WO2013135178A1 - 横向预应力逃生器 - Google Patents

横向预应力逃生器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013135178A1
WO2013135178A1 PCT/CN2013/072559 CN2013072559W WO2013135178A1 WO 2013135178 A1 WO2013135178 A1 WO 2013135178A1 CN 2013072559 W CN2013072559 W CN 2013072559W WO 2013135178 A1 WO2013135178 A1 WO 2013135178A1
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Prior art keywords
rope
ropes
tape
escape
transverse
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PCT/CN2013/072559
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薛普
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Xue Pu
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Publication of WO2013135178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013135178A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of public security fire rescue technology, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a building fire escape device.
  • the idea of the present invention is: at one end of a rope, in the longitudinal direction (the length of the rope) is divided into A end and B end, if the A end is fixed, and an external force pulls the B end, when the external force is greater than When the rope is transverse (perpendicular to the length of the rope), the rope is divided into two, and the length is doubled.
  • the lateral stiffness of the strap is always offset by a portion of the external force throughout the process.
  • the rope has an escape function for escapers to use to escape.
  • a certain method is used to generate or use a certain method to jointly produce an appropriate size of lateral prestress or lateral firmness (horizontal refers to the tape (tape, The rope) is longitudinally oriented and stored in the interior of the tape (cord, rope) or between the tape (cord, rope) and the tape (cord, rope) to counteract the escape Part of the weight of the person's weight allows the escaper to escape at a safe rate.
  • the escape distance (falling height) of the transverse prestress escape device can reach twice the length of the escape strap (rope, rope), and can also be used with the escape device.
  • the length of the tape (cord, rope) is equal.
  • a tape cord, rope
  • lateral prestress lateral firmness
  • the transverse prestressing (transverse firmness) of an appropriate size of the transverse prestress escape can be produced by either a method or a combination of several methods.
  • the lateral prestressing force (lateral firmness) of the appropriate size of the transverse prestress escape can be stored inside the tape (cord, rope) or in the tape (cord) , rope) between the tape (cord, rope) or between the tape (cord) and the rope.
  • the lateral prestressing escape device has an appropriate size of lateral prestress (lateral firmness), and the magnitude of the value may be the same in different lengths of the tape (cord, rope). Can be different.
  • a tape (cord, rope) having a laterally prestressed size of an appropriate size is not limited to a certain form, and may be stretched or gathered together, in a manner of gathering. It can also be any way of reciprocating lamination, coiling, winding or the like.
  • a transverse prestress escape device composed of a tape (cord, rope) having an appropriate size of lateral prestress (lateral fastness) may be composed of a tape (cord, rope). It can also consist of several strips (tapes, ropes) or several strips (tapes) and several ropes.
  • a transverse prestressing escape device composed of a transversely prestressed tape (cord, rope) of an appropriate size, wherein the materials of the respective tapes (cord, rope) may be the same Can be different.
  • a transverse prestressing escape device comprising a transversely prestressed tape (cord, rope) of an appropriate size, wherein the cross-sectional shape of each of the tapes (tapes, ropes) may be Arbitrary.
  • a lateral prestressed escape device having a suitably pre-stressed tape (cord, rope), wherein the cross-sectional area of each of the tapes (tapes, ropes) may be The same can also be different.
  • the cross-sectional area of each of the tapes (tapes, ropes) may be the same or different in different lengths of the tape (tapes, ropes).
  • An advantage of the present invention is that: the method disclosed in the present invention smashes the inevitable deceleration mechanism of the currently known escape device, and the transverse prestress escape device manufactured according to the method disclosed by the present invention is used in the tape. (rope, rope) will not cause displacement friction with the window sill of the building and the protruding outer sill, causing damage to the tape (cord, rope).
  • the structure is simple and easy to operate.
  • the escape can be flexible depending on the scene of the fire. Choose a window suitable for escape, balcony escape, because the structural can only use a long enough tape (cord, rope) without its large size, so it is especially suitable for the escape of high-rise building fires.
  • the invention can also provide a "convenient passage" for the firefighters to rescue the trapped person, and can avoid the danger that the firefighter faces when the trapped person walks through the fire. According to different situations Lateral prestressed escapes can be used with some corresponding brackets. If the escape strap is kept at a suitable distance from the wall, the escaper can escape more smoothly.
  • Embodiment 1 The production scheme of the escape device is a carbon fiber rope or a glass fiber rope which can be used with high strength, light weight, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Leave one end (end) of the strap with the appropriate length to connect with the seat belt of the escaper's waist; after applying adhesive on both sides of the strap, rewind the strap back and forth, at the beginning of the stacking The length of the belt is the largest, and each layer is laminated one by one, and the length of the rope is appropriately reduced, so that the rope which is laminated on one piece finally forms a trapezoid or a triangle, when the adhesive strength and the rope When the width of the belt is properly matched, a lateral prestress of an appropriate size can be produced.
  • the escape device manufactured in this way can be fastened to the escaper's waist by a seat belt, and the escaper can grasp the rope released by the escape device attached to the waist by hand, and change the grip strength to further adjust the descending speed. .
  • Embodiment 2 The rope of the escape device still uses a carbon fiber rope or a glass fiber rope with high strength, light weight, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • the two ends of A and B of a rope are folded in opposite directions, and a new end C is formed at the midpoint of the rope, from the C end to the A end and the B end (the two ends of the end A and B of the rope are left)
  • a section of sufficient length to be connected to the solid point of the building and to the seat belt attached to the escaper can be used in combination with two methods, either by adhesive bonding or by sewing, to produce an appropriate size of transverse prestressing. .
  • the A end is connected to the firm point of the building, the B end is connected to the seat belt attached to the escaper, and the C end of the escape rope is placed outside the wall of the building.
  • the escaper can walk along the window from the window or balcony.
  • the façade descends to the ground or to a safe floor.
  • the lateral prestressing force can be appropriately increased near the C end, that is, the descending speed of the escaper when approaching the ground is slower, and it is more stable when landing. This measure of proper lateral prestressing at the end of the rope release near the end can make the landing more secure, and the following methods are equally applicable.
  • Embodiment 3 The method of Embodiment 2 is still adopted, except that the rope from the C end to the B end of the rope is divided into two to four (or more) in the longitudinal direction, and the width of the two to four ropes can be The same can be different, the width is different, the transverse prestressing is also different, the corresponding combination of the different width of the rope can be adapted to people of different weights to escape or can be used by many people.
  • Embodiment 4 Two ropes A and ropes B of the same width are folded in a V shape along a longitudinal center line, and then two ropes in a V shape are interposed with each other, with an adhesive Adhesive or sewing method to form an appropriate size of lateral prestress between the cord A and the strap B, the lower end of the strap is sewn securely, and the strap A and the strap B are sufficiently left at the upper end of the strap Length to connect to the building's secure points and seat belts.
  • Embodiment 5 Two straps A and straps B of appropriate width (the widths of the straps A and the straps B may be the same or different) are parallel and placed side by side on the two straps C and the strap D Between, the width of the strap C and the strap D is equal to the sum of the widths of the strap A and the strap B, and the adhesive bonding or sewing method or both methods are used simultaneously to make the strap A and the strap B and Appropriately sized transverse prestress between the rope C and the rope D, the lower ends of the four ropes are to be firmly connected; the upper ends of the ropes C and the rope D are sufficiently long to be connected to the firm points of the building, the ropes A And the upper end of the strap B is also left with a sufficient length to connect with the escape belt of the escaper, and the strap A and the strap B can be used for escape.
  • the width of the strap C and the strap D is equal to the sum of the widths of the strap A and the strap B, and the adhesive bonding or sewing method or both
  • the cord A and the strap B can also be replaced by a cord.
  • Embodiment 6 a row or a plurality of holes (or cuts) are formed in a strip or a bag of a proper width to form a perforation between the stamps, and the transverse prestress is adjusted by the difference in the density of the perforations.
  • the size is adapted to suit people of different body weights.
  • the escape device made in the manners of the second embodiment to the sixth embodiment is a two-layer rope which is close together or a single layer, and when the escape belt is released by 1 meter, the escaper The drop is 2 meters, so if the rope of the escape is 50 meters long, the escaper can descend from the floor of 100 meters to the ground; if there is an escape rope at the end of the escape rope (falling end) With a normal rope with the same length, the escaper can grasp the dropped rope from the beginning to the end, and further adjust the descending speed to make the landing more secure.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种高层建筑发生火灾时的横向预应力逃生器,由具有适当大小的横向预应力或横向牢固度的布带、绳带或绳索构成,所述的横向是指与布带、绳带或绳索的长度方向相垂直的方向。其中,所述的横向预应力可以采用一种或几种方法产生,可以保存在布带、绳带或绳索的内部,也可以保存在布带、绳带或绳索之间,用其抵消逃生者体重的一部分重力,能使逃生者以安全的速度逃生。所述的横向预应力逃生器结构简单,可以使用足够长的布带、绳带或绳索而不致于其体积很大,适用于高层建筑火灾的逃生。

Description

横向预应力逃生器 发明内容
[0001] 本发明涉及公安消防救生技术领域, 具体讲是建筑火灾逃生器的制 作方法。
背景技术
[0002] 目前已知的各种建筑火灾逃生器几乎都采用减速机构来降低逃生 者的下降速度, 使逃生者能以安全的速度逃生。 已知的逃生器的减速机构 是多种多样,有用结构复杂的发电机、液压系统作为负荷来达到减速目的, 而更多的是采用摩擦力作为负荷, 其体积有大有小, 结构有复杂的也有较 筒单的, 操作方法也是五花八门, 使用起来有一定的局限性, 并且承载着 逃生者的绳索与窗台或建筑物突出的外沿会产生相互摩擦, 这样窗台和建 筑外沿对绳索会造成损伤而产生不安全因素, 尤其是高层建筑逃生时下降 的距离较长这种不安全因素产生的危险更为突出, 目前高层建筑火灾救生 是个非常棘手的问题, 所以急需一种结构筒单、 使用灵活、 操作方便的逃 生器。
发明内容
[0003] 本发明的思路是: 在一条绳带的一端, 沿纵向 (绳带长度方向)将 其分为 A端和 B端, 若将 A端固定, 并有一外力拉扯 B端, 当外力大于绳 带的横向 (与绳带的长度方向垂直) 牢固度时, 绳带会被分为两条, 其长 度也增加一倍。 在整个过程中绳带的横向牢固度始终抵消一部分外力, 如 果绳带的横向牢固度被适当大小的横向预应力代替(或者牢固度被控制为 适当大小), 利用这个适当大小的横向预应力 (横向牢固度)来抵消逃生者 体重的一部分重力, 该绳带就具有逃生功能可供逃生者利用其逃生。
[0004] 本发明所公开的技术方案的特征是: 用某一种方法产生或用某几种 方法共同产生适当大小的横向预应力或是横向牢固度(横向是指与布带(绳 带、 绳索)长度方向相垂直), 并将其保存在布带(绳带、 绳索) 的内部或 保存在布带 (绳带、 绳索) 与布带 (绳带、 绳索)之间, 用其抵消逃生者 体重的一部分重力, 使逃生者能以安全的速度逃生。
[0005] 本发明公开的技术方案的另一个特征是: 横向预应力逃生器的 逃生距离 (下降高度) 能够达到逃生器布带 (绳带、 绳索 }的长度的二倍, 也能与逃生器布带 (绳带、 绳索 }的长度相等。
[0006] 如上所述, 具有适当大小的横向预应力(横向牢固度)的布带(绳 带、 绳索)就构成横向预应力逃生器。
[0007] 如上所述, 横向预应力逃生器所具有的适当大小的横向预应力(横 向牢固度), 可以用某一种方法产生也可以用某几种方法共同产生。
[0008]如上所述, 横向预应力逃生器所具有的适当大小的横向预应力 (横 向牢固度), 可以保存在布带(绳带、 绳索)的内部,也可以保存在布带(绳 带、 绳索)与布带 (绳带、 绳索)之间或布带 (绳带)与绳索之间。
[0009] 如上所述, 横向预应力逃生器所具有的适当大小的横向预应力(横 向牢固度), 其数值的大小在布带(绳带、 绳索)不同的长度区间可以是相 同的, 也可以是不同的。
[0010] 如上所述, 具有适当大小的横向预应力的布带 (绳带、 绳索), 它 的形态不拘泥于某种方式, 可以是舒展开的也可以是聚拢在一块的, 聚拢 的方式也可以是往复叠压、 盘绕、 卷绕或其它的任意方式。 [0011] 如上所述, 具有适当大小的横向预应力 (横向牢固度)的布带(绳 带、 绳索)所构成的横向预应力逃生器, 可以由一条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 构成, 也可以由若干条布带(绳带、 绳索)构成, 或由若干条布带(绳带) 与若干条绳索构成。
[0012] 如上所述, 具有适当大小的横向预应力的布带(绳带、 绳索)所构 成的横向预应力逃生器, 其中各条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的材质可以是相同 的也可以是不同的。
[0013] 如上所述, 具有适当大小的横向预应力的布带(绳带、 绳索)所构 成的横向预应力逃生器, 其中各条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的横断面的形状可 以是任意的。
[0014]如上所述, 具有适当大小的横向预应力的布带 (绳带、 绳索)所构 成的横向预应力逃生器, 其中各条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的横断面的面积可 以是相同的也可以是不同的。 各条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的横断面积在布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的不同长度区间可以是相同的也可以是不同的。
[0015] 本发明的优点在于: 本发明公开的方法将目前已知的逃生器必不可 少的减速机构遁于无形, 按照本发明公开的方法制作的横向预应力逃生器 在使用时其布带 (绳带、 绳索) 不会与建筑物的窗台、 突出的外檐产生位 移摩擦而致布带 (绳带、 绳索)损伤, 其结构筒单, 操作方便, 逃生者可 视火灾现场情况能够灵活选择适宜出逃的窗口、 阳台逃生, 由于结构筒单 可以使用足够长的布带 (绳带、 绳索) 而不致其体积很大, 所以尤其适用 于高层建筑火灾的逃生。 本发明还能为消防员救援被困者提供 "便捷的通 道" ,可以避免消防员带领被困者从火场穿行而面临的危险。 根据不同情况 可以利用某些相应的支架来使用横向预应力逃生器。 如果使逃生器的绳带 与墙壁保持合适的距离, 逃生者能够更顺畅的逃生。
具体实施方式
[0016] 实施方式一: 逃生器的制作方案是可以采用强度大, 重量轻, 耐高 温, 耐腐蚀的碳纤维绳带或玻璃纤维绳带。 将绳带的一端 (末端) 留有适 当的长度以便与逃生者腰间的安全带相连; 绳带的两面均涂抹粘合剂后, 将绳带往复叠压在一块, 在叠压开始时绳带的长度为最大, 每叠压一层, 绳带的长度都适当减小, 这样就使叠压在一块的绳带最后形成一个梯形或 三角形, 当粘合剂的粘合力的大小以及绳带的宽度匹配合适时, 可以产生 适当大小的横向预应力。 当绳带在重力的作用下释放时会从最上层逐层向 下释放, 在绳带的另一端 (首端)设有套环或装有索扣以便悬挂于建筑物 牢固点或是相连。 按此方式制造的逃生器, 可通过安全带系于逃生者的腰 间, 逃生者可以用手抓握系于腰间的逃生器释放出来的绳带, 改变抓握力 度还可以进一步调整下降速度。
[0017] 实施方式二: 逃生器的绳带仍然采用强度大, 重量轻, 耐高温, 耐 腐蚀的碳纤维绳带或玻璃纤维绳带。 将一条绳带的 A、 B两端相向对折, 在 绳带的中点形成新的端头 C,从 C端到 A端和 B端 (将绳带 A端和 B端两个 端头留有足够的长度, 以便与建筑的牢固点相连和系于逃生者身上的安全 带相连) 的区间用粘合剂粘合或用缝纫的方法也可以两种方法同时使用, 产生适当大小的横向预应力。使用时将 A端与建筑的牢固点相连, B端与系 于逃生者身上的安全带相连, 逃生器绳带的 C端垂放于建筑的墙外, 逃生 者可从窗口或阳台沿建筑的外墙下降到地面或安全的楼层。 [0018] 在接近 C端附近可以适当增加横向预应力, 即逃生者接近地面时的 下降速度更慢一些, 落地时更稳妥。 这种在绳带释放接近末尾阶段适当增 加横向预应力的措施可使落地更稳妥, 下述几种方式同样适用。
[0019] 实施方式三: 仍然采用实施方式二的办法只是将绳带的 C端到 B端 的绳带沿纵向分为二到四条(或更多), 而这二到四条的绳带的宽度可以相 同也可不同, 宽度不同其横向预应力也不同, 将宽度不同的绳带进行相应 的组合可以适应不同体重的人逃生使用或可供多人使用。
[0020] 实施方式四: 将两条宽度相同的绳带 A和绳带 B, 沿纵向中心线对 折形成 V形, 然后将呈 V形的两条绳带相互对插在一起, 用粘合剂粘合或 用缝纫的方法在绳带 A和绳带 B之间形成适当大小的横向预应力, 将绳带 的下端缝纫牢固, 在绳带的上端将绳带 A和绳带 B留有足够的长度以便与 建筑的牢固点和安全带连接。
[0021] 实施方式五: 将适当宽度的两条绳带 A和绳带 B (绳带 A和绳带 B 的宽度可以相同也可以不同)平行且并排置于两条绳带 C和绳带 D之间, 绳带 C和绳带 D的宽度等于绳带 A和绳带 B宽度之和, 用粘合剂粘合或缝 纫的方法或两种方法同时使用, 使绳带 A和绳带 B与绳带 C和绳带 D之间 产生适当大小的横向预应力, 四条绳带的下端要牢固连接;绳带 C和绳带 D 的上端留有足够的长度与建筑的牢固点相连, 绳带 A和绳带 B的上端也留 有足够的长度与逃生者的安全带相连,绳带 A和绳带 B可供俩人逃生使用。
[0022] 绳带 A和绳带 B也可用绳索代替。
[0023]实施方式六: 在适当宽度的布带或是布袋沿纵向间断的打一列或数 列孔(或是切割)形成邮票间的齿孔, 由齿孔密度的不同调整横向预应力 的大小以适应不同体重的人使用。
[0024] 按实施方式二至实施方式六几种方式制作的逃生器其绳带由于是 两层绳带并拢或单层并排在一起的, 当逃生器的绳带释放 1 米时, 逃生者 就下降了 2米, 所以逃生器的绳带若是 5 0米长, 逃生者就能从 1 00米高的 楼层下降到地面; 如果在逃生器绳带的末端 (垂落端) 附加一条与逃生器 绳带长度相同的普通绳带, 逃生者可以从始至终用手适度抓握垂放下来的 绳带, 进一步调整下降速度使落地更稳妥。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种横向预应力逃生器, 其特征是: 由具有适当大小的横向预应力或是 适当大小的横向牢固度(横向是指与布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的长度方向相垂 直) 的布带 (绳带、 绳索)构成横向预应力逃生器。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的适当大小的横向预应力 (横向牢固度), 可以用某 一种方法产生也可以用某几种方法共同产生。
3. 如权利要求 1 所述的适当大小的横向预应力 (横向牢固度), 可以保存 在布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的内部, 也可以保存在布带 (绳带、 绳索) 与布带
(绳带、 绳索)之间或绳带 (布带)与绳索之间。
4. 如权利要求 1 所述的适当大小的横向预应力 (横向牢固度), 其数值的 大小在布带(绳带、绳索)不同的长度区间可以是相同的也可以是不同的。
5. 如权利要求 1 所述的横向预应力逃生器的布带 (绳带、 绳索), 它的形 态不拘泥于某种方式, 可以是舒展开的也可以是聚拢在一块的, 聚拢的方 式也可以是往复叠压、 盘绕、 卷绕或其它的任意方式。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的横向预应力逃生器,可以由一条布带(绳带、绳索 ) 构成, 也可以由若干条布带 (绳带、 绳索)构成, 或若干条布带 (绳带) 与若干条绳索构成。
7. 如权利要求 6 所述的横向预应力逃生器, 其中各条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的横断面的面积可以是相同的也可以是不同的。
8. 如权利要求 6所述的横向预应力逃生器的布带(绳带、 绳索)的横断面 的形状可以是任意的。
9. 如权利要求 6 所述的横向预应力逃生器, 其中各条布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的材质可以是相同的也可以是不同的。
10. 本发明公开的技术方案的另一特征是: 横向预应力逃生器的逃生距离
(下降的高度) 能够达到逃生器的布带 (绳带、 绳索) 长度的二倍, 也能 够与逃生器的布带 (绳带、 绳索) 的长度相等。
PCT/CN2013/072559 2012-03-15 2013-03-14 横向预应力逃生器 WO2013135178A1 (zh)

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