WO2013176576A1

WO2013176576A1 - Radio engineering system

Info

Publication number: WO2013176576A1
Application number: PCT/RU2013/000212
Authority: WO
Inventors: Владимир Петрович ПАНОВ
Original assignee: Panov Vladimir Petrovich
Priority date: 2012-05-24
Filing date: 2013-03-18
Publication date: 2013-11-28
Also published as: RU2496271C1

Abstract

The radio engineering system makes it possible to determine unequivocally the spacial coordinates of a radio signal transmitting device with a high degree of precision in accordance with modern requirements. The system comprises N > 4 radio signal receiving radio engineering devices and includes a unit (8) for the preliminary establishment of not necessarily precise coordinates, in a given three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, of the phase center of a transmitting antenna of a device, a subsystem (5) for recording in a given time keeping system the moments in time at which radio signals are received by each of the radio signal receiving radio engineering devices, units (10, 11, 12) for the evaluation of inputted parameters, and a unit (13) for the determination of the spacial coordinates of an object using the simple expressions proposed. The system can be realized with the help of modern hardware components and microprocessor technology.

Description

Title of invention:

Radio system

Technical field

The invention relates to communication technology, and more particularly, to radio engineering systems for transmitting and receiving radio signals and extracting information in a receiving information system. Such systems include, in particular. radio navigation and radar systems, radio reconnaissance systems of radio equipment, radio surveillance of the Earth’s surface, etc. [1. Radio engineering systems / Yu.M. Kazarinov et al. Ed. Yu.M. Kazarinova. -M .: IC "Academy", 2008, p. 7]. The inventive radio engineering system comprises an information system including N receiving radio signals of radio engineering objects in an amount of at least four, stationary or mobile, with fixed or time-fixed coordinates of the antenna phase centers. The sources of radio signals can be radio engineering objects, stationary or mobile. The implementation of the system will make it possible, among other things, to determine the spatial coordinates of these radio engineering objects, and, if necessary, other trajectory characteristics depending on coordinates and time, simplify the corresponding information extraction systems, increase their technical and economic efficiency, taking into account all components that affect the cost and technical indicators.

State of the art

Known radio engineering systems for extracting information are used, inter alia, for determining the coordinates of radio engineering objects and are based on the use of goniometric, rangefinder, difference and total-rangefinder and combined methods for determining the location of an object with amplitude, time, frequency, phase and them- pulse-phase methods for measuring the parameters of the radio signal [Russian Patents JYOJ O 2018855, 2115137, 2258242, 2264598, 2309420, 2325666, 23631 17, 2371737, 2378660; Fundamentals of testing aircraft / E.I. Krinetsky et al. Ed. E.I. Krinetskogo.-M .: Mashinostr., 1979, p. 64-89; Radio-technical systems / Yu.M. azarinov and others. Ed. Yu.M. Kazarinova. -M .: IC "Academy", 2008, Ch. 10.; Melnikov Yu.P., Popov SV. Radio intelligence. Methods for assessing the effectiveness of the determination of radiation sources. - M .; Radio Engineering, 2008, Ch. 5]. Known systems have certain disadvantages, for example, the need for mechanical movement of the antenna system, the need for a priori information about the location of an object, the inability to unambiguously determine the coordinates of an object, and insufficient reliability. According to the criterion of minimum sufficiency, the closest analogue is a radio engineering system containing an information system including N radio-receiving radio signals in the amount of at least four, stationary or mobile, respectively, with coordinates x _n , y _n , z fixed or set in time _nt where n varies from 1 to N, in a given three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (Χ, Υ, Ζ), respectively, of the phase centers of their receiving antennas not located in the same plane, and performed with the possible the ability to preliminarily obtain the coordinates χο, γο, ζο of the phase center of the antenna transmitting the radio signals of a radio engineering object, stationary or mobile. Such a system is used in the well-known difference-range measuring method for determining the coordinates of an object [1. Radio engineering systems / Yu.M. Kazarinov et al. Ed. Yu.M. Kazarinova. -M .: IC "Academy", 2008, p.17-18, p.p. 7.1-7.4].

Disclosure of invention

In the proposed radio engineering system, the newly introduced blocks are made with the possibility, through the entered parameters b _k and form factors A _} , characterizing the location of the radio signal sources, determining spatial coordinates using simple expressions. Good- As a result, higher speed, uniqueness and accuracy of determination of coordinates are achieved.

An advantage of the claimed system compared to the known ones is the possibility of increasing the technical and economic efficiency of radio engineering complexes for determining spatial coordinates and other characteristics of an object functionally related to its coordinates, including ensuring the accuracy and reliability of their determination in accordance with with modern requirements.

In order to achieve the indicated technical result in accordance with the present invention, in a radio engineering system comprising an information system including N receiving radio signals of radio engineering objects in an amount of at least four, stationary or mobile, respectively, with fixed or time-set - the ordinates x „, y„, z _n , where n varies from 1 to N, in a given three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (Χ, Υ, Ζ), respectively, not located in the same plane of the phase centers of their receiving antennas, and in Performed with the possibility of preliminary obtaining the coordinates χο, γο, ζο of the phase center of the antenna of the radio signal transmitting radio signal of a radio object, stationary or mobile, the information system contains a registration subsystem functionally associated with the specified radio signal transmitting radio signal and with synchronization means and including N registration blocks moments of times of receiving a radio signal in a given reference system of time, one at each receiving radio signals radio engineering object, and p and the need vypolnen- Nye chance summing said moments of time, determine their average, exclusion from each time point of the average value and thus for the receiving moments of the times t _n, the information system includes a subsystem determining spatial coordinates χ, γ, ζ of the phase center of the transmitting antenna the signals of a radio engineering object, including, among other things, a unit for calculating the parameters d _n = vt _n , where υ is the propagation speed of radio signals functionally associated with the registration subsystem, a unit for obtaining coordinates χο, γο, ζο, a storage unit spatial coordinates x _n , y _n , z _n and the unit for calculating the parameters ϋ _η , ξ _η , η _η , θ _η , α Α _] , where C, are the distances between the point with the coordinates χο, γο, ζο and the coordinates of the phase centers receiving antennas x _n , y _n , z _n calculated in accordance with the expressions

ξ _η , η _η , θ _η are dimensionless parameters calculated in accordance with the expressions

a, dimensionless parameters, where the index varies from 1 to 6, calculated in accordance with the expressions

, are dimensionless parameters, where the index j varies from 0 to 6, calculated in accordance with the expressions

, = a a _g a _b + 2a _A a ₅ a ₆ -

А = а ₅ а ₆ - а а а _,, А, = а ₄ а ₆ - а ₂ , А ₆ = а _л а ₅ - а, а ₆ , (4) functionally connected with the block for preliminary obtaining of coordinates xo, yo, zo and the storage unit of the mentioned spatial coordinates x _n , y _n , z _n , wherein said subsystem for determining x, y, z contains a block for calculating the parameters b _k , where the index k varies from 1 to 3, in accordance with the expressions Nnn

Λ = ^ ΣΚ-Α,) £, -Σ (n = l (5)

N N N

functionally associated with the unit for calculating the parameters d _n and the specified unit for calculating the parameters Ό _η , ξ _η , η _η , θ _η , α _ί , Α _] , the unit for determining the parameters Δχ, Δ, Δζ mainly in accordance with the expressions Ax = + A ₄ b ₂ + A ₅ b ₃ ) / A ₀ , Au = + A _t b _l + A ₆ b ₃ ) / A ₀ , Az = (^, + A ₆ b ₁ + A ₃ b ₃ ) / A ₀ , ^ functionally connected with the block for calculating the parameters b _k and the block _for calculating the parameters ϋ _η , ξ _η , η _η , θ _η , α _ί , Α _] , the block for determining the adjusted spatial coordinates χ, γ, ζ of the phase center of the transmitting antenna indicates - a radio transmitter transmitting radio signals object in accordance with the expressions x = xo + Δχ, y = yo + y, ζ = ζο + Δζ, (7) functionally associated with the unit for determining the parameters Δχ, Δ, Δζπ block preliminary obtaining the coordinates xo, yo, zo, while the unit for determining the specified spatial coordinates x, y, z is functionally connected to the unit for transmitting information to consumers, including, if necessary, as a consumer, the above-mentioned radio signal transmitting radio object, if necessary, in the determination subsystem spatial coordinates x, y, z between the block a block for determining the specified spatial coordinates x, y, z and a unit for transmitting information to consumers, a repeating unit for determining the specified spatial coordinates x, y, z is introduced a specified number of times, functionally associated with the block for preliminary obtaining coordinates χο, γο, ζο and executed - with the possibility of transmitting the specified spatial coordinates HaTx, .y, z for use at each repetition as the coordinates xo, yo, zo in the block for preliminary obtaining the coordinates χο, γο, ζο. In the current level of technology, no sources of information have been identified that would contain information about systems of the same purpose with the indicated set of features.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The figure shows the inventive system. The radio engineering system 1 contains an information system 2, including N receiving radio signals of radio engineering objects in an amount of at least four, stationary or mobile, respectively, with fixed or given in time coordinates x _n , y _n , z _n , where n changes from 1 to N, in a given three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (Χ, Υ, Ζ), respectively, of the phase centers of their receiving antennas not located in the same plane. System 2 is made with the possibility of preliminary obtaining the coordinates χο, γο, ζο of the phase center of the antenna transmitting the radio signals of the radio engineering object 3, stationary or mobile, in the specified coordinate system. Information system 2 contains a registration subsystem 5, functionally connected with the indicated transmitting radio signals by the radio engineering object 3 and with synchronization means 4. Subsystem 5 includes Ν units for recording the times of reception of the radio signal in a given time reference system, one per each receiving radio signal of a radio engineering facility. If necessary, the subsystem 5 is configured to summarize the indicated times, determine their average value, exclude this average value from each moment of time, and thus obtain the recorded time moments t „. Information system 2 includes a subsystem 7 for determining the spatial coordinates x, y, z of the phase center of the antenna transmitting radio signals of a radio engineering object 3. Subsystem 7 includes, inter alia, a unit 6 for calculating the parameters d _n = vt _n , where υ is the the propagation velocity of radio signals, functionally associated with the registration subsystem 5, block 8 preliminary obtaining coordinates χο, γο, ζο, block 9 for storing the mentioned spatial coordinates x _n , y _n , z _n , block 10 for calculating the parameters D „, ξ _η , η _η , θ _η , α _ί , Α _] , functionally connected with block 8 and block 9. The subsystem 7 also comprises a unit 11 _for calculating the parameters b, operatively connected with the unit 6 and unit 10, determination unit 12 Δχ parameters, Δ, Δζ, operatively connected to block 11 and block 10, block 13, the refined determination of the spatial coordinates x, y z of the phase center of the transmitting antenna transmitting the radio signals of the radio object 3, functionally associated with block 12 and block 8. Moreover, block 13 is functionally connected with block 15 for transmitting information to consumers 16, including, if necessary, as a consumer, transmitting radio signals to radio engineering object 3. If necessary, to subsystem 7 between block 13 and in block 15, a block 14 for repeating the determination of refined spatial coordinates x, y, z is introduced a predetermined number of times, functionally associated with block 8 and configured to transmit refined spatial coordinates mnx, y, z for use with each repetition in the coordinates xo, yo, zo in block 8.

The implementation of the invention

The system 1 proposed and shown in the figure operates as follows. Radio engineering object 3, stationary or mobile, transmits radio signals. They are synchronously received by N radio engineering objects of information system 2 in an amount of at least four, stationary or mobile, respectively, with fixed or time-specified coordinates in the coordinate system x „, y„, z _n , where n varies from 1 to N, not located in the same plane of the phase centers of their receiving antennas. Information system 2 is made with the possibility of preliminary obtaining the coordinates xo, yo, zo of the phase center of the receiving antenna of the radio engineering object 3 in a given three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (Χ, Υ, Ζ), respectively. At the host for radio engineering objects, moments of radio signal reception times are recorded in a given reference frame of time by the registration subsystem 5, including N units for recording the indicated moments, one at each radio object receiving radio signals. If necessary, the registration subsystem 5 is capable of summing the indicated moments of time, determining their average value, eliminating this average value from each moment of time, and thus obtaining the recorded moments of time t „. Based on the thus recorded time instants t _n in block 6, the parameters d _n = ut _n are calculated, where υ is the propagation speed of the radio signals.

In subsystem 7 of the radio engineering system, through the previously mentioned coordinates of the phase center of the transmitting antenna of the transmitting radio engineering object χο, γο, ζο and the specified coordinates of the phase centers of the receiving antennas x „, y„, z „, the distances are initially calculated in block 10 D _n between the point with coordinates χο, γο, ζο and the coordinates of the phase centers of the receiving antennas x „, y„, z _n in accordance with expression (1). The indicated previously obtained coordinates χο, γο, ζο may have large deviations from the exact values of the coordinates of the object χ, γ, ζ, as will be shown by the example of the implementation of the system.

Using D _n and dimensionless parameters (2) in block 10, dimensionless parameters a, and A _} are calculated in accordance with expressions (3) and (4). Through the parameters d _n and the parameters determined in accordance with expressions (1) and (2), in block 11, the parameters b _k are calculated in accordance with expressions (5). Using b _k and A _j , the parameters Δχ, Δ, Δζ are determined in block 12 mainly in accordance with expressions (6), and through them and the coordinates χο, γο, ζο determine the refined spatial coordinates χ, γ, ζ of the phase center ne - a transmitting antenna transmitting radio signals of a radio engineering object 3 in accordance with expressions (7). Information thus obtained coordinates are transmitted to information consumers 16, including, if necessary, including a radio signal object 3 transmitting radio signals as an information consumer. If necessary, block 14 provides a sequential repetition of all initial actions a specified number of times, each time transmitting updated spatial coordinates x, y , z for using them at each repetition as the coordinates χο, γο, ζο in block 8 of preliminary obtaining the coordinates χο, γο, ζο.

We show the capabilities of the proposed radio system to extract information about the coordinates of the object. Consider the situation using the minimum possible number of radio signals receiving radio signals, namely, when using four satellites. The coordinates of the satellites x _n , y _n , z _n (in m) are given in table 1, taken from [2. Ryan Stansifer Exact solution of the a three dimensional hyperbolic positioning system. Department of Computer Sciences Florida Institute of Technology. Melbourne, Florida USA 32901. Ryan@fit.edu, 20 sept. 201 1]:

Table 1

For modeling, consider the situation in which a transmitting PA- diosignaly Radiotechnical object 3 is at the point with coordinates (a) x = 2.117912 × 10 ^6, y = _about -10 6.038289 ^6, ζ _ο6 = 4.46376-10 ^6. At the objects of the information system 2, the moments of the times of reception of radio signals t _n are recorded in a given time reference system. We introduce the errors of measuring the times t _n into not equal to At, = 1, At ₂ = 2, At ₃ = 5, At ₄ = -4, respectively. The measured / „, for convenience, centered relative to the average value of all moments, with the indicated measurement errors are equal (in not) /, = 2.000154002310% t ₂ = -1.151989981 1 - 10 ⁷ , t ₃ = 7.747360642610% t ₄ = 1.772385165710 ⁶ . The parameters d _n corresponding to these t _n are defined as d „= υί„, where υ = 0.299792458 m / ns.

As the previously obtained coordinates χθ, γθ, ζθ of the transmitting radio engineering object 3 in this example, the coordinates taken with deviations of tens of thousands of meters from the coordinates * _o6 , .y _o6 , z _o6

* 0 =

y0 = y _OB - 4 0 ^A , ΖΟ = Ζ _Ο6 + 2 Λ 0, Β Μ.

The obtained simulation results are presented in table 2, all in m.

table 2

From table 2 it follows that the claimed system allows already at the second stage to determine the coordinates of the object with deviations of several meters from the exact values of the coordinates (the previously obtained coordinates were set with deviations of tens of thousands of meters from the coordinates of the object x _about , at _about , _{about about} ). In practice, these deviations are associated with measurement errors t _n , because at the next stage, the refinement of these deviations occurs only at 4-6 decimal places and is less than mm.

Block 14 repeats the determination of the refined coordinates χ, γ, ζ for a specified number of times, including the number of times that can be set based on the condition that the subsequent values of the obtained coordinates differ from their previous values by no more than a given value . In practice, the claimed system allows, having information about the location of an object within a sufficiently large area (for example, a large city) with at least one point with known geodetic coordinates, to uniquely determine the coordinates of this object with errors determined only by the measurement error moments of times of receiving radio signals.

Industrial applicability

The inventive radio system provides:

- unambiguous extraction of information about the spatial coordinates of the object with great accuracy, corresponding to modern requirements,

- the ability to perform measurements with high speed using one of the well-known radio engineering methods and the existing elemental base and microprocessor technology,

- efficient use of the radio frequency spectrum,

- simultaneous determination of the coordinates of an unlimited number of radio engineering objects.

The effectiveness and efficiency of using the claimed system lies in the fact that it can be applied in practice for the development and improvement of radio engineering systems for determining, mainly, the coordinates of objects, as well as in other applications. The system allows you to determine the coordinates with greater reliability and more simply in comparison with known systems. Thus, the claimed system provides the emergence of new properties not achieved in analogues. The analysis made it possible to establish: analogues with a set of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution are absent, which indicates the conformity of the claimed system to the “novelty” condition.

Also, the popularity of the influence of the components provided for by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the specified result was not revealed. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the patentability condition “inventive step”.

Claims

Claim

A radio engineering system containing an information system including N receiving radio signals of radio engineering objects in an amount of at least four, stationary or mobile, respectively, with fixed or given in time coordinates x _n , y _n , z _n , where n varies from 1 to N, in a given three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (Χ, Υ, Ζ), respectively, not located in the same plane of the phase centers of their receiving antennas, and made with the possibility of preliminary obtaining the coordinates χο, γο, ζο of the phase center of the antennas transmitting radio signals of a radio engineering object, stationary or mobile, the information system contains a registration subsystem that is functionally connected with the specified transmitting radio signals radio engineering object and with synchronization means and includes Ν blocks for recording the moments of radio signal reception times in a given reporting system time, one at each receiving radio signals of the radio-technical object, and if necessary made with the possibility of summing the specified moments of time, determine dividing their average value, eliminating this average value from each moment in time and thus obtaining the recorded time moments t _n , the information system includes a subsystem for determining the spatial coordinates χ, γ, ζ of the phase center of the antenna transmitting radio signals of a radio object, containing including the unit for calculating the parameters _< „= υί _η , where υ is the propagation speed of radio signals functionally associated with the registration subsystem, the unit for preliminary obtaining the coordinates χο, γο, ζ ο, the storage unit for the mentioned spatial coordinates x _n , y „, z„ and the unit for calculating the parameters D _n ^ _n ^ _n , 0 _n , a _i , A _j , where C, are the distances between the points with the coordinates χο, γο, ζο and phase coordinates of the output centers of the receiving antennas x „, y„, z _n calculated in accordance with the expressions D _n =

, ξ „, η„, θ _η are dimensionless parameters calculated in accordance with the expressions ξ _η = (xo-x _n ) / D _n , V _n = {yo-y _n ) l D _n , θ _η = { zo-z _n ) l £> „, α, are dimensionless parameters, where the index varies from 1 to 6, calculated in accordance with the expressions

A _j are dimensionless parameters, where the index j varies from 0 to 6, calculated in accordance with the expressions Α ₀ = α _χ α ₂ α ₃ + 2αα ₅ α ₆ -ααΙ-α ₂ ί -α ₃ αΙ A _x = a ₂ a _3-a , A ₂ = a _] a _3-a ₅ ² , Α ₃ = αα ₂ -α], A ₄ = a ₅ a ₆ - a ₃ a _A , A ₅ = a _A a ₆ - a ₂ а ₅ , А ₆ = аа ₅ - а _х а ₆ , functionally connected with the block for preliminary obtaining coordinates xo, yo, zo and the storage unit for the mentioned spatial coordinates x _n , y _n , z _n , while the indicated subsystem x, y, z contains a block for calculating the parameters b _k , where the index k varies from 1 to 3, in accordance with the expressions

B = ΝΣ {ά „-Α) 4-Σ -Α,) Σ £ ,,

and = 1 l = 1 and = 1

functionally associated with the parameter calculation unit d _n and said parameter calculation unit D _n , ξ _η , η _η , θ _η , α _ί , Α _] , the parameter determination unit Δχ, Δ, Δζ mainly in accordance with the expressions Ax = (A ₁ b _L + A ₄ b ₂ + A ₅ b ₃ ) / A _Q , Au = (AB ₁ + A ₂ b ₂ + A ₆ b ₃ ) / A ₀ , Az = (A _i b _L + A ₆ b ₂ b ₃ + a ₃₎ / a ₀ operably linked to a parameter calculation block and the block b _in You are a numbers of parameters ϋ _η , ξ _η , η _η , θ _η , α _ί , Α _] , a unit for determining the specified spatial coordinates x, y, z of the phase center of the transmitting antenna of the indicated radio signal transmitting radio object in accordance with the expressions x = xo + x,, y = yo + Au, z = zo + Az, functionally connected with the block for determining the parameters ΔΧ, Δ ^, ΔΖ Η with the block for preliminary obtaining the coordinates xo, yo, zo, while the block for determining the specified spatial coordinates, y, z is functionally connected with the block of information transfer to consumers, including, including and the need, as a consumer, the said radio signal-transmitting radio object, if necessary, in the subsystem for determining the spatial coordinates x, y, z between the unit for determining the specified spatial coordinates x, y, z and the unit for transmitting information to consumers, a unit for repeating the definition of the specified spatial coordinates x, y, z a specified number of times, functionally associated with the block for the preliminary obtaining of coordinates χο, γο, ζο and made with the possibility of transmitting refined spatial ordinates x, y, z for using them at each repetition as coordinates xo, yo, zo in the block for preliminary obtaining coordinates xo, yo, zo.