WO2013185270A1 - 跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置 - Google Patents

跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置 Download PDF

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WO2013185270A1
WO2013185270A1 PCT/CN2012/076681 CN2012076681W WO2013185270A1 WO 2013185270 A1 WO2013185270 A1 WO 2013185270A1 CN 2012076681 W CN2012076681 W CN 2012076681W WO 2013185270 A1 WO2013185270 A1 WO 2013185270A1
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heat exchange
photoelectric
plano
convex lens
light collecting
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PCT/CN2012/076681
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English (en)
French (fr)
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于良
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Yu Liang
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/076681 priority Critical patent/WO2013185270A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

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  • the invention relates to the field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a device capable of tracking concentrated sunlight and combining solar photoelectric conversion and photothermal conversion to generate energy simultaneously.
  • a photoelectric photothermal combined production device for tracking concentrating solar energy is a photoelectric photothermal combined production device for tracking concentrating solar energy.
  • Solar energy which is increasingly valued worldwide, is a huge and pollution-free source of natural energy, especially without generating greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. It can generate electrical energy through the photoelectric effect, or it can generate thermal energy through the thermal effect of its radiation.
  • the efficiency of photoelectric conversion to generate electricity is still very low, and the utilization rate is generally 20 About %, and the production cost of various types of photoelectric conversion components is high, which limits the large-scale development of solar photovoltaic applications; the utilization rate of solar thermal effects is high, and the conversion device is relatively simple, but to use its thermal energy to generate electricity, Additional equipment for power generation must be added, the cost involved is also high, and overall efficiency is low.
  • the design concept of the present invention is to use a plano-convex lens to converge the sunlight and project it onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel.
  • the sunlight illuminates the plano-convex lens
  • the direct portion thereof is concentrated, and the concentrated beam forms a strip-shaped focusing spot near the focus of the plano-convex lens, which is in the same shape.
  • the strip of photovoltaic panels is placed at the spot. If the width of the plano-convex lens is N of the width of the photovoltaic panel Double, then the light intensity at the focal spot is also about N times that of sunlight, and the output power of the photovoltaic panel is also increased to N. Times.
  • the present invention uses a V having a high reflectivity metal plating on the inner surface.
  • the reflective diffuser has an open bottom and is located between the plano-convex lens and the photovoltaic panel.
  • the scattered light that has been concentrated by the plano-convex lens is projected onto the inner surface of the light collecting groove at different angles. After multiple reflections, it is finally concentrated on the photocell plate at the bottom of the light collecting groove, and the light intensity is also about N of the original scattered light intensity. Double, so that the direct and scattered light of sunlight can be strengthened and concentrated on the photovoltaic panel, which significantly increases the light intensity of the surface of the photovoltaic panel and increases the electrical power of its output current.
  • the photovoltaic panel When the photovoltaic panel is exposed to sunlight enhanced by convergence, the temperature rises and it can be used as an electric heating element.
  • An electrically insulating but thermally conductive film is disposed on the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel, and a metal heat exchange tube is disposed under the film.
  • the tube serves as a support for mounting the photovoltaic panel and as a heat conductor for the heat exchange process, and is also a water guiding and storage device. Water pipe.
  • the heat exchange tube directly exchanges the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel to the water in the pipeline, and becomes a photothermal receiver of the solar radiation. Since the sunlight is concentrated, the hot water has the advantage of rapid heating.
  • the heat exchange tube is provided with a rotating shaft which can be rotated to make the plano-convex lens connected thereto face the direct direction of sunlight, thereby making full use of solar energy.
  • a rotating shaft which can be rotated to make the plano-convex lens connected thereto face the direct direction of sunlight, thereby making full use of solar energy.
  • the present invention is an improvement based on the tracking of concentrating solar thermal light fixtures.
  • the present invention provides a technical solution comprising: a light collecting groove with a highly reflective inner surface and a sun tracking device, a heat exchange tube, and a rotating shaft, an outlet pipe and an inlet pipe installed at both ends of the heat exchange tube.
  • the utility model further comprises a plano-convex lens disposed at an uppermost position of the light collecting groove, and a photovoltaic panel disposed at a focus below the plano-convex lens, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed together with the heat exchange tube via an electrically insulating film, wherein the collecting groove is V
  • the bottom is an open structure and is located above the photovoltaic panel and is fixed on the heat exchange tube.
  • the plano-convex lens has a long cylindrical shape and is a long cylindrical cylindrical lens.
  • the invention enhances the intensity of sunlight projected on the surface of the photovoltaic panel by tracking and concentrating the sunlight, greatly increasing the photocurrent and electric power outputted by the photovoltaic panel, and greatly reducing the input cost of the photovoltaic device.
  • the photovoltaic panel is used as a heating element, the photoelectric conversion is utilized 20
  • the remaining 80% of the energy after % is reused as much as possible by photothermal conversion, that is, the combination of photovoltaic and photothermal effects on solar energy can greatly improve the total utilization of solar energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the present invention.
  • the invention preferably uses a heat exchange tube 5 of 1 m in length and a plano-convex lens 1 of the same length, and a V-shaped reflective collecting trough 2 And strip of photovoltaic panels 3 Form a photoelectric, photothermal conversion component.
  • a plurality of identical such components are arranged in a number of selectable arrays to form a set of photovoltaic photothermal combined generating devices for tracking concentrating solar energy.
  • the invention can pass the water outlet pipe 8
  • the heated hot water is sent out to the external insulated water storage device, but since the hot water is heated up quickly, the heat exchange tube 5 itself can be used as a hot water storage tank.
  • a photoelectric photothermal combined generating device for tracking concentrating solar energy comprising a collecting groove 2 with a highly reflective inner surface And a sun tracking device, a heat exchange tube 5, and a rotating shaft 7 installed at both ends of the heat exchange tube 5, an outlet pipe 8 and an inlet pipe 9, characterized in that it further comprises a plano-convex lens 1 disposed at the uppermost portion of the collecting groove 2. And a photovoltaic panel 3 disposed at a focus below the plano-convex lens 1, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed to the heat exchange tube 5 via the electrically insulating film 4, the collection groove 2 being V
  • the bottom portion is an open structure and is located above the photovoltaic panel 3 and is fixed to the heat exchange tube 5.
  • the plano-convex lens 1 is a long cylindrical shape and is a long cylindrical cylindrical lens.
  • a heat insulating sleeve 6 is arranged at the junction of the light collecting tank 2 and the heat exchange tube 5.
  • the rotating shaft 7 of the above-mentioned solar tracking device is rotated so that the plano-convex lens 1 is directed to the direction of direct sunlight, and the direct light of the sunlight is convexly convex lens 1 After being concentrated, the light is projected onto the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 3 at the focus.
  • the scattered light of the sunlight is also reflected by the plano-convex lens 1 and then reflected by the concentrating groove 2, and is also projected onto the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 3.
  • the photovoltaic panel 3 is projected.
  • the electric power of the output is increased, and under the enhanced illumination, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 3 itself is rapidly increased and conducted to the water in the heat exchange tube 5, and the heated water can be directly used through the outlet pipe 8.
  • the invention greatly reduces the input cost of the photoelectric equipment, and its standard basic unit structure is very convenient for large-scale production, and can be conveniently assembled and used from different power stations to household facilities.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置，包括内表面为高反射的集光槽（2）与太阳跟踪装置、热交换管（5）及安装在该热交换管（5）两端的转动轴（7）、出水管（8）和进水管（9），其特征在于还包括安置集光槽（2）最上方的平凸透镜（1），和安置在平凸透镜（1）下方焦点处的光电池板（3），且光电池板（3）经由电绝缘薄膜（4）与热交换管（5）固定在一起，所述的集光槽（2）是V形且底部为开放式的结构体，集光槽（2）位于光电池板（3）的上方并固定在热交换管（5）上。本发明大大增强了投射在光电池板表面的太阳光强度，而增大了光电池板的输出功率，降低了光电设备的投入成本。使光热与光电利用联合同步进行，显著提高了太阳能的利用率，且经过汇聚的太阳光又使热交换管中的水在短时间内达到较高的温度。

Description

跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能利用领域，特别涉及一种能跟踪汇聚太阳光、并将太阳能光电转换与光热转换联合进行进而同步产生能量的装置― 跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置。
 背景技术
越来越受到全世界重视的太阳能是自然界巨大而且无污染的能源，尤其是不产生如二氧化碳等温室气体。它可以通过光电效应产生电能，也可以通过其辐射的热效应产生热能。
技术问题
但是目前光电转换产生电能的效率仍很低，利用率一般在20 ％左右，而各类光电转换元器件的生产成本又较高，限制了太阳能光电应用的大规模发展；太阳能热效应的利用率较高，转换装置也比较简单，但是要想利用其热能来发电，则必须增加用来发电的附加设备，需投入的成本也较高，且总体效率也较低。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置，以弥补现有太阳能利用技术的不足。
本发明的设计构思是用平凸透镜将太阳光汇聚后投射到光电池板表面，当阳光照射到平凸透镜时其直射部分受到汇聚，汇聚光束于平凸透镜下方焦点附近形成条形聚焦光斑，与其形状一致的条状光电池板就放置在该光斑处。如果平凸透镜的宽度为光电池板宽度的N 倍，那么同时在焦面光斑处的光照强度也约为太阳光的N 倍，光电池板的输出功率也提升至N 倍。至于太阳光中非直射的散射光，也通过平凸透镜汇聚后向下方辐射，但不能汇聚于焦点附近。对这一部分光的进一步汇聚，本发明 采用的是内表面有高反射率金属镀层的V 形反射式集光槽，其底部是开放的并位于平凸透镜和光电池板之间。经过平凸透镜汇聚后的散射光以不同角度投射到集光槽内表面上，经过多重反射最终也被汇聚到集光槽底部的光电池板上，其光照强度也约为原散射光强的N 倍，从而使太阳光的直射与散射光都能被加强并汇聚到光电池板上，显著提高了光电池板表面的光照强度，加大其输出电流的电功率。
光电池板受到因汇聚而增强的太阳光辐射后，温度会升高，其本身就可作为一种电热元件。在光电池板的下表面设置一层电绝缘但导热的薄膜，薄膜下方有金属热交换管，该管既作为安装光电池板的支撑体，又作为热交换过程的导热体，同时也是导水与贮水的管道。热交换管直接将光电池板产生的热量交换给管道中的水，成为太阳辐射的光热接收器，因为对太阳光进行了聚光，所以产生热水具有升温快的优点。热交换管装有转动轴，可以通过转动使与之相连的平凸透镜朝向太阳光的直射方向，从而充分利用太阳能。这样就实现了光电、光热同时产生和利用的目的，即创造了整体提高太阳能利用率和方便使用的条件。
本发明是在跟踪聚光太阳能的光热装置的基础上进行的改进。
为了实观上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：包括内表面为高反射的集光槽与太阳跟踪装置、热交换管及安装在该热交换管两端的转动轴、出水管和进水管，其特征在于还包括安置集光槽最上方的平凸透镜，和安置在平凸透镜下方焦点处的光电池板，且光电池板经由电绝缘薄膜与热交换管固定在一起，所述的集光槽是V 形且底部为开放式的结构体，且位于光电池板的上方并固定在热交换管上。
所述的平凸透镜呈长柱形，是一个长柱形的柱面透镜。
 有益效果
鉴于以上情况，本发明通过对太阳光的跟踪和聚光增强了投射在光电池板表面的太阳光强度，大大增大了光电池板输出的光电流及电功率，大幅降低了光电设备的投入成本。同时由于将光电池板作为加热元件，把光电转换利用了20 ％的能量之后剩下的80 ％部分再通过光热转换尽量利用起来，即把光电、光热效应对太阳能的利用结合起来，能大幅度提高太阳能总的利用率。
并且经过汇聚的太阳光又使热交换管中的水在短时间内达到较高的温度。
 附图说明
图1 为本发明总体结构的纵剖面示意图。
图2 为本发明总体结构的横剖面示意图。
其中，1 、平凸透镜，2 、集光槽，3 、光电池板，4 、电绝缘薄膜，5 、热交换管，6 、保温套，7 、转动轴，8 、出水管，9 、进水管。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明优选采用长为1 米的热交换管5 及同样长度的平凸透镜1 ，以及V 形反射式集光槽2 和条状的光电池板3 组成一个光电、光热转换部件。多个相同的这种的部件排列成数量可选定的列阵，形成一套跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置。本发明可以通过出水管8 将加热后的热水送出至外接的保温贮水器，但因热水升温快，热交换管5 本身即可作为热水的保温贮水器。
 本发明的实施方式
如图1 所示，一种跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置，包括内表面为高反射的集光槽2 与太阳跟踪装置、热交换管5 及安装在该热交换管5 两端的转动轴7 、出水管8 和进水管9 ，其特征在于还包括安置在集光槽2 最上方的平凸透镜1 ，和安置在平凸透镜1 下方的焦点处的光电池板3 ，且光电池板3 经由电绝缘薄膜4 与热交换管5 固定在一起，所述的集光槽2 是V 形且底部为开放式的结构体，且位于光电池板3 的上方并固定在热交换管5 上。所述的平凸透镜1 是呈长柱形，是长柱形的柱面透镜。
为了达到良好的保温效果，所述的集光槽2 与热交换管5 的连接处设有保温套6 。
上述太阳跟踪装置的转动轴7 通过转动使平凸透镜1 对准太阳直射的方向，太阳光的直射光被平凸透镜1 汇聚后投射到焦点处的光电池板3 的上表面，太阳光的散射光通过平凸透镜1 又经聚光槽2 多次反射后也被投射到光电池板3 的上表面，该光电池板3 的输出的电功率提高，在增强的光照辐射下，光电池板3 本身的温度迅速升高并传导至热交换管5 中的水中，加热后的水经出水管8 可以直接使用。
 工业实用性
本发明大幅降低了光电设备的投入成本，它的标准基本单元结构非常便于规模化生产，从大型电站到家用设施等不同的系统都可以方便的组装使用。
 序列表自由内容

Claims (1)

  1. 1 ．一种跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置，包括内表面为高反射的集光槽（2 ) 与太阳跟踪装置、热交换管（5 ）及安装在该热交换管（5 ）两端的转动轴（7 ）、出水管（8 ）和进水管（9 ) ，其特征在于还包括安置在集光槽（2 ）最上方的平凸透镜（1 ) ，和安置在平凸透镜（1 ）下方焦点处的光电池板（3 ) ，且光电池板（3 ）经由电绝缘薄膜（4 ）与热交换管（5 ）固定在一起，所述的集光槽（2 ）是V 形且底部为开放式的结构体，该集光槽（2 ）位于光电池板( 3 ）的上方并固定在热交换管（5 ）上。
    2 ．如权利要求1 所述的跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置，其特征在于所述的平凸透镜（1 ）是呈长柱形。
    3 ．如权利要求1 所述的跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置，其特征在于所述的集光槽（2 ）与热交换管（5 ）的连接处设有保温套（6 ）。
PCT/CN2012/076681 2012-06-10 2012-06-10 跟踪聚光太阳能的光电光热联合产生装置 WO2013185270A1 (zh)

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Citations (3)

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