WO2013181988A1 - 地址分配系统 - Google Patents

地址分配系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013181988A1
WO2013181988A1 PCT/CN2013/075861 CN2013075861W WO2013181988A1 WO 2013181988 A1 WO2013181988 A1 WO 2013181988A1 CN 2013075861 W CN2013075861 W CN 2013075861W WO 2013181988 A1 WO2013181988 A1 WO 2013181988A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
address
dynamic
gateway
socket
controlled device
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PCT/CN2013/075861
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈梓平
Original Assignee
Chen Ziping
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Publication of WO2013181988A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013181988A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50Address allocation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an address allocation method, and more particularly to a method of allocating addresses to a plurality of smart devices based on a fixed address and a dynamic ID in a smart home network environment.
  • Smart home is a residential platform, using integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, smart home - system design security technology, automatic control technology, audio and video technology to integrate home life related facilities, build efficient residential facilities and family schedule
  • the transaction management system enhances home safety, convenience, comfort, and artistry, and achieves an environmentally friendly and energy-saving living environment.
  • the DHCP protocol is a TCP/IP standard that simplifies device IP management.
  • DHCP is divided into two parts: a DHCP server and a DHCP client.
  • Each device on a TCP/IP network must have a unique IP address, and the IP address is primarily used to represent the device and its connected subnet.
  • the DHCP protocol-based DHCP server allows each device on the network to be on the local network.
  • the IP address database of the server assigns an IP address to the DHCP client, so that it is not necessary to manually configure each device, which is beneficial to prevent IP address allocation.
  • IP addresses must be used in TCP/IP networks.
  • IPv4 addresses are experiencing exhaustion and are transitioning to IPv6. Therefore, the IPv4-based smart home environment still faces insufficient address, and the IPv6 address allocation is too complicated, and it is not widely promoted, and is not suitable for the distribution of smart devices.
  • the smart home field is more about adopting a method of directly assigning a specific non-IP address to a smart device.
  • DALI Digital Addressable Lighting Interface
  • CEBUS Compact Disc-Read Only Memory
  • EIB EIB
  • the DALI protocol Digital Addressable Lighting Interface
  • the main controller needs to send the random number generation command RANDOMISE, and each controlled device will generate a 24-bit random number.
  • the master controller starts sending a 24-bit data of its own and a 24-bit random number generated by each controlled device for comparison, and then finds the smallest random number of controlled devices. At this time, the device is assigned a unique address that is not assigned. Obviously, this requires that the 24-bit random number generated by each controlled device cannot be the same and cannot be equal to 0 and FFFFFF. This is also the main difficulty of DALI protocol address allocation. Various complicated algorithms are used in the prior art to ensure the above 24-bit. The uniqueness of a random number.
  • smart home networks usually need access to devices with intelligent functions that can interact with the gateway, while existing devices without intelligent functions cannot be used in smart home networks, such as address allocation.
  • the present invention provides a smart device address allocation method, wherein a smart home network includes a gateway, an address distribution device, and at least one controlled device, and a socket connecting the gateway and the controlled device, the method Includes:
  • the address allocation is set to the socket to send a notification message to the gateway, where the notification message includes a fixed address of the controlled device;
  • the gateway After receiving the first notification message, the gateway allocates a dynamic address to the socket;
  • the gateway sends an allocation message to the socket, where the allocation message includes the dynamic address
  • the socket stores the dynamic address therein after receiving the allocation message, and uses the dynamic address as the communication address in future communications.
  • the controlled device replaces the address assignment into the socket, and communicates with the net.
  • the fixed address comprises a barcode of the controlled device.
  • the fixed address further includes a batch code of the controlled device.
  • the fixed address further includes a serial number of the controlled device.
  • the fixed address packet carries the body code of the address distribution device.
  • the fixed address further includes information of the socket. Further, the dynamic address is randomly assigned by the gateway.
  • the gateway is connected to the socket through the 485 bus.
  • Figure 4 shows the specific address allocation process after entering the smart home network.
  • Fig. 1 shows the specific structure of the Zhihui home network disclosed in the present invention, which mainly includes a digital home smart gateway inside the home.
  • the gateway connects various smart devices through a bus switch, an Ethernet bus, and a 485 bus.
  • Figure 2 shows the device address structure in the smart home system disclosed in the present invention.
  • the device address is divided into a fixed address and a dynamic ID address.
  • the fixed address is solidified in the memory chip before the device leaves the factory, and the dynamic ID address is the address assigned by the gateway as the communication of the node after the device accesses the bus for the first time.
  • the device fixed address is the unique ID number of each device, which can be composed of one or several of the device type, the barcode of the device, the batch code of the device, and the serial number of the device. This addressing method will ensure the uniqueness of each device in different scenarios.
  • Fig. 3A shows the first embodiment, if the controlled device is only unique in the smart home network, such as gate access. Then the device fixed address can only include the device type code and the barcode of the device.
  • Fig. 3B shows a second embodiment.
  • the fixed address of the device may include only the «type code, the barcode of the device, and the code of the device.
  • Figure 3C shows a third embodiment, if the controlled device cannot be uniquely determined by the lot and barcode, such as a lighting device.
  • the fixed address of the device may include a device type code, a barcode of the device, and a set-down code, and a device serial number.
  • the device fixed address including the device fixed address is composed of 17 bytes, wherein the first byte is set to «type, then 12 bytes is the barcode of the device, and then 2 words are added.
  • the section indicates the batch number of the device, and the last two bytes indicate the serial number of the device.
  • different fields can be assigned different numbers of bytes according to specific needs.
  • the bytes representing the corresponding class can be removed, thereby constituting a shorter device fixed address.
  • the dynamic ID address of the device is determined by the home gateway.
  • the length can be determined by the actual application scenario, such as the total number of devices.
  • the dynamic ID address is composed of 2 bytes, then a total of 65536 device dynamic ID addresses can be represented from 0x00 to Oxfflff, since the dynamic id address is only two bytes, which is very short, in the same smart home network.
  • the internal address is also sufficient, so using this address as the communication address of each device on the bus can reduce the communication time, reduce the probability of data collision, and greatly improve the communication efficiency.
  • other lengths can also be used, for example 1 or more bytes in length to 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 force state IDo
  • Figure 4 shows the specific address allocation process after the device is connected to the smart home network.
  • the device when the device is powered on for the first time, the device sends a fixed address notification message to the gateway, where the notification message includes the fixed address of the device. Then, after receiving the notification message, the gateway performs necessary verification. Then, according to the system settings, the device is assigned a unique dynamic ID address, which can be randomly assigned by the system or specified by the user; then, the gateway sends a dynamic ID allocation message to the device; then the device receives the dynamic ID. After the message is allocated, the dynamic ID is stored therein, and the dynamic id address is used as the communication address in subsequent communications. In addition, the dynamic ID address can also be manually modified by the user at the gateway.
  • the device barcode uniquely determines the type of equipment, and the batch code of the device uniquely determines the production batch of the device, and the device serial number uniquely determines the production order of the device, this makes the fixed address of the device unique. Determining a device, and the gateway generates a shorter dynamic ID address based on the unique fixed address, so that the device address used in the actual communication is easier to handle, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • Figure 5 shows the scenario of address assignment by address allocation device.
  • the gateway is connected to the outlet by wire or wirelessly.
  • the socket contains a module capable of communicating with the gateway.
  • the address distribution device of the interface is connected to the socket for address allocation before the controlled device is connected to the outlet.
  • the device may only have a bar code, but there is no function capable of storing a dynamic address or communicating with a gateway, such as some luminaires. Then, it is necessary to rely on the external device for the auxiliary address allocation, and at the same time, the dynamic address is stored in the connection of the connected controlled device. On the seat.
  • the current information of the device on the external address distribution device such as the number of the bedroom, the living room outlet, and the address assignment setting one or several of the category code, barcode, batch code, serial number of the controlled device And combined into a fixed address of the controlled device.
  • the address distribution device is involved in the outlet to communicate with the network management.
  • the address assigning device sends a body code (for example, 00001) and current location information, and a fixed address of the controlled device to the gateway;
  • the gateway assigns a unique dynamic ID address according to the body code, the current information, and the system settings, and the dynamic ID address can be randomly assigned by the system or specified by the user;
  • the gateway sends the dynamic ID packet to the corresponding socket according to the current information, and the socket stores the dynamic ID after receiving the dynamic ID allocation message, and uses the dynamic id address as the communication address in subsequent communication.
  • the dynamic ID address can also be manually modified by the user at the gateway.
  • the controlled device connected to the outlet can communicate with the intelligent gateway through this socket.
  • the controlled device may not have a bar code, and it is necessary to rely on the external device for the auxiliary address allocation while storing the dynamic address on the socket of the connected controlled device.
  • the current information of the device on the external address distribution device such as the number of the bedroom, guest room outlet.
  • the address assignment device intervenes in the outlet to communicate with the gateway.
  • the address distribution device sends the body code and (for example, 00001) and the current information as a fixed address of the controlled device to the gateway;
  • the gateway After receiving the notification message, the gateway then allocates a unique dynamic ID address according to the fixed address and the system, and the dynamic ID address may be randomly assigned by the system or specified by the user;
  • the gateway sends the dynamic ID packet to the corresponding socket according to the current information, and the socket stores the dynamic ID after receiving the dynamic ID allocation message, and uses the dynamic id address as the communication address in subsequent communication.
  • the dynamic ID address can also be manually modified by the user at the gateway.
  • the controlled device accessing the outlet can communicate with the intelligent gateway through this socket.
  • Figure ⁇ shows the module structure of the socket, including a first receiving module for receiving information from the address distribution device; a sending module, sending a notification message to the gateway, wherein the notification message includes information sent by the address distribution device;
  • the receiving module is configured to receive an allocation message sent by the gateway, where the allocation message includes a dynamic address allocated by the gateway for the controlled device, and the first storage module is configured to store the dynamic address in the allocated message.

Abstract

本发明涉及一种地址分配方法。该方法包括在受控设备接入网络之前,首先由地址分配设备接入插座向网关发送通知报文;网关收到此通知报文后根据系统设置给受控设备分配一个唯一的动态ID地址;然后网关发送动态ID分配报文给插座;接着在插座收到动态ID分配报文后将其中动态ID存储起来,并在以后的通信中都用该动态id地址作为受控设备的通信地址。通过该方法,使得地址分配变得简单高效,进而提高了通信效率,并且使得一些不具备智能功能的设备都能够接入智能家居网络。

Description

地址分配方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种地址分配方法, 并且尤其涉及在智能家居网络环境 内, 根据固定地址和动态 ID为多个智能设备分配地址的的方法。 背景
智能家居是以住宅为平台, 利用综合布线技术、 网络通信技术、 智 能家居-系统设计方案安全防范技术、 自动控制技术、 音视频技术将家居 生活有关的设施集成, 构建高效的住宅设施与家庭日程事务的管理系统, 提升家居安全性、 便利性、 舒适性、 艺术性, 并实现环保节能的居住环 境。
而为了使智能家居环境中的各种智能设备发挥作用, 首先必须解决 为智能设备分配地址的问题, 现有技术中为智能设备分配地址的方式主 要有两种: 一种是由 DHCP (动态主机配置协议)为智能设备分配 IP地 址, 另一种贝隄通过智能网关直接为智能设备分配特定的非 IP地址。
DHCP协议是一种简化设备 IP管理的 TCP/IP标准, DHCP分为两个 部分: DHCP服务器和 DHCP客户端。 TCP/IP网络上的每台设备都必须 有唯一的 IP地址, 而 IP地址主要是用于表示设备及其连接的子网,基于 DHCP协议的 DHCP服务器允许网络中的每台设备从本地网络上的服务 器的 IP地址数据库中为本 DHCP客户端指派 IP地址, 从而无需对每台 设备进行手动配置, 有利于防止 IP地址分配。
然而由于 DHCP是基于 TCP/IP协议, 在 TCP/IP网络中又必须使用 IP地址, 目前由于 IPv4地址面临枯竭, 而正在向 IPv6过渡。 因此基于 IPv4的智能家居环境, 仍然面临地址不足的情况, 而 IPv6的地址的分配 又过于复杂, 且迟迟得不到广泛的推广, 不适用于智能设备的分配。
目前智能家居领域更多的是采用直接为智能设备分配特定的非 IP地 址的方法。 例如, 目前智能家居领域常见的 DALI, CEBUS, EIB标准, 其中各自定义了设备地址格式以及地址分配方法的私有协议。 DALI 协议 (数字可编址的照明接口 Digital Addressable Lighting Interface)是目前智能家居领域中的照明控制协议。 在 DALI协议中, 最 复杂部分就是主控制器给受控设备自动分配地址的过程, 其原理是主控 制器需要发送随机数产生命令 RANDOMISE, 各个受控设备会产生一个 24位的随机数,此后主控制器开始发送一个自己的 24位数据和每个受控 设备生成的 24位随机数进行比较, 进而找到最小随机数的受控设备, 这 时就给这个设备分配一个没有分配的唯一地址。 显然, 这就要求每个受 控设备产生的 24位随机数不能相同而且不能等于 0和 FFFFFF, 这也是 DALI协议地址分配主要难点,现有技术中采用了各种复杂的算法来保证 上述 24位随机数的唯一性。
此外, 智能家居网络通常都需要接入具有智能功能的, 可以与网关 进行交互的设备, 而现有的没有智能功能的设备将无法在智能家居网络 中使用, 例如不能进行地址分配。 发明内容
鉴于现有技术的缺点,本发明提供一种智能设备地址分配方法,其中 智會 ^家居网络包括网关, 地址分配设备, 以及至少一个受控设备, 以及连 接网关和受控设备的插座, 该方法包括:
(1)在受控设备第一次接入智能家居网络之前,地址分配设 入插 座向网关发送通知报文, 其中该通知报文包括受控设备的固定地址;
(2) 网关收到该第一通知报文后给该插座分配一个动态地址;
(3) 网关向该插座发送分配报文, 所述分配报文包括该动态地址;
(4)该插座收到分配报文后将其中的动态地址存储起来, 并在以后的 通信中都用该动态地址作为通信地址。
(5)受控设备取代地址分配设 入插座, 并画菌座与网細亍通 信。
进一步的, 其中该固定地址包括受控设备的条形码。
进一步的, 其中该固定地址还包括受控设备的批次代码。
进一步的, 其中该固定地址还包括受控设备的序号。
进一步的, 其中该固定地址包掛也址分配设备的机身代码。
进一步的, 其中该固定地址还包括插座的^ S信息。 进一步的, 其中该动态地址由网关随机分配。
进一步的, 其中该动态地址由手动指定。
进一步的, 其中网关与插座通 485总线连接起来。 附图说明
图 1 本申请适用的智能家居网络结构
图 2智能设备的地址编码格式
图 3 设备固定地址结构
图 4设^妾入智能家居网络后的具体地址分配流程
图 5聽也址分配设备进行地址分配
图 ό 插座的功能模块 具体实施力式
图 1显示了本发明公开的智會 ^家居网络的具体结构, 主要包括家庭内 部的数字家庭智能网关。网关通过总线交换机, 以太网总线, 485总线将各 种智能设备连接起来。
图 2显示了在本发明所公开的智能家居系统中的设备地址结构。 设备 地址分为固定地址及动态 ID地址, 固定地址在设备出厂前固化在存储芯片 中, 而动态 ID地址则是设备第一次接入总线后网关给予分配作为本节点通 信的地址。
设备固定地址即是每个设备的唯一身份证号码, 它可以由设备类型、 设备的条形码、 设备的批次代码、 以及设备的序号的其中一个或几个组合 起来构成。 这种编址方法在不同的场景下會 ^够能保证每个设备的唯一性。
图 3A表示了第一实施例, 如果受控设备在智能家居网络中仅有唯一 一个, 例如大门门禁。 那么设备固定地址可以只包括设备类型码和设备的 条形码。
图 3B表示了第二实施例,设备固定地址可以只包括设 «型码、设备 的条形码和设滅次码。
图 3C表示了第三实施例, 如果受控设备不能由批次和条形码唯一确 定, 例如照明设备。 那么设备固定地址可以包括设备类型码、 设备的条形 码和设搬欠码, 设备序号。 在第三实施例的情况下,设备固定地址包括设备固定地址由 17个字节 构成, 其中第一个字节是设 «型, 接着 12个字节是设备的条形码, 然后 加上 2个字节表示设备的批号, 最后两个字节表示设备的序号。 当然可以 根据具体需要为不同的字段分配不同的字节数。 在前两种实施例中, 可以 去掉表示相应类别的字节, 从而构成更短的设备固定地址。
而设备的动态 ID地址由家庭网关确定,其长度由可由于实际应用场景 决定,例如设备的总数量。在一个实施例中,动态 ID地址由 2个字节组成, 那么从 0x00到 Oxfflff总共可以表示 65536个设备动态 ID地址,由于动态 id 地址只有两个字节, 很简短, 在同一个智能家居网内地址也够用, 所以用 该地址作为总线上各设备的通信地址能减少通信时间, 降低数据冲突的几 率, 大大提高了通信效率。 当然, 也可以采用其他长度, 例如 1个或 3个 以上字节长度来¾¾力态 IDo
图 4显示了设备接入智能家居网络后的具体地址分配流程。 首先当设 备第一次上电接入网络时, 设备发送固定地址通知报文到网关, 其中该通 知报文包括设备的固定地址; 然后, 网关收到此通知报文后, 进行必要的 校验, 然后根据系统设置给设备分配一个唯一的动态 ID地址, 该动态 ID 地址可以由系统随机分配, 也可以由用户指定; 然后, 网关发送动态 ID分 配报文给设备; 接着在设备收到动态 ID分配报文后将其中动态 ID存储起 来, 并在以后的通信中都用该动态 id地址作为通信地址。此外, 动态 ID地 址也可以在网关由用户手动修改。
由于设备条形码唯一的确定了设备的种类, 而设备的批次码唯一确定 了设备的生产批次, 同时设备序号又唯一的确定了设备的生产顺序, 因此 这就使得设备的固定地址可以唯一的确定一台设备, 同时网关依据这个唯 一固定地址生成一个更短的动态 ID地址,那么 就使得实际通信中使用的 设备地址更容易处理, 从而提高通信效率。
图 5显示了通过地址分配设备进行地址分配的场景。 网关通过有线或 者无线连接到插座, 插座中包含了能够与网关进行通信的模块, 夕卜接的地 址分配设备在受控设备连接到插座前, 先连接到插座进行地址分配。
在第一实施例的情况下, 设备可能仅有条形码, 但是却没有能够存储 动态地址或者与网关进行通信的功能, 例如一些灯具。 那么这时就需要依 靠外部设备进行辅助地址分配, 同时将动态地址存储在连接受控设备的插 座上。
首先, 在外接的地址分配设备上设备当前的^ a信息, 例如卧室, 客 厅插座的编号, 以及地址分配设读取受控设备的类别代码, 条形码, 批次 代码, 序号中的一个或几个并组合为受控设备的固定地址。
其次, 地址分配设备介入插座, 从而与网管进行通信。 地址分配设备 发送机身代码(例如 00001)和当前的位置信息, 以及受控设备的固定地址 到网关;
再次, 网关收到此通知报文后, 然后根据机身代码, 当前^ a信息以 及系统设置分配一个唯一的动态 ID地址, 该动态 ID地址可以由系统随机 分配, 也可以由用户指定;
再次, 网关根据当前 信息发送动态 ID分酉 艮文给对应的插座,插 座在接收到动态 ID分配报文后将其中动态 ID存储起来, 并在以后的通信 中都用该动态 id地址作为通信地址。此外,动态 ID地址也可以在网关由用 户手动修改。
最后, 接入该插座的受控设备都可以通过这个插座与智能网关进行通 信。
在第二实施例的情况下, 受控设备可能连条形码都没有, 那么也必须 依靠外部设备进行辅助地址分配, 同时将动态地址存储在连接受控设备的 插座上。
首先, 在外接的地址分配设备上设备当前的^ a信息, 例如卧室, 客 厅插座的编号。
其次, 地址分配设备介入插座, 从而与网关进行通信。 地址分配设备 将机身代码以及 (例如 00001 )和当前的^ a信息作为受控设备的固定地址, 发送到网关;
再次, 网关收到此通知报文后, 然后根据该固定地址以及系统 分 配一个唯一的动态 ID地址, 该动态 ID地址可以由系统随机分配, 也可以 由用户指定;
再次, 网关根据当前 信息发送动态 ID分酉 艮文给对应的插座,插 座在接收到动态 ID分配报文后将其中动态 ID存储起来, 并在以后的通信 中都用该动态 id地址作为通信地址。此外,动态 ID地址也可以在网关由用 户手动修改。 最后, 接入该插座的受控设备都可以通过这个插座与智能网关进行通 信。
图 ό显示了插座的模块结构, 包括第一接收模块, 用于接 自地址 分配设备的信息; 发送模块, 向网关发送通知报文, 其中该通知报文包括 地址分配设备发送的信息; 第二接收模块, 用于接收由网关发送的分配报 文, 该分配报文包括网关为受控设备分配的动态地址; 第一存储模块, 用 于存储该分配报文中的动态地址。
可以理解的是, 本申请权利要求并不限于这些特定公开形式, 而是覆 盖了所有落入本发明的精神和范围之内的修改方式、等价方式和替换方式。

Claims

1、一种智能设备的地址分配方法, 其中智能家居网络包括网关,地址分配 设备, 以及至少一个受控设备, 以及连接网关和受控设备的插座, 该方法包括
(1 )在受控设备第一次接入智能家居网络之前,地址分配设^ ί妾入插座向 网关发送通知报文, 其中该通知报文包括受控设备的固定地址;
(2 ) 网关收到该第一通知报文后给该插座分配一个动态地址;
(3) 网关向该插座发送分配报文, 所述分配报文包括该动态地址;
(4)该插座收到分配报文后将其中的动态地址存储起来,并在以后的通信 中都用该动态地址作为通信地址。
(5)受控设备取代地址分配设 入插座, 并画菌座与网細亍通信。
2、如权利要求 1所述的智能家居网络中的地址分配方法,其中该固定地址 包括受控设备的条形码。
3、如权利要求 2所述的智能设备的地址分配方法,其中该固定地址还包括 受控设备的批次代码。
4,如权利要求 3所述的智能设备的地址分配方法,其中该固定地址还包括 受控设备的序号。
5,如权利要求 1所述的智能设备的地址分配方法,其中该固定地址包括地 址分配设备的机身代码。
6,如权利要求 5所述的智能设备的地址分配方法,其中该固定地址还包括 插座的 言息。
7、如权利要求 2-6中任一所述的智會 殳备的地址分配方法, 其中该动态地 址由网关随机分配。
8、如权利要求 2-6中任一所述的智會 殳备的地址分配方法, 其中该动态地 址由手动指定。
9、如权利要求 2-6中任一所述的智會 殳备的地址分配方法, 其中网关与插 座舰 485总线连接起来。
PCT/CN2013/075861 2012-06-08 2013-05-19 地址分配系统 WO2013181988A1 (zh)

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