WO2013166533A2 - Entraînement différentiel pour une installation de récupération d'énergie - Google Patents

Entraînement différentiel pour une installation de récupération d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013166533A2
WO2013166533A2 PCT/AT2013/000083 AT2013000083W WO2013166533A2 WO 2013166533 A2 WO2013166533 A2 WO 2013166533A2 AT 2013000083 W AT2013000083 W AT 2013000083W WO 2013166533 A2 WO2013166533 A2 WO 2013166533A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
machine according
drive
electrical machine
differential
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2013/000083
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013166533A3 (fr
Inventor
Gerald Hehenberger
Original Assignee
Gerald Hehenberger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gerald Hehenberger filed Critical Gerald Hehenberger
Publication of WO2013166533A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013166533A2/fr
Publication of WO2013166533A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013166533A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/08—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium circulating wholly within the machine casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/10—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium flowing in closed circuit, a part of which is external to the machine casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2720/00—Output or target parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2720/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B60W2720/106—Longitudinal acceleration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical machine with a rotor and a stator.
  • the invention further relates to an energy production plant, in particular wind turbine, with a drive shaft, a generator and a differential gear with three inputs and outputs, with a first drive to the drive shaft, an output to the generator and a second drive with a
  • Differential gear is a planetary gear.
  • Variable speed drives such as for power generation plants or industrial applications, in many cases require the use of a variable speed, on the one hand to increase the efficiency in the partial load range and on the other hand to control the torque or the speed in the drive train of the system.
  • variable speed generator solutions increasingly in the form of so-called permanent magnet-excited low-voltage synchronous generators in combination with IGBT frequency converters.
  • these solutions have the disadvantage that the plants are to be connected by means of transformers to the medium-voltage network and the necessary for the variable speed frequency correspondingly powerful and therefore a source of efficiency losses and unwanted failures.
  • differential drives are used, which directly to the medium-voltage network
  • Auxiliary drive which preferably provides a permanent magnet synchronous machine in combination with a smaller power IGBT frequency converter, use. This so-called
  • Servomotor is exposed due to the usually high gear ratio very high dynamic loads.
  • the high dynamic load in turn leads to a
  • the O2010 / 108209 proposes the lowest possible moment of inertia in order to optimize the control behavior for a differential drive system.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to be interpreted as an electric machine for use as a servomotor so that the demands for adequate cooling and a small
  • Fig. 2 shows the typical structure of a servo motor according to the state of
  • Fig. 3 shows an inventive encoding for a
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the servomotor according to FIG. 3 and FIG
  • Wind turbine is for an optimal performance coefficient
  • Partial load range to set a correspondingly low speed in order to ensure optimum aerodynamic efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 shows a possible principle of a differential drive for a wind turbine consisting of a differential stage 4 as a differential gear 11 to 13, a matching gear stage 5, an electric servomotor 6 and a
  • Frequency converter 7 The rotor 1 of the wind turbine, which sits on a drive shaft 2, drives a main gear 3 at.
  • the main transmission 3 is usually a 3-stage transmission with two
  • Planetary stages and a spur gear are also, especially when using higher-pole generators, with fewer stages, including in combination with so-called stepped planets or so-called power-split gear stages, executed.
  • the differential stage 4 is driven by the main transmission 3 via a pianist carrier 12 of the differential stage 4.
  • the generator 8 preferably a third-excited medium voltage synchronous generator, is connected to a ring gear 13 of the
  • Differential stage 4 is connected and driven by this.
  • a pinion 11 of the differential stage 4 is connected to the servo motor 6.
  • the speed of the servomotor 6 is controlled to ensure a constant speed of the generator 8 at a variable speed of the rotor 1 and to regulate the torque in the drive train of the wind turbine.
  • a multi-stage differential gear is selected in the case shown, which is an adjustment gear stage 5 in the form of a
  • Spur gear between the differential stage 4 and the servo motor 6 provides. Since in the range of the differential drive 6 and a massive clutch 14 as a connecting element between the main transmission and differential gear is under some circumstances a
  • this may be for the
  • Adjustment gear stage 5 can be realized either by large gear diameter or a multi-stage version of this adaptation gear stage 5.
  • the servo motor 6 is a three-phase machine, which is connected via a frequency converter 7 and a transformer 9 to the network. Due to the high dynamic requirements is as servo motor 6 is preferably a
  • the servomotor can in principle every conceivable type of electrical
  • Speed Ganerator x * Speed Rotor + y * Speed Se derotor , where the speed generator is constant and the factors x and y can be derived from the selected gear ratios of the main gearbox and the differential gearbox.
  • the torque on the rotor is determined by the upcoming wind supply and the aerodynamic efficiency of the rotor.
  • the ratio between the torque at the rotor shaft and that at the servo motor is constant, which increases the torque in the drive train through the
  • Servo motor is:
  • Torque Servoraoco torque Rotcr y / x, where the size factor y / x is a measure of the necessary design torque of the servomotor.
  • the power of the servomotor is essentially proportional to the product of percentage
  • Deviation of the rotor speed from its basic speed times rotor power Accordingly, a large speed range basically requires a correspondingly large dimensions of the
  • differential drive In order to make good use of the differential drive, it is operated both as a motor and as a generator. As a result, power is fed into differential stage 4 in motor operation and in regenerative mode
  • Operation power is taken from the differential stage 4.
  • this power is preferably fed into the network or taken from it. That is, the electric machine referred to as a servomotor 6 is operated both as a motor and as a generator.
  • Wind turbines namely variable flow rate.
  • the drive shaft is in each case from that of the flow medium,
  • wind turbine generator mentioned 6 is in eg industrial or pump drives a motor, in which case the power flow described in FIG. 1 turns over. Likewise, it is obvious that a drive is operated application-specific both motor and generator.
  • WO2010 / 108209 recommends a maximum moment of inertia for the differential drive J DA , majt , which can be calculated according to the following formula for a good control behavior of a wind power plant with an electric differential drive:
  • f A is an application factor, which is a measure of the control behavior of the wind turbine to be achieved.
  • Variable s ges is the ratio of the speed range of the
  • Wind turbine (s gas speed range differential drive / speed range rotor) and J R is the mass moment of inertia of the rotor of the wind turbine.
  • f A 0.2
  • Results can be achieved, where for applications with smaller f A additional effort to reduce the mass of the rotor of the differential drive is necessary.
  • Fig. 2 shows a typical configuration of a servomotor according to the prior art.
  • the rotor laminated core 22 is seated with preferably so-called embedded permanent magnet.
  • This design is preferably used for servomotors, which also work in the so-called field weakening range.
  • Performance field weakenability, dynamics, efficiency, etc.
  • Performance of the servo motor can lead.
  • the wound stator 23 In the housing 20 is the wound stator 23.
  • This housing 20 has, for example, a integrated water jacket, which has the task to dissipate the waste heat due to the power loss of the stator. Since the permanently magnetically excited rotor 22 often has only very low losses, it is not necessary to cool it separately.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show an embodiment of a servo motor according to the invention, which meets the above requirements.
  • Mass moment of inertia can also be designed as a hollow shaft, sits a laminated core 25, which has ventilation ducts 26.
  • the rotor 33 is essentially formed by the rotor shaft 21 and the laminated core 25.
  • a housing includes end shields 27, a water cooled jacket 28, and optionally one or more
  • Attachment parts 29, which receive cooling channels 30 and either cast with the water-cooled jacket 28 or are cast on this or attached as separate attachments.
  • Attachment parts 29 Through the ventilation ducts 26 and the cooling channels 30 can a
  • Circulating air flow which allows the heated air from the rotor, the heat emits when flowing through the cooling channels 30 in the water-cooled jacket 28 of the housing.
  • a separate heat exchanger can be integrated into the cooling air circuit.
  • the rotor 32 is so for example
  • Rotor shaft 21 are attached.
  • a separately (mechanically or electrically) driven fan in the cooling air circuit, whereby the cooling of the speed and the direction of rotation of the rotor shaft is independent. If one decides to use a fan 24 with variable air flow at different directions of rotation or speeds, it is important to note that the
  • Direction of rotation with higher cooling air throughput is the direction of rotation of the servomotor, which causes the higher rotor losses.
  • the cooling air ducts for guiding the cooling air or the fan wheel 24 are preferably designed so that the air gap between the laminated core 25 and the stator 23 is also ventilated and thus cooled.
  • Another improvement measure is to provide in the rotor laminations 25 substantially radial ventilation ducts in which the cooling air from the ventilation duct 26 can flow substantially radially outward into the air gap between the laminated core 25 and the stator 23. This will, i.a. also by the
  • the direction of rotation for optimal air flow for the two fans interpreted in opposite directions. This approach achieves approximately the same air throughput in both directions of rotation of the servomotor.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section of the servomotor according to FIG. 3.
  • two attachment parts 29 can be seen by way of example, which are the Record cooling channels 30.
  • the housing can also be carried out with only one or more than two attachments 29.
  • the number of attachments 29 ultimately depends on the extent of the losses to be cooled and the manufacturing capabilities.
  • the sprues 29 can also be omitted and the air flowing through the ventilation ducts 26 can also be separated
  • Refrigeration unit to be cooled.
  • cooling fins 31 are arranged in the cooling channels 30, which improved
  • a heat exchanger can be integrated into the cooling air circuit.
  • the ventilation ducts 26 In this sectional view of the servomotor, a possible embodiment of the invention for the ventilation ducts 26 is shown. Number, shape and position of these ventilation channels 26 depend on the number of pole pairs of the servomotor and the formation of the permanent magnets 34 in the rotor of the servomotor 6 from. In Fig. 4, the permanent magnets 34 are shown only for one pole, but in the real version on the entire circumference, according to the number of pole pairs of the rotor 32 of the servomotor, distributed.
  • the ventilation channels 26 should be radially as far outside as possible in order to realize the lowest possible moment of inertia or optimal cooling.
  • the permanent magnets 34 are preferably mounted in the region of the outer contour of the rotor. The ventilation channels are then to be positioned between the permanent magnets 34.
  • the permanent magnets 34 are simply or multiply executed per pole and can be single-layered or even
  • V-shaped arrangement as in Fig. 4, a single layer
  • the size, number and location eis ⁇ LIi ⁇ tungskanäle 26 is preferably selected so that in the rotor by the permanent magnets 34th
  • FIG. 5 shows the influence of the size of the ventilation ducts on the moment of inertia of the rotor 32 of the servomotor 6.
  • ventilation ducts in the amount of about 60% of
  • Sheet metal cross-section provide.
  • Ventilation channels 26 in the extent of a total of about 15% to 30% of the sheet metal cross-section can be achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Machine électrique pourvue d'un rotor et d'un stator, qui comporte dans le rotor (32) des canaux d'aération (26) à orientation axiale. La proportion de l'aire des canaux d'aération (26) à l'aire de section transversale du rotor (32) est d'au moins 5%, de préférence d'au moins 15%, plus préférentiellement de 30%, plus préférentiellement encore de 45% et idéalement d'au moins 60%. Le rotor présente ainsi tant un bon refroidissement qu'un faible moment d'inertie.
PCT/AT2013/000083 2012-05-10 2013-05-06 Entraînement différentiel pour une installation de récupération d'énergie WO2013166533A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA559/2012A AT512853B1 (de) 2012-05-10 2012-05-10 Differentialantrieb für eine Energiegewinnungsanlage
ATA559/2012 2012-05-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013166533A2 true WO2013166533A2 (fr) 2013-11-14
WO2013166533A3 WO2013166533A3 (fr) 2014-12-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2013/000083 WO2013166533A2 (fr) 2012-05-10 2013-05-06 Entraînement différentiel pour une installation de récupération d'énergie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AT (1) AT512853B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013166533A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3491271B1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2020-11-25 Voith Patent GmbH Dispositif d'entraînement et procédé de limitation de la vitesse de rotation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022107537A1 (de) 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Technische Universität Ilmenau, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Stromaggregat und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von elektrischem Strom mit konstanter Netzfrequenz

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2659650A1 (de) * 1976-12-30 1978-11-16 Siemens Ag Dauermagneterregte elektrische maschine
EP0649211A2 (fr) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Machine à induction et méthode de fabrication d'un rotor de la machine à induction
EP1248349A2 (fr) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-09 Miscel Oy Ltd. Moteur électrique asynchrone
DE10122425A1 (de) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-28 Siemens Ag Elektrische Maschine
US20040150270A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-08-05 Takashi Nagayama Fully enclosed type motor with outer fans
EP1953896A1 (fr) * 2005-11-09 2008-08-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Rotor pour machine rotative electrique et machine rotative electrique
WO2010108207A2 (fr) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Gerald Hehenberger Dispositif de production d'énergie, notamment éolienne
DE102009025929A1 (de) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-09 Ulrich Spevacek Läuferaufbau für eine permanentmagneterregte, rotierende elektrische Maschine
EP2360816A1 (fr) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-24 Indar Electric S.L. Ensemble pour monter des aimants sur un paquet de tôles de rotor

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2659650A1 (de) * 1976-12-30 1978-11-16 Siemens Ag Dauermagneterregte elektrische maschine
EP0649211A2 (fr) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Machine à induction et méthode de fabrication d'un rotor de la machine à induction
EP1248349A2 (fr) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-09 Miscel Oy Ltd. Moteur électrique asynchrone
DE10122425A1 (de) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-28 Siemens Ag Elektrische Maschine
US20040150270A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-08-05 Takashi Nagayama Fully enclosed type motor with outer fans
EP1953896A1 (fr) * 2005-11-09 2008-08-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Rotor pour machine rotative electrique et machine rotative electrique
WO2010108207A2 (fr) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Gerald Hehenberger Dispositif de production d'énergie, notamment éolienne
DE102009025929A1 (de) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-09 Ulrich Spevacek Läuferaufbau für eine permanentmagneterregte, rotierende elektrische Maschine
EP2360816A1 (fr) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-24 Indar Electric S.L. Ensemble pour monter des aimants sur un paquet de tôles de rotor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3491271B1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2020-11-25 Voith Patent GmbH Dispositif d'entraînement et procédé de limitation de la vitesse de rotation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013166533A3 (fr) 2014-12-11
AT512853A1 (de) 2013-11-15
AT512853B1 (de) 2014-08-15

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