WO2013185545A1 - 一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013185545A1 WO2013185545A1 PCT/CN2013/076619 CN2013076619W WO2013185545A1 WO 2013185545 A1 WO2013185545 A1 WO 2013185545A1 CN 2013076619 W CN2013076619 W CN 2013076619W WO 2013185545 A1 WO2013185545 A1 WO 2013185545A1
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- fire
- aerosol
- baffle
- bell mouth
- wall
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
- A62C5/006—Extinguishants produced by combustion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/006—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use for the propulsion of extinguishing powder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/02—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with pressure gas produced by chemicals
- A62C13/22—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with pressure gas produced by chemicals with incendiary substances producing pressure gas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of fire protection technology, and in particular to a fire suppression method and apparatus for an aerosol fire extinguisher.
- Hot aerosol fire extinguishers are important halon replacement technologies with broad market prospects. It has received great attention in the field of fire fighting and has been rapidly developed. It has been widely used in fire protection in various fields such as mobile communication, electric power, metallurgy, petrochemical, military, transportation, and civil.
- the hot aerosol fire extinguisher is fired by pyrotechnics to release the fire extinguishing material. Therefore, a flame is generated in the combustion reaction and is sprayed outward.
- the current cooling method is Physical or chemical cooling, or both.
- a large amount of chemical coolant needs to be added, which greatly increases the volume and quality of the device structure, and reduces the fire extinguishing efficiency, and does not completely prevent the nozzle flame from being generated; and the aerosol fire extinguisher nozzle
- the flame will cause personal danger to the users, especially the portable aerosol fire extinguisher, and the flame of the nozzle has a great influence on the safety of the product.
- aerosol fire extinguisher spout flames do not meet certain industry-specific specifications.
- the vent flame can easily ignite flammable materials and cause secondary fires, which greatly limits the scope of use of aerosol fire extinguishers.
- the vent flame makes it impossible for aerosol fire extinguishers to meet certain stringent international safety product safety regulations.
- the present invention provides a fire extinguishing method and apparatus for an aerosol fire extinguisher capable of effectively preventing the open flame of the nozzle and ensuring the fire extinguishing efficiency.
- a fire retardant method for an aerosol fire extinguisher comprising the following steps: 1) a fire-stopping device is arranged in the spraying direction of the fire-extinguishing aerosol, and a small part of the flame generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic agent is blocked by the fire-stopping device, and most of the remaining flame is drained to the edge thereof to be dispersed;
- the fire arresting device is provided with a fire blocking baffle at the bottom, and a drain wall is disposed at the middle, and the drain wall is obliquely disposed at an outer edge of the fire blocking baffle.
- the fire-stopping device further includes a bell mouth, and a hole in a middle portion of the fire-stopping device in the step (3) is disposed on the bell mouth, and a larger diameter end of the bell mouth is coupled to the drain wall.
- the invention also relates to a flame arresting device for an aerosol fire extinguisher, the firestop device comprising a firestop baffle and a drainage wall; the drain wall being disposed obliquely at an outer edge of the firestop.
- the fire stop device further includes a bell mouth, and the larger diameter end of the bell mouth is coupled to the drain wall; the smoke hole is processed on the bell mouth.
- the fire blocking baffle is in a sealed connection with the drainage wall.
- the fire stop baffle is in the shape of a plate or a circular arc.
- the fire stop baffle, the drainage wall and the bell mouth are processed into a one-piece structure.
- the diameter of the fire stop baffle is smaller than the maximum diameter of the drain wall, and the maximum diameter of the drain wall is smaller than the diameter of the fire extinguisher cartridge.
- the fire extinguishing method and device for the aerosol fire extinguisher of the present invention can ensure the smooth flow of the hot aerosol smoke while blocking the flame by setting up the fire barrier and the drainage wall and processing the smoke hole on the bell mouth.
- the pressure is too large and the explosion is sprayed.
- the smoke concentration and the air pressure intensity of the spout are not reduced, thereby ensuring the fire extinguishing efficiency of the hot aerosol fire extinguishing device.
- the invention makes the flame form a vortex near the nozzle, and reduces the jet kinetic energy, thereby ensuring that the flame is enclosed in the inner cylinder of the aerosol fire extinguisher, and the principle is simple, and does not greatly change the original structure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the structure of Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fire arresting device of the present invention.
- the fire retarding method of the present invention is achieved by the following steps:
- a fire-blocking device 4 is arranged in the direction of the fire-extinguishing aerosol, and the heat of the flame that burns after the pyrotechnic agent in the fire-extinguishing device is ignited by the chemical coolant is greatly reduced, and then reaches the fire-stopping device 4 a fire blocking baffle 41, the flame portion of the pyrotechnic agent is blocked by the fire blocking baffle 41, and the remaining portion of the flame and the aerosol smoke are drained by the drainage wall 42 of the flame arresting device 4 to the edges thereof;
- the fire-stopping device 4 of the present embodiment is constructed by coupling a fire stop baffle 41, a drain wall 42 and a bell mouth 43.
- the fire blocking baffle 41 is made of a steel plate resistant to high temperature and corrosion, and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the barrel of the fire extinguishing device, and is coupled to the drain wall 42 at the outer edge of the fire blocking baffle 41, and the drain wall 42 is inclined outward.
- the arrangement is formed at an angle with the firestop baffle 41.
- the outer diameter of the drain wall 42 is larger than the diameter of the flame arresting baffle 41 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cartridge, that is, the maximum diameter of the drain wall 42 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cartridge, so that the drainage There is a certain gap between the wall 42 and the wall of the cartridge, and the flame and smoke will enter the cavity between the bell mouth 43 and the top cover of the fire extinguishing device with the gap, and the vortex is formed after being blocked by the top cover, and the bell mouth 43 is buckled at the drainage. Above the wall 42, a cavity is formed between the drainage wall 42 and a gap is formed at the edge of the bell mouth 43.
- the smoke hole 44 of this embodiment is formed.
- the fire stop baffle 41, the drain wall 42 and the bell mouth 43 of the present embodiment are of a unitary structure.
- the fire-stopping device 4 of the present embodiment is disposed in the cartridge of the fire-extinguishing device, adjacent to the position of the spout, that is, the pyrotechnic drug charge column 1, the ignition charge package 2, and the cooling layer 3 are sequentially disposed in the cartridge of the fire extinguishing device.
- a fire-blocking device 4 a heat-insulating layer 5 is disposed between the outside of the medicine column 1 and the ignition charge package 2 and the inner wall of the medicine cartridge, and a top cover 6 is disposed at the top end of the medicine cylinder, and when the activation controller of the fire extinguishing device is activated, Ignite the ignition pack 2, and then ignite the pyrotechnic drug column 1, that is, the pyrotechnic agent ignites a large amount of aerosol smoke and flame, passes through the cooling layer 3, and after the cooling layer 3 is cooled, the heat of the flame is greatly reduced, and then After the blockage of the fire arresting device 4, the heat loss of the flame is severe and cannot be ejected from the top cover, but the aerosol smoke will accumulate with the pores, and accumulate in the bell mouth 43 of the fire arresting device 4, thereby ejecting from the spout of the top cover 6. Spray to achieve fire fighting.
- the fire blocking baffle 41 of the present embodiment is a circular arc-shaped interface structure of the intermediate protrusion, and is connected with the drainage wall 42 to form a cone structure, which is made of galvanized steel, and other components and their connection relationship are the same as in the first embodiment. .
- the fire stop baffle 41 of the present embodiment is a concave structure, and is coupled with the drain wall 42 to form a "W"-shaped structure, and other components and their connection relationship are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the smaller diameter end of the bell mouth 43 of the embodiment is coupled to the top cover as a unitary structure, and a notch is formed at the edge of the bell mouth 43 so that the bell mouth 43 and the drainage wall 42 are spliced to form a smoke hole 44.
- the components and their coupling relationships are the same as in the first embodiment.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及装置,通过设立阻火挡板(41)和引流壁(42)以及在喇叭口(43)上加工过烟孔(44),在阻挡火焰的同时亦能保证热气溶胶烟气流通顺畅,不因压力过大而爆喷,同时也能保障喷口的烟气浓度与气压强度不降低,从而保证热气溶胶灭火装的灭火效率。本发明使得火焰在临近喷口处形成涡流,消减喷射动能,从而保障火焰被封闭在气溶胶灭火器的内筒中,其原理简单,不会对原有结构带来很大变动。本发明的阻火装置工艺简单,只需要一个简单的耐热壳体,因此成本较低,装配便捷,利于工业化生产。
Description
说 明 书 一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及装置 技术领域 本发明属于消防技术领域, 特别涉及一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及装置。 背景技术 热气溶胶灭火器作为重要而有广阔市场前景的哈龙替代技术。 在消防灭火 领域得到了极大的重视, 并得到了快速地发展, 已经被广泛用于移动通信、 电 力、 冶金、 石化、 军事、 运输、 民用等各个领域的消防。 热气溶胶灭火器是通 过烟火类药剂燃烧放出灭火物质灭火, 因此, 在燃烧反应中会产生火焰而向外 喷射, 为阻止从装置喷口喷出以及降低气溶胶灭火装置的温度, 目前采用的冷 却方式为物理冷却或化学冷却, 或两者同时使用。 但是, 为达到在装置喷口不 出现明火, 则需要加入大量的化学冷却剂, 这会大大增加装置结构体积和质量, 并且会降低灭火效能, 且不能完全阻止喷口火焰的产生; 而气溶胶灭火器喷口 的火焰一方面会对使用人员造成人身危险, 特别是便携式气溶胶灭火器灭火器, 喷口火焰对产品使用安全性影响较大。 另一方面, 气溶胶灭火器喷口火焰也不 符合一些特殊行业相关规范。 在一些易燃气体或易燃挥发物比较多的场所, 喷 口火焰会容易引燃易燃品, 发生二次火灾, 这在很大程度上限制了气溶胶灭火 器的使用范围。 再者, 喷口火焰使得气溶胶灭火器无法满足一些严格的国际消 防产品安全的相关规范要求。 发明内容 为了解决现有技术中的气溶胶灭火器喷口出现明火的问题, 本发明提供了 一种能够有效阻止喷口明火且能够保证灭火效率的气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及 装置。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法, 包括以下歩骤:
1 )在灭火气溶胶的喷射方向上设置阻火装置, 通过阻火装置将烟火药剂燃 烧产生的火焰小部分阻挡, 剩余大部分火焰被引流向其边缘分散;
2) 分散至阻火装置边缘的火焰和气溶胶烟雾沿灭火装置筒壁向顶盖扩散, 并被顶盖阻挡形成涡流, 使火焰动能大幅衰减;
3 )形成涡流的气溶胶烟雾从阻火装置的孔隙进入阻火装置和顶盖之间的空 腔, 使空腔内气压持续升高, 当超过顶盖的喷口承压能力时, 从喷口喷出。
进一歩地, 歩骤 (1 ) 中所述阻火装置底部设置有阻火挡板, 中部设有引流 壁, 所述引流壁倾斜设置在阻火挡板的外沿。
进一歩地, 所述阻火装置还包括喇叭口, 歩骤 (3 ) 中所述阻火装置中部的 孔隙设置在喇叭口上, 所述喇叭口直径较大的一端与引流壁联接。
本发明还涉及一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火装置, 所述阻火装置包括阻火挡板 和引流壁; 所述引流壁倾斜设置在阻火挡板的外沿。
进一歩地, 所述阻火装置还包括喇叭口, 喇叭口的直径较大的一端与引流 壁联接; 在喇叭口上加工过烟孔。
进一歩地, 所述阻火挡板与引流壁之间是密封联接。
进一歩地, 所述阻火挡板是板状或者圆弧面形状。
进一歩地, 所述阻火挡板、 引流壁以及喇叭口加工为一体式结构。
进一歩地, 所述阻火挡板的直径小于引流壁的最大直径, 引流壁的最大直 径小于灭火装置药筒的直径。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1 ) 本发明的气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法及装置, 通过设立阻火挡板和引流壁 以及在喇叭口上加工过烟孔, 在阻挡火焰的同时, 能够保证热气溶胶烟气流通 顺畅, 不因压力过大而爆喷, 同时也能保障喷口的烟气浓度与气压强度不降低, 从而保证热气溶胶灭火装的灭火效率。
2) 本发明使得火焰在临近喷口处形成涡流, 消减喷射动能, 从而保障火焰 被封闭在气溶胶灭火器的内筒中, 其原理简单, 不会对原有结构带来很大变动。
3 ) 本发明的阻火装置工艺简单, 只需要一个简单的耐热壳体, 因此成本较 低, 装配便捷, 利于工业化生产。
附图说明: 图 1为实施例 1的结构总装示意图;
图 2为本发明阻火装置结构示意图。
图中: 1、药柱 2、点火药包 3、冷却层 4、阻火装置 41、阻火挡板 42、 引流壁 43、 喇叭口 44、 过烟孔 5、 隔热层 6、 顶盖 具体实施方式: 下面结合说明书附图对本发明做进一歩的描述。
实施例 1
本发明的阻火方法由以下的歩骤实现:
1 ) 在灭火气溶胶的喷射方向上设置阻火装置 4, 灭火装置中的烟火药剂引 燃后经过化学冷却剂的冷却后使其燃烧的火焰的热量大幅减小, 随后, 到达阻 火装置 4的阻火挡板 41, 通过阻火挡板 41将烟火药剂的火焰一部分阻挡, 剩余 部分火焰和气溶胶烟雾被阻火装置 4的引流壁 42引流向其边缘分散;
2)分散在阻火装置 4边缘的火焰和气溶胶烟雾沿着灭火装置筒壁向灭火装 置顶盖 6扩散, 并被顶盖 6阻挡形成涡流, 使火焰动能产生衰减;
3 )形成涡流的气溶胶烟雾从喇叭口 43上的过烟孔 44进入阻火装置 4和顶 盖之间的空腔, 当空腔中的气压超过顶盖的喷口处的密封塞的承受能力时, 就 会将密封塞冲出, 从顶盖 6的喷口喷出来, 进行灭火。
参见图 1和图 2, 本实施例的阻火装置 4由阻火挡板 41、 引流壁 42和喇叭 口 43联接构成。
具体是: 阻火挡板 41采用耐高温、 耐腐蚀的钢板制成, 其直径小于灭火装 置的药筒内径, 在阻火挡板 41的外边沿与引流壁 42联接, 引流壁 42向外倾斜 设置, 与阻火挡板 41之间形成一定的角度, 引流壁 42的外直径大于阻火挡板 41的直径小于药筒的内径, 即引流壁 42的最大直径小于药筒的内径, 使得引流 壁 42与药筒壁之间有一定的间隙, 火焰和烟雾会随着间隙进入喇叭口 43与灭 火装置顶盖之间的空腔, 被顶盖阻挡后形成涡流, 喇叭口 43 倒扣在引流壁 42 的上方, 与引流壁 42之间形成一个空腔, 在喇叭口 43的边沿处设置有缺口,
形成本实施例的过烟孔 44。
为了便于安装, 本实施例的阻火挡板 41、 引流壁 42和喇叭口 43为一体式 结构。
使用时, 本实施例的阻火装置 4是设置在灭火装置的药筒内, 临近喷口的 位置, 即在灭火装置的药筒内依次设置烟火药剂药柱 1、 点火药包 2、 冷却层 3 以及阻火装置 4,在药柱 1和点火药包 2的外部与药筒内壁之间还设置有隔热层 5, 在药筒的顶端设置顶盖 6, 当启动灭火装置的启动控制器, 点燃点火药包 2, 随即引燃烟火药剂药柱 1, 即烟火药剂引燃后产生大量的气溶胶烟雾和火焰, 穿 过冷却层 3, 经过冷却层 3冷却后火焰的热量大幅减小, 再经过阻火装置 4的阻 挡, 火焰的热量损耗严重, 无法从顶盖喷出, 但是气溶胶烟雾会随着孔隙过流, 在阻火装置 4的喇叭口 43积聚, 从而从顶盖 6的喷口喷放, 实现灭火。
实施例 2
本实施例的阻火挡板 41是中间突起的圆弧形界面结构, 与引流壁 42联接 形成一个圆锥体结构, 采用镀锌钢材质制成, 其他的部件及其连接关系同实施 例 1相同。
实施例 3
本实施例的阻火挡板 41是凹面结构,与引流壁 42联接形成界面为" W"形结 构, 其他的部件及其连接关系同实施例 1相同。
实施例 4
本实施例的喇叭口 43的较小直径端与顶盖悍接联接为一体结构, 在喇叭口 43的边沿加工有缺口, 使得喇叭口 43与引流壁 42拼接处形成过烟孔 44, 其他 的部件及其联接关系同实施例 1。
虽然本发明已参照如上所述的具体实施例来描述, 但本技术领域的普通技 术人员应当认识到, 以上实施例仅是用以说明本发明而不是限制本发明, 只要 在本发明的实质精神范围内对上述实施例的变化、 变型都应落入本申请的权利 要求书请求保护的范围。
Claims
1、 一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法, 其特征在于包括以下歩骤:
1 )在灭火气溶胶的喷射方向上设置阻火装置, 通过阻火装置将烟火药剂燃 烧产生的火焰小部分阻挡, 剩余大部分火焰被引流向其边缘分散;
2) 分散至阻火装置边缘的火焰和气溶胶烟雾沿灭火装置筒壁向顶盖扩散, 并被顶盖阻挡形成涡流;
3 )形成涡流的气溶胶烟雾从阻火装置的孔隙进入阻火装置和顶盖之间的空 腔, 使空腔内气压持续升高, 当超过顶盖的喷口承压能力时, 从喷口喷出。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法,其特征在于:歩骤(1 ) 中所述阻火装置底部设置有阻火挡板 (41 ), 中部设有引流壁 (42), 所述引流 壁 (42) 倾斜设置在阻火挡板 (41 ) 的外沿。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的气溶胶灭火器的阻火方法, 其特征在于: 所述阻 火装置还包括喇叭口 (43 ), 歩骤 (3 ) 中所述阻火装置中部的孔隙设置在喇叭 口 (43 ) 上, 所述喇叭口 (43 ) 直径较大的一端与引流壁 (42) 联接。
4、 一种气溶胶灭火器的阻火装置, 其特征在于: 所述阻火装置包括阻火挡 板(41 )和引流壁(42); 所述引流壁(42)倾斜设置在阻火挡板 (41 ) 的外沿。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的阻火装置, 其特征在于: 所述阻火装置还包括喇 叭口 (43 ), 喇叭口的直径较大的一端与引流壁 (42) 联接; 在喇叭口 (43 ) 上 加工过烟孔 (44)。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的阻火装置, 其特征在于: 所述阻火挡板 (41 ) 与 引流壁 (42) 之间是密封联接。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的阻火装置, 其特征在于: 所述阻火挡板 (41 ) 是 板状或者圆弧面形状。
8、 根据权利要求 5至 7中任一项所述的阻火装置, 其特征在于: 所述阻火 挡板 (41 )、 引流壁 (42) 以及喇叭口 (43 ) 加工为一体式结构。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的阻火装置, 其特征在于: 所述阻火挡板 (41 ) 的 直径小于引流壁 (42) 的最大直径, 引流壁 (42) 的最大直径小于灭火装置药 筒的直径。
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JP2009160382A (ja) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-07-23 | Hochiki Corp | 発煙消火装置 |
CN201324458Y (zh) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-10-14 | 周建国 | 低温型热气溶胶自动灭火装置 |
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