WO2013173751A1 - Pompe suspendue de façon magnétique - Google Patents

Pompe suspendue de façon magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013173751A1
WO2013173751A1 PCT/US2013/041645 US2013041645W WO2013173751A1 WO 2013173751 A1 WO2013173751 A1 WO 2013173751A1 US 2013041645 W US2013041645 W US 2013041645W WO 2013173751 A1 WO2013173751 A1 WO 2013173751A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
permanent magnet
housing
axial
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/041645
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jeffrey A. Larose
Charles R. Shambaugh, Jr.
Original Assignee
Heartware, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heartware, Inc. filed Critical Heartware, Inc.
Publication of WO2013173751A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013173751A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/165—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart
    • A61M60/178—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A61M60/237—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly axial components, e.g. axial flow pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/422—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/818—Bearings
    • A61M60/82—Magnetic bearings
    • A61M60/822—Magnetic bearings specially adapted for being actively controlled
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/818—Bearings
    • A61M60/824—Hydrodynamic or fluid film bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/041—Axial thrust balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F04D29/048—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F04D29/058—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
    • A61M60/148—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2316/00—Apparatus in health or amusement
    • F16C2316/10—Apparatus in health or amusement in medical appliances, e.g. in diagnosis, dentistry, instruments, prostheses, medical imaging appliances
    • F16C2316/18—Pumps for pumping blood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0423—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
    • F16C32/0429—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for both radial and axial load, e.g. conical magnets

Definitions

  • Ventricular assist devices may utilize a blood pump for imparting momentum to a patient's blood thereby driving the blood to a higher pressure.
  • a ventricular assist device is a Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD).
  • the blood inlet of the LVAD is connected to the left ventricle of the patient's heart, whereas the blood outlet of the LVAD is connected to the patient's aorta.
  • Oxygenated blood from the ventricle enters the LVAD and is pumped by the LVAD into the patient's aorta.
  • Certain LVADs use rotary pumps.
  • a rotary pump includes a rotor that spins about an axis within the housing of pump and imparts momentum to the blood.
  • Rotary blood pumps may be either centrifugal or axial.
  • blood enters the pump along its axis of rotation and exits the pump remote from the axis of rotation.
  • an axial flow blood pump blood enters the pump along its axis of rotation and exits the pump along the axis of rotation.
  • Certain rotary blood pumps use mechanical bearings to support and position in the axial and radial directions. Mechanical bearings in contact with the blood can cause of thrombosis. Moreover, mechanical bearings that have contact between a part fixed to the housing and a part fixed to the rotor are subject to wear. This can pose a considerable problem, particularly in a blood pump that must remain implanted within the patient for many years.
  • non-contact bearings utilize magnetic or hydrodynamic forces to suspend the rotor within the housing.
  • a magnetic bearing including a multipole, rod-like permanent magnet, such as an assemblage of magnetic discs, on the rotor.
  • the rotor permanent magnet is disposed within a multi-pole generally tubular permanent magnet, such as an assemblage of magnetic rings, on the housing. Repulsion forces between like poles of these magnets help to maintain the rotor coaxial with the housing.
  • these permanent magnets act as a radial bearing with constrains the rotor in radial directions. These permanent magnets also produce an axial thrust on the rotor. The axial position of the rotor relative to the housing is maintained by magnetic or hydrodynamic thrust bearings separate from the radial bearing. Because bearings that rely only on permanent magnets do not require an external source of power and do not require any control circuitry, they are commonly referred to as "passive* magnetic bearings.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,234,772 to Warn pier et al. discloses certain embodiments using a passive magnetic radial bearing incorporating a permanent magnet on a spindle fixed to the pump housing.
  • the spindle is received within a bore in the rotor.
  • the rotor has a tubular permanent magnet surrounding the spindle.
  • the 772 Patent uses hydrodynamic thrust bearings to control axial position of the rotor.
  • One aspect of the invention provides a blood pump which includes a housing having an axis and first and second stator permanent magnets fixed relative to the housing at axially-spaced locations.
  • the pump according to this aspect of the invention desirably also includes a rotor having an axis disposed within the pump housing including a first rotor permanent magnet associated with and magnetically interacting with the first stator permanent magnet and a second rotor permanent magnet associated with and magnetically interacting with the second stator permanent magnet, so that the interacting magnets urge the rotor into an alignment coaxial with the housing.
  • the magnets are constructed and arranged so that first stator permanent magnet exerts a first axial force on the first rotor permanent magnet in a first axial direction and the second stator permanent magnet exerts a second axial force on the second rotor permanent magnet in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction.
  • the rotor and stator permanent magnets desirably are arranged so that, over an operating range of axial positions of the rotor relative to housing, the first axial force decreases upon movement of the rotor relative to the housing in the first axial direction, whereas the second axial force decreases upon movement of the rotor relative to the housing in the second axial direction.
  • the first and second axial forces urge the rotor towards an equilibrium position within the operating range.
  • the rotor can be suspended and positioned within the housing entirely by interactions between the aforementioned rotor and stator permanent magnets.
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention can provide simple and compact pumps.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of an axial flow blood pump according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view of an axial flow blood pump according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic view of the interaction of magnetic bearings in the axial flow blood pump of FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic view of an alternate embodiment of an axial flow blood pump according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross sectional view of a portion of the axial blood pump disclosed in the '863 Publication. Although incorporated by reference, certain portions of the '863 Publication are reproduced below to more fully explain that disclosure.
  • blood flow is designed to flow in the direction from inflow lumen 37 to outflow lumen 38 and thereby respectively guide the blood flow into and out of pump.
  • the rotor assembly 60 spins and pumps blood via attached impeller blades 62.
  • Stationary stator blades 102 direct the flow at the outlet end 22 of the blood pump 20.
  • the rotor assembly 60 is rotated via a 4-pole motor assembly 124 forming stator components including motor iron 125, motor windings 126, and potting material 127 and rotor components including motor magnets 70.
  • FIG. 1 also shows radial support to the rotor assembly provided by fore and aft PM magnetic bearings.
  • the fore PM magnetic bearing includes rotor PM rings 68a and 68b and corresponding stator PM rings 121a and 121b.
  • the aft PM magnetic bearing includes rotor PM rings 68c and 68d and corresponding stator PM rings 121c and 121d.
  • the magnetization directions of the various PM components are indicated with arrows.
  • the PM magnetic bearings provide a radial magnetic spring force that stabilizes and centers the rotor assembly 60 with a positive spring characteristic
  • the PM magnetic bearings also create a negative spring characteristic in the axial direction which makes the rotor axially unstable.
  • a feedback-controlled voice-coil actuator acts on the rotor assembly 60 in the axial direction.
  • the voice-coil actuator is comprised of voice coils 129a and 129b wired such that current flows in opposite directions in the two coils 129a, 129b and thus interacts with magnets 71, 72, and 73 to produce an axial force in response to an electronically-controlled current in the coils 129a, 129b.
  • Magnet 68b also contributes to the function of the voice-coil actuator, as it is proximal to voice coil 129a and contributes to the radial magnetic field in voice coil 129a.
  • Feedback control of the voice-coil actuator in FIG. 1 is accomplished by using fore and aft position sensor coils 135 and 136. As the rotor assembly 60 moves fore and aft, the impedance of coils 135 and 136 change and the impedance change is interpreted as positional change by electronics external to the blood pump 20. A feedback control algorithm such as virtually zero power control is applied to the position signal to determine the voltage or current applied to the voice coils 129a and 129b.
  • stator housing 81 extends for a large fraction of the length of the blood pump 20.
  • Stator housing 81 forms the outside wall of annular flow gap 39, which is a large part of the blood flow path through the pump. Additionally, the stator housing 81 supports the stator PM rings 121a, 121b, 121c, 121d, the voice coils 129a, 129b, the motors coils 126, and motor iron 125.
  • Pump 220 includes a hollow housing having an inflow end 237, an outflow end 238, and a housing axis 201 extending between these ends.
  • the pump further includes a rotor 260 having a rotor axis 203, the rotor being disposed within the housing.
  • the rotor includes a first set of cylindrical rotor PM rings 268a-c disposed adjacent the inflow end 237 of the pump 220.
  • the first set of rotor PM rings have like magnetic poles of mutually-adjacent rings facing a ially toward one another. For example, the north pole of ring 268a faces toward the north pole of ring 268b.
  • the south pole of ring 268b faces toward the south pole of ring 268c.
  • the first set of rotor PM rings thus cooperatively constitute a first rotor permanent magnet 269 that is symmetrical about the rotor axis 203, and which has opposite magnetic poles axially spaced apart from one another in an alternating arrangement.
  • a south pole 271a at the end of the magnet defined by ring 268a
  • a north pole 271b at the juncture between rings 268a and 268b
  • a south pole 271c at the juncture of rings 268b and 268c
  • a south pole 271 d at the end of the magnet defined by ring 268c.
  • the rings are of uniform thickness, so that the each pole 271 of magnet 269 is spaced apart from the next adjacent pole of this magnet by a uniform spacing distance DS1.
  • the rotor further includes a second set of rotor PM rings 268d-f, which cooperatively constitute a second rotor permanent magnet 273 disposed adjacent the outflow end 238 of the pump.
  • the second rotor permanent magnet is similar to the first rotor permanent magnet.
  • magnet 273 is symmetrical about the rotor axis 203 and defines poles 275a-275d in alternating north pole and south pole sequence along axis 203.
  • the mutually-adjacent poles of magnet 273 are spaced apart from one another along the axis by a uniform spacing distance DS2.
  • a first set of cylindrical stator PM rings 321 a-c is fixed to the housing 281 of the pump 220 adjacent the inflow end 237 of the housing.
  • the first set of stator rings cooperatively constitutes a first stator permanent magnet 323.
  • This magnet Is tubular and symmetrical about the housing axis 201 and has poles 371a-371d in the same alternating sequence of south and north poles as the first rotor permanent magnet 269.
  • magnet 323 has a south pole 371 at the end closest to the inflow end 237 of the housing, followed by a north pole 371 b, and so on.
  • Mutually adjacent poles of first stator permanent magnet 323 are spaced apart from one another by the same spacing distance DS1 as the poles of the first rotor permanent magnet 269.
  • a second set of stator PM rings 321d-f is fixed to the housing 281 of the pump 220 adjacent outflow end 238. These rings cooperatively define a second stator permanent magnet 325. Magnet 325 is also tubular and symmetrical about the housing axis 201 and has alternating north and south poles 373a-373d In a sequence corresponding to the sequence of poles 275a-275d in the second rotor permanent magnet 273. Adjacent poles of the second stator permanent magnet 325 are axial ly spaced from one another at the same spacing distance DS2 as the poles of the second rotor permanent magnet 273.
  • stator permanent magnets 323 and 325 are slightly greater than the axial distance between the rotor permanent magnets 269 and 273.
  • Rotor 260 also has motor permanent magnets schematically depicted at 207.
  • a set of motor coils 209 is mounted to the housing 281.
  • the motor magnets and motor coils may be of conventional construction and are arranged to spin the rotor around its axis when the coils are energized by an appropriate drive circuit.
  • the rotor is also equipped with surfaces such as the vanes schematically depicted at 211, arranged to impel blood in the downstream direction indicated by arrow Q, from the inflow end 237 to the outflow end 238, upon rotation of the rotor about its axis.
  • the rotor axis 203 is coaxial with the housing axis 201.
  • First rotor P magnet 269 is largely received within the tubular first stator PM magnet 323, but the rotor magnet 269 is offset in a first axial direction from the stator magnet by an offset distance D01 , so that pole 271 d of the rotor magnet protrudes beyond pole 371 d of the stator magnet.
  • the first axial direction is the downstream direction indicated by arrow Q in FIG. 2A.
  • the first offset distance D01 is less than the spacing distance DS1 between adjacent poles of the first rotor magnet, and typically D01 is less than one-half DS1.
  • Second rotor magnet 273 is received within second stator magnet 325, but is offset therefrom by a second offset distance D02 in the second axial direction, opposite to the first axial direction.
  • the second rotor magnet is offset from the stator rotor magnet in the upstream direction, opposite to arrow Q in FIG. 2A.
  • the second offset distance D02 is less than the spacing distance DS2 between adjacent poles of the first rotor magnet, and typically D02 is less than one-half DS2.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates the interactions between the bearings.
  • the magnetic forces exerted by the poles of the stator magnets on the corresponding poles of the rotor magnets are depicted by the inclined arrows in FIG. 2. Because each pole of the rotor magnet is disposed closer to a like pole of the associated stator magnet, repulsive forces predominate over attractive forces. In the radial direction, the repulsive forces tend to hold each rotor magnet coaxial with the associated stator magnet. Because the poles of the first rotor magnet 269 are offset in the first axial direction (to the right in FIG.
  • the first stator magnet imparts a first axial force FA1 on the first rotor magnet 269 and thus on rotor 260.
  • This axial force is in the first axial direction, and thus in the downstream direction indicated by arrow Q.
  • the second stator magnet 325 Imparts a second axial force FA2 on the second rotor magnet 273, and thus on rotor 260 in the second axial direction.
  • the rotor permanent magnets 269, 273, and stator permanent magnets 323, 325 tend to keep the rotor 260 not only in radial alignment with the housing 281 of the pump 220, but also in axial alignment.
  • FIG. 3A shows an alternate embodiment of a blood pump 420.
  • pump 420 includes first and second sets of rotor PM rings 468a-c and 468d-f constituting first and second rotor permanent magnets 402 and 404 on the rotor 460.
  • Corresponding first and second stator permanent magnets 406 and 408 are formed by first and second sets of stator PM rings 521a-c and 521d-f on the housing 481 of the pump 420.
  • These permanent magnets may have the same configurations as the rotor and stator permanent magnets discussed above.
  • the rotor permanent magnets 402 and 404 are disposed farther from one another than the stator permanent magnets 406 and 408.
  • offsets between rotor and stator permanent magnets are the reverse of those shown in FIG 2A.
  • the first rotor permanent magnet 402 is largely received within the first stator permanent magnet 406, but is offset therefrom by an offset distance D01 in a first direction toward the inflow or upstream end 437 of the housing, i.e., to the left as seen in FIG. 3A.
  • the second rotor permanent magnet 404 is largely received within the second stator permanent magnet 408, but magnet 404 is offset from magnet 408 by an offset distance D02 in a second direction, toward the outflow or downstream end 438 of the housing.
  • Pump 420 also includes motor magnets and coils (not shown) for rotating rotor 460 about its axis 401 , as well as surfaces (not shown) on the rotor for impelling blood in a downstream direction toward the outflow end 438 of the housing upon rotation of the rotor.
  • first rotor permanent magnet 402 with first stator permanent magnet 406, and of second rotor permanent magnet 404 with second stator permanent magnet 408, levitate the rotor within housing 408 and provide both radial and axial positioning.
  • Repulsion of first rotor magnet 402 by first stator magnet 406 produces an first axial force FA1 in the first direction
  • second stator magnet 408 and second rotor magnet 404 apply a second axial force FA2 in the second, opposite direction on the rotor.
  • these forces balance one another. If the rotor 460 moves in the first direction (toward the inflow end 437 of the pump) from the equilibrium position depicted in FIG.
  • first axial force FA1 decreases and second axial force FA2 increases, so that there is a net restoring force in the second axial direction, toward the outflow end 438 of the pump 420.
  • the opposite effects occur upon movement of the rotor in the second axial direction from the equilibrium position.
  • the rotor is levitated within the housing and maintained in radial and axial position without the use of any other bearings or position control elements.
  • active position control elements such as a voice coil and feedback control circuitry are not used in this embodiment.
  • the pump can be simple and compact.
  • the magnetic bearing arrangements discussed above can be used in conjunction with additional magnetic, hydrodynamic, or other bearings, in conjunction with active position control elements, or both.
  • the number of poles in each of the first and second rotor permanent magnets can be varied.
  • the rotor permanent magnets may be formed from plural discs rather than from plural rings as in the embodiments discussed above.
  • each of the rotor permanent magnets and the stator permanent magnets may be formed as a unitary body of magnetic material with magnetization as required to provide the plural poles of each magnet, rather than from separate rings or discs.
  • the stator permanent magnets may be formed integrally with other elements of the rotor and stator.
  • Patterns of magnetization different from those discussed above can be used in the magnetic bearings as long as the magnets provide radial and axial forces that urge the rotor towards axial and radial equilibrium positions.
  • the arrangement of magnets can be modified so long as one pair of rotor and stator magnets provides an axial force on the rotor in a first direction that decreases upon movement of the rotor in the first direction, whereas another pair of rotor and stator magnets provides an axial force in a second, opposite direction, and that axial force decreases upon movement of the rotor in the second axial direction.
  • the rotor and stator magnets need not be cylindrical, as in the embodiments discussed above.
  • these magnets may be conical or frustoconical.
  • the poles of the rotor and stator permanent magnets need not be disposed at uniform spacing distances, and the spacing distances between a rotor permanent magnet need not be the same as the spacing distances between poles of the associated stator permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic intensity may vary from magnet type to magnet type and, therefore, the specific shape and size may vary from the specific embodiment shown.
  • the bearing arrangements can be used in pumps other than the axial flow pumps depicted herein.
  • the bearing arrangements can be using to support the rotor of a blood pump having radial flow or mixed axial and radial flow.
  • stator permanent magnets are tubular and the rotor permanent magnets are received within the stator permanent magnets.
  • the reverse arrangement can be used.
  • the rotor permanent magnets may be tubular, and the stator permanent magnets may be mounted on the spindle and received within the rotor permanent magnets.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Une pompe sanguine à écoulement axial comprend un boîtier de pompe et des premier et second aimants permanents de stator fixés sur le boîtier de pompe. Un ensemble rotor est disposé à l'intérieur du boîtier de pompe et comprend des premier et second aimants permanents de rotor. Le premier aimant permanent fixe peut être axialement décalé par rapport au premier aimant permanent de rotor et le second aimant permanent fixe peut être axialement décalé par rapport au second aimant permanent de rotor. Les aimants permanents agissent comme des paliers radiaux passifs qui maintiennent le rotor coaxial par rapport au boîtier et qui exercent également des forces axiales sur les premier et second aimants permanents de rotor pour solliciter le rotor en direction d'une position axiale d'équilibre par rapport au boîtier. Le rotor peut être suspendu et positionné à l'intérieur du boîtier uniquement par l'utilisation des aimants permanents.
PCT/US2013/041645 2012-05-17 2013-05-17 Pompe suspendue de façon magnétique WO2013173751A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261648289P 2012-05-17 2012-05-17
US61/648,289 2012-05-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013173751A1 true WO2013173751A1 (fr) 2013-11-21

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CN108883218A (zh) * 2016-04-01 2018-11-23 心脏器械股份有限公司 具有径向偏置转子的轴流式血液泵

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