WO2013159716A1

WO2013159716A1 - Gas outburst prevention and control method

Info

Publication number: WO2013159716A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/074710
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈凤平; 韩国伟; 曹海华
Original assignee: Chen Fengping
Priority date: 2012-04-28
Filing date: 2013-04-25
Publication date: 2013-10-31
Also published as: CN102635391A; CN102635391B

Abstract

A gas outburst prevention and control method, comprising: drilling a detection hole on the coal wall surface of a tunnel; acquiring a first pressure value of the coal wall surface and a second pressure value of the bottom of the detection hole; if the result obtained after subtracting the second pressure value from the first pressure value is greater than a preset threshold, then the site of the detection hole is a dangerous area having a gas pocket; drilling into the gas pocket in the dangerous area with an auger stem; after drilling to a predetermined depth in the gas pocket, stopping the feed of the auger stem and fixing the position; conveying gas and coal dust in the gas pocket into a coal-gas separator via the rotation of the auger stem; the coal-gas separator discharges the coal dust via a coal dust discharge pipe, and discharges the gas into an exclusive pumping pipe or a return airway via a gas discharge pipe. The present method can simply, accurately, reliably and efficiently detect a gas pocket in a coal bed, and eliminate the hidden danger of a physical explosion, thus avoiding harm to miner lives and properties caused by a gas outburst.

Description

Gas prevention and control method

The invention relates to a safe production technology in the field of coal mining, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling gas outburst. Background technique

Coal and gas outburst means that in the coal mining operation under the coal mine, under the action of the pressure difference, the broken coal and gas are suddenly ejected from the coal seam body to the mining space, which is another type of gas. phenomenon. It is extremely destructive.

At present, coal and gas outburst accidents are still the main disasters of the world's mines. Once they are prominent, they will seriously threaten the life safety of underground miners and cause huge economic losses. Since 1834, the world’s first coal and gas outburst occurred in the Eyak mine in Rua, France. So far, 22 countries including China, France, the former Soviet Union, Poland, Japan, Hungary, the United States, India, and South Africa have There have been prominent accidents in the region, causing huge losses to people's lives and property. Especially in China, as the depth of mining increases, the number of prominences is also increasing, threatening the life safety of miners.

Coal and gas outbursts have outstanding time uncertainty, and the uncertainty of the location is prominent. The prominent location may be the coal roadway face, or the mining face, and sometimes the roadway maintenance and expansion. While protruding strength, the gas may be tens of cubic meters, or millions of cubic meters. The protruding coal (rock) may be several tons, several tens of tons, or even thousands of tons, or even tens of thousands of tons.

If the scale of gas outburst reaches a certain level, it will cause immeasurable losses to people's lives and property. Therefore, strengthen the effective management of gas outbursts, fundamentally eliminate the occurrence of prominent accidents, and ensure the safety of people's lives and property. China and the world's gas outburst wells and coal mines urgently need to be solved. Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling gas outburst, which can detect, eliminate, and eliminate the physical explosion hazard of gas enthalpy in the coal seam simply, accurately, reliably, and efficiently, and avoid the harm caused by gas outburst to the life and property of the miner. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preventing gas outburst, comprising:

Step one, drilling a detection hole in the surface of the coal wall of the roadway;

Step 2: pressing a pressure detecting rod to press the surface of the coal wall to obtain a first pressure value, and pressing the bottom of the detecting hole by the pressure detecting rod to obtain a second pressure value; if the first pressure value is subtracted The result obtained after the second pressure value is greater than a predetermined threshold value, and the detection hole is a dangerous area where gas enthalpy exists;

Step three, drilling a gas raft into the dangerous area through an auger;

Step 4, stopping the feeding of the auger rod and fixing the position after drilling the predetermined depth of the gas raft, and transferring the gas and the pulverized coal in the gas raft to the coal gas separator by the rotation of the auger rod;

Step 5: The coal gas separator discharges the coal powder through a pulverized coal discharge pipe, and discharges gas into a special pumping pipe or a return air passage through a gas discharge pipe.

Preferably, the above prevention and treatment method further includes:

Step 6: detecting, by the detecting device, a gas concentration value of the gas discharge pipe, wherein the gas concentration value is less than the concentration safety value and the discharge amount of the pulverized coal discharge pipe is less than the discharge safety value, The prevention process is over.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned control method, in the fourth step, the flow rate of the gas and the pulverized coal is controlled by controlling the rotational speed of the spiral drill pipe.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned control method, in the third step, whether the gas enthalpy is drilled is determined by the bit pressure value of the auger or the feed resistance value of the auger;

In the fourth step, the predetermined depth is 0.3 to 1.5 meters.

Preferably, in the above control method, the auger shaft is a hollow drill pipe having a central passage through which the bit dust-reducing water is supplied.

Preferably, in the above control method, after the step 2, the method further comprises: determining a range of the gas enthalpy by providing a plurality of detecting holes.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned prevention and control method, before the step 1, the method further comprises: setting a ventilation system, a water supply system, and a steel structure to avoid the external charging operation.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned prevention and treatment method, the portion where the detection hole is drilled is located at a portion where the thickness of the coal seam is abrupt, a portion where the coal seam is originally misaligned, or a portion where the coal seam is coal-packed. Preferably, in the above-mentioned prevention and treatment method, the depth of the detection hole is determined according to the thickness of the coal seam, the type of the coal seam, and the depth of the mining footage.

Preferably, in the above control method, the coal gas separator is disposed on the auger shaft and is pressed and fixed by a pressing device.

At least the following technical effects exist in the embodiments of the present invention:

1) According to the invention, the relative pressure difference is detected by the corresponding detecting holes drilled in advance, because the normal coal seam is a plastomer, and the interior of the gas raft is a gas-solid mixed elastomer, and the pressure of the plastomer coal layer on the detecting rod is It is much larger than the gauge pressure of the inner elastic body on the probe rod. Therefore, by comparing whether the pressure on the surface of the coal wall and the bottom of the probe hole is abrupt, it is possible to detect whether or not there is gas enthalpy. The detection method is convenient, accurate, simple and effective.

2) The invention drills into the gas raft through the auger rod, because the auger rod rotates and travels, so that the gas enthalpy does not directly communicate with the outside, and does not cause gushing. After the auger is fixed, the auger can be used as a conveyor to safely and controlfully discharge the gas gradually, avoiding gas explosion, safe and reliable.

3) The invention avoids the risk of gas combustion and explosion by stopping the live working, and the safety of the personnel is ensured by the steel structure avoiding.

4) The portion of the invention for drilling the detecting hole is located at: a portion where the thickness of the coal seam is abrupt, a portion where the coal seam is originally misaligned, or a portion where the coal seam is coal-packed. Because these parts are areas where gas enthalpy is easily present, the chance of finding a gas raft quickly is increased. DRAWINGS

1 is a flow chart of steps of an embodiment of a method according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a structural view of an "anti-burst detecting device" employed in the method of the present invention; and Figure 3 is a structural view of an "anti-burst device" for implementing the method of the present invention. detailed description

The specific embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Through the analysis of a large number of prominent accidents and highlighting the actual situation of the scene, the present invention finds through the simulation experiments that the true phenomenon of gas explosion in the world mining industry for more than 100 years is that the outer shell of the same age as the coal seam and the raw material to be present in the coal seam is irregularly curved pear. Type or duck-shaped shape of the scorpion, its depth of expression is expressed more than 30m (internal pressure reaches 0.75MPa or more) There will be a physical explosion hazard.

Gas rafts may have multiple coal seams and multiple mines, and the distribution is irregular. It is randomly hidden in the coal seams where the coal seams are relatively thick or suddenly thickened, especially in the areas where the coal seams suddenly become thick and coal seams. The original misplacement causes the gap between the top and bottom plates to increase, and the thickened portion of the coal seam and the coal-clad portion of the coal seam are more dangerous places hidden by gas.

The wall of the gas clam shell is as delicate as the eggshell, and it has a strong sealing. If the coal seam and the top and bottom plates are not damaged, the wall thickness of the clam shell is always greater than the minimum limit wall thickness of the physical explosion, and it can be adjacent to the plasticity. Under the equilibrium of the same pressure (ground stress), the coal seam will last for thousands of years. Invasion is not only filled with gas (or carbon dioxide), but also filled with a coal-like solidified body that is entangled with the gas stream as it is squeezed. The mixture of 嚢 Nevas (or carbon dioxide) and coal solidified body not only has physical explosion characteristics under the action of ground stress (gravity), but also has slits for the cracks above the thickness of the protruding shell wall and the conventional anti-burst drilling. The blasting self-sealing function, which is also the traditional anti-burst technology has been very close to the truth of the gas, but failed to uncover its mysterious veil, but passed away with the gas, not only did not eliminate the gas outburst accident in the bud In the state, it has caused countless gas accidents with serious losses. The control of coal and gas outburst not only tests the wisdom of mankind, but also is a severe challenge faced by all mankind for more than 100 years.

In the past, traditional techniques were based on the perception detection after the event (prominence) has occurred, that is, before the event (protrusion) did not occur (relative motion), what magnetic field frequency, radar reflection, gas concentration change, and even noise It will not appear, and once the above phenomenon occurs, it indicates that a prominent accident has occurred. If the scale is up to a certain magnitude, the loss to the life and property of the miner will be irreparable.

In order to completely cure the gas outburst and eliminate the physical explosion phenomenon of gas smash in the bud, it is necessary to have a set of effective methods, which can not only find the location and location of the gas raft in the coal sea, but also easily and accurately. The physical explosion hazard can be eliminated with reliable and efficient technical measures to ensure the safe production of coal mines.

1 is a flow chart of the steps of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling gas outburst, including:

Step 101: drilling a detection hole in a surface of a coal wall of the roadway;

Step 102: Pressing a pressure detecting rod to press the surface of the coal wall to obtain a first pressure value, and pressing the bottom of the detecting hole by the pressure detecting rod to obtain a second pressure value; if the first pressure value is subtracted The result obtained after the second pressure value is greater than a predetermined threshold value, The detection hole is a dangerous area where gas enthalpy exists;

Step 103: drilling a gas raft into the dangerous area through an auger;

Step 104: stopping the feeding of the auger rod after drilling a predetermined depth of the gas, and transferring the gas and coal powder in the gas to the coal gas separator by the rotation of the auger;

Step 105: The coal gas separator discharges the coal powder through a pulverized coal discharge pipe, and discharges gas into a special pumping pipe or a return air passage through a gas discharge pipe.

It can be seen that the invention detects the relative pressure difference through the corresponding detection holes drilled in advance, because the normal coal seam is a plastomer, and the interior of the gas raft is a gas-solid mixed elastomer, and the viscous coal seam is on the gauge pressure of the probe. It is much larger than the gauge pressure of the inner elastic body on the probe rod. Therefore, by comparing whether the pressure on the surface of the coal wall and the bottom of the probe hole is abrupt, it is possible to detect whether or not there is gas enthalpy.

Moreover, the present invention drills into the gas raft through the auger rod, because the auger rod rotates and travels so that the gas enthalpy does not directly communicate with the outside, and does not cause gushing. After the auger is fixed, the auger can be used as a conveyor to safely and controlfully discharge the gas gradually, avoiding gas spurting, safe and effective.

In a preferred embodiment, the gas concentration value of the gas discharge pipe may be detected by the detecting device, wherein the gas concentration value is less than the concentration safety value and the discharge amount of the pulverized coal discharge pipe is less than the discharge safety value, Explain that the gas has been safely drained, and the prevention and control process for gas hazards can be ended.

Wherein, in the step 104, the flow rate of the gas and the pulverized coal can be controlled by controlling the rotational speed of the auger.

In the step 103, whether the gas enthalpy is drilled by the bit pressure value of the auger rod or the feed resistance value of the auger rod; in the step 104, drilling into the gas raft The predetermined depth may be 0.3 to 1.5 meters.

Wherein, the auger shaft is a hollow drill pipe having a central passage through which the bit is used to supply dust reduction water.

After the step 102 determines that there is a gas enthalpy, the method further comprises: determining a range of the gas enthalpy by setting a plurality of detecting holes.

Before the step 101, the method further includes: setting a ventilation system, a water supply system, and a steel structure to avoid the external charging operation. The live working is stopped to avoid gas explosion and explosion. The steel structure is used to protect people's safety. In a preferred embodiment, the portion where the detecting hole is drilled is located at: a portion where the thickness of the coal seam is abrupt, a portion where the coal seam is originally misaligned, or a portion where the coal seam is coal-packed. Because these parts are parts that are prone to gas enthalpy.

Wherein, the depth of the detecting hole is determined according to the thickness of the coal seam, the type of the coal seam and the depth of the mining footage.

2 is a structural view of an "anti-burst detecting device" used in the method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the "anti-burst detecting device" includes: a detecting hole 1, a detecting rod 2, a cylinder rod 3, a cylinder 4, Bracket holder 5, adjustable horizontal bracket 6, hydraulic oil pipe 7, hydraulic oil tank 8, distribution valve 9, lever 10, pressure gauge 1 1 , hydraulic pump 1 2, coupling 13, motor 14, base 15, lower bracket 16 , roadway coal wall 17.

The detection process is: Using the "anti-burst detection device", the relative pressure difference is detected by the absolute pressure difference detection method through the corresponding impingement hole drilled in advance, and the relative pressure difference is detected. Because the normal coal seam is a plastomer, and the interior of the gas raft is a gas (gas) solid (coal) mixed elastomer, so at the same depth, the frictional force (gauge pressure) of the plastid coal seam on the probe is far greater. The friction force (gauge pressure) of the elastomer on the probe rod in the crucible. If the above-mentioned situation is found in a certain exploration hole or multiple exploration holes during the anti-surge detection operation, it can be determined that there is gas 嚢 inside the coal in the exploration hole, and otherwise, no gas 嚢 exists.

3 is a structural view of an "anti-burst device" for implementing the method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the "anti-burst device" includes: a detecting hole 31, a drill bit 32, a discharge hole 33, and a drill pipe 34. a discharge hole sealing support device 35, a spray nozzle 36, a coal gas separator 37, a pressing device 38, a guide sleeve 39, a drill rod driver 310, a speed reducer 31 1 , a drive motor 312, a slide base 313, a feed device 314, handle 315, cable 316, horizontal bracket 317, screw bracket seat 318, lift adjuster 319, rear bracket 320, guide rail 321, adjustable front bracket 322, pulverized coal discharge pipe 323, gas drainage pipe 324, gas detection Instrument 325.

If through the above detection, it is found that there is gas 嚢, use the "anti-burst drilling device" of Figure 3 to carry out the drill-and-drilling operation under the controllable state, the method is to use the principle of spiral braking to (Gas) solid (coal) mixture, in the quantitative discharge of auger, with water spray and dust concentration, gas concentration monitoring, dust-free coal (rock) and high-concentration gas diversion, respectively, are discharged as required, coal (rock It can be directly loaded into the mine to be transported out of the wellhead; the gas flow can be discharged into a dedicated gas drainage pipeline or introduced into the atmospheric airflow. By performing pressure relief drilling and discharging treatment, the gas explosion with physical explosion risk is lost, and the outstanding danger is eliminated in the germination state, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the mining operation, and the miner casualty accident can be avoided. Occurs, reduces traditional anti-burst costs, improves mining efficiency, and increases economic efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the method for preventing and controlling gas outburst of the present invention is as follows: Firstly, according to the thickness of the coal seam to be protected, the spacing of the probe holes and the depth of the borehole are determined, and then the area of the coal pressure is determined by the "anti-burst detection device" (exploration) After the maximum pressure value, connect the probe rod to the bottom of the hole, and then carry out controlled pressurization. If the maximum pressure value at the bottom of the probe is not significantly different from the measured pressure value, and the jacking is difficult, then the probe There is no gas 嚢 inside the pore coal seam. If the maximum pressure value at the bottom of the hole is very different from the measured pressure value, and the probe is pushed in and labor-saving, it can be determined that there is gas enthalpy inside the coal seam and there is a danger of physical explosion (protrusion). If no gas enthalpy is found in one of the detection holes detected by the mining operation, the mining operation can perform normal mining activities and carry out the next round of anti-burst detection steps under the requirements of the protection specification. If during the drilling process, it is found that there is gas enthalpy inside the coal seam, and after determining the size of the carcass, it is necessary to use the "anti-burst drilling device" to control the pressure relief by the pressure relief drill (physical explosion). eliminate. The elastic pressure inside the gas raft is reduced to a normal pressure state, thereby eliminating the risk of protrusion (physical explosion). The purpose of the contact absolute pressure difference detection and drilling method is to increase the accuracy of the outburst to 100% and to reduce the (physical explosion) accident to zero. While ensuring safe production, it will fundamentally eliminate gas outburst accidents, greatly reduce traditional anti-burst costs, simplify the spin-spin procedure, and improve the economic benefits of prominent mines.

In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of the protrusion prevention are:

First, the detection of gas

1. First use the "anti-protrusion detection device" to push the coal body into the top pressure test, and determine the reference pressure value in the range of 20-30MPa.

2. Using the "anti-burst drilling device", according to the working surface condition and the thickness of the coal seam, first drill holes of diameters of Φ 60, φ 75, φ 89 and so on.

3. Using the "anti-burst detection device", on the basis that the required probe hole has been drilled, use the diameter of the φ 50, φ 63, φ 75, and the probe ejector with the plunger type pressure sensor on the side of the tip section Under the push of the jack pressure of the device, the shearing jacking of the coal at the bottom of the probe hole is detected. If the top pressure value and the reference pressure value are close to each other, it means that there is no gas 内部 inside the probe hole, and the next one can be performed. Probe operation. If the shearing jacking of the coal body at the bottom of the hole is detected, it is found that the jack gauge pressure suddenly decreases during the jacking process, or is much smaller than the gauge pressure of the probe end section pressure sensor, indicating that the probe hole exists internally. Gas is no doubt. After the discovery of the presence of gas 嚢, it should be based on the thickness of the coal seam and the type of operation, that is: The working surface is coal roadway excavation; it is mining; it is Shimen uncovering coal; it is also a new well, or the deepening of the original well, and it is carried out by hole-by-hole detection until the gas scale and contour are clearly understood.打 Drilling and arranging (physical explosion) work lays a good foundation.

Second, the gas drill

1. After using the "anti-burst detection device", it has been proved that there is the existence and scale and contour of the gas inside the coal seam. First, use the "anti-burst device" and DYK-60-110-190, DYK-60. -125-205, DYK-60-135-215 and other tapered reamer (drill), drilled into the tapered seat hole for installing the discharge splitter. Install the diverter to make it integral with the drilling rig (rig), and then pass the jack at the end of the rig, relying on the lane lining to tighten the device as a whole, so that the drilling process is stable and reliable. Select the corresponding drill pipe special drill pipe, the specifications are: DYL-50-100-800, DYL-50-113-800, DYL-50-125-800, etc., in the orientation of the guide head, the water injection hole is expanded The hole is drilled and stops when the auger is drilled to the inside of the known gas raft wall by 0.5 m. Then the drill pipe is disconnected at the position of the diverter, the sealing joint is connected, the starting device rotates the drill pipe, but the feed pipe is not fed. At this time, the auger drill pipe becomes a screw returning machine, and the gas is officially entered into the gas discharge. Pressure discharge operation.

During the pressure relief drilling process of the gas raft: the water supply at the top of the drill pipe can not be interrupted during drilling and discharge; the water supply spray inside the diverter can not be interrupted during discharge; the discharge must be through a small explosion-proof axial flow fan, which will be highly concentrated ( 100%) Gas is introduced into a dedicated drainage pipe or introduced into the return air passage through a dedicated air duct.

During the drilling operation, all live working operations are stopped within the gas emission range, and the drilling and drainage site must have a simple air evasion, water supply, supply and steel structure to avoid the safety of the gas drainage drill, and the drilling After the pulverized coal is sprayed and dusted, it should be cleared and removed in time to ensure the clean and smooth working environment.

As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

1) The invention detects the relative pressure difference through the corresponding detection holes drilled in advance, because the normal coal seam is a plastomer, and the interior of the gas raft is a gas-solid mixed elastomer, and the viscous coal seam is on the gauge pressure of the probe rod. It is much larger than the gauge pressure of the inner elastic body on the probe rod. Therefore, by comparing whether the pressure on the surface of the coal wall and the bottom of the probe hole is abrupt, it is possible to detect whether or not there is gas enthalpy. The detection method is convenient, accurate, simple and effective.

2) The invention drills into the gas raft through the auger rod, because the auger rod rotates and travels, so the gas raft does not directly communicate with the outside world, and does not cause gushing. After fixing the auger shaft, the auger pipe can be used as a conveyor to safely and controlfully discharge the gas gradually, avoiding gas spraying. Surge, safe and reliable.

4) The portion of the invention for drilling the detecting hole is located at: a portion where the thickness of the coal seam is abrupt, a portion where the coal seam is originally misaligned, or a portion where the coal seam is coal-packed. Because these parts are areas where gas enthalpy is easily present, the chance of finding a gas raft quickly is increased.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

Rights request

A method for preventing and controlling gas outburst, characterized in that it comprises:

Step three, drilling a gas raft into the dangerous area through an auger;

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: step six, detecting, by the detecting device, a gas concentration value of the gas discharge pipe, wherein the gas concentration value is less than a concentration safety value and the coal Under the condition that the discharge of the powder discharge pipe is less than the discharge safety value, the prevention and control process of the gas hazard prominent end is completed.

The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the flow rate of the gas and the pulverized coal is controlled by controlling a rotational speed of the auger.

4. The method of controlling according to claim 1, wherein

In the third step, determining whether the gas enthalpy is drilled by the bit pressure value of the auger rod or the feed resistance value of the auger rod;

In the fourth step, the predetermined depth is 0.3 to 1.5 meters.

The method according to claim 1, wherein the auger shaft is a hollow drill pipe having a central passage through which the bit is used for dust reduction.

The method according to claim 1, further comprising: after the step 2:

The range of the gas enthalpy is determined by setting a plurality of detecting holes.

The method of claim 6, wherein before the step 1, the method further comprises: setting a ventilation system, a water supply system, and a steel structure to avoid the raft, stopping the outside Part of the live work.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the detecting hole is drilled at:

The part where the thickness of the coal seam is abrupt, the part where the coal seam is originally dislocated, or the part where the coal seam is coal-packed.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the depth of the detecting hole is determined according to a thickness of the coal seam, a type of the coal seam, and a depth of the mining footage.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the coal gas separator is disposed on the auger shaft and is pressed and fixed by a pressing device.