WO2013176264A1 - 物質の濡れ性評価法 - Google Patents
物質の濡れ性評価法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013176264A1 WO2013176264A1 PCT/JP2013/064510 JP2013064510W WO2013176264A1 WO 2013176264 A1 WO2013176264 A1 WO 2013176264A1 JP 2013064510 W JP2013064510 W JP 2013064510W WO 2013176264 A1 WO2013176264 A1 WO 2013176264A1
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- liquid
- substance
- wettability
- dimension
- cell sheet
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/4833—Physical analysis of biological material of solid biological material, e.g. tissue samples, cell cultures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
- G01N2013/0208—Investigating surface tension of liquids by measuring contact angle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for evaluating the wettability (easiness of wetting) of the surface of a substance (object) such as a cell sheet or a culture dish, and an apparatus that can be used in the method.
- the mucosal epithelium is widely distributed in tissues such as the cornea and digestive tract.
- the mucosal epithelium has a function of keeping the tissue surface moist and protecting the homeostasis inside the living body from changes in the external environment.
- various factors may reduce the wettability of the tissue surface and cause diseases such as dry eye and gastrointestinal ulcers.
- the production of a cell sheet generally requires a complicated culture process and is easily influenced by the cell state and the culture environment. Therefore, development of a technique for evaluating the quality of the produced cell sheet is desired.
- wettability is an important indicator of whether the cell sheet can cover the affected tissue.
- the wettability of the substance can be evaluated by, for example, the contact angle between the liquid and the substance surface (contact angle method). That is, the greater the contact angle value, the lower the wettability, and the smaller the contact angle value, the higher the wettability.
- the contact angle method droplets can be formed on the surface of a substance whose wettability is to be evaluated, and the contact angle can be measured.
- the surface of a substance whose wettability is to be evaluated can be faced down and immersed in a liquid, and air or the like is supplied from below to adhere to the surface of the substance to measure the contact angle.
- the wettability of a planar material such as a sheet or plate can be evaluated based on the force required to suspend the material in the liquid and lift the material from the liquid (Wilhelmy plate method).
- Non-patent Document 1 In the field of cell biology, a fluorescence microscope is used for detection of specific proteins in cells (Non-patent Document 1).
- the cell sheet being cultured cannot be separated from the culture dish.
- Cell sheet contamination should be avoided.
- the cell sheet is thin and fragile.
- the method for detecting a specific protein using a fluorescence microscope can be used for analyzing the function of a cell sheet.
- dyes are generally cytotoxic and cell sheets stained with dyes cannot be used in medical applications, it is difficult to use such methods to assess the quality of the produced cell sheets.
- an object of the present invention is to provide means for evaluating the wettability of a substance such as a cell sheet or a culture dish in a non-contact manner.
- the inventors of the present invention ejected air onto the cell sheet in the liquid medium to partially exclude the liquid medium, and remain after the completion of the air injection.
- the inventors have found that the wettability of the cell sheet can be evaluated by measuring the size of the region where the medium is excluded, and the present invention has been completed.
- [Claim 1] A method for evaluating the wettability of a substance, (1) A step of removing liquid by injecting gas onto the surface of the substance covered with liquid, (2) a step of measuring the dimension of the region from which the liquid is excluded after the gas injection is completed, and (3) a step of evaluating the wettability of the substance using the measured dimension as an index, Including a method.
- [Section 2] Item 2. The method according to Item 1, wherein the substance is a sheet-like substance.
- [Section 3] Item 3. The method according to Item 2, wherein the sheet-like substance is a cell sheet.
- [Claim 4] Item 4.
- the substance is a culture dish; The gas is air; Item 2.
- the substance is a culture dish; The gas is air; The liquid is a culture medium; Item 2.
- the step (2) is performed by photographing an area where the liquid is excluded, and obtaining a dimension of the area where the liquid is excluded from the obtained captured image.
- a method for producing a substance comprising the step of evaluating the wettability of the substance by the method according to any one of Items 1 to 10.
- An apparatus for evaluating the wettability of a substance (1) means for removing the liquid by injecting a gas onto the surface of the substance covered with the liquid, and (2) means for measuring the dimension of the area where the liquid is excluded,
- An apparatus comprising: [Claim 13] Item 13.
- Item 15 The apparatus according to any one of Items 12 to 14, which is used for carrying out the method according to any one of Items 1 to 11.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a measurement apparatus used in Example 1.
- the evaluation method of the present invention is a method for evaluating the wettability of a substance (object).
- the substance for evaluating wettability there are no particular restrictions on the substance for evaluating wettability. That is, for example, the type, material, shape, and use of the substance are not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the substance include a sheet shape, a plate shape, a curved surface shape, a column shape, a polyhedron shape, a container shape, and combinations thereof.
- the substance may be, for example, an instrument or material for medical, therapeutic, experimental, or cell culture.
- Examples of the substance having a sheet-like shape include a cell sheet.
- the cell sheet may be produced from any type of cell.
- cell sources of cell sheets include, for example, embryonic stem cells (ES cells), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, hepatic stem cells, pancreatic stem cells, skin stem cells, oral cavity
- ES cells embryonic stem cells
- iPS cells induced pluripotent stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cells include, for example, embryonic stem cells (ES cells), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, hepatic stem cells, pancreatic stem cells, skin stem cells, oral cavity
- mucosal epithelial cells corneal limbal cells, periodontal ligament cells, fibroblasts, liver cells, pancreatic cells, chondrocytes, nasal mucosal cells, and myoblasts.
- the cell source may be a cell isolated from a living tissue, or may be a cell obtained by culturing and / or differentiating a cell isolated from a living tissue. It may be a cell obtained by modification.
- the organism from which the cells are derived is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use. Examples of organisms from which cells are derived include mammals. Specific examples of mammals include human, rat, mouse, guinea pig, marmoset, rabbit, dog, cat, sheep, pig, and chimpanzee. When the cell sheet is used for human treatment, for example, cells derived from human, pig, or chimpanzee are preferably used. As the cell source, only one type of cell may be used, or two or more types of cells may be used in combination.
- the thickness of the sheet-like substance may or may not be uniform.
- the thickness of the sheet material may be uniform throughout the sheet material, or may be uniform in part.
- the thickness of the sheet-like substance may be uniform, for example, at least in a region where the surface is exposed by gas injection.
- the thickness of the sheet material is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 ⁇ m or more, 0.1 ⁇ m or more, 1 ⁇ m or more, or 3 ⁇ m or more, and 5 mm or less, 1 mm or less, 500 ⁇ m or less, or 100 ⁇ m or less. It's okay.
- the thickness of the sheet-like substance may be 20 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the sheet-like substance may be the range exemplified above as a whole of the sheet-like substance, or may be the range exemplified above partially.
- the thickness of the sheet-like substance may be in the range exemplified above at least in the region where the surface is exposed by gas injection.
- Examples of the substance having a container shape include a culture dish.
- the culture dish can be used for cell culture, but may be used for purposes other than cell culture.
- the culture dish may be made of plastic or glass, for example.
- the culture dish may be one whose surface is coated. Examples of components used for the coating treatment include collagen, extracellular matrix, and temperature-responsive polymer.
- examples of the culture dish include a culture dish (temperature-responsive culture dish) coated with a temperature-responsive polymer.
- the culture dish may be subjected to various surface treatments. Examples of the surface treatment include treatment with oxygen plasma.
- the substance is subjected to the evaluation method of the present invention with its surface covered with a liquid.
- the surface on which the wettability is evaluated is covered with the liquid, the other portions may or may not be covered with the liquid.
- the “(material) surface” may mean a surface on which wettability is evaluated, in other words, a surface on which gas is injected, unless otherwise specified.
- the entire surface of the substance may be covered with a liquid, or only a part of the surface may be covered with a liquid.
- the substance may have 50% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 99% or more, or 100% of the surface covered with a liquid.
- the substance may originally have a surface covered with a liquid, or may have a surface covered with a liquid when used in the evaluation method of the present invention.
- the substance may be immersed in the liquid.
- the substance may be suspended in the liquid or may sink to the bottom.
- the substance may or may not be fixed in the liquid.
- the surface of the substance may be covered with a liquid and fixed to an arbitrary member at another part.
- a cell sheet bound on a culture instrument eg, a culture dish or a culture insert
- covered with a liquid culture medium can be mentioned.
- the cell sheet formed on the culture instrument may be used for the evaluation method of the present invention as it is, or may be used for the evaluation method of the present invention after substituting the medium with an arbitrary liquid, and peeled from the culture instrument. And after immersing in arbitrary liquids, you may use for the evaluation method of this invention. Further, if not only the cell sheet but also the surface involved in the culture of the culture apparatus is covered with the medium used during the actual culture and subjected to the evaluation method of the present invention, the wettability of the surface under the same conditions as in the actual culture Can be appropriately evaluated (see Example 2).
- the type of liquid is not particularly limited, and any liquid for which the wettability of a substance is to be evaluated can be used.
- the liquid include an aqueous medium.
- the aqueous medium may be composed of water or may contain other components. As another component, only 1 type of component may be contained and 2 or more types of components may be contained.
- the aqueous medium include water, a buffer solution, and a liquid culture medium.
- the liquid may be, for example, a liquid culture medium used for culturing cells such as a cell sheet, or used for culturing cells such as a cell sheet.
- the thickness of the liquid layer may or may not be uniform.
- the thickness of the liquid layer may be uniform throughout the surface of the substance, or may be uniform in part.
- the thickness of the liquid layer may be uniform, for example, at least in a region where the surface of the substance is exposed by gas injection.
- the thickness of the liquid layer is not particularly limited as long as the surface of the substance is exposed by gas injection, and can be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the type of liquid and the amount of gas injection.
- the thickness of the liquid layer may be, for example, 0.5 mm to 5 mm, specifically 1 mm.
- the thickness of the liquid layer may be the above-exemplified range as a whole on the surface of the substance, or may be the range exemplified above in part.
- the thickness of the liquid layer may be in the range exemplified above at least in the region where the surface of the substance is exposed by gas injection.
- the substance can be used for the evaluation method of the present invention in a state where the liquid can be retained.
- the substance can be used in the evaluation method of the present invention in a state where it is contained in a suitable container together with a liquid.
- An example of the container is a cell culture dish.
- the substance can be used in the evaluation method of the present invention in a state where the substance itself holds a liquid as a container.
- a case where the wettability of the inner surface (inner bottom surface) of the culture dish holding the liquid is evaluated can be mentioned.
- the substance may be placed so that the surface thereof is horizontal and used for the evaluation method of the present invention.
- the substance may be installed so that the entire surface thereof is horizontal and used for the evaluation method of the present invention, or only a part of the surface may be set horizontal and used for the evaluation method of the present invention. May be.
- the substance may be provided in the evaluation method of the present invention, for example, at least in a region where the surface is exposed by gas injection, so that the surface is horizontal.
- the evaluation method of the present invention includes a step of injecting a gas onto the surface of a substance covered with a liquid. This process is also referred to as a “gas injection process”. By jetting the gas, the liquid covering the surface of the substance is temporarily removed, and the surface of the substance is exposed at the bottom of the liquid layer.
- An area where the liquid is excluded, that is, a hole-like structure formed in the liquid layer is also referred to as a “liquid exclusion area”.
- the liquid exclusion region is usually a hole-like structure having a circular cross section.
- the type of gas is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate according to various conditions such as the material of the substance. It is preferable to select and use a gas that does not adversely affect the substance.
- the gas include air and inert gas. Specific examples of the inert gas include nitrogen and argon.
- the gas may or may not be used after sterilization. As the gas, only one kind of gas may be used, or two or more kinds of gases may be used in combination.
- the gas injection amount can be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the material of the substance, the type of liquid, and the thickness of the liquid layer.
- the gas injection amount may be, for example, an injection amount such that the diameter of the liquid exclusion region at the time of gas injection is, for example, 2 mm to 10 mm, specifically 5 mm.
- the gas injection amount may be, for example, an injection amount such that the force applied to the substance is 1 mN to 20 mN, specifically 5 mN.
- the gas injection amount may be, for example, an injection amount such that the pressure applied to the substance is 2 kPa to 50 kPa, specifically 14 kPa.
- Gas is injected from above the liquid layer.
- the gas may be injected from vertically above the liquid layer, or may be injected obliquely from above the liquid layer.
- the gas is preferably injected from vertically above the liquid layer.
- the angle is not particularly limited as long as a liquid exclusion region capable of measuring dimensions is formed, but it is preferably close to perpendicular to the liquid layer surface.
- the gas injection may be performed only once, or may be performed twice or more.
- the gas injection may be performed continuously or intermittently.
- conditions such as gas type, injection amount, and injection time may or may not be the same each time.
- conditions such as gas type and injection amount may or may not be constant throughout the injection process.
- the gas injection time may be, for example, 0.1 seconds to 5 seconds, and specifically 1 second. In general, gas injection may be performed continuously under certain conditions.
- the method of injecting gas is not particularly limited as long as a liquid exclusion region capable of measuring dimensions is formed.
- the gas injection can be performed using an appropriate gas injection means.
- a gas injection unit and a gas supply unit can be used in appropriate combination.
- An example of the gas injection unit is a gas nozzle.
- the gas supply unit include a compressor and a gas cylinder.
- the gas injection unit and the gas supply unit are connected via an appropriate gas flow path, and the gas can be injected from the gas injection unit.
- the inner diameter of the gas nozzle can be appropriately set according to various conditions such as a gas injection amount.
- the inner diameter of the gas nozzle may be, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and specifically 50 ⁇ m.
- the gas injection distance (distance from the liquid layer surface to the gas injection portion) can be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the gas injection amount.
- the gas injection distance may be, for example, 0.5 mm to 5 mm, specifically 1 mm.
- the gas injection can be controlled by an appropriate means for controlling the gas flow.
- gas injection can be controlled by appropriately combining an electropneumatic regulator and a solenoid valve.
- the electropneumatic regulator include ITV2050-312CS-Q (SMC, Japan).
- the solenoid valve include a solenoid valve VA01PSP23-1P (KURODA Pneumatics, Japan).
- the control of gas injection may be performed automatically or manually.
- gas injection can be automatically controlled by controlling an electropneumatic regulator and a solenoid valve from a computer.
- the evaluation method of the present invention includes a step of measuring the dimension of the liquid exclusion region after the gas injection is completed.
- This process is also referred to as a “dimension measurement process”.
- the “dimension of the liquid exclusion region” refers to a value that reflects the degree to which the liquid has been excluded, and specifically, a value that reflects the radius of the liquid exclusion region.
- Specific examples of the dimension include a radius, a diameter, a circumferential length, an area, and a volume. As the dimension, only one value may be measured, or two or more values may be measured.
- the dimensions normally, the dimensions (diameter, etc.) of the surface of the substance exposed at the bottom of the liquid exclusion area may be measured. Further, as the dimensions, the dimensions (diameter, etc.) of the liquid exclusion region at the liquid layer surface or at an arbitrary depth in the liquid layer may be measured. Their values also reflect the extent to which liquid has been eliminated.
- the timing for measuring the dimensions is not particularly limited as long as the gas injection is completed. “After the end of gas injection” may be, for example, 1 second to 10 seconds after the end of gas injection, and specifically, 3 seconds after the end of gas injection. Note that “after the end of gas injection” means after the end when the gas injection is performed continuously, and after the end of the last injection when the gas injection is performed intermittently. .
- Dimension measurement may be performed only once, or may be performed twice or more. “The measurement of the dimension is performed twice or more” may mean that the measurement of the dimension is performed a plurality of times for a single liquid exclusion region.
- the measurement set may be performed a plurality of times, or a combination thereof.
- the locations where gas injection and dimension measurement are performed may or may not be the same each time.
- gas injection and dimension measurement may or may not be performed simultaneously at each location.
- the method for measuring the dimensions is not particularly limited as long as the desired dimensions can be obtained without contact.
- the dimension can be measured using an appropriate measuring means.
- the liquid exclusion area can be photographed, and the dimensions of the liquid exclusion area can be obtained from the obtained photographed image.
- the measurement unit may include, for example, an imaging unit that captures an image of the liquid exclusion region, and may further include a dimension acquisition unit that acquires the dimension of the liquid exclusion region from the obtained captured image.
- the imaging means is not particularly limited as long as it can capture a captured image capable of acquiring a target dimension.
- the photographed image may be obtained as a two-dimensional photographed image or may be obtained as a three-dimensional photographed image.
- the captured image may be obtained as a moving image or a still image.
- the number of pixels and the frame rate of the captured image can be set as appropriate according to the measurement mode.
- the imaging means may be, for example, one that detects light selected from visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light, and preferably one that detects visible light.
- an appropriate digital camera can be used as the imaging means.
- a stereo camera may be configured with an appropriate digital camera, or an appropriate 3D scanner may be used.
- the digital camera may be a CCD camera or a CMOS camera.
- the digital camera may be a video camera or a still camera. Specific examples of the CMOS digital video camera include HDR-SR1 (Sony, Japan).
- the dimension acquisition means is not particularly limited as long as it can acquire the dimension of the liquid exclusion area from the photographed image. For example, by specifying a region corresponding to the liquid exclusion region in the photographed image and measuring the identified region, the dimension of the liquid exclusion region in the photographed image can be acquired. Acquisition of the dimensions may be performed manually or automatically. In the case of automatically obtaining the dimensions, for example, an area corresponding to the liquid exclusion area in the photographed image can be automatically specified by appropriate image processing software, and the target dimensions can be obtained.
- the dimensions of the liquid exclusion region in the photographed image obtained in this way may be used for wettability evaluation as they are, or may be used for wettability evaluation after being appropriately processed.
- the actual dimension of the liquid exclusion area may be calculated from the dimension of the liquid exclusion area in the captured image using correlation data between the dimension of the captured image and the actual dimension.
- the dimension of the liquid exclusion region in the photographed image may be normalized in consideration of photographing conditions such as a photographing distance and a photographing angle. By using standardized data, it is possible to compare dimensions between samples having different shooting conditions such as shooting distance and shooting angle.
- the “dimension of the liquid exclusion area” measured in the evaluation method of the present invention and used as an index for evaluating the wettability may be the actual dimension of the liquid exclusion area.
- the data may be reflected and can be compared between samples. That is, “measuring the size of the liquid exclusion region” means calculating the actual size of the liquid exclusion region if data that reflects the actual size of the liquid exclusion region and that can be compared between samples is obtained. There is no need.
- the “data reflecting the actual dimensions of the liquid exclusion area” includes standardizing the dimensions of the liquid exclusion area in the captured image (for example, the number of pixels corresponding to the diameter) and the dimensions of the liquid exclusion area in the captured image. The data obtained through the use of the data are listed. Data of “dimension of liquid exclusion region” obtained in the measurement process may be referred to as “measurement value”.
- Dimension measurement direction is not particularly limited as long as the target dimension can be obtained.
- the measurement can be performed from above the liquid layer, for example.
- the measurement may be performed from vertically above the liquid layer, or may be performed from obliquely above the liquid layer.
- the measurement may be performed through the element.
- Examples of the elements related to the implementation of the evaluation method of the present invention include substances, liquids, containers, and measuring devices.
- the “container” here refers to a member containing a substance and a liquid. However, when the substance itself holds a liquid as a container, the “container” here may mean the substance itself.
- the measurement may be performed from the lateral direction of the liquid layer.
- the measurement may be performed from below the substance.
- the stage itself has sufficient transparency with respect to the measurement means in addition to the substance and the container. “Sufficient transparency with respect to the measuring means” refers to the degree of transparency with which the measuring means can measure the dimensions relative to the measuring means employed.
- “sufficient transparency with respect to the measurement unit” means that visible light is obtained to the extent that a photographed image capable of obtaining a target dimension is obtained. The property that permeates.
- the means for performing each step and the sample to be evaluated may be physically moved as appropriate.
- the gas injection unit and the measurement unit are physically moved so that the liquid exclusion region is located directly below the measurement unit after gas injection is completed.
- the sample may be moved physically.
- the evaluation method of the present invention includes a step of evaluating the wettability of a substance using the measured dimension of the liquid exclusion region as an index. This process is also referred to as a “wetability evaluation process”. “Using the measured dimension value as an index” means that the measured dimension value is directly or indirectly involved in the evaluation.
- the evaluation may be performed based on the measured value of the dimension itself.
- the smaller the measured value the higher the wettability of the substance.
- the evaluation may be performed based on a change in the measured value of the dimension during a predetermined period.
- the predetermined period include a period from the gas injection to a predetermined time after the gas injection ends.
- the “predetermined time point” may be, for example, a time point of 0 to 10 seconds after the end of gas injection.
- finish of gas injection is mentioned, for example.
- the “first time point” may be, for example, a time point of 0 to 0.5 seconds after the end of gas injection, and the “second time point” is, for example, 1 to 10 seconds after the end of gas injection. It may be a point in time.
- changes in measured values include measured value differences and measured value change rates. The greater the change in the measured value, the higher the wettability of the substance.
- the evaluation may be performed by combining a plurality of measured values.
- the evaluation may be performed using an average value, a median value, a minimum value, a maximum value, or the like of a plurality of measurement values as an index.
- ⁇ Evaluation may be performed manually or automatically.
- the evaluation is automatically performed, for example, the degree of wettability can be automatically calculated from the measured value by appropriate analysis software based on the correlation data between the measured value of the predetermined dimension and the wettability. it can.
- evaluation the wettability is not limited to the case where the wettability itself is evaluated, but includes the case where the property related to the wettability is evaluated.
- evaluating the wettability may be to evaluate the transplantability of the cell sheet. That is, one aspect of the evaluation method of the present invention may be a method for evaluating the transplantability of a cell sheet.
- the wettability (transplantability) of a cell sheet can be evaluated by the evaluation method of the present invention, and a cell sheet having high wettability (transplantability) can be selected and used for transplantation.
- the wettability of the cell sheet can reflect the state of the mucous membrane on the cell sheet surface.
- “evaluating wettability” may be evaluating the state of the mucous membrane on the cell sheet surface (for example, the amount of mucin present). That is, one aspect of the evaluation method of the present invention may be a method for evaluating the state of the mucosa (for example, the amount of mucin present) on the surface of the cell sheet. Evaluation of the state of the mucous membrane is useful for drug screening and drug efficacy evaluation. For example, the effect of the drug can be determined by applying the drug to the cell sheet in vitro and evaluating the state of the mucosa.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a substance, including a step of evaluating the wettability of the substance by the evaluation method of the present invention.
- Substances can be produced using conventional materials and methods for producing substances other than evaluating wettability by the evaluation method of the present invention.
- a method for producing a cell sheet a known method (D. Murayama, et al., Biomaterials, Vol. 27, pp. 5518-5523, 2006., JP 2011-224334, International Publication 2011/016423, etc.) Can be referred to.
- the wettability evaluation may be performed at any point in the manufacturing process of the substance, but it is usually preferable to perform the evaluation after completion of the substance.
- those having desired wettability can be selected and used according to various conditions such as the purpose of use.
- the apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for evaluating the wettability of a substance.
- the evaluation method of the present invention can be implemented using the apparatus of the present invention, for example.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes means for injecting a gas onto the surface of a substance covered with a liquid.
- the gas injection means as described above can be used. By jetting the gas, the liquid covering the surface of the substance is temporarily removed, and the surface of the substance is exposed at the bottom of the liquid layer.
- the gas injection means may be used, for example, according to the execution conditions of the gas injection process as described above.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes means for measuring the dimension of the liquid exclusion region.
- the measuring means as described above can be used.
- the measuring means may include an imaging means for photographing the liquid exclusion area.
- the measurement unit may further include a dimension acquisition unit that acquires the dimension of the liquid exclusion region from the obtained captured image.
- the measurement means may further include, for example, a calculation means for calculating an actual dimension of the liquid exclusion area from a dimension of the liquid exclusion area in the photographed image, and a processing means for standardizing the dimension of the liquid exclusion area in the photographed image. May be included.
- the measuring means may be used, for example, according to the implementation conditions of the gas injection process as described above.
- the apparatus of the present invention may include an evaluation means for evaluating the wettability of a substance using the measured dimension of the liquid exclusion region as an index.
- the evaluation means for example, appropriate analysis software for calculating the degree of wettability from the measured value based on the correlation data between the measured value of the predetermined dimension and the wettability can be used.
- the evaluation means may be used, for example, according to the implementation conditions of the wettability evaluation process as described above.
- the apparatus of the present invention may include illumination means for illuminating the liquid exclusion area during photographing.
- illumination means for example, appropriate illumination can be used.
- Illumination includes, for example, an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, and a light emitting diode.
- the apparatus of the present invention may include holding means for holding a substance and a liquid.
- the holding means may be, for example, a holding unit that directly holds a substance and a liquid. That is, in this case, the holding unit functions as a substance and liquid container.
- the shape of the holding portion can be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the shape of the substance and the volume of the liquid.
- the holding unit may be, for example, a member having a concave portion in which a substance and a liquid enter.
- the holding means may be a holding unit that indirectly holds the substance and the liquid by holding a container containing the substance and the liquid, for example.
- the “container” here may mean the substance itself.
- the shape of the holding portion can be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the shape of the container.
- the holding part may be a member having a scaffold on which the container is placed, or may be a member having a clamp that holds the container in between.
- the apparatus of the present invention is configured so that the component has sufficient transparency with respect to the measurement means.
- All the components of the apparatus of the present invention may be fixed to the apparatus or configured to be movable.
- the holding unit may be movable, and the gas injection unit or the imaging unit may be movable.
- the apparatus of the present invention may include a position adjuster for adjusting the position of the component.
- each of the components of the apparatus of the present invention may be provided only one, or may be provided two or more.
- the apparatus of the present invention may include a plurality of gas injection means or a plurality of imaging means.
- the measuring device (FIG. 3) used in the examples described later is an embodiment of the device of the present invention.
- the program of the present invention is a program that causes a computer to execute each step constituting the evaluation method of the present invention.
- one aspect of the program of the present invention is a program that causes a computer to execute the following steps (1) to (3): (1) removing liquid by injecting gas onto the surface of the substance covered with liquid; (2) a step of measuring a dimension of a region where the liquid is excluded after the gas injection is completed; and (3) a step of evaluating the wettability of the substance using the measured dimension as an index.
- Step (2) may include a step of photographing the liquid exclusion area.
- Step (2) may further include the step of obtaining the dimension of the liquid exclusion region from the obtained captured image.
- Step (2) may further include, for example, a step of calculating an actual dimension of the liquid exclusion region from a dimension of the liquid exclusion region in the photographed image, and a step of standardizing the dimension of the liquid exclusion region in the photographed image. May be included.
- the program of the present invention may be provided by being recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
- the computer-readable recording medium is such that information such as data and programs is accumulated by electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical, chemical action, etc., and the accumulated information is read from the computer.
- a recording medium for example, floppy (registered trademark) disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R / W, DVD-ROM, DVD-R / W, DVD-RAM, DAT, 8 mm tape, memory Examples include a card, a hard disk, a ROM (read only memory), and an SSD.
- each step executed by the computer may be recorded as a single program, or may be recorded separately or in any combination as a separate program.
- Example 1 Evaluation of wettability of cell sheet
- wettability was evaluated using three types of cell sheets with different culture conditions as samples.
- FIG. 1 (a) The outline of the measurement procedure adopted in this example is shown in FIG.
- the cell sheet contained in the culture dish is fixed under the air nozzle (FIG. 1 (a)).
- an air jet air jet
- FIG. 1 (d) the excluded liquid medium returns toward the center (FIG. 1 (d)).
- the squeezing force due to the pressure of the air jet is balanced with the surface force acting between the liquid medium and the cell sheet surface, so the liquid medium is excluded.
- the area to be pressed depends on the wettability of the cell sheet surface. Specifically, the pushing force P s due to the pressure of the air jet is expressed by the following formula (1) from the Young Laplace formula.
- ⁇ represents the surface tension of the liquid medium
- R x represents the radius of curvature of the medium surface at the contact point between the medium and the cell sheet
- R z represents the radius of curvature of the extruded region of the medium on the cell sheet surface.
- R z is a function of R x that reflects wettability, and the wettability of the cell sheet can be estimated by measuring the radius of curvature of the extruded region of the medium.
- FIG. 3A shows a simple configuration diagram of the measuring device used in this example
- FIG. 3B shows a photograph
- Air is supplied by the air compressor 101, and air is supplied using a high-speed solenoid valve 103 (VA01PSP23-1P, KURODA Pneumatics, Japan) with a maximum switching frequency of 333 Hz and an electropneumatic regulator 102 (ITV2050-312CS-Q, SMC, Japan).
- the air jet 301 was injected through the air nozzle 104 having an inner diameter of 0.2 mm.
- the solenoid valve 103 and the regulator 102 were controlled by a laptop computer (ThinkPad X61, Lenovo Japan, Japan) via an analog input / output interface module (CSI-360112, Interface, Japan).
- the cell sheet surface was observed using a digital video camera 105 (HDR-SR1, Sony, Japan) having a frame rate of 30 Hz.
- the air jet application units 101 to 104 and the video camera 105 were firmly fixed to the base 108 of the measurement apparatus.
- ⁇ 3> Preparation of cell sheet For comparison of wettability, three types of cell sheets were prepared by the following procedure. Rat oral mucosal epithelial cells are seeded onto a temperature-responsive cell culture insert at an initial cell density of 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 and placed in a cell culture dish containing medium at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere For 7 to 14 days to obtain a layered cell sheet. The details of the culture conditions are as described previously (D. Murayama, et al., Biomaterials, Vol. 27, pp. 5518-5523, 2006.). The following keratinocyte culture media (KCM) were used for the culture.
- KCM keratinocyte culture media
- each cell sheet is detached from the insert according to a conventional method, and a cell culture dish (cat. No. 353001, Becton, Dickinson and Company) containing 1.2 mL of control medium (normal KCM) is used. , USA) and subjected to wettability measurement.
- a cell culture dish catalog. No. 353001, Becton, Dickinson and Company
- control medium normal KCM
- the area of the extruded region of the culture medium was almost the same between the cell sheets (partly extracted in FIG. 4).
- the medium immediately covered the extruded region again, but in Cyto D (+) and FBS (-), the extruded region of the medium remained for a while (as shown in FIG. 4).
- Part excerpt The remaining area of the extruded region of the medium after the application of air jet was larger in FBS ( ⁇ ) than in Cyto D (+).
- the transition of the width w of the extruding area of the medium under each condition is shown in FIG.
- the difference in the wettability of the cell sheet was distinguished by the degree of return of the medium after the application of the air jet. Specifically, FBS (-)> in the order of Cyto D (+)> Control, residual width w r of the extrusion region of the medium after air jet application end is large. That is, it was considered that the wettability of the cell sheet was large in the order of control> Cyto D (+)> FBS (-).
- hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- Alcian blue staining confirmed the localization of mucosal polysaccharides on the surface of the cell sheet specifically for the control cell sheet.
- MUC4 immunostaining confirmed the localization of MUC4 on the surface of the cell sheet in a specific manner for the control cell sheet.
- Example 2 Evaluation of wettability of culture dish
- wettability was evaluated using a culture dish as a sample.
- a polystyrene culture dish whose surface was coated with a temperature-responsive polymer was surface-treated with oxygen plasma.
- a control medium normal KCM
- PS culture dish
- OP culture dish
- the wettability of the inner surface (inner bottom surface) was evaluated in the same procedure as in 1.
- the appearance of each culture dish is shown in FIGS. 9 (c) and (d).
- the result is shown in FIG.
- the culture dish treated with oxygen plasma (OP) had a smaller remaining width of the extruded region of the medium after the application of air jet (P ⁇ 0.001; Fig. 9 (b)). That is, it was considered that the culture dish (OP) treated with oxygen plasma had higher wettability than the culture dish (PS) not treated with oxygen plasma.
- the wettability of substances such as cell sheets and culture dishes can be evaluated in a non-contact manner.
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Abstract
Description
(1)培養中の細胞シートは培養皿から分離できない。
(2)細胞シートのコンタミネーションを避けるべきである。
(3)細胞シートは薄くもろい。
[項1]
物質の濡れ性を評価する方法であって、
(1)液体に覆われた物質の表面に気体を噴射することにより、液体を排除する工程、
(2)気体の噴射終了後に、液体が排除された領域の寸法を測定する工程、および
(3)測定された寸法を指標として、物質の濡れ性を評価する工程、
を含む、方法。
[項2]
前記物質がシート状物質である、項1に記載の方法。
[項3]
前記シート状物質が細胞シートである、項2に記載の方法。
[項4]
前記液体が培養培地である、項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[項5]
前記気体が空気である、項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[項6]
前記工程(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影し、得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得することにより実施される、項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[項7]
前記物質が細胞シートであり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地である、項1に記載の方法。
[項8]
前記物質が細胞シートであり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地であり、
前記工程(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影し、得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得することにより実施される、項1に記載の方法。
[項9]
前記物質が培養皿であり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地である、項1に記載の方法。
[項10]
前記物質が培養皿であり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地であり、
前記工程(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影し、得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得することにより実施される、項1に記載の方法。
[項11]
項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の方法により物質の濡れ性を評価する工程を含む、物質を製造する方法。
[項12]
物質の濡れ性を評価するための装置であって、
(1)液体に覆われた物質の表面に気体を噴射することにより、液体を排除する手段、および
(2)液体が排除された領域の寸法を測定する手段、
を備える、装置。
[項13]
さらに、(3)測定された寸法を指標として物質の濡れ性を評価する手段を備える、項12に記載の装置。
[項14]
前記手段(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影する撮像手段と得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得する寸法取得手段を含む、項12または13に記載の装置。
[項15]
項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法の実施に用いられる、項12~14のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
本発明の評価方法は、物質(object)の濡れ性を評価する方法である。
本発明の製造方法は、本発明の評価方法により物質の濡れ性を評価する工程を含む、物質の製造方法である。物質は、本発明の評価法により濡れ性を評価すること以外は、当該物質を製造する通常の材料と方法を用いて製造することができる。例えば、細胞シートの製造法については、公知の方法(D. Murayama, et al., Biomaterials, Vol.27, pp. 5518-5523, 2006.、特開2011-224334、国際公開2011/016423等)を参照できる。濡れ性の評価は、物質の製造工程のいずれの時点で行われてもよいが、通常は、物質の完成後に行うのが好ましい。製造された物質の内、その利用目的等の諸条件に応じて、所望の濡れ性を有するものを選択して用いることができる。
本発明の装置は、物質の濡れ性を評価するための装置である。本発明の評価方法は、例えば、本発明の装置を利用して実施できる。
本発明のプログラムは、本発明の評価方法を構成する各ステップをコンピュータに実行させるプログラムである。
(1)液体に覆われた物質の表面に気体を噴射することにより、液体を排除するステップ;
(2)気体の噴射終了後に、液体が排除された領域の寸法を測定するステップ;および
(3)測定された寸法を指標として、物質の濡れ性を評価するステップ。
本実施例では、培養条件の異なる3種類の細胞シートをサンプルとして、濡れ性の評価を行った。
以下、あり得る(possible)濡れ性の測定原理を説明するが、本願発明が下記の原理に拘束されることを意図するものではない。
本実施例に用いた測定装置の簡易構成図を図3(a)に、写真を図3(b)に、それぞれ示す。エアコンプレッサー101により空気を供給し、最大スイッチング周波数333 Hzの高速ソレノイドバルブ103(VA01PSP23-1P、KURODA Pneumatics、日本)と電空レギュレータ102(ITV2050-312CS-Q、SMC社、日本)を用いて空気の流量を制御し、内径0.2 mmのエアノズル104を通じてエアジェット301を噴射した。ソレノイドバルブ103およびレギュレータ102は、アナログ入出力インタフェースモジュール(CSI-360112、Interface社、日本)を介して、ラップトップ・コンピュータ(ThinkPad X61、レノボ・ジャパン、日本)により制御した。細胞シート表面の観察は、フレームレート30 Hzのデジタルビデオカメラ105(HDR-SR1、ソニー、日本)を用いて行った。エアジェット印加ユニット101~104およびビデオカメラ105は、測定装置の基盤108にしっかりと固定した。
濡れ性の比較のため、以下の手順で、3種類の細胞シートを調製した。ラットの口腔粘膜上皮細胞を、5×104 cells/cm2の初期細胞密度で温度応答性細胞培養インサート上に播種し、培地を入れた細胞培養皿で、37℃、5% CO2雰囲気下で7~14日間培養し、重層化した細胞シートを得た。培養条件の詳細は既報(D. Murayama, et al., Biomaterials, Vol.27, pp. 5518-5523, 2006.)の通りである。培養には、以下の(a)~(c)のケラチノサイト培養培地(Keratinocyte Culture Medium;KCM)をそれぞれ用いた。
(a)コントロール:通常のKCM
(b)Cyto D (+): サイトカラシンD(Cyto D)を含むKCM
(c)FBS (-): ウシ胎児血清(FBS)を含まないKCM
Cyto Dは、アクチン繊維の重合阻害剤である。通常のKCMは、FBSを含み、Cyto Dを含まない。
培養後、各細胞シートを常法に従ってインサートから剥離し、1.2 mLのコントロール培地(通常のKCM)を入れた細胞培養皿(cat. no. 353001、Becton, Dickinson and Company、米国)に移し、濡れ性の測定に供した。
次に、濡れ性が大きいと評価されたコントロールの細胞シートおよび濡れ性が小さいと評価されたFBS (-)の細胞シートを、生化学的に解析した。
次に、濡れ性が大きいと評価されたコントロールの細胞シートおよび濡れ性が小さいと評価されたFBS (-)の細胞シートを、ラットに他家移植した。移植後0~14日の移植部分の写真を図8に示す。移植の結果、FBS (-)の細胞シートは移植部位において消失したのに対し、コントロールの細胞シートは移植部位において周辺と区別可能な細胞群として残存していた。よって、濡れ性の大きい細胞シートは、再生医療の観点で有効であり得る。
本実施例では、培養皿をサンプルとして、濡れ性の評価を行った。
101 エアコンプレッサー
102 電空レギュレータ
103 ソレノイドバルブ
104 エアノズル
105 ビデオカメラ
106 照明
107 位置アジャスタ
108 基盤
109 ヒーター付きガラスプレート
201 細胞シート
202 液体培地
203 培養皿
204 サンプル(培養皿)
301 エアジェット
302 培地の押し出し領域
Claims (15)
- 物質の濡れ性を評価する方法であって、
(1)液体に覆われた物質の表面に気体を噴射することにより、液体を排除する工程、
(2)気体の噴射終了後に、液体が排除された領域の寸法を測定する工程、および
(3)測定された寸法を指標として、物質の濡れ性を評価する工程、
を含む、方法。 - 前記物質がシート状物質である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シート状物質が細胞シートである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記液体が培養培地である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記気体が空気である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影し、得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得することにより実施される、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記物質が細胞シートであり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記物質が細胞シートであり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地であり、
前記工程(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影し、得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得することにより実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記物質が培養皿であり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記物質が培養皿であり、
前記気体が空気であり、
前記液体が培養培地であり、
前記工程(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影し、得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得することにより実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の方法により物質の濡れ性を評価する工程を含む、物質を製造する方法。
- 物質の濡れ性を評価するための装置であって、
(1)液体に覆われた物質の表面に気体を噴射することにより、液体を排除する手段、および
(2)液体が排除された領域の寸法を測定する手段、
を備える、装置。 - さらに、(3)測定された寸法を指標として物質の濡れ性を評価する手段を備える、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記手段(2)が、液体が排除された領域を撮影する撮像手段と得られた撮影像から液体が排除された領域の寸法を取得する寸法取得手段を含む、請求項12または13に記載の装置。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法の実施に用いられる、請求項12~14のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
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JP2017003393A (ja) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-01-05 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 機能性層の評価方法 |
WO2018034348A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-22 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | 物質の濡れ性分布の評価方法及び評価装置 |
WO2018034349A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-22 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | 物質の濡れ性の評価方法及び評価装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6189291B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
EP2857824B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
US20150072370A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
EP2857824A4 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
EP2857824A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
JPWO2013176264A1 (ja) | 2016-01-14 |
US10094816B2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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