WO2014000259A1 - 光突发信号接收方法、装置和一种光突发信号接收机 - Google Patents

光突发信号接收方法、装置和一种光突发信号接收机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014000259A1
WO2014000259A1 PCT/CN2012/077881 CN2012077881W WO2014000259A1 WO 2014000259 A1 WO2014000259 A1 WO 2014000259A1 CN 2012077881 W CN2012077881 W CN 2012077881W WO 2014000259 A1 WO2014000259 A1 WO 2014000259A1
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Prior art keywords
training sequence
light source
transient
local oscillator
oscillator light
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PCT/CN2012/077881
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓宁
李沫
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201280000838.XA priority Critical patent/CN102884735B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2012/077881 priority patent/WO2014000259A1/zh
Publication of WO2014000259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014000259A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/615—Arrangements affecting the optical part of the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
    • H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
    • H04L7/10—Arrangements for initial synchronisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communications, and more particularly to an optical burst signal receiving method and apparatus and an optical bursting signal receiver.
  • Optical signals in current optical communication networks include continuous mode optical signals and burst mode optical signals.
  • the optical signal tube of the burst mode is called an optical burst signal.
  • a complete optical burst signal actually includes a segment of the optical signal and a segment of the optical signal, and the optical signal and the optical signal are repeated at intervals.
  • optical burst signals have been widely used in network access layers, for example, in Passive Optical Networks (PON).
  • PON Passive Optical Networks
  • all-optical switching networks that may be implemented in the future, such as optical burst switching networks or optical packet switching networks, will also use optical burst signals.
  • optical burst switching network information from one source node to one sink node is modulated on one optical burst, and different optical burst signals may be transmitted and exchanged to different sink nodes.
  • the optical burst signal received by a sink node may be a light wave with different light intensity (or amplitude) and phase carried at different wavelengths (or frequencies).
  • optical burst signals of lower rate e.g., rates no greater than 10 Gb/s
  • amplitude modulated corresponding optical burst receivers and related techniques have matured and will be used or will be used for G-bit or 10 Gbit PON.
  • higher speed e.g., 40 Gb/s, 100 Gb/s or higher
  • phase modulated or higher order modulated optical burst signals the related art has just begun research.
  • a method for receiving a burst optical signal is: dividing the received analog-to-digital converted signal into two paths after pre-sampling, and entering one pre-processing module to converge through a part of the algorithm, and the other enters A cache module. After the algorithm is converged, the preprocessing module provides the calculated related parameters to the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) module located behind the cache module for data recovery.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • the convergence speed of the conventional DSP is slower.
  • the convergence time of the DSP is 4us, and the duration of one optical burst is 5us.
  • the effective payload is only 20%, and the transmission efficiency is very low. Therefore, in the burst optical signal receiving method provided by the above prior art, the signal is split into two processing modes after pre-sampling, and the effective payload is improved to some extent.
  • the algorithm used in the pre-processing module in the prior art does not increase the convergence speed.
  • the effective payload is improved by adding a pre-processing module and a cache module, and the addition of the pre-processing module increases the hardware resources to a certain extent. Increasing the cache module increases the latency and increases the cost and power consumption.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical burst signal receiving method and apparatus, and an optical burst signal receiver, which can also carry payload data during a transient effect of a rapidly adjustable local oscillator light source, thereby improving transmission efficiency.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides an optical burst signal receiving method, where the method includes:
  • the optical burst signal including a duration of the transient effect [Ta, Tb] received payload data and a first training sequence group, wherein the Ta is a start time of the transient effect, The Tb is an end time of the transient effect, the first training sequence group includes at least two repeated first training sequences; and compensating for a transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source;
  • the payload data received at the duration [X, Tb] of the transient effect is recovered.
  • an optical burst signal receiving apparatus comprising: a receiving module, configured to receive an optical burst signal, wherein the optical burst signal includes a duration of a transient effect [Ta, Tb] Received payload data and a first training sequence set, the Ta is a start time of the transient effect, the Tb is an end time of the transient effect, and the first training sequence group includes at least two Repeated first training sequence;
  • An estimation module for estimating a transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source using the first training sequence set
  • a compensation module configured to compensate a transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source
  • a data recovery module for recovering the duration of the transient effect [Ta, Tb] received
  • the payload data, the Ta is the start time of the transient effect, and the Tb is the end time of the transient effect.
  • the transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source can be estimated by using the first training sequence group included in the optical burst signal, and the transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source is performed.
  • the compensation causes the transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source to become a steady state duration. Therefore, compared with the existing burst optical signal receiving method, the burst optical signal receiving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not increase the hardware resources and/or the cost power consumption, and the fast adjustable local oscillator light source is instantaneous.
  • the duration of the effect can also carry payload data, which greatly increases the payload utilization and bandwidth utilization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for receiving an optical burst signal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2a is a power curve of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source during transient effects
  • Figure 2b is a frequency plot of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source during transient effects
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a start time of a first training sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is equal to a start time of a transient effect of a fast adjustable local oscillator light source;
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a start time of a first training sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is greater than a start time of a transiently adjustable local oscillator light source;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first training sequence, a second training sequence, and a third training sequence included in an optical burst signal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10b is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10c is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical burst signal receiving method and apparatus, and an optical burst signal receiver, which can also carry payload data during a transient effect of a rapidly adjustable local oscillator light source, thereby improving bandwidth utilization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for receiving an optical burst signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method mainly includes the steps S101, S102, S103 and S104:
  • the payload data received in Tb] and the first training sequence group the Ta is the start time of the transient effect, the Tb is the end time of the transient effect, and the first training sequence group includes At least two repeated first training sequences.
  • the received optical burst signal includes, in addition to payload data, a duration of the transient effect [Ta, Tb], and includes a first training sequence group added, for The transient effects of the light source are estimated.
  • the first training sequence set includes at least two repeated first training sequences ij ij , and each of the first training sequences may be a sequence Ex including a plurality of repeated X polarization states and a sequence EY of a plurality of repeated Y polarization states.
  • Bx is used to indicate the portion of the X polarization state in the first training sequence
  • the existing optical burst signal receiver when receiving the optical burst signal, connects the light source generated by the local oscillator (LO) and the received optical burst signal to a polarization beam splitter, respectively.
  • LO local oscillator
  • each optical burst signal has a short duration (e.g., on the order of microseconds)
  • the entire optical burst signal receiver, and in particular the DSP needs to respond quickly to recover the data in time. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional optical burst signal receiver may not be able to normally receive the optical burst signal and recover the original data carried by the optical wave therefrom.
  • the optical burst signals arriving at each optical burst signal receiver may be carried on light waves of different wavelengths. Therefore, in order to make the wavelength of the light source generated by the LO consistent with the wavelength of each received optical burst signal, the LO in the above existing optical burst signal receiver can use a fast adjustable local oscillator (Fast Tunable Local Oscillator, FTLO ) instead.
  • FTLO Fast adjustable local oscillator
  • the current FTLO is mostly based on semiconductor lasers
  • semiconductor lasers have a transients effect process after rapidly adjusting the wavelength due to the relaxation time of carriers and photons.
  • the power, wavelength (or frequency) and linewidth of the resulting source are still in a rapidly changing state.
  • the power, wavelength and linewidth of the light source produced by the FTLO become stable, as shown in Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b, respectively, which are the power curves of the light source generated by the FTLO during the transient effect and Frequency graph.
  • the light source tube produced by the FTLO is referred to as a fast adjustable local oscillator light source.
  • the first training sequence group added in step S101 can be used to estimate the fast speed. Adjusting the transient effect of the local oscillator source, and then compensating for the transient effects of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source. Thus, the period of rapid adjustment of the transient effect of the local oscillator source becomes a "steady state" duration. Thus, the payload data can be carried during this "steady state" duration.
  • the so-called compensation is based on the transient effect estimated in the above step S102, and the corresponding payload processing is performed on the payload data for the duration of the transient effect to completely eliminate the influence of the transient effect.
  • the ultimate goal or effect of the compensation is to change the transient effect of the rapidly tunable local oscillator source into a "steady state” duration so that the payload data can also be carried during this "steady state” duration.
  • the coherent demodulation algorithm may be an adaptive algorithm based on cyclic feedback, or may be a feedforward algorithm based on a training sequence. The present invention does not limit a specific coherent demodulation algorithm.
  • the transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator light source can be estimated by using the first training sequence included in the optical burst signal, and the fast adjustable version is The transient effect of the oscillating source is performed; the compensation is such that the transient effect of the rapidly tunable local oscillator source becomes a steady state duration. Therefore, compared with the existing burst optical signal receiving method, the burst optical signal receiving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not increase the hardware resources and/or the cost power consumption, and the fast adjustable local oscillator light source is instantaneous. The duration of the effect can also carry payload data, which greatly increases the transmission efficiency of the channel.
  • the duration of the first training sequence group is expressed as [Tc, Td], where Tc is the start time of the first training sequence group and Td is the end time of the first training sequence group. Since the first training set sequence is needed to estimate the overall transient effect of the rapidly tunable local oscillator source, the first training sequence set is required to have a repeating first training sequence throughout the duration of the transient effect [Ta, Tb] Exist, using a mathematical relationship to indicate that Td is greater than Tb. As for the relationship between the start time Tc of the first training sequence group and the start time Ta of the transient effect, Tc may be equal to Ta, as shown in Fig. 3a, or Tc may be greater than Ta, as shown in Fig. 3b.
  • the situation shown in Fig. 3a shows that the optical burst signal containing the first training sequence group arrives at the receiver when the wavelength of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source is switched, and the situation shown in Fig. 3b is fast.
  • the optical burst signal including the first training sequence group arrives at the receiver for a period of time after the wavelength switching of the adjustable local oscillator light source.
  • the transients effect of a rapidly tunable local oscillator source actually includes the power transients of the rapidly tunable local oscillator source and the frequency transients of the rapidly tunable local oscillator source. ) and phase transients of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source, and so on.
  • the sequence of Ex and Y polarization states of the X polarization state in the first training sequence can be used using a fast adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the sequence EY is downconverted to the electrical domain to obtain an electrical signal, and then the power of the electrical signal is sampled.
  • a one-dimensional interpolation algorithm is used to calculate the duration of the electrical signal at the transient effect [Ta, Tb] The power curve is taken as the power transient of the fast adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the one-dimensional interpolation algorithm may be selected from algorithms such as linear interpolation, Lagrangian interpolation, Newton interpolation, Lamir interpolation or cubic spline interpolation according to actual conditions.
  • the sequence of Ex and Y polarization states of the X polarization state in the first training sequence can be used using a fast adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the sequence EY is downconverted to the electrical domain to obtain an electrical signal, and then the frequency of the electrical signal is sampled.
  • a one-dimensional interpolation algorithm is used to calculate the duration of the electrical signal at the transient effect [Ta, Tb] The frequency curve is taken as the frequency transient of the fast adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the one-dimensional interpolation algorithm can be selected from algorithms such as linear interpolation, Lagrangian interpolation, Newton interpolation, Lamir interpolation or cubic spline interpolation according to actual conditions.
  • the above-mentioned one-dimensional interpolation algorithm is used to calculate the frequency curve of the duration of the transient effect [Ta, Tb] of the electrical signal, specifically, each of the included Bx or BY is calculated.
  • Phase change between Ex or EY Since the phase change per unit time is the frequency, it is calculated that the phase change between each Ex or EY is equivalent to the approximate estimated frequency.
  • Multiple Bx or BY can estimate multiple frequency sampling points, and then the entire frequency curve can be estimated by interpolation.
  • the sequence of the X polarization states of the first training sequence, Ex and Y polarization states can be used using a fast adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the sequence EY is downconverted to the electrical domain to obtain an electrical signal, and then the phase of the electrical signal is sampled.
  • a one-dimensional interpolation algorithm is used to calculate the duration of the electrical signal at the transient effect [Ta, Tb] a phase curve with the phase curve as the phase transient of the fast adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the one-dimensional interpolation algorithm can be selected from algorithms such as linear interpolation, Lagrangian interpolation, Newton interpolation, Lamir interpolation or cubic spline interpolation according to actual conditions.
  • a second training sequence may be added to a position in the optical burst signal that is located before a certain first training sequence in the first training sequence group, and the second training sequence also includes a portion of the X polarization state and a Y polarization. Part of the state.
  • the portion of the X-polarization state of the second training sequence is represented by Ax
  • the portion of the Y-polarization state of the second training sequence is represented by AY
  • AY [+DY+DY. . . -DY+DY].
  • a second training sequence is added to the optical burst signal, and the second training sequence can be used to estimate the start of the optical burst signal before estimating the transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source using the first training sequence set.
  • the position that is, the clock for restoring the data frame (optical burst signal) based on the training sequences Ax and AY. Specifically, it may be based on the sequence Dx or DY and its delayed autocorrelation, Ax of the X polarization state and AY of the Y polarization state to produce two overlapping peaks for indicating the frame header of the data frame.
  • the peak overlap port generated by the Ax of the X polarization state and the AY of the Y polarization state can also be used.
  • a third training sequence may be added to a position in the optical burst signal that is located after a certain first training sequence in the first training sequence group, where the third training sequence includes a portion of the X polarization state and a Y polarization. Part of the state.
  • the portion of the X-polarization state of the third training sequence is represented by Cx
  • the portion of the Y-polarization state of the third training sequence is represented by CY
  • CY [FYFY...FYFY]
  • Fx can be a pseudo-random sequence or other suitable sequence
  • FY is a shifted orthogonal sequence of Fx.
  • the sequence Cx and the sequence CY can be used to estimate the data frame header phase noise and channel characteristics by estimating the "interpolation" of the adjacent Fx or FY phase changes. Then, using the sequence Cx and the sequence CY for channel estimation and equalization, it is possible to implement an efficient frequency domain processing method using hardware. For example, for a 2 X 2 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system, estimate the channel moment
  • the matrix coefficients ( ⁇ ⁇ , H X y, Hy X , Hyy) are then calculated for the matrix coefficients of the equalizer, which may be based on the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) method.
  • MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error
  • a blind equalization method is adopted, for example, based on a Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA), etc., which provides fast and stable channel equalization regardless of actual channel characteristics.
  • CMA Constant Modulus Algorithm
  • the entire DSP architecture also includes modules for time recovery, phase equalization, and recovery. Those skilled in the art should be familiar with the related art and will not be described again.
  • the final DSP output is the recovered data.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first training sequence, a second training sequence, and a third training sequence included in the optical burst signal received in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown.
  • the optical burst signal receiving apparatus of the example of Figure 5 includes a receiving module 501, an estimating module 502, a compensation module 503, and a data recovery module 504, wherein:
  • the receiving module 501 is configured to receive an optical burst signal, where the optical burst signal includes a duration of a transient effect [Ta, Tb] received payload data and a first training sequence group, where the Ta is the instant At the beginning of the state effect, the Tb is the end time of the transient effect, and the first training sequence group includes at least two repeated first training sequences.
  • the optical burst signal includes a duration of a transient effect [Ta, Tb] received payload data and a first training sequence group, where the Ta is the instant At the beginning of the state effect, the Tb is the end time of the transient effect, and the first training sequence group includes at least two repeated first training sequences.
  • the optical burst signal received by the receiving module 501 includes, in addition to the pay load data, the duration of the transient effect [Ta, Tb], and the added first training sequence group. Estimate the transient effects of some sources.
  • the first training sequence group includes at least two repeated first training sequences, and each of the first training sequences may be a sequence Ex including a plurality of repeated X polarization states and a sequence EY of a plurality of repeated Y polarization states.
  • Bx is used to indicate the portion of the X polarization state in the first training sequence
  • the estimation module 502 is configured to estimate a transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source using the first training sequence group.
  • the compensation module 503 is configured to compensate for a transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source.
  • the estimation module 502 can use the first training added.
  • the training sequence group estimates the transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source, and then the compensation module 503 compensates for the transient effects of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source.
  • the so-called compensation that is, the compensation module 503 performs corresponding reverse processing on the payload data for the duration of the transient effect according to the transient effect estimated by the estimation module 502, to completely eliminate the influence of the transient effect.
  • the ultimate goal or effect of the compensation is to change the period of transient effects of the rapidly tunable local oscillator source into a "steady state" duration so that the payload data can also be carried during this "steady state" duration.
  • the data recovery module 504 is configured to recover the payload data received at the duration [Ta, Tb] of the transient effect.
  • the segment payload data can be regarded as ordinary coherent reception data, and the data recovery module 504 can perform demodulation using a conventional coherent reception algorithm to recover the duration of the transient effect [ Ta, Tb]
  • the payload data received may be an adaptive algorithm based on cyclic feedback, or may be a feedforward algorithm based on a training sequence.
  • the present invention does not limit a specific coherent demodulation algorithm.
  • the estimation module can estimate the transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator light source by using the first training sequence group included in the optical burst signal, and the compensation module can The transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source is compensated such that the transient effect of the rapidly adjustable local oscillator source becomes a steady state duration for a period of time. Therefore, compared with the existing burst optical signal receiving method, the burst optical signal receiving apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not increase the hardware resources and/or the cost power consumption, and the fast adjustable local oscillator light source is instantaneous. The duration of the effect can also carry payload data, which greatly increases the payload utilization and bandwidth utilization.
  • each functional module is merely an example, and may be considered in practical applications according to requirements, such as configuration requirements of corresponding hardware or convenience of implementation of software.
  • the above function assignment is performed by different functional modules, that is, the internal structure of the burst optical signal receiving apparatus is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the corresponding functional modules in this embodiment may be implemented by corresponding hardware, or may be implemented by corresponding hardware to execute corresponding software.
  • the foregoing estimation module may be configured to perform the foregoing use.
  • the first training sequence group estimates hardware that quickly adjusts the transient effects of the local oscillator source, such as an estimator, or can execute a corresponding computer program to complete
  • the general processor or other hardware device of the function; and the compensation module as described above may be hardware having the function of performing the foregoing compensation for the transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source, such as a compensator, or A general processor or other hardware device that performs the corresponding computer program to perform the aforementioned functions (the various described embodiments of the present specification may apply the above described principles).
  • the duration of the first training sequence group is [Tc,
  • Td Td
  • Tc the start time of the first training sequence group
  • Td the end time of the first training sequence group
  • Td the first training sequence set
  • Tc the first training sequence set is required to have a repeating first training sequence throughout the duration of the transient effect [Ta , Tb] Exist, using a mathematical relationship to indicate that Td is greater than Tb.
  • Tc may be equal to Ta, as shown in Fig. 3a, or Tc may be greater than Ta, as shown in Fig. 3b.
  • Fig. 3a the start time of the transient effect
  • FIG. 3a shows that the optical burst signal containing the first training sequence group arrives at the receiver when the wavelength of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source is switched, and the situation shown in Fig. 3b is fast.
  • the transient effect of the first training sequence group containing the optical burst signal of the first training sequence group after reaching the wavelength switching of the adjustable local oscillator light source reaches the receiver, and the transiently adjustable local oscillator light source actually includes the rapidly adjustable local oscillator light source.
  • the estimation module 502 illustrated in FIG. 5 may include a down conversion unit 601, a first sampling unit 602, and a first interpolation unit 603.
  • a down conversion unit 601 may include a down conversion unit 601 and a first sampling unit 602, and a first interpolation unit 603.
  • FIG. 6 the optical burst signal receiving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
  • a first sampling unit 602 configured to sample power of the electrical signal
  • a first interpolation unit 603 configured to calculate, by using a one-dimensional interpolation algorithm, a power curve of the electrical signal at a duration [Ta, Tb] of the transient effect, and use the power curve as the fast adjustable local oscillator The power transient of the light source.
  • the one-dimensional interpolation algorithm can be selected from linear interpolation, Lagrangian interpolation, Newton interpolation, Lamir interpolation or cubic spline interpolation according to actual conditions.
  • the estimation module 502 of the example of FIG. 5 may also include a down conversion unit 701 and a second sampling unit 702.
  • a second sampling unit 702 configured to sample a frequency of the electrical signal
  • a second interpolation unit 703 configured to calculate, by using a one-dimensional interpolation algorithm, a frequency curve of the duration of the transient signal [Ta, Tb] of the electrical signal, using the frequency curve as the fast adjustable local oscillator The frequency transient of the light source.
  • the one-dimensional interpolation algorithm can be selected from algorithms such as linear interpolation, Lagrangian interpolation, Newton interpolation, Lamir interpolation or cubic spline interpolation according to actual conditions.
  • the estimation module 502 of the example of FIG. 5 may also include a down conversion unit 801, a third sampling unit 802, and a third interpolation unit 803, such as the optical burst signal receiving apparatus provided by another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. : sequence EY of Ex and Y polarization states is downconverted to the electrical domain to obtain an electrical signal;
  • a third sampling unit 802 configured to sample a phase of the electrical signal
  • a third interpolation unit 803 configured to calculate a phase curve of the duration of the transient signal [Ta, Tb] of the electrical signal by using a one-dimensional interpolation algorithm, and use the phase curve as the fast adjustable local oscillator The phase transient of the light source.
  • the one-dimensional interpolation algorithm can be selected from algorithms such as linear interpolation, Lagrangian interpolation, Newton interpolation, Lamir interpolation or cubic spline interpolation according to actual conditions.
  • the optical burst signal further includes a second training sequence located before the first training sequence.
  • the optical burst signal receiving apparatus of any of Figs. 6 to 8 may further include a clock extraction module 901, such as the optical burst signal receiving apparatus provided in any of the examples of Fig. 9a, Fig. 9b, and Fig. 9c.
  • the clock extraction module 901 is configured to estimate a starting position of the optical burst signal using the second training sequence.
  • the second training sequence also includes a portion of the X polarization state and a portion of the Y polarization state.
  • the second training sequence also includes a portion of the X polarization state and a portion of the Y polarization state.
  • Ax [+Dx+Dx...-Dx+ Dx]
  • AY [+DY+DY...-DY+DY].
  • a second training sequence is added to the optical burst signal, and the clock extraction module 901 can estimate the optical burst using the second training sequence before estimating the transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator source using the first training sequence group.
  • the starting position of the signal that is, the clock for restoring the data frame (optical burst signal) based on the training sequences Ax and AY.
  • the Ax of the X polarization state and the AY of the Y polarization state may be based on the sequence Dx or DY and its delayed autocorrelation, the Ax of the X polarization state and the AY of the Y polarization state producing two overlapping spikes for indicating the frame header of the data frame.
  • spikes generated by the Ax of the X polarization state and the AY of the Y polarization state may also be superimposed.
  • the optical burst signal includes a third training sequence located after a certain first training sequence in the first training sequence group.
  • the optical burst signal receiving apparatus of any of Figs. 6 to 8 may further include a channel equalization module 1001, such as the optical burst signal receiving apparatus provided in any of the examples of Fig. 10a, Fig. 10b, and Fig. 10c.
  • the channel equalization module 1001 is configured to estimate and equalize channels of the system using the third training sequence.
  • the third training sequence includes a portion of the X polarization state and a portion of the Y polarization state.
  • the portion of the X-polarization state of the third training sequence is represented by Cx
  • the portion of the Y-polarization state of the third training sequence is represented by CY
  • CY [FYFY...FYFY]
  • Fx can be a pseudo-random sequence or other suitable sequence
  • FY is a shifted orthogonal sequence of Fx.
  • the channel equalization module 1001 can use the third training sequence to estimate and equalize the channel of the system.
  • the sequence Cx and sequence CY can be used to estimate the data frame header phase noise and channel characteristics by estimating the "interpolation" of the adjacent Fx or FY phase changes. Then, using the sequence Cx and the sequence CY for channel estimation and equalization, it is possible to implement an efficient frequency domain processing method using hardware.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an optical burst signal receiver comprising the optical burst signal receiving apparatus of any of the examples of Figures 6 to 10c.
  • the optical burst signal including payload data received within a duration [T, Tb] of the transient effect and a first training sequence set, the Ta being the beginning of the transient effect At a time, the Tb is an end time of the transient effect, the first training sequence group includes at least two repeated first training sequences; compensating for a transient effect of the fast adjustable local oscillator light source;
  • the payload data received at the duration [X, Tb] of the transient effect is recovered.
  • the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, which may include: a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • magnetic disk or an optical disk and the like.
  • optical burst signal receiving method and apparatus and an optical burst signal provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described above.
  • the description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention;
  • the present invention is not limited by the scope of the present invention, and the details of the present invention are not limited by the scope of the present invention.

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Abstract

本发明提供光突发信号接收方法、装置和一种光突发信号接收机，以在快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应期间也能承载净荷数据，提高传输效率。所述方法包括：接收光突发信号，所述光突发信号包括在瞬态效应的持续时间[Ta，Tb]内接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组，所述Ta是所述瞬态效应的开始时刻，所述Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻，所述第一训练序列组包括至少两个重复的第一训练序列；使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应；对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿；恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间[Ta，Tb]接收到的所述净荷数据。

Description

光突发信号接收方法、 装置和一种光突发信号接收机 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信领域， 尤其涉及光突发信号接收方法、装置和一种光突 发信号接收机。
背景技术
当前光通信网络中的光信号包括连续模式的光信号和突发模式的光信号。 其中， 突发模式的光信号筒称为光突发信号。 与连续模式的光信号不同的是， 一个完整的光突发信号实际上包括一段有光信号和一段无光信号，且有光信号 和无光信号间隔重复出现。 目前，光突发信号已广泛应用于网络接入层，例如， 无源光网络（Passive Optical Network, PON ) 中。 在更大范围上， 未来可能演 进的全光交换网，例如，光突发交换网或光分组交换网，也将使用光突发信号。 以光突发交换网或光分组交换网为例，由一个源节点去往一个宿节点的信息调 制在一个光突发上， 不同的光突发信号可能被传送和交换到不同的宿节点。 某 个宿节点接收到的光突发信号， 可能是载于不同波长（或频率）、 具有不同的 光强 （或幅度）和相位的光波。
为了能够接收上述光突发信号，有必要设计相应的光突发接收机。对于较 低速率（例如， 速率不大于 10Gb/s ) 、 幅度调制的光突发信号， 相应的光突发 接收机和相关技术已经成熟， 并用于或将用于 G比特或 10G比特的 PON。 然而， 对于较高速率（例如， 速率为 40 Gb/s、 100 Gb/s或更高） 、 相位调制或高阶调 制的光突发信号， 相关技术刚开始研究。
现有技术提供的一种突发光信号接收方法是：将收到的经模数转换得到的 信号在预采样后分成两路，一路进入一个预处理模块通过一部分算法处理进行 收敛， 另一路进入一个緩存模块。 等到进行的算法收敛后， 预处理模块将计算 出来的相关参数提供给位于緩存模块之后的数字信号处理处理（Digital Sigal Processing , DSP )模块以进行数据恢复。
由于相对于微秒级的光突发包（光突发信号的数据内容）的长度而言， 传 统 DSP的收敛速度较慢， 例如， DSP收敛时间为 4us, 而一个光突发包时长 5us
1 (这意味着该光突发的前 4us时间都是用于算法收敛， 而只有最后 lus才能恢复 数据， 即， 前 4us不能真正用于承载数据， 而只有后 lus才用于承载数据）， 即， 有效净荷只占 20%, 传输效率很低。 因此， 上述现有技术提供的突发光信号接 收方法中将信号在预采样后分成两路的处理模式，在一定程度上提高了有效净 荷。 然而， 上述现有技术中预处理模块使用的算法并没有增加收敛速度， 有效 净荷的提高是通过增加预处理模块和緩存模块来实现，而增加预处理模块在一 定程度上增加了硬件资源， 而增加緩存模块则增加了时延， 成本功耗也随之加 大。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供光突发信号接收方法、 装置和一种光突发信号接收机， 以在快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应期间也能承载净荷数据， 提高传输效率。
本发明的一方面提供一种光突发信号接收方法， 所述方法包括：
接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收 到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应的开始时刻， 所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻，所述第一训练序列组包括至少两个重复的第一 训练序列； 对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿；
恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所述净荷数据。
本发明的另一方面提供一种光突发信号接收装置， 所述装置包括： 接收模块， 用于接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括瞬态效应的持续时 间 [Ta , Tb]接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应的开 始时刻，所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻，所述第一训练序列组包括至少两 个重复的第一训练序列；
估计模块，用于使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效 应；
补偿模块， 用于对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿；
数据恢复模块， 用于恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所
2 述净荷数据， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应的开始时刻， 所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的 结束时刻。
从上述本发明实施例可知，由于可以使用光突发信号中包含的第一训练序 列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应，并对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效 应进行补偿， 使得快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应那一段时间变成稳态持续时 间。 因此， 与现有的突发光信号接收方法相比， 本发明实施例提供的突发光信 号接收方法不以增加硬件资源和 /或成本功耗为前提， 在快速可调本振光源的 瞬态效应持续时间也能够承载净荷数据，从而大幅提高的了净荷利用率和带宽 利用率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对现有技术或实施例 描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍，显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅 是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动 性的前提下， 还可以如这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收方法流程示意图；
图 2a是快速可调本振光源在瞬态效应期间的功率曲线图；
图 2b是快速可调本振光源在瞬态效应期间的频率曲线图；
图 3a是本发明实施例提供的第一训练序列的开始时刻等于快速可调本振 光源瞬态效应的开始时刻示意图；
图 3b是本发明实施例提供的第一训练序列的开始时刻大于快速可调本振 光源瞬态效应的开始时刻示意图；
图 4是本发明实施例提供的光突发信号包含的第一训练序列、 第二训练序 列和第三训练序列的结构示意图；
图 5是本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图；
图 6是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 7是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 8是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 9a是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图；
3 图 9b是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 9c是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 10a是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 10b是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图； 图 10c是本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供光突发信号接收方法、 装置和一种光突发信号接收机， 以在快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应期间也能承载净荷数据， 提高带宽利用率。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅附图 1 , 是本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收方法流程示意图。 主要包括步骤 S101、 步骤 S102、 步骤 S103和步骤 S104:
S101 , 接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括在瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta,
Tb]内接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组，所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应的开始时 刻， 所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻， 所述第一训练序列组包括至少两个 重复的第一训练序列。
在本发明实施例中， 接收的光突发信号在瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta , Tb] 内除了包括净荷（ pay load )数据， 还包括加入的第一训练序列组， 用于对一 些光源的瞬态效应进行估计。第一训练序列组包括至少两个重复的第一训练序 歹 ij , 而每个第一训练序列可以是包括若干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重 复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY。 为了描述的方便， 以下使用 Bx表示第一训练序列 中 X偏振态的部分， 使用 BY表示第一训练序列中 Y偏振态的部分， 即， Bx = [ΕχΕχ. , .ΕχΕχ] , ΒΥ = [ΕΥΕΥ...ΕΥΕΥ] , Ex和 ΕΥ都可以是短序歹 'J。
S102 , 使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应。
现有的光突发信号接收机在接收光突发信号时， 是将本地振荡器（Local Oscillator, LO )产生的光源和接收到的光突发信号分別接入一个偏振分光器，
4 然后进入光混频器。从光混频器输出的信号输入至光探测器进行光电转换。转 换后输出的电信号经过自动增益放大器放大后进入模数转换器。 最后， 经过数 字信号处理器（ Digital Signal Proccessor, DSP )一系列的相关处理， 恢复出由 光波承载的原始数据。 由于每个光突发信号持续时间很短（例如， 微秒量级）， 整个光突发信号接收机、 尤其是 DSP需要快速响应以便及时恢复出数据。 因 此，上述现有的光突发信号接收机可能无法正常接收光突发信号以及从中恢复 由光波承载的原始数据。
在光突发交换网络中，到达每个光突发信号接收机的光突发信号有可能是 载于不同波长的光波上。 因此， 为了使 LO产生的光源的波长能够与每个收到 的光突发信号的波长保持一致，上述现有的光突发信号接收机中的 LO可以使 用快速可调的本地振荡器（ Fast Tunable Local Oscillator, FTLO )代替。
由于目前的 FTLO大多是基于半导体激光器，而半导体激光器因为载流子 和光子的弛豫时间， 在快速调节波长之后会有一段瞬态效应 ( transients effect ) 过程。 在瞬态效应期间， 产生的光源的功率、 波长（或频率）和线宽等仍然处 于快速变化的状态。 瞬态效应过后， FTLO所产生的光源的功率、 波长和线宽 才变得稳定， 如附图 2a和附图 2b所示， 分別是 FTLO所产生的光源在瞬态效 应期间的功率曲线图和频率曲线图。 为了描述的方便， 在本发明实施例中， 将 FTLO所产生的光源筒称为快速可调本振光源。 在 FTLO瞬态效应期间， 由于 快速可调本振光源的功率、 波长（或频率）和线宽的快速变化， 导致从光探测 器输出的电信号也快速变化， 一般的 DSP的响应速度跟不上这种快速变化， 如此， 4艮难通过数字信号处理恢复光突发信号中承载的原始数据。 换言之， 现 有的光突发信号接收机， 即使使用 FTLO代替了 LO, 在 FTLO的瞬态效应期 间通常不能承载净荷数据。
为了使得光突发信号接收机能够在 FTLO 的瞬态效应期间也能承载净荷 数据， 从而提高传输效率， 在本发明实施例中， 可以使用步骤 S101中加入的 第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应，然后对快速可调本振光源 的瞬态效应进行补偿，如此， 快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应的那一段时间变成 了 "稳态" 持续时间， 于是， 可以在这段 "稳态" 持续时间承载净荷数据。
5 5103 , 对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿。
所谓补偿， 即是根据上述步骤 S102估计出的瞬态效应， 对瞬态效应持续 时间内的净荷数据进行相应的逆向处理， 以完全消除瞬态效应带来的影响。换 言之，补偿的最终目的或效果是将快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应的那一段时间 变成 "稳态" 持续时间， 以便在这段 "稳态" 持续时间也能够承载净荷数据。
5104,恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]内接收到的所述净荷数据。 经过上述瞬态效应补偿之后，该段净荷数据已可以看成普通的相干接收数 据， 可以采用常规的相干接收算法进行解调， 恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所述净荷数据。 在本发明实施例中， 相干解调算法可以是基 于循环反馈的自适应算法，也可以是基于训练序列的前馈算法， 本发明对具体 的相干解调算法不做限定。
从上述本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收方法可知，由于可以使用光突 发信号中包含的第一训练序列估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应，并对所述快 速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行;^卜偿，使得快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应那一 段时间变成稳态持续时间。 因此， 与现有的突发光信号接收方法相比， 本发明 实施例提供的突发光信号接收方法不以增加硬件资源和 /或成本功耗为前提， 在快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应持续时间也能够承载净荷数据，从而大幅提高 的了信道的传输效率。
若第一训练序列组持续时间表示为 [Tc, Td] , 其中， Tc是所述第一训练序 列组的开始时刻， Td是所述第一训练序列组的结束时刻。 由于需要使用第一训 练组序列估计快速可调本振光源的整个瞬态效应， 因此， 需要第一训练序列组 在整个瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]内具有重复的第一训练序列存在， 使用数 学关系表示即 Td大于 Tb。 至于第一训练序列组的开始时刻 Tc与瞬态效应的开 始时刻 Ta的关系， 可以是 Tc等于 Ta, 如附图 3a所示， 也可以是 Tc大于 Ta, 如附 图 3b所示。 显然， 附图 3a所示情形表示的是在快速可调本振光源的波长切换之 时包含第一训练序列组的光突发信号即到达接收机，附图 3b所示情形表示的是 在快速可调本振光源的波长切换之后一段时间包含第一训练序列组的光突发 信号才到达接收机。
6 如前所述， 快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应 ( transients effect ) 实际上包括 快速可调本振光源的功率瞬变（ power transients )、快速可调本振光源的频率瞬 变 ( frequency transients )和快速可调本振光源的相位瞬变 ( phase transients ) 等等。
作为使用第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应的第一实施 例， 可以使用快速可调本振光源将所述第一训练序列中 X偏振态的序列 Ex和 Y 偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号， 然后对所述电信号的功率进行采 样， 最后， 使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的功率曲线，以所述功率曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源的功率瞬变。 在本实施例中， 一维插值算法可以根据实际情况从线性插值、 拉格朗日插值、 牛顿插值、 拉米尔插值或三次样条插值等算法中选取。
作为使用第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应的第二实施 例， 可以使用快速可调本振光源将所述第一训练序列中 X偏振态的序列 Ex和 Y 偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号， 然后对所述电信号的频率进行采 样， 最后， 使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的频率曲线，以所述频率曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源的频率瞬变。 同样地， 在本实施例中， 一维插值算法可以根据实际情况从线性插值、 拉格朗 日插值、 牛顿插值、 拉米尔插值或三次样条插值等算法中选取。
需要说明的是，上述使用一维插值算法计算电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续 时间 [Ta , Tb]的频率曲线， 具体可以是在每个 Bx或 BY出现时， 计算其中包括 的每个 Ex或 EY之间的相位变化； 由于单位时间内的相位变化就是频率， 因此， 计算出了每个 Ex或 EY之间的相位变化相当于近似估计出频率。 多个 Bx或 BY就 可以估计出多个频率采样点， 从而通过插值拟出整个频率曲线。
作为使用第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应的第三实施 例， 可以使用快速可调本振光源将所述第一训练序列中 X偏振态的序列 Ex和 Y 偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号， 然后对所述电信号的相位进行采 样， 最后， 使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的相位曲线，以所述相位曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源的相位瞬变。 同样地， 在本实施例中， 一维插值算法可以根据实际情况从线性插值、 拉格朗 日插值、 牛顿插值、 拉米尔插值或三次样条插值等算法中选取。
需要进一步说明的是，为了提高快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应的估计准确 度， 可以增加 Bx或 BY中 X偏振态的序列 Ex或 Y偏振态的序列 EY的数目。
在本发明实施例中，可以在光突发信号中位于第一训练序列组中某个第一 训练序列之前的位置加入第二训练序列， 第二训练序列也包括 X偏振态的部分 和 Y偏振态的部分。 为了下文描述方便， 第二训练序列的 X偏振态的部分使用 Ax表示， 第二训练序列的 Y偏振态的部分使用 AY表示， Ax和 AY分別包括若干 序列 Dx和 DY, 即， Ax = [+Dx+Dx...-Dx+Dx] , AY = [+DY+DY. . . -DY+DY]。 光 突发信号中加入了第二训练序列，可以在使用第一训练序列组估计快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应之前，使用所述第二训练序列估计所述光突发信号的起始位 置， 即， 基于训练序列 Ax和 AY恢复数据帧 （光突发信号） 的时钟。 具体地， 可以是基于序列 Dx或 DY及其延迟的自相关， X偏振态的 Ax和 Y偏振态的 AY产 生两个重叠的尖峰用于指示数据帧的帧头。 为了更加准确地指示数据帧的帧 头， 在本发明实施例中， 还可以将由 X偏振态的 Ax和 Y偏振态的 AY产生的尖 峰叠力口。
在本发明实施例中，也可以在光突发信号中位于第一训练序列组中某个第 一训练序列之后的位置加入第三训练序列， 第三训练序列包括 X偏振态的部分 和 Y偏振态的部分。 为了下文描述方便， 第三训练序列的 X偏振态的部分使用 Cx表示， 第三训练序列的 Y偏振态的部分使用 CY表示， Cx和 CY分別包括若干 序列 Fx和 FY, 即， Cx = [FxFx...FxFx] , CY = [FYFY...FYFY] ， 其中， Fx可以是 伪随机序列， 也可以是其他合适的序列， 而 FY是 Fx的移位正交序列。 光突发 信号中加入了第三训练序列后， 对快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿之 后， 可以使用所述第三训练序列对系统的信道进行估计和均衡。 首先， 可以使 用序列 Cx和序列 CY来估计数据帧帧头 （header )相位噪声和信道特性， 方法 是估计相邻的 Fx或 FY相位变化后 "插值"。 然后， 利用序列 Cx和序列 CY进行信 道估计和均衡， 可以是使用硬件实现高效的频域处理方法。 例如， 对于一个 2 X 2多输入多输出 （Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO ) 系统， 估计信道矩
8 阵系数 (Ηχχ, HXy, HyX, Hyy) , 然后计算均衡器的矩阵系数， 其可以是基于 最小均方误差方法（Minimum Mean Square Error, MMSE )。 相对于现有技术 采用盲均衡的方法，例如，基于恒模算法（Constant Modulus Algorithm, CMA ) 等， 该方法提供快速和稳定的信道均衡， 与实际信道特性无关。
整个 DSP架构后续还包括时间恢复， 相位均衡和恢复等模块。 本领域技术 人员应该熟悉相关技术， 不再赘述。 最终 DSP输出的是恢复出的数据。
附图 4给出了本发明实施例中所接收到的光突发信号包含的第一训练序 列、 第二训练序列和第三训练序列的结构示意图。
请参阅附图 5 , 是本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置结构示意图。 为了便于说明， 仅仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分。 附图 5示例的光突发 信号接收装置包括接收模块 501、 估计模块 502、 补偿模块 503和数据恢复模块 504, 其中：
接收模块 501 , 用于接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括瞬态效应的持 续时间 [Ta , Tb]接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应 的开始时刻，所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻，所述第一训练序列组包括至 少两个重复的第一训练序列。
在本实施例中， 接收模块 501接收的光突发信号在瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]内除了包括净荷 ( pay load )数据， 还包括加入的第一训练序列组， 用 于对一些光源的瞬态效应进行估计。第一训练序列组包括至少两个重复的第一 训练序列， 而每个第一训练序列可以是包括若干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若 干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY。为了描述的方便， 以下使用 Bx表示第一训练序列 中 X偏振态的部分， 使用 BY表示第一训练序列中 Y偏振态的部分， 即， Bx = [ExEx ... ExEx] , BY = [ΕΥΕΥ ... ΕΥΕΥ] , Εχ和 ΕΥ都可以是短序歹 'J。
估计模块 502, 用于使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬 态效应。
补偿模块 503 , 用于对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿。
为了使得光突发信号接收机能够在 FTLO的瞬态效应期间也能承载净荷数 据， 从而提高传输效率， 在本实施例中， 估计模块 502可以使用加入的第一训
9 练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应， 然后补偿模块 503对快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿。 所谓补偿， 即是补偿模块 503根据估计模块 502 估计出的瞬态效应， 对瞬态效应持续时间内的净荷数据进行相应的逆向处理， 以完全消除瞬态效应带来的影响。换言之， 补偿的最终目的或效果是将快速可 调本振光源的瞬态效应的那一段时间变成 "稳态"持续时间， 以便在这段 "稳 态" 持续时间也能够承载净荷数据。
数据恢复模块 504, 用于恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到 的所述净荷数据。
经过补偿模块 503的瞬态效应补偿之后， 该段净荷数据已可以看成普通的 相干接收数据， 数据恢复模块 504可以采用常规的相干接收算法进行解调， 恢 复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所述净荷数据。在本实施例中， 相干解调算法可以是基于循环反馈的自适应算法，也可以是基于训练序列的前 馈算法， 本发明对具体的相干解调算法不做限定。
从上述本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置可知，由于估计模块可以 使用光突发信号中包含的第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应， 而补偿模块可以对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿，使得快速可调 本振光源的瞬态效应那一段时间变成稳态持续时间。 因此， 与现有的突发光信 号接收方法相比，本发明实施例提供的突发光信号接收装置不以增加硬件资源 和 /或成本功耗为前提， 在快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应持续时间也能够承载 净荷数据， 从而大幅提高的了净荷利用率和带宽利用率。
需要说明的是， 以上突发光信号接收装置的实施方式中，各功能模块的划 分仅是举例说明， 实际应用中可以根据需要， 例如相应硬件的配置要求或者软 件的实现的便利考虑， 而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成， 即将所述突 发光信号接收装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部 或者部分功能。 而且， 实际应用中， 本实施例中的相应的功能模块可以是由相 应的硬件实现， 也可以由相应的硬件执行相应的软件完成， 例如， 前述的估计 模块，可以是具有执行前述使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的 瞬态效应的硬件， 例如估计器，也可以是能够执行相应计算机程序从而完成前
10 述功能的一般处理器或者其他硬件设备； 再如前述的补偿模块， 可以是具有执 行前述对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿功能的硬件， 例如补偿 器，也可以是能够执行相应计算机程序从而完成前述功能的一般处理器或者其 他硬件设备（本说明书提供的各个实施例都可应用上述描述原则）。
附图 5示例的光突发信号接收装置中， 第一训练序列组持续时间为 [Tc,
Td] , 其中， Tc是所述第一训练序列组的开始时刻， Td是所述第一训练序列组 的结束时刻， 且 Td大于所述 Tb。 由于需要使用第一训练组序列估计快速可调 本振光源的整个瞬态效应， 因此， 需要第一训练序列组在整个瞬态效应的持续 时间 [Ta , Tb]内具有重复的第一训练序列存在，使用数学关系表示即 Td大于 Tb。 至于第一训练序列组的开始时刻 Tc与瞬态效应的开始时刻 Ta的关系， 可以是 Tc等于 Ta, 如附图 3a所示， 也可以是 Tc大于 Ta, 如附图 3b所示。 显然， 附图 3a 所示情形表示的是在快速可调本振光源的波长切换之时包含第一训练序列组 的光突发信号即到达接收机，附图 3b所示情形表示的是在快速可调本振光源的 波长切换之后一段时间包含第一训练序列组的光突发信号才到达接收机快速 可调本振光源的瞬态效应 （transients effect ) 实际上包括快速可调本振光源的 功率瞬变 （ power transients )、 快速可调本振光源的频率瞬变 （ frequency transients )和快速可调本振光源的相位瞬变 ( phase transients )等等。
附图 5示例的估计模块 502可以包括下变频单元 601、第一采样单元 602和第 一插值单元 603 , 如附图 6所示本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装置， 其中：
Ex和 Y偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
第一采样单元 602, 用于对所述电信号的功率进行采样；
第一插值单元 603 , 用于使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态 效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的功率曲线， 以所述功率曲线作为所述快速可调本振 光源的功率瞬变。在本实施例中，一维插值算法可以根据实际情况从线性插值、 拉格朗日插值、 牛顿插值、 拉米尔插值或三次样条插值等算法中选取。
附图 5示例的估计模块 502也可以包括下变频单元 701、 第二采样单元 702
11 和第二插值单元 703 ,如附图 7所示本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装 置， 其中：
Ex和 Y偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
第二采样单元 702, 用于对所述电信号的频率进行采样；
第二插值单元 703 , 用于使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态 效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的频率曲线， 以所述频率曲线作为所述快速可调本振 光源的频率瞬变。 同样地， 在本实施例中， 一维插值算法可以根据实际情况从 线性插值、 拉格朗日插值、 牛顿插值、 拉米尔插值或三次样条插值等算法中选 取。
附图 5示例的估计模块 502也可以包括下变频单元 801、 第三采样单元 802 和第三插值单元 803 ,如附图 8所示本发明另一实施例提供的光突发信号接收装 置， 其中： Ex和 Y偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
第三采样单元 802, 用于对所述电信号的相位进行采样；
第三插值单元 803 , 用于使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态 效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的相位曲线， 以所述相位曲线作为所述快速可调本振 光源的相位瞬变。 同样地， 在本实施例中， 一维插值算法可以根据实际情况从 线性插值、 拉格朗日插值、 牛顿插值、 拉米尔插值或三次样条插值等算法中选 取。
附图 6至图 8任一示例的光突发信号接收装置中，所述光突发信号还包括位 于所述第一训练序列之前的第二训练序列。附图 6至图 8任一示例的光突发信号 接收装置还可以包括时钟提取模块 901 , 如附图 9a、 附图 9b和附图 9c任一示例 提供的光突发信号接收装置。 时钟提取模块 901用于使用所述第二训练序列估 计所述光突发信号的起始位置。
在附图 9a、 附图 9b或附图 9c示例的光突发信号接收装置中， 第二训练序列 也包括 X偏振态的部分和 Y偏振态的部分。 为了下文描述方便， 第二训练序列
12 的 X偏振态的部分使用 Ax表示， 第二训练序列的 Y偏振态的部分使用 AY表示， Ax和 AY分別包括若干序列 Dx和 DY , 即， Ax = [+Dx+Dx...-Dx+Dx] , AY = [+DY+DY...-DY+DY]。 光突发信号中加入了第二训练序列， 时钟提取模块 901 可以在使用第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应之前，使用所述 第二训练序列估计所述光突发信号的起始位置， 即，基于训练序列 Ax和 AY恢 复数据帧 （光突发信号） 的时钟。 具体地， 可以是基于序列 Dx或 DY及其延迟 的自相关， X偏振态的 Ax和 Y偏振态的 AY产生两个重叠的尖峰用于指示数据 帧的帧头。 为了更加准确地指示数据帧的帧头， 在本发明实施例中， 还可以将 由 X偏振态的 Ax和 Y偏振态的 AY产生的尖峰叠加。
附图 6至图 8任一示例的光突发信号接收装置中，所述光突发信号包括位于 所述第一训练序列组中某个第一训练序列之后的第三训练序列。 附图 6至图 8 任一示例的光突发信号接收装置还可以包括信道均衡模块 1001 , 如附图 10a、 附图 10b和附图 10c任一示例提供的光突发信号接收装置。 信道均衡模块 1001 用于使用所述第三训练序列对系统的信道进行估计和均衡。
在附图 10a、 附图 10b或附图 10c示例的光突发信号接收装置中， 第三训练 序列包括 X偏振态的部分和 Y偏振态的部分。 为了下文描述方便， 第三训练序 列的 X偏振态的部分使用 Cx表示， 第三训练序列的 Y偏振态的部分使用 CY表 示， Cx和 CY分別包括若干序列 Fx和 FY , 即， Cx = [FxFx...FxFx] , CY = [FYFY...FYFY] ， 其中， Fx可以是伪随机序列， 也可以是其他合适的序列， 而 FY是 Fx的移位正交序列。 光突发信号中加入了第三训练序列后， 对快速可调 本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿之后，信道均衡模块 1001可以使用所述第三训练 序列对系统的信道进行估计和均衡。 首先， 可以使用序列 Cx和序列 CY来估计 数据帧帧头（header )相位噪声和信道特性， 方法是估计相邻的 Fx或 FY相位变 化后 "插值"。 然后， 利用序列 Cx和序列 CY进行信道估计和均衡， 可以是使用 硬件实现高效的频域处理方法。 例如， 对于一个 2 x 2多输入多输出 （Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO )系统，估计信道矩阵系数 (Hxx, Hxy , Hyx, Hyy) , 然后计算均衡器的矩阵系数，其可以是基于最小均方误差方法（Minimum Mean Square Error, MMSE )。 相对于现有技术采用盲均衡的方法， 例如， 基于 CMA
13 等， 该方法提供快速和稳定的信道均衡， 与实际信道特性无关。
本发明实施例还提供一种光突发信号接收机，其包括附图 6至附图 10c任一 示例的光突发信号接收装置。
需要说明的是， 上述装置各模块 /单元之间的信息交互、 执行过程等内容， 由于与本发明方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果与本发明方法实施 例相同， 具体内容可参见本发明方法实施例中的叙述， 此处不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步 骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，比如以下各种方法的一种或多种 或全部：
接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括在瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta , Tb] 内接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应的开始时刻， 所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻 ,所述第一训练序列组包括至少两个重复的 第一训练序列； 对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行 卜偿；
恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所述净荷数据。
该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质可以包括： 只读存 储器（ROM, Read Only Memory ), 随机存取存储器（RAM, Random Access Memory ), 磁盘或光盘等。
以上对本发明实施例提供的光突发信号接收方法、装置和一种光突发信号 行了阐述， 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想； 同时， 对于本领域的一般技术人员， 依据本发明的思想， 在具体实施方式及应 用范围上均会有改变之处， 综上所述， 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限 制。
14

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种光突发信号接收方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括在瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta , Tb] 内接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应的开始时刻， 所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻 ,所述第一训练序列组包括至少两个重复的 第一训练序列；
使用所述第一训练序列估计组快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应；
对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿；
恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所述净荷数据。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列组持续时间 为 [Tc, Td] , 所述 Tc是所述第一训练序列组的开始时刻， 所述 Td是所述第一训 练序列组的结束时刻， 所述 Td大于所述 Tb。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列包括若 干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY, 所述快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应包括所述快速可调本振光源的功率瞬变；
所述使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应包括：
EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
对所述电信号的功率进行采样；
使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb] 的功率曲线， 以所述功率曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源的功率瞬变。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列包括若 干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY, 所述快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应包括所述快速可调本振光源的频率瞬变；
所述使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应包括：
EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
对所述电信号的频率进行采样；
15 使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta , Tb] 的频率曲线， 以所述频率曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源的频率瞬变。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列包括若 干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY, 所述快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应包括所述快速可调本振光源的相位瞬变；
所述使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应包括：
EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
对所述电信号的相位进行采样；
使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb] 的相位曲线， 以所述相位曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源的相位瞬变。
6、 如权利要求 1至 5任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述光突发信号 还包括位于所述第一训练序列组中某个第一训练序列之前的第二训练序列，所 述使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应之前进一步包 括： 使用所述第二训练序列估计所述光突发信号的起始位置。
7、 如权利要求 1至 6任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述光突发信号 还包括位于所述第一训练序列组中某个第一训练序列之后的第三训练序列，所 述对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿之后进一步包括：使用所述第 三训练序列对系统的信道进行估计和均衡。
8、 一种光突发信号接收装置， 其特征在于， 所述装置包括：
接收模块， 用于接收光突发信号， 所述光突发信号包括在瞬态效应的持续 时间 [Ta , Tb]内接收到的净荷数据和第一训练序列组， 所述 Ta是所述瞬态效应 的开始时刻，所述 Tb是所述瞬态效应的结束时刻，所述第一训练序列组包括至 少两个重复的第一训练序列；
估计模块，用于使用所述第一训练序列组估计快速可调本振光源的瞬态效 应；
补偿模块， 用于对所述快速可调本振光源的瞬态效应进行补偿；
数据恢复模块， 用于恢复在所述瞬态效应的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]接收到的所
16 述净荷数据。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列组持续时间 为 [Tc, Td] , 所述 Tc是所述第一训练序列组的开始时刻， 所述 Td是所述第一训 练序列组的结束时刻， 所述 Td大于所述 Tb。
10、 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列包括若 干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY, 所述快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应包括所述快速可调本振光源的功率瞬变；
所述估计模块包括：
下变频单元， 用于使用所述快速可调本振光源将所述 X偏振态的序列 Ex和 Y偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
第一采样单元， 用于对所述电信号的功率进行采样；
第一插值单元，用于使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应 的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的功率曲线， 以所述功率曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源 的功率瞬变。
11、 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列包括若 干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY, 所述快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应包括所述快速可调本振光源的频率瞬变；
所述估计模块包括：
下变频单元， 用于使用所述快速可调本振光源将所述 X偏振态的序列 Ex和 Y偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
第二采样单元， 用于对所述电信号的频率进行采样；
第二插值单元，用于使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应 的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的频率曲线， 以所述频率曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源 的频率瞬变。
12、 如权利要求 8或 9所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一训练序列包括若 干重复的 X偏振态的序列 Ex和若干重复的 Y偏振态的序列 EY, 所述快速可调本 振光源的瞬态效应包括所述快速可调本振光源的相位瞬变；
所述估计模块包括：
17 下变频单元， 用于使用所述快速可调本振光源将所述 X偏振态的序列 Ex和 Y偏振态的序列 EY下变频至电域得到电信号；
第三采样单元， 用于对所述电信号的相位进行采样；
第三插值单元，用于使用一维插值算法计算出所述电信号在所述瞬态效应 的持续时间 [Ta, Tb]的相位曲线， 以所述相位曲线作为所述快速可调本振光源 的相位瞬变。
13、 如权利要求 8至 12任意一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述光突发信 号还包括位于所述第一训练序列组中某个第一训练序列之前的第二训练序列， 所述装置还包括：
时钟提取模块，用于使用所述第二训练序列估计所述光突发信号的起始位 置。
14、 如权利要求 8至 13任意一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述光突发信 号包括位于所述第一训练序列组中某个第一训练序列之后的第三训练序列，所 述装置还包括：
信道均衡模块， 用于使用所述第三训练序列对系统的信道进行估计和均 衡。
18
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