WO2013185828A1 - Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice - Google Patents

Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013185828A1
WO2013185828A1 PCT/EP2012/061314 EP2012061314W WO2013185828A1 WO 2013185828 A1 WO2013185828 A1 WO 2013185828A1 EP 2012061314 W EP2012061314 W EP 2012061314W WO 2013185828 A1 WO2013185828 A1 WO 2013185828A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
poles
rotating electrical
electrical machine
superconducting coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/061314
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eino Silander
Original Assignee
Abb Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Oy filed Critical Abb Oy
Priority to PCT/EP2012/061314 priority Critical patent/WO2013185828A1/fr
Publication of WO2013185828A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013185828A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to rotating electrical machines, and more particularly to synchronous type rotating machines.
  • JP55005043 A One example of a structure employing a superconducting coil for magnetizing the rotor is presented in JP55005043 A.
  • a su- perconducting coil surrounds an induction core that forms the rotor structure.
  • the induction core is magnetized such that salient poles are formed at both ends of the inductor core.
  • the stator of the machine comprises corresponding poles at both ends of the inner structure of the stator.
  • the stator ends are energized with alternating current for obtain- ing a force driving the machine.
  • generated voltage in both ends of the stator is achieved by rotating magnetized rotor poles.
  • the magnetic coupling between the stator and the rotor is relatively short compared to the length of the rotor structure.
  • the short magnetic coupling further means that energy transfer between the stator and the rotor is not optimal.
  • the rotor poles are not in the surface of the rotor in the whole longitudinal direction of the rotor. This specific structure of the rotor necessitates using a specifically structured and dimensioned stator both mechanically and electrically.
  • the invention is based on the idea of using a superconductive magnetizing arrangement which is situated stationary inside the rotating rotor.
  • the superconducting coil produces opposing magnetic poles to the ends of the stationary core.
  • the rotor structure comprises rotor poles that extend through the rotor rim.
  • Each rotor pole has a magnetic brush which orbits near the ends of the magnetizing core end, so that the pole is magnetized.
  • North and south poles of the rotor extend radially inwards towards the stationary core at opposing ends of the rotor.
  • the poles can extend longitudinally in the axial direction of the rotor in the surface of the rotor rim.
  • the advantage of the rotor structure is that the energy transfer between the rotor and the stator is considerably better than in the previously known structures. This leads to better efficiency of the structure. Further, as the magnetic poles are placed in the surface of the rotor rim in a conventional manner, the stator structure can be conventional and no re-design is needed.
  • the superconducting coil and the core around which the coil is wound is a single unit that can be easily manufactured and cooled when in use.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of the machine of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section of the machine along line A-a of
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section of the machine along line B-b of
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a top view and side view of a pole of the machine of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of the machine of the invention.
  • the machine is cut in half in longitudinal direction that is the direction of the shaft of the machine.
  • Figure 1 shows the stator 1 1 of the machine being the outmost part of the machine.
  • the stator is equipped with stator windings.
  • the stator windings of the machine of the present disclosure can be windings of any known kind.
  • the stator windings are a multi-phase windings, preferably three-phase windings.
  • Figure 1 shows a stationary magnetizing coil 15 which is a superconducting coil.
  • the coil is formed on a core structure having end por- tions 13, 14.
  • the core structure is basically cylindrical structure in which the end portions 13, 14 are larger in diameter.
  • the superconducting coil 15 is wound in the area between the end portions. As known, the superconducting coils require a low temperature for the superconducting effect to take place.
  • the coil in wound in the core structure is surrounded with a cooling arrange- ment 16 and the cooling medium is supplied to the stationary core through the non-driving end NDE of the machine.
  • the superconducting coil is also powered through the non-driving end of the machine.
  • the rotor 17 is situated between the stationary stator structure 1 1 and the stationary magnetizing reel 12 in the radial direction of the machine. Since the magnetizing coil is inside the rotor structure, the rotor is substantially hollow.
  • the substantially hollow rotor structure comprises poles 18 that are magnetized with the superconducting coil 15.
  • Figure 1 shows only two poles having the same polarity, i.e. the poles are magnetized similarly.
  • Figure 2 showing a cross section of Figure 1 along line A-a shows also other two poles 19 that are magnetized with the opposing polarity.
  • each pole extends inside the rotor structure at one end of the machine.
  • poles 18 extend inwardly towards the end portions of the core structure in the non-driving end. These extensions form magnetic brushes 20 with which the magnetization produced with the superconducting coil is led to the rotor poles so that the rotor poles obtain a magnetic polarity.
  • Figure 3 shows another cross section from Figure 1 along line B-b. Line B-b is in the driving end DE of the machine and goes through end portion 14 of the core structure.
  • the poles 18 have extensions in the non-driving end, whereas in Figure 3 the magnetic brushes of poles 19 are revealed.
  • poles with differing polarities have magnetic brushes at different ends of the machine and since the machine of Figure 1 comprises two pole pairs, i.e. four poles, the poles with opposing polarity to that of the shown poles, are not visible.
  • the magnetic brushes extending inside the rotor structure are sub- stantially close to the end portions of the core structure.
  • An air gap is formed between the end portions and the magnetic brushes.
  • the air gaps should be as small as possible.
  • the length of each air gap is in the range of 1 to 3 mm.
  • the inwardly extending magnetic brushes 20 stay close to the end portion of the magnetizing reel all the time during the rotation of the rotor, and therefore the poles of the rotor are permanently magnetized.
  • the magnetic brushes are in close proximity to the end portions of the magnetizing coil throughout the whole length of the end portion.
  • the dis- tance is gradually increased starting from the inner side of the end portion as shown in Figure 1 .
  • Figures 2 and 3 further show that the poles of the machine are thicker or wider at those ends of the poles which have the magnetic brush.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show top view and side view of a pole without the pole shoe. As can be seen, the pole tapers towards one end of the pole. The end towards which the pole tapers is the end that does not have the magnetic brush, i.e. the extension towards the end portion of the reel. The tapering form ensures that magnetic flux density is equal in the whole length of the pole.
  • the poles of the present disclosure are much lighter than in known machines with permanent magnet poles or magnetized poles. This gives the advantage that the poles are much easier to assemble and the rotor tolerates higher rotational speeds.
  • the magnetic brush is preferably formed to have a curved form such that the area of magnetic contact between the brush and the end portion of the core structure is long.
  • the curved form of the magnetic brush is basically a part of a circle such that the distance from each point of the curve to the end portion of the core is substantially equal.
  • the magnetic flux formed by the coil flows from the core of the magnetizing coil to the end portion of the coil structure. From the end portion the magnetic flux travels to the poles and from the poles to the stator core and returns through the pole with an opposite polarity to the magnetic brush at the other end of the machine, and finally through the other end portion of the core structure to the core of the magnetizing coil.
  • the rotor body is preferably made of a paramagnetic or diamagnetic material.
  • the rotor is basically a cylindrical ring to which iron poles are at- tached with laminated pole shoes.
  • the magnetic brushes may also be made of the same material as the poles.
  • the end portions of the core structure are also made of iron or of electrical steel if necessary for reducing excessive iron losses.
  • Figure 1 shows one example of how the stationary magnetizing core is extended in the non-driving end.
  • the extension produces a path for the coolant for cooling the superconductive coil and for powering the coil.
  • the rotor structure is extended in the non-driving end.
  • the extended rotor is also supported with bearings 21 against the stationary extension 22 of the core structure. Further, since the superconducting coil is stationary, it is held in place using the extension of the core structure in the non-driving end.
  • the extension of the stationary core structure is preferably attached to the stator structure.
  • the rotor structure comprises an end ring or similar substantially closed structure to which the shaft 23 of the machine is at- tached.
  • the shaft is also supported with bearings 24.
  • the bearing assembly may as well be some other kind as presented here.
  • the bearing may be designed without bearings in the non-driving end and two bearings in the driving end. This can be advantageous for example when the rotating electrical machine of the disclosure is used as a generator in wind power applica- tions or in motoring applications when the load is connected directly to the shaft of the machine.
  • the use of frequency converter does not produce temperature-related problems to the source of magnetization.
  • the higher har- monic components often present in the voltages produced by frequency converters cause some additional heating.
  • the stationary magnetizing coil is far away from the stator structure, the temperature rise does not affect the cooling system of the superconducting coil.
  • the operation of permanent magnet poles is dependent on the temperature of the poles.
  • the magnetization is completely independent of the temperature of the poles.
  • the magnetization of the machine can be controlled as desired by controlling the current in the superconducting coil.
  • the machine of the invention is suitable for controlled high speed motoring applications.
  • the machine can be operated with high efficiency.
  • An- other application of the machine is using it as a generator in wind power applications.
  • the magnetization of the machine can be controlled as needed.
  • a considerably high power machine with compact size is obtained according to present invention.
  • the diameter of the machine would be approximately 182 cm as the nominal speed of the motor is 2000 rpm.
  • the required ampere-turns in the coil structure for the magnetization is in the range of 150 kA.
  • the required temperature is approximately at 20 K. This makes it possible to use a cryocooler for cooling the superconducting wire.
  • Suitable materials for high-temperature superconducting wires include MgB2- and YBCO-materials, although any suitable materials may be used for producing the superconducting coil.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine électrique rotative comprenant un stator, un rotor comprenant un arbre et une structure de bobine supraconductrice fixe destinée à magnétiser le rotor de la machine. Dans la machine, la structure de bobine supraconductrice comprend des parties d'extrémité qui sont conçues pour être magnétisées avec des polarités opposées par une bobine supraconductrice, et le rotor comprend des pôles à griffe s'étendant dans la surface du rotor en direction de l'arbre de la machine, les pôles étant conçus pour être magnétisés au moyen de la structure de bobine supraconductrice, chaque pôle de rotor étant conçu pour s'étendre vers l'intérieur à une extrémité du pôle, de telle sorte que l'extrémité du pôle étendue vers l'intérieur est agencée au voisinage d'une partie d'extrémité de la structure de bobine supraconductrice pour magnétiser le pôle du rotor.
PCT/EP2012/061314 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice WO2013185828A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/061314 WO2013185828A1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/061314 WO2013185828A1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013185828A1 true WO2013185828A1 (fr) 2013-12-19

Family

ID=46275839

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/061314 WO2013185828A1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2013185828A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015090376A1 (fr) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Abb Technology Ag Générateur d'énergie éolienne
RU2664716C1 (ru) * 2017-11-15 2018-08-22 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)" Сверхпроводниковая синхронная электрическая машина с обмотками якоря и возбуждения в неподвижном криостате

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS555043A (en) 1978-06-23 1980-01-14 Katsuhiro Matsui Double-current motor
US20040239201A1 (en) 2003-05-27 2004-12-02 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for assembling homopolar inductor alternators including superconducting windings
US20070228867A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-04 York Michael T Brushless alternator with stationary shaft
JP2010028904A (ja) * 2008-07-15 2010-02-04 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 超電導モータ

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS555043A (en) 1978-06-23 1980-01-14 Katsuhiro Matsui Double-current motor
US20040239201A1 (en) 2003-05-27 2004-12-02 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for assembling homopolar inductor alternators including superconducting windings
US20070228867A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-04 York Michael T Brushless alternator with stationary shaft
JP2010028904A (ja) * 2008-07-15 2010-02-04 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 超電導モータ

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015090376A1 (fr) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Abb Technology Ag Générateur d'énergie éolienne
RU2664716C1 (ru) * 2017-11-15 2018-08-22 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)" Сверхпроводниковая синхронная электрическая машина с обмотками якоря и возбуждения в неподвижном криостате

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6177746B1 (en) Low inductance electrical machine
US7134180B2 (en) Method for providing slip energy control in permanent magnet electrical machines
US5942829A (en) Hybrid electrical machine including homopolar rotor and stator therefor
US6097124A (en) Hybrid permanent magnet/homopolar generator and motor
JP5922023B2 (ja) 機械的に可変な永久磁場を有する、電気モータおよび／または発電機
US6566778B1 (en) Cage-type induction motor for high rotational speeds
JPS63140647A (ja) 全磁束可逆可変リラクタンスブラシレス装置
KR20190044634A (ko) 개선된 다중 터널 전기 모터/발전기
EP1230724A1 (fr) Machine electrique a faible inductance
US20060290221A1 (en) Improvements for High Strength Undiffused Brushless Machine and Method
JP2010025342A (ja) 永久磁石励磁式ラジアル磁気軸受並びにそのラジアル磁気軸受を備えた磁気軸受装置
US9973050B2 (en) Asynchronous machine with optimized distribution of electrical losses between stator and rotor
US10992190B2 (en) Self-exciting synchronous reluctance generators
US20050258699A1 (en) Permanent magnet machine and method with reluctance poles for high strength undiffused brushless operation
EP2814146A2 (fr) Machines synchrones à aimant permanent avec régulation de flux magnétique
CN103199662A (zh) 三次谐波励磁的混合励磁永磁同步电机
US20170005555A1 (en) Asymmetric salient permanent magnet synchronous machine
US6891301B1 (en) Simplified hybrid-secondary uncluttered machine and method
US20070200446A1 (en) Electrical machine
US7105979B1 (en) Compact heteropolar hybrid alternator-motor
RU2384931C1 (ru) Синхронная машина индукторного типа
WO2013185828A1 (fr) Machine électrique rotative à bobine de champ supraconductrice
EP3084942B1 (fr) Générateur d'énergie éolienne
Wang et al. Design of a multi-power-terminals permanent magnet machine with magnetic field modulation
An et al. Loss measurement of a 30 kW high speed permanent magnet synchronous machine with active magnetic bearings

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 12727376

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 12727376

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1