WO2013165273A1

WO2013165273A1 - Method for converting energy from air or water flows

Info

Publication number: WO2013165273A1
Application number: PCT/RU2013/000066
Authority: WO
Inventors: Константин Серафимович ПАВЛОВИЧ; Алексей Константинович ПАВЛОВИЧ; Всеволод Мстиславович ПАВЛОВИЧ; Михаил Васильевич СИЗОВ; Роман Львович ХАРЛАНОВ
Original assignee: Pavlovich Konstantin Serafimovich; Pavlovich Aleksey Konstantinovich
Priority date: 2012-05-02
Filing date: 2013-01-30
Publication date: 2013-11-07
Also published as: RU2491445C1

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power engineering and can be used in wind power plants or in hydraulic power plants for generating electrical energy or for carrying out mechanical work. The method is characterized by the use of a power take-off shaft, to which a vane (1), directed into a flow in the direction of movement thereof or an aerodynamic profile is kinematically connected via a movable spindle. The power take-off shaft is in the form of a crankshaft (5). The vane (1) or aerodynamic profile is connected to the crankshaft (5) by a cord (4) which is additionally provided with short cords in the immediate vicinity of the vane. The cords limit the angle of incidence of the vane (1) within a specified range. With the aid of a device for controlling the angle of incidence (2), the angle of incidence of the vane (1) is abruptly changed from a minimum to a maximum. The invention is directed towards simplifying the design of a converter, which is realized on the basis of the method, reducing the metal content, increasing the technological effectiveness and reducing the specific cost of a kilowatt-hour of electrical energy generated.

Description

METHOD FOR CONVERTING AIR OR WATER ENERGY

STREAMS

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to the field of energy and can be used in

wind or hydropower plants to generate

electricity or to perform mechanical work [F03B3 / 12, F03B7 / 00, F03B3 / 02].

The prior art device that converts wind energy into electrical energy with the transfer of mechanical work to the working body, making

oscillatory motion (RU 2142572, IPC F03D5 / 06, publ. 10.12.1999). A disadvantage of the known converter is that it has a complex structure. In addition, to obtain useful work requires a large pressure head of the fluid. Also known is a wind energy converter acting on a tethered

aircraft, with the transfer of mechanical work to the working body,

making an oscillatory motion (RU 2109981, F03D5 / 06, publ. 04/27/1998). The known Converter contains an aircraft that holds the cable, a working body that performs a reciprocating motion, and a mechanism that performs useful work. The known converter allows the use of air flows, usually blowing at altitude. The disadvantage of this solution is the constructive complexity of kinematic relationships. The mechanism for transmitting wind movement to the working body has a complex structure and can quickly fail. A known installation for converting the energy of the flow of air or water flows, containing a power take-off shaft with which a wing or an aerodynamic profile is connected kinematically through a cable transmission, guided into the stream in the direction of its movement (WO2008034421, publ. 03/27/2008). This decision was made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this solution is the difficulty of connecting the wing with the power take-off shaft, which leads to the presence of large mechanical losses due to resistance to movement of the cable-block transmission elements.

The closest solution (prototype) is patent NL1017171 for a method of generating energy from a kite rotating a generator drum. The central sling is absent. The wing is attached by two bridles, the length of which is changed by means of a motor.

In this solution, the angle of attack changes the motor. As a result, there is a need to weight the kite with a motor and a power supply, there is an additional cost of electricity for the operation of the motor.

The motor is controlled by an external control signal (for example, a radio signal) to synchronize the movement of winches (reeling / unwinding the cable) and the wing (changing the angle of attack). As a result, there is a need to have a remote control system for the motor and winches.

The sling is alternately wound and unwound on winches, i.e. with reverse. As a result, the kinematics of the device is significantly complicated, difficulties arise with the conversion of the reverse movement of the winch into unidirectional rotation. The objective of the invention is to provide a method for converting wind energy, on the basis of which a relatively simple structure is formed

a converter, more reliable than the prototype, and capable of converting wind energy directly into the rotational movement of the working body with its subsequent use to generate electricity.

The present invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in simplifying the design of the converter, implemented on the basis of the method, reducing metal consumption, increasing manufacturability and, as a result, drastically reducing the unit cost of the generated kW * hour of electricity.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the method of converting the energy of the flow of air or water flows, characterized by the use of a power take-off shaft, with which a wing or an aerodynamic profile driven into the stream in the direction of its movement is kinematically connected through the movable axis, characterized in that the power take-off shaft is in the form of a crankshaft, and the wing or aerodynamic profile is connected with this crankshaft by a sling equipped in the immediate vicinity of the wing with additional short slings ( bridles), which provide for limiting the angle of attack of the wing in a given range, and using the device for controlling the angle of attack abruptly change the angle of attack of the wing from minimum to maximum, moving with moving mass

the accelerometer, rigidly connected with the cam, the axis of attachment of the main slings relative to the center of application of aerodynamic forces, depending on the direction of movement of the crankshaft.

The claimed solution differs from the prototype in that the angle of attack changes automatically (without a motor) depending on the position of the crankshaft by inertial forces acting on the accelerometer device for controlling the angle of attack. As a result, there is no need to weight the kite with a motor and power supply, there is no additional cost of electricity for the operation of the motor, i.e.

profitability.

The synchronization of the power take-off shaft (crankshaft) with the wing occurs automatically using the accelerometer device for controlling the angle of attack located on the wing. As a result, there is no need to have a remote control system for the motor and winches.

The sling directly rotates the crankshaft, rotating in one direction. As a result, the kinematics of the device is greatly simplified, there is no difficulty in converting the reverse movement of the winch to unidirectional rotation. The wing is controlled by changing the position of the central sling around the center of application of force (the length of the bridles is fixed). Inertial vibrations of the accelerometer displace the axis of the wing attachment to the sling in one direction or another in the groove in accordance with the direction of movement (forward / backward) of the crankshaft. This difference in itself characterizes the design features that determine the difference in principle of action.

These features are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The invention can be implemented on the basis of converters, the device of which is illustrated by a specific example, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result by a given set of features.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the power plant for various versions of the wing W 201

(aerodynamic profile), where 1 - Wing (aerodynamic profile, kite), 2 - Accelerometer device for controlling the angle of attack (AUUA) in the center of application of aerodynamic forces, 3 - Spacer, 4 - Sling, 5 - Crankshaft, 6 - Axis of rotation.

In FIG. 2 shows the angle of attack control device (УУУАА), where 7 is the cam of the УУУА, 8 is the axis of rotation, 9 is the inertial mass of the accelerometer, 10 is the rear auxiliary line (bridle), 11 is the front auxiliary line (bridle). Unstable neutral position. Any deviation of any parameter leads to a sharp change in the angle of attack in one direction or another.

FIG. 3. The movement of the wing forward (against the wind) until the angle of attack changes. The accelerometer moves the cam to the left. A counterclockwise torque occurs on the wing. The angle of attack decreases as long as the length of the sagging lower sling allows (until it is pulled). As soon as it is pulled, the force of its tension will balance the torque and the change in the angle of attack will stop. The system will again become balanced with respect to the wing (but the wing itself will have a net force moving it forward against the wind behind the crankshaft, but with little resistance).

FIG. 4. The movement of the wing forward (against the wind) after changing the angle of attack. The lower sling is taut.

FIG. 5. The movement of the wing back (downwind, working stroke). Before changing the angle of attack.

The accelerometer rolled back from the point of application of forces, creating a tipping moment, leading to a sharp increase in the angle of attack.

FIG. 6. The movement of the wing back (downwind, working stroke). After changing the angle of attack. The front sling (bridle) is taut.

In FIG. 7 shows an example of a generator operating in a water stream, similar to working in an air stream. Only for positioning the wing at the desired depth

it is advisable to use an additional float 16, where 12 is the Barge, 13 is the auxiliary slings (bridle), 14 is the guide rollers, 15 is the main line, 16 is the float.

The invention provides a direct conversion of the oscillatory movements of the wing into the rotational movement of the crankshaft with minimum material consumption and with maximum simplicity and reliability of the design of the power plant. An energy installation for converting the energy of the flow of air or water flows (Figure 1) contains a power take-off shaft 5, with which wing 1 or an aerodynamic profile kinematically connected to the stream in the direction of its movement is connected.

It is possible to use an inflatable wing lighter than air.

The power take-off shaft is made in the form of a crankshaft 5 (Figure 1), rotating around axis 6. A wing 1 or an aerodynamic profile is connected to this crankshaft by a sling 4, and the sling is attached to a movable axis, which is driven near the point of application of aerodynamic forces by means of a cam 7 (Fig. 2), which rotates in one direction or another the mass of the accelerometer 9 depending on the direction of rotation of the crankshaft.

Thus, in one half-cycle, air or water does a lot of work (let's call it positive, and in the second half-cycle it does a little, but in the opposite direction (let's call it negative). The total work will be useful work performed by the flow over the period.

The entire power plant can be placed on a platform that rotates about a vertical axis in the direction of the wind with a weather vane. To improve the uniformity of rotation and smoothing shocks on the axis b (Figure 1), you can position the flywheel. Also on the b axis you can place any number of elementary

(working on one wing) power plants in order to increase the total power, improve the uniformity of rotation and smooth out shocks (like cylinders in an internal combustion engine).

To increase the reliability of work (in particular, to exclude the possibility of touching the rotating parts of the crankshaft with slings, for example, with sharp changes in the wind direction), the slings themselves can be passed through the guide rollers.

Thus, the present invention provides the possibility of obtaining power take-off from the energy of a water or air flow of a medium using a simple kinematic design. The present invention is industrially applicable, as it can be manufactured by known technologies.

Claims

FORMULA

The method of converting the energy flow of air or water flows,

characterized by the use of a power take-off shaft, with which a wing or an aerodynamic profile driven into the flow in the direction of its movement is kinematically connected through the movable axis, characterized in that the power take-off shaft is made in the form of a crankshaft, and the wing or aerodynamic profile is connected to this crankshaft with a sling equipped in the immediate vicinity of the wing with additional short slings (bridles), which provide for limiting the angle of attack of the wing in a given range, and using the angle control device om attacks abruptly change the angle of attack of the wing from minimum to maximum, moving with the help of the moving mass of the accelerometer rigidly connected to the cam, the axis of attachment of the main sling relative to the center of application of aerodynamic forces depending on the direction of movement of the crankshaft.