WO2013191447A1 - 무선랜에서 초기 액세스 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선랜에서 초기 액세스 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013191447A1 WO2013191447A1 PCT/KR2013/005372 KR2013005372W WO2013191447A1 WO 2013191447 A1 WO2013191447 A1 WO 2013191447A1 KR 2013005372 W KR2013005372 W KR 2013005372W WO 2013191447 A1 WO2013191447 A1 WO 2013191447A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/02—Access restriction performed under specific conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless LAN, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for performing initial access in a wireless LAN.
- IEEE 802.11ac is a wireless LAN technology using a 60GHz band.
- IEEE 802.11af which utilizes a TV white space (TVWS) band.
- IEEE 802.11ah utilizing the 900MHz band. They aim primarily at the expansion of extended grid Wi-Fi services, as well as smart grid and wide area sensor networks.
- the existing WLAN medium access control (MAC) technology has a problem that the initial link setup time is very long in some cases.
- the IEEE 802.11ai standardization activity has been actively performed recently.
- IEEE 802.11ai is a MAC technology that addresses the rapid authentication process to drastically reduce the initial set-up and association time of WLAN. Standardization activities began in January 2011 as a formal task group. It became. In order to enable the fast access procedure, IEEE 802.11ai is based on AP discovery, network discovery, time synchronization function synchronization, Authentication & Association, and higher layer. Discussion of process simplification is underway in areas such as merging procedures with the Among them, procedure merging using piggyback of dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP), optimization of full EAP (extensible authentication protocol) using concurrent IP, and efficient selective access (AP) point) Ideas such as scanning are actively discussed.
- DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol
- EAP efficient selective access
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for performing an initial access method.
- an initial access (initial access) method of a station (STA) receives the initial access configuration information from an access point (AP), the STA And determining whether the STA performs the initial access based on the initial access configuration information and the initial access determination information of the STA, wherein the initial access configuration information is performed by the STA for initial access.
- Information for determining whether to perform the information, the initial access setting information includes user priority or access category information, and the user priority is information for indicating an STA to allow the AP to access the initial access, and the access The category is information for indicating the type of traffic data of the STA that the AP allows the initial access.
- determining the initial access information may be the user or priority information of the access category corresponding to the STA.
- the STA comprises a processor
- the processor is the STA is the initial access from the access point (AP)
- Receiving the configuration information and the STA may be configured to determine whether the STA performs the initial access based on the initial access configuration information and the initial access determination information of the STA, wherein the initial access configuration information is Information for determining whether an STA performs initial access, the initial access setting information includes user priority or access category information, and the user priority indicates that the AP allows the initial access to the STA.
- Information for the STA wherein the access category indicates traffic of the STA to which the AP allows the initial access.
- Information for indicating the type of data the initial access determination information may be the user priority or the access category information corresponding to the STA.
- a large number of STAs may distribute STAs performing initial access to the AP.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a layer architecture of a WLAN system supported by IEEE 802.11.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a scanning method in a WLAN.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after scanning of an AP and an STA.
- 5 is a conceptual diagram for an active scanning procedure.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting a probe request frame.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a DCF access procedure.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backoff procedure of a plurality of STAs.
- 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an interval between frames.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of obtaining a TXOP of an STA.
- 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an EDCA channel reference model.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backoff procedure of the EDCA.
- 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating Polled TXOP timing.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an initial access restriction method of an AP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an initial access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an initial access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 17 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- FIG. 1A shows the structure of an infrastructure network of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.
- IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
- the WLAN system may include one or more basic service sets (BSSs) 100 and 105.
- the BSSs 100 and 105 are a set of APs and STAs such as an access point 125 and a STA1 (station 100-1) capable of successfully synchronizing and communicating with each other, and do not indicate a specific area.
- the BSS 105 may include one or more joinable STAs 105-1 and 105-2 to one AP 130.
- the infrastructure BSS may include at least one STA, APs 125 and 130 that provide a distribution service, and a distribution system DS that connects a plurality of APs.
- the distributed system 110 may connect several BSSs 100 and 105 to implement an extended service set (ESS) 140 which is an extended service set.
- ESS 140 may be used as a term indicating one network in which one or several APs 125 and 230 are connected through the distributed system 110.
- APs included in one ESS 140 may have the same service set identification (SSID).
- the portal 120 may serve as a bridge for connecting the WLAN network (IEEE 802.11) with another network (for example, 802.X).
- a network between the APs 125 and 130 and a network between the APs 125 and 130 and the STAs 100-1, 105-1, and 105-2 may be implemented. have. However, it may be possible to perform communication by setting up a network even between STAs without the APs 125 and 130.
- a network that performs communication by establishing a network even between STAs without APs 125 and 130 is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (BSS).
- 1B is a conceptual diagram illustrating an independent BSS.
- an independent BSS is a BSS operating in an ad-hoc mode. Since IBSS does not contain an AP, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in the IBSS, the STAs 150-1, 150-2, 150-3, 155-1, and 155-2 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 150-1, 150-2, 150-3, 155-1, and 155-2 may be mobile STAs, and access to a distributed system is not allowed, thus allowing a self-contained network. network).
- a STA is any functional medium that includes a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer interface to a wireless medium that conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard. May be used to mean both an AP and a non-AP STA (Non-AP Station).
- MAC medium access control
- IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- the STA may include a mobile terminal, a wireless device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile subscriber unit ( It may also be called various names such as a mobile subscriber unit or simply a user.
- WTRU wireless transmit / receive unit
- UE user equipment
- MS mobile station
- UE mobile subscriber unit
- It may also be called various names such as a mobile subscriber unit or simply a user.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a layer architecture of a WLAN system supported by IEEE 802.11.
- FIG. 2 conceptually illustrates a PHY architecture of a WLAN system.
- the hierarchical architecture of the WLAN system may include a medium access control (MAC) sublayer 220, a physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) sublayer 210, and a physical medium dependent (PMD) sublayer 200.
- MAC medium access control
- PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
- PMD physical medium dependent
- the PLCP sublayer 210 is implemented such that the MAC sublayer 220 can operate with a minimum dependency on the PMD sublayer 200.
- the PMD sublayer 200 may serve as a transmission interface for transmitting and receiving data between a plurality of STAs.
- the MAC sublayer 220, the PLCP sublayer 210, and the PMD sublayer 200 may conceptually include a management entity.
- the management unit of the MAC sublayer 220 is referred to as a MAC Layer Management Entity (MLME) 225, and the management unit of the physical layer is referred to as a PHY Layer Management Entity (PLME).
- MLME MAC Layer Management Entity
- PLME PHY Layer Management Entity
- Such management units may provide an interface on which layer management operations are performed.
- the PLME 215 may be connected to the MLME 225 to perform management operations of the PLCP sublayer 210 and the PMD sublayer 200, and the MLME 225 may also be connected to the PLME 215 and connected to the MAC.
- a management operation of the sublayer 220 may be performed.
- SME 250 may operate as a component independent of the layer.
- the MLME, PLME, and SME may transmit and receive information between mutual components based on primitives.
- the PLCP sublayer 110 may convert the MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) received from the MAC sublayer 220 according to the indication of the MAC layer between the MAC sublayer 220 and the PMD sublayer 200. Or a frame coming from the PMD sublayer 200 to the MAC sublayer 220.
- the PMD sublayer 200 may be a PLCP lower layer to perform data transmission and reception between a plurality of STAs over a wireless medium.
- the MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) delivered by the MAC sublayer 220 is called a physical service data unit (PSDU) in the PLCP sublayer 210.
- the MPDU is similar to the PSDU. However, when an A-MPDU (aggregated MPDU) that aggregates a plurality of MPDUs is delivered, the individual MPDUs and the PSDUs may be different from each other.
- the PLCP sublayer 210 adds an additional field including information required by the physical layer transceiver in the process of receiving the PSDU from the MAC sublayer 220 to the PMD sublayer 200.
- the added field may be a PLCP preamble, a PLCP header, and tail bits required to return the convolutional encoder to a zero state in the PSDU.
- the PLCP preamble may serve to prepare the receiver for synchronization and antenna diversity before the PSDU is transmitted.
- the data field may include a coded sequence encoded with a padding bits, a service field including a bit sequence for initializing a scraper, and a bit sequence appended with tail bits in the PSDU.
- the encoding scheme may be selected from either binary convolutional coding (BCC) encoding or low density parity check (LDPC) encoding according to the encoding scheme supported by the STA receiving the PPDU.
- BCC binary convolutional coding
- LDPC low density parity check
- the PLCP header may include a field including information on a PLC Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to be transmitted.
- the PLCP sublayer 210 adds the above-described fields to the PSDU, generates a PPDU (PLCP Protocol Data Unit), and transmits it to the receiving station via the PMD sublayer 200, and the receiving station receives the PPDU to receive the PLCP preamble and PLCP. Obtain and restore information necessary for data restoration from the header.
- PPDU PLCP Protocol Data Unit
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a scanning method in a WLAN.
- a scanning method may be classified into passive scanning 300 and active scanning 350.
- the passive scanning 300 may be performed by the beacon frame 330 broadcast by the AP 300 periodically.
- the AP 300 of the WLAN broadcasts the beacon frame 330 to the non-AP STA 340 every specific period (for example, 100 msec).
- the beacon frame 330 may include information about the current network.
- the non-AP STA 340 receives the beacon frame 330 that is periodically broadcast to receive the network information to perform scanning for the AP 310 and the channel to perform the authentication / association (authentication / association) process Can be.
- the passive scanning method 300 only needs to receive the beacon frame 330 transmitted from the AP 310 without the need for the non-AP STA 340 to transmit the frame.
- passive scanning 300 has the advantage that the overall overhead incurred by data transmission / reception in the network is small.
- scanning can be performed manually in proportion to the period of the beacon frame 330, the time taken to perform scanning increases.
- beacon frame For a detailed description of the beacon frame, see IEEE Draft P802.11-REVmb TM / D12, November 2011 'IEEE Standard for Information Technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications (hereinafter referred to as IEEE 802.11) 'are described in 8.3.3.2 beacon frame.
- IEEE 802.11 ai may additionally use other formats of beacon frames, and these beacon frames may be referred to as fast initial link setup (FILS) beacon frames.
- a measurement pilot frame may be used in a scanning procedure as a frame including only some information of a beacon frame. Measurement pilot frames are disclosed in the IEEE 802.11 8.5.8.3 measurement pilot format.
- the active scanning 350 refers to a method in which a non-AP STA 390 transmits a probe request frame 370 to the AP 360 to proactively perform scanning.
- the AP 360 After receiving the probe request frame 370 from the non-AP STA 390, the AP 360 waits for a random time to prevent frame collision, and then includes network information in the probe response frame 380. may transmit to the non-AP STA 390. The non-AP STA 390 may obtain network information based on the received probe response frame 380 and stop the scanning process.
- the probe request frame 370 is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.9 and the probe response frame 380 is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.10.
- the AP and the STA may perform an authentication and association process.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after scanning of an AP and an STA.
- the authentication and association process may be performed through, for example, two-way handshaking.
- 4A is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after passive scanning
- FIG. 4B is a conceptual diagram illustrating an authentication and combining process after active scanning.
- the authentication and association process is based on an authentication request frame (410) / authentication response frame (420) and an association request frame (330), regardless of whether an active scanning method or passive scanning is used. The same may be performed by exchanging an association response frame 440 between the APs 400 and 450 and the non-AP STAs 405 and 455.
- the authentication process may be performed by transmitting the authentication request frame 410 to the APs 400 and 450 in the non-AP STAs 405 and 455.
- the authentication response frame 420 may be transmitted from the AP 400, 450 to the non-AP STAs 405, 455.
- Authentication frame format is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.11.
- the association process may be performed by transmitting an association request frame 430 to the APs 400 and 405 in the non-AP STAs 405 and 455.
- the association response frame 440 may be transmitted from the AP 405 and 455 to the non-AP STAs 400 and 450.
- the transmitted association request frame 430 includes information on the capabilities of the non-AP STAs 405 and 455. Based on the performance information of the non-AP STAs 405 and 455, the APs 400 and 350 may determine whether support is possible for the non-AP STAs 405 and 355.
- the AP 300 or 450 may include the non-AP STA 405 in the association response frame 440 by including whether the association request frame 440 is accepted and the reason thereof, and capability information that can be supported. , 455).
- Association frame format is disclosed in IEEE 802.11 8.3.3.5/8.3.3.6.
- the association may be performed again or the association may be performed to another AP based on the reason why the association is not performed.
- 5 is a conceptual diagram for an active scanning procedure.
- the active scanning procedure may be performed by the following steps.
- the STA 500 determines whether it is ready to perform a scanning procedure.
- the STA 500 may perform active scanning by waiting until the probe delay time expires or when specific signaling information (eg, PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive) is received. have.
- specific signaling information eg, PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive
- the probe delay time is a delay that occurs before the STA 500 transmits the probe request frame 510 when performing the active scanning.
- PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive is a signal transmitted from a physical (PHY) layer to a local medium access control (MAC) layer.
- the PHY-RXSTART.indication primitive may signal to the MAC layer that it has received a PLC protocol data unit (PPDU) including a valid PLCP header in a physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP).
- PPDU PLC protocol data unit
- PLCP physical layer convergence protocol
- DCF distributed coordination function
- CSMA / CA carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance
- the probe request frame 510 includes information for specifying the APs 560 and 570 included in the MLME-SCAN.request primitive (eg, service set identification (SSID) and basic service set identification (BSSID) information). ) Can be sent.
- SSID service set identification
- BSSID basic service set identification
- the BSSID is an indicator for specifying the AP and may have a value corresponding to the MAC address of the AP.
- Service set identification (SSID) is a network name for specifying an AP that can be read by a person who operates an STA. The BSSID and / or SSID may be used to specify the AP.
- the STA 500 may specify an AP based on information for specifying the APs 560 and 570 included by the MLME-SCAN.request primitive.
- the specified APs 560 and 570 may transmit probe response frames 550 and 550 to the STA 500.
- the STA 500 may unicast, multicast, or broadcast the probe request frame 510 by transmitting the SSID and the BSSID information in the probe request frame 510. A method of unicasting, multicasting or broadcasting the probe request frame 510 using the SSID and the BSSID information will be further described with reference to FIG. 5.
- the STA 500 may include the SSID list in the probe request frame 510 and transmit the SSID list.
- the AP 560, 570 receives the probe request frame 510 and determines the SSID included in the SSID list included in the received probe request frame 510 and transmits the probe response frames 550, 550 to the STA 200. You can decide whether to send.
- the probe timer may be used to check the minimum channel time (MinChanneltime, 520) and the maximum channel time (MaxChanneltime, 530).
- the minimum channel time 520 and the maximum channel time 530 may be used to control the active scanning operation of the STA 500.
- the minimum channel time 520 may be used to perform an operation for changing the channel on which the STA 500 performs active scanning. For example, when the STA 500 does not receive the probe response frames 550 and 550 until the minimum channel time 520, the STA 500 may shift the scanning channel to perform scanning on another channel. When the STA 500 receives the probe response frame 550 until the minimum channel time 520, the STA 500 may process the received probe response frames 550 and 550 by waiting for the maximum channel time 530.
- the STA 500 detects the PHY-CCA.indication primitive until the probe timer reaches the minimum channel time 520 so that other frames (eg, the probe response frames 550 and 550) are detected until the minimum channel time 520. Whether it is received by the STA 500 may be determined.
- PHY-CCA.indication primitive may transmit information about the state of the medium from the physical layer to the MAC layer. PHY-CCA.indication primitive can inform the status of the current channel by using the channel status parameter called busy if the channel is not available and idle if the channel is available. If the PHY-CCA.indication is detected as busy, the STA 500 determines that probe response frames 550 and 550 received by the STA 500 exist and the PHY-CCA.indication is idle. If it is detected that the probe response frame (550, 550) received by the STA 500 may be determined that no.
- the STA 500 may set the net allocation vector (NAV) to 0 and scan the next channel.
- the STA 500 may perform processing on received probe response frames 550 and 550 after the probe timer reaches the maximum channel time 530. have. After processing the received probe response frames 550 and 550, the net allocation vector (NAV) is set to 0 and the STA 500 may scan the next channel.
- determining whether the probe response frames 550 and 550 received by the STA 500 exist may include determining the channel state using the PHY-CCA.indication primitive. have.
- the MLME may signal MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive.
- the MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive may include a BSSDescriptionSet including all information obtained in the scanning process.
- the STA 500 uses the active scanning method, it is necessary to perform monitoring to determine whether the parameter of the PHY-CCA.indication is busy until the probe timer reaches the minimum channel time.
- MLME-SCAN.request primitive is a primitive generated by SME.
- the MLME-SCAN.request primitive may be used to determine whether there is another BSS to which the STA is bound.
- the MLME-SCAN.request primitive may specifically include information such as BSSType, BSSID, SSID, ScanType, ProbeDelay, ChannelList, MinChannelTime, MaxChannelTime, RequestInformation, SSID List, ChannelUsage, AccessNetworkType, HESSID, MeshID, VendorSpecificInfo.
- BSSType BSSID
- ScanType ProbeDelay
- ChannelList MinChannelTime
- MaxChannelTime MaxChannelTime
- RequestInformation SSID List
- ChannelUsage AccessNetworkType
- HESSID HESSID
- MeshID MeshID
- VendorSpecificInfo VendorSpecificInfo
- Table 1 below briefly illustrates information included in the MLME-SCAN.request primitive.
- a request parameter included in MLME-SCAN.request.primitive may be used to determine whether the responding STA transmits a probe response frame.
- the request parameter may include information for requesting that information of another BSS is included in the probe response frame.
- the request parameter may include a report request field, a delay reference field, and a maximum delay limit field.
- the report request field is information for requesting information of another BSS to be included in the probe response frame.
- the delay reference field includes information about a delay type applied in response to the probe request frame, and the maximum delay limit field is a delay reference field. It may include maximum connection delay information for the delay type, indicated by.
- the request parameter may include a minimum data rate field and / or a received signal strength limit field.
- the minimum data rate field contains information on the lowest overall data rate in transmitting an MSDU or A-MSDU.
- the received signal strength limit field may further include information about a limit value of a signal required for the receiver of the probe request frame to respond.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for transmitting a probe request frame.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method in which an STA broadcasts, multicasts, and unicasts a probe request frame.
- FIG. 6A illustrates a method in which the STA 600 broadcasts a probe request frame 610.
- the STA 600 may broadcast the probe request frame 610 by including a wildcard SSID and a wildcard BSSID in the probe request frame 610.
- the wild card SSID and wild card BSSID may be used as an identifier for indicating all of the APs 606-1, 606-2, 606-3, 606-4, and 606-6 included in the transmission range of the STA 600. .
- the probe response frame in response to the probe request frame 610 received by the APs 606-1, 606-2, 606-3, 606-4, and 606-6 receiving the broadcast probe request frame 610. If the STA is transmitted to the STA 600 within a predetermined time, the STA 600 may have a problem of receiving and processing too many probe response frames at a time.
- FIG. 6B illustrates a method in which the STA 620 unicasts the probe request frame 630.
- the STA 620 when the STA 620 unicasts the probe request frame 630, the STA 620 includes a probe request frame 630 including specific SSID / BSSID information of the AP. Can be transmitted. Among the APs receiving the probe request frame 630, only the AP 626 corresponding to the specific SSID / BSSID of the AP 620 may transmit a probe response frame to the STA 620.
- FIG. 6C illustrates a method in which the STA 640 multicasts the probe request frame 660.
- the STA 640 may include the SSID list and the wild card BSSID in the probe request frame 660.
- APs 660-1 and 660-2 corresponding to the SSID included in the SSID list included in the probe request frame among the APs receiving the probe request frame 660 may transmit a probe response frame to the STA 640.
- the MAC layer may use a distributed coordination function (DCF) as a method for sharing a wireless medium by a plurality of STAs.
- DCF is based on carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA / CA).
- CSMA / CA carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance
- the MAC layer defines a method for sharing media between STAs based on request to send (RTS) / clear to send (CTS).
- RTS request to send
- CTS clear to send
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a DCF access procedure.
- the STA may transmit a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) that is about to be transmitted. If it is determined that the medium is in use by a carrier sensing mechanism, the STA may determine the size of a content window (CW) by a random backoff algorithm and perform a backoff procedure. The STA sets the CW to perform the backoff procedure and selects a random timeslot within the CW. This is called back off time. Of these, the STA having the shortest backoff time may access the medium, and the remaining STAs may stop the remaining backoff time and wait until the transmitting terminal is completed. After the frame transmission of the STA is completed, the remaining STAs may compete with the remaining backoff time to acquire a medium.
- MPDU MAC protocol data unit
- the STA may detect the channel state for a predetermined time.
- the STA attempts to transmit after a random backoff time.
- the DCF-based transmission method may prevent collisions by playing a role of preventing a plurality of STAs from colliding due to simultaneous transmission.
- the random backoff time is a time for which the channel waits for a predetermined time (eg, DIFS) before transmitting a frame, and the random backoff time may be defined as in the following equation.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backoff procedure of a plurality of STAs.
- a backoff slot may occur after the medium is determined to be idle for the DIFS period. If the activity of the medium is not detected, the STA may reduce the backoff time based on aSlotTime. If it is determined that the medium is in use during the backoff slot, the STA may not reduce the backoff time. The frame transmission of the STA may be started whenever the set backoff timer becomes zero.
- the DCF transmission scheme includes an RTS / CTS access mode in which control frames (RTS and CTS) are exchanged and occupy channels in advance before data frames are transmitted.
- This method can reduce the waste of the channel by replacing the collision that may occur when the STA transmits the data frame to a collision by a relatively short control frame.
- a point coordination function may be defined as another method for sharing a wireless medium by a plurality of STAs in the MAC layer.
- PCF may be used as a method for providing a quality of service (QoS) for real time data transmission.
- QoS quality of service
- PCF also called non-competitive transmission service, does not exclusively use the entire transmission period of a medium, but may alternately use a contention-based service of DCF scheme.
- a point coordinator implemented in an AP of a BSS may control a right for each STA to occupy a medium using a polling scheme.
- PIFS which is an inter-frame space (IFS) in the PCF
- DIFS inter-frame space
- IFS represents the interval between frames and may be used to set the priority for the STA to access the medium.
- IFS may be specifically defined as follows.
- 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an interval between frames.
- an interval between two frames may be referred to as an IFS.
- the STA may determine whether the channel is used during the time interval of the IFS defined in the standard using a carrier detection method.
- the MAC layer using DCF defines a plurality of IFSs. Priority of the STA occupying the wireless medium may be determined by the IFS.
- the interval between frames according to IFS type is as follows.
- SIFS short inter frame symbol
- PCF IFS PCF frame transmission
- DIFS DIFS
- a DCF as a method for sharing a wireless medium by a plurality of STAs in the MAC layer.
- a DCF when a plurality of STAs attempt to perform initial access (initial access) to the AP at the same time, a lot of collisions occurred between the plurality of STAs.
- QoS quality of service
- 802.11e improved the channel access performance of the existing DCF and HCF by defining a new coordination function, a hybrid coordination function (HCF).
- HCF defines two channel access methods similar to those defined in the existing 802.11 MAC, HCCA controlled channel access (HCCA) and enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA).
- traffic categories which are transmission priorities, may be defined and priorities for accessing the channel may be determined based on the traffic categories. That is, by defining CW and IFS according to the category of traffic data transmitted from the STA, the channel access priority according to the type of traffic data can be determined.
- the data may be assigned to a low priority class.
- the traffic data may be allocated to a high priority class to perform channel access.
- high priority traffic data may have more opportunities to be transmitted relative to low priority traffic data.
- an STA with high priority traffic may have less latency than an STA with low priority traffic before sending a packet.
- transmission priority can be implemented by assigning shorter CWs to higher priority traffic than lower priority traffic, and also assigning shorter arbitration inter-frame space than IFS, the frame interval defined in DCF.
- EDCA may also allow the STA to access the channel without contention during a period called TXOP (Transmit Opportunity).
- TXOP Transmit Opportunity
- the STA may transmit as many packets as possible during the determined TXOP period without exceeding the maximum period of the TXOP. If one frame is too long to transmit all during one TXOP, it can be truncated into smaller frames.
- TXOP can reduce the situation in which STAs with a low data rate, which is a problem of the existing MAC, excessively occupy the channel.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of obtaining a TXOP of an STA.
- an STA participating in QoS transmission may obtain a TXOP capable of transmitting traffic for a certain period of time using two channel access methods such as EDCA and HCCA.
- TXOP acquisition is made possible by either succeeding in EDCA competition or receiving QoS CF-Poll frames from the access point.
- the TXOP obtained after successful in the EDCA competition is called EDCA TXOP
- the TXOP obtained by receiving QoS CF-Poll frame from the AP is called Polled TXOP.
- a certain time may be given or a transmission time may be forcibly limited by any one STA to transmit a frame using the concept of TXOP.
- the transmission start time and the maximum transmission time of the TXOP may be determined by the AP.
- the EDCA TXOP may be notified to the STA by the beacon frame, and the Polled TXOP by the QoS CF-Poll frame.
- EDCA and HCCA which are channel access methods defined in HCF, will be described in detail.
- EDCA can perform channel access by defining eight user priorities for traffic data. For the transmission of QoS data frames based on priority, EDCA defines four access categories (AC_BK, AC_BE, AC_VI, and AC_VO). In EDCA, traffic data arriving at the MAC layer with different user priorities can be mapped based on AC as shown in Table 2 below.
- Table 2 is an exemplary table showing the mapping between user priority and AC.
- EDCA can use AIFS [AC], CWmin [AC], CWmax [AC] instead of DIFS, CWmin, CWmax which are used by DCF in the backoff procedure for transmitting frames belonging to AC.
- Parameters used for the backoff procedure for each AC may be delivered to each STA from the AP in a beacon frame. The smaller the value of AIFS [AC] and CWmin [AC], the higher the priority. Therefore, the shorter the channel access delay, the more bandwidth can be used in a given traffic environment.
- the backoff procedure of EDCA which generates a new backoff counter, is similar to the backoff procedure of the existing DCF. It can be performed based on other EDCA parameters.
- EDCA parameters have become an important means used to differentiate channel access for various user priority traffic. Appropriate setting of EDCA parameter values, including AC-specific parameters, can optimize network performance while increasing the transmission effect of prioritized traffic. Therefore, the AP must perform overall management and coordination functions for the EDCA parameters to ensure fair access to all STAs participating in the network.
- 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an EDCA channel reference model.
- four AC-specific transmission queues defined in an 802.11e MAC may serve as individual EDCA contention entities for wireless medium access within one STA.
- An AC can maintain its own backoff counter with its AIFS value. If there is more than one AC that has been backed off at the same time, the collisions between the ACs can be handled by a virtual collision handler. The frame at the AC with the highest priority is sent first, and the other ACs update the backoff counter again by increasing the contention window value.
- the start of TXOP occurs when the channel is accessed according to EDCA rules. If more than two frames are stacked in an AC, EDCA TXOP can be obtained, the EDCA MAC can attempt to transmit multiple frames. If the STA has already transmitted one frame and can receive the transmission of the next frame and the ACK for the same frame within the remaining TXOP time, the STA attempts to transmit the frame after the SIFS time interval.
- the TXOP limit value may be passed from the AP to the STA. If the size of the data frame to be transmitted exceeds the TXOP limit, the STA splits the frame into several smaller frames to transmit within the range not exceeding the TXOP limit.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a backoff procedure of the EDCA.
- each traffic data transmitted from the STA has a priority and may perform a backoff procedure based on a competing EDCA scheme.
- Table 2 which is given to each traffic, the priority may be divided into, for example, eight.
- each STA has different output queues according to priorities, and each output queue operates according to the rules of the EDCA.
- Each output queue may transmit traffic data using different Arbitration Interframe Space (AIFS) according to each priority instead of the previously used DCF Interframe Space (DIFS).
- AIFS Arbitration Interframe Space
- DIFS DCF Interframe Space
- the STA needs to transmit traffic having different priorities at the same time, the collision is prevented in the terminal by transmitting the traffic having the highest priority.
- Backoff occurs in the following situations.
- a transmission collision occurs and is used when retransmission is required.
- the UE sets an arbitrary backoff time to the backoff timer using Equation 2 below.
- Random (i) is a function that generates a random integer between 0 and CW [i] using a uniform distribution.
- CW [i] is the contention window between the minimum contention window CWmin [i] and the maximum contention window CWmax [i], where i represents the traffic priority.
- CWnew [i] is calculated using Equation 3 below using the previous window CWold [i].
- PF is calculated according to the procedure defined in the IEEE 802.11e standard.
- CWmin [i], AIFS [i], and PF values may be transmitted from the AP using a QoS parameter set element that is a management frame.
- the HCCA protocol uses a hyper coordinator (HC) located at the AP for central management of wireless media access. Since the HC centrally manages the wireless media, it can reduce competition for accessing the wireless media between STAs and can maintain the data frame exchange with a short transmission delay time (SIFS), thereby increasing network efficiency.
- HC hyper coordinator
- the HC controls transmission delay and scheduling by defining QoS characteristics as parameters for specific traffic required from an application service to support QoS.
- the HC Before transmitting the parameterized QoS traffic, the HC first establishes a virtual connection called a traffic stream.
- the traffic stream may correspond to both an uplink from the STA to the AP, a downlink from the AP to the STA, or a direct link from the STA to the STA.
- traffic characteristics such as frame size, average transmission rate, and QoS request parameters such as delay time are exchanged through mutual negotiation.
- the TXOP restriction value which is a service provision time allowed to the STA, is included in the QoS control field. That is, the HC performs a function of controlling allocation of medium access time using TXOP.
- the TXOP limit is determined by TSPEC.
- the TSPEC is requested by the station, and the AP determines whether to allow or reject the TSPEC's request according to network conditions.
- the HC provides contracted QoS by allocating the radio band required for the established traffic stream between the AP and the STA.
- the HCCA has total control over the media, and in the competition cycle, if necessary, the control of the media can be obtained by transmitting QoS CF-Poll frames after the PIFS delay.
- 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating Polled TXOP timing.
- a polled STA that owns TXOP receives a QoS CF Poll frame and transmits several frames with the authority for channel access for a time corresponding to the TXOP limit value specified in the QoS CF-Poll frame.
- other STAs although not applicable to them, set their NAV by adding TXOP time and a predetermined time after receiving the QoS CF-Poll frame, and do not compete for channel access during this time.
- the HC needs to schedule the proper transmission of the QoS CF-Poll frame to satisfy the contracted QoS requirements. Since wireless media vary in channel conditions over time or location, creating an efficient scheduling algorithm is an important factor in supporting QoS. Good scheduling algorithms can improve the performance of wireless networks by allowing more traffic streams without violating QoS contracts.
- an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method of performing initial access by distributing terminals when multiple terminals simultaneously perform initial access to the AP.
- APs there may be a plurality of APs that want to access a specific AP in a subway, a concert hall, a train station, and the like.
- frames for performing the initial access procedure for example, beacon frames, probe request frames, probe response frames, authentication request frames, join request frames, join response frames, and the like, may have the same access category ( AC_VO which is AC). Therefore, in this case, even when the EDCA procedure is performed, all terminals perform initial access based on the same priority, so that the terminal is not distributed during initial access.
- an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for barring access of a terminal to which an AP attempts initial access to solve such a problem.
- the AP in order to distribute the access load of the initial link setup (initial link setup), the AP may transmit information on the available initial link setup for limiting initial access of the terminal to the STA.
- loads that may occur when multiple STAs simultaneously perform initial access to the AP may be distributed.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an initial access restriction method of an AP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the AP may transmit information for limiting access of an STA attempting initial access based on a beacon frame or probe response frame to the STA (step S1400).
- information for determining the method of performing an initial access of an STA that attempts initial access by using the AP is defined as a term of initial access setting information of the AP.
- the access setting information is information for limiting the STA performing the initial access and is included in a management frame (eg, a beacon frame or a probe response frame) transmitted by the AP to the STA to perform the initial access. Can be.
- Initial access setting information is described in detail below.
- the STA Upon receiving the initial access setting information, the STA determines the initial access method by comparing the initial access determination information of the STA with the received initial access setting information (step S1420).
- the initial access configuration information transmitted by the AP to the STA may include, for example, information for determining an initial access of the STA based on user priority information and access class information.
- the STA may determine whether the STA is an STA that is allowed to access the AP based on the user priority information and the access class information included in the received initial access configuration information.
- Information for the STA to determine whether the initial access is possible in comparison with the initial access configuration information of the AP may be defined in terms of initial access determination information.
- the STA may set initial access determination information based on category information on traffic data to be transmitted.
- An STA performing initial access for transmitting specific data to the AP may know category information on traffic data to be transmitted, and may set initial access determination information based on this.
- the traffic data to be transmitted to the AP by the STA is voice data, so that AC of the data is AC_VO.
- the STA may determine how the initial access to the traffic data corresponding to AC_VO is compared with the initial access setting information transmitted by the AP.
- the STA may perform an initial access procedure.
- the STA compares the initial access setting information transmitted from the AP with the initial access decision information of the STA and the two information do not match
- the STA does not perform the initial access procedure or performs initial access after a certain initial access restriction period. can do.
- the STA may perform an operation such as scanning the other AP. For example, if the STA does not perform the initial access procedure, the STA may be restricted from the initial access procedure to the AP until the initial access setting information retransmitted from the AP matches the initial access decision information of the STA. This method is described in detail below.
- the initial access configuration information transmitted to the STA so that the AP can limit the initial access of the STA may be, for example, information of a bit mask format or a bit sequence format consisting of a plurality of bits.
- the bit mask or bit sequence is an example of an information format for transmitting initial access configuration information configured in the AP to the STA. That is, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to transmit the initial access configuration information available to the AP, various types of information formats other than bit masks or bit sequences and another bit map or bit mask bit sequence formats may be used.
- embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of example based on the bit sequence for convenience of description.
- Table 3 below shows a bit sequence including information on the initial link configuration.
- an STA may define a user priority (UP) and an access class (AC) according to a traffic type of data to be transmitted by the STA.
- the traffic type of data to be transmitted by the STA may be a type of data to be transmitted and received between the STA and the AP after the STA performs the association with the AP.
- the STA may perform initial access.
- the AP may indicate an STA that is initially accessible. For example, it may be assumed that a specific bit included in the bit sequence is set to '1'. In this case, the STA having the initial access determination information corresponding to the initial access setting information corresponding to the bit set to '1' may indicate that the initial access is possible. On the contrary, it may be assumed that a specific bit included in the bit sequence is set to '0'. In this case, the STA having the initial access determination information corresponding to the initial access setting information corresponding to the bit set to '0' may indicate that the initial access is not possible. In addition, an STA having initial access determination information corresponding to initial access configuration information corresponding to a bit set to '0' may instruct initial access to be performed after a predetermined delay period, or may be instructed to perform initial access to another AP.
- the STA may match that the initial access decision information and the initial access setting information transmitted from the AP are matched, and the STA to which the initial access decision information and the initial access setting information are matched may be referred to as a matching STA. It may be. For example, it may be assumed that the bit of the bit sequence corresponding to AC_VO is set to '1' in the initial access configuration information transmitted by the AP. In this case, when the initial access determination information of the STA is AC_VO, it may be said that the initial access determination information and the initial access setting information match.
- the time interval during which the matching STA performs initial access may be referred to as a matching STA access interval.
- the STA may not perform the initial access or may perform the initial access after a predetermined delay period.
- Such a STA may be expressed in terms of mismatched STA.
- An access section of the mismatched STA that is performed after a predetermined delay period may be referred to as a mismatching STA access period.
- the STA may determine the initial access method based on the UP and / or AC information included in the initial link configuration information transmitted by the AP.
- the bit sequence used as the initial link configuration information is 16-bit information, and bits (0 to 7) corresponding to some indexes are bits for indexing an UP capable of performing initial transmission. Bits 8 through 11 corresponding to the index may be used as bits for indexing AC capable of performing initial transmission.
- a bit sequence using only AC as initial link configuration information and a bit sequence using only UP as initial link configuration information may also be used as a bit sequence for determining an initial access of the STA.
- the number of bits used for transmitting the initial access configuration information and the classification of the categories divided according to the bits are arbitrary.
- the AP may transmit a frame including initial access configuration information (eg, a beacon frame, a FILS beacon frame, a probe response frame, and / or an unsolicited probe response frame) to the STA.
- the response frame indicates a probe response frame transmitted by the AP in a broadcast manner.
- 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an initial access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating operations of a matching STA and a non-matching STA when the AP transmits initial access configuration information based on a bit sequence.
- the AP 1500 may transmit a frame (eg, a beacon frame, a FILS beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an unsolvent probe response frame) for performing an initial access.
- the frame for performing the initial access may include initial access setting information.
- bits corresponding to indexes # 5, # 7, and # 9 of the above-described bit sequences are set to '0' and the indexes of the remaining bit sequences are set to '1'.
- the first STA 1510 may be an STA whose initial access decision information of the first STA 1510 is not initial access decision information corresponding to indexes # 5, # 7, and # 9 of the bit sequence. That is, the first STA 1510 may be a matching STA capable of initial access.
- the second STA 1520 may be an STA whose initial access decision information of the second STA 1520 corresponds to indexes # 5, # 7, and # 9 of the bit sequence. That is, the second STA 1520 may not be an initial access or may be a mismatched STA where initial access is performed after a predetermined delay period.
- the first STA 1510 Since the first STA 1510 is a matching STA where the initial access decision information of the STA and the initial access setting information transmitted by the AP 1500 match, the first STA 1510 transmits a join request frame to the AP 1500 to initialize the initial access procedure with the AP 1500. Can be performed.
- the second STA 1520 since the initial access determination information does not match the initial access setting information transmitted by the AP 1500, initial access is not possible or initial access is performed after a predetermined delay period or another AP. An operation such as scanning may be performed.
- 16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an initial access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a 1-1 STA 1610-1 and a 1-2 STA 1610-2 may indicate a matching STA to which initial link configuration information transmitted from an AP matches initial link determination information of the STA.
- the 2-1 STA 1620-1 and the 2-2 STA 1620-2 may indicate a mismatched STA that does not match initial link configuration information transmitted from the AP and initial link determination information of the STA.
- an initial access method of the 1-1 STA 1610-1, the 1-2 STA 1610-2, the 2-1 STA 1620-1, and the 2-2 STA 1620-1 is provided. Discuss about.
- the AP may transmit a frame (eg, a beacon frame) including initial link configuration information to the STA (first-first STA, first-second STA, second-first STA, second-second STA).
- a frame eg, a beacon frame
- initial link configuration information to the STA (first-first STA, first-second STA, second-first STA, second-second STA).
- Receiving the beacon frame STA (1-1 STA, 1-2 STA, 2-1 STA, 2-2 STA) is a matching STA capable of initial access based on the initial link determination information of each STA It may be determined whether it is a mismatched STA.
- the matching STA may perform initial access in the access period of the matching STA.
- the access section of the matching STA may be a section in which the matching STA preferentially performs channel access, rather than a section defined separately.
- the 1-1 STA 1610-1 and the 1-2 STA 1610-2 corresponding to the matching STAs may sequentially perform an association procedure with the AP through the existing channel access method based on the aforementioned EDCA or DCF. Can be.
- the STA when the STA performs initial access with the AP through a channel access method based on EDCA or DCF by allowing only access of the matching STA or preferentially allowing access of the matching STA when performing the initial access.
- the initial access of the STA can be distributed more.
- Initial access of a mismatched STA may be limited in various ways.
- the non-matching STA may be restricted from initial access until a frame including initial access setting information matching the initial access determination information of the non-matching STA is retransmitted.
- the AP may transmit information on the initial access restriction period to the STA in addition to the initial access configuration information.
- the non-matching STA may perform initial access to the AP in the mismatching STA access period 1620, which is a time interval, after the initial access restriction period is passed based on the information about the initial access restriction period transmitted from the AP.
- channel access of the mismatched STA may not be allowed.
- Tables 4 and 5 below show how the AP transmits information about an initial access restriction period to the STA.
- an access barring period or an access allowable period according to each of the initial configuration information may be defined.
- the AP may transmit information to the STA about a period during which the non-matching STA can perform initial access.
- the non-matching STA may perform initial access based on the information on the initial access period received from the AP.
- Information about the access restriction period or the access permission period may be determined in various ways.
- the access restriction period may be determined based on information transmitted from the terminal and / or information generated by the AP. Such information may be expressed as access period determination information.
- the access period determination information may include, for example, 1) access class (AC) or user priority (UP) information of the terminal, 2) backoff retry count, and 3) packet retransmittion count. 4) most recent backoff interval, 5) BSS average access delay, 6) AC access delay per AC, or the like, or may be determined based on at least one of the above information. .
- the information corresponding to 1) to 4) may be information that the STA reports through a frame for performing initial access, such as a probe request frame or a joint request frame, to the AP.
- Information corresponding to 5) and 6) may be information measured by the AP itself.
- the AP may estimate information on the load of the BSS based on the access period determination information and determine an access restriction period or an access permission period based on the estimated information.
- 17 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless device to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
- the wireless device 1700 may be an AP or a non-AP station (STA) that may implement the above-described embodiment.
- STA non-AP station
- the wireless device 1700 includes a processor 1720, a memory 1740, and a radio frequency unit 1760.
- the RF unit 1760 may be connected to the processor 1720 to transmit / receive a radio signal.
- the processor 1720 implements the functions, processes, and / or methods proposed in the present invention.
- the processor 1720 may be implemented to perform the operation of the wireless device according to the embodiment of the present invention described above.
- the processor 1720 may be configured to generate and transmit initial access configuration information for determining the initial access of the STA by the AP.
- the STA receives initial access setting information from the AP, and the STA determines the initial access setting information and the STA's initial access based on the initial access setting information and the STA's initial access determination information.
- the STA may be implemented to determine whether to perform the initial access according to whether information is matched.
- the processor 1720 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, a data processing device, and / or a converter for mutually converting baseband signals and wireless signals.
- the memory 1740 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium, and / or other storage device.
- the RF unit 1760 may include one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving a wireless signal.
- the above-described technique may be implemented as a module (process, function, etc.) for performing the above-described function.
- the module may be stored in the memory 1740 and executed by the processor 1720.
- the memory 1740 may be inside or outside the processor 1720 and may be connected to the processor 1720 by various well-known means.
Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- STA(station)의 초기 액세스(initial access) 방법에 있어서
상기 STA이 AP(access point)로부터 초기 액세스 설정 정보를 수신하는 단계;
상기 STA이 상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보와 상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보를 기반으로 상기 초기 액세스를 수행할지 여부를 결정하는 단계를 포함하되,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보는 상기 STA이 초기 액세스를 수행할지 여부를 결정하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보는 사용자 우선 순위 또는 액세스 카테고리 정보를 포함하고,
상기 사용자 우선 순위는 상기 AP가 상기 초기 액세스를 허용하는 STA을 지시하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 액세스 카테고리는 상기 AP가 상기 초기 액세스를 허용하는 STA의 트래픽 데이터의 종류를 지시하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 초기 액세스 결정 정보는 상기 STA에 대응되는 상기 사용자 우선 순위 또는 상기 액세스 카테고리 정보인 초기 액세스 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보는 복수의 비트를 포함하는 비트시퀀스인 초기 액세스 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초기 액세스 수행 여부를 결정하는 단계는,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보에 포함된 비트시퀀스 중상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보에 대응되는 비트가 1인 경우, 상기 초기 액세스를 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 초기 액세스 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초기 액세스 수행 여부를 결정하는 단계는,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보에 포함된 비트시퀀스 중 상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보에 대응되는 비트가 ‘0’인 경우,
초기 액세스 금지 구간을 획득하는 단계; 및
상기 액세스 금지 구간을 제외한 구간에서 상기 STA이 상기 초기 액세스를 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 초기 액세스 방법. - 제4항에 있어서, 상기 초기 액세스 금지 구간은,
상기 STA에서 상기 AP로 전송한 정보 또는 상기 AP에서 측정한 정보를 기반으로 결정되고,
상기 STA에서 상기 AP로 전송한 정보는 백오프 재시도 카운트(Backoff retry count) 정보, 패킷 재전송 카운트(Packet retransmission count) 정보 및 가장 최근 백오프 인터벌(Backoff interval) 정보 중 적어도 하나이고,
상기 AP에서 측정한 정보는 BSS(basic service set) 평균 액세스 딜레이(BSS average access delay) 정보 및 상기 액세스 카테고리 별 액세스 딜레이 정보 중 적어도 하나인 초기 액세스 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 초기 액세스 수행 여부를 결정하는 단계는,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보에 포함된 비트시퀀스 중 상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보에 대응되는 비트가 ‘0’인 경우, 상기 AP가 아닌 다른 AP로 초기 액세스를 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 초기 액세스 방법. - 무선랜 시스템의 STA(station)에 있어서, 상기 STA은 프로세서를 포함하고,
상기 프로세서는 상기 STA이 AP(access point)로부터 초기 액세스 설정 정보를 수신하고, 상기 STA이 상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보와 상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보를 기반으로 상기 초기 액세스를 수행할지 여부를 결정하도록 구현되되,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보는 상기 STA이 초기 액세스를 수행할지 여부를 결정하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보는 사용자 우선 순위 또는 액세스 카테고리 정보를 포함하고,
상기 사용자 우선 순위는 상기 AP가 상기 초기 액세스를 허용하는 STA을 지시하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 액세스 카테고리는 상기 AP가 상기 초기 액세스를 허용하는 STA의 트래픽 데이터의 종류를 지시하기 위한 정보이고,
상기 초기 액세스 결정 정보는 상기 STA에 대응되는 상기 사용자 우선 순위 또는 상기 액세스 카테고리 정보인 STA. - 제7항에 있어서,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보는 복수의 비트를 포함하는 비트시퀀스인 STA. - 제7항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보에 포함된 비트시퀀스 중상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보에 대응되는 비트가 1인 경우, 상기 초기 액세스를 수행하도록 구현되는 STA. - 제7항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보에 포함된 비트시퀀스 중 상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보에 대응되는 비트가 ‘0’인 경우, 초기 액세스 금지 구간을 획득하고,
상기 액세스 금지 구간을 제외한 구간에서 상기 STA이 상기 초기 액세스를 수행하도록 구현되는 STA. - 제10항에 있어서, 상기 초기 액세스 금지 구간은,
상기 STA에서 상기 AP로 전송한 정보 또는 상기 AP에서 측정한 정보를 기반으로 결정되고,
상기 STA에서 상기 AP로 전송한 정보는 백오프 재시도 카운트(Backoff retry count) 정보, 패킷 재전송 카운트(Packet retransmission count) 정보 및 가장 최근 백오프 인터벌(Backoff interval) 정보 중 적어도 하나이고,
상기 AP에서 측정한 정보는 BSS(basic service set) 평균 액세스 딜레이(BSS average access delay) 정보 및 상기 액세스 카테고리 별 액세스 딜레이 정보 중 적어도 하나인 STA.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는,
상기 초기 액세스 설정 정보에 포함된 비트시퀀스 중 상기 STA의 초기 액세스 결정 정보에 대응되는 비트가 ‘0’인 경우, 상기 AP가 아닌 다른 AP로 초기 액세스를 수행하도록 구현되는 STA.
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US14/406,406 US9544916B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Method and apparatus for initial access over wireless LAN |
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US20150189673A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
US9544916B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
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