WO2013149596A1 - 基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取 - Google Patents

基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013149596A1
WO2013149596A1 PCT/CN2013/073767 CN2013073767W WO2013149596A1 WO 2013149596 A1 WO2013149596 A1 WO 2013149596A1 CN 2013073767 W CN2013073767 W CN 2013073767W WO 2013149596 A1 WO2013149596 A1 WO 2013149596A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mobile device
mobile
event
location
prefetch
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PCT/CN2013/073767
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张国飙
Original Assignee
Zhang Guobiao
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Publication of WO2013149596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013149596A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
    • G06Q10/109—Time management, e.g. calendars, reminders, meetings or time accounting
    • G06Q10/1093—Calendar-based scheduling for persons or groups
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
    • G06Q10/109—Time management, e.g. calendars, reminders, meetings or time accounting
    • G06Q10/1093—Calendar-based scheduling for persons or groups
    • G06Q10/1095—Meeting or appointment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic systems and, more particularly, to mobile communications between electronic devices and the Internet.
  • the mobile Internet combines mobile communications with the Internet to enable mobile devices to access the Internet in a wide geographical area.
  • Consumers use mobile broadband terminals (such as 3G) Devices such as terminals can connect their computers (including personal computers or laptops) to the Internet.
  • mobile broadband terminals such as 3G
  • mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets, have built-in mobile broadband chips.
  • the online cost of mobile Internet is very expensive.
  • the present invention proposes a location based prefetch and participant based prefetching, as well as systems and methods for supporting them.
  • the prefetch system includes a mobile device, a prefetch server, and an information network.
  • the mobile device predicts user events (ie, future events) that may occur and passes this future event information to the prefetch server.
  • the prefetch server filters information related to the future event (ie, specific event information) and connects via inexpensive mass data transmission (eg Wi-Fi , Mobile or broadband during off-peak hours, etc.) Transfer this specific event information back to the mobile device.
  • the mobile device stores the prefetch information into its memory and uses it as an intranet.
  • the mobile device obtains the requested information from the information network (ie, the external network) through an expensive mobile communication connection (such as mobile broadband), which can reduce the mobile data traffic.
  • the prefetch server selects the network packet of the website and transmits it to the mobile device.
  • the web contains a collection of some or all of the pages in the site.
  • the network package can contain a different number of web pages of the website. For example, if the site only subscribes to the basic prefetch service, its network package contains only the home page; if the site subscribes to a more advanced prefetch service, its network package can contain more pages.
  • a website has more pages prefetched, users are more likely to visit the website. Accordingly, website owners have an incentive to pay for more advanced prefetch services. These fees and advertising revenue can be used to offset the user's mobile Internet access fees, and ultimately achieve free mobile Internet access.
  • the prefetched information is related to the location of future events (ie, future locations) as specific location information.
  • the prefetched information is related to the participants of the future event (ie, future participants) as specific participant information.
  • LBS location-based services
  • SNS Social Network Services
  • a predetermined event managed by the calendar management application
  • a guessing event a future event guessed from past events
  • the scheduled event is the primary means of predicting future events.
  • the guess event is used to predict future events only if the scheduled event is not set in the schedule management application.
  • the main benefit of the present invention is to provide a cheap or even free mobile Internet access.
  • Another benefit of the present invention is that mobile data traffic is reduced.
  • Another beneficial effect of the present invention is to improve the responsiveness of mobile Internet access.
  • Another beneficial effect of the present invention is to improve the prefetching efficiency.
  • Another benefit of the present invention is to better predict future events.
  • Another beneficial effect of the present invention is to provide a pre-fetching solution that is easier to implement.
  • Another benefit of the present invention is to reduce the cost of prefetching hardware.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a prefetch system.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of a mobile device.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of a prefetch application in a mobile device.
  • Figure 4A - Figure 4C are block diagrams of three prefetch servers.
  • Figure 5 is an overall flow chart of the mobile device's acquisition of data.
  • Figure 6A - Figure 6C are three flow diagrams for acquiring data during the prefetch period.
  • Figure 7A - Figure 7C are three flow charts for acquiring data during mobile internet access.
  • the symbol ' / ' denotes the relationship between 'and' or 'or'.
  • 'location/participant' can mean 'location', Or 'participant', or 'location and participant'; in addition, 'location/participant/behavior' may mean 'location', or 'participant', or 'behavior', or 'location and participant', Or 'participants and behaviors', or 'behavior and location', or 'location and participants and behavior'.
  • Figure 1 shows a prefetching system comprising a mobile device 10, a prefetch server 50 and an information network 00 .
  • the mobile device 10 prefetches information from the prefetch server 50 via an inexpensive mass data transmission connection 110.
  • mobile device 10 can also connect via another mass data transfer.
  • 110* Prefetch information directly from the information network 00.
  • the mobile device 10 connects to the information network via an expensive mobile communication connection 00 getting information.
  • the prefetch server 50 can obtain information from the information network 00 through yet another mass data transmission connection 130.
  • the information network 00 provides an external network for the mobile device 10 with respect to the intranet 30 in FIG. It contains multiple websites 08 .
  • Each website stores various information such as advertisements, educational information, and business data, and serves users of other computers on the network.
  • the website can be a physical computer or a computer program that supports various services.
  • Mobile device 10 includes any electronic device having a mobile communication interface that can have many different functional features.
  • Mobile device 10 Can be a mobile phone (such as an iPhone) or a tablet (such as an iPad) ), etc., can also be a computer with mobile broadband capabilities (including built-in chips or external terminals) (such as netbook computers, laptops, laptop PCs, etc.). Because the computer's hard disk capacity is large, it can store a lot of prefetch information, so it is suitable for prefetching.
  • the prefetch server 50 stores a prefetch database, which can be a dedicated server, a server network, or a peer-to-peer network (P2P) ).
  • a peer-to-peer network does not require a central server, and each of these computers can be either a server or a client. Since the prefetch information is the same for many computers, the peer-to-peer network is suitable for prefetching. Note that the prefetch server 50 It can be part of the information network 00 or part of the mobile device 10.
  • the mobile communication connection 120 can include any wide area wireless connection. It can be mobile broadband, WiMax Or satellite communication connection. Among them, mobile broadband is the most popular, it uses the cellular signal of mobile phones to access the Internet. Mobile broadband includes 2G (such as GSM), 2.5G (such as GPRS), 3G (such as WCDMA) ), 4G (such as LTE) and future mobile networks. In general, the mobile communication connection 120 is very expensive.
  • a mass data transfer connection is a non-mobile communication connection, such as a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN). ).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • a mass data transmission connection is a mobile communication connection during off-peak hours, such as a non-peak mobile broadband connection. Since the cost of mobile data traffic during off-peak hours is much less than during peak hours, off-peak mobile communication connections can be used to transfer large amounts of data.
  • Another example of a massive data transmission connection is broadcasting / Multicast connection, which uses digital TV / digital broadcast / mobile cellular signal transmission data.
  • FIG. 2 shows a mobile device 10 having a mobile communication interface 12, a mass data transmission interface 18, and a processor 16 And memory 20 .
  • the mobile communication interface 12 is coupled to a mobile communication connection 120, which can be a mobile broadband modem.
  • Massive data transmission interface 18 Connection to mass data transmission 110 Coupling it can be a network interface controller, such as a network adapter.
  • the memory 20 can be a solid state memory such as a flash memory or a hard disk. It stores at least the following software: Internet application 22 , intranet 30 and prefetching applications 40 . Internet application 22 coupled to mobile communication interface 12 (also with massive data transmission interface 18 Coupling), which includes browsing applications, real-time communication tools, and more.
  • the intranet 30 provides a cache buffer for the Internet application 22, which contains information prefetched during the prefetch period. Due to intranet 30 The access time is much smaller than the external network 00, and the intranet 30 can greatly improve the responsiveness of the mobile Internet. On the other hand, due to the memory 20 - Especially solid-state memory - storage capacity is limited, pre-fetching needs to have higher efficiency, that is, when mobile Internet access, users are more likely to access pre-fetch information.
  • Prefetching application 40 and mass data transfer interface 18 Coupling Its main function is to predict future events, that is, user events that may occur. In order to improve the efficiency of prefetching, the prediction of future events needs to be as accurate as possible. Moreover, in some embodiments, the prefetch application 40 You can also filter prefetch information. Details regarding the prefetch application 40 are further described in Figure 3.
  • Figure 3 depicts a prefetch application for mobile device 40 40 . It mainly contains an event prediction module 48, which module 48 Predicting future events 90 .
  • a future event 90 has the following elements: time 92, location 94 (ie location), participant 96 (ie, person), and behavior 98.
  • Event 90 time 92 can be a point in time, multiple points in time, a period of time, or multiple periods of time.
  • the location of event 90 94 can be a location or multiple locations, and so on.
  • Participants in Event 90 96 It can be a person, multiple people, an organization or a company.
  • the behavior of event 90 98 can be an act or multiple behaviors, etc.
  • a future event 90 is expressed as follows: (Time 92; position 94; participant 96; behavior 98).
  • the event prediction module 48 has two inputs. One input comes from the schedule management application 42 which manages scheduled events 44 , which is a predetermined future event in the user's schedule. The other input comes from the event save set, which stores past events 46 , which are user events that occurred in the past.
  • the calendar management application 42 provides an electronic version of the calendar and appointment schedule.
  • the schedule is many handheld computers (PDAs) ), standard configuration for smartphones and tablets.
  • the software can be used by a single user (such as Windows Calendar) Programs, etc., can also be shared by multiple users in a network environment (such as Mozilla's Sunbird program, Windows Live Calendar program, Google's Calnedar program, etc.).
  • the schedule information can be stored in the mobile device 10 or on the mobile device 10 Outside. An example of the latter case is that the schedule information is stored in the mobile phone, and the mobile device 10 is a computer having a mobile broadband function. Once possible, the two devices synchronize schedule information between them.
  • Past events 46 It is a collection of event history, online behavior history, location history, and so on.
  • the event history is in the user schedule (by the schedule management application 42 Management)
  • the online behavior history is a database that counts information such as the Internet that the user has previously accessed;
  • the location history can be the GPS record of the user's mobile phone.
  • the event prediction module 48 combines predetermined events 44 and past events 46 to predict future events. Due to scheduled events 44 (Managed by the schedule management application 42) is more likely to occur than guessing events (future events guessed from past events 46), which are the primary means of predicting future events 90. Only when scheduled events 44 The guess event is used to predict future events when not set in the Schedule Management application 42.
  • the schedule management application 42 does not set events for other time periods. In this case, past events 46 were used to guess future events. For example, the user's habit is to work at location L 1 (behavior A 1 ) from 9 am to noon, 1 pm to 5 pm, and lunch at location L 2 from noon to 1 pm (behavior A 2 ). This information can be used to fill the time gap in the user's schedule.
  • the date, 90 future events comprises :( 9 am-12pm; L 1; P 1; A 1); (12 pm-1pm; L 2, P 1; A 2); (1 pm-2pm; L 3 ; P 1 , P 2 ; A 3 ) and ( 2 pm - 5 pm; L 1 ; P 1 ; A 1 ). It is clear that different prefetching systems can have different definitions of the elements of future events.
  • Figures 4A-4C are block diagrams of three prefetch servers 50.
  • Prefetch server in Figure 4A 50 based on future events 90 to filter prefetch information.
  • the prefetch server 50L in Figure 4B is a location-based prefetch server that filters prefetch information based on the location 94 of future events 90;
  • Figure 4C The prefetch server 50P is a participant-based prefetch server that filters prefetch information based on participants 96 of future events 90.
  • the prefetch server 50 includes a prefetch database 60 and a screening module 52.
  • Prefetch server 50 Receiving future event information 90 from the mobile device 10, the screening module 52 selects information related to the future event 90 (i.e., specific event information 100) from the prefetch database 60, the prefetch server 50 Then pass the information back to the mobile device 10 .
  • Prefetching database 60 Includes a directory document and multiple network packages.
  • the catalog document includes the labels for each network package.
  • the tags include time tags, location tags, participant tags, behavior tags, and other tags.
  • the label of a network packet is expressed as follows: ⁇ time tag; location tag; participant tag; behavior tag ⁇ .
  • the network package comes from a restaurant R's website with the label: ⁇ ; L 1 , L 2 ; P 2 , P 3 ; A 2 ⁇ . It indicates that the restaurant R's website does not change over time; the restaurant R is located at location L 1 , L 2 ; the restaurant R staff includes P 2 , P 3 ; the restaurant R acts as A 2 (providing lunch). Obviously, different prefetching systems can be defined with different tags.
  • Each network contains a collection of some or all of the pages in a particular website.
  • the network package can contain a different number of web pages of the website. For example, if the site only subscribes to the basic prefetch service, its network package contains only the home page; if the site subscribes to a more advanced prefetch service, its network package can contain more pages.
  • a website has more pages prefetched, users are more likely to visit the website. Accordingly, website owners have an incentive to pay for more advanced prefetch services. These fees and advertising revenue can be used to offset the user's mobile Internet access fees, and ultimately free mobile Internet access.
  • Filtering module 52 from prefetching database 60 Select the network package that needs to be prefetched. Different elements of future events are used as screening criteria based on different prefetching schemes. For example, if the prefetch scheme is a location (ie, location-based prefetch), then the location of future events 90 94 Used as a screening criterion; if the prefetching scheme is a participant (ie, based on the participant's prefetch), the participants of the future event 90 96 Used as a screening criterion; if the prefetching scheme is location and behavior (ie, location and behavior based prefetching), then location 94 and behavior 98 of future event 90 are used as screening criteria.
  • location ie, location-based prefetch
  • the prefetching scheme is a participant (ie, based on the participant's prefetch)
  • the participants of the future event 90 96 Used as a screening criterion
  • location and behavior ie, location and behavior based pref
  • the screening process compares the label of the network package to the screening criteria. If there is a match, the prefetch server 50 selects the network packet and transmits it to the mobile device 10. Continuing with the above example and assuming location-based prefetching, for future events (12pm-1pm; L 2 , P 1 ; A 2 ), the corresponding screening criteria is location L 2 ; since the restaurant R network packet is labeled ⁇ ; L 1 , L 2 ; P 2 , P 3 ; A 2 ⁇ , whose network packet will be selected.
  • the prefetch system can further use other screening criteria.
  • One screening criterion is web page people. For example, you can filter web pages based on the clickthrough rate of the web page.
  • Another screening criterion is the user profile, including growth, age, occupation, gender, marital status, school information, job information, hobbies, and the like.
  • User profiles can be described by a set of keywords. According to their importance, each keyword has a corresponding score. The score of a network packet can be determined by the degree of conformity between the user profile and the network package label.
  • Location-based prefetching and participant-based prefetching have great advantages in different prefetching scenarios. Because they can make effective use of location-based services ( LBS) and the existing infrastructure of Social Network Services (SNS), these prefetching schemes are easier to implement and can reduce the cost of prefetching hardware.
  • LBS location-based services
  • SNS Social Network Services
  • LBS uses position and time as control variables for computer programs.
  • LBS The server receives its current location from the mobile device, selects information related to its current location, and passes the information back to the mobile device.
  • LBS With the popularity of GPS-enabled smartphones and tablets, LBS more and more important. It provides users with many useful services. For example, it can deliver a corresponding discount volume or advertisement to the user based on the user's current location.
  • the location-based prefetch server 50L may be an LBS server 70.
  • LBS server 70 Receive its future location from mobile device 94 94. Select information related to the future location 94 (i.e., specific location information 104) and pass the information back to mobile device 10. Due to most The LBS server 70 does not distinguish between the future location and the current location, and the specific location information 104 received by the mobile device 10 is valid information. Of course, the LBS server 70 can also be dedicated to future locations. 94 Provide services. It is apparent that other screening criteria, such as web page popularity and/or user profiles, can also be applied to specific location information 104 to further reduce the amount of prefetch information.
  • SNS is an online service, platform, or website that helps build social networks or social relationships.
  • SNS server 80 Store user profiles, social circles and more, and provide a variety of services. Lift Facebook For example. Each user can add other users as friends and exchange information, such as getting a notification when a friend updates the profile. In addition, users can join interest groups and categorize them by work, school, or other characteristics.
  • the participant-based prefetch server 50P may be an SNS server 80.
  • the SNS server 80 receives its future participant information 96 from the mobile device 10, selects information related to the future participant 96 (i.e., specific participant information 106), and transmits the information back to the mobile device 10.
  • the future participants 96 include P 1 and P 2
  • the specific participant information 106 includes P 1 , P 2 , and Facebook pages of P 1 and P 2 common friends, and the like. It is apparent that other screening criteria, such as web page popularity and/or user profiles, can also be applied to specific participant information 106 to further reduce the amount of prefetched information.
  • Figure 5 is an overall flow diagram of the mobile device 10 acquiring data. It includes two time periods: prefetch period 200 and mobile internet time 300. During the prefetch period 200, the mobile device 10 prefetches specific event information 100 over the mass data transmission connection 110. During mobile internet time (such as normal use) 300 The mobile device 10 obtains the requested information from the external network 00 through the mobile communication connection 120 only when the requested information is not on the intranet 30.
  • Figures 6A-6C are three flow diagrams for acquiring data during the prefetch period 200.
  • a non-mobile communication connection 110 is established between the prefetch server 50 (which may also include the external network 00) (step 202).
  • Non-mobile communication connection 110 can be a LAN (such as Wi-Fi) , Ethernet, etc.) or WAN connection.
  • the mobile device 10 predicts future events 90 and passes them to the prefetch server 50 (step 204). Once the future event information is received 90
  • the prefetch server 50 filters specific event information 100 based on future location 94/future participants 96, such as specific location information 104 and/or specific participant information 106 (steps) 206).
  • the prefetch server 50 passes the specific event information 100 back to the mobile device 10 (step 208). Finally, mobile device 10 stores specific event information 100 And as part of the intranet 30 (step 210). Obviously, if the user is using a non-mobile communication connection 110, the prefetching process can be run in the background.
  • mobile device 10 and prefetch server 50 (which may also include external network 00 ) establish a mobile communication connection (step 222) ).
  • Mobile communication connections that operate during off-peak hours are also referred to as off-peak mobile communication connections, the primary of which is off-peak mobile broadband connections. Since the cost of mobile data traffic during off-peak hours is much less than during peak hours, off-peak mobile communication connections can be used to transfer large amounts of data.
  • Other steps and diagrams of the prefetch process 6A is similar.
  • the prefetch server 50 broadcasts/multicasts the information in the prefetch database 50 to the mobile device 10 (step 242).
  • Broadcast/multicast signals include digital TV/digital broadcasting/cellular cellular signals.
  • the broadcast/multicast time period is also best during off-peak hours, such as late night hours.
  • the mobile device 10 Specific event information 100 is filtered based on future location 94/future participant 96 (step 244).
  • the mobile device 10 stores the specific event information 100 and uses it as an intranet 30 Part of it (step 210).
  • FIGs 7A-7C are three flow diagrams for obtaining data during the mobile internet session 300.
  • a mobile communication connection 120 is established (step 302).
  • the mobile device 10 requests a web page 02 (step 304)
  • the mobile device 10 first searches for the web page in the intranet 30. (Step 306). If the result is 'Yes', the web page 02 is loaded from the intranet 30 (step 308); otherwise, the web page 02 is loaded from the external network 00 (step 310) ). Finally, web page 02 is displayed on mobile device 10 (step 312).
  • the mobile device 10 also obtains the timestamp of the web page 02 from the external network 00 (step 322). ). The timestamp is further compared to the timestamp of webpage 02 in intranet 30 (step 324). If they are the same, load webpage 02 from intranet 30; otherwise, from external network 00 Load the updated web page 02 (step 310).

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Abstract

为了减少移动数据流量，移动设备通过廉价的海量数据传输连接（如WiFi 、以太网或非高峰的移动宽带）预取与一未来事件相关的信息，因此这些信息不需要再通过昂贵的移动通讯连接（如移动宽带）来获取。基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取可以有效利用基于位置服务（ LBS ）和社交网络服务（ SNS ）的现有基础设施。预定事件（由日程管理应用程序管理）比猜测事件（从以往事件猜测的未来事件）更有可能发生，故为预测未来事件的主要方式。

Description

基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取 技术领域
本发明涉及电子系统领域，更确切地说，涉及电子设备和互联网之间的移动通讯。
背景技术
移动互联网将移动通信和互联网二者结合起来，使移动设备可以在广泛的地理区域内上网。消费者通过使用移动宽带终端（如 3G 终端）等设备，可以将其电脑（包括个人电脑或便携式电脑）接入互联网。除此之外，许多移动设备（如智能手机或平板电脑）具有内置的移动宽带芯片。与固定上网比较，移动上网的在线费用非常昂贵。
消费者自然希望能降低移动上网费用，甚至能免费地移动上网。以前，曾有公司（如 Netzero 公司）试图提供廉价甚至免费的固定上网，尤其是拨号上网。对于免费拨号上网服务商（如 Netzero 公司）来说，在整个拨号上网期间一个广告视窗始终悬浮于其它视窗之上，并向用户显示第三方广告。 Netzero 公司利用广告费来抵消用户的上网费用。
Netzero 公司的免费拨号上网方法很难应用到移动上网。由于拨号上网按照上网时间收费，在拨号上网时段向用户发送广告不会增加上网费用。但是，移动上网按照数据流量收费，在移动上网时段向用户发送广告会增加数据流量，从而导致更高的上网费用。
技术解决方案
本发明提出一种基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取，以及支持它们的系统和方法。该预取系统含有一移动设备、一预取服务器和一信息网络。在预取时段，移动设备预测可能会发生的用户事件（即未来事件）并将此未来事件信息传到预取服务器。预取服务器筛选与该未来事件相关的信息（即特定事件信息）并通过廉价的海量数据传输连接（如 Wi-Fi 、以太网或非高峰时段的移动宽带等）将此特定事件信息传回移动设备。移动设备将预取信息存储至其存储器，并将其作为内网。在移动上网时段，只有当请求的信息不在内网时，移动设备才通过昂贵的移动通讯连接（如移动宽带）从信息网络（即外网）获取请求的信息，这样能减少移动数据流量。
在预取过程中，如果一网站与一未来事件相关，则预取服务器选择该网站的网络包并将其传输至移动设备。网络包含该网站中部份或全部网页的集合。根据该网站订购的预取服务，网络包可以包含该网站不同数量的网页。例如，如果该网站只订购了基本预取服务，则其网络包只包含首页；如果该网站订购了更高级的预取服务，则其网络包可以包含更多的网页。很明显，如果一个网站有较多网页被预取，用户更有可能访问该网站。相应地，网站业主有动机为更高级的预取服务付费。这些费用和广告收入可以用来抵消用户的移动上网费，并最终实现免费移动上网。
对于基于位置的预取来说，预取的信息与未来事件的位置（即未来位置）相关，为特定位置信息。另一方面，对于基于参与者的预取来说，预取的信息与未来事件的参与者（即未来参与者）相关，为特定参与者信息。由于基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取可以有效利用基于位置服务（ LBS ）和社交网络服务（ SNS ）的现有基础设施，它们较易实现，且可以使用较廉价的预取硬件。
为了提高预取效率，需要能尽量准确地预测未来事件。由于预定事件（由日程管理应用程序管理）比猜测事件（从以往事件猜测的未来事件）更有可能发生，预定事件是预测未来事件的主要方式。只有当预定事件未在日程管理应用程序中设置时，才用猜测事件来预测未来事件。
有益效果
本发明的主要有益效果是提供廉价甚至免费的移动上网。
本发明的另一有益效果是减少了移动数据流量。
本发明的另一有益效果是提高了移动上网的响应性。
本发明的另一有益效果是提高了预取效率。
本发明的另一有益效果是更好地预测未来事件。
本发明的另一有益效果是提供一较易实现的预取方案。
本发明的另一有益效果是降低了预取硬件的成本。
 附图说明
图 1 是一种预取系统的示意图。
图 2 是一种移动设备的框图。
图 3 是移动设备中预取应用程序的一个框图。
图 4A －图 4C 是三种预取服务器的框图。
图 5 是移动设备获取数据的一个整体流程图。
图 6A －图 6C 是三种在预取时段获取数据的流程图。
图 7A －图 7C 是三种在移动上网时段获取数据的流程图。
注意到，这些附图仅是概要图，它们不按比例绘图。为了显眼和方便起见，图中的部分尺寸和结构可能做了放大或缩小。在不同实施例中，相同的符号一般表示对应或类似的结构。
本发明的实施方式
在本发明中，符号' / '表示'和'或'或'的关系。例如，'位置 / 参与者'可以表示'位置'、 或'参与者'、或'位置和参与者'； 另外，'位置 / 参与者 / 行为'可以表示'位置'、 或'参与者'、 或'行为'、 或'位置和参与者'、 或'参与者和行为'、 或'行为和位置'、或'位置和参与者和行为'。
图 1 表示一种预取系统，它含有一移动设备 10 、一预取服务器 50 和一信息网络 00 。在预取时段，移动设备 10 通过一廉价的海量数据传输连接 110 从预取服务器 50 预取信息。注意到，移动设备 10 还可以通过另一海量数据传输连接 110* 直接从信息网络 00 预取信息。在移动上网时段（如正常使用时），移动设备 10 通过一昂贵的移动通讯连接 120 从信息网络 00 获取信息。此外，预取服务器 50 可以通过又一海量数据传输连接 130 从信息网络 00 获取信息。
相对于图 2 中的内网 30 ，信息网络 00 为移动设备 10 提供外网。它含有多个网站 08 。每个网站存储广告、教育信息、商业数据等各种信息，并为网络中其它电脑的用户服务。网站可以是一实体电脑，或一支持各种服务的电脑程序。
移动设备 10 包括任何具有移动通讯接口的电子设备，它可以具有很多不同的功能特征。移动设备 10 可以是手机（如 iPhone ）、平板电脑（如 iPad ）等，也可以是具有移动宽带功能（包括内置芯片或外置终端）的电脑（如上网本电脑、笔记本电脑、便携式电脑个人电脑等）。由于电脑的硬盘容量很大，可以存储很多预取信息，故很适合于预取。
预取服务器 50 存储预取数据库，它可以是一专用的服务器、一服务器网络或一对等网络（ P2P ）。对等网络不需要中央服务器，其中的每个电脑既可以是服务器，也可以是客户端。由于预取信息对于很多电脑来说是相同的，对等网络适合于预取。注意到，预取服务器 50 可以是信息网络 00 的一部分，也可以是移动设备 10 的一部分。
移动通讯连接 120 可以包括任何广域无线连接。它可以是移动宽带、 WiMax 或卫星通讯连接。其中，移动宽带最为流行，它通过手机蜂窝信号上网。移动宽带包括 2G （如 GSM ）、 2.5G （如 GPRS ）、 3G （如 WCDMA ）、 4G （如 LTE ）和未来移动网络等。总的说来，移动通讯连接 120 非常昂贵。
由于移动设备 10 需要从大量网站 08 （如与一位置相关的所有网站）预取信息，所需预取的数据量很大，故这些数据被成为海量数据，且传输这些海量数据的通讯连接被称为海量数据传输连接 110 、 110* 、 130 。它们能廉价地传输海量数据。对于大多数情况来说，海量数据传输连接是一非移动通讯连接，如局域网（ LAN ）或广域网（ WAN ）。其中，由于局域网（如 Wi-Fi 、以太网等）分布广泛、数据传输速度快且不受流量限制，局域网最有潜力成为海量数据传输连接。海量数据传输连接的另一例子是：在非高峰时段的移动通讯连接，如非高峰的移动宽带连接。由于在非高峰时段的移动数据流量费用远小于高峰时段，非高峰的移动通讯连接可以用来传输大量数据。海量数据传输连接的又一例子是广播 / 组播连接，它使用数字电视 / 数字广播 / 手机蜂窝信号传输数据。
图 2 表示一移动设备 10 ，它含有移动通讯接口 12 、海量数据传输接口 18 、处理器 16 和存储器 20 。移动通讯接口 12 与移动通讯连接 120 耦合，它可以是一移动宽带调制解调器。海量数据传输接口 18 与海量数据传输连接 110 耦合，它可以是一网络接口控制器，如网络适配器。
存储器 20 可以是一固态存储器（如快闪存储器）或硬盘。它存储至少如下软件：互联网应用程序 22 、内网 30 和预取应用程序 40 。互联网应用程序 22 与移动通讯接口 12 耦合（还可以与海量数据传输接口 18 耦合），它包括浏览应用程序、实时通讯工具等。
内网 30 为互联网应用程序 22 提供高速缓冲区，它包含在预取时段预取的信息。由于内网 30 的访问时间远小于外网 00 ，内网 30 可以极大地提高移动上网的反应性。另一方面，由于存储器 20 －尤其是固态存储器－存储容量有限，预取需要具有较高的效率，即在移动上网时，用户有较大可能会访问预取信息。
预取应用程序 40 与海量数据传输接口 18 耦合。其主要功能是预测未来事件，即可能发生的用户事件。为了提高预取效率，未来事件的预测需要尽量准确。此外，在一些实施例中，预取应用程序 40 还可以筛选预取信息。有关预取应用程序 40 的细节在图 3 中进一步描述。
图 3 描述了移动设备 10 的一种预取应用程序 40 。它主要含有一事件预测模块 48 ，该模块 48 预测未来事件 90 。一个未来事件 90 具有如下要素：时间 92 、位置 94 （即地点）、参与者 96 （即人物）和行为 98 。事件 90 的时间 92 可以是一个时间点、多个时间点、一个时间段或多个时间段等。事件 90 的位置 94 可以是一个位置或多个位置等。事件 90 的参与者 96 可以是一个人、多个人、一个组织或一个公司等。事件 90 的行为 98 可以是一个行为或多个行为等。在本说明书中，一个未来事件 90 采用如下方式表示：（时间 92 ；位置 94 ；参与者 96 ；行为 98 ）。
事件预测模块 48 有两个输入。一个输入来自日程管理应用程序 42 ，该程序 42 管理预定事件 44 ，即用户日程中预定的未来事件。另一输入来自事件存储集，该事件存储集存储以往事件 46 ，即过去发生的用户事件。
日程管理应用程序 42 提供一种电子版本的日历和预约安排薄。日程安排是许多掌上电脑（ PDA ）、智能手机、平板电脑的标准配置。该软件可以为一个用户单独使用（如 Windows 的 Calendar 程序等），也可以为多个用户在一个网络环境下共享使用（如 Mozilla 的 Sunbird 程序， Windows 的 Live Calendar 程序、 Google 的 Calnedar 程序等）。其日程信息可以存储在移动设备 10 中，也可以存储在移动设备 10 外。后一种情况的一个例子是：日程信息存储在手机中，而移动设备 10 是具有移动宽带功能的电脑。一旦有可能，这两个设备在它们之间同步日程信息。
以往事件 46 是事件历史、在线行为历史、位置历史等的集合。其中，事件历史是在用户日程（由日程管理应用程序 42 管理）中以往事件的集合；在线行为历史是一个数据库，它统计用户以前访问的互联网等信息；位置历史可以是用户手机的 GPS 纪录。
事件预测模块 48 结合预定事件 44 和以往事件 46 来预测未来事件 90 。由于预定事件 44 （由日程管理应用程序 42 管理）比猜测事件（从以往事件 46 猜测的未来事件）更有可能发生，预定事件 44 是预测未来事件 90 的主要方式。只有当预定事件 44 未在日程管理应用程序 42 中设置时，才用猜测事件来预测未来事件 90 。
这里举一个采用上述方法预测未来事件 90 的例子。在日程管理应用程序 42 中，用户 P1 从下午 1 点到 2 点在地点 L3 和另一人 P2 开会（行为 A3 ）。但是日程管理应用程序 42 未设置其它时段的事件。在这种情况下，以往事件 46 被用来猜测未来事件。例如，用户的习惯是从上午 9 点到中午、下午 1 点到 5 点在地点 L1 上班（行为 A1 ），从中午到下午 1 点在地点 L2 吃午餐（行为 A2 ）。这些信息可以用来填补用户日程中的时间缺口。相应地，在该日期中，未来事件 90 包括：（ 9am-12pm; L1; P1; A1 ）；（ 12pm-1pm; L2, P1; A2 ）；（ 1pm-2pm; L3; P1, P2; A3 ）及（ 2pm-5pm; L1; P1; A1 ）。很明显，不同的预取系统对未来事件的要素可以采用不同的定义。
图 4A －图 4C 是三种预取服务器 50 的框图。图 4A 中的预取服务器 50 根据未来事件 90 来筛选预取信息。图 4B 中的预取服务器 50L 是一种基于位置的预取服务器，它根据未来事件 90 的位置 94 来筛选预取信息；图 4C 中的预取服务器 50P 是一种基于参与者的预取服务器，它根据未来事件 90 的参与者 96 来筛选预取信息。
如图 4A 所示，预取服务器 50 含有一预取数据库 60 和一筛选模块 52 。预取服务器 50 从移动设备 10 接收未来事件信息 90 ，筛选模块 52 从预取数据库 60 中选择与该未来事件 90 相关的信息（即特定事件信息 100 ），预取服务器 50 再将该信息传回移动设备 10 。
预取数据库 60 包括一目录文档和多个网络包。目录文档包括每个网络包的标签。其中，标签包括时间标签、位置标签、参与者标签、行为标签和其它标签。在本说明书中，一个网络包的标签采用如下方式表示： { 时间标签；位置标签；参与者标签；行为标签 } 。
这里举一个采用上述方法表示网络包的例子。该网络包来自一餐馆 R 的网站，其标签为： { ; L1, L2; P2, P3; A2} 。它表示该餐馆 R 的网站不随时间改变；该餐馆 R 位于地点 L1, L2 ；该餐馆 R 的员工包括 P2, P3 ；该餐馆 R 的行为是 A2 （提供午餐）。很明显，不同的预取系统可以采用不同的标签定义。
每个网络包含有一个特定网站中部份或全部网页的集合。根据一个网站订购的预取服务，网络包可以包含该网站不同数量的网页。例如，如果该网站只订购了基本预取服务，则其网络包只包含首页；如果该网站订购了更高级的预取服务，则其网络包可以包含更多的网页。很明显，当一个网站有较多网页被预取时，用户更有可能访问该网站。相应地，网站业主有动机为更高级的预取服务付费。这些费用和广告收入可以用来抵消用户的移动上网费，并最终可以实现免费移动上网。
筛选模块 52 从预取数据库 60 选择需要预取的网络包。基于不同的预取方案，未来事件的不同要素被用作筛选标准。例如，如果预取方案是位置（即基于位置的预取），则未来事件 90 的位置 94 被用作筛选标准；如果预取方案是参与者（即基于参与者的预取），则未来事件 90 的参与者 96 被用作筛选标准；如果预取方案是位置和行为（即基于位置和行为的预取），则未来事件 90 的位置 94 和行为 98 被用作筛选标准。
在确定了筛选标准后，筛选流程将网络包的标签与筛选标准比较。如果相符，则预取服务器 50 选择该网络包并将其传送到移动设备 10 中。继续上述例子并假设基于位置的预取，对于未来事件（ 12pm-1pm; L2, P1; A2 ），其相应的筛选标准是位置为 L2 ；由于餐馆 R 网络包的标签为 { ; L1, L2; P2, P3; A2} ，其网络包将会被选择。
除了来自未来事件的筛选标准，预取系统还可以进一步使用其它筛选标准。一种筛选标准是网页人望。例如，可以根据网页的点击率来筛选网页。另一种筛选标准是用户概况，包括成长地、年龄、职业、性别、婚姻状况、学校信息、工作信息、兴趣爱好等。用户概况可以由一组关键词来描述。根据其重要性，每个关键词有一个相应的分数。一个网络包的得分可以通过用户概况和网络包标签的相符程度来决定。
在不同的预取方案中，基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取具有很大优势。因为它们可以有效利用基于位置服务（ LBS ）和社交网络服务（ SNS ）的现有基础设施，这些预取方案较易实现，且可以降低预取硬件的成本。
LBS 采用位置和时间作为电脑程序的控制变量。 LBS 服务器从移动设备接收其现在位置，选择与其现在位置相关的信息，并将该信息传回移动设备。随着具有 GPS 功能的智能手机和平板电脑的普及， LBS 越来越重要。它为用户提供很多有益的服务。例如，它可以根据用户的现在位置向用户传送相应的折扣卷或广告。
如图 4B 所示，基于位置的预取服务器 50L 可以就是一 LBS 服务器 70 。 LBS 服务器 70 从移动设备 10 接收其未来位置 94 ，选择与该未来位置 94 相关的信息（即特定位置信息 104 ），并将该信息传回移动设备 10 。由于大多数 LBS 服务器 70 不区分未来位置和现在位置，移动设备 10 收到的特定位置信息 104 是有效信息。当然， LBS 服务器 70 还可以专门为未来位置 94 提供服务。很明显，其它筛选标准，如网页人望和 / 或用户概况，也可以应用到特定位置信息 104 上，以进一步降低预取信息量。
SNS 是为了帮助建立社交网络或社交关系的在线服务、平台或网站。 SNS 服务器 80 存储用户概况、社交圈等信息，并提供多种服务。举 Facebook 为例。每个用户可以加其它用户为朋友，并交换信息，如在朋友更新概况时获得通知。此外，用户可以加入兴趣小组，按照工作、学校或其它特征分类。
如图 4C 所示，基于参与者的预取服务器 50P 可以就是一 SNS 服务器 80 。 SNS 服务器 80 从移动设备 10 接收其未来参与者信息 96 ，选择与该未来参与者 96 相关的信息（即特定参与者信息 106 ），并将该信息传回移动设备 10 。例如，假设未来参与者 96 包括 P1 和 P2 ，则特定参与者信息 106 包括 P1 、 P2 以及 P1 和 P2 共同朋友的 Facebook 页等。很明显，其它筛选标准，如网页人望和 / 或用户概况，也可以应用到特定参与者信息 106 上，以进一步降低预取信息量。
图 5 是移动设备 10 获取数据的一个整体流程图。它包括两个时段：预取时段 200 和移动上网时段 300 。在预取时段 200 ，移动设备 10 通过海量数据传输连接 110 预取特定事件信息 100 。在移动上网时段（如正常使用） 300 ，只有当请求的信息不在内网 30 时，移动设备 10 才通过移动通讯连接 120 从外网 00 获取请求的信息。
图 6A －图 6C 是三种在预取时段 200 获取数据的流程图。在图 6A 中，在移动设备 10 和预取服务器 50 （还可以包括外网 00 ）之间建立非移动通讯连接 110 （步骤 202 ）。非移动通讯连接 110 可以是 LAN （如 Wi-Fi 、以太网等）或 WAN 连接。移动设备 10 预测未来事件 90 ，并将其传至预取服务器 50 （步骤 204 ）。一旦接收到该未来事件信息 90 ，预取服务器 50 根据未来位置 94/ 未来参与者 96 来筛选特定事件信息 100 ，如特定位置信息 104 和 / 或特定参与者信息 106 （步骤 206 ）。之后，预取服务器 50 将特定事件信息 100 传回移动设备 10 （步骤 208 ）。最后，移动设备 10 存储特定事件信息 100 ，并将其作为内网 30 的一部分（步骤 210 ）。很明显，如果用户正在使用非移动通讯连接 110 ，该预取流程可以在后台运行。
在图 6B 中，在非高峰时段（如深夜时段），移动设备 10 和预取服务器 50 （还可以包括外网 00 ）之间建立起移动通讯连接（步骤 222 ）。在非高峰时段运行的移动通讯连接也被称为非高峰的移动通讯连接，其主要例子是非高峰的移动宽带连接。由于在非高峰时段的移动数据流量费用远小于高峰时段，非高峰的移动通讯连接可以用来传输大量数据。该预取流程的其它步骤与图 6A 类似。
在图 6C 中，预取服务器 50 将预取数据库 50 中的信息广播 / 组播至移动设备 10 （步骤 242 ）。广播 / 组播信号包括数字电视 / 数字广播 / 手机蜂窝信号。广播 / 组播时段也最好在非高峰时段，如深夜时段。之后，移动设备 10 根据未来位置 94/ 未来参与者 96 来筛选特定事件信息 100 （步骤 244 ）。最后，移动设备 10 存储特定事件信息 100 ，并将其作为内网 30 的一部分（步骤 210 ）。
图 7A －图 7C 是三种在移动上网时段 300 获取数据的流程图。在图 7A 中，为移动设备 10 建立移动通讯连接 120 （步骤 302 ）。每次移动设备 10 请求一网页 02 （步骤 304 ），移动设备 10 首先在内网 30 中搜寻网页 02 （步骤 306 ）。如果结果是'是'，则从内网 30 中加载网页 02 （步骤 308 ）；否则，从外网 00 中加载网页 02 （步骤 310 ）。最后，在移动设备 10 上显示网页 02 （步骤 312 ）。
在图 7B 中，移动设备 10 还从外网 00 获取网页 02 的时间戳（步骤 322 ）。该时间戳进一步与内网 30 中网页 02 的时间戳进行比较（步骤 324 ）。如果它们相同，则从内网 30 加载网页 02 ；否则，从外网 00 加载更新的网页 02 （步骤 310 ）。
在图 7C 中，如果网页 02 不在内网 30 （步骤 306 ），移动设备 10 提示用户是否愿意接收内网 30 中的一类似网页 04 （步骤 342 ）。如果回复是'是'，则从内网 30 中加载该类似网页 04 ，用它代替请求的网页 02 ，并将其显示在移动设备 10 上（步骤 344 ）。该方法可以进一步降低移动数据流量。
应该了解，在不远离本发明的精神和范围的前提下，可以对本发明的形式和细节进行改动，这并不妨碍它们应用本发明的精神。因此，除了根据附加的权利要求书的精神，本发明不应受到任何限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种支持基于位置预取的移动设备，包括：
    海量数据传输接口，该海量数据传输接口与一海量数据传输连接耦合，该移动设备通过该海量数据传输连接获取与一未来事件位置相关的信息；
    存储器，该存储器存储所述与未来事件位置相关的信息；
    移动通讯接口，该移动通讯接口与一移动通讯连接耦合，如果请求的信息不在该存储器中，则该移动设备通过该移动通讯连接获取该请求的信息。
  2. 一种支持基于参与者预取的移动设备，包括：
    海量数据传输接口，该海量数据传输接口与一海量数据传输连接耦合，该移动设备通过该海量数据传输连接获取与一未来事件参与者相关的信息；
    存储器，该存储器存储所述与未来事件参与者相关的信息；
    移动通讯接口，该移动通讯接口与一移动通讯连接耦合，如果请求的信息不在该存储器中，则该移动设备通过该移动通讯连接获取该请求的信息。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 和 2 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于：该海量数据传输连接是一非移动通讯连接。
  4. 根据权利要求 1 和 2 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于：该海量数据传输连接是一非高峰的移动通讯连接。
  5. 根据权利要求 1 和 2 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于：该未来事件是一预定事件 。
  6. 根据权利要求 1 和 2 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于：该未来事件是一猜测 事件。
  7. 一种移动设备，包括：
    存储器，该存储器存储至少一预定事件；
    通讯接口，该通讯接口与一通讯连接耦合，该移动设备通过该通讯连接获取与该预定事件的至少一要素相关的信息。
  8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于：该预定事件的要素包括至少一时间、至少一位置、至少一参与者和至少一行为 。
  9. 根据权利要求 7 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于包括：移动通讯接口，该移动通讯接口和一移动通讯连接耦合，如果请求的信息未存储在该移动设备中，则该移动设备通过该移动通讯连接获取该请求的信息 。
  10. 根据权利要求 7 所述的移动设备，其特征还在于：该通讯连接传输数据的费用远小于该移动通讯连接 。
PCT/CN2013/073767 2012-04-05 2013-04-04 基于位置的预取和基于参与者的预取 WO2013149596A1 (zh)

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