WO2013189732A1 - Filet d'aquaculture doté d'un fond solide - Google Patents

Filet d'aquaculture doté d'un fond solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013189732A1
WO2013189732A1 PCT/EP2013/061486 EP2013061486W WO2013189732A1 WO 2013189732 A1 WO2013189732 A1 WO 2013189732A1 EP 2013061486 W EP2013061486 W EP 2013061486W WO 2013189732 A1 WO2013189732 A1 WO 2013189732A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aquaculture net
wires
aquaculture
net
side walls
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/061486
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eline DE ROOSE
Jeroen Gallens
Original Assignee
Nv Bekaert Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nv Bekaert Sa filed Critical Nv Bekaert Sa
Priority to CN201380032440.9A priority Critical patent/CN104411164A/zh
Priority to MX2014014541A priority patent/MX2014014541A/es
Priority to AU2013279648A priority patent/AU2013279648A1/en
Priority to JP2015517660A priority patent/JP2015525080A/ja
Publication of WO2013189732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013189732A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aquaculture net having a high penetration
  • Aquaculture nets or fish-farming nets are used to raise aquatic life such as fish.
  • the aquaculture net keeps the aquatic life controlled and contained inside the net.
  • predators such as seals or sharks attack the nets, usually at night, irrespective of the size and species of fish in the aquaculture nets.
  • the seals damaged both nets and fish, and sometimes fish escaped as a result of the attacks.
  • How to protect the aquatic life inside the net against predators i.e. mitigation of predators/fisheries interactions, has been the subject of fisheries operations.
  • Mitigation measures can be described as modification to fishing practices and/or equipment in order to reduce interactions between predators and fisheries operations.
  • Possible solutions include the use of devices that repel marine mammals from fishing areas or condition them to avoid these areas. For example, explosive devices, such as seal crackers or underwater firecrackers are thrown into the water where they explode under the surface. Also, acoustic harassment devices or acoustic deterrent devices have been developed and installed close to the aquaculture net. Deterrents as such helped reduce the number of seal attacks. However, on one hand, they are not totally successful to prevent seals from attacking fish-farms and there were many attacks in the presence of underwater acoustic seal scarers. On the other hand, there are associated issues concerning animal ethics and permits as the long term impacts of high intensity signals on marine mammals are not known.
  • Seals appear to be undeterred by acoustic deterrent devices but may experience hearing damage at close range.
  • Another solution would be the removal of individual seals by capture and relocation.
  • the merit of the trapping and relocation of seals from marine fish farms is debatable, because whilst relocation benefits fish farmers, this can be at the cost of others.
  • the effectiveness of this method is limited.
  • capture and relocation is rarely used as a broad scale management tool.
  • an aquaculture net According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an aquaculture net.
  • the aquaculture net can be divided in at least two parts, i.e. a lower part and an upper part. Said lower part has penetration strength that is higher than the penetration strength of said upper part, thus resulting in a difference in penetration strength.
  • the penetration strength may be defined as the resistance of the aquaculture net to failure under a penetrating load or an attack, and is a relevant parameter to indicate the strength of the aquaculture net against attacks of the predators.
  • the net can be made of a polymer, such as polyethylene, polyester or polyamide.
  • the net is preferably made of metal wires, e.g. steel wires. Other suited metal wires are made of copper alloy or titanium.
  • the difference in penetration strength is realized by any one or any combination
  • said wires at the lower part of the aquaculture net have one or more of the following characteristics: a) a wire diameter that is larger than 2.0 mm, b) a tensile strength that is higher than 700 MPa, c) the wire mesh opening that is smaller than 40 mm, and d) the wire mesh opening that is decreased, e.g. divided by four, by an additional piece of mesh.
  • the mesh opening is normally diamond shaped or rhombus.
  • the size of the mesh opening is defined as the longer liner distance or the long diagonal of the rhombus.
  • the invention works for many embodiments by combining the wire or wire mesh with the penetration strength of a part or section to define
  • the aquaculture net may be a chain-link fence.
  • Said lower part is the bottom of said aquaculture net and said upper part is the side walls of said aquaculture net.
  • the term "bottom” means the deepest or lowest part of the aquaculture net. It may be in a flat form having a rectangular or circular shape or may be in a funnel form.
  • the side walls refer to the parts that forms the side of the aquaculture net.
  • the aquaculture net in particular the side wall, is preferably divided into sections having steel wire mesh of higher penetration for sections arranged more towards the bottom of the net.
  • the sections are preferably arranged horizontally, i.e. parallel to the water level.
  • the aquaculture net may comprise three parts, a lower part, an
  • said lower part is the bottom of said aquaculture net, said intermediate part and said upper part are arranged horizontally and form the side walls of said aquaculture net.
  • said lower part has a penetration strength that is higher than the penetration strength of said intermediate part
  • said intermediate part has a penetration strength that is higher than the penetration strength of said upper part.
  • the aquaculture net comprises three parts, a lower part, an intermediate part and an upper part. Said lower part is the bottom of said aquaculture net, said intermediate part and upper part are arranged horizontally and form the side walls of said aquaculture net. In this example, said lower part and said intermediate part having a same penetration strength that is higher than the penetration strength of said upper part.
  • the steel wires may have a wire diameter that is smaller than 3.0 mm.
  • the upper part may have steel wires with a diameter smaller than 2.0 mm.
  • the intermediate part may have steel wires with a diameter ranging from 1 .60 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the lower part may have steel wires with a diameter greater than 2.0 mm.
  • the condition remains: the steel wire diameter of the lower part is larger than that of the intermediate part and the steel wire diameter of the intermediate part is larger than that of the upper part.
  • the aquaculture net may have a full flat bottom.
  • the aquaculture net may also have a funnel shaped bottom.
  • the wires of the aquaculture net may be steel wires.
  • the wires are stainless steel wires. More preferably, said steel wires have a metallic and/or polymeric coating to give an anti-corrosion and/or antifouling property to said steel wires.
  • the aquaculture net is galvanized or copper nickel alloy coated.
  • the coating may be formed by any available method, such as hot dipping, electrodeposition and cladding.
  • the metal coating may be in the form of a strip or a foil that is fixed around the steel core.
  • a strip of a suitable metal of controlled composition and predetermined and desired thickness can be formed into a tube form. The width of this strip is somewhat greater or equal to the circumference of the steel core to be covered. The strip is closed in a tube and welded on or around the steel core.
  • said metal coating is a copper nickel alloy.
  • Copper nickel coatings have proven to provide good resistance against fouling, i.e. against fouling material that may grow on the mesh structure, because of the effect of copper, and a good resistance against corrosion because of the nickel.
  • the invention aquaculture net on the one hand have good antifouling and anti-corrosion resistance.
  • each steel wire must carry the weight of the rest of the net below it.
  • barbed wires may be installed on the outside of said
  • said barbed wires are installed at the lower part of said aquaculture net with a separation distance of 5 meshes from each other.
  • the aquaculture net according to the invention preferably has the shape of a square, rectangular or cylinder, but may also be shaped as a cone, as a sphere, or any other shape, comprising sections of different diameter of the wire and different height of the parts or sections.
  • said aquaculture net has dimensions which are greater than 1 m x 1 m x 1 m (length x width x depth).
  • an aquaculture net comprising wires, wherein that said wires are lower in penetration strength towards the top of the net in comparison with those at the bottom of the net.
  • the solution provided by the present invention is based on the following principle.
  • Figure 1 and 2 each show a top view of an installed aquaculture net
  • Figure 3 shows a side view of an installed aquaculture net according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of a chain-link fence aquaculture net according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a view of a bottom of an aquaculture net according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows an aquaculture net with barbed wires at the bottom
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a square embodiment of a raft 10 for an aquaculture net as described by the present invention.
  • the raft 10 comprises various galvanized steel bars 12 supported by high-density polyethylene (HDPE) floating devices 16.
  • a platform 14 is connected thereto. People can walk around on the platform 14.
  • the aquaculture net can be directly connected to the steel bars 12 by means of ropes or wires.
  • the galvanized steel bars 12,22 are isolated from the aquaculture net, i.e. no direct contact, when connections with steel wires are used.
  • connections between the net and the raft 10,20 are made with ropes, i.e. non-metallic material, to prevent metallic contacts between the net and the raft in case of different materials used for the net and raft.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a circular embodiment of a raft 20 for an aquaculture net as described by the present invention.
  • a circular raft 20 may be made from HDPE tubes 26 connected to one another by means of brackets 22.
  • a platform 24 is connected thereto.
  • the aquaculture net can be
  • the bottom of the aquaculture net may still have the shape of a rectangle or square whereby the upper side takes a form close to a circle (more precisely, the form of a polygon).
  • Figure 3 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of an installed
  • the floating support 10 is of the square type as illustrated in Figure 1 .
  • the aquaculture net is connected to the floating devices 16 by means wires or ropes (not shown).
  • the bottom part of the aquaculture is not shown in Figure 3.
  • the side wall 30 of the net comprises two sections each having a wire mesh of different penetration strength.
  • the diameter of the wire and the mesh openings are the same all over the aquaculture net.
  • the upper or top section 32 has a wire with a tensile strength in the range of 400 to 800 MPa; the wire of the middle or intermediate section 34 has a tensile strength in the range of 600 to 1000 MPa; the wire of the lower or bottom section, deepest in the water, has a tensile strength in the range of 700 to 1500 MPa. Also it remains the tensile strength of the wire at the lower part is higher than that in the upper part.
  • the tensile strength of the wire and mesh openings are the same all over the aquaculture net.
  • the upper or top section 32 has a diameter of about 1 .60 mm; the wire of the middle or intermediate section 34 has a diameter of about 1 .80 mm; the wire of the lower or bottom section, deepest in the water, has a diameter of about 2.20 mm.
  • the diameter and the tensile strength of the wire are the same all over the aquaculture net.
  • the upper or top section 32 has a mesh opening in the range of 40 to 60 mm;
  • the wire of the middle or intermediate section 34 has a mesh opening in the range of 30 to 50 mm;
  • the wire of the lower or bottom section, deepest in the water has a mesh opening in the range of 20 to 40 mm. Also it remains the mesh opening at the lower part is smaller than that in the upper part.
  • the combinations of above any two or three examples are also possible.
  • the tensile strength of the wire at the lower part is higher than that in the upper part and the mesh opening at the lower part is smaller than that in the upper part.
  • the side wall of the aquaculture net is divided into two sections 32 and 34. It is also possible that the side wall of the aquaculture net is divided into plurality of sections, which are preferably horizontally arranged. Herewith, the lower sections have higher penetration strength than the upper sections.
  • the intermediate and the upper parts or sections 34, 32 may have the same size or height.
  • the intermediate and the upper parts 34, 32 may have a different size or height.
  • the height of the upper part may be greater than the height of the intermediate part, hereby reducing the entire weight of the aquaculture net.
  • the height of the intermediate part may be greater than that of the upper part, hereby increasing the strength of the part which is easy to be attacked by predators.
  • the various sections 32, 34 can be connected to one another in various ways, e.g. means of a spiralling steel wire going through the side openings of the neighbouring sections, e.g. by means of a metal rope going through the side openings of the neighbouring sections or e.g. by means of pieces of binding wire.
  • the various sections consisted of the side wall of the aquaculture net do not form separate parts but are part of one continuous woven chain link fence made of same type of wire but different from the wires at the bottom section.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a side of a chain-link fence aquaculture net 40 according to the present invention.
  • the aquaculture net is directly connected to the floating devices 16.
  • the side wall of the aquaculture net comprises part of one continuous woven chain link fence with the same penetration strength which is lower than that of the bottom part.
  • first top wire 42 of the chain-link fence may be
  • the wires 44,46 below have a smaller diameter and even smaller to the bottom of the net.
  • Figure 5 is a view of the bottom of an aquaculture net 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the penetration strength of the bottom part is enhanced by attaching an additional chain link mesh 54.
  • the additional chain link mesh 54 may have the same diameter and tensile strength with the original chain link mesh 52 of the bottom.
  • the additional chain link mesh 54 has the same mesh opening with the original chain link mesh 52.
  • the two pieces of chain link mesh 52, 54 can be connected to one another in various ways, e.g. means of a spiralling steel wire going through the side openings of the neighbouring sections, e.g. by means of a metal rope going through the side openings of the neighbouring sections or e.g. by means of pieces of binding wire.
  • extra connections can be provided all over the entire bottom.
  • a connecter 56 is provided every 5 meshes, 10 meshes or 20 meshes.
  • the two pieces of meshes are preferably arranged in such a way that the original chain link mesh are divided into almost four equivalent parts by the additional piece of chain link mesh.
  • This embodiment provide the possibility to strengthen the aquaculture net, in particular the bottom part, after the aquaculture net is already produced or installed in case the attacks from the predators are initially overlooked.
  • additional chain link mesh may be attached to make the aquaculture net stronger.
  • additional piece of chain link mesh may be provided in a relatively weak region, e.g. the connection part of different pieces of chain link fence.
  • barbed wires are included as an extra deterrent for the predators.
  • the barbed wires may be applied to any of the above
  • FIG. 6 shows an aquaculture net 60 with barbed wires 66 at the bottom 64.
  • the aquaculture net in figure 6 shows a tunnel shaped round bottom, but it does not exclude a flat round bottom or a square shaped bottom aquaculture net.
  • the barbed wires may be conventional barbed wires available in the market, e.g. MOTTO® wire.
  • the barbed wire may also be made of the same material as the wires used in the aquaculture net.
  • the barbed wire and net are preferably made of the same material to prevent galvanic corrosion.
  • the barbed wire can be connected to the chain link fence in various ways, e.g. means of a spiralling steel wire going through the side openings of the chain link fence, e.g. by means of a metal rope going through the chain link fence, e.g. by means of pieces of binding wire or e.g. by clips.
  • a connecter may be provided for instance every 5,10 or 20 meshes.
  • the distance between barbed wires may be different. However, the
  • distance between barbed wires is preferably the same and the barbed wires are separated every 5, 10 or 20 meshes.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un filet d'aquaculture (60) doté d'un fond (64) et de parois latérales (62), ledit fond et lesdites parois latérales comprenant des fils d'acier, et ledit fond présentant une résistance de pénétration qui est supérieure à la résistance de pénétration desdites parois latérales, ce qui permet d'obtenir une différence de résistance de pénétration. L'avantage du filet d'aquaculture selon l'invention est d'empêcher les prédateurs de pénétrer à l'intérieur du filet.
PCT/EP2013/061486 2012-06-19 2013-06-04 Filet d'aquaculture doté d'un fond solide WO2013189732A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380032440.9A CN104411164A (zh) 2012-06-19 2013-06-04 具有牢固底部的水产养殖网
MX2014014541A MX2014014541A (es) 2012-06-19 2013-06-04 Red de acuicultura con fondo fuerte.
AU2013279648A AU2013279648A1 (en) 2012-06-19 2013-06-04 Aquaculture net with strong bottom
JP2015517660A JP2015525080A (ja) 2012-06-19 2013-06-04 丈夫な底部を有する養殖網

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12172519 2012-06-19
EP12172519.6 2012-06-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013189732A1 true WO2013189732A1 (fr) 2013-12-27

Family

ID=48570159

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/061486 WO2013189732A1 (fr) 2012-06-19 2013-06-04 Filet d'aquaculture doté d'un fond solide

Country Status (6)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2015525080A (fr)
CN (1) CN104411164A (fr)
AU (1) AU2013279648A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2014003259A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2014014541A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013189732A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX2017006924A (es) * 2015-05-22 2017-11-30 Ullrich Machinery Company Ltd Acabado de borde para una malla.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998031217A1 (fr) * 1997-01-20 1998-07-23 Refa As Ensemble de realisation de parc flottant de pisciculture
JP2009213397A (ja) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-24 Daiichi Vinyl Kk プラスチック製刺状片を有する有刺線
US20100050952A1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 International Copper Association, Ltd Aquaculture net and flotation structure
WO2011114510A1 (fr) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 芦森工業株式会社 Conserve de poisson

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998031217A1 (fr) * 1997-01-20 1998-07-23 Refa As Ensemble de realisation de parc flottant de pisciculture
JP2009213397A (ja) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-24 Daiichi Vinyl Kk プラスチック製刺状片を有する有刺線
US20100050952A1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 International Copper Association, Ltd Aquaculture net and flotation structure
WO2011114510A1 (fr) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 芦森工業株式会社 Conserve de poisson

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CL2014003259A1 (es) 2015-06-12
CN104411164A (zh) 2015-03-11
JP2015525080A (ja) 2015-09-03
MX2014014541A (es) 2015-02-20
AU2013279648A1 (en) 2014-11-06

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