WO2013131242A1 - 一种用于最低谷充电的设备及方法 - Google Patents

一种用于最低谷充电的设备及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013131242A1
WO2013131242A1 PCT/CN2012/071976 CN2012071976W WO2013131242A1 WO 2013131242 A1 WO2013131242 A1 WO 2013131242A1 CN 2012071976 W CN2012071976 W CN 2012071976W WO 2013131242 A1 WO2013131242 A1 WO 2013131242A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
valley
lowest valley
lowest
charge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/071976
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭春林
蒋凌云
王丹
陈筱陆
武力
Original Assignee
华北电力大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华北电力大学 filed Critical 华北电力大学
Priority to PCT/CN2012/071976 priority Critical patent/WO2013131242A1/zh
Publication of WO2013131242A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013131242A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/62The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
    • H02J2310/64The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12Remote or cooperative charging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power applications, and in particular to an apparatus and method for lowest valley charging. Background technique
  • An electric vehicle is a vehicle that is driven by a motor in whole or in part.
  • a charging device capable of charging an electric vehicle In order to supply electric power to electric vehicles, a charging device capable of charging an electric vehicle must be provided.
  • electric vehicle charging equipment mainly includes charging piles, charging stations, and the like.
  • the charging pile is relatively simple, has a small footprint, is easy to install, can be installed in an electric vehicle charging station, a public parking lot, and is easy to operate, and is an important electric vehicle charging facility.
  • the charging station is similar to the car filling station. It is a larger type of "power station" that can quickly charge mobile phones, electric vehicles, electric vehicles and other equipment. It can charge several sets to dozens of battery packs at the same time. High-power off-board chargers quickly charge the battery directly, or you can use a non-vehicle or on-board charger to slowly charge the battery.
  • the electrical load is usually changed with time. It is usually divided into three stages: peak, flat and trough, or more time or two. Due to the large amount of electricity used during the peak period, it is prone to overload, which is not conducive to the safe operation of the equipment. However, during the flat and valley periods, the electricity consumption is less, especially in the valley period, the grid load rate is low, which is also not conducive to the equipment. normal operation. Most The trough is the period of relatively low electricity consumption during the trough, that is, the period of time when the minimum load is set to the lowest valley radius.
  • the minimum load setting time is an intermediate time of the valley period, a predicted actual minimum load time, an average minimum load time during a period, a specified variable time, or a designated fixed time.
  • the lowest valley radius is the minimum time difference between the minimum load setting time and the valley start time and the valley end time, the specified variable duration, the specified fixed duration, or the minimum load setting time, the valley start time, A linear function of the end of the valley period.
  • a method for charging a lowest valley comprising: A. acquiring charging state information, the charging state information including current Power, rated power and charging power; B. Obtain the lowest valley charging demand, and calculate the charging time period and/or estimated cost according to the lowest valley charging demand and charging status information; C. Display charging time period and/or estimated cost; D. Acquiring the charging indication information; E. If the charging indication information selects the lowest valley charging, the lowest valley charging is performed on the motor vehicle; otherwise, the lowest valley charging is not performed.
  • a method for lowest valley charging comprising: A. acquiring charging state information, the charging state information including current power, rated power, and Charging power; B. Obtain the immediate charging demand and the lowest valley charging demand, and calculate the charging time period and/or the estimated cost according to the immediate charging demand, the lowest valley charging demand and the charging state information; C. Display the charging time period and / or estimated cost; D. Get charging indication information; E. If the charging indication information indicates that immediate charging and lowest valley charging are selected, the vehicle is immediately charged and lowest valley charged; otherwise, immediate charging and lowest valley charging are not performed. .
  • step C if the charging period and/or prediction of the display is included The fee is not accepted, repeat steps B and C until accepted.
  • the charging time period and/or the estimated cost are not accepted, the lowest valley charging demand amount or the immediate charging demand amount and the lowest valley charging demand amount may be repeatedly obtained, and the charging time period and/or the estimated cost may be repeatedly calculated. Until accepted.
  • the lowest valley charge demand amount and/or the immediate charge demand amount is: a final amount or an increase amount; and the charge demand amount is represented by one of the following: a travel distance, a percentage of the battery rated capacity, and a charge degree , the length of charging time or the amount of electricity.
  • the charging demand is a charging demand input by the user or a preset charging demand of the system.
  • the charge demand amount is calculated based on the travel distance, and the charge demand amount is converted into the charge time period based on the charge state information.
  • the charge demand amount is calculated based on the electricity rate, and the charge amount is converted into the charge time period based on the charge state information.
  • the method further includes displaying at least one of the following: a charging start time, a charging end time, a charging start electric quantity, a charging end electric quantity, a distance that can be traveled before charging starts, a distance that can be traveled when charging ends, or a charging electricity fee.
  • the method further comprises storing, by the storage unit in the charging device, at least one of: a valley start time, a valley end time, a lowest valley start time, a lowest valley end time, electricity price information; or by storage in a motor vehicle
  • the unit stores at least one of the following: a valley start time, a valley end time, a lowest valley start time, a lowest valley end time, a tariff ir, preferably, after the step ⁇ otherwise not performing the lowest valley charge or not immediately After charging and lowest valley charging, it is also possible to select one of the following charging modes according to the charging indication information: immediate charging, timed charging, valley charging, off-peak charging, immediate charging and valley charging, or immediate charging and Non-peak charging.
  • the immediate charging and the trough charging indicate: a charging mode combining a charging mode of the immediate charging and the trough charging.
  • the immediate charging and the non-peak charging indicate: a charging mode combining a charging mode of the immediate charging and the non-peak charging.
  • the lowest valley charging is performed, charging is started at the lowest valley start time until the minimum valley charging demand is completed, when charging is not completed in a lowest valley time, in other time periods or next lowest Recharging in the valley period to the completion of the minimum valley charging demand; or, the lowest valley charging period is evenly distributed on both sides of the minimum load setting time, and charging is started according to the obtained starting time until completion The minimum valley charge demand.
  • a method for lowest valley charging is provided, the charging device being connected to a motor vehicle, the method comprising: A. displaying charging prompt information; B. acquiring charging indication information; C. if said The charging indication information indicates that the lowest valley charging is selected, and the lowest valley is charged to the motor vehicle; otherwise, the lowest valley charging is not performed.
  • a charging apparatus for lowest valley charging is provided, the charging apparatus is connected to a motor vehicle, the charging apparatus comprising: a control unit, a display unit, and an input unit, wherein the control unit acquires Charging status information, the status information includes a current power, a rated power, and a charging power; acquiring a lowest valley charging demand, and calculating a lowest valley charging time period and/or an estimated cost according to the lowest valley charging demand amount and charging state information; The motor vehicle performs the lowest valley charging; the display unit displays the lowest valley charging time period and/or the estimated cost; and the input unit obtains the charging indication information.
  • a charging apparatus for lowest valley charging is provided, the charging apparatus is connected to a motor vehicle, the charging apparatus comprising: a control unit, a display unit, and an input unit, wherein the control unit acquires Charging status information, the status information includes a current power, a rated power, and a charging power; acquiring an immediate charging demand and a lowest valley charging demand, and calculating a charging time period according to the immediate charging demand, the lowest valley charging demand, and the charging state information And/or estimated cost; immediate charging and lowest valley charging of the motor vehicle; display unit, displaying charging time period and/or estimated cost; and input unit for obtaining charging indication information.
  • the lowest valley charge demand amount and/or the immediate charge demand amount is: a final amount or an increase amount; and the charge demand amount is represented by one of the following: a travel distance, a percentage of the battery rated capacity, and a charge degree , the length of charging time or the amount of electricity.
  • the charging demand is a charging demand input by the user or a preset charging of the system Demand.
  • the charge demand amount is calculated based on the travel distance, and the charge demand amount is converted into the charge time period based on the charge state information.
  • the charge demand amount is calculated based on the electricity rate, and the charge amount is converted into the charge time period based on the charge state information.
  • the method further includes displaying at least one of the following: a charging start time, a charging end time, a charging start electric quantity, a charging end electric quantity, a distance that can be traveled before charging starts, a distance that can be traveled when charging ends, or a charging electricity fee.
  • the method further comprises storing, by the storage unit in the charging device, at least one of: a valley start time, a valley end time, a lowest valley start time, a lowest valley end time, electricity price information; or by storage in a motor vehicle
  • the unit stores at least one of the following: valley start time, valley end time, lowest valley start time, lowest valley end time, and electricity price information.
  • a charging apparatus for lowest valley charging is provided, the charging apparatus is connected to a motor vehicle, the charging apparatus comprising: a control unit, a display unit, and an input unit, wherein the display unit displays Charging prompt information; an input unit, obtaining charging indication information; and a control unit, if the charging indication information indicates that the lowest valley charging is selected, performing a lowest valley charging on the motor vehicle.
  • the lowest valley charging charging is started at the lowest valley starting time until the minimum valley charging demand is completed, when charging is not completed in a lowest valley time, in other time periods or next lowest Recharging in the valley period to the completion of the minimum valley charging demand; or, the lowest valley charging period is evenly distributed on both sides of the minimum load setting time, and charging is started according to the obtained starting time until completion The minimum valley charge demand.
  • each programmable computer comprising a processor, a processor readable storage medium (including volatile and nonvolatile memory and/or Storage elements), as well as suitable input and output devices.
  • Application code Use the data entered by the input device to perform the functions described and generate output information. Apply output information to one or more output devices.
  • each program is preferably implemented using a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system.
  • the above procedure can be implemented in assembly or machine language if desired. In any case, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of charging an electric vehicle using a charging post in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure for charging a motor vehicle in a lowest valley according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of charging a vehicle in a lowest valley according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart for lowest valley charging according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart for immediate charging and lowest valley charging according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the terms “a”, “an”, “the” In addition, it should be understood that the terms “including”, “including”, and / are used in this specification. Or “contains”, specifies some features, entities, steps, operations, units, and / or components, but does not exclude one or more features, entities, steps, operations, units, components and/or groups . It will be understood that when a unit is referred to as “connected” or “coupled” to another unit, it can be directly connected or coupled to another unit, or an intermediate unit. Further, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein includes a wireless connection or coupling. The term “and/or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated items listed.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of charging an electric vehicle using a charging post in the prior art.
  • the structure includes a charging post 101 and an electric car 111.
  • the charging post 101 may include: a display unit 102, a control unit 103, and a power supply unit 104.
  • the electric vehicle 111 may include: a terminal control unit 112, a battery management unit 113, and a battery 114.
  • the charging post 101 can charge the electric vehicle 111 through the power transmission line 122.
  • the charging post 101 can also charge the electric vehicle 111 in an electromagnetically inductive manner, at which time the power transmission line 122 is not required.
  • the electric vehicle 111 can also be communicatively coupled to the charging post 101 via a wired or wireless communication line 121.
  • the electric vehicle 111 and the charging post 101 can transmit various data such as battery status information and the like to each other through a communication line.
  • the display unit 102 can display a state of charge, such as a percentage of charged information, a remaining time of charging, and the like.
  • the control unit 103 determines the display data by the data from the battery management unit 113, and supplies the display data to the display unit 102.
  • the control unit 103 controls the power supply unit 104 to charge the electric vehicle 111.
  • the terminal control unit 112 is a core control unit inside the electric vehicle 111, and realizes control of various functions of the electric vehicle 111.
  • the battery 114 is capable of storing electrical energy and is capable of providing direct current when the electric vehicle is traveling.
  • a Battery Management System (BMS) 113 is connected between the battery 114 and the terminal control unit 112 for improving the utilization of the battery, preventing overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery, and monitoring the state of the battery. Wait.
  • the electric car 111 can also be packaged
  • a power supply unit (not shown in FIG. 1) for converting the alternating current input from the charging post 101 into direct current is stored, thereby storing the converted direct current in the battery 114.
  • the charging process is related to the characteristics of the power battery.
  • lead-acid batteries often include pre-charging, constant-current charging, constant-voltage charging, and floating charging. In order to reduce the polarization effect, a reverse discharge pulse can also be mixed in the middle. When monitoring problems such as overheating, it is still allowed to stand. .
  • Electric vehicles The charging of commonly used lithium-ion batteries generally includes constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and protection against overheating. When the temperature is too high, the charging is suspended.
  • the method provided by the present invention is identical to the above charging method, and the controller calculates the charging period and/or the electricity rate according to the normal charging process, and performs charging according to the setting mode. At least the charging process is carried out to the lowest valley, or divided into two stages of immediate charging and lowest valley charging and the lowest valley charging stage is put into the lowest valley.
  • the charging post 101 cannot guarantee that the electric vehicle 111 is charged in the lowest valley of electricity consumption.
  • the present invention proposes an apparatus and method capable of charging a consumer such as an electric vehicle at a minimum valley.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the construction of a minimum valley charging of a motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure includes a charging device 201 and a motor vehicle 211.
  • the charging device 201 can be a charging station, a charging post, or the like that can charge the electrical device.
  • the motor vehicle 211 may be a motor vehicle that uses electric energy as a power such as an electric car, an electric bicycle, or an electric tricycle.
  • the present invention has been described by taking an electric vehicle as an example, but the present invention is not limited to an electric vehicle, but can be applied to other electric devices.
  • electric vehicles are all or part of electric vehicles driven by electric energy as power systems, including pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, and external plug-in hybrid vehicles.
  • the charging device 201 can charge the motor vehicle 211 via a wired or wireless transmission line 222.
  • the wired transmission line is, for example, a cable, and the wireless transmission line may be electromagnetically induced.
  • the motor vehicle 211 can also be in communication connection with the charging device 201 via a wired or wireless communication line 221.
  • the wired communication line is, for example, an optical fiber, a twisted pair, or the like.
  • the motor vehicle 211 and the charging device 201 can transmit various data to each other through the communication line 221, such as the current power, the rated power and the charging power of the motor vehicle, or the like, or may be a charging time period and approximate cost.
  • the charging power generally includes two aspects, one is a power curve allowed by the charging process of the motor vehicle or a description equivalent to the power curve, which is usually obtained from a battery management system of the motor vehicle; and the second is the maximum charging allowed by the charging device. power. The smaller of the two should be used when actually charging and calculating the charging period and/or estimated cost.
  • the charging device 201 may include: a display unit 202, a control unit 203, and an input unit 204.
  • the charging device 201 may further include a power supply unit 205 for converting the input alternating current into direct current, thereby transmitting the converted direct current to the motor vehicle 211, thereby storing the converted direct current in the battery 214.
  • a power supply unit (not shown) is also provided in the motor vehicle 211 for converting the alternating current input from the charging device 201 into direct current, thereby storing the converted direct current in the battery 214.
  • display unit 202 can display a charging time period and/or an estimated fee.
  • the charging period and/or the electricity rate is at least one of the following: a charging start time, a charging end time, a charging start electric quantity, a charging end electric quantity, a distance that can be traveled before charging starts, and a driving time at the end of charging. Distance or charge for electricity.
  • display unit 202 can display a charging mode, such as immediate charging and/or lowest valley charging.
  • the display unit 202 can be a touch
  • the control unit 203 can acquire charging status information.
  • the charging status information may be current power, rated power, and charging power.
  • the current power amount and the rated power amount are obtained by the battery management system of the motor vehicle 211.
  • the power supply unit when the power supply unit is disposed in the motor vehicle 211, information of the charging power is acquired from the motor vehicle 211.
  • the power supply unit when the power supply unit is disposed in the charging device 201, information of the charging power is acquired from the charging device 201.
  • the control unit 203 can acquire the lowest valley charge amount demand and/or the immediate charge demand amount.
  • the control unit 203 can acquire the lowest valley charge amount demand and/or the immediate charge demand amount via the display unit 202 or via the input unit 204.
  • the lowest valley charge demand amount and/or the immediate charge demand amount may be: a final amount or an increase amount, that is, a final charge amount or an increased charge amount.
  • the lowest valley charge demand amount and/or the immediate charge demand amount are represented by one of the following: travel distance, percentage of battery rated capacity, degree of charge, Charging time or electricity bill.
  • the lowest valley charge demand amount and/or the immediate charge demand amount may be a user input charge demand amount or a system preset charge demand amount.
  • the preset charging demand of the system may be less than the rated power, for example, 98%, 95%, 90% of the rated power or other appropriate amount, according to the calculation thereof. And display the charging period and / or estimated cost.
  • the charge demand amount is calculated according to the travel distance, and the charge demand amount is converted into the charging time period according to the charge state information.
  • the charge demand amount is calculated according to the electricity rate, and the charge amount is converted into the charging time period according to the charge state information.
  • the control unit 203 calculates the charging time period and/or the estimated fee based on the lowest valley charge demand amount and the charge state information.
  • the lowest valley charge amount demand and/or the immediate charge demand amount may be repeatedly obtained, and calculated according to the lowest valley charge demand amount and the charge state information. Charging time period and / or estimated cost.
  • the control unit 203 analyzes the charging instruction information acquired from the input unit 204. If the charging indication information selects the lowest valley charging, the control unit 203 performs the lowest valley charging of the motor vehicle.
  • the calculated charging period may be time-adjusted according to the amount of charging demand, that is, the charging period is moved forward or backward in time for a period of time (for example, several seconds or minutes).
  • the charging may be performed according to the obtained minimum valley charging demand, or may be charged according to the estimated time period.
  • the charging indication information may also indicate to select one or more of the following: immediate charging, timed charging, valley charging, or non-peak charging.
  • the timing charging refers to charging during a time period specified by the user.
  • the trough charging refers to charging during the trough time.
  • the non-peak charging refers to charging during a period other than the peak period.
  • the control unit 203 if the immediate charge demand amount and the lowest valley charge demand amount are acquired, the control unit 203 is based on the immediate charge demand amount and the lowest valley charge demand amount. And charging status information to calculate the charging period and/or estimated cost.
  • the immediate charging demand amount and the lowest valley charging demand amount may be repeatedly obtained, and according to the immediate charging demand amount, the lowest valley charging demand amount, and the charging state. The information calculates the charging period and/or the estimated cost.
  • the control unit 203 analyzes the charging instruction information acquired from the input unit 204. If the charging indication information selects immediate charging and lowest valley charging, the control unit 203 performs immediate charging and lowest valley charging of the vehicle.
  • the calculated charging period may be time-tuned according to the amount of charging demand, that is, the charging period is moved forward or backward in time for a period of time (for example, several seconds or minutes).
  • the charging may be performed according to the obtained charging demand amount, or may be charged according to the estimated time period.
  • the charging indication information may also indicate to select one or more of the following: immediate charging, timed charging, valley charging, or non-peak charging.
  • the timing charging refers to charging during a time period specified by a user.
  • the trough charging refers to charging during the trough time.
  • the non-peak charging refers to charging during a period other than the peak period.
  • the lowest valley charging is performed on the motor vehicle; otherwise, the lowest valley charging is not performed.
  • the input unit 204 is configured to acquire charging indication information.
  • the charging indication information may indicate that the lowest valley charging mode is selected.
  • the charging indication information may also indicate to select one or more of the following: immediate charging, timed charging, valley charging, or non-peak charging.
  • the timing charging refers to charging during a time period specified by a user.
  • the trough charging refers to charging during the trough time.
  • the non-peak charging refers to charging during a period other than the peak period.
  • the lowest valley charging charging is started at the lowest valley start time until the minimum valley charging demand is completed, when one lowest valley time cannot be completed, in other time periods or the next lowest valley time period Continue charging until the minimum valley charging demand is completed; or, the lowest valley charging period is in the The minimum load setting time is evenly distributed on both sides, and the charging is started according to the obtained starting time until the minimum valley charging demand is completed. At this time, if the calculated required time exceeds the lowest valley period, the lowest valley charging is not displayed. The information is not charged at the lowest valley.
  • other time periods may include a valley period, a non-peak period, and the like.
  • the power unit 205 can provide the vehicle with the power required for immediate charging, lowest valley charging, or immediate charging and lowest valley charging.
  • the alternating current can be converted to direct current by the power supply unit 205 in the charging device 201, and then the direct current is transmitted to the motor vehicle 211, and then the battery is charged with the direct current.
  • the electric power obtained by the charging device 201 is an alternating current
  • the alternating current can be directly transmitted to the motor vehicle 211, the alternating current power is converted into direct current by a power supply unit (not shown) in the motor vehicle 211, and then the battery is charged with the direct current.
  • the direct current can be directly transmitted to the motor vehicle 211, and then the battery is charged with direct current.
  • the power supply unit in the motor vehicle 211 or the charging device 201 can be rectified, and then the rectified direct current is used to charge the battery.
  • the charging device 201 may further include a storage unit (not shown in FIG. 2), and the storage unit stores at least one of the following: a valley start time, a valley end time, a lowest valley start time, a lowest valley end time, The electricity price information; or storing at least one of the following contents by a storage unit in the motor vehicle: a valley start time, a valley end time, a lowest valley start time, a lowest valley end time, and electricity price information.
  • a storage unit not shown in FIG. 2
  • the storage unit stores at least one of the following: a valley start time, a valley end time, a lowest valley start time, a lowest valley end time, The electricity price information.
  • the motor vehicle 211 includes: a terminal control unit 212, a battery management system 213, and a battery 214.
  • the terminal control unit 212 is a core control unit inside the electric vehicle, and realizes control of various functions of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery 214 is capable of storing electrical energy and is capable of providing direct current when the electric vehicle is traveling.
  • the battery management system 213 is connected between the battery 214 and the terminal control unit 212 for improving the utilization of the battery, preventing overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, prolonging the life of the battery, and monitoring the state of the battery.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the construction of a lowest valley in a motor vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure includes a charging device 301 and a motor vehicle 311. image 3
  • the charging device 301 of Fig. 3 further includes a communication unit.
  • the communication unit 307 can be wired or wirelessly connected to the motor vehicle 311, and the communication unit 307 can transmit the charging status information to the motor vehicle 311 in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the communication unit 307 is capable of communicating with a user communication device, which may be a cell phone, a personal digital device, a laptop computer, a personal computer, or the like.
  • the communication unit 307 can wirelessly transmit the charging status information to the user's communication device, and can wirelessly receive the user command from the user's communication device.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow chart for lowest valley charging in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method begins at step 400 by connecting the charging device to the vehicle and performing the necessary initialization.
  • charging status information is acquired, and the charging status information includes current power, rated power, and charging power.
  • the battery management system is connected between the battery and the terminal control unit to improve battery utilization, prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, extend battery life, and monitor battery status.
  • a minimum valley charge demand amount is obtained, and a charging time period and/or an estimated fee is calculated based on the lowest valley charge demand amount and the charge state information.
  • a charging time period and/or an estimated fee are displayed;
  • step 405 if the charging indication information selects the lowest valley charging, the lowest valley is charged to the motor vehicle; otherwise, the lowest valley charging is not performed.
  • the lowest valley charge amount demand and/or the immediate charge demand amount may be repeatedly obtained, and calculated according to the lowest valley charge demand amount and the charge state information. Charging time period and / or estimated cost.
  • the charging indication information does not select the lowest valley charging, after the lowest valley charging is not performed, one or more of the following contents may also be selected according to the charging indication information: immediate charging, timed charging, valley charging, Or non-peak charging.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a flow diagram for immediate charging and lowest valley charging in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method begins at step 500 by connecting a charging device to a motor vehicle and performing the necessary initialization.
  • step 501 acquiring charging status information, the charging status State information includes current power, rated power, and charging power;
  • step 502 an immediate charging demand amount and a lowest valley charging demand amount are obtained, and a charging time period and/or an estimated cost are calculated according to the immediate charging demand amount, the lowest valley charging demand amount, and the charging state information;
  • a charging time period and/or an estimated fee are displayed;
  • step 505 if the charging indication information indicates that immediate charging and lowest valley charging are selected, the vehicle is immediately charged and lowest valley charged; otherwise, immediate charging and lowest valley charging are not performed.
  • the immediate charging demand amount and the lowest valley charging demand amount may be repeatedly obtained, and according to the immediate charging demand amount, the lowest valley charging demand amount, and the charging state.
  • the information calculates the charging period and/or the estimated cost.
  • the charging indication information does not select the lowest valley charging, after the lowest valley charging is not performed, one or more of the following contents may also be selected according to the charging indication information: immediate charging, timed charging, valley charging, Or non-peak charging.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow chart for lowest valley charging in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the method begins at step 600 by connecting the charging device to the vehicle and performing the necessary initialization.
  • Step 601 displaying charging prompt information
  • Step 602 Acquire charging indication information.
  • Step 603 If the charging indication information indicates that the lowest valley charging is selected, the lowest valley charging is performed on the motor vehicle; otherwise, the lowest valley charging is not performed.

Abstract

一种用于最低谷充电的方法,将充电设备(201)连接到机动车(211),该方法包括:A.获取充电状态信息,该充电状态信息包括当前电量、额定电量和充电功率(401);B.获取最低谷充电需求量,并根据最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和/或预计费用(402);C.显示充电时间段和/或预计费用(403);D.获取充电指示信息(404);E.如果该充电指示信息选择最低谷充电,则对机动车进行最低谷充电(405);否则不进行最低谷充电。

Description

一种用于最低谷充电的设备及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电力应用领域, 并且特别地涉及一种用于最低谷充电的设 备及方法。 背景技术
目前, 温室效应危害逐年加大并且石油短缺问题日益加剧, 传统汽车 进一步加剧了日益严重的环境污染和能源短缺问题。 电动汽车效率高、 排 放低, 能够从根本上减少对石油的依赖, 增加可再生能源的利用, 降低二 氧化碳和污染物的排放,得到了广泛的重视。世界各国纷纷 ^巨额资金, 开展电动汽车技^发, 尤其是在核心的供电系统、 驱动系统方面, 进行 了大量研究, 取得了长足的 。
电动汽车是指全部或部分由电机驱动的汽车,目前主要有纯电动汽车、 混合动力汽车、 燃料电池电动汽车以及外接充电式混合动力汽车等。 为了 向电动汽车提供电力, 必须设置能够为电动汽车充电的充电设备。 目前, 电动汽车充电设备主要包括充电桩、 充电站等。
一般地, 充电桩比较简单, 占地面积小, 安装方便, 可安装于电动汽 车充电站、 公共停车场所, 操作简便, 是重要的电动汽车充电设施。 充电 站和汽车加油站相类似, 是一种较大型的"加电站", 可以快速地给手机、 电动车、 电动汽车等设备充电, 可以同时充电几套到数十套的电池组合, 可以利用大功率的非车载充电机直接对电池进行快速充电, 也可以利用非 车载或车载充电机对电池进行慢速充电。
在电力系统中,用电负荷通常是随时间变化的,通常每天划分为高峰、 平段和低谷三个阶段, 也可以有更多时段或两个时段。 由于在高峰阶段用 电量较大, 容易出现过负荷, 不利于设备的运行安全, 而在平期和谷期用 电量较少, 尤其是谷期, 电网负载率低, 同样不利于设备的正常运行。 最 低谷是谷期中用电量相对较小的时间段, 即最低负荷设定时刻两侧为最低 谷半径的时间段。 所述最低负荷设定时刻是谷期的中间时刻, 预测的实际 最低负荷时刻、 一段期间平均的最低负荷时刻、 指定的可变时刻, 或者, 指定的固定时刻。 最低谷半径是所述最低负荷设定时刻与谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间的时间差最小者, 指定的可变时长, 指定的固定时长, 或者 是最低负荷设定时刻、 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间的线性函数。
而日益增加的电动汽车可能会加剧峰期负荷功率过大的问题, 而现有 技术中的充电桩和充电站等充电设备中没有考虑这一问题。 为了解决这种 问题, 需要充分利用 "最低谷"对非应急、 非即时的电动车进行充电。 本发 明的目标正是针对这一问题, 提出如何充分利用最低谷电的方法。 发明内容
为了解决上述问题, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种用于最低谷充 电的方法, 将充电设备连接到机动车, 所述方法包括: A.获取充电状态信 息, 所述充电状态信息包括当前电量、 额定电量和充电功率; B.获取最低 谷充电需求量, 并根据最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段 和 /或预计费用; C.显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用; D.获取充电指示信息; E.如果所述充电指示信息选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行最低谷充电; 否则不进行最低谷充电。
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种用于最低谷充电的方法, 将充电设 备连接到机动车, 所述方法包括: A.获取充电状态信息, 所述充电状态信 息包括当前电量、 额定电量和充电功率; B.获取立即充电需求量和最低谷 充电需求量, 并根据立即充电需求量、 最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息 计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用; C.显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用; D.获取 充电指示信息; E.如果所述充电指示信息指示选择立即充电和最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行立即充电和最低谷充电; 否则不进行立即充电和最低谷充 电。
优选地,其中在步骤 C中还包括,如果对显示的充电时间段和 /或预计 费用不接受, 重复执行步骤 B和 C直到接受为止。 优选地, 如果对显示出 充电时间段和 /或预计费用不接受, 则可以重复获取最低谷充电需求量或立 即充电需求量和最低谷充电需求量, 重复计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用, 直到接受为止。
优选地, 其中最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量是: 最终量或 增加量; 并且充电需求量由以下内容中的一种来表示: 行驶距离、 电池额 定容量的百分比、 充电度数、 充电时间长度或电费金额。
优选地, 其中充电需求量是用户输入的充电需求量或系统预设的充电 需求量。
优选地, 其中根据行驶距离计算充电需求量, 并根据充电状态信息将 充电需求量转换为充电时间段。
优选地, 其中根据电费计算充电需求量, 并根据充电状态信息将充电 量转换为充电时间段。
优选地, 还包括显示以下内容中的至少一个: 充电开始时间、 充电结 束时间、 充电开始时电量、 充电结束时电量、 充电开始前能够行驶的距离、 充电结束时能够行驶的距离或充电电费。
优选地, 还包括通过充电设备中的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一 个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息; 或者通过机动车中的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷 期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信 ir 优选地, 在步骤 Ε的否则不进行最低谷充电之后或不进行立即充电和 最低谷充电之后 , 还能够根据所述充电指示信息选择以下充电模式中的一 种: 立即充电、 定时充电、 谷期充电、 非峰期充电、 立即充电和谷期充电、 或者立即充电和非峰期充电。 优选地, 其中立即充电和谷期充电表示: 立 即充电和谷期充电两种充电方式相结合的充电模式。 优选地, 其中立即充 电和非峰期充电表示: 立即充电和非峰期充电这两种充电方式相结合的充 电模式。 优选的, 其中进行最低谷充电时, 在所述最低谷开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量,当一个最低谷时间内不能完成充电时, 在其它时间段或者下一个最低谷时间段内继续充电至完成所述最低谷充电 的需求量; 或者, 将所述最低谷充电时间段在所述最低负荷设定时刻两侧 平均分布, 按照得到的开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电的需 求量。
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种用于最低谷充电的方法, 将充电设 备连接到机动车, 所述方法包括: A.显示充电提示信息; B.获取充电指示 信息; C.如果所述充电指示信息指示选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行最 低谷充电; 否则, 不进行最低谷充电。
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种用于最低谷充电的充电设备, 将充 电设备连接到机动车, 所述充电设备包括: 控制单元、 显示单元以及输入 单元, 其特征在于, 控制单元, 获取充电状态信息, 所述状态信息包括当 前电量、 额定电量和充电功率; 获取最低谷充电需求量, 并根据最低谷充 电需求量和充电状态信息计算最低谷充电时间段和 /或预计费用; 对机动车 进行最低谷充电; 显示单元, 显示最低谷充电时间段和 /或预计费用; 以及 输入单元, 获取充电指示信息。
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种用于最低谷充电的充电设备, 将充 电设备连接到机动车, 所述充电设备包括: 控制单元、 显示单元以及输入 单元, 其特征在于, 控制单元, 获取充电状态信息, 所述状态信息包括当 前电量、额定电量和充电功率;获取立即充电需求量和最低谷充电需求量, 并根据立即充电需求量、 最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间 段和 /或预计费用; 对机动车进行立即充电和最低谷充电; 显示单元, 显示 充电时间段和 /或预计费用; 以及输入单元, 获取充电指示信息。
优选地, 其中最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量是: 最终量或 增加量; 并且充电需求量由以下内容中的一种来表示: 行驶距离、 电池额 定容量的百分比、 充电度数、 充电时间长度或电费金额。
优选地, 其中充电需求量是用户输入的充电需求量或系统预设的充电 需求量。
优选地, 其中根据行驶距离计算充电需求量, 并根据充电状态信息将 充电需求量转换为充电时间段。
优选地, 其中根据电费计算充电需求量, 并根据充电状态信息将充电 量转换为充电时间段。
优选地, 还包括显示以下内容中的至少一个: 充电开始时间、 充电结 束时间、 充电开始时电量、 充电结束时电量、 充电开始前能够行驶的距离、 充电结束时能够行驶的距离或充电电费。
优选地, 还包括通过充电设备中的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一 个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息; 或者通过机动车中的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷 期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信 息。
根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种用于最低谷充电的充电设备, 将充 电设备连接到机动车, 所述充电设备包括: 控制单元、 显示单元和输入单 元, 其特征在于, 显示单元, 显示充电提示信息; 输入单元, 获取充电指 示信息; 控制单元, 如果所述充电指示信息指示选择最低谷充电, 则对机 动车进行最低谷充电。
优选地, 其中进行最低谷充电时, 在所述最低谷开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量,当一个最低谷时间内不能完成充电时, 在其它时间段或者下一个最低谷时间段内继续充电至完成所述最低谷充电 的需求量; 或者, 将所述最低谷充电时间段在所述最低负荷设定时刻两侧 平均分布, 按照得到的开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电的需 求量。
此处介绍的许多技术可以用硬件、 固件、 软件或其组合来实现。 在一 个实例中, 在可编程计算机上执行的计算机程序中实现上述技术, 每个可 编程计算机均包括处理器、 处理器可读的存储媒介 (包括易失性和非易失 性存储器和 /或存储元件), 以及合适的输入和输出设备。 将程序代码应用 于使用输入设备输入的数据, 从而执行所介绍的功能以及生成输出信息。 将输出信息应用到一个或多个输出设备。 此外, 优选地使用高级过程或面 向对象的编程语言实现每个程序, 从而与计算机系统进行通信。 然而, 如 果需要的话, 可以用汇编或机器语言来实现上述程序。 在任何情况下, 所 述语言可以是编译或解释的语言。 附图说明
通过结合附图阅读优选示例性实施方式的下列详细描述, 可以更好地 理解本发明的这些以及进一步的特点和优势, 其中:
图 1 示出了现有技术中利用充电桩对电动汽车进行充电的结构示意 图;
图 2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式对机动车进行最低谷充电的结 构示意图;
图 3示出了根据本发明的另一实施方式对机动车进行最低谷充电的结 构示意图;
图 4示出了根据本发明一个实施方式的用于最低谷充电的流程图; 图 5是根据本发明一个实施方式的用于立即充电和最低谷充电的流程 图; 以及
图 6是根据本发明另一实施方式的用于最低谷充电的流程图。 具体实施方式
现在参考附图介绍本发明的示例性实施方式, 然而, 本发明可以用许 多不同的形式来实施, 并且不局限于此处描述的实施例, 提供这些实施例 是为了详尽地且完全地公开本发明, 并且向所属技术领域的技术人员充分 传达本发明的范围。 对于表示在附图中的示例性实施方式中的术语并不是 对本发明的限定。 在附图中, 相同的单元 /元件使用相同的附图标记。
除非另有说明, 此处使用的"一"、 "一个"、 "所述 "和"该"也包括复数 形式。 此外, 应当理解的是, 本说明书中使用的术语"包括"、 "包含 "和 / 或"含有", 指定了一些特征、 实体、 步骤、 操作、 单元、 和 /或元件, 但并 不排除一个或多个特征、 实体、 步骤、 操作、 单元、 元件和 /或有它们组成 的组。 应当理解的是, 当单元被称为 "连接 "或"耦合"到另一个单元时, 它 可以是直接和另一单元连接或耦合, 也可以存在中间单元。 此外, 此处所 指的"连接"或"耦合"包括无线连接或耦合。此处使用的术语 "和 /或"包括一 个或以上所列相关项目的任意组合和全部组合。
除非另有说明, 此处使用的术语 (包括科技术语)对所属技术领域的 技术人员具有通常的理解含义。 另外, 可以理解的是, 以通常使用的词典 限定的术语, 应当被理解为与其相关领域的语境具有一致的含义, 而不应 该被理解为理想化的或过于正式的意义。
图 1 示出了现有技术中利用充电桩对电动汽车进行充电的结构示意 图。 如图 1所示, 所述结构包括充电桩 101和电动汽车 111。 充电桩 101 可以包括: 显示单元 102、 控制单元 103以及电源单元 104。 电动汽车 111 可以包括: 终端控制单元 112、 电池管理单元 113以及电池 114。 当电动汽 车 111通过输电线路 122连接到充电桩 101时, 充电桩 101可以通过所述 输电线路 122为电动汽车 111充电。 充电桩 101还可以电磁感应的方式对 电动汽车 111进行充电,此时不需要输电线路 122。 电动汽车 111还可以通 过有线或无线通信线路 121与充电桩 101进行通信连接。 电动汽车 111和 充电桩 101可以通过通信线路来相互传送各种数据,例如电池状态信息等。
在现有技术中, 显示单元 102可以显示充电状态, 例如已充电信息百 分比, 充电剩余时间等。 控制单元 103通过来自电池管理单元 113的数据 来确定显示数据, 并将显示数据提供给显示单元 102。 控制单元 103控制 电源单元 104对电动汽车 111进行充电。 终端控制单元 112, 是电动汽车 111内部的核心控制部件, 实现对电动汽车 111各种功能的控制。 电池 114 能够储存电能并且能够在电动汽车行驶时提供直流电。 电池管理系统 ( Battery Management System, BMS ) 113连接在电池 114与终端控制单 元 112之间, 用于提高电池的利用率, 防止电池出现过充电和过放电, 延 长电池的使用寿命, 监控电池的状态等。 优选地, 电动汽车 111还可以包 括电源单元(图 1中未示出),所述电源单元用于将充电桩 101输入的交流 电转换为直流电, 从而将转换后的直流电存储在电池 114中。
现有技术中。 充电过程与动力电池的特性有关。 如铅酸电池经常包括 预充电、 恒流充电、 恒压充电、 浮充充电, 为了减小极化效应, 中间还可 以混合反向放电脉冲, 当监控到过热等问题时, 还要进行静置。 电动汽车 常用的锂离子电池的充电一般包括恒流充电、 恒压充电, 也会有过热等保 护, 当出现温度过高时暂停充电。 本发明提供的方法和上述充电方法是一 致的, 控制器按照正常充电过程计算充电时间段和 /或电费, 并按照设定模 式进行充电。 至少将所述充电过程放到最低谷进行, 或者分成立即充电和 最低谷充电两个阶段并将最低谷充电阶段放到最低谷进行„
但是在现有技术中, 充电桩 101不能保证电动汽车 111在用电最低谷 进行充电。 为此, 本发明提出能够在最低谷对电动汽车等用电设备进行充 电的设备及方法。
图 2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的对机动车进行最低谷充电的 结构示意图。 如图 2所示, 所述结构包括充电设备 201和机动车 211。 充 电设备 201可以是充电站、 充电桩等其他能够为电力装置充电的设备。 机 动车 211可以是电动汽车、 电动助力车、 电动三轮车等使用电能作为动力 的机车车辆。 本发明以电动汽车作为实例进行说明, 但是本发明并不限于 电动汽车, 而是能够应用于其他电动设备。 并且其中, 电动汽车是全部或 部分由电能驱动电机作为动力系统的汽车, 包括纯电动汽车、 混合动力电 动汽车、 燃料电池电动汽车以及外接充电式混合动力汽车等。
优选地, 当机动车 211通过有线或无线的输电线路 222连接到充电设 备 201时,充电设备 201可以通过有线或无线的输电线路 222为机动车 211 充电。优选地, 有线输电线路例如是电缆, 无线输电线路可以是电磁感应。 优选地, 机动车 211还可以通过有线或无线通信线路 221与充电设备 201 进行通信连接。 优选地, 有线通信线路例如是光纤、 双绞线等。 此外, 机 动车 211和充电设备 201可以通过通信线路 221 目互传送各种数据, 例 如机动车的当前电量、 额定电量和充电功率等, 或者可以是充电时间段和 预计费用。 优选地, 所述充电功率通常包括两方面信息, 一是机动车充电 过程允许的功率曲线或者与功率曲线等价的描述, 通常从机动车的电池管 理系统获得; 二是充电设备允许的最大充电功率。 在进行实际充电和计算 充电时间段和 /或预计费用时, 应该采用二者中较小的功率。
根据本发明的优选实施方式, 充电设备 201可以包括: 显示单元 202、 控制单元 203以及输入单元 204。 优选地, 充电设备 201还可以包括电源 单元 205, 用于将输入的交流电转换为直流电, 从而将转换后的直流电传 输给机动车 211, 从而将转换后的直流电存储在电池 214中。 优选地, 还 可以在机动车 211中设置电源单元(未示出) , 用于将充电设备 201输入 的交流电转换为直流电, 从而将转换后的直流电存储在电池 214中。
优选地, 显示单元 202可以显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用。 优选地, 充电时间段和 /或电费是以下内容中的至少一个: 充电开始时间、 充电结束 时间、 充电开始时电量、 充电结束时电量、 充电开始前能够行驶的距离、 充电结束时能够行驶的距离或充电电费。 优选地, 显示单元 202可以显示 充电模式, 例如立即充电和 /或最低谷充电。 优选地, 显示单元 202可以是 触
优选地, 控制单元 203可以获取充电状态信息。 其中, 所述充电状态 信息可以是当前电量、 额定电量和充电功率。 优选地, 所述当前电量、 额 定电量是 动车 211的电池管理系统获得的。 根据本发明的实施方式, 当电源单元设置在机动车 211中时, 从机动车 211获取充电功率的信息。 优选地, 当电源单元设置在充电设备 201中时, 从充电设备 201获取充电 功率的信息。
优选地,控制单元 203可以获取最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需 求量。 优选地, 控制单元 203可以经由显示单元 202或经由输入单元 204 来获取最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量。 优选地, 最低谷充电量 需求量和 /或立即充电需求量可以是: 最终量或增加量, 即, 最终的充电量 或增加的充电量。 优选地, 最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量由以 下内容中的一种来表示: 行驶距离、 电池额定容量的百分比、 充电度数、 充电时间长度或电费。 优选地, 最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量 可以是用户输入的充电需求量或系统预设的充电需求量。 优选地, 由于充 电过程末期功率小、 时间长, 因此所述系统预设的充电需求量可以小于额 定电量, 例如为额定电量的 98%、 95%、 90%或者其它适当的量, 根据其 计算和显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用。 但是, 进行实际充电时, 当完成所 述系统预设的充电需求量后, 可以继续充电到额定电量。 优选地, 其中根 据行驶距离计算充电需求量, 并根据充电状态信息将充电需求量转换为充 电时间段。 优选地, 根据电费计算充电需求量, 并根据充电状态信息将充 电量转换为充电时间段。
根据本发明的优选实施方式, 如果获取的是最低谷充电需求量, 则控 制单元 203根据最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预 计费用。 优选地, 如果对计算并显示出充电时间段和 /或预计费用不接受, 则可以重复获取最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量, 以及根据最低 谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用。
控制单元 203解析从输入单元 204获取的充电指示信息。 如果所述充 电指示信息选择最低谷充电, 则控制单元 203对机动车进行最低谷充电。 优选地, 在实际充电时, 可能根据充电需求量对计算的充电时间段进行时 间微调, 即将充电时间段在时间上向前或向后移动一段时间 (例如, 几秒 或几分钟) 。 优选地, 可以按照获取的最低谷充电需求量进行充电, 也可 以按照预计的时间段充电。
优选地, 如果所述充电指示信息不选择最低谷充电, 则不进行最低谷 充电。 优选地, 所述充电指示信息还可能指示选择以下内容中的一种或多 种: 立即充电、 定时充电、 谷期充电, 或者非峰期充电。 优选地, 所述定 时充电是指在用户指定的时间段进行充电。 优选地, 谷期充电是指在谷期 时间进行充电。 优选地, 非峰期充电是指在高峰时段以外的时间段进行充 电。
根据本发明的优选实施方式, 如果获取的是立即充电需求量和最低谷 充电需求量, 则控制单元 203并根据立即充电需求量、 最低谷充电需求量 和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用。 优选地, 如果对计算并显 示出充电时间段和 /或预计费用不接受, 则可以重复获取立即充电需求量和 最低谷充电需求量, 以及根据立即充电需求量、 最低谷充电需求量和充电 状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用。
控制单元 203解析从输入单元 204获取的充电指示信息。 如果所述充 电指示信息选择立即充电和最低谷充电, 则控制单元 203对机动车进行立 即充电和最低谷充电。 优选地, 在实际充电时, 可能根据充电需求量对计 算的充电时间段进行时间微调, 即将充电时间段在时间上向前或向后移动 一段时间 (例如, 几秒或几分钟) 。 优选地, 可以按照获取的充电需求量 进行充电, 也可以按照预计的时间段充电。
优选地, 如果所述充电指示信息不选择立即充电和最低谷充电, 则不 进行立即充电和最低谷充电。 优选地, 所述充电指示信息还可能指示选择 以下内容中的一种或多种: 立即充电、 定时充电、 谷期充电, 或者非峰期 充电。优选地, 所述定时充电是指在用户指定的时间段进行充电。优选地, 谷期充电是指在谷期时间进行充电。 优选地, 非峰期充电是指在高峰时段 以外的时间段进行充电。
根据本发明的优选实施方式, 如果控制单元 203获取的充电指示信息 指示选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行最低谷充电; 否则, 不进行最低谷 充电。
优选地, 输入单元 204, 用于获取充电指示信息。 优选地, 所述充电 指示信息可以指示选择进行最低谷充电模式。 优选地, 所述充电指示信息 还可能指示选择以下内容中的一种或多种: 立即充电、 定时充电、 谷期充 电, 或者非峰期充电。 优选地, 所述定时充电是指在用户指定的时间段进 行充电。 优选地, 谷期充电是指在谷期时间进行充电。 优选地, 非峰期充 电是指在高峰时段以外的时间段进行充电。 优选地, 进行最低谷充电时, 在所述最低谷开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电需求量, 当一 个最低谷时间不能完成时, 在其它时间段或者下一个最低谷时间段内继续 充电至完成所述最低谷充电需求量; 或者, 将所述最低谷充电时间段在所 述最低负荷设定时刻两侧平均分布, 按照得到的开始时间启动充电, 直至 完成所述最低谷充电需求量, 此时如果计算得到的所需时间超过最低谷时 间段, 则不显示最低谷充电信息并不进行最低谷充电。 优选地, 其它时间 段可以包括谷期时间段、 非峰期时间段等。
优选地, 电源单元 205可以为机动车提供立即充电、 最低谷充电或立 即充电和最低谷充电所需的电力。 优选地, 如果充电设备 201获得的电力 是交流电, 可以通过充电设备 201中的电源单元 205将交流电转换为直流 电, 然后将直流电传输给机动车 211, 然后利用直流电给电池充电。 优选 地, 如果充电设备 201获得的电力是交流电, 可以将交流电直接传输给机 动车 211, 由机动车 211中的电源单元(未示出)将交流电转换为直流电, 然后利用直流电给电池充电。 优选地, 如果充电设备 201获得的电力是直 流电, 则可以将直流电直接传输给机动车 211, 然后利用直流电给电池充 电。 优选地, 优选地, 如果充电设备 201获得的电力是直流电, 则可以通 it^L动车 211或充电设备 201中的电源单元进行整流, 然后利用整流后的 直 ¾^电给电池充电。
优选地, 充电设备 201还可以包括存储单元(图 2中未示出) , 存储 单元存储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷 开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息; 或者通过机动车中的存储单元存 储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时 间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息。
根据本发明的优先实施方式, 机动车 211 包括: 终端控制单元 212、 电池管理系统 213和电池 214。优选地, 终端控制单元 212, 是电动汽车内 部的核心控制部件, 实现对电动汽车各种功能的控制。 电池 214能够储存 电能并且能够在电动汽车行驶时提供直流电。 电池管理系统 213连接在电 池 214与终端控制单元 212之间, 用于提高电池的利用率, 防止电池出现 过充电和过放电, 延长电池的使用寿命, 监控电池的状态等。
图 3示出了根据本发明的另一实施方式对机动车进行最低谷充电的结 构示意图。 如图 3所示, 所述结构包括充电设备 301和机动车 311。 图 3 所示的结构与图 2所示的结构的不同在于, 图 3的充电设备 301中还包括 通信单元。 优选地, 所述通信单元 307能够有线或无线连接到机动车 311, 并且通信单元 307能够将充电状态信息有线或无线地传送到机动车 311。 优选地, 所述通信单元 307能够与用户通信设备进行通信, 所述用户通信 设备可以是手机、 个人数字处理、 膝上型计算机、 个人计算机等。 通信单 元 307能够将充电状态信息无线地传送到用户的通信设备, 并且能够从用 户的通信设备无线地接收用户命令。
图 4示出了才艮据本发明一个实施方式的用于最低谷充电的流程图。 如 图 4所示, 所述方法从步骤 400处开始, 将充电设备连接到机动车并进行 必要的初始化。 在步骤 401 , 获取充电状态信息, 所述充电状态信息括当 前电量、 额定电量和充电功率。 电池管理系统连接在电池与终端控制单元 之间, 用于提高电池的利用率, 防止电池出现过充电和过放电, 延长电池 的使用寿命, 监控电池的状态等。
在步骤 402, 获取最低谷充电需求量, 并根据最低谷充电需求量和充 电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用。
在步骤 403, 显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用;
在步骤 404, 获取充电指示信息;
在步骤 405, 如果所述充电指示信息选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车进 行最低谷充电; 否则不进行最低谷充电。
优选地, 如果对计算并显示出充电时间段和 /或预计费用不接受, 则可 以重复获取最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立即充电需求量, 以及根据最低谷充 电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用。
优选地, 如果所述充电指示信息不选择最低谷充电, 则不进行最低谷 充电之后, 还可以根据充电指示信息选择以下内容中的一种或多种: 立即 充电、 定时充电、 谷期充电, 或者非峰期充电。
图 5示出了才艮据本发明一个实施方式的用于立即充电和最低谷充电的 流程图。 如图 5所示, 所述方法从步骤 500处开始, 将充电设备连接到机 动车并进行必要的初始化。 在步骤 501, 获取充电状态信息, 所述充电状 态信息包括当前电量、 额定电量和充电功率;
在步骤 502, 获取立即充电需求量和最低谷充电需求量, 并根据立即 充电需求量、最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计 费用;
在步骤 503, 显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用;
在步骤 504, 获取充电指示信息;
在步骤 505, 如果所述充电指示信息指示选择立即充电和最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行立即充电和最低谷充电; 否则不进行立即充电和最低谷充 电。
优选地, 如果对计算并显示出充电时间段和 /或预计费用不接受, 则可 以重复获取立即充电需求量和最低谷充电需求量, 以及根据立即充电需求 量、 最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用。
优选地, 如果所述充电指示信息不选择最低谷充电, 则不进行最低谷 充电之后, 还可以根据充电指示信息选择以下内容中的一种或多种: 立即 充电、 定时充电、 谷期充电, 或者非峰期充电。
图 6示出了才艮据本发明一个实施方式的用于最低谷充电的流程图。 如 图 6所示, 所述方法从步骤 600处开始, 将充电设备连接到机动车并进行 必要的初始化。
步骤 601, 显示充电提示信息;
步骤 602, 获取充电指示信息;
步骤 603, 如果所述充电指示信息指示选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车 进行最低谷充电; 否则, 不进行最低谷充电。
已经通过参考少量实施例主要地描述了本发明。 然而, 本领域技术人 员所公知的, 正如附带的专利权利要求所限定的, 除了本发明以上公开的 其他的实施例等同地落在本发明的范围内。
通常地, 在权利要求中使用的所有术语都根据他们在技术领域的通常 含义被解释, 除非在其中被另外明确地定义。 所有的参考"一个 /所述 /该 [装 置、 组件等]"都被开放地解释为所述装置、 组件等中的至少一个实例, 除 非另外明确地说明。 这里公开的任何方法的步骤都没必要以公开的准确的 顺序运行, 除非明确地说明。
在前面的详细说明中, 参考了构成本发明一部分的附图, 并且在附图 中通过示范的方式示出了可以实现本发明的具体实施例。 已经足够详细地 描述了这些实施例和实施例的某些变型, 使所属技术领域的技术人员能够 实现本发明的实施例。 可以了解的是, 在不脱离本发明公开的精神或范围 的基础上, 能够使用其它合适的实施例并且可以作出逻辑的、 机械的、 化 学的和电气的改变。 为避免不必要的细节, 说明书省略了某些所属技术领 域的技术人员所公知的信息。 因此, 前面的详细说明并不想要被限制为本 文阐明的具体形式, 反而, 它想要覆盖可以被合理地包括在附加权利要求 的精神和范围内的这些可选方案、 修改、 以及等价物。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种用于最低谷充电的方法, 所述方法包括:
A.获取充电状态信息, 所述充电状态信息包括当前电量、 额定电量和 充电功率;
B .获取最低谷充电需求量, 并根据最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息 计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用;
C .显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用;
D.获取充电指示信息;
E.如果所述充电指示信息选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行最低谷充 电; 否则不进行最低谷充电。
2. 一种用于最低谷充电的方法, 所述方法包括:
A.获取充电状态信息, 所述充电状态信息包括当前电量、 额定电量和 充电功率;
B.获取立即充电需求量和最低谷充电需求量,并才艮据立即充电需求量、 最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费用;
C .显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用;
D.获取充电指示信息;
E.如果所述充电指示信息指示选择立即充电和最低谷充电, 则对机动 车进行立即充电和最低谷充电; 否则不进行立即充电和最低谷充电。
3.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中在步骤 C中还包括, 如果对 显示的最低谷充电时间段和 /或预计费用不接受, 则返回步骤 B。
4.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中最低谷充电量需求量和 /或立 即充电需求量是: 最终量或增加量; 并且充电需求量由以下内容中的一种 来表示: 行驶距离、 电池额定容量的百分比、 充电度数、 充电时间长度或 电费金额。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中根据电费计算充电需求量, 并根 据充电状态信息将充电量转换为充电时间段。
6.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 还包括显示以下内容中的至少一 个: 充电开始时间、 充电结束时间、 充电开始时电量、 充电结束时电量、 充电开始前能够行驶的距离、 充电结束时能够行驶的距离或充电电费。
7.—种用于最低谷充电的方法, 所述方法包括:
A.显示充电提示信息;
B.获取充电指示信息;
C.如果所述充电指示信息指示选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车进行最低 谷充电; 否则, 不进行最低谷充电。
8.根据权利要求 1、 2或 7中一项所述的方法, 还包括通过充电设备中 的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息; 或者通过机动车中的存储 单元存储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结束时间、 最低谷 开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息。
9.根据权利要求 1、 2或 7中一项所述的方法, 在否则不进行最低谷充 电之后或不进行立即充电和最低谷充电之后, 还能够根据所述充电指示信 息选择以下充电模式中的一种: 立即充电、 定时充电、 谷期充电、 非峰期 充电、 立即充电和谷期充电、 或者立即充电和非峰期充电。
10.根据权利要求 1、 2或 7中一项所述的方法, 其中进行最低谷充电 时,在所述最低谷开始时间启动充电,直至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量, 当一个最低谷时间内不能完成充电时, 在其它时间段或者下一个最低谷时 间段内继续充电至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量; 或者, 将所述最低谷充 电时间段在所述最低负荷设定时刻两侧平均分布, 按照得到的开始时间启 动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量。
11.一种用于最低谷充电的充电设备, 所述充电设备包括: 控制单元、 显示单元以及输入单元, 其特征在于,
控制单元, 获取充电状态信息, 所述状态信息包括当前电量、 额定电 量和充电功率; 获取最低谷充电需求量, 并根据最低谷充电需求量和充电 状态信息计算最低谷充电时间段和 /或预计费用; 对机动车进行最低谷充 电;
显示单元, 显示最低谷充电时间段和 /或预计费用; 以及
输入单元, 获取充电指示信息。
12.—种用于最低谷充电的充电设备, 所述充电设备包括: 控制单元、 显示单元以及输入单元, 其特征在于,
控制单元, 获取充电状态信息, 所述状态信息包括当前电量、 额定电 量和充电功率; 获取立即充电需求量和最低谷充电需求量, 并根据立即充 电需求量、最低谷充电需求量和充电状态信息计算充电时间段和 /或预计费 用; 对机动车进行立即充电和最低谷充电;
显示单元, 显示充电时间段和 /或预计费用; 以及
输入单元, 获取充电指示信息。
13.根据权利要求 11或 12所述的充电设备, 其中最低谷充电量需求量 和 /或立即充电需求量是: 最终量或增加量; 并且充电需求量由以下内容中 的一种来表示: 行驶距离、 电池额定容量的百分比、 充电度数、 充电时间 长度或电费金额。
14.根据权利要求 13所述的充电设备, 其中充电需求量是用户输入的 充电需求量或系统预设的充电需求量。
15.—种用于最低谷充电的充电设备, 所述充电设备包括: 控制单元、 显示单元和输入单元, 其特征在于,
显示单元, 显示充电提示信息;
输入单元, 获取充电指示信息;
控制单元, 如果所述充电指示信息指示选择最低谷充电, 则对机动车 进行最低谷充电。
16.才艮据权利要求 11、 12或 15中一项所述的充电设备, 还包括显示以 下内容中的至少一个: 充电开始时间、 充电结束时间、 充电开始时电量、 充电结束时电量、 充电开始前能够行驶的距离、 充电结束时能够行驶的距 离或充电电费。
17.根据权利要求 11、 12或 15中一项所述的充电设备, 还包括通过充 电设备中的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一个: 谷期开始时间、 谷期结 束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息; 或者通过机动车 中的存储单元存储以下内容中的至少一个:谷期开始时间、谷期结束时间、 最低谷开始时间、 最低谷结束时间、 电价信息。
18.根据权利要求 11、 12或 15中一项所述的充电设备, 其中进行最 低谷充电时, 在所述最低谷开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电 的需求量, 当一个最低谷时间内不能完成充电时, 在其它时间段或者下一 个最低谷时间段内继续充电至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量; 或者, 将所 述最低谷充电时间段在所述最低负荷设定时刻两侧平均分布, 按照得到的 开始时间启动充电, 直至完成所述最低谷充电的需求量。
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