WO2013107089A1 - 电池保护电路及其方法 - Google Patents
电池保护电路及其方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013107089A1 WO2013107089A1 PCT/CN2012/072720 CN2012072720W WO2013107089A1 WO 2013107089 A1 WO2013107089 A1 WO 2013107089A1 CN 2012072720 W CN2012072720 W CN 2012072720W WO 2013107089 A1 WO2013107089 A1 WO 2013107089A1
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- Prior art keywords
- protection circuit
- battery
- battery pack
- current detecting
- software
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to battery management technology, and in particular to a battery management system (battery management) System, BMS) battery protection circuit and method thereof.
- BMS battery management system
- the battery protection circuit adopting software mode is more flexible, and the protection program can be modified multiple times, and the predetermined threshold can be adjusted according to different batteries and requirements, but the overall power consumption is large, and it is susceptible to interference, and is prone to malfunction or It crashes and can no longer provide normal protection.
- the battery protection circuit using hardware is relatively stable, but not flexible enough, and it cannot be efficiently deployed and modified according to the actual needs of customers.
- some battery protection systems may be provided with multiple battery protection circuits, such as battery protection circuits using two sets of hardware methods, or a battery protection circuit using software and a battery protection using hardware.
- the combination of circuits will greatly increase the power consumption and cost of the system design.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery protection circuit that consumes less energy and has stronger protection capability.
- a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a battery protection circuit for protecting a battery pack, the battery protection circuit comprising: a hardware protection circuit including at least one comparator and a reference voltage And a first output control module, an input end of the comparator is electrically connected to one battery unit of the battery pack to collect the voltage of the battery unit, and another input end of the comparator is electrically connected to the reference voltage source Using the reference voltage provided by the reference voltage source as a fixed threshold to compare the voltage of the battery cell and the fixed threshold to generate a corresponding comparison result at the output of the comparator, and the first output control module is configured to receive The comparison result performs a corresponding protection action; the software protection circuit includes an analog-digital conversion module, a threshold setting module, a logic module, and a second output control module, wherein the analog-digital conversion module is configured to collect the battery The voltage of each battery cell in the group and convert it into a digital signal, the threshold setting The block is configured for a user to set a
- the hardware protection circuit is electrically connected to the software protection circuit to detect the state of the software protection circuit, and when the battery pack is in an operating state to perform the protection operation by using the software protection circuit, when the software protection circuit is in an abnormal state Then, switch to using the hardware protection circuit to perform the protection operation.
- the current detecting element is a current detecting resistor, a MOS tube, a current mirror circuit or the battery itself.
- the battery protection circuit includes a hardware protection circuit, a software protection circuit, and a current detection circuit, wherein the current detection circuit is configured to detect whether the battery pack is in a working state, and when the battery pack is in a non-operating state, the hardware protection circuit is utilized. The protection operation is performed; and when the battery pack is in operation, the protection operation is performed by the software protection circuit.
- the hardware protection circuit is electrically connected to the software protection circuit to detect the state of the software protection circuit, and when the battery pack is in an operating state to perform the protection operation by using the software protection circuit, when the software protection circuit is in an abnormal state Then, switch to using the hardware protection circuit to perform the protection operation.
- the current detecting circuit includes a current detecting component and a current detecting module, wherein the current detecting module is connected in parallel with the current detecting component to detect whether a current flows through the current detecting component, and when the current detecting module detects the current When flowing through the current detecting component, the battery pack is in an operating state; and when the current detecting module detects that no current flows through the current detecting component or the current is less than a set threshold, the battery pack is in a non-operating state.
- the current detecting element is a current detecting resistor, a MOS tube, a current mirror circuit or the battery itself.
- the hardware protection circuit includes at least one comparator, a reference voltage source, and a first output control module, and an input end of the comparator is electrically connected to one of the battery cells to collect the voltage of the battery unit, the comparison The other input end of the device is electrically connected to the reference voltage source to utilize the reference voltage provided by the reference voltage source as a fixed threshold, thereby comparing the voltage of the battery unit with the fixed threshold to generate a corresponding output at the output of the comparator The comparison result is, and the first output control module is configured to receive the comparison result and perform a corresponding protection action.
- the software protection circuit is a single chip circuit.
- the software protection circuit includes an analog-to-digital conversion module, a threshold setting module, a logic module, and a second output control module, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion module is configured to collect the voltage of each battery unit in the battery pack and convert it into a digital signal, the threshold setting module is configured to allow a user to set a predetermined threshold, the logic module is configured to compare the predetermined threshold with the digital signal to generate a corresponding comparison result, and the second output control module is configured to receive the Compare the results and perform the appropriate protection actions.
- the analog-to-digital conversion module is configured to collect the voltage of each battery unit in the battery pack and convert it into a digital signal
- the threshold setting module is configured to allow a user to set a predetermined threshold
- the logic module is configured to compare the predetermined threshold with the digital signal to generate a corresponding comparison result
- the second output control module is configured to receive the Compare the results and perform the appropriate protection actions.
- the battery protection circuit includes a hardware protection circuit, a software protection circuit, and a current detection circuit.
- the battery protection method includes: using the current detecting circuit to detect whether the battery pack is in a working state; when detecting that the battery pack is in a non-working state, performing a protection operation by using the hardware protection circuit; and when detecting the When the battery pack is in operation, the software protection circuit is used to perform the protection operation.
- the step of performing the protection operation by using the software protection circuit further includes: detecting whether the software protection circuit has an abnormal state; and detecting that the software protection circuit is abnormal when detecting that the battery pack is in a working state. In the state, the software protection circuit continues to perform the protection operation; and when the software protection circuit detects an abnormal state, then switches to use the hardware protection circuit to perform the protection operation.
- the battery protection circuit of the present invention includes both a hardware protection circuit and a software protection circuit, and the current detection module can be used to detect whether the battery pack is in an active state.
- the hardware protection circuit is used to protect the battery pack, thereby reducing energy consumption; and when the battery pack is in operation, the software protection circuit is used to provide flexible protection for the battery pack.
- the present invention also detects the state of the software protection circuit. When the software protection circuit is in an abnormal state, the hardware protection circuit is turned on to protect the battery pack. Therefore, the battery protection circuit of the present invention can provide relatively safe protection for the battery pack.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of the software protection circuit shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery protection circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery protection circuit 100 of the present invention is electrically connected to the battery pack 200 to protect the battery pack 200 .
- the battery protection circuit 100 includes a hardware protection circuit 110 , a software protection circuit 120 , and a current detection circuit 130 .
- the hardware protection circuit 110 provides protection for the battery pack 200 in a hardware manner.
- 2 is a detailed schematic diagram of the hardware protection circuit 110.
- the hardware protection circuit 110 includes a plurality of comparators 111, a reference voltage source 112, and a first output control module 113.
- Each of the comparators 111 corresponds to a corresponding battery unit 210 in the battery pack 200, and one input end of each comparator 111 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the corresponding battery unit 210, and the other input end thereof is referenced.
- the voltage source 112 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the corresponding battery unit 210, and the output end thereof is electrically connected to the first output control module 113.
- each comparator 111 collects the voltage of the corresponding battery unit 210, and the other input receives the reference voltage VREF provided by the reference voltage source 112, with the reference voltage as a fixed threshold, thereby comparing the acquisition.
- the reference voltage VREF provided by the reference voltage source 112
- the first output control module 113 receives the comparison result generated by the output of the comparator 111 to perform a corresponding protection action.
- the detection signal input by the comparator may not be the battery voltage itself, but the buffer voltage or the attenuation voltage after passing through other current paths;
- the reference voltage source 112 may be designed for the negative electrode of the battery unit 210, It can also be designed for the positive terminal of battery unit 210, or to ground, or to any other level.
- the software protection circuit 120 is in a software manner to provide protection for the battery pack 200, which can be implemented using a single chip circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of the software protection circuit 120.
- the software protection circuit 120 can include an analog-to-digital conversion module 121, a threshold setting module 122, a logic module 123, and a second output control module 124.
- the analog-to-digital conversion module 121 is configured to collect the voltage of each battery unit 210 in the battery pack 200 and convert it into a digital signal.
- the threshold setting module 122 is configured to allow a user to set a predetermined threshold
- the logic module 123 is configured to compare the predetermined threshold set by the threshold setting module 122 with the digital signal generated by the analog-digital conversion module 121 to generate a corresponding comparison.
- the second output control module 124 is configured to receive the comparison result generated by the logic module 123 to perform a corresponding protection action.
- the current detecting circuit 130 includes a current detecting element 131 and a current detecting module 132.
- the current detecting element 131 can be implemented by using a current detecting resistor, and the current detecting resistor 131 is connected in parallel with the current detecting module 132 to detect whether current flows through the current detecting element 131 by using the current detecting module 132.
- the current detecting module 132 detects that a current flows through the current detecting element 131, it indicates that the battery pack 200 is in an operating state, and at this time, the software protection circuit 120 can be activated to perform a protection operation to protect the battery pack 200.
- the current detecting module 132 detects that no current flows through the current detecting component 131 or the current is less than the set threshold, it indicates that the battery pack 200 is in a non-operating state, and at this time, the protection operation is performed by the hardware protection circuit 110 to protect the battery. Group 200.
- the current detecting component 131 can also be implemented by using a device such as a MOS transistor, a current mirror circuit, or a battery itself.
- the hardware protection circuit 110 can be used to provide general protection at this time, and it is not necessary to use the software protection circuit 120 to provide flexible and complex protection due to hardware.
- the protection circuit 110 consumes less energy, so the battery protection circuit 100 of the present invention consumes less power when the battery pack 200 is not operating (i.e., in a static mode).
- the software protection circuit 120 can be activated to provide flexible and complex protection, so that the battery pack 200 can be better protected.
- the hardware protection circuit 110 can be turned off, thereby also reducing the battery protection circuit 100. Energy consumption.
- the hardware protection circuit 110 can also be electrically connected to the software protection circuit 120 to detect the state of the software protection circuit 120.
- the hardware protection circuit 110 can detect the state of the software protection circuit 120 by exchanging signals, such as the A, B, and C three-way interaction signals shown in FIG. If the software protection circuit 120 is in an abnormal state such as locking or no action due to interference or other unexpected conditions, the hardware protection circuit 110 can be immediately activated, thereby performing the protection operation by the hardware protection circuit 110 to provide the battery pack 200 with absolute safety. protection.
- the hardware protection circuit 110 detects the state of the software protection circuit 120 through the A, B, and C three-way interaction signals, those skilled in the art can understand that the hardware protection circuit 110 can also use the same.
- An interactive signal or any other interactive signal is used to detect the state of the software protection circuit 120.
- the battery protection circuit of the present invention includes both a hardware protection circuit and a software protection circuit, and the current detection module can be used to detect whether the battery pack is in an active state.
- the hardware protection circuit is used to protect the battery pack, thereby reducing energy consumption; and when the battery pack is in operation, the software protection circuit is used to provide flexible protection for the battery pack.
- the present invention also detects the state of the software protection circuit. When the software protection circuit is in an abnormal state, the hardware protection circuit is turned on to protect the battery pack. Therefore, the battery protection circuit of the present invention can provide relatively safe protection for the battery pack.
Abstract
一种电池保护电路（100）及其方法，用于保护电池组（200）。该电池保护电路（100）包括硬件保护电路（110）、软件保护电路（120）和电流检测电路（130），其中电流检测电路（130）用于侦测电池组（200）是否处于工作状态，当电池组（200）处于非工作状态时，则利用硬件保护电路（110）执行保护操作；而当电池组（200）处于工作状态时，则利用软件保护电路（120）执行保护操作。此外，该硬件保护电路（110）电性连接该软件保护电路（120），以侦测该软件保护电路（120）的状态，当该电池组（200）处于工作状态以利用该软件保护电路（120）执行该保护操作，且该软件保护电路（120）出现异常状态时，则切换至硬件保护电路（110）来执行该保护操作。该电池保护电路（100）及其方法能够减少功耗，并对电池组（200）有较强的保护能力。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及电池管理技术，特别是涉及一种应用于电池管理系统(battery management
system，BMS)的电池保护电路及其方法。
【背景技术】
在电池应用过程中，由于外部意外原因，常会出现威胁到电池安全性的异常情况，例如过度充电、过度放电、过度大电流充放电等等。这些异常情况的出现，会极大地影响电池的使用寿命，甚至导致电池的漏液以及爆炸等严重情况。为了避免这些异常情况的出现，通常会在电池管理系统设置电池保护电路，以保护电池。
目前常用的电池保护电路主要有两种，一种是采用软件方式，其采用软件/MCU来采集电池的电压，并与预定阈值进行比较，然后做出相应的保护动作；而另一种是采用硬件方式，其采用比较器来提供固定的阈值，从而进行比较，然后做出相应的保护动作。
采用软件方式的电池保护电路比较灵活，其保护程序可以多次修改，且预定阈值可以根据不同的电池和需求而进行调整，但是其整体功耗较大，而且容易受到干扰，易出现误动作或者死机，从而无法再提供正常的保护。而采用硬件方式的电池保护电路比较稳定，但是不够灵活，其无法根据客户的实际需求而进行高效的调配以及参数的修改。
此外，为了保证电池安全性，某些电池管理系统中可能设置多个电池保护电路，例如使用两组硬件方式的电池保护电路，或者一个采用软件方式的电池保护电路和一个采用硬件方式的电池保护电路的组合，但是这种冗余保护的情况出现，会极大的增加系统设计的功耗和成本。
因此，为了改善上述问题，迫切需要发展出新的电池保护电路。
【发明内容】
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种电池保护电路，其耗能较少，且保护能力较强。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种电池保护电路，用于保护电池组，该电池保护电路包括：硬件保护电路，该硬件保护电路包括至少一个比较器、参考电压源和第一输出控制模块，该比较器的一输入端电性连接该电池组中的一个电池单元以采集该电池单元的电压，该比较器的另一输入端电性连接该参考电压源以利用该参考电压源所提供的参考电压作为固定阈值，从而比较该电池单元的电压和该固定阈值，以在该比较器的输出端产生相应的比较结果，而该第一输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作；软件保护电路，该软件保护电路包括模拟-数字转换模块、阈值设定模块、逻辑模块和第二输出控制模块，其中模拟-数字转换模块用于采集该电池组中各个电池单元的电压并将其转换为数字信号，该阈值设定模块用于供使用者设定预定的阈值，逻辑模块用于比较该预定的阈值和该数字信号以产生对应的比较结果，而该第二输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作；电流检测电路，该电流检测电路包括检流元件和电流检测模块，其中该电流检测模块与该检流元件并联，以侦测是否有电流流经该检流元件，当该电流检测模块侦测到有电流流经该检流元件时，则该电池组处于工作状态；而当该电流检测模块侦测到无电流流经该检流元件或电流小于设定阈值时，则该电池组处于非工作状态；其中，该电流检测电路用于侦测该电池组是否处于工作状态，当该电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用该硬件保护电路执行保护操作，提供必要保护，并降低功耗；而当该电池组处于工作状态时，则利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作，提供灵活多变的运算和保护方式。
其中，该硬件保护电路电性连接该软件保护电路，以侦测该软件保护电路的状态，当该电池组处于工作状态以利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作，当该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则切换至利用该硬件保护电路来执行该保护操作。
其中，该检流元件为检流电阻、MOS管、电流镜像电路或者电池本身。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种电池保护电路，用于保护电池组。该电池保护电路包括硬件保护电路、软件保护电路和电流检测电路，其中该电流检测电路用于侦测该电池组是否处于工作状态，当该电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用该硬件保护电路执行保护操作；而当该电池组处于工作状态时，则利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作。
其中，该硬件保护电路电性连接该软件保护电路，以侦测该软件保护电路的状态，当该电池组处于工作状态以利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作，当该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则切换至利用该硬件保护电路来执行该保护操作。
其中，该电流检测电路包括检流元件和电流检测模块，其中该电流检测模块与该检流元件并联，以侦测是否有电流流经该检流元件，当该电流检测模块侦测到有电流流经该检流元件时，则该电池组处于工作状态；而当该电流检测模块侦测到无电流流经该检流元件或电流小于设定阈值时，则该电池组处于非工作状态。
其中，该检流元件为检流电阻、MOS管、电流镜像电路或电池本身。
其中，该硬件保护电路包括至少一个比较器、参考电压源和第一输出控制模块，该比较器的一输入端电性连接该电池组中的一个电池单元以采集该电池单元的电压，该比较器的另一输入端电性连接该参考电压源以利用该参考电压源所提供的参考电压作为固定阈值，从而比较该电池单元的电压和该固定阈值，以在该比较器的输出端产生相应的比较结果，而该第一输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作。
其中，该软件保护电路为单片机电路。
其中，该软件保护电路包括模拟-数字转换模块、阈值设定模块、逻辑模块和第二输出控制模块，其中模拟-数字转换模块用于采集该电池组中各个电池单元的电压并将其转换为数字信号，该阈值设定模块用于供使用者设定预定的阈值，逻辑模块用于比较该预定的阈值和该数字信号以产生对应的比较结果，而该第二输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种电池保护方法，适用于电池保护电路以保护电池组。该电池保护电路包括硬件保护电路、软件保护电路和电流检测电路。该电池保护方法包括：利用该电流检测电路侦测该电池组是否处于工作状态；当侦测到该电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用该硬件保护电路执行保护操作；以及当侦测到该电池组处于工作状态时，则利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作。
其中，当侦测到该电池组处于工作状态时，利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作的步骤进一步包括：侦测该软件保护电路是否出现异常状态；当未侦测到该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则继续利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作；以及当侦测到该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则切换至利用该硬件保护电路来执行该保护操作。
本发明的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本发明的电池保护电路既包括硬件保护电路，也包括软件保护电路，且其可以利用电流检测模块来侦测电池组是否处于工作状态。当电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用硬件保护电路来为电池组提供保护，从而减少能耗；而当电池组处于工作状态时，则利用软件保护电路来为电池组提供灵活的保护。此外，本发明还会侦测软件保护电路的状态，当软件保护电路处于异常状态时，则开启硬件保护电路为电池组保护，因此本发明的电池保护电路可为电池组提供比较安全的保护。
【附图说明】
图1为本发明一较佳实施例所揭示的电池保护电路的示意图；
图2为图1所示的硬件保护电路的具体示意图；
图3为图1所示的软件保护电路的具体示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的电池保护电路其具体实施方式、方法、步骤、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如下。有关本发明的前述及其他技术内容、特点及功效，在以下配合参考图式的较佳实施示例的详细说明中将可清楚呈现。通过具体实施方式的说明，当可对本发明为达成预定目的所采取的技术手段及功效得以更加深入且具体的了解，然而所附图式仅是提供参考与说明之用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
图1为本发明一较佳实施例所揭示的电池保护电路的示意图。如图1所示，本发明的电池保护电路100电性连接电池组200，以保护电池组200，其中电池保护电路100包括硬件保护电路110、软件保护电路120和电流检测电路130。
其中，硬件保护电路110是以硬件方式为电池组200提供保护。图2为硬件保护电路110的具体示意图。如图2所示，硬件保护电路110包括多个比较器111、参考电压源112和第一输出控制模块113。其中每个比较器111分别对应于电池组200中的一个对应的电池单元210，且每个比较器111的一输入端电性连接对应的电池单元210的正极，而其另一输入端通过参考电压源112而电性连接对应的电池单元210的负极，其输出端电性连接第一输出控制模块113。也就是说，每个比较器111的一个输入端采集对应的电池单元210的电压，而另一个输入端接收参考电压源112所提供的参考电压VREF，以参考电压作为固定的阈值，从而比较采集的对应电池单元210的电压和作为固定阈值的参考电压VREF以产生相应的结果。第一输出控制模块113接收比较器111的输出端所产生的比较结果从而执行相应的保护动作。此外，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，比较器输入的检测信号可能不是电池电压本身，而是经过其他电流路径后的缓冲电压或衰减电压；参考电压源112可以对电池单元210的负极设计，也可以对电池单元210的正极，或对地，或对其他任何电平设计。
软件保护电路120是以软件方式从而为电池组200提供保护，其可以利用单片机电路而实现。图3为软件保护电路120的具体示意图。如图3所示，软件保护电路120可包括模拟-数字转换模块121、阈值设定模块122、逻辑模块123和第二输出控制模块124。其中模拟-数字转换模块121用于采集电池组200中各个电池单元210的电压并将其转换为数字信号。阈值设定模块122用于供使用者设定预定的阈值，逻辑模块123用于比较阈值设定模块122所设定的预定阈值和模拟-数字转换模块121所产生的数字信号从而产生相应的比较结果，而第二输出控制模块124用于接收逻辑模块123所产生的比较结果从而执行相应的保护动作。
请继续参阅图1，电流检测电路130用于侦测电池组200是否处于工作状态，当电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用硬件保护电路110来执行保护操作；而当电池组处于工作状态时，则利用软件保护电路120来执行保护操作。
具体地，电流检测电路130包括检流元件131和电流检测模块132。在本实施例中，检流元件131可采用检流电阻而实现，且检流电阻131与电流检测模块132并联以利用电流检测模块132侦测是否有电流流经检流元件131。当电流检测模块132侦测到有电流流经检流元件131时，则表示电池组200处于工作状态，此时可激活软件保护电路120执行保护操作从而保护电池组200。而当电流检测模块132侦测到无电流流经检流元件131或电流小于设定阀值时，则表示电池组200处于非工作状态，此时是利用硬件保护电路110执行保护操作从而保护电池组200。此外，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，检流元件131也可以采用MOS管、电流镜像电路或电池本身等器件来实现。
也就是说，在本发明中，当电池组200不工作时，此时利用硬件保护电路110提供一般性的保护即可，而并不需要利用软件保护电路120来提供灵活复杂的保护，由于硬件保护电路110耗能较少，因此在电池组200不工作时(即处于静态模式下)，本发明的电池保护电路100的能耗较少。
而当电池组200工作时，则可激活软件保护电路120来提供灵活复杂的保护，从而可以更好地保护电池组200，此时可关闭硬件保护电路110，从而也可减少电池保护电路100的能耗。
在本发明中，也可以将硬件保护电路110电性连接软件保护电路120以侦测软件保护电路120的状态。其中，硬件保护电路110可通过交换信号，例如图1所示A、B、C三路交互信号来侦测软件保护电路120的状态。如果软件保护电路120由于受干扰或者其他意外情况，出现锁死、无动作等异常状态时，则可立刻启动硬件保护电路110，从而利用硬件保护电路110执行保护操作以为电池组200提供绝对安全的保护。虽然在本实施例中，硬件保护电路110是通过A、B、C三路交互信号来侦测软件保护电路120的状态，但是本领域技术人员可以理解的是，硬件保护电路110也可以用一路交互信号或者其他任意路的交互信号来侦测软件保护电路120的状态。
综上所述，本发明的电池保护电路既包括硬件保护电路，也包括软件保护电路，且其可以利用电流检测模块来侦测电池组是否处于工作状态。当电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用硬件保护电路来为电池组提供保护，从而减少能耗；而当电池组处于工作状态时，则利用软件保护电路来为电池组提供灵活的保护。此外，本发明还会侦测软件保护电路的状态，当软件保护电路处于异常状态时，则开启硬件保护电路为电池组保护，因此本发明的电池保护电路可为电池组提供比较安全的保护。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (12)
- 一种电池保护电路，用于保护电池组，其特征在于：该电池保护电路包括：硬件保护电路，该硬件保护电路包括至少一个比较器、参考电压源和第一输出控制模块，该比较器的一输入端电性连接该电池组中的一个电池单元以采集该电池单元的电压，该比较器的另一输入端电性连接该参考电压源以利用该参考电压源所提供的参考电压作为固定阈值，从而比较该电池单元的电压和该固定阈值，以在该比较器的输出端产生相应的比较结果，而该第一输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作；软件保护电路，该软件保护电路包括模拟-数字转换模块、阈值设定模块、逻辑模块和第二输出控制模块，其中模拟-数字转换模块用于采集该电池组中各个电池单元的电压并将其转换为数字信号，该阈值设定模块用于供使用者设定预定的阈值，逻辑模块用于比较该预定的阈值和该数字信号以产生对应的比较结果，而该第二输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作；电流检测电路，该电流检测电路包括检流元件和电流检测模块，其中该电流检测模块与该检流元件并联，以侦测是否有电流流经该检流元件，当该电流检测模块侦测到有电流流经该检流元件时，则该电池组处于工作状态；而当该电流检测模块侦测到无电流流经该检流元件或电流小于设定阈值时，则该电池组处于非工作状态；其中，该电流检测电路用于侦测该电池组是否处于工作状态，当该电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用该硬件保护电路执行保护操作；而当该电池组处于工作状态时，则利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作。
- 如权利要求1所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该硬件保护电路电性连接该软件保护电路，以侦测该软件保护电路的状态，当该电池组处于工作状态以利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作，当该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则切换至利用该硬件保护电路来执行该保护操作。
- 如权利要求1所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该检流元件为检流电阻、MOS管、电流镜像电路或者电池本身。
- 一种电池保护电路，用于保护电池组，其特征在于：该电池保护电路包括硬件保护电路、软件保护电路和电流检测电路，其中该电流检测电路用于侦测该电池组是否处于工作状态，当该电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用该硬件保护电路执行保护操作；而当该电池组处于工作状态时，则利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作。
- 如权利要求4所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该硬件保护电路电性连接该软件保护电路，以侦测该软件保护电路的状态，当该电池组处于工作状态以利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作，当该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则切换至利用该硬件保护电路来执行该保护操作。
- 如权利要求4所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该电流检测电路包括检流元件和电流检测模块，其中该电流检测模块与该检流元件并联，以侦测是否有电流流经该检流元件，当该电流检测模块侦测到有电流流经该检流元件时，则该电池组处于工作状态；而当该电流检测模块侦测到无电流流经该检流元件或电流小于设定阈值时，则该电池组处于非工作状态。
- 如权利要求6所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该检流元件为检流电阻、MOS管、电流镜像电路或者电池本身。
- 如权利要求4所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该硬件保护电路包括至少一个比较器、参考电压源和第一输出控制模块，该比较器的一输入端电性连接该电池组中的一个电池单元以采集该电池单元的电压，该比较器的另一输入端电性连接该参考电压源以利用该参考电压源所提供的参考电压作为固定阈值，从而比较该电池单元的电压和该固定阈值，以在该比较器的输出端产生相应的比较结果，而该第一输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作。
- 如权利要求4所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该软件保护电路为单片机电路。
- 如权利要求9所述的电池保护电路，其特征在于：该软件保护电路包括模拟-数字转换模块、阈值设定模块、逻辑模块和第二输出控制模块，其中模拟-数字转换模块用于采集该电池组中各个电池单元的电压并将其转换为数字信号，该阈值设定模块用于供使用者设定预定的阈值，逻辑模块用于比较该预定的阈值和该数字信号以产生对应的比较结果，而该第二输出控制模块用于接收该比较结果并执行相应的保护动作。
- 一种电池保护方法，适用于电池保护电路以保护电池组，该电池保护电路包括硬件保护电路、软件保护电路和电流检测电路，其特征在于：该电池保护方法包括：利用该电流检测电路侦测该电池组是否处于工作状态；当侦测到该电池组处于非工作状态时，则利用该硬件保护电路执行保护操作；以及当侦测到该电池组处于工作状态时，则利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作。
- 如权利要求11所述的电池保护方法，其特征在于：当侦测到该电池组处于工作状态时，利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作的步骤进一步包括：侦测该软件保护电路是否出现异常状态；当未侦测到该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则继续利用该软件保护电路执行该保护操作；以及当侦测到该软件保护电路出现异常状态时，则切换至利用该硬件保护电路来执行该保护操作。
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