WO2013115732A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour lutter contre l'efflorescence de cyanobactéries nuisibles - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour lutter contre l'efflorescence de cyanobactéries nuisibles Download PDF

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WO2013115732A2
WO2013115732A2 PCT/SI2013/000006 SI2013000006W WO2013115732A2 WO 2013115732 A2 WO2013115732 A2 WO 2013115732A2 SI 2013000006 W SI2013000006 W SI 2013000006W WO 2013115732 A2 WO2013115732 A2 WO 2013115732A2
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water
cyanobacteria
working platform
cyanobacterial
lytic cycle
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WO2013115732A3 (fr
WO2013115732A8 (fr
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Domen LEŠTAN
Bojan SEDMAK
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Envit, Environmental Technologies And Engineering Ltd.
LAKOVIČ, Gorazd
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Publication of WO2013115732A8 publication Critical patent/WO2013115732A8/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/06—Lysis of microorganisms
    • C12N1/066—Lysis of microorganisms by physical methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/40—Viruses, e.g. bacteriophages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
    • C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C02F2001/46138—Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
    • C02F2001/46147—Diamond coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/006—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising a software program or a logic diagram
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/008—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising telecommunication features, e.g. modems or antennas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02—Temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/04—Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/11—Turbidity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/22—O2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/36—Biological material, e.g. enzymes or ATP
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
    • C02F2305/023—Reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, OH radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
    • C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
    • E02B1/003—Mechanically induced gas or liquid streams in seas, lakes or water-courses for forming weirs or breakwaters; making or keeping water surfaces free from ice, aerating or circulating water, e.g. screens of air-bubbles against sludge formation or salt water entry, pump-assisted water circulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the process and device "Process and device to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms" in water systems.
  • the massive occurrence of cyanobacterial growth, known as cyanobacterial bloom, is serious threat to human and environmental health since the co-occurring biosynthesis of toxic, genotoxic and cancerogenic compounds.
  • the process is based on strategic triggering of the lytic cycle with the lysogenic cyanobacteria in a spatially separated parts of population and the release of endogenous cyanoviruses to spread the viral infection to weaken and destroy the cyanobacterial population; and on thermal destratification of the subsurface waters and hydro logic disturbanfce of cyanobacteria in their habitat, the epilimnion, which shifts the competitive equilibrium from blooming cyanobacteria to other phytoplankton organisms.
  • Strategic triggering of the viral infection and thermal destratification of subsurface waters is achieved by the device comprised from two separate segments: the service docking station on the bank of the water body and the mobile working platform which floats freely and is able to autonomously cover extensive water surfaces.
  • the process belongs to B67D1/00 according to the international patent classification, and to A01N59/00 according to the European patent classification,
  • Nutrient rich waters from temperate to tropic latitudes are sites of massive occurrence of cyanobacterial growth.
  • the main causes in industrial countries are unsustainable use of water resources and pollution, whereas in tropic countries the massive occurrence of cyanobacteria is natural and frequent.
  • Cyanobacteria contain both chlorophyll and phycocyanins. Using these complementary pigments enables cyanobacteria to effectively acquire light of low intensity and of spectra, unavailable to other autotrophs. Additional advantage, which gives cyanobacteria competitative edge over other phytoplankton organisms is provided by gas vesicles. They enable cyanobacteria to adjust their position within the water column and thus take advantage from the given physical (light) and chemical (nutrients) environmental factors (Walsby, A. E. The gas vesicles of aquatic prokaryotes. Cambridge University Press, 1978, pp. 388.). Cyanobacteria settle in the sediment bottom of the lake as akinetes and spores to endure unfavorable conditions and as such serve as a source of new cyanobacterial bloom and dominance when conditions become appropriate.
  • cyanotoxins are produced in cyanobacterial blooms.
  • Many genera of cyanobacteria i.e., Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis, Lyngbya, Microcystis, Planktothrix
  • the effects of cyanotoxins on higher organisms can be described as hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, dermatotoxicity, genotoxicity and general inhibition of protein synthesis.
  • cyanotoxins smaller peptides, especially cyclopeptides, alkaloids and lipopolysaccharides.
  • L-BMAA non-protein neurotoxic aminoacids
  • This compound is not acutely toxic, but is related development of deadly neurological disease ALS-PDC (Kurland L. T. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinson's disease complex on Guam linked to environmental neurotoxin. Trends Neurosci., 1988, 11, 51-55).
  • ALS-PDC Korean L. T. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinson's disease complex on Guam linked to environmental neurotoxin. Trends Neurosci., 1988, 11, 51-55.
  • Poisoning with cyanobacteria can't be attributed solely to the presence of hepatotoxins and neurotoxins. Harmful effects of cyanobacteria do not arise from exposure to single compound.
  • Microcystin-LR induces oxidative DNA damage in human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Toxicon, 2003, 41, 41-48) and their effect on different internal organs (Filipic M., Zegura B., Sedmak B., Horvat-Znidarsic I., Milutinovic A., Suput D. Subchronic exposure of rats to sublethal dose of microcystin - YR induces DNA damage in multiple organs. Radiol. Oncol., 2007, 41, 15-22) and high occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (type of liver cancer)
  • cyanobacteria are removed by filtration apparatus with very dense nets (CN Pat. No. 201873977), with apparatus for skimming harmful cyanobacteria blooms from the surface of the water body ( R Pat. No. 20100101716) and with apparatus for electro- coagulation and filtration of cyanobacteria cells (CN Pat. No. 201367380).
  • cyanobacteria are removed by flocculation and settling (CN Pat. No. 101134626).
  • Recently methods such are ultrafiltration and nanofiltration were found effective but are not appropriate for large water bodies and too expensive to treat drinking water (Gijsbertsen-Abrahamse A. J., Schmidt W., Chorus I., Heijman S.
  • Copper sulphate lyses cyanobacteria cells, causing a massive release of cell content together with cyanotoxins (Schmidt W., Willmitzer H., Bornmann K., Pietsch J. Production of drinking water from raw water containing cyanobacteria - pilot plant studies for assessing the risk of microcystin breakthrough. Environ.Toxicol., 2002, 17, 375-385).
  • Repetitive additions of CuS0 4 into the water body have detrimental impacts. Due to the presence of Cu-resistant populations (i.e. Microcystis aeruginosa) the process can become inefficient for toxic cyanobacteria (Garcia- Villada L.G., Rico M., Altamirano M., Sanchez-Martin L. Occurrence of copper resistant mutants in the toxic cyanobacteria M. aeruginosa - characterisation and future implications in the use of copper sulphate as algaecide. Water Res., 2007, 8, 2207-2213).
  • allelopathic substances - natural compounds which are used by the aquatic organisms to fight against competing organisms including cyanobacteria (Vardi A., Schatz D., Beeri K., Motro U., Sukenik A., Levine A., Kaplan A. Dinoflagellate- cyanobacterium communication may determine the composition of phytoplankton assemblage in a mesotrophic lake. Curr. Biol.. 2002, 12.1767- 1772).
  • ultrasound device which disrupts cellular membranes and other structures such as photosynthesis apparatus and gas vesicles and cause cellular death.
  • This device can be stationary placed in the bank of the water body (WO Pat. No. 2007114528) or is mobile floating/submersible devices capable of reaching the entire area of harmful blooms and water column where cyanobacteria occur (CN Pat. No. 101712497).
  • Known is device with the ultrasound generator and electro voltaic solar panels for autonomous power supply (CN Pat. No. 201569904).
  • cyanobacteria cells are destructed or programmed cellular triggered by oxidation of cellular membrane with injection of ozone (0 3 ) into water (U.S. Pat. No. 2005006316) and another gas nitric monoxide (NO) into water (U.S. Pat. No. 20110021357).
  • the apparatus for injection of NO into the water body can be stationary or mobile on or under the water surface. It is known that H 2 0 2 , 0 3 and NO quickly decay in water environment forming, among other, hydroxyl radicals ( ⁇ ) which are more powerful oxidants as original molecules.
  • cyanobacteria cells are destructed by oxidation of cellular membrane with hydroxyl radicals.
  • hydroxyl radicals are generated from combination of ultraviolet (UV) rays and atmospheric oxygen (CN Pat. No.1511789).
  • UV ultraviolet
  • Processes and devices are known in which hydroxyl radicals are generated with electro-Fenton reaction between H 2 0 2 in Fe 3+ and iron is regenerated within the electrolytic cell (CN Pat. No. 101962216).
  • hydroxyl radicals are formed directly on anode made of materials capable of high over-potential for ⁇ formation before formation of molecular oxygen (0 2 ) (CN Pat. No. 101428878).
  • Floating device with electrolytic cell designed for operation in the region with harmful blooms is known (K Pat. No. 20080042632).
  • Device is known where the electrolytic cell is power-supplied with electro voltaic solar panels (CN Pat. No. 201842678).
  • Device is known where electrolytic cell for ⁇ formation is combined with filtration of decayed cells (WO Pat. No. 2007126189).
  • Ru0 2 rubidium oxide
  • Ti titanium
  • the entire phytoplankton population is affected by using non-selective measures for causing cyanobacteria destruction and for triggering programmed cell death.
  • the process according to our invention is based on strategic triggering of the lytic cycle of lysogenic cyanobacteria in a space separated parts of population and release of viruses which cause epidemic of the weakened cyanobacteria population.
  • the process according to our invention thus enables the control of harmful cyanobacteria blooms using less energy and with greater operational autonomy of the device compared to known processes and with no addition of harmful substances into the water body.
  • Known devices are either stationary positioned in the bank of the water body, stationary and floating on the water body and mobile on or within the water body.
  • the device according to our invention is comprised from two separate segments: the service docking station on the bank of the water body and mobile working platform.
  • the working platform floats freely and is able to autonomously cover extensive water surfaces.
  • the power supply provided in a way similar to device according to our invention.
  • the power sources are electro voltaic solar panels and battery on the working platform; working platform is supplied also with electric -power, fromihe stationary source after automatic docking. After automatic docking the working platform according to our invention can be supplied with materials stored in the service docking station,
  • Working platform moves over the surface of the water body independently according to trajectories uploaded in advance or calculated using self learning algorithm and is protected from severe weather and climate conditions (i.e. freezing of the water body) by automatic docking. Maintenance of the working platform is made possible after automatic docking in the service docking station.
  • One of the embodiments of the process and device according to our invention is similar to the known process and device for destratification of water masses using mixers powered from electro voltaic solar panels. The main distinguishing differences are:
  • the water column is destratificated by pumping colder water from epilimnion (cyanobacteria habitat) or bellow thermocline, warming of pumped waters in the solar-heat exchanger aboard the working platform and injecting worm water back into the epilimnion or bellow the thermocline.
  • the device according to our invention is comprised from the service docking station and the mobile working platform.
  • the cyanobacterial lytic cycle is preferably trigged by anodic oxidation of cellular membranes by hydroxyl radicals ( ⁇ ).
  • Hydroxyl radicals are preferably generated using chemically inert boron doped diamond anode (BDDA).
  • BDDA has extreme overpotential >3 V of hydroxyl radical formation before H 2 (cathode) and 0 2 (anode) are formed during water electrolysis:
  • BDDA has the highest over-potential and current efficiency of the hydroxyl radicals formation. Hydroxyl radicals are short-lived and do not pose harm to the environment.
  • BDDA is placed into the electrolytic cell positioned onboard the working platform and water from different depth of epilimnion, the cyanobacteria habitat, is pumped through the cell. Alternatively, electrolytic cell is submerged into the epilimnion.
  • Cathode is from stainless steel or other materials known to one skilled in the art. Current density is between 0.01 and 500 mA cm " , voltage between 0.05 and 30 V and distance between electrodes between 0.1 and 30 mm.
  • the lytic cycle in cyanobacteria is trigged by a heat shock.
  • Cyanobacteria cells are weakened by pumping water from epilimnion, the cyanobacteria habitat, through the solar-heat exchanger aboard the working platform and exposing cyanobacteria to temperatures between 50 - 95 °C.
  • cyanobacteria lytic cycle other physical, chemical and biological quantities which trigger cyanobacteria lytic cycle can be used selected from, but not limited to UV light, ultrasound, ozone, nitrogen monoxide (NO), allelopathic substances and also algicides such as chlorine and CuS0 4 .
  • Hydroxyl radicals generated by Fenton and electro-Fenton reactions or generated by electrolysis using anode materials other than boron doped diamond and combinations of two or more different triggers can also be used.
  • An example of applying known trigger is dozing of H 2 0 2 into the water pumped from epilimnion, the cyanobacteria habitat, onboard of the working platform or dozing 3 ⁇ 40 2 directly into the epilimnion.
  • H 2 0 2 concentrations between 10 "2 in 10 "4 M are selectively toxic to cyanobacteria and do not harm eukaryotic organisms. Dozing of H 2 0 2 into the water body is environmentally benign due the spontaneous exothermal decay of H 2 0 2 into water and oxygen:
  • thermal destratification of the water masses in the water column is used to assert control over cyanobacterial growth.
  • Mixing of the water masses is provided by pumping cold water from epilimnion, the cyanobacteria habitat, or bellow thermocline through the solar-heat exchanger positioned aboard working platform to heat the water to 50 - 95 °C and then injecting heated water back to the epilimnion or bel w he thermOcline.
  • Embodiment of the device according to invention allows for strategic triggering of the lytic cycle of lysogenic cyanobacteria and spread of viral infection in the cyanobacteria population; and for weakening of cyanobacteria population by destratification of water masses using the process according to invention.
  • the device according to invention is comprised from two separate segments: the service docking station ( Figure 2, 1) on the bank of the water body and mobile working platform (2) which floats freely and is able to autonomously cover extensive water surfaces. Floatability, drive and mobility of working platform on the water surface is provided by any of the means known to one skilled in the art.
  • the power sources of the device according to invention are electro voltaic solar panels (3) and battery (4) onboard the working platform, and electric power available from the service docking station after automatic docking.
  • the sources of the electric power in the service docking station are electro voltaic solar panels (5) or connection to electricity grid (6).
  • the working platform according to our invention is supplied with materials stored in the service docking station (7) after automatic docking.
  • the working platform according to our invention moves over the surface of the water body independently according to trajectories uploaded in advance or calculated using self learning algorithm.
  • Working platform is positioned using reference satellite navigation (i.e. GPS) or using reference signals (trigonometric positioning).
  • the working platform according to our invention is protected from severe weather and climate conditions (i.e. freezing of the water body) by automatic docking. Maintenance of the working platform is made possible after automatic docking in the service docking station.
  • the working platform according to our invention is designed as a reconfigurable system in a way to allow different embodiments.
  • systems for -strategic triggering of the lytic cycle of lysogenic cyanobacteria using different physical, chemical and biological means (8) are positioned onboard of the working platform and water is pumped onboard working platform by the system of pipes, winch and pump (9) from different depths of the water body.
  • physical, chemical and biological quantities for triggering of the cyanobacteria lytic cycle are introduced directly into different depths of the water body.
  • a fluorescence spectrophotometer probe for measurement of cyanobacteria cells concentration is positioned onboard or submerged into different depths of the water body.
  • thermocline In another embodiment of the working platform panels of solar-heat exchanger are positioned onboard (10) along electro voltaic solar panels (3). Heated water is used for triggering cyanobacteria lytic cycle by a heat shock and for destratification of water masses in the water column by pumping cold water from epilimnion (the cyanobacteria habitat) or bellow thermocline, heating water in the- solar-heat ⁇ exchanger and introducing heated water back to the epilimnion or bellow the thermocline.
  • a microprocessor measurement and control unit uploaded with algorithms for maximum power point tracking based on assessment of climate and solar conditions is positioned aboard to assure optimal managing and distribution of available energy between systems performing processes according to invention, electromotor control unit for drive and positioning of the working platform, and control unit for charging batteries.
  • the working platform is equipped with a microprocessor measurement and control unit with sensors and probes for assessing specific chemical and biological indicators of condition of the water ecosystem such are cyanobacteria concentration, temperature profile across the water column, redox potential, dissolved oxygen concentration, water turbidity. Sensors and probes are positioned onboard of the working platform or submerged into different depths of the water body.
  • Embodiment of the working platform with fluorescence probe is able to regulate systems for triggering of the lytic cycle of lysogenic cyanobacteria using different physical, chemical and biological means. These systems are automatically put into operation when the threshold concentrations of cyanobacteria are detected. This embodiment enables three-dimensional mapping of the density of cyanobacteria concentration in the water body.
  • Embodiment of the working platform with fluorescence and temperature probes is able to regulate system for destratification od the water column by pumping cold water from epilimnion or under thermocline and introducing heated water back into the epilimnion or under the thermocline.
  • the system is active only when the threshold concentrations of cyanobacteria and stratification of the water column are determined.
  • Embodiment of the working platform with telemetric unit is designed to transfers data and reports malfunction through GSM network to the remote monitoring centre.
  • the end of the process according to the invention is characterised in the asserted control of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in the water body by using the device according to invention which performs control by strategic triggering of the lytic cycles and causing viral epidemic of the cyanobacterial population or by weakening the cyanobacterial population by temperature destratification of the water masses.
  • Depiction of the device according to invention in Figure 1 is symbolic and does not represent limitation to embodiments of the device.
  • Triggering of the lytic cycle in the colony of lysogenic cyanobacteria From the top: formation of lysogenic burst ( ⁇ - viruses), bursts of lysogenic (infected) cells and triggering of the lysis, activation of lysogenic bursts in cyanobacteria bloom leading to the final lysis of the bloom.

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Abstract

Le procédé et le dispositif selon l'invention « procédé et dispositif pour lutter contre la prolifération dangereuse des cyanobactéries» permet de résoudre le problème de l'apparition massive d'un foisonnement de cyanobactéries qui est une menace sérieuse pour la santé de l'humanité et l'hygiène du milieu du fait de la biosynthèse concomitante de composés toxiques, génotoxiques et cancérigènes. Le procédé est basé sur le déclenchement stratégique du cycle lytique des cyanobactéries lysogéniques dans des parties localisées, distinctes de la population et la libération de virus pour étendre l'infection virale afin d'affaiblir et de détruire la totalité de la population des cyanobactéries, et par déstratification thermique des eaux souterraines et perturbation hydrologique des cyanobactéries dans leur habitat. Le déclenchement stratégique du cycle lytique et la déstratification de l'eau sont réalisables au moyen d'un dispositif comprenant une station d'accueil de branchement dans les bancs de masse d'eau et une plate-forme de travail mobile qui flotte librement et peut de manière autonome couvrir une surface d'eau étendue.
PCT/SI2013/000006 2012-02-01 2013-01-31 Procédé et dispositif pour lutter contre l'efflorescence de cyanobactéries nuisibles WO2013115732A2 (fr)

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CN111646632A (zh) * 2020-05-11 2020-09-11 南京岱蒙特科技有限公司 一种绿色节能光电催化水处理系统及其处理水的方法
CN113516373A (zh) * 2021-06-18 2021-10-19 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 蓝藻水华防控集成技术体系
EP3752466A4 (fr) * 2018-02-14 2021-10-20 Evonik Operations GmbH Traitement des eaux contenant des cyanotoxines

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CN103616490A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-03-05 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 一种大型浅水湖泊水华蓝藻总存量估算的方法
US10120103B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2018-11-06 International Business Machines Corporation Intelligent/autonomous thermocline mapping and monitoring for marine and freshwater applications
EP3752466A4 (fr) * 2018-02-14 2021-10-20 Evonik Operations GmbH Traitement des eaux contenant des cyanotoxines
US11414329B2 (en) 2018-02-14 2022-08-16 Evonik Operations Gmbh Treatment of cyanotoxin-containing water
CN111646632A (zh) * 2020-05-11 2020-09-11 南京岱蒙特科技有限公司 一种绿色节能光电催化水处理系统及其处理水的方法
CN113516373A (zh) * 2021-06-18 2021-10-19 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 蓝藻水华防控集成技术体系

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