WO2013189162A1 - 柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法 - Google Patents

柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013189162A1
WO2013189162A1 PCT/CN2012/087147 CN2012087147W WO2013189162A1 WO 2013189162 A1 WO2013189162 A1 WO 2013189162A1 CN 2012087147 W CN2012087147 W CN 2012087147W WO 2013189162 A1 WO2013189162 A1 WO 2013189162A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
flexible substrate
layer
flexible
crystal display
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English (en)
French (fr)
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鹿岛美纪
柳在健
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to US13/994,741 priority Critical patent/US9207485B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
    • Y10T29/49126—Assembling bases

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a flexible transparent liquid crystal display and a method of fabricating the same. Background technique
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • a flexible transparent liquid crystal display formed using a flexible substrate has been proposed on the basis of a transparent display.
  • the liquid crystal display is light in weight, thin in thickness, and excellent in impact resistance.
  • the liquid crystal display has soft and transparent characteristics, it can be mounted on the surface of a non-planar object that requires transparent display, such as a vehicle windshield or a transparent advertising screen.
  • the flexibility of flexible transparent liquid crystal displays greatly expands the range of applications for transparent displays.
  • the preparation technology of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display is not perfect at present.
  • the flexible substrate preparation technology such as low process efficiency for preparing a flexible substrate
  • light transmittance is low
  • image contrast is not high
  • flexible transparent liquid crystal is made.
  • the quality of the conventional transparent liquid crystal display cannot be achieved. Therefore, although the flexible transparent display has a wide application range and a large demand, there are certain difficulties in the manufacturing process, which cannot meet the needs of users. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a flexible transparent liquid crystal display and a method of fabricating the same, which can improve the process efficiency of preparing a liquid crystal display.
  • An aspect of the invention provides a flexible transparent liquid crystal display comprising: a first flexible substrate provided with a common electrode layer; a second flexible substrate provided with a pixel electrode and a thin film field effect transistor array; the first flexible substrate and At least one layer of a bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer formed between the second flexible substrates.
  • the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer may include a smectic liquid crystal, a polymerizable monomer, an ion, and a dichroic dye.
  • three layers of the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer may be formed between the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate.
  • the dichroic dye colors in the three-layer bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer may be red, green, and blue, respectively.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display may further include a backlight.
  • the surface of the first flexible substrate provided with the common electrode layer may be a silanized surface.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for fabricating a flexible transparent liquid crystal display, comprising: step S1, forming a common electrode layer on a first flexible substrate;
  • Step S2 performing surface treatment on the first flexible substrate on which the common electrode layer is formed;
  • Step S3 forming at least one bistable polymer between the first substrate and the common electrode layer of the first flexible substrate Dispersing the liquid crystal layer;
  • Step S4 peeling off the first substrate
  • Step S5 forming a box of the first flexible substrate on which the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is prepared and a second flexible substrate provided with a pixel electrode and a corresponding thin film field effect transistor array.
  • the surface treatment in the step S2 may be surface silanization for increasing the bonding force of the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and the first flexible substrate.
  • step S3 may include: forming three layers of the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the common electrode layer of the first flexible substrate.
  • the color of the dichroic dye in the three layers of the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer may be red, green, and blue, respectively.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display provided by the embodiment of the invention and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of using the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, thereby eliminating the need for the color film substrate, thereby improving the light transmittance of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display, and being flexible.
  • a liquid crystal display manufactured by forming a bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer between substrates can maintain transparency and ensure softness. Since the color film substrate is no longer needed to be prepared, the process steps of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display are simple, thereby improving the process efficiency of manufacturing the flexible transparent liquid crystal display.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a flexible transparent liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flexible transparent liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible transparent liquid crystal display according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 includes a first flexible substrate 101, a second flexible substrate 105, and at least one layer of bistable PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) formed between the first flexible substrate 101 and the second flexible substrate 105.
  • bistable PDLC Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
  • the liquid crystal layer 106 is dispersed.
  • the first flexible substrate 101 is provided with a common electrode layer 102.
  • the common electrode layer 102 can be, for example, An indium tin oxide (ITO) layer, an indium oxide (ITO) layer, a tin oxide (SnOx) layer, or the like.
  • the second flexible substrate 105 is provided with an array of pixel electrodes 103 and corresponding thin film field effect transistors 104. That is, the second flexible substrate 105 is, for example, an array substrate, for example, including a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines, the gate lines and the data lines crossing each other thereby defining pixel units arranged in a matrix, each of which includes A thin film transistor of a switching element and a pixel electrode for controlling alignment of the liquid crystal.
  • the gate of the thin film transistor of each pixel is electrically connected or integrally formed with the corresponding gate line
  • the source is electrically connected or integrally formed with the corresponding data line
  • the drain is electrically connected or integrally formed with the corresponding pixel electrode.
  • the first flexible substrate 101 serves as an opposite substrate, and forms a liquid crystal cell opposite to the second flexible substrate 105.
  • the first flexible substrate 101 and the second flexible substrate 105 are made of, for example, polyester (e.g., PET), polyimide (PI), or the like.
  • the surface of the first flexible substrate 102 provided with the common electrode layer 102 is subjected to surface treatment such as surface silanization to enhance the bonding force between the first flexible substrate 101 and the PDLC layer 106.
  • the bistable PDLC layer 106 can be prepared from smectic liquid crystals, polymerizable monomers, ions, and dichroic dyes.
  • the bistable PDLC layer 106 can be implemented, for example, using any known means, see, for example, Ebru A. Buyuktamr et al. "Flexible Bistable Smectic-A LCD Based on PDLC" (SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, Volume 36, Issue 1, Pages 1778-1781, May 2005), which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
  • the dichroic dye may be a red dye, a green dye, a blue dye or the like; thus, the bistable PDLC layer 106 can provide three primary colors instead of the color filter substrate, and the color transparent substrate is not required in the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10. Thereby improving the light transmittance of the display.
  • the red dye, the green dye and the blue dye for example, a dye known in the art can be used.
  • the cell gap of the liquid crystal cell formed by the first flexible substrate 101 and the second flexible substrate 105 may be controlled by a spacer (for example, glass beads or glass fibers) to be 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers.
  • the prepared bistable PDLC layer 106 has a thickness of 5 microns to 45 microns.
  • the second embodiment of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10, as shown in FIG. 2, may further include a backlight 107, which is disposed under the second flexible substrate 105 (rear), away from the double Steady-state PDLC layer 106 - side.
  • the backlight 107 can be, for example, a side illumination type or a direct type.
  • the third embodiment of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10, as shown in FIG. 3, includes a three-layer bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 106 formed between the first flexible substrate 101 and the second flexible substrate 105.
  • the bistable PDLC layer 106 can be prepared from smectic liquid crystals, polymerizable monomers, ions, and different dichroic dyes.
  • the first layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is prepared from smectic liquid crystal, polymerizable monomer, ions, and red dye
  • the second layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is composed of smectic liquid crystal, polymerizable monomer, ions, and A green dye is prepared
  • a third layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is prepared from smectic liquid crystals, polymerizable monomers, ions, and blue dyes.
  • the first layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is prepared from smectic liquid crystal, polymerizable monomer, ions, and green dye; the second layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is composed of smectic liquid crystal, polymerizable monomer, The ionic and blue dyes are prepared; the third layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is prepared from smectic liquid crystals, polymerizable monomers, ions, and red dye.
  • the first layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is prepared from smectic liquid crystal, polymerizable monomer, ions, and red dye; the second layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 is composed of smectic liquid crystal, polymerizable monomer, The ionic and blue dyes are prepared; the third bistable PDLC layer 106 is prepared from smectic liquid crystals, polymerizable monomers, ions, and green dyes.
  • the arrangement of the three color dichroic dyes in the three-layer bistable PDLC layer 106 can be otherwise.
  • other arrangements of the dichroic dyes are prepared.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 is within the protection range.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 is not provided with a backlight; the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 of this embodiment may also be provided with a backlight.
  • the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a first flexible substrate 101 provided with a common electrode layer 102, a second flexible substrate 105 provided with a pixel electrode 103 and a thin film field effect transistor array 104, and At least one layer of bistable PDLC layer 106 between the two. Since the bistable PDLC layer 106 is used, the light transmittance of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 is improved without using a color filter substrate, and the liquid crystal display manufactured by forming the bistable PDLC layer 106 between the flexible substrates can be used. Keep it transparent and ensure softness. Since the color film substrate is no longer required to be prepared, the process steps of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display 10 are made simple, thereby improving the process efficiency of manufacturing the flexible transparent liquid crystal display.
  • the preparation method of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display provided by the embodiment of the invention may include the following steps. Step S1, forming a common electrode layer on the first flexible substrate.
  • an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer is formed on the first flexible substrate.
  • Step S2 performing surface treatment on the first flexible substrate on which the common electrode layer is formed.
  • a surface silanization treatment is performed on the first flexible substrate on which the common electrode layer is formed, and the surface silanization treatment is used to improve the bonding force between the bistable PDLC layer and the first flexible substrate.
  • the first flexible substrate is subjected to surface silanization treatment in advance, such as surface treatment of the ITO film with a polymerizable silane coupling agent to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the polymer network and the ITO film.
  • surface silanization treatment such as surface treatment of the ITO film with a polymerizable silane coupling agent to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the polymer network and the ITO film.
  • the coupling process of the silane coupling agent is achieved by the following reaction.
  • the Si-X silicon group in the silane coupling agent is hydrolyzed to form Si-OH silicon hydroxide; the dehydration condensation is carried out between Si-OH to form an Si-OH-containing oligosiloxane; and the oligomeric silicon is further formed.
  • the Si—OH in the oxane forms a hydrogen bond with the —OH of the surface of the first flexible substrate; finally, by heating, a dehydration condensation reaction occurs between the Si—OH in the oligosiloxane and the —OH on the surface of the first flexible substrate.
  • the silane coupling agent is covalently bonded to the surface of the first flexible substrate to complete the silanization treatment of the surface of the first flexible substrate.
  • Step S3 forming at least one bistable PDLC layer between the first substrate and the common electrode layer of the first flexible substrate.
  • an appropriate amount of bistable polymer liquid crystal material (in a liquid state which has not yet been cured) is firstly applied on the first flexible substrate, and a spacer (for example, a spherical spacer or a glass fiber) may be simultaneously distributed with the liquid crystal material. Wait) . Then, for example, the first substrate is bonded to the first flexible substrate from above to form a liquid crystal cell. After the cartridge is used, the liquid crystal material is cured using ultraviolet light. After the curing is completed, a bistable polymer liquid crystal layer is formed between the first substrate and the first flexible substrate.
  • the first substrate may be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate (e.g., a glass substrate).
  • the thickness of the bistable polymer liquid crystal layer can be controlled by using the first substrate, otherwise the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is difficult to be uniformly formed; secondly, some polymer materials are anaerobic, so it is difficult to cure when in contact with air. These polymeric materials can be isolated from the air using the first substrate.
  • bistable PDLC layer smectic liquid crystals, ions, polymerizable monomers and dichroic dyes can be used to prepare the bistable PDLC layer.
  • the optical properties of the bistable PDLC layer largely depend on the effective refractive index of the smectic liquid crystal molecules and the degree of matching of the polymer matrix. That is, the effective refractive index of the PDLC layer film can be adjusted by selecting different polymerizable monomers such as acrylate or epoxy polymerizable monomers and smectic liquid crystals such as smectic A phase liquid crystals. For a color PDLC layer with a dichroic dye added, the light is effectively refracted according to the liquid crystal display.
  • the smectic liquid crystal having a suitable effective refractive index and a polymerizable monomer can be used to obtain the effective refractive index.
  • a doped ion smectic A phase liquid crystal and an acrylic polymerizable monomer can be used to obtain a PDLC layer having a refractive index of about 1.5.
  • the ion-doped smectic A-phase liquid crystal has a refractive index of about 1.7 for extraordinary light and about 1.5 for ordinary light.
  • ordinary light refers to a refracted light in which one of the two refracted lights always obeys the law of refraction when the light propagates in a uniaxial crystal to cause birefringence.
  • the acrylic polymerizable monomer has a refractive index of about 1.5.
  • the refractive indices of the smectic liquid crystals are different, it is necessary to select a polymerizable monomer having a corresponding refractive index to achieve an effective refractive index.
  • the smectic liquid crystal has a refractive index ranging from 1.5 to 1.7 for extraordinary light and 1.4 to 1.6 for ordinary light.
  • the acrylate or epoxy polymerizable monomer can be selected in the range of the ordinary light refractive index ranging from 1.4 to 1.6, and the acrylate or epoxy polymerizable monomer has a refractive index range of 1.4 1.6, thereby Achieve the effective refractive index required for liquid crystal displays.
  • the smectic liquid crystal molecules in the bistable PDLC layer form a disordered focal conic structure, so the incident light is reflected and refracted at the interface between the smectic liquid crystal and the polymer, exhibiting scattering.
  • the state displays the color, and the smectic liquid crystal molecules remain in the scattering state display color after the low frequency voltage is removed.
  • the smectic liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the direction of the electric field, the incident light is not refracted and reflected, and the incident light is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer, so that the display shows a transparent state; likewise, the high frequency is removed.
  • the smectic liquid crystal molecules can also maintain the transparent state. Since the bistable PDLC layer retains the state before the voltage is removed after the voltage is removed, the use of the bistable PDLC layer can reduce the energy consumption of the liquid crystal display.
  • a three-layer bistable PDLC layer is formed between the first substrate and the common electrode layer of the first flexible substrate, wherein the dichroic dyes for preparing the bistable PDLC layer are red dye, green dye, and Blue dye.
  • Step S4 peeling off the first substrate.
  • the first substrate is not surface-treated, and if the surface silanization treatment is not performed, the interface bonding force of the bistable PDLC layer to the first substrate is very weak; and the first flexible substrate is surface-treated.
  • the silanization treatment has a strong interface bonding force with the bistable PDLC layer. Therefore, the first substrate can be torn from the bistable PDLC layer without affecting the bonding of the first bistable PDLC layer and the first flexible substrate.
  • Step S5 the first flexible substrate on which the bistable PDLC layer is prepared is disposed opposite to the second flexible substrate provided with the pixel electrode and the corresponding thin film field effect transistor array.
  • the first substrate will have been peeled off, and the first flexible substrate on which the PDLC layer is prepared is disposed opposite to the second flexible substrate provided with the pixel electrode and the corresponding thin film field effect transistor array to form a liquid crystal cell.
  • glass beads can be used to control the thickness of the box, such as glass beads, which are controlled by a 10 micron to 50 micron control box.
  • the flexible transparent liquid crystal display provided by the embodiment of the invention and the preparation method thereof, the first flexible substrate provided with the common electrode layer in the flexible transparent liquid crystal display and the second flexible substrate provided with the pixel electrode and the corresponding thin film field effect transistor array are formed There is at least one layer of a bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer. Since the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is used, the color transmittance of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display is improved, and the liquid crystal produced by the bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is formed between the flexible substrates. The display remains transparent and soft. Since the color film substrate is no longer required to be prepared, the process steps of the flexible transparent liquid crystal display are simple, thereby improving the process efficiency of manufacturing the flexible transparent liquid crystal display.

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Abstract

一种柔性透明液晶显示器（10），包括：设置有公共电极层（102）的第一柔性基板（101）；设置有像素电极（103）和薄膜场效应晶体管阵列（104）的第二柔性基板（105）；所述第一柔性基板（104）和所述第二柔性基板（105）之间形成有至少一层双稳态高分子分散液晶层（106）。还提供一种柔性透明液晶显示器的制备方法，能够提高制备柔性透明液晶显示器（10）的工艺效率。

Description

柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法。 背景技术
近年来随着科学技术的不断进步， LCD( Liquid Crystal Display液晶显示 ) 技术的不断完善， 它以能耗低、 易于平板化、 环保等优势， 占据显示领域非 常重要的地位。 随着各行业对液晶显示器的需求量增加， 液晶显示器件被广 泛的应用于从小型信息终端至透射型大型投影设备的广大领域。
近年来， 在透明显示器的基础上又提出了使用柔性基板形成的柔性透明 液晶显示器。 这种液晶显示器重量轻、 厚度薄、 耐冲击性优良。 而且， 由于 这种液晶显示器具有柔软且透明的特性， 所以可以安装在需要透明显示的非 平面物体的表面上， 如可安装在车辆挡风玻璃或透明广告屏幕上等。 柔性透 明液晶显示器的柔性大幅的拓宽了透明显示器的适用范围。
但是， 目前柔性透明液晶显示器的制备技术尚不完善。 一方面柔性基板 制备技术存在瓶颈， 如制备柔性基板的工艺效率较低； 另一方面， 在使用柔 性基板制造透明液晶显示器时， 光线的透过率较低， 图像对比度不高， 使得 柔性透明液晶显示器在显示图像时，无法达到传统的透明液晶显示器的质量。 因此， 虽然柔性透明显示器适用范围较广， 需求较大， 但是制造工艺上存在 一定的困难， 无法满足用户的需求。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法， 能够提高 制备液晶显示器的工艺效率。
本发明的一方面提供了一种柔性透明液晶显示器， 包括： 设置有公共电 极层的第一柔性基板； 设置有像素电极和薄膜场效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性 基板； 所述第一柔性基板和所述第二柔性基板之间形成的至少一层双稳态高 分子分散液晶层。 对于该柔性透明液晶显示器， 例如， 所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层可以 包括近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和二向色性染料。
对于该柔性透明液晶显示器， 例如， 所述第一柔性基板和所述第二柔性 基板之间可以形成有三层所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层。
对于该柔性透明液晶显示器， 例如， 所述三层双稳态高分子分散液晶层 中的所述二向色性染料颜色可以分别为红色、 绿色和蓝色。
例如， 所述柔性透明液晶显示器可以还包括背光源。
对于该柔性透明液晶显示器， 例如， 设置有公共电极层的第一柔性基板 的表面可以为硅烷化的表面。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种柔性透明液晶显示器的制备方法， 包括： 步骤 Sl、 在第一柔性基板上形成公共电极层；
步骤 S2、 对形成有公共电极层所述第一柔性基板进行表面处理； 步骤 S3、在第一基板与所述第一柔性基板的所述公共电极层之间形成至 少一层双稳态高分子分散液晶层；
步骤 S4、 剥离所述第一基板；
步骤 S5、对制备有所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层的所述第一柔性基板与 设置有像素电极和对应薄膜场效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性基板成盒。
对于该制备方法， 例如， 步骤 S2 中所述表面处理可以为表面硅烷化， 用于提高所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层与所述第一柔性基板的结合力。
对于该制备方法， 例如， 步骤 S3 可以包括： 在第一基板与所述第一柔 性基板的所述公共电极层之间形成三层所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层。
对于该制备方法， 例如， 三层所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层中的所述二 向色性染料颜色可以分别为红色、 绿色和蓝色。
本发明实施例提供的柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法， 由于釆用了双 稳态高分子分散液晶层， 从而无需再使用彩膜基板， 提高了柔性透明液晶显 示器的光透过率， 在柔性基板之间形成双稳态高分子分散液晶层制造的液晶 显示器既可以保持透明又可以保证柔软程度。 由于不再需要制备彩膜基板， 而使得柔性透明液晶显示器的工艺步骤简单， 从而提高制造柔性透明液晶显 示器的工艺效率。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案， 下面将对实施例的附图作 简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例， 而非对本发明的限制。
图 1为本发明实施例一提供的柔性透明液晶显示器结构示意图； 图 2为本发明实施例二提供的柔性透明液晶显示器结构示意图； 图 3为本发明实施例三提供的柔性透明液晶显示器结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义， 此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。 本发明专利申请说明书以及权 利要求书中使用的 "第一" 、 "第二" 以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、 数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样， "一个 "或者 "一" 等类似词语也不表示数量限制， 而是表示存在至少一个。 "包括" 或者 "包 含" 等类似的词语意指出现在 "包括" 或者 "包含" 前面的元件或者物件涵 盖出现在 "包括" 或者 "包含" 后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同， 并不排 除其他元件或者物件。 "连接" 或者 "相连" 等类似的词语并非限定于物理 的或者机械的连接， 而是可以包括电性的连接， 不管是直接的还是间接的。 "上" 、 "下" 、 "左" 、 "右" 等仅用于表示相对位置关系， 当被描述对 象的绝对位置改变后， 则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
本发明实施例一提供的柔性透明液晶显示器 10, 如图 1所示。 该柔性透 明液晶显示器 10包括第一柔性基板 101、第二柔性基板 105以及在第一柔性 基板 101和第二柔性基板 105之间形成有至少一层双稳态 PDLC ( Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal, 高分子分散液晶）层 106。
第一柔性基板 101设置有公共电极层 102。 公共电极层 102例如可以为 氧化铟锡（ITO )层、 氧化铟辞（ΙΖΟ )层、 氧化锡（SnOx )层等。
第二柔性基板 105设置有像素电极 103和对应薄膜场效应晶体管 104的 阵列。 也即， 第二柔性基板 105例如作为阵列基板， 例如包括多条栅线和多 条数据线， 这些栅线和数据线彼此交叉由此限定了排列为矩阵的像素单元， 每个像素单元包括作为开关元件的薄膜晶体管和用于控制液晶的排列的像素 电极。例如，每个像素的薄膜晶体管的栅极与相应的栅线电连接或一体形成， 源极与相应的数据线电连接或一体形成， 漏极与相应的像素电极电连接或一 体形成。 下面的描述主要针对单个或多个像素单元进行， 但是其他像素单元 可以相同地形成。 相应地， 第一柔性基板 101作为相对基板， 与第二柔性基 板 105对置形成液晶盒（ cell ) 。
该第一柔性基板 101和第二柔性基板 105例如釆用聚酯 (例如 PET)、 聚 酰亚胺（Polyimide, PI)等材料。
需要说明的是， 对设置有公共电极层 102的第一柔性基板 102的表面进 行表面处理， 如表面硅烷化， 以提高的第一柔性基板 101与 PDLC层 106之 间的结合力。
示例性的， 双稳态 PDLC层 106可以由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子 和二向色性染料制备得到。 双稳态 PDLC层 106例如可以使用任何已知的方 式实现，例如参见 Ebru A. Buyuktamr等人的 "Flexible Bistable Smectic-A LCD Based on PDLC" ( SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, Volume 36, Issue 1, pages 1778-1781, May 2005 ) , 将该文献整体通过引用的方式结合到 本申请之中。
二向色性染料可以为红色染料、 绿色染料和蓝色染料等； 这样一来， 双 稳态 PDLC层 106可以代替彩膜基板提供三基色， 柔性透明液晶显示器 10 中不用再设置彩膜基板， 从而提高了显示器的透光率。 红色染料、 绿色染料 和蓝色染料例如可以釆用本领域已知的染料。
进一步的， 第一柔性基板 101和第二柔性基板 105形成的液晶盒的盒厚 ( cell gap ) 可以由隔垫物 （例如玻璃微珠或玻璃纤维）控制为 10微米到 50 微米。 由此， 制备的双稳态 PDLC层 106厚度为 5微米到 45微米。
柔性透明液晶显示器 10的实施例二，如图 2所示，在实施例一的基础上 还可以包括背光源 107, 其设置于第二柔性基板 105下方（后方） ， 远离双 稳态 PDLC层 106—侧。 背光源 107例如可以是侧面照射式或者直下式。 柔性透明液晶显示器 10的实施例三，如图 3所示， 包括在第一柔性基板 101和第二柔性基板 105之间形成的三层双稳态高分子分散液晶层 106。
需要说明的是， 双稳态 PDLC层 106可以由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和不同的二向色性染料制备。 如第一层双稳态 PDLC层 106由近晶相液 晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和红色染料制备得到； 第二层双稳态 PDLC层 106由 近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和绿色染料制备得到； 第三层双稳态 PDLC 层 106由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和蓝色染料制备得到。 又如， 第一 层双稳态 PDLC层 106由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和绿色染料制备得 到； 第二层双稳态 PDLC层 106由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和蓝色染 料制备得到； 第三层双稳态 PDLC层 106由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子 和红色染料制备得到。 再如， 第一层双稳态 PDLC层 106由近晶相液晶、 可 聚合单体、 离子和红色染料制备得到； 第二层双稳态 PDLC层 106由近晶相 液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和蓝色染料制备得到； 第三层双稳态 PDLC层 106 由近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和绿色染料制备得到。 依此类推， 三种颜 色的二向色性染料在三层双稳态 PDLC层 106中的排布还可以有其他方式， 此处仅是举例说明， 二向色性染料的其他排布方法制备的柔性透明液晶显示 器 10均在保护范围之内。
图 3仅以柔性透明液晶显示器 10不设置有背光源为例进行说明；对于该 实施例的柔性透明液晶显示器 10也可以设置有背光源。 本发明不限于此。
本发明实施例提供的柔性透明液晶显示器 10, 柔性透明液晶显示器 10 包括设置有公共电极层 102的第一柔性基板 101、 设置有像素电极 103和薄 膜场效应晶体管阵列 104的第二柔性基板 105和在二者之间的至少一层双稳 态 PDLC层 106。 由于釆用了双稳态 PDLC层 106, 从而无需再使用彩膜基 板，提高了柔性透明液晶显示器 10的光透过率，在柔性基板之间形成双稳态 PDLC层 106制造的液晶显示器既可以保持透明又可以保证柔软程度。 由于 不再需要制备彩膜基板，而使得柔性透明液晶显示器 10的工艺步骤简单，从 而提高制造柔性透明液晶显示器的工艺效率。
本发明实施例提供的柔性透明液晶显示器的制备方法， 可包括如下的步 骤。 步骤 Sl、 在第一柔性基板上形成公共电极层。
示例性的， 在第一柔性基板上形成氧化铟锡（ITO )层。
步骤 S2、 对形成有公共电极层第一柔性基板进行表面处理。
示例性的， 对形成有公共电极层第一柔性基板进行表面硅烷化处理， 表 面硅烷化处理用于提高双稳态 PDLC层与第一柔性基板的结合力。
预先对第一柔性基板进行表面硅烷化处理， 如可以用可聚合的硅烷偶联 剂对 ITO薄膜进行表面预处理来增强聚合物网络和 ITO薄膜之间的界面结合 力。 硅烷偶联剂的偶联过程是通过下述步骤反应实现的。 例如， 硅烷偶联剂 中的 Si - X硅基水解， 生成 Si - OH氢氧化硅； 在 Si - OH之间进行脱水缩 合， 生成含 Si - OH的低聚硅氧烷； 再使得低聚硅氧烷中的 Si - OH与第一 柔性基板表面的 - OH形成氢键； 最后通过加热，低聚硅氧烷中的 Si - OH和 第一柔性基板表面的 - OH之间发生脱水缩合反应， 使硅烷偶联剂与第一柔 性基板表面形成共价键连接， 进而完成第一柔性基板表面硅烷化的处理。
步骤 S3、在第一基板与第一柔性基板的公共电极层之间形成至少一层双 稳态 PDLC层。
在制备过程中， 先在第一柔性基板上面点滴适量的双稳态高分子液晶材 料（还没固化的液体状态） ， 可以与该液晶材料同时分布隔垫物（例如球形 隔垫物或者玻璃纤维等） 。 然后将， 例如第一基板从上方与第一柔性基板结 合以形成液晶盒。 对盒后， 使用紫外光将液晶材料进行固化。 固化完毕后， 就在第一基板和第一柔性基板之间形成双稳态高分子液晶层。 第一基板可以 为柔性基板或刚性基板（例如玻璃基板） 。
使用第一基板首先可以控制双稳态高分子液晶层的厚度， 否则液晶层的 厚度很难被均匀形成； 其次， 有的高分子材料是厌氧性质的， 因此跟空气接 触时候很难固化， 使用第一基板可以将这些高分子材料与空气隔绝。
值得指出的是， 可以使用近晶相液晶、 离子、 可聚合单体与二向色性染 料来制备双稳态 PDLC层。 需要说明的是， 双稳态 PDLC层的光学特性很大 程度上依赖于近晶相液晶分子的有效折射率， 以及高分子基体的匹配程度。 也就是说， 通过选择不同的可聚合单体， 如丙烯酸酯类或环氧树脂类可聚合 单体和近晶相液晶， 如近晶 A相液晶， 可以调节 PDLC层膜的有效折射率。 对于添加有二向色性染料的彩色 PDLC层， 根据液晶显示器对光线有效折射 率的需求（如， 液晶显示器需要的光线有效折射率为 1.5 ) , 那么可以釆用具 有合适有效折射率的近晶相液晶和聚合单体， 得到这个有效折射率。 如釆用 掺杂离子的近晶 A相液晶和丙烯酸类可聚合单体， 可以得到折射率约为 1.5 的 PDLC层。 掺杂离子的近晶 A相液晶对非寻常光的折射率为约 1.7, 而对 寻常光的折射率约为 1.5。需要说明的是，寻常光是指光在单轴晶体中传播发 生双折射现象时， 两束折射光中的一束恒遵守折射定律的折射光。 丙烯酸类 可聚合单体折射率约为 1.5。
进一步的， 由于近晶相液晶的折射率不同， 需要选择相应折射率的聚合 单体以达到有效折射率。 一般情况下， 近晶相液晶对非寻常光的折射率范围 为 1.5~1.7, 对寻常光折射率范围为 1.4~1.6。 可以在对寻常光折射率范围为 1.4-1.6的范围内选择丙烯酸酯类或环氧树脂类可聚合单体，丙烯酸酯类或环 氧树脂类可聚合单体的折射率范围为 1.4 1.6,从而达到液晶显示器所需的有 效折射率。
需要说明的是， 在施加低频率电压时， 双稳态 PDLC层中近晶相液晶分 子形成无序焦锥结构， 因此入射光在近晶相液晶与高分子的界面发生反射和 折射， 呈现散射态显示颜色， 而且撤去低频率电压后近晶相液晶分子依然保 持散射态显示颜色。 而在施加高频率电压时候， 近晶相液晶分子会按照电场 的方向排列， 入射光不发生折射和反射， 入射光透射可以透过液晶层， 从而 使显示器显示透明态； 同样的， 撤去高频率电压以后， 近晶相液晶分子也可 保持该透明态。 由于双稳态 PDLC层的这种去掉电压后依然保持去掉电压前 的状态的特性， 使得使用双稳态 PDLC层可以降低液晶显示器的耗能。
示例性的， 在第一基板与第一柔性基板的公共电极层之间形成三层双稳 态 PDLC层， 其中， 制备双稳态 PDLC层的二向色性染料分别为红色染料、 绿色染料和蓝色染料。
步骤 S4、 剥离第一基板。
需要说明的是， 第一基板是没有进行表面处理的， 如没有进行表面硅烷 化处理， 那么双稳态 PDLC层与第一基板贴合的界面结合力非常弱； 而第一 柔性基板进行了表面硅烷化处理，与双稳态 PDLC层贴合的界面结合力较强。 所以，可以将第一基板从双稳态 PDLC层上撕下，而不会对第一双稳态 PDLC 层和第一柔性基板的贴合造成影响。 步骤 S5、将其上制备有双稳态 PDLC层的第一柔性基板与设置有像素电 极和对应薄膜场效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性基板相对设置。
示例性的， 将已经剥离了第一基板， 且其上制备有 PDLC层的第一柔性 基板与设置有像素电极和对应薄膜场效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性基板相对设 置以形成液晶盒。 而且， 例如可以使用玻璃微珠来控制盒厚， 如玻璃微珠按 照 10微米到 50微米控制盒厚成盒。
本发明实施例提供的柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法， 柔性透明液晶 显示器中设置有公共电极层的第一柔性基板和设置有像素电极和对应薄膜场 效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性基板之间形成有至少一层双稳态高分子分散液晶 层。 由于釆用了双稳态高分子分散液晶层， 从而无需再使用彩膜基板， 提高 了柔性透明液晶显示器的光透过率， 在柔性基板之间形成双稳态高分子分散 液晶层制造的液晶显示器既可以保持透明又可以保证柔软程度。 由于不再需 要制备彩膜基板， 而使得柔性透明液晶显示器的工艺步骤简单， 从而提高制 造柔性透明液晶显示器的工艺效率。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的具体实施方式， 本发明的保护范围应以所述权 利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种柔性透明液晶显示器， 包括：
设置有公共电极层的第一柔性基板；
设置有像素电极和薄膜场效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性基板；
所述第一柔性基板和所述第二柔性基板之间形成的至少一层双稳态高分 子分散液晶层。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的柔性透明液晶显示器， 其中， 所述双稳态高分 子分散液晶层包括近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和二向色性染料。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的柔性透明液晶显示器， 其中， 所述第一柔性基 板和所述第二柔性基板之间形成有三层所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的柔性透明液晶显示器， 其中， 所述三层双稳态 高分子分散液晶层中的所述二向色性染料颜色分别为红色、 绿色和蓝色。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的柔性透明液晶显示器， 其中， 所述柔性 透明液晶显示器还包括背光源。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5任一所述的柔性透明液晶显示器， 其中， 设置有公 共电极层的第一柔性基板的表面为硅烷化的表面。
7、 一种柔性透明液晶显示器的制备方法， 包括：
步骤 Sl、 在第一柔性基板上形成公共电极层；
步骤 S2、 对形成有公共电极层所述第一柔性基板进行表面处理； 步骤 S3、在第一基板与所述第一柔性基板的所述公共电极层之间形成至 少一层双稳态高分子分散液晶层；
步骤 S4、 剥离所述第一基板；
步骤 S5、对制备有所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层的所述第一柔性基板与 设置有像素电极和对应薄膜场效应晶体管阵列的第二柔性基板成盒。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的制备方法， 其中， 所述双稳态高分子分散液晶 层包括近晶相液晶、 可聚合单体、 离子和二向色性染料。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的制备方法， 其中， 步骤 S2中所述表面处 理为表面硅烷化， 用于提高所述双稳态高分子分散液晶层与所述第一柔性基 板的结合力。
10、 根据权利要求 7-9任一所述的制备方法， 其中， 步骤 S3包括： 在第一基板与所述第一柔性基板的所述公共电极层之间形成三层所述双 稳态高分子分散液晶层。
11、根据权利要求 10所述的制备方法， 其中， 三层所述双稳态高分子分 散液晶层中的所述二向色性染料颜色分别为红色、 绿色和蓝色。
PCT/CN2012/087147 2012-06-19 2012-12-21 柔性透明液晶显示器及其制备方法 Ceased WO2013189162A1 (zh)

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