WO2013120159A1 - Cepa de mycobacterium recombinante, composição imunogênica e uso - Google Patents
Cepa de mycobacterium recombinante, composição imunogênica e uso Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
- C07K14/24—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae (F), e.g. Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia
- C07K14/245—Escherichia (G)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/04—Mycobacterium, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
- A61P31/06—Antibacterial agents for tuberculosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
- A61K2039/52—Bacterial cells; Fungal cells; Protozoal cells
- A61K2039/522—Bacterial cells; Fungal cells; Protozoal cells avirulent or attenuated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
- A61K2039/52—Bacterial cells; Fungal cells; Protozoal cells
- A61K2039/523—Bacterial cells; Fungal cells; Protozoal cells expressing foreign proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/545—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55516—Proteins; Peptides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to recombinant Mycobacterium strains encoding the mutated Escherichia coli thermo-labile toxin LT or subunit A of the mutated Escherichia coli thermo-labile toxin LT.
- the present invention also relates to Mycobacterium strains encoding the LT therapeutically labile toxin or subunit A of the Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin LT.
- the present invention relates to Mycobacterium strains encoding the LT thermo-labile toxin or Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin A subunit mutated at serine to lysine position.
- the present invention also provides immunogenic compositions comprising the strains of the present invention.
- the present invention further provides for the use of said strains and immunological compositions in the manufacture of vaccine for prevention of tuberculosis and infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- the present invention relates to methods of preventing or treating tuberculosis in animals.
- Mycobacteria make up the genus Mycobacterium of the family Mycobacteriacae of the order Actinomycetales of the Actinomycetes class.
- the mycobacteria that make up this genus have a slightly curved rod shape, from 1 to 10 ⁇ in length and 0.2 to 0.6 ⁇ in diameter. These bacteria cannot be classified as Gram positive or Gram negative.
- the most striking feature of this bacillus is the complex nature of its cell envelope, containing a relatively small percentage.
- REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) high lipid levels, which include the long chains of mycolic acid. This envelope gives it a strong hydrophobicity, making it resistant to lysis and relatively impervious to antibiotics and other chemical agents.
- the bacilli are said to be acid-alcohol resistant, that is, they are resistant to weak acid discoloration after staining with Fuchsin or similar dyes.
- Genomic DNA contains a high guanosine / cytosine content, between 58-79%, which impairs the use of Escherichia coli bacteria as a genetic host. These aspects are considered basic characteristics for identification of the bacillus as a member of the Mycobacterium genus [ORME, I.
- Mycobacteria have been classified into two main groups: slow-growing bacteria, which have a generation time of around 13 hours and can take from 3 weeks to 3 months of culture to provide visible colonies; and fast growing bacteria, which have a generation time of around 2-5 hours.
- Slow-growing mycobacteria include many of the major animal and human pathogens such as M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. paratuberculosis, M. avium, M. leprae, etc.
- fast-growing mycobacteria include non-pathogenic species such as M. smegmatis, M. aurum, M. vaccae, etc.
- Four of the five pathogenic species of mycobacteria are grouped in the M.
- tuberculosis complex - a group of four species that can cause tuberculosis disease (. Tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. microft and M. africanum); the fifth is M. leprae, the causative agent of Hansen's disease (informally known as leprosy) [SHINNICK, T. M & GOOD, RC (1994) Mycobacterial taxonomy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 11: 884-901; ORME, I. (1995) Medical Intelligent Unit: Immunity to Mycobacteria. Austin: RG Lands Company, p. 5; CONNELL, ND (2001) Expression systems for use in Actinomycetes and related organisms. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 12: 446-449].
- M. tuberculosis is transmitted mainly through the airway, and although it can cause disease in many organs, pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common. It is estimated that one third of the world's population is infected with the bacillus and that 200 million will have symptoms of tuberculosis, of which 35 million could die by 2020 if control and prevention measures are not taken (WHO Annual Publication, 2000).
- BCG Calmette-Guérin Bacillus
- tuberculosis itself [Sweeney, KA, Dao, DN, Goldberg, MF, Hsu, T., Venkataswamy, MM, Henao-Tamayo, M., Ordway, D., Sellers, RS, Jain, P Chen, B., Chen, M., Kim, J., Lukose, R., Chan, J., Orme, IM, Porcelli, SA and Jacobs, WR Jr. (2011) A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal. immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Med. 4: 1261-1268; Kaufmann, SH (2010) Future vaccination strategies against tuberculosis: thinking outside the box. Immunity 33: 567-577;
- smegmatis [Sweeney, KA, Dao, DN, Goldberg, MF, Hsu, T., Venkataswamy, MM, Henao-Tamayo, M. , Ordway, D., Sellers, RS, Jain, P., Chen, B., Chen, M., Kim, J., Lukose, R., Chan, J., Orme, IM, Porcelli, SA and Jacobs, WR Jr. (2011) A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Med. 4: 1261-1268; Kaufmann, SH (2010) Future vaccination strategies against tuberculosis: thinking outside the box. Immunity 33: 567-577].
- BCG is the most widely used vaccine in the world because it has a long lasting immune response and a very low frequency of serious adverse effects. This and other features make BCG an excellent vehicle candidate for presentation of heterologous antigens through BCG-based recombinant vaccines (US Patent 6,673,353).
- Adjuvant properties have been attributed to several bacterial toxins.
- tetanus TT
- diphtheria DT
- choleric CT
- LT heat-labile toxin
- E. coli LT toxin is among the most potent adjuvants ever described [Lycke, N. et al. (1992) The adjuvant effect of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxins is linked to their ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Eur J Immunol. 22: 2277-2281; Pizza, M. et al. (2001) Mucosal vaccines: non-toxic derivatives of LT and CT as mucosal adjuvants. Vaccine, 19: 2534-2541].
- the E. coli LT toxin is formed by a single A-subunit molecule (LTA, 27kDa), with ADP ribosyltransferase activity, linked to a B-subunit pentamer (LTB, 11.6 kDa each) that binds to the ganglioside receptor GM1. of mammalian cells.
- LT subunit B is a potent signaling molecule capable of modulating the immune response.
- the immunostimulatory effect of LTB seems to be related to its ability to increase antigen presentation via the major class I (MHC-I) and class II (HC-II) histocompatibility complex, among other factors.
- LTB has been directly related to GM1 binding activity, through the activation of B cells and CD4 + T cells through the interaction of B subunit pentamers and GM1 receptors of these cells.
- LTB increases antigen presentation by activating dendritic cells (DCs) and other antigen presenting cells (APCs). Binding of LTB to GM1 ganglioside allows the toxic A subunit to enter the cell [Spangler, BD (1992) Structure and function of cholera toxin and the related Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. Microbiol Rev. 56: 622-647].
- LT as an adjuvant
- Subunit B due to its lack of toxicity, has been more often used as an adjuvant [from Haan, L., Verweij, WR, Feil, IK, Holtrop, M., Hol, WG, Agsteribbe, E. and Wilschut, J. (1998) Role of GM1 binding in the mucosal immunogenicity and adjuvant activity of the heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin and its B subunit. Immunology, 94: 424-430].
- LT can also influence dendritic cell maturation, antigen presentation and T cell activation and promote induction of response by antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells in an animal model.
- the use of LT as adjuvant commonly leads to a cytokine balance, involving the production of a response by cytokines with both Th1 and Th2 characteristics and some antibody classes in mice and humans.
- This toxin is capable of activating an immune response against another antigen when presented simultaneously on the mucosal surface or by oral, intranasal or parenteral administration [Holmgren, J., Lycke, N. and Czerkinsky, C. (1993). cholera B subunit as oral-mucosal adjuvant and antigen vector systems. Vaccine, 11: 1179-1184].
- LT has been used extensively as an adjuvant in animal models.
- immunomodulatory action of LT it is highly toxic and inappropriate for clinical use in humans.
- different strategies have been employed, including isolation of the non-toxic B subunit and the construction of non-toxic LT mutants containing site mutations. -specific addresses.
- Through computational modeling studies of the LT protein structure it was possible to identify some amino acids potentially involved in the enzymatic activity of this protein that could be studied by exchanging them for site-directed mutation [Magagnoli, C. et al., (1996 ) Infect Immun. 64: 5434-5438].
- mutants such as LTR192G (arginine to glycine substitution at position 192) have a mutation in a loop region that is protease sensitive, making this region insensitive to protease action, a key step in activating enzymatic activity and therefore of its toxicity.
- mutants have a mutation in the enzymatically active region of the A subunit, such as LTR72 (substitution of alanine for arginine at position 72), which retains only 1% of ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.
- LTK63 replacement of serine for lysine at position 63. This mutation eliminates toxicity-associated ADP-ribosyltransferase activity; eliminating it, however, retains all other biological properties, including adjuvant properties of native LT [Pizza, M., et al., (2001) Mucosal vaccines: non toxic derivatives of LT and CT as mucosal adjuvants. Vaccine, 19: 2534-2541].
- LTK63 has been shown to act as a potent adjuvant when administered mucosally or parenterally.
- De Haan and colleagues [De Haan, L., Holtrop, M. , Verweij, R., Agsteribbe, E. and Wilschut, J. (1999) Mucosal immunogenicity and adjuvant activity of the recombinant A subunit of the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. Immunology, 97: 706-7013] suggest that adjuvants using non-toxic LTA in combination with the LTB pentamer may be more potent than adjuvants using the B subunit alone, as the complex could stimulate the immune system more strongly than each molecule individually. .
- Data pointing to an important subunit function Enzymatically inactive in inducing an immune response, as well as in immunomodulatory activities such as effects on antigen processing and presentation, support this view.
- LTB and LTK63 have typically been expressed in E. coli. However, other expression systems have been used.
- the LTB molecule has been expressed in Mycocabterium bovis BCG, Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, as well as plants including Oryza sativa (rice), Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Peperomia pellucid.
- LTK63 has also been expressed in tobacco and chloroplasts, as well as attenuated serovar enteric Salmonella Typhimurium [da Hora, V.P. et al. (2011) Non-toxic derivatives of LT as potent adjuvants. Vaccine, 29: 1538-1544].
- BCG Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin
- strains of Mycobacterium in particular Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), which encode the heat-labile LT toxin or A-subunit of the Escherichia coli thermo-labile LT toxin 63
- strains of Mycobacterium in particular Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), which encode the heat-labile LT toxin or subunit A of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin LT serine position 63 for lysine, respectively rBCG-LTK63 and rBCG-LTAK63.
- BCG Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin
- Another object of the invention is to provide the use of said strains and immunological compositions in the manufacture of vaccines for prevention of tuberculosis and / or infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or other mycobacteria.
- the present invention aims to provide improved tuberculosis BCG vaccines (ie that induce better protection than the conventional BCG strain) comprising the recombinant Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) strains of the present invention.
- BCG Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin
- the present invention further objects methods for preventing or treating tuberculosis in animals, more particularly humans.
- BCG refers to attenuated Mycobacterium bovis, Calmette-Guérin Bacillus
- LTK63 refers to Escherichia coli thermo-labile toxin containing subunit A modified by site-directed mutagenesis
- LTAK63 refers to the subunit A of the term Escherichia coli labile toxin, modified by site-directed mutagenesis
- rBCG-LTK63 or rBCG-LTAK63 refers to recombinant BCG expressing LTK63 or LTAK63.
- Figure 1 shows an agarose gel containing PCR products that confirm the presence of the LTK63 gene in recombinant BCG (rBCG-LTK63).
- PCR products were amplified from plasmid DNA extracted from the rBCG-LTK63 construct using specific primer oligonucleotides to amplify the LTA subunit or LTB unit. 1Kb plus, molecular weight; lane 1, complete LTA fragment (-700 bp); well 2, complete LTB fragment (-316 bp).
- Figure 2 shows the characterization of LTAK63 (-31.0 kDa) expression in recombinant BCG.
- Soluble protein extract (-10 g) from pLNIP-LTAK63-transformed rBCG (A), or empty BCG as negative control (B) was used in this immunoassay.
- Figures 3 and 4 show comparative analysis of the induced IgG1 and IgG2a antibody response against proteins recovered from the BCG - PDS culture supernatant.
- Four-week-old female BALB / c mice (18-22g) from the Veterinary Medicine Faculty of the USP were immunized with BCG or rBCG-LT ( Figure 3) or BCG or rBCG-LTAK63 ( Figure 4). and isotypes determined in isolated sera one day before challenge against MTB or 90 days after immunization. Sera from 5 animals per group were individually analyzed by ELISA using mouse anti-IgG1 and IgG2a specific antibodies.
- Figures 5 and 6 show IFN- ⁇ production by splenocytes cultured in the presence of PDS.
- Female BALB / c mice were immunized with 1 x 10 6 CFU of BCG or rBGC-LT ( Figure 5) or BCG or rBCG-LTAK63 ( Figure 6) and after four weeks or eight weeks, respectively, the spleens were recovered and preparations of Single cells were cultured in vitro (2 x 10 6 cells / well) in the presence of 2.0 ⁇ g / mL PDS. Culture supernatants were recovered after 48 h and IFN- ⁇ levels determined by ELISA.
- Figures 7 and 8 show TNF- ⁇ production by splenocytes cultured in the presence of PDS.
- Figures 9 and 10 show the profile of CD4 * T cells producing cytokines INF- ⁇ and TNF-a, respectively.
- Eight weeks after immunization the spleens were recovered and single cell preparations were cultured in vitro (2 x 10 6 cells / well) in the presence of 2.0 pg / ml PDS.
- the profile of CD4 + T-cells producing the various cytokines were analyzed by Flow Cytometry (FACs) using specific anti-CD4, anti-INF- ⁇ and anti-TNF-a antibodies labeled with the appropriate fluorochrome.
- FACs Flow Cytometry
- Figure 11 shows the outcome of protection trials against an intratracheal challenge with the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
- Female BALB / c mice (n 10 per group) A and B were immunized sc only with M. bovis BCG or rBCG-LT. An unimmunized group was used as a negative control.
- a and B represent two assays performed at different times under the same conditions.
- the present invention relates to recombinant Mycobacterium strains encoding the mutated Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin LT.
- the present invention also relates to recombinant Mycobacterium strains encoding the subunit A of the mutated Escherichia coli heat-labile LT toxin.
- the present invention relates to strains of
- Mycobacterium encoding the LT thermo-labile toxin or Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin A subunit.
- the present invention relates to Mycobacterium strains encoding the LT thermo-labile toxin or Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin A subunit mutated at serine to lysine position, respectively rBCG-LTK63 and rBCG-LTAK63 .
- Said mutations allow the Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin or the Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin A subunit to retain the adjuvant properties of native LT, but lose the toxicity-associated ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, avoiding thus toxicity problems in the case in humans or other animals.
- Mycobacterium strains encoding the LT thermo-labile toxin or Escherichia coli LT thermo-labile toxin A subunit that show other mutations in their sequences which have an equivalent effect, ie maintenance of native LT adjuvant properties and toxicity reduction or suppression, are also contemplated in the present invention.
- Such mutations may include, but are not limited to, positions 72 and 192.
- strains of the present invention are obtained from any strain of the genus Mycobacterium as a carrier for the presentation of one or more antigens of distinct organisms, obtained and cloned into mycobacterial expression vector and inserted by genetic manipulation.
- the recombinant Mycobacterium strains of the present invention comprise strains of the MTB complex, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium microft. and Mycobacterium africanum or fast growing mycobacteria, Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. aurum, M. vaccae, etc.
- the recombinant Mycobacterium strains of the present invention comprise Mycobacterium bovis strains Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG).
- the present invention relates to immunogenic compositions comprising one or more strains of the present invention and one or more of a physiologically acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent or solvent.
- compositions of the present invention comprise strains of Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), which encode LT-mutated thermo-labile toxin from serine to lysine, i.e., rBCG-LTK63.
- BCG Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin
- compositions of the present invention preferably comprise strains of Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), which encode the subunit A of the serine-lysine LT-mutated thermo labile toxin, ie, rBCG-LTAK63.
- BCG Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin
- the compositions of the present invention may further comprise a mixture of Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) strains encoding the serine-lysine mutated thermo-labile toxin LT, ie, rBCG-LTK63 and toxin A subunit thermo-labile LT mutated at position 63 from serine to lysine, ie, rBCG-LTAK63.
- the immunogenic compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more antigens, preferably inactivated toxins.
- antigens may be for use in the prevention and / or treatment of tuberculosis or other diseases caused by distinct pathogens.
- the inactivated components of the synergistic immunogenic compositions of the present invention may be obtained by any method known in the art, such as chemical procedures, such as treatment with formaldehyde or hydrogen peroxide, or even DNA recombination techniques.
- Adjuvants are attenuated or dead attenuated molecules, components, macromolecules or microorganisms that enhance the response to immunizations, reduce the amount of antigen needed, and direct the type of immune response to be developed, and sustain it by longer period of time as an immunogen; is any material or substance that alters the type, speed, intensity or duration of the immune response.
- compositions of the present invention may further comprise excipients such as bactericides, bacteriostats, antioxidants, preservatives, buffers, stabilizers, pH adjusters, osmolality adjusters, antifoam agents and surfactants; and residues of antigen inactivation or fractionation agents, growth media and solvents commonly used in vaccine production; Examples of these types of components can be found on Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases The Pink Book, 11th edition, "Vaccine Excipient & Media Summary” section (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Atkinson, Wolfe S, Hamborsky J, McLntyre L, ed. 11th Washington DC: Public Health Foundation, 2009) incorporated herein by reference.
- excipients such as bactericides, bacteriostats, antioxidants, preservatives, buffers, stabilizers, pH adjusters, osmolality adjusters, antifoam agents
- the term "pharmaceutically acceptable” means a non-toxic, inert solid, semi-solid liquid excipient, diluent, auxiliary formulation of any kind, or simply a sterile aqueous medium, such as saline.
- Examples of materials that may serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are sugars such as lactose, glucose and sucrose, starches such as cornstarch and potato starch, cellulose and derivatives thereof such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate, cyclodextrin; oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; glycols such as propylene glycol, polyols such as glycerin glycol, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene; esters such as ethyl laurate, ethyl oleate, agar buffering agents such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; alginic acid, - pyrogen free water; isotonic saline, Ringer's solution; ethyl alcohol and phosphate buffer solutions as well as other compatible non-toxic substances used in pharmaceutical formulations.
- sugars such as lactose, glucose and sucrose
- a variety of routes of administration of the compositions Immunotherapeutic agents and vaccines described in the present invention are available. The particular mode selected will depend upon the particular active ingredient selected, the dosage required for therapeutic efficacy and the patient to whom the composition will be administered.
- the methods of the present invention can generally be practiced using any biologically acceptable mode of administration, ie any modality that produces effective levels of immune response without causing clinically undesirable adverse effects.
- modes of administration include intradermal, oral, rectal, sublingual, topical, nasal, transdermal or parenteral routes.
- parenteral includes subcutaneous, intravenous, epidural, irrigation, intramuscular, release, or infusion pumps. Particularly in this invention intradermal, oral, parenteral and nasal routes are preferred for administration of the compositions claimed herein.
- the active ingredients may also be dissolved in a pharmaceutical carrier and administered as a solution, emulsion, including micro and nanoemulsions, or suspension.
- suitable carriers are water, saline, dextrose solutions, fructose solutions or oils of animal, vegetable or synthetic origin.
- the active ingredients may be dissolved in a pharmaceutical carrier and administered as a solution, emulsion, including micro and nanoemulsions, or suspension.
- suitable carriers are water and saline or solid suspensions such as spray, lactose, fructose or chitosan flakes.
- Other carriers may also contain other ingredients, for example preservatives, suspending agents, solubilizing agents, buffers and the like.
- the immunogenic compositions of the present invention are for intradermal, oral and parenteral administration.
- the strains and immunogenic compositions of the present invention have an unexpected synergistic effect on the immune response against Mycobacterium.
- Recombinant LTK63 or LTAK63 antigens have the unexpected technical effect of inducing an adjuvant effect against Mycobacterium's own proteins.
- the strains and immunogenic compositions of the present invention have the unexpected technical effect of eliciting a stronger anti-TB immune response when compared to vaccines comprising traditional BCG. That is, the addition of an immunogenic domain, such as the non-toxic E. coli heat-labile toxin subunit LTAK63, which is known to have no connection with any type of mycobacteria, in a recombinant mycobacterium, in particular BCG, causes an increased protective response against tuberculosis.
- an immunogenic domain such as the non-toxic E. coli heat-labile toxin subunit LTAK63, which is known to have no connection with any type of mycobacteria, in a recombinant mycobacterium, in particular BCG, causes an increased protective response against tuberculosis.
- strains and immunogenic compositions of the present invention promote a decrease in lung bacillary burden in animal models of tuberculosis.
- strains and immunogenic compositions of the present invention lead to a significant increase in IFN- ⁇ expression over the control group, a cytokine considered essential in the response against tuberculosis; This signals a polarized Thl type response.
- the strains and immunogenic compositions of the present invention also lead to a significant increase in TNF- ⁇ . Since TNF- ⁇ is a signaling agent for proinflammatory action, characterizing the acute phase of the inflammatory process triggered by the bacilli, then the vaccines of the present invention promote direct activation of the immune system.
- strains and immunogenic compositions of the present invention by combining mycobacteria, in particular BCG, and toxins from other pathogens, preferably from Escherichia coli, generating a recombinant mycobacterial strain, constitute a new, more potent and effective vaccine than the conventional BCG for tuberculosis prophylaxis or immunization.
- the immunogenic compositions for the prevention of mycobacterial infections, in particular Mycobacterium tuberculosis in animals, more particularly humans.
- Another aspect of the present invention is the use of one or more recombinant Mycobacterium strains or one or more immunogenic compositions of the present invention in the manufacture of a vaccine.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is methods of preventing or treating tuberculosis in animals, more particularly human.
- Example 1 describes obtaining the vaccines of the present invention.
- Example 2 to 3 the properties and use of the vaccine of the present invention are illustrated. These Examples are given by way of illustration only and should in no way be construed as limiting the scope and scope of the present invention.
- This example describes obtaining the rBCG-LTK63 and rBGC-LTAK63 vaccines.
- a) Preparation of competent BCG stock lot For preparation of competent BCG stocks, one or more BCG colonies were grown in Middlebrook 7H9 plus Tween-80 liquid medium and supplemented with 10% albumin dextrose catalase (MB7H9 / Tw / ADC) to the exponential phase.
- the culture was then pelleted by centrifugation at 4000 rpm and washed twice with 10% glycerol at 4 ° C, finally resuspended in 5% of the original volume with 10% glycerol and stored at -70 ° C until transformed by electroporation with plasmid pNL12-LTK63 or plasmid pNL12-LTAK63.
- LTK63 gene expression vector in recombinant BCG referred to herein as pNL12-LTK63;
- the mycobacterial expression vector used for LTK63 expression in recombinant BCG is called pMIP12 and has been described by Le Dantec [Le Dantec et al. 2001 J Bacteriol. 183: 2157-2164].
- the LTK63 gene was kindly provided by Dr. Rino Rappuoli (Novartis).
- the recombinant BCG expression vector of the LTK63 gene was constructed using standard molecular biology methods.
- LTK63 The gene was amplified by PCR using the following primers: N-terminal (5 '- 3 TAGGGTACCCAAAAATATAACTTCATTTTTTTTATTTT- ") containing the Kpn I restriction site (underlined) and C- terminal (5' - TAGCTGCAGCTAGTTTTTCATACTGATTGCCC-3 '), containing the Pst I restriction site (underlined)
- the PCR product corresponding to the LTK63 gene was generated using the following PCR conditions: 94 ° C for 4 minutes, 25 cycles of 94 ° C for 1 min, 50 ° C for 1 min and 72 ° C for 30 s and final 4 ° C.
- This PCR product was then digested with restriction enzymes Kpn I and Pst I and then cloned into the pMIP12 expression vector, which was also previously digested with the same enzymes. Kpn I and Pst I, thus generating the expression vector called pMIP12 / LTK63.
- pLN12-LTAK63 Construction of the LTAK63 gene expression vector in recombinant BCG termed herein pLN12-LTAK63:
- the recombinant BCG expression vector of the LTAK63 gene was constructed using conventional molecular biology methods.
- the LTAK63 gene was PCR amplified from LTK63 gene using the following primer oligonucleotides: N-terminal (5'-)
- PCR product corresponding to the LTAK63 gene was generated using the following PCR conditions: 94 ° C for 4 minutes; 25 cycles of 94 ° C for 1 min, 50 ° C for 1 min and 72 ° C for 30 s; and 4 ° C final.
- This PCR product was then digested with the restriction enzymes BamH I and Kpn I and then cloned into the expression vector pMIP12, which was also previously digested with the same enzymes BamH I and Kpn I, thus generating the expression vector called pLNIP. -LTAK63.
- rBCG-LTK63 For preparation of rBCG-LTK63, a 50-200 ⁇ stock aliquot of competent BCG was mixed with 0.1-1 ⁇ pNL12-LTK63 in cuvettes. 2 mm electroporation and is subjected to 2.5 kV, 25 pF and 1000 ⁇ pulses in a pulsation electroporator (GenePulser, BioRad, Hemel Hempstead, UK).
- the contents of the cuvettes were recovered in 2 mL of antibiotic-free medium (MB7H9 / Tw / ADC) and incubated at 37 ° C for 20 h before being seeded in Middlebrook 7H10 (Difco) solid medium supplemented with oleic acid.
- Middlebrook 7H10 Middlebrook 7H10
- albumin dextrose catalase 10% (MB7H9 / OADC) plus kanamycin (20 pg / mL) for selection of transformants.
- Approximate composition of the solid medium Middlebrook 7H10 according to manufacturer (Difco-BD): Ammonium Sulphate, Potassium Monophosphate, Potassium Biophosphate, Sodium Citrate, Magnesium Sulphate, Calcium Chloride, Zinc Sulphate, Copper Sulphate L-Glutamic Acid, Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Malachite Green and Agar.
- the selected rBCG colonies were then transferred to 5 mL of kanamycin MB7H9 / Tw / ADC liquid culture medium (20 pg / mL).
- rBCG-LTAK63 a 50-200 ⁇ competente stock aliquot of competent BCG was mixed with 0.1-1 pg of pLN12-LTAK63 in 2 mm electroporation cuvettes and submitted. at 2.5 kV, 25] iF and 1000 ⁇ pulses in a pulsation electroporator (GenePulser, BioRad, Hemel Hempstead, U).
- the contents of the cuvettes were recovered in 2 ml antibiotic-free medium (MB7H9 / Tw / ADC) and incubated at 37 ° C for 20 h before being seeded in Middlebrook 7H10 (Difco) solid medium supplemented with oleic albumin - 10% dextrose catalase (MB7H9 / OADC) plus kanamycin (20 pg / mL) for selection of transformants.
- Approximate composition of the solid medium Middlebrook 7H10 according to manufacturer (Difco-BD): Ammonium Sulphate, Potassium Monophosphate, Potassium Bi-Phosphate, Sodium Citrate, Magnesium Sulphate, Calcium Chloride, Zinc Sulphate, Copper Sulphate L-Glutamic Acid, Ferric Ammonium Citrate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Malachite Green and Agar.
- the selected rBCG colonies were then transferred to 5 mL of kanamycin (MB7H9 / Tw / ADC) liquid culture medium (20 g / mL).
- LTK63 gene expression could not be determined by the classical immunoassay method
- characterization of LTK63 expression was performed indirectly by confirming the presence of the LTK63 gene in the plasmid within recombinant BGC. This characterization was performed by PCR assay using specific primers, the same as those described above and used to amplify and clone the LTK63 gene in the pMIP12 vector ( Figure 1).
- LTAK63 gene expression was verified using a Western blot as follows: one or more aliquots of rBCG-LTAK63 were sonicated for 1.5 min under ice. at a constant amplitude corresponding to half the maximum value (Soniprep 150 MSE, UK) and centrifuged for solids precipitation. Supernatants were recovered and protein concentration dosed using the BIO-RAD Protein Assay Kit (Bio-Rad) using bovine albumin as standard. Samples containing 10 pg of total protein were applied to 10% polyacrylamide gel in the presence of sodium (10% SDS-PAGE). Electrophoresis was performed at room temperature at 120 V until the dye reached the end of the gel.
- the proteins were transferred to 0.45 ⁇ m pore PDVF membrane (GE Healthcare) using a semi-dry transfer system.
- the LT-containing gel as a positive control, was glued under the PDVF membrane, dipped in transfer buffer (0.25 M Tris, pH 8.3, 0.129 M glycine and 20% methanol) and placed between five filter sheets as well. soaked in the same buffer. The assembly was placed between two plates and subjected to a 120 mA current for 1.5 h at room temperature. At the end of the electrotransfer, the membrane was removed from the system and incubated in a blocking solution (PBS containing 5% milk - PBS-L) at 4 ° C overnight.
- PBS containing 5% milk - PBS-L
- the membrane was incubated at room temperature for 2 h with anti-LT serum diluted in PBS-L (1: 1000 dilution). After this incubation period the PVDF membrane was washed three times under mild agitation with 0.1% PBS / Tween20 (PBS-T) at 10 min intervals. The membrane was then incubated for 2 h under the same conditions in PBS-L containing HRP-conjugated anti-IgG antibody (Sigma, Chem Co, St. Luis) and again washed 3 times with PBS-T. Developing was by chemiluminescence using the ECL kit (Amersham) by exposure on photocumentation device (ImageQuant LAS4000 - GE) ( Figure 2).
- EXAMPLE 2 Humoral and cellular immune response assay of animals immunized with rBCG-LTK63.
- mice Female BALB / c mice (Mus musculus, Rodentia, Mammalia), 6 to 8 weeks old, from and maintained under the standard conditions of the Central Biotery of the University of S ⁇ o Paulo School of Medicine were used.
- BCG group animals immunized subcutaneously (sc) with 0.1 ml BCG suspension (1x10 6 CFU / mouse suspended in PBS IX);
- rBCG-LTK63 group animals immunized subcutaneously (sc) with 0.1 ml rBCG-LTK63 suspension (1x10 6 CFU / mouse suspended in PBS IX);
- rBCG-LTKA63 group animals immunized subcutaneously (sc) with 0.1 ml rBCG-LTAK63 suspension (1x10 6 CFU / mouse suspended in PBS IX); Control Group: animals inoculated with 0.1 mL saline (PBS IX).
- Humoral response For this procedure, animals immunized or inoculated with the control, either BCG or rBCG-LT ( Figure 3) or BCG or rBCG-LTAK63 ( Figure 4), were bled retro-orbital one day before. challenge and the separated and aliquoted serum for further characterization by the ELISA method. Isotypes were determined in isolated sera one day before MTB challenge or 90 days after immunization. Sera from 5 animals per group were individually analyzed by ELISA using mouse anti-IgG1 and IgG2a specific antibodies. Humoral response analysis was performed by comparing the concentration of PDS specific antibodies and / or IgG1 and IgG2a subtypes in the different immunization groups.
- mice Initially the spleens of the immunized mice as described above were removed 30 days after the first and only immunization, macerated and passed through 70 ⁇ porosity sieves (Celi strainer- ⁇ Falcon, Bedford, MA). The splenocytes thus obtained from each group (Saline, BCG and rBCG-LTK63) were counted in a Neubauer chamber and their viability evaluated by Trypan blue staining.
- rBCG-LTAK63 Cell Response The evaluation of the Saline, BCG, and rBCG-LTAK63 Cell Response was performed by ELISA and Flow Cytometry (FACS) methods. Initially the spleens of the immunized mice as described above were removed 60 days after the first and only immunization, macerated in Pyrex-type tissue homogenizers (Fischer Scientific - USA) and the splenocytes recovered. The splenocytes thus obtained from each group (Saline, BCG and rBCG-LTA 63) were counted in a Neubauer chamber and their viability evaluated by Trypan blue staining.
- FACS Flow Cytometry
- RPMI 1640 (GIBCO Life Technologies), penicillin (100 U / ml), streptomycin (100 g / ml) plus 10% fetal bovine serum] at a concentration of 2x10 6 cells / ml for ELISA and FACS.
- RPMI 1640 GEBCO Life Technologies
- penicillin 100 U / ml
- streptomycin 100 g / ml
- a volume of 500 pL of cells was seeded in a 96-well plate under PDS stimulation (5 pg / mL) and incubated for 5 hours at 37 ° C with 5% CO 2 atmosphere.
- PDS stimulation 5 pg / mL
- Each sample was aliquoted and labeled in three different tubes (200 ⁇ / tube) following intracellular permeabilization protocol and labeling to separately analyze intracellular expression of INF- ⁇ and TNF-a within the CD4 + T cell subpopulation.
- Standard protocol provided by the manufacturer was used for surface labeling (anti-CD4-PerCP, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA.
- EXAMPLE 3 Development of the animal model of tuberculosis challenge - Protection trials against an intracheal challenge with the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
- mice C57BL / 6 mice were used.
- the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) 37HRv strain which was grown in MB7H9 / Tw / ADC liquid medium in an oven at 37 ° C and 5% CO 2 , was used for challenge assays.
- the MTB bacillary suspension was cultured in 7H9 / Tw / ADC medium for two weeks and only suspensions with at least 80% viable bacilli were used for intratracheal challenge.
- the bacillary culture was centrifuged at 4000 rpm and washed twice with equal volume of culture with PBS IX. Then the pellet was resuspended in 1 ml PBS IX and the bacillus number estimated using the Macfarland scale.
- the animals were followed for four weeks. After this period , they were sacrificed camera C0 2 and lungs removed for processing. One of the lobes of each lung was separated and macerated in a total volume of 1 ml PBS IX solution. This material was then serially diluted and seeded into 7H10 / OADC solid medium petri dishes. Thirty days later, the number of CFUs was determined on the plates corresponding to each group of immunized animals ( Figure 11).
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EP13749037.1A EP2816106B1 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2013-02-18 | Recombinant strain of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) immunogenic composition and use |
CN201380020308.6A CN104271733B (zh) | 2012-02-17 | 2013-02-18 | 重组牛分枝杆菌菌株、免疫原性组合物和用途 |
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US14/379,149 US9512186B2 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2013-02-18 | Recombinant strain of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG), immunogenic composition and use |
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US5504005A (en) | 1987-03-02 | 1996-04-02 | Albert Einstein College Of Medicine Of Yeshiva University | Recombinant mycobacterial vaccine |
US6673353B1 (en) | 1997-08-22 | 2004-01-06 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V. | Tuberculosis vaccine |
WO2009089535A2 (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-16 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services | Polypeptide vaccine and vaccination strategy against mycobacterium |
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US5504005A (en) | 1987-03-02 | 1996-04-02 | Albert Einstein College Of Medicine Of Yeshiva University | Recombinant mycobacterial vaccine |
US6673353B1 (en) | 1997-08-22 | 2004-01-06 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V. | Tuberculosis vaccine |
WO2009089535A2 (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-16 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services | Polypeptide vaccine and vaccination strategy against mycobacterium |
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