position 300 shown, for example, in FIG. 4a. This is achieved, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 a, b by retracting or extending the first holding element 270 into the body 230.
  • the holding device 260 may also have a second holding element 270 ', wherein the two holding elements 270, 270' may form differently oriented eyes in the respective fiber layer.
  • the second holding element 270 ' can also be moved from the passive position 300 into the active position 290 by means of a positioning 280.
  • the head 220 ' is ellipsoidal. In this case, the head 210 'is rotationally symmetrical. In addition, it is conceivable that the head 220 "is not rotationally symmetrical, as illustrated in Fig. 5b For example, it may be rounded off on one side as shown and formed opposite the rounding of the body 230. Such a design may include a too early throw of the respective
  • the head 220 '' is otherwise rounded.
  • the head 220 ' may be tapered or merely rounded as in Fig. 5c.
  • Further embodiments which facilitate a simple insertion of the head 220, 220 ', 220 ", 220" into the respective fiber layer or a cover are also conceivable.
  • the head 220 and the body 230 are segmented.
  • the head 220 has at least two head segments 310, 310 ', 310 ".
  • the body 230 can also have at least two body segments 320, 320 in this case, as shown in FIGS, 6b, c, the head segments 310, 310 ', 310 "and the body segments 320, 320', 320” can be telescoped to one another by telescoping Segments 320, 320 ', 320 "on a different circumference or a different cross-sectional area.
  • the respective body segments 320, 320 ', 320 may have a different number and a different one
  • first and second holding elements 270,270 'have Positioning of first and second holding elements 270,270 'have, which can also be positioned differently in different process steps.
  • the body 230 may include a plurality of body segments 320, 320 ', 320 "without the head 220 also being segmented, for example, as shown in Figure 7a, the individual body shapes may be used. Segments 320, 320 ', 320 "be formed fixed to each other. It is conceivable, as shown in Fig. 7a, that the individual body segments 320, 320 ', 320 "are cone-shaped and merge seamlessly with each other, even with such an arrangement and design of the body segments 320, 320'. , Eyes 100, 100 'may be formed with different openings 170 in the respective fiber layers.
  • differently and differently positioned holding elements 270, 270 ' may be arranged on the respective body segment 320, 320', 320 ", for example in order to better secure the respective fiber strand in the longitudinal region of the eye-laying device 210 each body segment 320, 320 ', 320 "to hold, it is also conceivable that the body segments are cylindrical.
  • positioning 280 may extend or retract first retaining member 270.
  • a hook-like retainer 270 moves from its active position 290 as shown in Figure 8a to the passive position 300 as in Figure 8b can be transferred.
  • the positioning 280 ' designed as a folding or unfolding, the hook-shaped holding element 270 is folded onto the body 230 or folded away from it.
  • a kind of eyelet is formed, which can also significantly reduce the slippage of the respective fiber strand from the holding element 270.
  • other embodiments of the holding element 270 are conceivable instead of a hook-shaped training.
  • FIG. 8c Another alternative for the retaining element 270 is shown in FIG. 8c.
  • a part of the body 230 can be made of the same by means of a positioning 280 "as
  • Retaining element 270 are unfolded.
  • the positioning 280 "folding or folding of the holding element 220 in a recess 340 of the body 230.
  • a fiber strand can be clamped by the holding member 270 in the recess 340 by means of positioning 280", so that in this case
  • Holding elements 270 are used, which are formed round hook-shaped. Starting from FIG. 9 b, in which the holding element 270 is at least partially extended by the positioning 280, the holding element can be transferred to the active position 290, as shown in FIG. 9 c, by further positioning 280. In this case, formed by the one-piece retaining element 270 an eyelet. It is also conceivable that in a two-part design, starting from FIG. 9b, by positioning 280 a first subelement 350 of the retaining element 270 and by positioning 280 "'of a second subelement 350' of the retaining element 270, the active position 290 of FIG. 9b, by positioning 280 a first subelement 350 of the retaining element 270 and by positioning 280 "'of a second subelement 350' of the retaining element 270, the active position 290 of FIG. 9b, by positioning 280 a first subelement 350 of the retaining element 270 and by positioning 280 "'of a second subelement 350' of the
  • Holding element 270 is achieved. Also in this case, an eyelet is formed, by means of which the respective fiber strand in the predetermined peripheral region of the body or the Carcass segment 320, 320 ', 320 "can be held., In this case, the holding member 270 is formed as an opposite double hook 360.
  • a recess 370 may be formed on the body 230. This recess can also be designed as a circumferential groove.
  • the holding element 270 In a passive position 300, the holding element 270 is retracted or sunk in the body or in the head 220, as shown in FIG. 10a.
  • the holding element 270 By positioning 280 of the holding element 270, the holding element 270 is successively extended out of the head 220 or the body 230.
  • the active position 290 as shown in Fig. 10 c, the holding member 270 with the recess 370 form an eyelet, whereby the respective fiber strand safely in the predetermined
  • Peripheral region of the body 230 can be held.
  • the holding element 270, 270 ' may also be formed as a web in cooperation with a recess 370.
  • the passive position 300 of the holding element 270, 270 ' is shown in FIG. 11 c.
  • the holding element 270, 270 ' is sunk in the body or in the head 220. Consequently, in this passive position 300, the recess 370 is free and not covered by the retaining element 270, 270 '.
  • the recess 370 is at least partially closed, wherein the web, as shown in FIG.
  • the respective fiber strand can be held securely in the predetermined circumferential area on the eye-laying device 210 by the holding element 270 embodied as a web.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de pose d'œillets (210) servant à former un premier œillet (100) entourant un orifice (170) ménagé dans une couche de fibres d'un demi-produit fibreux destiné à un composite de fibres et de matière plastique à partir d'un premier boyau partiel (110) d'un boyau de fibres arrivant à l'orifice, comprenant : une tête (220, 220', 220", 220"') qui comporte un segment de tête (310, 310', 310") ; un corps (230) qui comporte un segment de corps (320, 320', 320") ; et un dispositif support (260) qui comporte un premier élément de maintien (270, 270') au moyen duquel le premier boyau partiel est maintenu sur une première zone de la circonférence d'un segment de corps lors d'une rotation du corps sur son axe de rotation (240). Un rabat par-dessus la tête permet de faire passer le premier boyau partiel dans le premier œillet suivant la technique du nœud marin. Grâce à ce bordage simple, l'orifice peut être doté du profil de sollicitation nécessaire au moyen d'un outil relativement simple.
PCT/EP2013/062722 2012-07-04 2013-06-19 Dispositif de pose d'œillets WO2014005838A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012211572 2012-07-04
DE102012211572.2 2012-07-04

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WO2014005838A1 true WO2014005838A1 (fr) 2014-01-09

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3756893A (en) * 1969-04-03 1973-09-04 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Nonwoven structure and method and apparatus for producing it
DE2452310A1 (de) * 1974-11-05 1976-05-06 Vepa Ag Verfahren zur geordneten ablage eines aus einer spinneinrichtung ankommenden kabels, anwendung des verfahrens und vorrichtung zu seiner durchfuehrung
FR2295153A1 (fr) * 1974-12-21 1976-07-16 Hoechst Ag Procede et dispositif de fabrication de nappes de filaments non tissees
US4976012A (en) * 1982-11-29 1990-12-11 E. I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method of forming a web
FR2686080A1 (fr) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-16 Aerospatiale Procede de depose au contact a chaud de materiau composite fibre a matrice vitreuse et dispositif pour la mise en óoeuvre du procede.
EP0668446A1 (fr) * 1994-02-17 1995-08-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Bagues d'étanchiété
DE102007017446A1 (de) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-09 Acc Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Lochverstärkung bei einem Bauteil aus einem Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund und Bauteil aus einem Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3756893A (en) * 1969-04-03 1973-09-04 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Nonwoven structure and method and apparatus for producing it
DE2452310A1 (de) * 1974-11-05 1976-05-06 Vepa Ag Verfahren zur geordneten ablage eines aus einer spinneinrichtung ankommenden kabels, anwendung des verfahrens und vorrichtung zu seiner durchfuehrung
FR2295153A1 (fr) * 1974-12-21 1976-07-16 Hoechst Ag Procede et dispositif de fabrication de nappes de filaments non tissees
US4976012A (en) * 1982-11-29 1990-12-11 E. I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method of forming a web
FR2686080A1 (fr) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-16 Aerospatiale Procede de depose au contact a chaud de materiau composite fibre a matrice vitreuse et dispositif pour la mise en óoeuvre du procede.
EP0668446A1 (fr) * 1994-02-17 1995-08-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Bagues d'étanchiété
DE102007017446A1 (de) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-09 Acc Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Lochverstärkung bei einem Bauteil aus einem Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund und Bauteil aus einem Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund

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