WO2013117668A1

WO2013117668A1 - Intake gate for a hydroelectric power plant

Info

Publication number: WO2013117668A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/052473
Authority: WO
Inventors: Günter FELLA
Original assignee: Fella Maschinenbau Gmbh
Priority date: 2012-02-08
Filing date: 2013-02-07
Publication date: 2013-08-15
Also published as: EP2812495A1; EP2812495B1

Abstract

The invention relates to an intake gate of a hydroelectric power plant, comprising bars (8) which are horizontal to the direction of the flow of water or are arranged at a slight angle to the horizontal. According to the invention, said intake gate comprising a cleaning strip (6) which is arranged transverse to the bars (8) and can be moved in the longitudinal direction on the bars (8). At least one combing bar (17, 19) engages by means of its teeth (18) in the intermediate area (13) of the bars (8) and the cleaning strip (6) is designed, on the side facing the flow, to deviate the flow, and comprises in particular bevels and/or rounded sections (20).

Description

description

Runner for hydroelectric power station

The invention relates to an inlet rake of a hydroelectric power plant. In particular, the invention relates to an inlet rake of a hydroelectric power plant with bars, which are oriented in the flow direction of the water horizontally or with a small

Inclination to the horizontal are arranged.

Are known in hydroelectric power plants in front of the inlet in the upper water arranged perpendicular or inclined inlet rake with vertically oriented bars. By this is trapped flotsam and prevents this

Flotsam can get into the turbines.

It is also known to provide in such inlet rake scraper that can strip alluvial floppy along the vertical orientation of the bars of these. For example, from DE 1 127 285 a rake cleaner is known, in which a bar is guided with a rake in front of the vertical bars of the inlet rake. The rake engages with teeth between the bars to rid them of flotsam, and is moved in the longitudinal direction of the bars over this away by a drive.

In the prior art inlet rakes of hydroelectric power plants are known, which are arranged horizontally and are completely submerged. In these

Inlet rake drops the water from top to bottom through the rake.

For example, such an arrangement is disclosed in FR 1 165 735.

Furthermore, arrangements of such an inlet rake immediately before a stowage device or a step in the riverbed are known, as for example in JP 60-047882 A. Here, the grid is only in a small height above a river bottom of the upper water or at the level of the riverbed. The occurring sediment in the waters is transported either during deliberate flushing or when a strong water flow across the grid and an open weir or over the stage away into the underwater, as far as the size the sediment constituents causes these from the intake rake

be withheld.

A disadvantage of this prior art is that it can lead to a significant obstruction of the flow over time, when increasingly sediment and sediment deposited on the intake rack. By rinsing it can not be ensured that the inlet rake is again completely freed from the attachment, since reaching the required flow rate can be difficult to ensure at all points of the inlet rake.

The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a horizontal inlet rake for a hydroelectric power plant, which is provided with an effective and improved cleaning device. This object is achieved by an inlet rake according to the invention with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the run-in rake are specified in the subclaims.

The object is achieved by an inlet rake of a hydroelectric power plant with bars, which are oriented horizontally or with a slight inclination to the horizontal oriented in the flow direction of the water, with a

Cleaning bar is arranged transversely to the bars and longitudinally on the bars can be moved resting, and wherein at least one comb bar engages with teeth in the interstices of the bars and the cleaning bar is designed flow-repellent on the flow-facing side, in particular bevels and / or rounded off.

Advantageously, through the comb strip bedload, sediment and flotsam, which rests on the inlet rake, safely removed, even if it has jammed at the top of the inlet rake between adjacent bars. If the

Cleaning strip is moved with the flow over the inlet rake, so bedding and flotsam are largely moved with the cleaning bar and removed from the inlet rake. When the cleaning bar in the opposite direction

Upstream backward can be through the streamlined

Design of the cleaning strip bedding and deposits on the inlet rake, which have not been taken, glide over the cleaning strip away. This is additionally supported by the water flow. Also causes the

aerodynamic design that reduces the forces that the

Looking for a cleaning strip to lift off the inlet rake. It is the

Running racks provided with oriented in the flow direction bars and arranged the cleaning strip perpendicular to these bars. The inlet rake can be arranged lying exactly horizontally. However, it is also possible to provide it with a slope, in particular a slope, in the flow direction. This can also accept values up to 30 ° tilt. Above all, an inclination which drops down with the direction of flow advantageously assists in pushing down the deposited bed of material from the inlet rack. Furthermore, by such an arrangement in hydropower plants, in which not the entire amount of water through the inlet rake falls into an underlying inlet shaft, but a portion of the water or water flow in the event of flood over the inlet rake away, the deposit of bedding reduced from the outset or achieved a self-cleaning effect. The inlet rake according to the invention is especially advantageous for hydroelectric power plants at barrages and existing sleepers in

Waters where the power plant equipment is completely submerged and not visible from the outside. The inlet rack with the cleaning strip can be placed completely under water, for example, in front of an existing threshold in the water and below the inlet rake can be installed in a shaft an underwater turbine.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the cleaning strip has a rear comb strip at its end facing the flow and a front one

Comb rail at its end facing away from the flow.

As a result, it is advantageously achieved in both directions of movement, upstream, such as downstream, that bedload and flotsam, which should have jammed in the upper area in the interstices of the bars, safe from these

Gaps is removed and in particular not the cleaning strip itself upwards, can be pushed away from the inlet rake.

Advantageously, the rear comb strip and / or the front comb strip with their teeth each of the cleaning strip pioneering at an angle between the Submerge bars, in particular an angle of 45 ° to the bars.

As a result, the teeth of the comb strip at the edge of the cleaning strip in each case in the direction of movement forward and obliquely down. Jammed stones of the attachment or pieces of wood from the flotsam are then lifted and levered out of the teeth during the movement of the cleaning strip from the spaces between the bars. As a result, a reliable cleaning of the inlet rake is achieved. In a favorable development of the invention, the cleaning strip is formed from a beveled on both sides by about 45 ° sheet, the folded portions each form a comb strip.

As a result, the cleaning strip can be produced inexpensively by providing a corresponding metal strip on both sides with the teeth of the comb strips and folded. The fold can be performed rounded to repel the desired flowable or sedimentary material

To achieve design as well as to avoid the formation of edges and vertical areas as possible on which attachment could get stuck.

Advantageously, the cleaning strip with a plastic sliding on the

Grid bars, in particular with one or more plastic plates.

As a result, the necessary actuation forces for moving the cleaning strip on the inlet rake are significantly reduced, since the friction against the

Grid bars is greatly reduced. Plastic elements as a sliding layer or sliding plate have a resistance to corrosion and are particularly suitable for operation under water. In an advantageous development of the invention, a driver ascending upward with the flow direction is provided on the cleaning strip.

The water is deflected by this driver only relatively low upwards. Likewise, during the movement of the cleaning strip upstream, but also through the flow attachment slide over the driver downstream and thus get to the side of the cleaning bar, which is downstream. However, if the cleaning strip is moved downstream, the attachment is detected by the driver and pushed down from the inlet rake. Only if so much debris accumulates that it falls on the top over the edge of the driver, still attachment can remain on the inlet rake. However, this can be removed by a second movement of the cleaning strip or further movements by the bedload is lifted by the upstream comb bar during the movement of the cleaning bar upstream and supported by the flow slides over the driver away. At the next movement of the cleaning bar downstream then this attachment is through the

Inlet rake removed.

Advantageously, the driver consists of a comb with teeth. As a result, the water resistance is reduced and the driver can be carried out with a larger height and thus carry more attachments downstream.

In a favorable development of the invention, the cleaning strip is guided so that it can not lift off the bars.

This prevents jamming of the cleaning strip if stones of the attachment could get under the cleaning strip. The cleaning strip can attack with securing means in a grid connected to the bars or formed on the bars guide track opposite to the top of the bars.

For example, when the securing means engage in a milled groove provided laterally in a grid bar via a space between the grid bars and a pulling force towards the top of the grid bar

Exercise inlet rake, a lifting of the cleaning bar can be prevented.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cleaning strip engages with securing means in one or more spaces between bars through, which are open over the entire movement length of the cleaning strip, in particular have no cross member elements, and engages the underside of the bars with securing means. The bars are usually connected by cross member elements to the rigidity and strength of the gate rake and vibrations through the

Prevent water flow. In this case, inlet rakes often consist of vertically arranged metal strips of approximately 10 mm thickness with a respective one

Gap of 10 to 20 mm. Over the length of the inlet rake several cross member elements are arranged. If now except one

Cross member element at both ends of the inlet rake in further interposed therebetween cross member elements in one or more spaces these other cross member elements are interrupted, so there are gaps in which over the entire length of movement a penetration on the underside of the inlet rake is possible. Through this securing means of the cleaning strip can pass through on the underside of the inlet rake or the bars and supported on the underside of the bars creates a holding force for the cleaning strip.

Advantageously, the rest position of the cleaning strip at the flow-facing end of the inlet rake.

As a result, in the case of a first movement of the cleaning strip, a large part or the entire deposited attachment can already be removed from the inlet rake, without the cleaning strip first having to be pulled under the attachment.

An alternatively possible rest position downstream offers the advantage that there is less hindrance to the water flow, since then all the water, or most of the water before the cleaning strip falls through the inlet rake down

At an inlet rake of a hydroelectric power plant with bars, which in

Flow direction of the water oriented horizontally or with a slight inclination to be arranged horizontally, advantageously have the grating bars on its upper side on the widest cross section, in particular, they widen upwards in one Head area wedge-shaped.

Such an embodiment may be completely independent of the features described above, in particular without any cleaning strip and be advantageous. In a horizontally or slightly inclined inlet rake, which is under water and thus exposed to a flow in the longitudinal direction of the bars, the effect of a self-cleaning Einrechrechens can be achieved if the gap width between the bars exactly in the plane of the top of the bars is lowest. This is especially true when the inlet rake is inclined with the flow direction down and the

Attachment further moving force of the flow is supported by gravity. If a rock or Treibgutbestandteil can get into this gap, so the gap opens down increasingly and it can not lead to jamming. As far as bedding rests on the top and does not pass through the gap, this can be moved by the flow over the entire inlet rake. If the bars are made of solid solid material, a high load capacity can be achieved over the resting weight of the bed load and the forces of the falling water down. A design with wedge-shaped widening head portion of the bars still has the advantage that at a wear due to abrasion on the top still always the

Upper edge represents the plane in which the gap width is the lowest. There is thus a certain area for wear available. The wedge-shaped broadening can relate only to one side of the grid bar, or symmetrical to the center line and there are also other continuously increasing forms of broadening conceivable. A wedge-shaped widening with a straight contour, however, represents a well-to-produce form for a steel profile.

In one embodiment of the invention, transverse elements of the grid bars are arranged only below the head area.

Thus, the Quertragelemente are arranged in a region of the bars, in which they have a cross-section with plane-parallel surfaces. For the

Quertragelemente required holes can be manufactured inexpensively and well in such an area. Due to the arrangement of the transverse support elements in a lower region of the bars, the teeth of a comb strip can be sufficient reach deep into the spaces between the bars above the Quertragelemente.

Further advantages and details of the invention will be described with reference to the

Schematically illustrated embodiments illustrated embodiment of the entry rake according to the invention. This shows an inventive inlet rake, installed in a shaft as a water inlet,

2 is a schematic representation of the inlet rake of FIG. 1 from above,

Fig. 3, the cleaning strip arranged in cross section on the inlet rake and

4 shows a detail of the inlet rake in cross section.

Fig. 1 shows an inlet rake 1 according to the invention installed in a shaft 2 as a water inlet 3 of a turbine channel not shown in detail. This may in particular be a shaft in which a completely submerged

Turbine is arranged with a suction pipe as drain in the underwater. By a dam board 4, which can be raised or lowered as indicated by the double arrow, it is possible to dam the water or an outflow, as shown by the arrow, on the inlet rake 1 and the shaft 2 away to regulate. For the operation of the hydroelectric power plant, the water falls from the upper water through the inlet rake 1 down into the shaft 2 and the water inlet 3. The top of the shaft 2 is located approximately at the same height as the bottom 5 of the upper water. A cleaning strip 6 is arranged in a rest position 7 upstream on the end of the inlet rake 1, which is formed of bars 8, which are arranged horizontally oriented in the direction of flow.

2 shows a schematic representation of the inlet rake 1 of FIG. 1 from above. The inlet rake 1 sits on the top of the shaft 2. At the front of the shaft 2, the ladies board 4 is arranged, through which an opening 9 in a dam wall 10 can be opened or closed. The water flows as if through the dashed arrows indicated, toward the opening 9 and falls through the inlet rake 1 in the shaft 2. The bars 8 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the flow. The cleaning strip 6 is in the rest position 7 am

upstream end of the run-in rake 1 arranged. In the rest position 7 and at the other end of the inlet rake 1 Quertragelemente 1 1 are arranged, which connect the bars 8 and completion. Further middle Quertragelemente 12 are arranged halfway along the inlet rake. In the present example, three intermediate gaps 13 are recessed between the bars 8, in which

Securing means of the cleaning strip over the entire length of

Movement possibility of the cleaning strip 6 can pass through and hold the cleaning bar 6 by counter holding elements on the top of the bottom of the bars forth. Furthermore, unspecified hydraulic cylinders 14 are shown schematically here, which are provided for driving the cleaning strip 6. In order to convey sediment from the inlet rake 1 through the opening 9 in the underwater and to clean the inlet rake 1, the cleaning strip 6 is moved from the rest position 7 on the inlet rake 1 away in the direction of the opening 9. In this case, the dam board 4 can be lowered so far that the opening 9 is completely open to support the cleaning effect and generating a strong flow. As far as in a first movement over the length of the Einrechrechens 1 the attachment is not pushed out completely through the opening 9, remaining attachment can be removed by a second movement by the path of the cleaning strip 6 back to the rest position 7 supported by the flow of water the remaining attachment can slide over the cleaning strip 6 through the favorable design of the cleaning strip 6 away.

Fig. 3 shows the cleaning strip 6 arranged in cross section on the

Runner 1, the bars 8 a wedge-shaped broadening

Head area 15 have. The cleaning strip 6 consists of a sheet-metal profile 16, which viewed in the flow direction rear and thus upstream

arranged comb strip 17 with in the gaps between the bars 8th

engaging teeth 18 has. A front comb bar 19 is attached to the

disposed away from the flow end of the sheet metal profile 16 and also has teeth 18 which engage in the gaps between the bars 8 at an angle of 45 ° relative to the horizontal and outwardly facing into it. The Sheet metal profile 16 is made with rounded edges 24 by folding or bending and the rear comb strip 17 is designed at an angle of 45 ° relative to the horizontal inclined pointing outward. This can

Propellant material in a movement of the cleaning strip 6 in the direction

upstream, thus in the illustration of the drawing to the left, over the

Slide cleaning bar 6 away. On top of the sheet metal profile 16 is a

Driver 20 is arranged, which is also inclined with respect to the upstream side by 45 ° so that the flow and sediment material over this for

can flow past away from the flow side. However, if the cleaning strip 6 is moved in the opposite direction to the direction of flow, then the front comb strip 19 and its teeth 18 are used to propel bed material which may have been tilted in the gaps between the bars 8 and pushed along by the driver 20 via the bars 8 , The sheet metal profile 16 rests with a continuous plastic plate 21 on the top of the bars 8, whereby the friction during the movement of the cleaning strip 6 is reduced. about

Securing means 22 which engage in the above-described continuous free gaps between bars 8 through the inlet rake 1 and on the underside of the bars 8 abutting counter-holding plates 23, a lifting of the cleaning strip 6 is prevented and this held on the top of the bars 8.

4 shows a section of the inlet rake in cross section in the region of the middle cross member. The bars 8 have a symmetrically spreading head portion 15 whose largest width directly at the top of the

Einrechrechens 1 is located. As a result, the smallest cross section of the gaps between the bars 8 directly at the upper edge of the run-in rake. 1 The bars 8 are in an area below the head portion 15 through the

Quertragelemente 12 connected to each other and thus form an overall rigid grid. In individual spaces 13 between the bars 8 are the

Quertragelemente 12 recessed. As a result, in these intermediate spaces 13, the securing elements 21 of the cleaning strip 6 can reach through in order to secure them against lifting. Since the bars 8 are made of solid solid material, in the present case steel profiles, a high load capacity over the

resting weight of the bed load and the forces of the falling water are reached. A design with wedge-shaped broadening Head region 15 of the bars 8 further offers the advantage that when wear by abrasion on the top still always the top edge represents the plane in which the gap width is the lowest.

Claims

claims

Inlet rake of a hydroelectric power station with bars (8), which are in

Flow direction of the water oriented horizontally or are arranged with a slight inclination to the horizontal,

characterized,

a cleaning strip (6) is arranged transversely to the bars (8) and can be moved in the longitudinal direction on the bars (8), at least one comb strip (17, 19) with teeth (18) being inserted into the spaces (13) of the bars Grid bars (8) engages and the cleaning strip (6) on the

has flow-repellent side designed flow-repellent, in particular bevels and / or rounded portions (24).

Runner according to claim 1,

characterized,

that the cleaning strip (6) has a rear comb strip (17) on its

having flow-facing end and a front comb strip (19) at its end facing away from the flow.

Runner according to claim 2,

characterized,

that the rear comb strip (17) and / or the front comb strip (19) with its teeth (18) each of the cleaning strip (6) pointing away at an angle between the bars (8), in particular an angle of 45 ° to the bars (8th).

Runner according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized,

that the cleaning strip (6) from one on both sides by about 45 °

folded sheet (16) is formed, wherein the folded portions each form a comb strip (17,19).

5. runner according to one of claims 1 to 4,

characterized,

that the cleaning strip (6) with a plastic sliding layer on the bars (8) rests, in particular with one or more plastic plates (21).

Runner according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized,

in that a driver (20) ascending upward with the flow direction is provided on the cleaning strip (6).

Runner according to claim 6,

characterized,

that the driver (20) consists of a comb with teeth.

Runner according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized,

that the cleaning strip (6) is guided so that it can not lift off the bars (8) and.

Runner according to claim 8,

characterized,

that the cleaning strip (6) with securing means in a with the grid bars (8) or connected to the grid bars (8) formed guideway

opposite to the top of the bars (8) attacks.

Runner according to claim 8 or 9,

characterized,

the cleaning strip (6) engages with securing means (22) in one or more intermediate spaces (13) between bars (8) which are open over the entire movement length of the cleaning strip (6), in particular have no cross-member elements (12, 11), and on the underside of the grid bars (8) with securing means (22,23) attacks.

Runner according to one of claims 1 to 10,

characterized,

the rest position (7) of the cleaning strip (6) is in the flow direction at the front end of the inlet rake (1). Inlet rake of a hydroelectric power station with bars (8), which are in

Flow direction of the water oriented horizontally or are arranged with a slight inclination to the horizontal, or according to one of claims 1 to 1 1,

characterized,

in that the grating bars (8) have the widest cross-section on their upper side, in particular widen wedge-shaped upwards in a head area (15).

Runner according to claim 12,

characterized,

in that cross-member elements (11, 12) are arranged on the bars (8) only below the head area (15).