WO2013157971A1 - Resistant heating element - Google Patents
Resistant heating element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013157971A1 WO2013157971A1 PCT/PL2013/000056 PL2013000056W WO2013157971A1 WO 2013157971 A1 WO2013157971 A1 WO 2013157971A1 PL 2013000056 W PL2013000056 W PL 2013000056W WO 2013157971 A1 WO2013157971 A1 WO 2013157971A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- walls
- fact
- resistant
- per
- clamps
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/062—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using electric energy supply; the heating medium being the resistive element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/18—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being embedded in an insulating material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
- F24H2250/02—Resistances
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
- F24H9/0057—Guiding means
- F24H9/0063—Guiding means in air channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
- H05B2203/024—Heaters using beehive flow through structures
Definitions
- the invention covers a resistant heating element which is to be applied mainly to heat gases and liquids.
- the spirals are made of resistance wires and fitted into casings.
- the devices are used to heat rooms with a stream of warm air heated with the heating element which warms up as a result of the current flowing through it and the flowing air collects heat from the heating element.
- Description RU2308822 shows a heating element in the form of a rectangular panel made of canals with the hexagonal section. Plates are glued to the narrow sides of the panel with a gluing compound made of the same substance as the panel so that the space of the last rows of openings is filled in with the compound.
- the gluing compound of the last plate contains contacts to which electricity is supplied.
- the contacts supplying electricity heat up to the temperature of the heating element and when turned on several times, the contacts heat up to such a high temperature that they stop functioning and stop performing their function.
- the resistant heating element preferably in the form of a rectangular prism, with through openings located parallel to each other, in the invention is characterised by the fact that the external walls of the element, in contact with the clamps supplying electricity, are thicker than the other walls of the element, and the thickness of the external walls is equivalent to 1 ,25 to 3 times the thickness of the other walls. It is preferable that the external walls, at the sides in contact with the clamps supplying electricity, contain a well conductive coat.
- the coat may be of metal; it is preferable that the coat on the surface of the external walls has been electroplated. I he electroplated coat of a good conducive material, for instance of copper, increases the conductivity of the fragment of the resistant element and restricts the heating of the wall to which electricity to the element is supplied.
- the thicker wall in contact with the clamps supplying electricity to the resistant element also prevents overheating of the contact place with the power supply clamps.
- the effect of the solution is that during operation, the temperature of the coated fragments is lower than the temperature of the other parts of the heating element.
- the invention is presented in exemplary executions in which in fig. 1 it presents a perspective view of the heating clement, fig. 2 - top view, fig. 3 - an enlarged fragment from fig. 1 with a view of the clamps supplying electricity, fig. 4 - bottom view of the heater with fitted resistant heating elements, fig. 5 - view of heating elements fitted in the heater, fig. 6 - perspective view of the heating element with openings with a hexagonal outline, fig. 7 - top view of the element from fig. 6, fig. 8 - an enlarged fragment from fig. 6, and fig. 9 - side view of the element from fig. 6.
- the resistant heating element 1 is a rectangular prism with a rectangular base and contains openings 2 with square section, located perpendicular to the base of the rectangular prism.
- the thickness g2 of the external walls 3 on the shorter sides of the rectangular base are 1.5 times thicker than the thickness g1 of the other walls of the heating element.
- the heating element is made of a composite containing 24% dry mass of graphite and 76% of silty mineral in the form of kaolin.
- ana Tig. y - tne neating element 1a is a rectangular prism with openings 2a with a hexagonal outline.
- the sides 3 to which electrical current is connected is covered with a metallic coat P up to the height of one row of openings 2a.
- the increased thickness g2 of the external walls 3 in relation to the thickness g1 of the other walls of the heating element restricts the beating of the walls to which electricity is supplied to the element and prevents overheating of the place of contact with the electricity supplying clamps.
- the electroplated coat of a copper increases the conductivity of the fragment of the resistant element and restricts the heating of the wall to which electricity to the element is supplied. *file effect of the solution is that during operation, the temperature of the coated fragments P is lower than the temperature of the other parts of the heating element.
- Fig. 4 and fig. 5 present the resistant heating elements 1 fitted in heater 5 which is made of thin walls fitted on legs and has a form similar to a rectangular prism without a bottom with all outlet opening 6 located at an angle to the vertical plane.
- the resistant heating elements warm up the air that flows around their walls and the air gets out with an outflow opening 6.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The resistant heating element, preferably in the form of a rectangular prism, with through openings located parallel to each other, is characterised by the fact that the external walls (3) of the element, in contact with the clamps (4) supplying electricity, have a greater thickness (g2) than the other walls of the element. The thickness (g2) of the external walls to which electricity is supplied is equivalent to 1,25 to 3 times the thickness (g1) of the other walls. The external walls (3) of the element, in contact with clamps (4) supplying electricity, contain a coat (P) that is well conductive, preferably made of metal. The resistant element, as in the invention, is made of a composite containing graphite and silty mineral, preferably kaolin.
Description
Resistant heating element
The invention covers a resistant heating element which is to be applied mainly to heat gases and liquids.
There are resistant heating elements in the form of spirals used to heat rooms. The spirals are made of resistance wires and fitted into casings. The devices are used to heat rooms with a stream of warm air heated with the heating element which warms up as a result of the current flowing through it and the flowing air collects heat from the heating element.
Description RU2308822 shows a heating element in the form of a rectangular panel made of canals with the hexagonal section. Plates are glued to the narrow sides of the panel with a gluing compound made of the same substance as the panel so that the space of the last rows of openings is filled in with the compound. The gluing compound of the last plate contains contacts to which electricity is supplied. In this solution, the contacts supplying electricity heat up to the temperature of the heating element and when turned on several times, the contacts heat up to such a high temperature that they stop functioning and stop performing their function.
The resistant heating element, preferably in the form of a rectangular prism, with through openings located parallel to each other, in the invention is characterised by the fact that the external walls of the element, in contact with the clamps supplying electricity, are thicker than the other walls of the element, and the thickness of the external walls is equivalent to 1 ,25 to 3 times the thickness of the other walls. It is preferable that the external walls, at the sides in contact with the clamps supplying electricity, contain a well conductive coat. The coat may be of metal; it is preferable that the coat on
the surface of the external walls has been electroplated. I he electroplated coat of a good conducive material, for instance of copper, increases the conductivity of the fragment of the resistant element and restricts the heating of the wall to which electricity to the element is supplied. Additionally, the thicker wall in contact with the clamps supplying electricity to the resistant element also prevents overheating of the contact place with the power supply clamps. The effect of the solution is that during operation, the temperature of the coated fragments is lower than the temperature of the other parts of the heating element.
There is a solution whereby all walls of the first rows of the openings are coated with a well conducive metal. Coating of the surfaces of the walls making up the rows of openings enlarges the zones with a lower temperature of the element. The zones are favourable due to connection to the electricity supplying clamps.
The invention is presented in exemplary executions in which in fig. 1 it presents a perspective view of the heating clement, fig. 2 - top view, fig. 3 - an enlarged fragment from fig. 1 with a view of the clamps supplying electricity, fig. 4 - bottom view of the heater with fitted resistant heating elements, fig. 5 - view of heating elements fitted in the heater, fig. 6 - perspective view of the heating element with openings with a hexagonal outline, fig. 7 - top view of the element from fig. 6, fig. 8 - an enlarged fragment from fig. 6, and fig. 9 - side view of the element from fig. 6.
The resistant heating element 1 is a rectangular prism with a rectangular base and contains openings 2 with square section, located perpendicular to the base of the rectangular prism. The thickness g2 of the external walls 3 on the shorter sides of the rectangular base are 1.5 times thicker than the thickness g1 of the other walls of the heating element. The heating element is made of a composite containing 24% dry mass of graphite and 76% of silty mineral in the form of kaolin.
The external surfaces of the walls 3 in contact with the clamps 4 supplying electricity and the surfaces of the walls of the first rows of openings on the shorter sides of the rectangular base are electroplated with copper.
In the solution presented in fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8 ana Tig. y - tne neating element 1a is a rectangular prism with openings 2a with a hexagonal outline. The sides 3 to which electrical current is connected is covered with a metallic coat P up to the height of one row of openings 2a.
The increased thickness g2 of the external walls 3 in relation to the thickness g1 of the other walls of the heating element restricts the beating of the walls to which electricity is supplied to the element and prevents overheating of the place of contact with the electricity supplying clamps. The electroplated coat of a copper increases the conductivity of the fragment of the resistant element and restricts the heating of the wall to which electricity to the element is supplied. *file effect of the solution is that during operation, the temperature of the coated fragments P is lower than the temperature of the other parts of the heating element.
Fig. 4 and fig. 5 present the resistant heating elements 1 fitted in heater 5 which is made of thin walls fitted on legs and has a form similar to a rectangular prism without a bottom with all outlet opening 6 located at an angle to the vertical plane. The resistant heating elements warm up the air that flows around their walls and the air gets out with an outflow opening 6.
Claims
1. The resistant heating element, preferably in the form of a rectangular prism, with through openings located parallel to each other, characterised by the fact that the external walls (3) of the element, in contact with the clamps (4) supplying electricity, have a greater thickness (g2) than the other walls of the element.
2. The resistant element, as per claim I, is characterised by the fact that the thickness (g2) of the external walls to which electricity is supplied is equivalent to 1.25 to 3 times the thickness (g1 ) of the other walls.
3. The resistant element, as per claim I. is characterised by the fact that it is made of a composite containing graphite and a silty mineral, preferably kaolin.
4. The resistant element, as per claim 3, is characterised by the fact that kaolin preferably constitutes 76% of the dry mass of the composite and graphite preferably constitutes 24% of the dry mass.
5. The resistant element, as per claim I, is characterised by the fact that the external walls (3) of the element, in contact with the clamps (4) supplying electricity, contain a coat (P) that is well conductive, preferably made of metal.
6. The resistant element, as per claim 5, is characterised by the fact that the coat (3) of a well conductive metal is electroplated.
7. The resistant element, as per claim 5 or 6, is characterised by the fact that the coat (P) is made of copper.
8. The resistant element, as per claim 1 or 7, is characterised by the fact that the coat (P) made of a well conductive metal is on all walls on the first row of openings (2, 2a) located on the sides of the element whose surfaces are in contact with the clamps (4) supply ing electricity.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL398907A PL398907A1 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2012-04-20 | A resistance heating element |
| PLPL398907 | 2012-04-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013157971A1 true WO2013157971A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
Family
ID=48607337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/PL2013/000056 WO2013157971A1 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2013-04-20 | Resistant heating element |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL398907A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013157971A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743112A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric heating device for large-section air channel uniform flow field |
| WO2016027255A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | Formaster S.A. | Heating module |
| CN111089424A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-05-01 | 东翰生技股份有限公司 | Heating device and heating sheet fixing frame thereof |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5232882A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1993-08-03 | Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Ozone decomposing reactor regeneration |
| US5588292A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-12-31 | Shimadzu Corporation | Exhaust gas purifier |
| US6097011A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 2000-08-01 | Corning Incorporated | Electrically heatable activated carbon bodies for adsorption and desorption applications |
| US20030209534A1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-13 | Ferguson Lucian G. | Tapecast electro-conductive cermets for high temperature resistive heating systems |
| EP1528837A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-04 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Electrically heatable plastic matrix |
| RU2308822C1 (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2007-10-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НТЦ Радиатор" | Electric heating unit |
| EP1935684A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-25 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Electric heater or auxiliary heater, in particular for a heating or air conditioning system of a motor vehicle |
| EP2375020A2 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-12 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Honeycomb structure |
| US20120076698A1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-29 | Denso Corporation | Honeycomb structural body and electrical heated catalyst device |
-
2012
- 2012-04-20 PL PL398907A patent/PL398907A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2013
- 2013-04-20 WO PCT/PL2013/000056 patent/WO2013157971A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5232882A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1993-08-03 | Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Ozone decomposing reactor regeneration |
| US6097011A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 2000-08-01 | Corning Incorporated | Electrically heatable activated carbon bodies for adsorption and desorption applications |
| US5588292A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-12-31 | Shimadzu Corporation | Exhaust gas purifier |
| US20030209534A1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-13 | Ferguson Lucian G. | Tapecast electro-conductive cermets for high temperature resistive heating systems |
| EP1528837A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-04 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Electrically heatable plastic matrix |
| RU2308822C1 (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2007-10-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НТЦ Радиатор" | Electric heating unit |
| EP1935684A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-25 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Electric heater or auxiliary heater, in particular for a heating or air conditioning system of a motor vehicle |
| EP2375020A2 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-12 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Honeycomb structure |
| US20120076698A1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-29 | Denso Corporation | Honeycomb structural body and electrical heated catalyst device |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743112A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric heating device for large-section air channel uniform flow field |
| WO2016027255A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | Formaster S.A. | Heating module |
| US20170238366A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2017-08-17 | Formaster S.A. | Heating module |
| US11076452B2 (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2021-07-27 | Formaster S.A. | Heating module |
| CN111089424A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-05-01 | 东翰生技股份有限公司 | Heating device and heating sheet fixing frame thereof |
| CN111089424B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2021-04-16 | 东翰生技股份有限公司 | Heating device and heating sheet fixing frame thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL398907A1 (en) | 2013-10-28 |
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