WO2013186841A1 - Electronic device and vibration provision method - Google Patents
Electronic device and vibration provision method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013186841A1 WO2013186841A1 PCT/JP2012/064941 JP2012064941W WO2013186841A1 WO 2013186841 A1 WO2013186841 A1 WO 2013186841A1 JP 2012064941 W JP2012064941 W JP 2012064941W WO 2013186841 A1 WO2013186841 A1 WO 2013186841A1
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- vibration
- drive signal
- waveform
- actuator
- electronic device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronic device and a vibration providing method.
- smartphones, tablet personal computers, mobile phones, and the like include an interface using a touch panel. These electronic devices accept a touch on the touch panel as an input operation, but do not provide a tactile sensation such as a key click when the touch panel is touched.
- vibration using LRA has a lower drive frequency and vibration acceleration than mechanical click operations.
- the vibration using the LRA even if the input is stopped, the vibration does not stop immediately, and even if a known method is used, the suppression effect is small and it is difficult to obtain a sharp tactile sensation.
- an electronic device that can provide various tactile sensations corresponding to the functions of electronic devices such as application types, importance and subject matter of e-mail, characters used, incoming calls, incoming calls, outgoing calls, outgoing calls, etc.
- the realization of a device and a vibration providing method is an issue.
- an electronic device having a touch panel is An actuator for vibrating the touch panel; A memory that stores link information that associates a function of the electronic device with a plurality of vibration patterns that have different generation timings of drive signals applied to the actuator; A drive control unit that applies the drive signal to the actuator in a corresponding vibration pattern with reference to the link information when an arbitrary function of the electronic device is selected;
- the drive signal comprises: A first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 ⁇ m / n (m, n is a natural number and m ⁇ n) m times when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0; A second drive signal that is a sine wave of the resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and terminates at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave, and f0 ⁇ m / n when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0 A third drive that repeats m times a waveform whose phase is shifted by ⁇ / 2 from a sine wave (m and
- FIG. 19 It is a figure of the 3rd input drive waveform which satisfy
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electronic device that provides a vibration pattern using any one of first to third vibration waveforms. It is a figure which shows the example which linked the kind of application of an electronic device, and the vibration pattern. It is a figure which shows the example which linked the importance and the theme of an email, and a vibration pattern. It is a figure which shows the example which linked the pictogram and vibration pattern which are used by the email text. It is a figure which shows the example of a preservation
- various vibration patterns are generated by changing the generation timing of a signal of a specific vibration waveform, and information by tactile sensation is provided via the touch panel of the electronic device by linking the vibration pattern and the function of the electronic device. Realize communication.
- FIG. 1 to 22 are diagrams for explaining generation of vibration waveforms used in the embodiment.
- the touch panel 3 on which a vibration acceleration waveform 11 (graph A) generated when a metal dome key switch 2 is pressed with a human finger and a linear resonant actuator (LRA: Linear Resonant Actuator) is attached is touched.
- the waveform (graph B) of the vibration acceleration which arises sometimes is shown.
- the vibration acceleration is measured by the accelerometer 1 attached to the finger.
- the vibration (waveform 11) when the key switch 2 is clicked is rapidly attenuated in one to several cycles.
- the vibration (waveform 12) when the touch panel 3 is touched continues after the input of the drive signal is stopped until the free vibration due to the natural frequency of the LRA is attenuated.
- the vibration after the acceleration stop is referred to as “residual vibration”. Residual vibration is suppressed as a first method for producing a sharp tactile sensation with LRA.
- the vibration frequency is 200 Hz
- the vibration frequency is the number of vibrations per second.
- the acceleration of vibration indicates the speed change amount of vibration per unit time.
- Displacement receptors are 100 ⁇ m or more, and velocity receptors are 30 ⁇ m or more. It is said that the acceleration receptor is stimulated with an amplitude of 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m or more.
- the amplitude of the current vibration device is on the order of several ⁇ m, humans only feel acceleration. In this sense, the vibration device provides acceleration stimulation.
- the acceleration of vibration becomes 0.02 G or less within 0.01 seconds, and the finger senses a sharp vibration for a moment.
- waveform 12 it takes 0.1 second until the acceleration of vibration becomes 0.02 G or less, and the finger continues to sense vibration until 0.1 second elapses.
- the vibration indicated by the waveform 11 and the vibration indicated by the waveform 12 are different as tactile sensations that humans sense.
- the vibration waveform obtained by driving the LRA is a sharp waveform such as the waveform 11, thereby providing various tactile sensations by changing the generation timing of the vibration waveform.
- a sharp tactile sensation is provided by converging the vibration waveform generated in the LRA within, for example, 0.01 seconds.
- a sharp tactile sensation is provided by amplifying the amplitude peak of vibration generated on the touch panel and converging it within, for example, 0.02 seconds. Furthermore, combining these two methods provides a sharp tactile sensation.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of an electronic device to which the embodiment is applied.
- the electronic device 100 is an arbitrary device having a touch panel as an input interface, such as a smartphone, a tablet computer, a portable information terminal, or an ATM (Automatic Teller Machine).
- the electronic device 100 includes a housing 110, a touch panel 120, a double-sided tape 130, an LRA 140, and a substrate 150.
- the touch panel 120 is fixed to the housing 110 with a double-sided tape 130.
- the LRA 140 is attached to the back surface of the touch panel 120.
- the LRA 140 is a vibration device in which a vibration system having a resonance frequency designed in advance and an actuator are combined, and the amount of vibration changes according to an applied drive signal.
- the substrate 150 is disposed inside the housing 110.
- the board 150 is mounted with a CPU that controls driving of the LRA 140, a driver IC (Integrated Circuit) that outputs a driving signal to the LRA 140, a memory, and the like.
- a driver IC Integrated Circuit
- an LRA 140, a CPU, a driver IC, and the like constitute a driving device.
- the LRA 140 is a vibration device.
- the LRA 140 is not limited to the LRA as long as it has a resonator and an actuator for excitation.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the LRA 140.
- 4A shows an LRA 30 using a voice coil motor
- FIG. 4B shows an LRA 40 using a piezoelectric element 43.
- the LRA 30 in FIG. 4A includes a spring 31, a magnet 32, and a coil 33. Assuming that the spring constant of the spring 31 is k and the mass of the magnet 32 is m, the natural frequency f0 of the LRA 30 is expressed by equation (1).
- the 4B includes a weight 41, a beam 42, and a piezoelectric element 43.
- the mass of the weight 41 is m
- the Young's modulus of the beam 42 is E
- the moment of inertia of the cross section of the beam 42 is I
- the length in the longitudinal direction of the beam 42 is L
- the natural frequency f0 of the LRA 40 is Indicated by
- the LRA 30 of the voice coil motor may be applied, or the LRA 40 using the piezoelectric element 43 may be applied.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the drive device of the electronic device 100.
- the driving device 200 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 210 and a memory 220.
- the CPU 210 reads and executes the drive control program 230 stored in the memory 220, thereby controlling the drive of the LRA 140 described later.
- the memory 220 includes a storage area in which the drive control program 230 is stored, a storage area in which the waveform data 240 is stored, and a storage area in which an API (Application Programming Interface) 250 is stored.
- API Application Programming Interface
- the drive control program 230 causes the CPU 210 to execute drive control of the LRA 140.
- the waveform data 240 is data representing an input drive waveform for driving the LRA 140.
- the waveform data 240 is generated and stored in advance. As a feature of the embodiment, at least one of first to third input drive waveforms described later is stored so that a sharp touch can be given to the touch panel.
- the API 250 is activated by the drive control program 230 and performs various processes for providing a tactile sensation. Although the API 250 is stored in the memory 220 in FIG. 5, the API 250 may be stored in another memory mounted on the board 150.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the driving operation of the LRA 140 by the driving device 200 of FIG.
- the driving device 200 activates the API 250 (step S602).
- the API 250 reads the waveform data 240 stored in the memory 220, and outputs a drive command corresponding to the waveform data 240 to the driver IC 260 (step S603).
- the driver IC 260 performs D / A (Digital-to-Analog) conversion on the waveform data 240 (step S604), and amplifies it with an amplifier or the like (step S605).
- the driver IC 260 outputs the amplified signal to the LRA 140 (step S606).
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a first input drive waveform (drive signal) applied to the LRA 140 of FIG.
- the first input drive waveform is a drive waveform that can sharply suppress free vibration due to the natural frequency of the LRA 140, that is, residual vibration, that continues even after application of the drive signal is stopped.
- This signal is a signal that causes the LRA 140 to vibrate m times.
- the LRA 140 When the input sine wave F is applied to the LRA 140, the LRA 140 generates a vibration having a natural frequency (resonance frequency) f0 of the LRA 140. That is, a combined wave of the input sine wave F having the frequency f1 and the natural vibration f0 of the LRA 140 is generated in the LRA 140, and the LRA 140 is displaced according to the combined wave.
- FIG. 9 is a response waveform of the LRA 140 when the input sine wave F as the first drive signal is applied to the LRA 140.
- the waveform indicated by the dotted line indicates the forced vibration component y1 of the vibration displacement generated when the input sine wave F is applied to the LRA 140
- the waveform indicated by the solid line indicates the free vibration component y2.
- the response displacement y3 when the drive signal F is applied to the LRA 140 is a composite wave of y1 and y2 as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the composite displacement y3 also becomes zero.
- the displacement speed of the LRA 140 also becomes 0, and the vibration of the LRA 140 stops.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the displacement, speed, and acceleration of the LRA 140.
- 10A is a diagram showing the waveform of the composite wave y3
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the velocity waveform y3 ′ obtained by differentiating the displacement of the composite wave y3.
- FIG. These are figures which show the waveform y3 '' of the acceleration obtained by differentiating the displacement of the synthetic wave y3 twice.
- the velocity waveform y3 ′ and the acceleration waveform y3 ′′ become zero when the synthesized wave y3 becomes zero, and the vibration of the LRA 140 stops at timing T.
- the acceleration waveform y3 ′′ at this time becomes 0.02 G or less in two cycles within 0.01 seconds.
- This acceleration response is a response when the key button 2 of the metal dome is pressed (FIG. 1A). It is very close and can reproduce the click feeling.
- FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 are diagrams for explaining the effect of the first method.
- FIG. 11A shows a waveform of a drive signal having a natural frequency applied to the LRA 140.
- FIG. 11B shows an acceleration response simulation when a drive signal having a natural frequency is applied.
- FIG. 11C is a diagram illustrating an acceleration measurement result in an actual electronic device.
- FIG. 12 shows a conventional method in which a drive signal having a natural frequency is applied to the LRA 140 and a signal waveform having a phase opposite to that of the residual vibration is applied.
- FIG. 12B shows a case where the sine wave of FIG. 12A is used as a drive signal and a voltage having a phase opposite to the vibration generated in the LRA 140 is applied after the supply of the drive signal is stopped in an actual machine equipped with the LRA 140. It is a measurement result of response acceleration in an actual electronic device.
- the residual vibration is smaller than that in FIG. 11, but it takes 0.05 seconds or more for the acceleration to become 0.02 G or less, which is the human detection lower limit.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an acceleration response of the LRA when a signal that does not satisfy the conditions of the embodiment is used as a drive signal.
- FIG. 13A shows a sine wave having a frequency of 300 Hz that does not satisfy a specific condition.
- FIG. 13B shows an acceleration response when a simulation is performed using the sine wave of FIG. 13A as a drive signal.
- FIG. 14 shows the response characteristics of the LRA 140 when a signal that satisfies the conditions of the embodiment is used as a drive signal.
- FIG. 14B shows a response simulation when the sine wave of FIG. 14A is applied as a drive signal.
- the acceleration of the residual vibration is 0.02 G or less of the detection lower limit, and the vibration waveform is a short-time waveform.
- the natural frequency f0 may be the natural frequency of the LRA 140 after the LRA 140 is incorporated into the electronic device 100.
- the drive frequency f1 is preferably set so that the error is 1% or less with respect to m / n ⁇ f0. If the frequency f1 is set in this way, even if residual vibration occurs after the application of the drive signal is stopped, the acceleration of the vibration is 0.02G or less, which is the human detection lower limit, and is not perceived by humans. There is no loss.
- the touch panel 120 itself fixed to the housing 110 is also a vibrating body that vibrates at a high frequency.
- the LRA 140 is given a drive signal (second drive signal) that oscillates at the resonance frequency f0 of the LRA and ends at a point away from the center (zero) of the amplitude.
- the high frequency vibration of the touch panel itself is excited at the terminal P1.
- a peak in which a drive signal peak and a high-frequency vibration peak are superimposed is generated, and immediately after that, it rapidly attenuates in one to several cycles. This reproduces a sharp tactile sensation like a click.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining excitation of vibration by the resonance frequency of the touch panel.
- FIG. 15A shows a sine waveform of a drive signal applied to the LRA 140
- FIG. 15B shows a waveform of acceleration of vibration generated on the touch panel.
- the resonance frequency of the LRA 140 is 225 Hz
- the resonance frequency of the touch panel 120 itself is 1 kHz.
- the resonance frequency of the touch panel 120 here is a resonance frequency in a state where the four sides of the touch panel 120 are fixed to the housing 110.
- the location where the high frequency vibration of the touch panel is excited is designated as the drive waveform end P1, because the vibration of the resonance system is gradually amplified during the drive, and the vibration amount is maximized at the end of the drive waveform. This is because the maximum superimposing effect is obtained.
- the drive waveform input to the LRA 140 is a 225 Hz sine wave, and the drive time is 7/4 cycles so that the end of the drive waveform has an amplitude peak.
- the voltage changes sharply from peak to zero.
- FIG. 15B on the top panel surface, the acceleration amplitude peak of the high frequency vibration due to the higher order vibration of the top panel almost overlaps the peak position of the acceleration amplitude of the low frequency vibration due to the LRA drive. appear.
- the reason why the peak of the low frequency signal and the high frequency vibration almost overlap is that if the low frequency vibration is 225 Hz and the high frequency vibration is 1 kHz, the acceleration waveform has a ⁇ / 2 phase difference with respect to the drive waveform because the resonance frequency is 225 Hz.
- the peak of the drive waveform that is the end is the zero point of the acceleration waveform. Therefore, the peak of the low frequency vibration should reach a peak in a quarter cycle after the driving waveform is finished. When this is converted into time, it is about 1.11 ms later.
- the high frequency vibration of the touch panel should rise from zero at the end of the drive waveform (at the end P1) and reach the peak in the same direction as the low frequency vibration in 3/4 period. When this is converted into time, it is after 0.75 ms. Therefore, the peak of the high frequency vibration of the drive signal and the touch panel occurs with a time difference of 0.36 ms. The peak of the high frequency vibration overlaps with the position where the intensity is about 87% from the peak of the low frequency vibration.
- FIG. 16 shows an acceleration waveform when a drive signal that simply shortens the vibration time of the LRA is applied as a comparative example.
- the vibration of the touch panel 120 requires a rise time for amplifying the vibration amount even when the driving time of the LRA 140 is shortened and a time until the acceleration of the amplified vibration is attenuated to 0.02 G or less. Continue for several cycles. In the example of FIG. 16, it takes about 25 msec from the rise to the decay, and the vibration continues for about 4 cycles. Therefore, a sharp touch such as a click feeling cannot be obtained.
- FIG. 17 shows a modification of the drive signal of FIG.
- the end of the drive signal that is, the point where high frequency vibration is excited is shifted from P1.
- FIG. 17A shows a sine waveform of a drive signal applied to the LRA 140
- FIG. 17B shows an acceleration waveform of vibration generated on the touch panel.
- the drive time is 7/4 cycle + 0.36 msec because the end P2 of the drive signal is shifted from the peak of the amplitude.
- a steep change from 87% intensity to zero occurs with respect to the peak of the drive waveform.
- the discontinuous change amount at the end of the drive waveform is reduced, so that the high-frequency amplitude peak is slightly smaller than that in FIG. 15, but the peak of the low-frequency signal and the high-frequency signal. It overlaps with the gap.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a third drive signal applied to the LRA 140.
- a drive signal that satisfies both the first method and the second method described above is used.
- FIG. 18A shows a voltage waveform of the third drive signal
- FIG. 18B shows an acceleration waveform of vibration generated on the touch panel by application of the third drive signal.
- the drive signal G is a cosine wave whose phase is shifted by + ⁇ / 2 from the sine wave waveform. Also in this case, the peak of the high frequency vibration excited on the touch panel is superimposed on the peak of the low frequency drive signal.
- the resonance frequency (high-frequency vibration) of the touch panel 120 is the resonance frequency in a state where the four sides of the touch panel 120 are fixed to the housing 110. When the LRA 140 is disposed inside the housing 110, the resonance frequency of the touch panel 120 is the resonance frequency when the touch panel 120 is incorporated in the housing 110.
- Data representing the waveform of the drive signal G in FIG. 18A is stored in the memory.
- the waveform data may be information such as the frequency f1, amplitude, phase, and period (value of m) of the drive signal G, or the waveform of the drive signal G itself.
- the peak of the acceleration amplitude of the high-frequency vibration due to the high-order vibration of the top panel occurs almost overlapping with the peak position of the acceleration amplitude of the low-frequency vibration due to the LRA drive.
- the acceleration waveform has a ⁇ phase difference with respect to the drive waveform, and the peak of the drive waveform that is the terminal is also the peak of the acceleration waveform. Therefore, the high frequency rises from the low frequency peak. If the high frequency vibration is 1 kHz, a high period peak should occur 0.25 ms (1/4 period) behind the low frequency peak.
- FIG. 19 shows an example of the input waveform of the third drive signal applied to the LRA 140. More precisely, the waveform shown in FIG. 19 shows the force applied to the LRA 140 by applying the drive signal G to the LRA 140.
- the waveform in FIG. 19 is an input cosine wave G1 in which the phase of the sine wave F having the frequency f1 is shifted by ⁇ / 2.
- the LRA 140 When the input cosine wave G1 is applied to the LRA 140, the LRA 140 starts to vibrate at the natural frequency f0 (that is, the resonance frequency) of the LRA 140.
- the LRA 140 is displaced according to a combined wave of the input cosine wave G1 having the frequency f1 and the vibration of the LRA 140 with the natural frequency f0.
- FIG. 20 shows a displacement response of the LRA when the input drive signal of FIG. 19 is applied to the LRA 140.
- the waveform indicated by the dotted line indicates the constituent vibration component y11 of the vibration displacement generated when the input cosine wave G1 is applied to the LRA 140
- the waveform indicated by the solid line indicates the free vibration component y12.
- the response displacement y13 when the cosine wave G1 is applied to the LRA 140 is a composite wave of y11 and y12.
- FIG. 20B is a diagram illustrating an example of the displacement of the composite wave y13 of the waveform y11 and the waveform y12. It can be seen that the synthesized wave y13 becomes 0 at the timing T1 when the input cosine wave G1 becomes 0.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the LRA displacement speed and displacement acceleration of the third method.
- 21A shows the waveform of the composite wave y13
- FIG. 21B shows the velocity waveform y13 ′ obtained by differentiating the displacement of the composite wave y13
- FIG. 21C shows the composite wave y13. It is a figure which shows the waveform y13 "of the acceleration obtained by differentiating 2 displacements twice.
- the velocity waveform y13 ′ and the acceleration waveform y13 ′′ become 0 at the timing T1 when the synthesized wave y13 becomes 0. That is, the vibration of the LRA 140 stops at the timing T1.
- the acceleration waveform y13 ′′ stops in three cycles within 0.01 sec. Therefore, in the third method, the vibration acceleration becomes 0.02 G or less within 0.01 sec, and the metal dome type button 2 is clicked. It is possible to express a tactile feeling like that.
- the excitation is stopped at the point where the amplitude of the input cosine wave G1 reaches a peak, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the end of the drive signal may be any point that can generate a steep peak expressing a click feeling in a waveform indicating acceleration of vibration of the touch panel 120, for example.
- the end of the drive signal may be other than 0, which is the center point of the amplitude, and the end of the drive signal is better as the point is closer to the amplitude peak.
- the LRA 140 is attached to the surface of the touch panel 120 on the casing side, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the LRA 140 may be disposed in the vicinity of the substrate 150 disposed in the housing 110.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of an electronic device in which an LRA is provided in a housing.
- the LRA 140 is disposed in the vicinity of the substrate 150 provided in the housing 110.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electronic device 300 that generates various vibration patterns using the drive signals described above.
- a short and sharp vibration can be generated on the touch panel.
- various vibration patterns can be generated by changing the timing for generating the basic waveform.
- the electronic device 300 includes a CPU 210, a memory 320, a driver IC 260, an LRA 140, a display 301, a touch sensor 302, an input / output unit 303, a signal processing unit 304, and a communication unit 305.
- the control unit 210 and the driver IC 260 constitute a drive control unit 270 that drives and controls the LRA 140.
- the display 301 such as a liquid crystal
- the input unit 303 such as a touch pad
- the touch sensor 302 constitute the touch panel 120 (see FIG. 3) of the electronic device 300.
- the CPU 210 includes a vibration pattern link unit 215 and an analysis unit 216.
- the vibration pattern link unit 215 associates the function of the electronic device 300 with a vibration pattern using a drive signal for the LRA 140 and generates link information.
- the analysis unit 216 analyzes, for example, whether a mark or word indicating a specific content or subject is included in the e-mail, or whether a specific character or pictograph is used in the body of the e-mail.
- the memory 320 includes a drive control program storage area 230, a waveform data storage area 240, an API 250, a vibration pattern storage area 321, and a link information storage area 322.
- link information storage area link information generated by the vibration pattern link unit 215 is stored.
- the vibration pattern storage area 321 stores various vibration patterns with different generation timings of drive waveforms (or LRA vibration waveforms) applied to the LRA 140.
- the CPU 210 refers to the link information in the link information storage area 322, reads the corresponding vibration pattern, and generates a drive signal for the LRA 140 at a generation timing determined by the vibration pattern.
- the driver IC 260 is instructed to do so.
- the driver IC 260 applies a drive signal to the LRA 140 at a specified generation timing.
- the drive signal applied here may be any of the first to third drive signals described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 24 shows an example of link information.
- the link information in FIG. 24 links an application of the electronic device 300 such as a Web browser, e-mail, camera, calculator, and the vibration pattern.
- a basic drive waveform or a vibration waveform generated by application of the drive waveform is a single waveform.
- the waveform of the drive signal applied to the LRA 140 may be a basic waveform, or the acceleration waveform generated on the touch panel by the application of the drive signal may be a basic waveform.
- the vibration pattern (pattern 1) generated in a single shot the vibration pattern (pattern 2) generated in succession (pattern 2), and the second one after generating the timing for one waveform after generating one waveform.
- a vibration pattern (pattern 3) for generating a waveform of 1 is generated, and a vibration pattern (pattern 4) for generating a second waveform after the timing of two waveforms after generating one waveform is linked to each application. .
- the vibration pattern 1 is linked to the function of the Web browser and the vibration pattern 1, and the vibration pattern 2 is linked to the camera function.
- the vibration pattern 3 is linked to the electronic mail function, and the vibration pattern 4 is linked to the calculator function.
- Such link information may be set in the electronic device 300 by default, or may be set and stored by a user input operation.
- FIG. 25 is an example in which the importance level of email (important email, emergency email, etc.), the subject of email (joyful email, pretty email, etc.) and the vibration pattern are linked.
- a waveform similar to that shown in FIG. 24 is used as one basic vibration waveform.
- a nice mail is linked to a vibration pattern (pattern 5) that generates a third waveform after generating two waveforms and then timings one waveform.
- FIG. 26 is an example in which pictograms and emoticons used for e-mail are linked to vibration patterns.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of saving link information.
- the link information may be stored in the link information storage area 322 of the memory 320 of the electronic device 300 in the format of link information tables 331, 332, and 333.
- the vibration pattern stored in the memory 320 may be represented by basic waveform information specified by frequency, amplitude, phase, and period, and generation timing information represented by ON / OFF, for example.
- FIG. 28 shows an example in which link information is set or changed by a user input operation.
- the user calls a setting change screen on the display screen of the electronic device 300 and selects “vibration pattern setting” or “vibration pattern change”.
- items such as “application”, “when opening an email”, “email text” are displayed as setting / change target items in FIG.
- the vibration pattern stored in the vibration pattern storage area 321 (see FIG. 23) is read and displayed in FIG.
- the vibration pattern displayed here is preferably a picture that allows the user to visually recognize the vibration pattern as shown in FIGS.
- link information that associates the selected function item with the vibration pattern is generated.
- an inquiry screen (not shown) for necessity of saving is displayed on the next screen, and when the user selects saving, link information is stored in the vibration pattern storage area 321.
- FIG. 29 shows a usage example when the function of the electronic device (for example, smartphone) 300 is linked to the vibration waveform.
- an application selection screen is displayed on the smartphone 300.
- the color of the icon changes as shown in FIG. 29 (B), and vibration occurs in the set waveform as shown in FIG. 29 (C). Or the touch panel vibrates.
- a short and sharp vibration such as a click occurs twice at intervals of one waveform.
- the e-mail application is activated thereafter.
- vibration patterns are set according to the type of application, the user can visually confirm that the intended application has been selected.
- one vibration stops sharply within 0.02 seconds, more preferably within 0.01 seconds, so that the user's finger clearly vibrates. The pattern can be recognized.
- FIG. 30 shows an example of use when the contents (importance and subject) of the received mail are linked with the vibration pattern.
- a received mail list screen is displayed on the smartphone 300.
- Mr. C the vibration mark [ ⁇ ] is added to the third mail from the top, Mr. C.
- This is called "vibration mail", for example.
- Mr. C's mail which is a vibrator mail
- the color of the third mail changes as shown in FIG. 30 (B)
- the smartphone uses the set vibration pattern as shown in FIG. 30 (C).
- 300 or the touch panel vibrates.
- a third vibration is generated at one waveform interval.
- the selected mail is then opened.
- the vibrator mark [ ⁇ ] indicates that the sender C has attached the vibrator mail function to the email.
- Different types of vibration marks may be used to indicate “important mail”, “emergency mail”, and the like, and different vibration patterns may be linked to each.
- the analysis unit 216 may be activated by detecting a vibe mark to extract words such as “joyful”, “important”, and “emergency”, and read a vibration pattern linked in advance based on link information.
- the sender can obtain the vibration according to the content that attached the vibrator mail function to the e-mail. Can communicate the contents of e-mail.
- FIG. 31 shows an example of use when an emoticon or emoticon used in an e-mail is linked to a vibration pattern.
- FIG. 31A shows an e-mail text screen of the smartphone 300.
- the emoticon “( ⁇ _ ⁇ )” is described in the text.
- emoticons are displayed in italics. This indicates that a vibration pattern is linked to the emoticon.
- the emoticon part is selected with a finger, the color of the emoticon part is changed as shown in FIG. 31B, and the smartphone 300 or the touch panel vibrates with the set vibration pattern as shown in FIG. 31C. Since vibration waveforms corresponding to emoticons and pictograms are set, it is possible to present an expression by a method other than visual sense of touch.
- Link information can be shared within a specific group or family by infrared short-range communication or the like.
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Abstract
An electronic device having a touch panel and comprising: an actuator that vibrates the touch panel; a memory that stores link information associating functions of the electronic device and a plurality of vibration patterns having different timing for the generation of a drive signal applied to the actuator; and a drive control unit that, when any function of the electronic device is selected, browses the link information and applies the drive signal to the actuator, using the corresponding vibration pattern. The drive signal is any among: a first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 × m/n (m and n being natural numbers and m ≠ n) m times, when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0; a second drive signal being a sine wave of the resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and which terminates at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave; and a third drive signal being a vibration repeating m times a waveform having a phase deviated by π/2 from the sine wave of f0 × m/n (m and n being natural numbers and m ≠ n), when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0, and terminating at a point other than the center of the amplitude of said vibration.
Description
本発明は、電子機器と振動提供方法に関する。
The present invention relates to an electronic device and a vibration providing method.
従来から、フラットなタッチパネルを入力手段とする携帯機器がある。たとえば、スマートフォンやタブレット型パーソナルコンピュータ、携帯電話等は、タッチパネルによるインタフェースを備える。これらの電子機器は、タッチパネルに対する接触を入力操作として受け付けるが、タッチパネルに触れた際にキークリックのような触感は得られない。
Conventionally, there are portable devices that use a flat touch panel as an input means. For example, smartphones, tablet personal computers, mobile phones, and the like include an interface using a touch panel. These electronic devices accept a touch on the touch panel as an input operation, but do not provide a tactile sensation such as a key click when the touch panel is touched.
他方、LRA(Linear Resonant Actuator)による振動を利用して、複数の振動触覚ハプティック効果を生じさせ、操作に応じた触覚を提供する方法が提案されている(たとえば、特許文献1参照)。この方法は、LRAを共振周波数で励振後、逆位相で加振することによって振動を抑制している。
On the other hand, a method has been proposed in which a plurality of vibrotactile haptic effects are generated using vibration by LRA (Linear Resonant Actuator) to provide a tactile sensation according to an operation (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this method, vibration is suppressed by exciting the LRA at a resonance frequency and then oscillating it in an opposite phase.
しかし、LRAを用いた振動では、メカニカルなクリック動作と比べて駆動周波数が低く、振動加速度も小さい。また、LRAを用いた振動では、入力を停止してもただちに振動が停止せず、公知の方法を用いても抑制効果が小さく、シャープな触感を出すことが難しい。
However, vibration using LRA has a lower drive frequency and vibration acceleration than mechanical click operations. In addition, in the vibration using the LRA, even if the input is stopped, the vibration does not stop immediately, and even if a known method is used, the suppression effect is small and it is difficult to obtain a sharp tactile sensation.
従来の手法で発生させた振動を、電子機器の機能や操作とリンクさせて用いる場合、振動自体の鋭さが不十分なため、振動の発生タイミングを変えて多様なパターンを作り出すことは困難である。単純に従来の振動を連続して発生させても、ユーザにとって満足のできる触感を得ることはできない。
When using vibrations generated by conventional methods linked to the functions and operations of electronic devices, it is difficult to create various patterns by changing the timing of vibration generation because the vibration itself is not sharp enough. . Even if the conventional vibration is simply generated continuously, a satisfactory tactile sensation for the user cannot be obtained.
そこで、アプリケーションの種類、電子メールの重要度や主題、使用される文字、着信、着呼、発信、発呼など、電子機器が有する機能に対応して、多様な触感を提供することのできる電子機器と振動提供方法の実現を課題とする。
Therefore, an electronic device that can provide various tactile sensations corresponding to the functions of electronic devices such as application types, importance and subject matter of e-mail, characters used, incoming calls, incoming calls, outgoing calls, outgoing calls, etc. The realization of a device and a vibration providing method is an issue.
ひとつの態様では、タッチパネルを有する電子機器は、
前記タッチパネルを振動させるアクチュエータと、
前記電子機器が有する機能と、前記アクチュエータに印加される駆動信号の発生タイミングを異ならせた複数の振動パターンとを対応付けたリンク情報を格納するメモリと、
前記電子機器の任意の機能が選択されたときに、前記リンク情報を参照して、対応する振動パターンで前記アクチュエータに前記駆動信号を印加する駆動制御部と、
を備え、前記駆動信号は、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)をm回繰り返す第1の駆動信号、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数f0の正弦波であり、かつ前記正弦波の振幅の中心以外の点で終端する第2の駆動信号、及び
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)から位相がπ/2ずれた波形をm回繰り返す振動であって、かつ前記振動の振幅の中心点以外の点で終端する第3の駆動信号、
のいずれかであることを特徴とする。 In one embodiment, an electronic device having a touch panel is
An actuator for vibrating the touch panel;
A memory that stores link information that associates a function of the electronic device with a plurality of vibration patterns that have different generation timings of drive signals applied to the actuator;
A drive control unit that applies the drive signal to the actuator in a corresponding vibration pattern with reference to the link information when an arbitrary function of the electronic device is selected;
The drive signal comprises:
A first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 × m / n (m, n is a natural number and m ≠ n) m times when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0;
A second drive signal that is a sine wave of the resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and terminates at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave, and f0 × m / n when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0 A third drive that repeats m times a waveform whose phase is shifted by π / 2 from a sine wave (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n) and terminates at a point other than the center point of the amplitude of the vibration. signal,
It is either of these.
前記タッチパネルを振動させるアクチュエータと、
前記電子機器が有する機能と、前記アクチュエータに印加される駆動信号の発生タイミングを異ならせた複数の振動パターンとを対応付けたリンク情報を格納するメモリと、
前記電子機器の任意の機能が選択されたときに、前記リンク情報を参照して、対応する振動パターンで前記アクチュエータに前記駆動信号を印加する駆動制御部と、
を備え、前記駆動信号は、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)をm回繰り返す第1の駆動信号、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数f0の正弦波であり、かつ前記正弦波の振幅の中心以外の点で終端する第2の駆動信号、及び
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)から位相がπ/2ずれた波形をm回繰り返す振動であって、かつ前記振動の振幅の中心点以外の点で終端する第3の駆動信号、
のいずれかであることを特徴とする。 In one embodiment, an electronic device having a touch panel is
An actuator for vibrating the touch panel;
A memory that stores link information that associates a function of the electronic device with a plurality of vibration patterns that have different generation timings of drive signals applied to the actuator;
A drive control unit that applies the drive signal to the actuator in a corresponding vibration pattern with reference to the link information when an arbitrary function of the electronic device is selected;
The drive signal comprises:
A first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 × m / n (m, n is a natural number and m ≠ n) m times when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0;
A second drive signal that is a sine wave of the resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and terminates at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave, and f0 × m / n when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0 A third drive that repeats m times a waveform whose phase is shifted by π / 2 from a sine wave (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n) and terminates at a point other than the center point of the amplitude of the vibration. signal,
It is either of these.
電子機器で実現される機能に対応して、多様な触感を提供することができる。
∙ Various tactile sensations can be provided corresponding to the functions realized by electronic devices.
以下で図面を参照し実施形態を説明する。実施形態では、特定の振動波形の信号の発生タイミングを異ならせて種々の振動パターンを生成し、振動パターンと電子機器が備える機能とをリンク付けることによって、電子機器のタッチパネルを介して触感による情報伝達を実現する。
Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment, various vibration patterns are generated by changing the generation timing of a signal of a specific vibration waveform, and information by tactile sensation is provided via the touch panel of the electronic device by linking the vibration pattern and the function of the electronic device. Realize communication.
図1~図22は、実施形態で用いる振動波形の生成を説明する図である。図1は、人間の指でメタルドームのキースイッチ2を押下したときに生じる振動加速度の波形11(グラフA)と、リニア共振アクチュエータ(LRA:Linear Resonant Actuator)が取り付けられたタッチパネル3をタッチしたときに生じる振動加速度の波形(グラフB)を示す。振動加速度は、指に取り付けられた加速度計1で測定されたものである。
1 to 22 are diagrams for explaining generation of vibration waveforms used in the embodiment. In FIG. 1, the touch panel 3 on which a vibration acceleration waveform 11 (graph A) generated when a metal dome key switch 2 is pressed with a human finger and a linear resonant actuator (LRA: Linear Resonant Actuator) is attached is touched. The waveform (graph B) of the vibration acceleration which arises sometimes is shown. The vibration acceleration is measured by the accelerometer 1 attached to the finger.
キースイッチ2をクリックしたときの振動(波形11)は、1~数周期で急速に減衰する。これに対してタッチパネル3をタッチしたときの振動(波形12)は、駆動信号の入力を停止した後もLRAの固有振動数による自由振動が減衰するまで続く。この加速停止後の振動を「残留振動」と称する。LRAでシャープな触感を出す第1の方法として、残留振動を抑制する。
The vibration (waveform 11) when the key switch 2 is clicked is rapidly attenuated in one to several cycles. On the other hand, the vibration (waveform 12) when the touch panel 3 is touched continues after the input of the drive signal is stopped until the free vibration due to the natural frequency of the LRA is attenuated. The vibration after the acceleration stop is referred to as “residual vibration”. Residual vibration is suppressed as a first method for producing a sharp tactile sensation with LRA.
図2に示すように、振動周波数が200Hzの場合、人間の指は振動の加速度が0.02G以下になると振動を感知できなくなる。振動周波数とは、1秒間の振動数である。振動の加速度とは、単位時間当たりの振動の速度変化量を示すものである。人間の主な機械刺激の受容器には、メルケル細胞(変位)、マイスナー小体(速度)、パチニ小体(加速度)の3種類があり、変位受容器は100μm以上、速度受容器は30μm以上、加速度受容器は0.1~1μm以上の振幅で刺激されると言われている。これに対し、現状の振動デバイスの振幅は数μmのオーダーであるため、人間が感じるのは加速度だけである。この意味で、振動デバイスが提供するのは加速度の刺激である。
As shown in FIG. 2, when the vibration frequency is 200 Hz, the human finger cannot sense vibration when the vibration acceleration is 0.02 G or less. The vibration frequency is the number of vibrations per second. The acceleration of vibration indicates the speed change amount of vibration per unit time. There are three main types of receptors for mechanical stimulation in humans: Merkel cells (displacement), Meissner bodies (velocity), and pachini bodies (acceleration). Displacement receptors are 100 μm or more, and velocity receptors are 30 μm or more. It is said that the acceleration receptor is stimulated with an amplitude of 0.1 to 1 μm or more. On the other hand, since the amplitude of the current vibration device is on the order of several μm, humans only feel acceleration. In this sense, the vibration device provides acceleration stimulation.
図1(A)の波形11では、0.01秒以内に振動の加速度が0.02G以下になり、指は一瞬のシャープな振動を感知する。これに対して波形12では、振動の加速度が0.02G以下になるまで0.1秒かかり、指は0.1秒経過するまで振動を感知し続ける。波形11で示される振動と、波形12で示される振動とでは、人間が感知する触感として異質なものとなる。
In the waveform 11 of FIG. 1 (A), the acceleration of vibration becomes 0.02 G or less within 0.01 seconds, and the finger senses a sharp vibration for a moment. On the other hand, in waveform 12, it takes 0.1 second until the acceleration of vibration becomes 0.02 G or less, and the finger continues to sense vibration until 0.1 second elapses. The vibration indicated by the waveform 11 and the vibration indicated by the waveform 12 are different as tactile sensations that humans sense.
実施形態では、LRAを駆動して得られる振動波形を、波形11のような鋭い波形とすることで、振動波形の発生タイミングを変化させて多様な触感を提供する。特に、LRAで発生する振動波形を例えば0.01秒以内に収束させることによって鋭い触感を提供する。また、タッチパネルで生じる振動の振幅ピークを増幅して例えば0.02秒以内に収束させることによって鋭い触感を提供する。さらに、これら2つの手法を組み合わせて鋭い触感を提供する。
In the embodiment, the vibration waveform obtained by driving the LRA is a sharp waveform such as the waveform 11, thereby providing various tactile sensations by changing the generation timing of the vibration waveform. In particular, a sharp tactile sensation is provided by converging the vibration waveform generated in the LRA within, for example, 0.01 seconds. Further, a sharp tactile sensation is provided by amplifying the amplitude peak of vibration generated on the touch panel and converging it within, for example, 0.02 seconds. Furthermore, combining these two methods provides a sharp tactile sensation.
図3は、実施形態が適用される電子機器の一例を示す。電子機器100は、たとえばスマートフォン、タブレット型コンピュータ、携帯情報端末、ATM(Automatic Teller Machine)など、タッチパネルを入力インタフェースとして有する任意の装置である。
FIG. 3 shows an example of an electronic device to which the embodiment is applied. The electronic device 100 is an arbitrary device having a touch panel as an input interface, such as a smartphone, a tablet computer, a portable information terminal, or an ATM (Automatic Teller Machine).
電子機器100は、筐体110、タッチパネル120、両面テープ130、LRA140、基板150を有する。タッチパネル120は、両面テープ130により筐体110に固定されている。図3の例では、LRA140は、タッチパネル120の裏面に取り付けられている。LRA140は、予め設計された共振周波数を持つ振動系とアクチュエータとが組み合わされた振動デバイスであり、印加される駆動信号に応じて振動量が変化する。
The electronic device 100 includes a housing 110, a touch panel 120, a double-sided tape 130, an LRA 140, and a substrate 150. The touch panel 120 is fixed to the housing 110 with a double-sided tape 130. In the example of FIG. 3, the LRA 140 is attached to the back surface of the touch panel 120. The LRA 140 is a vibration device in which a vibration system having a resonance frequency designed in advance and an actuator are combined, and the amount of vibration changes according to an applied drive signal.
基板150は、筐体110内部に配置されている。基板150には、LRA140の駆動を制御するCPU、LRA140に駆動信号を出力するドライバIC(Integrated Circuit)、メモリ等が実装されている。後述するように、LRA140、CPU、ドライバICなどで、駆動装置を構成する。タッチパネル120にユーザの指が触れると、この接触が感知され、LRA140が駆動される。LRA140の振動はタッチパネル120に伝播する。
The substrate 150 is disposed inside the housing 110. The board 150 is mounted with a CPU that controls driving of the LRA 140, a driver IC (Integrated Circuit) that outputs a driving signal to the LRA 140, a memory, and the like. As will be described later, an LRA 140, a CPU, a driver IC, and the like constitute a driving device. When the user's finger touches the touch panel 120, this contact is detected and the LRA 140 is driven. The vibration of the LRA 140 propagates to the touch panel 120.
尚本実施例ではLRA140を振動デバイスとしたが、共振器と加振用のアクチュエータを備えた構造であればLRAに限らない。
In this embodiment, the LRA 140 is a vibration device. However, the LRA 140 is not limited to the LRA as long as it has a resonator and an actuator for excitation.
図4は、LRA140の概略構成図である。図4(A)はボイスコイルモータを用いたLRA30、図4(B)は圧電素子43を用いたLRA40を示す。図4(A)のLRA30は、ばね31、磁石32、コイル33を有する。ばね31のばね定数をkとし、磁石32の質量をmとすると、LRA30の固有振動数f0は式(1)で表わされる。
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the LRA 140. 4A shows an LRA 30 using a voice coil motor, and FIG. 4B shows an LRA 40 using a piezoelectric element 43. The LRA 30 in FIG. 4A includes a spring 31, a magnet 32, and a coil 33. Assuming that the spring constant of the spring 31 is k and the mass of the magnet 32 is m, the natural frequency f0 of the LRA 30 is expressed by equation (1).
図5は、電子機器100の駆動装置の概略構成図である。駆動装置200は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)210と、メモリ220を有する。CPU210は、メモリ220に格納された駆動制御プログラム230を読み出して実行することで、後述するLRA140の駆動を制御する。メモリ220には、駆動制御プログラム230が格納される記憶領域と、波形データ240が格納される記憶領域と、API(Application Programming Interface)250が格納される記憶領域とが設けられている。
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the drive device of the electronic device 100. The driving device 200 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 210 and a memory 220. The CPU 210 reads and executes the drive control program 230 stored in the memory 220, thereby controlling the drive of the LRA 140 described later. The memory 220 includes a storage area in which the drive control program 230 is stored, a storage area in which the waveform data 240 is stored, and a storage area in which an API (Application Programming Interface) 250 is stored.
駆動制御プログラム230は、CPU210にLRA140の駆動制御を実行させる。波形データ240は、LRA140を駆動する入力駆動波形を表わすデータである。波形データ240はあらかじめ生成され、格納されている。実施形態の特徴として、タッチパネルに鋭い触感を与えることができるように、後述する第1~第3の入力駆動波形の少なくともひとつが格納されている。API250は、駆動制御プログラム230により起動され、触感を提供するための各種処理を行う。図5ではAPI250はメモリ220に格納されるものとしたが、基板150に実装された他のメモリに格納されていてもよい。
The drive control program 230 causes the CPU 210 to execute drive control of the LRA 140. The waveform data 240 is data representing an input drive waveform for driving the LRA 140. The waveform data 240 is generated and stored in advance. As a feature of the embodiment, at least one of first to third input drive waveforms described later is stored so that a sharp touch can be given to the touch panel. The API 250 is activated by the drive control program 230 and performs various processes for providing a tactile sensation. Although the API 250 is stored in the memory 220 in FIG. 5, the API 250 may be stored in another memory mounted on the board 150.
図6は、図5の駆動装置200によるLRA140の駆動動作を示すフローチャートである。駆動装置200は、タッチパネル120に対するタッチイベントを検出すると(ステップS601)、API250を起動させる(ステップS602)。API250は、メモリ220に格納された波形データ240を読み出し、波形データ240に対応した駆動指令をドライバIC260へ出力する(ステップS603)。ドライバIC260は、駆動指令を受けて波形データ240をD/A(Digital to Analog)変換し(ステップS604)、アンプ等により増幅する(ステップS605)。ドライバIC260は、増幅した信号をLRA140に対して出力する(ステップS606)。
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the driving operation of the LRA 140 by the driving device 200 of FIG. When detecting a touch event on the touch panel 120 (step S601), the driving device 200 activates the API 250 (step S602). The API 250 reads the waveform data 240 stored in the memory 220, and outputs a drive command corresponding to the waveform data 240 to the driver IC 260 (step S603). In response to the drive command, the driver IC 260 performs D / A (Digital-to-Analog) conversion on the waveform data 240 (step S604), and amplifies it with an amplifier or the like (step S605). The driver IC 260 outputs the amplified signal to the LRA 140 (step S606).
以下で、波形データ240として用いられる第1~第3の入力駆動波形について説明する。図8は、図7のLRA140に印加される第1の入力駆動波形(駆動信号)の例を示す。第1の入力駆動波形は、駆動信号の印加停止後も続くLRA140の固有振動数による自由振動、すなわち残留振動を急峻に抑止することのできる駆動波形である。
Hereinafter, the first to third input drive waveforms used as the waveform data 240 will be described. FIG. 8 shows an example of a first input drive waveform (drive signal) applied to the LRA 140 of FIG. The first input drive waveform is a drive waveform that can sharply suppress free vibration due to the natural frequency of the LRA 140, that is, residual vibration, that continues even after application of the drive signal is stopped.
第1の入力駆動波形は、LRA140の固有振動数(すなわち共振周波数)をf0としたときに、f1=(m/n)×f0(m,nは自然数かつm≠n)となる周波数f1の信号でLRA140をm回振動させる信号である。
The first input drive waveform has a frequency f1 at which f1 = (m / n) × f0 (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n) when the natural frequency (ie, resonance frequency) of the LRA 140 is f0. This signal is a signal that causes the LRA 140 to vibrate m times.
LRA140の固有振動数f0を175Hzとし、m=2,n=1としたとき、駆動信号の周波数f1=(2/1)×175=350Hzとなる。周波数f1に基づく入力正弦波Fは図8に示す波形であり、
F=0.01sin2πf1t
で表わされる。 When the natural frequency f0 of theLRA 140 is 175 Hz and m = 2 and n = 1, the frequency f1 of the drive signal is (2/1) × 175 = 350 Hz. The input sine wave F based on the frequency f1 is the waveform shown in FIG.
F = 0.01sin2πf1t
It is represented by
F=0.01sin2πf1t
で表わされる。 When the natural frequency f0 of the
F = 0.01sin2πf1t
It is represented by
入力正弦波FがLRA140に印加されると、LRA140にはLRA140の固有振動数(共振周波数)f0の振動が生じる。すなわち、LRA140には、周波数f1の入力正弦波Fと、LRA140の固有振動f0との合成波が生じ、LRA140はこの合成波に応じて変位する。
When the input sine wave F is applied to the LRA 140, the LRA 140 generates a vibration having a natural frequency (resonance frequency) f0 of the LRA 140. That is, a combined wave of the input sine wave F having the frequency f1 and the natural vibration f0 of the LRA 140 is generated in the LRA 140, and the LRA 140 is displaced according to the combined wave.
図9は、LRA140に第1の駆動信号としての入力正弦波Fが印加されたときのLRA140の応答波形である。図9(A)で、点線で示される波形は、LRA140に入力正弦波Fが印加されたときに生じる振動変位の強制振動成分y1を示し、実線で示される波形は、自由振動成分y2を示す。駆動信号FがLRA140に印加された時の応答変位y3は、図9(B)に示すようにy1とy2の合成波となる。入力正弦波Fがm回(2回)振動してゼロとなるタイミングTで、合成変位y3も0となる。変位y3が0となるタイミングTにおいて、LRA140の変位の速度も0になり、LRA140の振動は停止する。
FIG. 9 is a response waveform of the LRA 140 when the input sine wave F as the first drive signal is applied to the LRA 140. In FIG. 9A, the waveform indicated by the dotted line indicates the forced vibration component y1 of the vibration displacement generated when the input sine wave F is applied to the LRA 140, and the waveform indicated by the solid line indicates the free vibration component y2. . The response displacement y3 when the drive signal F is applied to the LRA 140 is a composite wave of y1 and y2 as shown in FIG. 9B. At the timing T when the input sine wave F vibrates m times (twice) and becomes zero, the composite displacement y3 also becomes zero. At the timing T when the displacement y3 becomes 0, the displacement speed of the LRA 140 also becomes 0, and the vibration of the LRA 140 stops.
図10は、LRA140の変位、速度及び加速度の例を示す図である。図10(A)は合成波y3の波形を示す図であり、図10(B)は合成波y3の変位を微分して得られる速度の波形y3′を示す図であり、図10(C)は合成波y3の変位を2回微分して得られる加速度の波形y3″を示す図である。
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the displacement, speed, and acceleration of the LRA 140. 10A is a diagram showing the waveform of the composite wave y3, and FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the velocity waveform y3 ′ obtained by differentiating the displacement of the composite wave y3. FIG. These are figures which show the waveform y3 '' of the acceleration obtained by differentiating the displacement of the synthetic wave y3 twice.
図10からわかるように、速度の波形y3′と加速度の波形y3″とは、合成波y3が0となるタイミングで0となり、LRA140の振動はタイミングTで停止する。
As can be seen from FIG. 10, the velocity waveform y3 ′ and the acceleration waveform y3 ″ become zero when the synthesized wave y3 becomes zero, and the vibration of the LRA 140 stops at timing T.
このときの加速度の波形y3″は、0.01秒以内に2周期で0.02G以下となる。この加速度応答は、メタルドームのキーボタン2を押下したときの応答(図1(A))と非常に近く、クリック感を再現することができる。
The acceleration waveform y3 ″ at this time becomes 0.02 G or less in two cycles within 0.01 seconds. This acceleration response is a response when the key button 2 of the metal dome is pressed (FIG. 1A). It is very close and can reproduce the click feeling.
図11~図14は、第1の方法の効果を説明するための図である。図11(A)は、LRA140に印加される固有振動数の駆動信号の波形を示す。図11(B)は、固有振動数の駆動信号が印加されたときの加速度応答シミュレーションを示す。図11(C)は、実際の電子機器での加速度測定結果を示す図である。
FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 are diagrams for explaining the effect of the first method. FIG. 11A shows a waveform of a drive signal having a natural frequency applied to the LRA 140. FIG. 11B shows an acceleration response simulation when a drive signal having a natural frequency is applied. FIG. 11C is a diagram illustrating an acceleration measurement result in an actual electronic device.
図11(B)及び図11(C)からわかるように、固有振動数f0の正弦波を駆動信号として印加した場合、残留振動が0.1秒以上にわたって現れる。なお、図11では、LRA140の固有振動数f0を175Hz、おもりの重さを1.5g、おもりを支持するばね定数を1813.5N/mと設定し、実際の電子機器としてスマートフォンで測定した。
As can be seen from FIGS. 11B and 11C, when a sine wave having a natural frequency f0 is applied as a drive signal, residual vibration appears for 0.1 second or more. In FIG. 11, the natural frequency f0 of LRA140 was set to 175 Hz, the weight of the weight was set to 1.5 g, and the spring constant supporting the weight was set to 1813.5 N / m, and the measurement was performed with a smartphone as an actual electronic device.
図12は、LRA140に固有振動数の駆動信号を印加し、残留振動と逆位相の信号波形を印加する従来の方法を示す。図12(A)は固有振動数f0=175Hzの駆動信号を示す。図12(B)は、LRA140を搭載した実機において、図12(A)の正弦波を駆動信号とし、かつ、駆動信号の供給停止後にLRA140に発生する振動の逆位相の電圧を印加したときの実際の電子機器での応答加速度の測定結果である。図12の場合、図11に比べて残留振動は小さくなるが、加速度が人間の感知下限の0.02G以下になるまでに0.05秒以上かかる。
FIG. 12 shows a conventional method in which a drive signal having a natural frequency is applied to the LRA 140 and a signal waveform having a phase opposite to that of the residual vibration is applied. FIG. 12A shows a drive signal having a natural frequency f0 = 175 Hz. FIG. 12B shows a case where the sine wave of FIG. 12A is used as a drive signal and a voltage having a phase opposite to the vibration generated in the LRA 140 is applied after the supply of the drive signal is stopped in an actual machine equipped with the LRA 140. It is a measurement result of response acceleration in an actual electronic device. In the case of FIG. 12, the residual vibration is smaller than that in FIG. 11, but it takes 0.05 seconds or more for the acceleration to become 0.02 G or less, which is the human detection lower limit.
図13は、実施形態の条件を満たさない信号を駆動信号としたときのLRAの加速度応答を示す図である。図13(A)は、特定の条件を満たさない周波数300Hzの正弦波を示す。図13(B)は、図13(A)の正弦波を駆動信号としてシミュレーションした際の加速度応答を示す。図13(C)は、固有振動数f0=175HzのLRA140を搭載した実際の電子機器において図13(A)の正弦波を駆動信号したときの加速度測定結果を示す。
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an acceleration response of the LRA when a signal that does not satisfy the conditions of the embodiment is used as a drive signal. FIG. 13A shows a sine wave having a frequency of 300 Hz that does not satisfy a specific condition. FIG. 13B shows an acceleration response when a simulation is performed using the sine wave of FIG. 13A as a drive signal. FIG. 13C shows an acceleration measurement result when the sine wave of FIG. 13A is driven as a drive signal in an actual electronic device equipped with the LRA 140 having the natural frequency f0 = 175 Hz.
図13(B)、図13(C)からわかるように、特定の条件を満たさない周波数の正弦波を駆動信号とした場合、残留振動が0.04秒以上にわたって現れる。
As can be seen from FIGS. 13B and 13C, when a sine wave having a frequency that does not satisfy a specific condition is used as a drive signal, residual vibration appears for 0.04 seconds or more.
図14は、実施例の条件を満たす信号を駆動信号としたときのLRA140の応答特性を示す。図14(A)は、上述した条件を満たす(m=2、n=1の場合)周波数350Hzの正弦波を示す。図14(B)は、図14(A)の正弦波を駆動信号として印加したときの応答シミュレーションを示す。図14(C)は、固有振動数f0=175HzのLRA140を搭載した実際の電子機器において、図14(A)の正弦波を駆動信号したときの加速度の測定結果を示す。
FIG. 14 shows the response characteristics of the LRA 140 when a signal that satisfies the conditions of the embodiment is used as a drive signal. FIG. 14A shows a sine wave having a frequency of 350 Hz that satisfies the above-described conditions (when m = 2 and n = 1). FIG. 14B shows a response simulation when the sine wave of FIG. 14A is applied as a drive signal. FIG. 14C shows an acceleration measurement result when the sine wave of FIG. 14A is driven in an actual electronic device equipped with the LRA 140 having the natural frequency f0 = 175 Hz.
図14(B)、図14(C)からわかるように、0.02秒以降は残留振動の加速度が感知下限の0.02G以下となり、振動の波形は短時間の波形となる。
As can be seen from FIGS. 14B and 14C, after 0.02 seconds, the acceleration of the residual vibration is 0.02 G or less of the detection lower limit, and the vibration waveform is a short-time waveform.
以上から、LRA140による振動の波形は、LRA140の固有振動数をf0としたとき、f1=m/n×f0(m,nは自然数かつm≠n)となる周波数f1の信号でLRA140をm回加振する信号を駆動信号とすれば、振動の加速度の波形は1~数周期で急速に減衰する短時間の波形となり、残留振動をなくすことができる。
From the above, the waveform of the vibration by the LRA 140 is such that when the natural frequency of the LRA 140 is f0, the LRA 140 is m times with a signal of the frequency f1 where f1 = m / n × f0 (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n). If the signal to be excited is a drive signal, the vibration acceleration waveform becomes a short-time waveform that rapidly attenuates in one to several cycles, and residual vibration can be eliminated.
固有振動数f0は、LRA140を電子機器100に組み込んだ後のLRA140の固有振動数としてもよい。駆動周波数f1は、m/n×f0に対して誤差が1%以下となるように設定することが好ましい。このように周波数f1を設定すれば、駆動信号の印加を停止した後に残留振動が生じたとしても、振動の加速度は人の感知下限である0.02G以下となり人に感知されないため、クリック感を損ねることがない。
The natural frequency f0 may be the natural frequency of the LRA 140 after the LRA 140 is incorporated into the electronic device 100. The drive frequency f1 is preferably set so that the error is 1% or less with respect to m / n × f0. If the frequency f1 is set in this way, even if residual vibration occurs after the application of the drive signal is stopped, the acceleration of the vibration is 0.02G or less, which is the human detection lower limit, and is not perceived by humans. There is no loss.
次に、図15及び図16を参照して、LRAの振動のパターンを制御してクリック感を再現する第2の方法について説明する。
Next, with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, a second method for reproducing the click feeling by controlling the vibration pattern of the LRA will be described.
第2の方法では、筐体110に固定されたタッチパネル120自体も高周波で振動する振動体であることに着目する。第2の方法では、LRA140に、LRAの共振周波数f0で振動し、かつ振幅の中心(ゼロ)から離れた地点で終端する駆動信号(第2の駆動信号)を与える。ゼロから離れた点P1で加振を停止することにより、終端P1でタッチパネル自体が有する高周波振動が励起される。タッチパネルには、駆動信号のピークと高周波振動のピークが重畳されたピークが発生し、その直後1~数周期で急速に減衰する。これによりクリックのような鋭い触感が再現される。
Note that in the second method, the touch panel 120 itself fixed to the housing 110 is also a vibrating body that vibrates at a high frequency. In the second method, the LRA 140 is given a drive signal (second drive signal) that oscillates at the resonance frequency f0 of the LRA and ends at a point away from the center (zero) of the amplitude. By stopping the excitation at the point P1 away from zero, the high frequency vibration of the touch panel itself is excited at the terminal P1. On the touch panel, a peak in which a drive signal peak and a high-frequency vibration peak are superimposed is generated, and immediately after that, it rapidly attenuates in one to several cycles. This reproduces a sharp tactile sensation like a click.
図15は、タッチパネルの共振周波数による振動の励起を説明する図である。図15(A)は、LRA140に印加される駆動信号の正弦波形を示し、図15(B)はタッチパネルに生じる振動の加速度の波形を示す。図15の例では、LRA140の共振周波数を225Hzとし、タッチパネル120自体が有する共振周波数を1kHzとした。図15(A)の波形を有する駆動信号をLRA140に印加することで、LRA140による低周波振動に、タッチパネル120の高周波振動が重畳する。ここでいうタッチパネル120の共振周波数は、タッチパネル120の4辺が筐体110に固定された状態での共振周波数である。
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining excitation of vibration by the resonance frequency of the touch panel. FIG. 15A shows a sine waveform of a drive signal applied to the LRA 140, and FIG. 15B shows a waveform of acceleration of vibration generated on the touch panel. In the example of FIG. 15, the resonance frequency of the LRA 140 is 225 Hz, and the resonance frequency of the touch panel 120 itself is 1 kHz. By applying a drive signal having the waveform of FIG. 15A to the LRA 140, the high frequency vibration of the touch panel 120 is superimposed on the low frequency vibration by the LRA 140. The resonance frequency of the touch panel 120 here is a resonance frequency in a state where the four sides of the touch panel 120 are fixed to the housing 110.
タッチパネルの高周波振動を励起する箇所を駆動波形の終端P1としたのは、駆動中は共振系の振動はだんだんと増幅されていき、駆動波形の終端で振動量が最大となり、高周波振動の加速度ピークに最大の重畳効果が得られるからである。
The location where the high frequency vibration of the touch panel is excited is designated as the drive waveform end P1, because the vibration of the resonance system is gradually amplified during the drive, and the vibration amount is maximized at the end of the drive waveform. This is because the maximum superimposing effect is obtained.
LRA140に入力する駆動波形を225Hz正弦波とし、駆動波形の終端が振幅のピークとなるように、駆動時間を7/4周期とする。駆動波形が終わった直後に、電圧はピークからゼロへと急峻な変化を起こす。これにより、図15(B)に示すように、トップパネル面では、LRA駆動による低周波振動の加速度振幅のピーク位置にほぼ重なって、トップパネルの高次振動による高周波振動の加速度振幅のピークが発生する。
The drive waveform input to the LRA 140 is a 225 Hz sine wave, and the drive time is 7/4 cycles so that the end of the drive waveform has an amplitude peak. Immediately after the drive waveform ends, the voltage changes sharply from peak to zero. As a result, as shown in FIG. 15B, on the top panel surface, the acceleration amplitude peak of the high frequency vibration due to the higher order vibration of the top panel almost overlaps the peak position of the acceleration amplitude of the low frequency vibration due to the LRA drive. appear.
低周波信号と高周波振動のピークがほぼ重なった理由は、低周波振動が225Hzで高周波振動が1kHzだとすると、225Hzは共振周波数のため、駆動波形に対して加速度波形はπ/2位相差が生じており、終端となる駆動波形のピークは加速波形のゼロ点となる。したがって、低周波振動のピークは駆動波形終了後1/4周期でピークを迎えるはずである。これを時間に換算すると約1.11ms後となる。
The reason why the peak of the low frequency signal and the high frequency vibration almost overlap is that if the low frequency vibration is 225 Hz and the high frequency vibration is 1 kHz, the acceleration waveform has a π / 2 phase difference with respect to the drive waveform because the resonance frequency is 225 Hz. The peak of the drive waveform that is the end is the zero point of the acceleration waveform. Therefore, the peak of the low frequency vibration should reach a peak in a quarter cycle after the driving waveform is finished. When this is converted into time, it is about 1.11 ms later.
他方、タッチパネルの高周波振動は駆動波形の終了時に(終端P1で)ゼロから立ち上がり、3/4周期で低周波振動と同じ方向のピークを迎えるはずである。これを時間に換算すると0.75ms後となる。よって、駆動信号とタッチパネルの高周波振動のピークは、時間差0.36msで発生する。また、高周波振動のピークは、低周波振動のピークから強度が約87%の位置と重なる。
On the other hand, the high frequency vibration of the touch panel should rise from zero at the end of the drive waveform (at the end P1) and reach the peak in the same direction as the low frequency vibration in 3/4 period. When this is converted into time, it is after 0.75 ms. Therefore, the peak of the high frequency vibration of the drive signal and the touch panel occurs with a time difference of 0.36 ms. The peak of the high frequency vibration overlaps with the position where the intensity is about 87% from the peak of the low frequency vibration.
図16は比較例として、単純にLRAの振動時間を短くする駆動信号を印加したときの加速度波形を示す。タッチパネル120の振動は、LRA140の駆動時間を短くしても振動量を増幅させるための立ち上がりの時間と、増幅された振動の加速度が0.02G以下に減衰するまでの時間が必要となり、振動が数周期にわたって継続する。図16の例では、立ち上がりから減衰までに25msec程度の時間がかかり、振動が約4周期にわたって続いている。したがってクリック感のような鋭い触感を得られない。
FIG. 16 shows an acceleration waveform when a drive signal that simply shortens the vibration time of the LRA is applied as a comparative example. The vibration of the touch panel 120 requires a rise time for amplifying the vibration amount even when the driving time of the LRA 140 is shortened and a time until the acceleration of the amplified vibration is attenuated to 0.02 G or less. Continue for several cycles. In the example of FIG. 16, it takes about 25 msec from the rise to the decay, and the vibration continues for about 4 cycles. Therefore, a sharp touch such as a click feeling cannot be obtained.
これに対して図15(B)では、周波数1kHzの振動が急激に立ち上がっており、その振動も2周期程度で減滅する。鋭いピークから短時間で振動を停止することができる。
On the other hand, in FIG. 15B, the vibration with a frequency of 1 kHz suddenly rises, and the vibration is also reduced in about two cycles. Vibration can be stopped in a short time from a sharp peak.
図17は、図15の駆動信号の変形例を示す。図17の例では、駆動信号の終端、すなわち高周波振動を励起する地点をP1からずらす。図17(A)は、LRA140に印加される駆動信号の正弦波形を示し、図17(B)はタッチパネルに生じる振動の加速度波形を示す。
FIG. 17 shows a modification of the drive signal of FIG. In the example of FIG. 17, the end of the drive signal, that is, the point where high frequency vibration is excited is shifted from P1. FIG. 17A shows a sine waveform of a drive signal applied to the LRA 140, and FIG. 17B shows an acceleration waveform of vibration generated on the touch panel.
図17(A)において、駆動信号の終端P2を振幅のピークからずらしたため、駆動時間は7/4周期+0.36msecとなる。P2において、駆動波形のピークに対して87%強度からゼロへの急峻な変化を起こす。これにより図17(B)に示すように、駆動波形の終端の不連続変化量が小さくなるため、高周波の振幅ピークは図15に比べてわずかに小さくなるが、低周波信号と高周波信号のピークがぴたりと重なる。
In FIG. 17A, the drive time is 7/4 cycle + 0.36 msec because the end P2 of the drive signal is shifted from the peak of the amplitude. At P2, a steep change from 87% intensity to zero occurs with respect to the peak of the drive waveform. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17B, the discontinuous change amount at the end of the drive waveform is reduced, so that the high-frequency amplitude peak is slightly smaller than that in FIG. 15, but the peak of the low-frequency signal and the high-frequency signal. It overlaps with the gap.
図18は、LRA140に印加される第3の駆動信号を説明するための図である。第3の方法として、上述した第1の方法と第2の方法の双方の条件を満たす駆動信号を利用する。図18(A)は、第3の駆動信号の電圧波形、図18(B)は、第3の駆動信号の印加によってタッチパネルに生じる振動の加速度波形である。
FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a third drive signal applied to the LRA 140. As a third method, a drive signal that satisfies both the first method and the second method described above is used. FIG. 18A shows a voltage waveform of the third drive signal, and FIG. 18B shows an acceleration waveform of vibration generated on the touch panel by application of the third drive signal.
図18(A)の駆動信号Gは、周波数f1=(m/n)×f0(m,nは自然数かつm≠n)となる周波数f1の正弦波からπ/2位相をずらした信号をm回振動させる信号であり、かつ振幅の中心(ゼロ)以外の点で終端する信号である。図18の例では、m=3,n=2であり、振幅が最大値となる点P3を終端とする。
The drive signal G in FIG. 18A is a signal obtained by shifting the phase by π / 2 from the sine wave of the frequency f1 where the frequency f1 = (m / n) × f0 (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n). It is a signal that oscillates once and terminates at a point other than the center (zero) of the amplitude. In the example of FIG. 18, m = 3 and n = 2, and the point P3 where the amplitude is the maximum value is terminated.
駆動信号Gをm周期、かつ振幅のピークが終端となる信号とするために、駆動信号Gを正弦波波形から+π/2位相をずらした余弦波とした。この場合も、低周波の駆動信号のピークでタッチパネルに励起される高周波振動のピークが重畳する。この例でも、タッチパネル120の共振周波数(高周波振動)は、タッチパネル120の4辺が筐体110に固定された状態における共振周波数とした。なお、LRA140が筐体110内部に配置される場合には、タッチパネル120の共振周波数は、タッチパネル120が筐体110に組み込まれた状態での共振周波数となる。図18(A)の駆動信号Gの波形を表すデータは、メモリに格納されている。波形データは、駆動信号Gの周波数f1、振幅、位相、周期(mの値)等の情報であってもよいし、駆動信号Gの波形そのものであってもよい。
In order to make the drive signal G have a period of m and the peak of the amplitude ends, the drive signal G is a cosine wave whose phase is shifted by + π / 2 from the sine wave waveform. Also in this case, the peak of the high frequency vibration excited on the touch panel is superimposed on the peak of the low frequency drive signal. Also in this example, the resonance frequency (high-frequency vibration) of the touch panel 120 is the resonance frequency in a state where the four sides of the touch panel 120 are fixed to the housing 110. When the LRA 140 is disposed inside the housing 110, the resonance frequency of the touch panel 120 is the resonance frequency when the touch panel 120 is incorporated in the housing 110. Data representing the waveform of the drive signal G in FIG. 18A is stored in the memory. The waveform data may be information such as the frequency f1, amplitude, phase, and period (value of m) of the drive signal G, or the waveform of the drive signal G itself.
図18(B)に示すように、トップパネル面では、LRA駆動による低周波振動の加速度振幅のピーク位置にほぼ重なって、トップパネルの高次振動による高周波振動の加速度振幅のピークが発生する。低周波信号と高周波振動のピークがほぼ重なった理由は、低周波振動が337.5Hz(f1=225Hz×3/2)、高周波振動が1kHzだとすると、共振周波数より高いため、減衰を考慮しなければ、加速度波形は駆動波形に対してπ位相差が生じ、終端となる駆動波形のピークは、加速波形でもピークとなる。したがって、高周波は低周波のピークから立ち上がる。高周波振動が1kHzとすると、低周波のピークから0.25ms(1/4周期分)遅れて高周期のピークが発生するはずである。
As shown in FIG. 18B, on the top panel surface, the peak of the acceleration amplitude of the high-frequency vibration due to the high-order vibration of the top panel occurs almost overlapping with the peak position of the acceleration amplitude of the low-frequency vibration due to the LRA drive. The reason why the peak of the low frequency signal and the high frequency vibration almost overlapped is that if the low frequency vibration is 337.5 Hz (f1 = 225 Hz × 3/2) and the high frequency vibration is 1 kHz, the resonance frequency is higher than the resonance frequency. The acceleration waveform has a π phase difference with respect to the drive waveform, and the peak of the drive waveform that is the terminal is also the peak of the acceleration waveform. Therefore, the high frequency rises from the low frequency peak. If the high frequency vibration is 1 kHz, a high period peak should occur 0.25 ms (1/4 period) behind the low frequency peak.
図19は、LRA140に印加される第3の駆動信号の入力波形の一例を示す。より厳密には、図19に示す波形は、駆動信号GをLRA140に印加することにより、LRA140に加えられる力を示している。
FIG. 19 shows an example of the input waveform of the third drive signal applied to the LRA 140. More precisely, the waveform shown in FIG. 19 shows the force applied to the LRA 140 by applying the drive signal G to the LRA 140.
LRA140の固有振動数f0を225Hzとし、m=3,n=2としたとき、駆動信号Gの周波数f1は、f1=(3/2)×225Hz=337.5Hzとなる。図19の波形は、周波数f1の正弦波Fの位相をπ/2ずらした入力余弦波G1である。正弦波Fは、F=0.01sin2πf1tで表わされる。
When the natural frequency f0 of the LRA 140 is 225 Hz and m = 3 and n = 2, the frequency f1 of the drive signal G is f1 = (3/2) × 225 Hz = 337.5 Hz. The waveform in FIG. 19 is an input cosine wave G1 in which the phase of the sine wave F having the frequency f1 is shifted by π / 2. The sine wave F is represented by F = 0.01 sin 2πf 1 t.
入力余弦波G1がLRA140に印加されると、LRA140はLRA140の固有振動数f0(すなわち共振周波数)で振動を開始する。LRA140は、周波数f1の入力余弦波G1と、LRA140の固有振動数f0による振動との合成波に応じて変位する。
When the input cosine wave G1 is applied to the LRA 140, the LRA 140 starts to vibrate at the natural frequency f0 (that is, the resonance frequency) of the LRA 140. The LRA 140 is displaced according to a combined wave of the input cosine wave G1 having the frequency f1 and the vibration of the LRA 140 with the natural frequency f0.
図20は、LRA140に図19の入力駆動信号が印加されたときのLRAの変位応答を示す。図20(A)において、点線で示される波形はLRA140に入力余弦波G1が印加されたときに生じる振動変位の構成振動成分y11を示し、実線で示される波形は自由振動成分y12を示す。余弦波G1がLRA140に印加されたときの応答変位y13は、y11とy12との合成波となる。
FIG. 20 shows a displacement response of the LRA when the input drive signal of FIG. 19 is applied to the LRA 140. In FIG. 20A, the waveform indicated by the dotted line indicates the constituent vibration component y11 of the vibration displacement generated when the input cosine wave G1 is applied to the LRA 140, and the waveform indicated by the solid line indicates the free vibration component y12. The response displacement y13 when the cosine wave G1 is applied to the LRA 140 is a composite wave of y11 and y12.
図20(B)は、波形y11と波形y12との合成波y13の変位の一例を示す図である。合成波y13は、入力余弦波G1が0となるタイミングT1において0となることがわかる。
FIG. 20B is a diagram illustrating an example of the displacement of the composite wave y13 of the waveform y11 and the waveform y12. It can be seen that the synthesized wave y13 becomes 0 at the timing T1 when the input cosine wave G1 becomes 0.
合成波y13が0となるタイミングT1において、LRA140の変位の速度も0になるため、LRA140の振動は停止する。
At the timing T1 when the synthetic wave y13 becomes 0, the displacement speed of the LRA 140 becomes 0, so the vibration of the LRA 140 stops.
図21は、第3の方法のLRAの変位の速度及び変位の加速度の例を示す図である。図21(A)は合成波y13の波形を示す図、図21(B)は合成波y13の変位を微分して得られる速度の波形y13′を示す図、図21(C)は合成波y13の変位を2回微分して得られる加速度の波形y13″を示す図である。
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the LRA displacement speed and displacement acceleration of the third method. 21A shows the waveform of the composite wave y13, FIG. 21B shows the velocity waveform y13 ′ obtained by differentiating the displacement of the composite wave y13, and FIG. 21C shows the composite wave y13. It is a figure which shows the waveform y13 "of the acceleration obtained by differentiating 2 displacements twice.
図21からわかるように、速度の波形y13′と加速度の波形y13″とは、合成波y13が0となるタイミングT1で0となる。すなわちLRA140の振動がタイミングT1で停止する。
As can be seen from FIG. 21, the velocity waveform y13 ′ and the acceleration waveform y13 ″ become 0 at the timing T1 when the synthesized wave y13 becomes 0. That is, the vibration of the LRA 140 stops at the timing T1.
このとき加速度の波形y13″は、0.01sec以内に3周期で停止する。したがって第3の方法では、0.01sec以内に振動の加速度が0.02G以下となり、メタルドーム式のボタン2をクリックしたような触感を表現することができる。
At this time, the acceleration waveform y13 ″ stops in three cycles within 0.01 sec. Therefore, in the third method, the vibration acceleration becomes 0.02 G or less within 0.01 sec, and the metal dome type button 2 is clicked. It is possible to express a tactile feeling like that.
図19-21では、入力余弦波G1の振幅がピークとなる点で加振を停止させるものとしたが、これに限定されない。駆動信号の終端は、例えばタッチパネル120の振動の加速度を示す波形に、クリック感を表現する急峻なピークを生成できる点であればよい。駆動信号の終端は、振幅の中心点である0以外であればよく、駆動信号の終端は振幅のピークに近い点であるほど良い。
In FIG. 19-21, the excitation is stopped at the point where the amplitude of the input cosine wave G1 reaches a peak, but the present invention is not limited to this. The end of the drive signal may be any point that can generate a steep peak expressing a click feeling in a waveform indicating acceleration of vibration of the touch panel 120, for example. The end of the drive signal may be other than 0, which is the center point of the amplitude, and the end of the drive signal is better as the point is closer to the amplitude peak.
また本実施例の電子機器100では、LRA140がタッチパネル120の筐体側の面に取り付けられるものとしたが、これに限定されない。LRA140は、例えば筐体110内部に配置された基板150の近傍に配置されてもよい。
In the electronic apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the LRA 140 is attached to the surface of the touch panel 120 on the casing side, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the LRA 140 may be disposed in the vicinity of the substrate 150 disposed in the housing 110.
図22は、LRAが筐体に設けられた電子機器の例を示す図である。図22に示す電子機器100Aでは、LRA140が筐体110内部に設けられた基板150の近傍に配置されている。
FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of an electronic device in which an LRA is provided in a housing. In the electronic device 100 </ b> A illustrated in FIG. 22, the LRA 140 is disposed in the vicinity of the substrate 150 provided in the housing 110.
図23は、上述した駆動信号を利用して多様な振動パターンを発生させる電子機器300の概略構成図である。上述した第1~第3の駆動信号をLRA140に印加することによって、タッチパネル上に短くて鋭い振動を発生させることができる。これを利用し、基本波形を発生させるタイミングを異ならせることによって多様な振動パターンを生成することができる。種々の振動パターンを、電子機器で実現される各種の機能、たとえばアプリケーション、電子メール開封時に表示される電子メールの主題、電子メールで使用される文字や絵文字等とリンクさせることによって、ユーザに多様な触感を提供することができる。
FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electronic device 300 that generates various vibration patterns using the drive signals described above. By applying the first to third drive signals described above to the LRA 140, a short and sharp vibration can be generated on the touch panel. By utilizing this, various vibration patterns can be generated by changing the timing for generating the basic waveform. By linking various vibration patterns with various functions realized by electronic devices, such as applications, e-mail subjects displayed when opening e-mails, characters and pictograms used in e-mails, etc. Can provide a tactile feel.
電子機器300は、CPU210、メモリ320、ドライバIC260、LRA140、ディスプレイ301、タッチセンサ302、入出力部303、信号処理部304、通信部305を有する。制御部210とドライバIC260で、LRA140を駆動制御する駆動制御部270を構成する。液晶などのディスプレイ301と、タッチパッドのような入力部303と、タッチセンサ302で、電子機器300のタッチパネル120(図3参照)を構成する。
The electronic device 300 includes a CPU 210, a memory 320, a driver IC 260, an LRA 140, a display 301, a touch sensor 302, an input / output unit 303, a signal processing unit 304, and a communication unit 305. The control unit 210 and the driver IC 260 constitute a drive control unit 270 that drives and controls the LRA 140. The display 301 such as a liquid crystal, the input unit 303 such as a touch pad, and the touch sensor 302 constitute the touch panel 120 (see FIG. 3) of the electronic device 300.
CPU210は、振動パターンリンク部215と、解析部216を含む。振動パターンリンク部215は、電子機器300の機能と、LRA140に対する駆動信号を利用した振動パターンとを対応させて、リンク情報を生成する。
CPU 210 includes a vibration pattern link unit 215 and an analysis unit 216. The vibration pattern link unit 215 associates the function of the electronic device 300 with a vibration pattern using a drive signal for the LRA 140 and generates link information.
実施例及び特許請求の範囲で電子機器300の「機能」と言う場合、インストールされているアプリケーションの種類だけではなく、電子メールの開封時に表示される重要度や主題、電子メールで使用される文字や絵文字等も含むものとする。
In the embodiments and claims, when referring to the “function” of the electronic device 300, not only the type of installed application but also the importance and subject displayed when the email is opened, and the characters used in the email And pictograms.
解析部216は、たとえば電子メールに特定の内容や主題を示すマークや単語が含まれているか、電子メールの本文に特定の文字、絵文字が使用されているか等を解析する。
The analysis unit 216 analyzes, for example, whether a mark or word indicating a specific content or subject is included in the e-mail, or whether a specific character or pictograph is used in the body of the e-mail.
メモリ320は、駆動制御プログラム格納領域230、波形データ格納領域240、API250、振動パターン格納領域321、リンク情報格納領域322を含む。リンク情報格納領域には、振動パターンリンク部215が生成したリンク情報が格納される。振動パターン格納領域321は、LRA140に印加される駆動波形(またはLRAの振動波形)の発生タイミングを異ならせた多様な振動パターンを格納する。
The memory 320 includes a drive control program storage area 230, a waveform data storage area 240, an API 250, a vibration pattern storage area 321, and a link information storage area 322. In the link information storage area, link information generated by the vibration pattern link unit 215 is stored. The vibration pattern storage area 321 stores various vibration patterns with different generation timings of drive waveforms (or LRA vibration waveforms) applied to the LRA 140.
CPU210は、電子機器300の任意の機能が選択されたときに、リンク情報格納領域322のリンク情報を参照して、対応する振動パターンを読み出し、振動パターンで決まる発生タイミングでLRA140に対する駆動信号を発生させるようにドライバIC260に指示する。ドライバIC260は、指定された発生タイミングでLRA140に駆動信号を印加する。ここで印加される駆動信号は、図1~図22を参照して説明した第1~第3の駆動信号のいずれであってもよい。
When any function of the electronic device 300 is selected, the CPU 210 refers to the link information in the link information storage area 322, reads the corresponding vibration pattern, and generates a drive signal for the LRA 140 at a generation timing determined by the vibration pattern. The driver IC 260 is instructed to do so. The driver IC 260 applies a drive signal to the LRA 140 at a specified generation timing. The drive signal applied here may be any of the first to third drive signals described with reference to FIGS.
図24は、リンク情報の一例を示す。図24のリンク情報は、Webブラウザ、電子メール、カメラ、電卓、などの電子機器300のアプリケーションと、振動パターンとをリンクさせている。振動パターンは、基本の駆動波形、または駆動波形の印加により生じる振動波形を1つの波形とする。LRA140に印加される駆動信号の波形を基本波形としてもよいし、駆動信号の印加によりタッチパネル上に生じる加速度波形を基本波形としてもよい。
FIG. 24 shows an example of link information. The link information in FIG. 24 links an application of the electronic device 300 such as a Web browser, e-mail, camera, calculator, and the vibration pattern. In the vibration pattern, a basic drive waveform or a vibration waveform generated by application of the drive waveform is a single waveform. The waveform of the drive signal applied to the LRA 140 may be a basic waveform, or the acceleration waveform generated on the touch panel by the application of the drive signal may be a basic waveform.
図24では、上から順に、単発で発生させる振動パターン(パターン1)、2つ連続で発生させる振動パターン(パターン2)、1波形を発生させた後に1波形分タイミングを空けてから2つ目の波形を発生させる振動パターン(パターン3)、1波形発生させた後に2波形分タイミングを空けてから2つ目の波形を発生させる振動パターン(パターン4)が、各アプリケーションとリンク付けされている。
In FIG. 24, in order from the top, the vibration pattern (pattern 1) generated in a single shot, the vibration pattern (pattern 2) generated in succession (pattern 2), and the second one after generating the timing for one waveform after generating one waveform. A vibration pattern (pattern 3) for generating a waveform of 1 is generated, and a vibration pattern (pattern 4) for generating a second waveform after the timing of two waveforms after generating one waveform is linked to each application. .
振動パターン1はWebブラウザの機能と振動パターン1がリンクされ、振動パターン2はカメラ機能とリンクされている。振動パターン3は電子メール機能とリンクされ、振動パターン4は電卓機能とリンクされている。このようなリンク情報は、デフォルトで電子機器300に設定されていてもよいし、ユーザの入力操作によって設定され、保存されてもよい。
The vibration pattern 1 is linked to the function of the Web browser and the vibration pattern 1, and the vibration pattern 2 is linked to the camera function. The vibration pattern 3 is linked to the electronic mail function, and the vibration pattern 4 is linked to the calculator function. Such link information may be set in the electronic device 300 by default, or may be set and stored by a user input operation.
図25は、電子メールの重要度(重要メール、緊急メール等)やメールの主題(うれしいメール、かなしいメール等)と振動パターンとをリンクさせた例である。基本となる1つの振動波形は、図24と同様の波形を用いる。うれしいメールは、2つ波形を発生させた後に1波形分タイミングをあけてから3つ目の波形を発生させる振動パターン(パターン5)とリンクされている。
FIG. 25 is an example in which the importance level of email (important email, emergency email, etc.), the subject of email (joyful email, pretty email, etc.) and the vibration pattern are linked. A waveform similar to that shown in FIG. 24 is used as one basic vibration waveform. A nice mail is linked to a vibration pattern (pattern 5) that generates a third waveform after generating two waveforms and then timings one waveform.
図26は、電子メールに使用される絵文字や顔文字と振動パターンとをリンクさせた例である。
FIG. 26 is an example in which pictograms and emoticons used for e-mail are linked to vibration patterns.
図27は、リンク情報の保存例を示す図である。リンク情報は、電子機器300のメモリ320のリンク情報格納領域322に、リンク情報テーブル331、332、333の形式で格納されてもよい。メモリ320に保存される振動パターンは、周波数、振幅、位相、周期で特定される基本波形情報と、たとえば、オン/オフで表わされる発生タイミング情報で表わされてもよい。
FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of saving link information. The link information may be stored in the link information storage area 322 of the memory 320 of the electronic device 300 in the format of link information tables 331, 332, and 333. The vibration pattern stored in the memory 320 may be represented by basic waveform information specified by frequency, amplitude, phase, and period, and generation timing information represented by ON / OFF, for example.
図28は、ユーザの入力操作により、リンク情報を設定あるいは変更する例を示す。図28(A)で、ユーザは電子機器300の表示画面に設定変更画面を呼び出し、「振動パターン設定」または「振動パターン変更」を選択する。いずれかを選択すると、図28(B)で、設定/変更対象項目として、「アプリ」、「電子メール開封時」、「電子メール本文文字」などの項目が表示される。いずれかの項目を選択すると、図28(C)で、振動パターン格納領域321(図23参照)に格納されている振動パターンが読み出され、表示される。ここで表示される振動パターンは、図24~図26のようにユーザが視覚的に振動パターンを認識できる絵であるのが望ましい。ユーザが所望の振動パターンを選択し、設定ボタンを選択すると、選択された機能項目と振動パターンとを対応付けたリンク情報が生成される。さらに次の画面で保存の要否の問い合わせ画面(不図示)を表示し、ユーザが保存を選択した場合に、振動パターン格納領域321にリンク情報が格納される。
FIG. 28 shows an example in which link information is set or changed by a user input operation. In FIG. 28A, the user calls a setting change screen on the display screen of the electronic device 300 and selects “vibration pattern setting” or “vibration pattern change”. When any one is selected, items such as “application”, “when opening an email”, “email text” are displayed as setting / change target items in FIG. When any item is selected, the vibration pattern stored in the vibration pattern storage area 321 (see FIG. 23) is read and displayed in FIG. The vibration pattern displayed here is preferably a picture that allows the user to visually recognize the vibration pattern as shown in FIGS. When the user selects a desired vibration pattern and selects a setting button, link information that associates the selected function item with the vibration pattern is generated. Further, an inquiry screen (not shown) for necessity of saving is displayed on the next screen, and when the user selects saving, link information is stored in the vibration pattern storage area 321.
図29は、電子機器(たとえばスマートフォン)300の機能と振動波形をリンクさせたときの使用例を示す。図29(A)で、スマートフォン300にアプリ選択画面が表示されている。この中から、「電子メール」アイコンを指で選択すると、図29(B)のようにアイコンの色が変わり、図29(C)に示すように、設定された波形で振動が発生しスマートフォン300もしくはタッチパネルが振動する。図24のリンク情報の例によると、クリックのような短く鋭い振動が1波形分の間隔をおいて2回発生する。図示はしないが、この後、電子メールアプリケーションが起動する。
FIG. 29 shows a usage example when the function of the electronic device (for example, smartphone) 300 is linked to the vibration waveform. In FIG. 29A, an application selection screen is displayed on the smartphone 300. When the “e-mail” icon is selected with a finger from among these, the color of the icon changes as shown in FIG. 29 (B), and vibration occurs in the set waveform as shown in FIG. 29 (C). Or the touch panel vibrates. According to the example of the link information in FIG. 24, a short and sharp vibration such as a click occurs twice at intervals of one waveform. Although not shown, the e-mail application is activated thereafter.
アプリケーションの種類に応じて異なる振動パターンを設定してあるため、ユーザは意図したとおりのアプリケーションが選択されたことを体感的に確認することができる。また、第1~第3のいずれの駆動信号を用いた場合も、1つの振動は0.02秒以内、より好ましくは0.01秒以内に急峻に停止するため、ユーザの指は明確に振動パターンを認識することができる。
Since different vibration patterns are set according to the type of application, the user can visually confirm that the intended application has been selected. In addition, when any of the first to third drive signals is used, one vibration stops sharply within 0.02 seconds, more preferably within 0.01 seconds, so that the user's finger clearly vibrates. The pattern can be recognized.
図30は、受信メールの内容(重要度や主題)と振動パターンをリンク付けたときの使用例を示す。図30(A)で、スマートフォン300に受信メールリスト画面が表示されている。この中で、たとえば上から3番目のCさんからのメールには振動マーク[~]が付加されている。これをたとえば「バイブメール」と呼ぶ。ユーザがバイブメールであるCさんのメールを指で選択すると、図30(B)のように3番目のメールの色が変わり、図30(C)に示すように、設定された振動パターンでスマートフォン300もしくはタッチパネルが振動する。図25のリンク情報の例によると、クリックのような短く鋭い振動が2回連続した後、1波形間隔をおいて3つ目の振動が発生する。図示はしないが、この後、選択したメールが開封される。
FIG. 30 shows an example of use when the contents (importance and subject) of the received mail are linked with the vibration pattern. In FIG. 30A, a received mail list screen is displayed on the smartphone 300. Among them, for example, the vibration mark [˜] is added to the third mail from the top, Mr. C. This is called "vibration mail", for example. When the user selects Mr. C's mail, which is a vibrator mail, with the finger, the color of the third mail changes as shown in FIG. 30 (B), and the smartphone uses the set vibration pattern as shown in FIG. 30 (C). 300 or the touch panel vibrates. According to the example of the link information in FIG. 25, after a short and sharp vibration such as a click continues twice, a third vibration is generated at one waveform interval. Although not shown, the selected mail is then opened.
図30の例では、送信者Cさんが電子メールにバイブメール機能を添付していることがバイブマーク[~]によって示されている。バイブマークの種類を異ならせることによって、「重要メール」、「緊急メール」などを示し、それぞれに異なる振動パターンをリンクさせてもよい。あるいはバイブマークの検出によって解析部216を起動し、「うれしい」、「重要」、「緊急」等の単語を抽出させ、リンク情報に基づいてあらかじめリンクされた振動パターンを読み出してもよい。
In the example of FIG. 30, the vibrator mark [˜] indicates that the sender C has attached the vibrator mail function to the email. Different types of vibration marks may be used to indicate “important mail”, “emergency mail”, and the like, and different vibration patterns may be linked to each. Alternatively, the analysis unit 216 may be activated by detecting a vibe mark to extract words such as “joyful”, “important”, and “emergency”, and read a vibration pattern linked in advance based on link information.
電子メールの重要度や主題に応じた振動パターンを設定することによって、送信者が電子メールにバイブメール機能を添付した内容に応じた振動を得ることができ、視覚、聴覚以外に、触感という方法で電子メールの内容を伝達することができる。
By setting the vibration pattern according to the importance and subject of the e-mail, the sender can obtain the vibration according to the content that attached the vibrator mail function to the e-mail. Can communicate the contents of e-mail.
図31は、電子メールで用いられている絵文字や顔文字と振動パターンをリンク付けたときの使用例を示す。図31(A)は、スマートフォン300の電子メール本文画面を示す。文章内に顔文字「(^_^)」が記述されている。この例では顔文字がイタリック体で表示されている。これは顔文字に振動パターンがリンクされていることを示す。顔文字部分を指で選択すると、図31(B)のように顔文字部分の色が変わり、図31(C)に示すように、設定された振動パターンでスマートフォン300もしくはタッチパネルが振動する。顔文字や絵文字に応じた振動波形を設定しているため、視覚以外の触感という方法で表現を提示することが可能となる。
FIG. 31 shows an example of use when an emoticon or emoticon used in an e-mail is linked to a vibration pattern. FIG. 31A shows an e-mail text screen of the smartphone 300. The emoticon “(^ _ ^)” is described in the text. In this example, emoticons are displayed in italics. This indicates that a vibration pattern is linked to the emoticon. When the emoticon part is selected with a finger, the color of the emoticon part is changed as shown in FIG. 31B, and the smartphone 300 or the touch panel vibrates with the set vibration pattern as shown in FIG. 31C. Since vibration waveforms corresponding to emoticons and pictograms are set, it is possible to present an expression by a method other than visual sense of touch.
タッチパネル入力による新たな情報伝達が可能となることで、ユーザ間コミュニケーションをより促進することができ、情報機器としての新たな価値を提供できる。リンク情報は、赤外線近距離通信などにより、特定のグループ内、家族内で共有することができる。
By enabling new information transmission through touch panel input, communication between users can be further promoted, and new value as an information device can be provided. Link information can be shared within a specific group or family by infrared short-range communication or the like.
100、100A、300 電子機器
110 筐体
120 タッチパネル
140 LRA
200 駆動装置
210 CPU
215 振動パターンリンク部
216 解析部
230 駆動制御プログラム
240 波形データ格納領域
260 ドライバIC
270 駆動制御部
320 メモリ
321 振動パターン格納領域
322 リンク情報格納領域 100, 100A, 300Electronic device 110 Housing 120 Touch panel 140 LRA
200Drive device 210 CPU
215 Vibrationpattern link unit 216 Analysis unit 230 Drive control program 240 Waveform data storage area 260 Driver IC
270Drive control unit 320 Memory 321 Vibration pattern storage area 322 Link information storage area
110 筐体
120 タッチパネル
140 LRA
200 駆動装置
210 CPU
215 振動パターンリンク部
216 解析部
230 駆動制御プログラム
240 波形データ格納領域
260 ドライバIC
270 駆動制御部
320 メモリ
321 振動パターン格納領域
322 リンク情報格納領域 100, 100A, 300
200
215 Vibration
270
Claims (13)
- タッチパネルを有する電子機器であって、
前記タッチパネルを振動させるアクチュエータと、
前記電子機器が有する機能と、前記アクチュエータに印加される駆動信号の発生タイミングを異ならせた複数の振動パターンとを対応付けたリンク情報を格納するメモリと、
前記電子機器の任意の機能が選択されたときに、前記リンク情報を参照して、対応する振動パターンで前記アクチュエータに前記駆動信号を印加する駆動制御部と、
を備え、前記駆動信号は、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)をm回繰り返す第1の駆動信号、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数f0の正弦波であり、かつ前記正弦波の振幅の中心以外の点で終端する第2の駆動信号、及び
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)から位相がπ/2ずれた波形をm回繰り返す振動であって、かつ前記振動の振幅の中心点以外の点で終端する第3の駆動信号、
のいずれかであることを特徴とする電子機器。 An electronic device having a touch panel,
An actuator for vibrating the touch panel;
A memory that stores link information that associates a function of the electronic device with a plurality of vibration patterns that have different generation timings of drive signals applied to the actuator;
A drive control unit that applies the drive signal to the actuator in a corresponding vibration pattern with reference to the link information when an arbitrary function of the electronic device is selected;
The drive signal comprises:
A first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 × m / n (m, n is a natural number and m ≠ n) m times when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0;
A second drive signal that is a sine wave of the resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and terminates at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave, and f0 × m / n when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0 A third drive that repeats m times a waveform whose phase is shifted by π / 2 from a sine wave (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n) and terminates at a point other than the center point of the amplitude of the vibration. signal,
An electronic device characterized by being any one of the above. - 前記メモリは、前記第1~第3の駆動信号の少なくとも一つを表わす波形情報を格納する記憶領域を有し、
前記駆動制御部は、前記電子機器の機能が選択されたときに、前記メモリから前記波形情報を読み出し、前記波形情報で表わされる前記駆動信号を、前記振動パターンで決まる発生タイミングで前記アクチュエータに印加することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子機器。 The memory has a storage area for storing waveform information representing at least one of the first to third drive signals,
The drive control unit reads the waveform information from the memory when a function of the electronic device is selected, and applies the drive signal represented by the waveform information to the actuator at a generation timing determined by the vibration pattern The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: - ユーザの入力操作に応じて、前記電子機器の機能の一つと、前記複数の振動パターンから選択される所望の振動パターンとを対応づけるリンク部、
をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子機器。 A link unit that associates one of the functions of the electronic device with a desired vibration pattern selected from the plurality of vibration patterns in accordance with a user input operation;
The electronic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: - 前記第1の駆動信号の印加により、前記タッチパネルは、前記第1の駆動信号と前記アクチュエータの前記共振周波数f0での振動との合成波形で振動し、前記第1の駆動信号のm回振動後に振動が停止することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子機器。 By the application of the first drive signal, the touch panel vibrates with a composite waveform of the first drive signal and the vibration of the actuator at the resonance frequency f0, and after m times of vibration of the first drive signal. 2. The electronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vibration is stopped.
- 前記第2の駆動信号の印加により、前記タッチパネルは、前記共振周波数f0での振動のピークと前記タッチパネル自体が有する前記f0よりも高い周波数での振動のピークとが重なった重畳ピークの直後に減衰することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子機器。 By the application of the second drive signal, the touch panel is attenuated immediately after a superposition peak in which a vibration peak at the resonance frequency f0 and a vibration peak at a frequency higher than f0 included in the touch panel itself overlap. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein:
- 前記アクチュエータは、前記電子機器の筐体内または前記タッチパネルの表示面と反対側の面に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子機器。 2. The electronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the actuator is disposed in a casing of the electronic apparatus or on a surface opposite to a display surface of the touch panel.
- 電子機器が有する機能と、駆動信号の振動波形の発生タイミングを異ならせた複数の振動パターンとを対応付けたリンク情報を第1のメモリ領域に格納し、
前記電子機器の任意の機能が選択されたときに、前記リンク情報を参照して、前記駆動信号を対応する振動パターンの発生タイミングで前記電子機器のアクチュエータに印加し、
前記アクチュエータの駆動によって、前記電子機器のタッチパネルを前記振動パターンで振動させ、
前記駆動波形は、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)をm回繰り返す第1の駆動信号、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数f0の正弦波であり、かつ前記正弦波の振幅の中心以外の点で加振を停止する第2の駆動信号、及び
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)から位相がπ/2ずれた波形をm回繰り返す振動であって、かつ前記振動の振幅の中心点以外の点で終端する第3の駆動信号、
から選択されることを特徴とする振動提供方法。 The link information that associates the function of the electronic device with a plurality of vibration patterns with different generation timings of the vibration waveform of the drive signal is stored in the first memory area,
When an arbitrary function of the electronic device is selected, referring to the link information, the drive signal is applied to the actuator of the electronic device at the generation timing of the corresponding vibration pattern,
By driving the actuator, the touch panel of the electronic device is vibrated in the vibration pattern,
The drive waveform is
A first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 × m / n (m, n is a natural number and m ≠ n) m times when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0;
A second drive signal that is a sine wave having a resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and stops excitation at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave, and f0 × A vibration that repeats m times a waveform whose phase is shifted by π / 2 from a m / n sine wave (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n), and ends at a point other than the center point of the amplitude of the vibration. 3 drive signals,
A method for providing vibrations, characterized in that: - 前記第1~第3の駆動信号の少なくとも1つを表わす波形情報を第2のメモリ領域に格納し、
前記電子機器の機能が選択されたときに、前記第2のメモリ領域から前記波形情報を読み出し、
前記読み出された波形情報で特定される前記駆動信号を、前記振動パターンの発生タイミングで前記アクチュエータに印加する
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の振動提供方法。 Storing waveform information representing at least one of the first to third drive signals in a second memory area;
When the function of the electronic device is selected, the waveform information is read from the second memory area,
The vibration providing method according to claim 7, wherein the drive signal specified by the read waveform information is applied to the actuator at a generation timing of the vibration pattern. - ユーザの入力操作に応じて、前記電子機器の機能の一つと、前記複数の振動パターン中の所望の振動パターンとを対応づけ、
前記対応づけたリンク情報を前記第1のメモリ領域に格納することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の振動提供方法。 In accordance with a user input operation, one of the functions of the electronic device is associated with a desired vibration pattern in the plurality of vibration patterns,
The vibration providing method according to claim 7, wherein the associated link information is stored in the first memory area. - 前記リンク情報をデフォルトで前記電子機器に設定し、前記ユーザの入力操作に応じて前記リンク情報を変更する工程、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の振動提供方法。 Setting the link information in the electronic device by default, and changing the link information according to the user's input operation;
The vibration providing method according to claim 7, further comprising: - 前記アクチュエータに前記第1の駆動信号を印加することにより、前記タッチパネルを前記第1の駆動信号と前記アクチュエータの共振振動との合成波形で振動させ、前記第1の駆動信号のm回振動後に振動を停止させることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の振動提供方法。 By applying the first drive signal to the actuator, the touch panel is vibrated with a composite waveform of the first drive signal and the resonance vibration of the actuator, and vibrates after m times of vibration of the first drive signal. The vibration providing method according to claim 7, wherein the vibration is stopped.
- 前記アクチュエータに前記第2の駆動信号を印加することにより、前記タッチパネルの振動を、前記共振周波数f0の振動のピークと前記タッチパネル自体が有する前記f0よりも高い周波数での振動のピークとが重なった重畳ピークの直後に減衰させることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の振動提供方法。 By applying the second drive signal to the actuator, the vibration of the touch panel is overlapped with the vibration peak at the resonance frequency f0 and the vibration peak at a frequency higher than the f0 of the touch panel itself. The vibration providing method according to claim 7, wherein the vibration is attenuated immediately after the superposition peak.
- コンピュータに、
電子機器の任意の機能が選択されたときに、メモリに格納されたリンク情報から前記選択された機能に対応する振動パターンを読み取る処理と、
前記振動パターンで決まる発生タイミングで、前記電子機器のアクチュエータに駆動信号を印加して、前記電子機器のタッチパネルを前記振動パターンで振動させる処理と、
を実行させる振動提供プログラムであって、
前記駆動信号として、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)をm回繰り返す第1の駆動信号、
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数f0の正弦波であり、かつ前記正弦波の振幅の中心以外の点で加振を停止する第2の駆動信号、及び
前記アクチュエータの共振周波数をf0としたときに、f0×m/nの正弦波(m、nは自然数かつm≠n)から位相がπ/2ずれた波形をm回繰り返す振動であって、かつ前記振動の振幅の中心点以外の点で終端する第3の駆動信号第3の駆動信号、
のいずれかを印加させることを特徴とする振動提供プログラム。 On the computer,
When an arbitrary function of the electronic device is selected, a process of reading a vibration pattern corresponding to the selected function from the link information stored in the memory;
A process of applying a drive signal to the actuator of the electronic device at a generation timing determined by the vibration pattern and vibrating the touch panel of the electronic device with the vibration pattern;
A vibration providing program for executing
As the drive signal,
A first drive signal that repeats a sine wave of f0 × m / n (m, n is a natural number and m ≠ n) m times when the resonance frequency of the actuator is f0;
A second drive signal that is a sine wave having a resonance frequency f0 of the actuator and stops excitation at a point other than the center of the amplitude of the sine wave, and f0 × A vibration that repeats m times a waveform whose phase is shifted by π / 2 from a m / n sine wave (m and n are natural numbers and m ≠ n), and ends at a point other than the center point of the amplitude of the vibration. A third drive signal,
A vibration providing program characterized by applying any of the above.
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