WO2013104489A1 - Circuit de protection destiné à empêcher le branchement par inadvertance de la sortie cc d'un élément électronique sur une tension alternative et convertisseur ca/cc comprenant ledit circuit de protection - Google Patents

Circuit de protection destiné à empêcher le branchement par inadvertance de la sortie cc d'un élément électronique sur une tension alternative et convertisseur ca/cc comprenant ledit circuit de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013104489A1
WO2013104489A1 PCT/EP2012/075745 EP2012075745W WO2013104489A1 WO 2013104489 A1 WO2013104489 A1 WO 2013104489A1 EP 2012075745 W EP2012075745 W EP 2012075745W WO 2013104489 A1 WO2013104489 A1 WO 2013104489A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
input
output
switching
protection circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/075745
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Quansheng LIU
Junnan HE
Middel TJACCO
Xuewei Dai
Original Assignee
Osram Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Osram Gmbh filed Critical Osram Gmbh
Publication of WO2013104489A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013104489A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters

Definitions

  • PROTECTION CIRCUIT FOR PREVENTING CONNECTION OF THE DC OUTPUT OF AN ELECTRONIC ELEMENT TO AN AC VOLTAGE BY MISTAKE AND AC/DC CONVERTER COMPRISING THE PROTECTION CIRCUIT
  • the present utility model generally relates to the circuit field, and in particular, to a protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mis- take and an AC/DC converter.
  • a protection circuit for preventing output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake which comprises an input portion, an output portion, and a switching circuit portion.
  • the switching circuit portion is coupled between the input portion and the output portion, and is configured to work under the first state in the case where the input portion connects to an input DC voltage, so as to provide the input DC volt- age to the output portion, and is configured to work under the second state in the case where the output portion connects an input AC voltage, so as to prevent the input AC voltage from being transmitted to the input portion.
  • an AC/DC converter which comprises an AC/DC conversion device and a protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake as described above.
  • the input portion of the pro- tection circuit is coupled with the DC output of the AC/DC conversion device.
  • the AC/DC converter is configured to output a DC voltage outwards by the output portion of the protection circuit in a case where the AC input of the AC/DC conversion device connects to an AC voltage, and prevent, in a case where the output portion of the protection circuit connects to an AC voltage, the AC voltage from being transmitted to the DC output of the AC/DC conversion device.
  • a protection circuit for preventing the output from connect- ing to the AC voltage by mistake and an AC/DC converter can achieve at least one of the following advantages: it can avoid the damage to other elements in the circuit which contains the protection circuit caused by the AC voltage input from the output portion of the protection circuit; it can avoid the damage to the AC/DC converter and/or other elements in the circuit which contains the AC/DC converter caused by the AC voltage input from the DC output of the AC/DC conversion device; it can avoid the self ignition of the AC/DC converter caused by the above AC voltage; it can avoid the self ignition and other issues of the protection circuit or other elements in the circuit which contains the AC/DC converter caused by the above AC voltage; and it can reduce the possibility of fire; and so on.
  • Fig.lA is a block diagram schematically showing a structure of the protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • Fig . IB is a schematic diagram of a correct connecting method for the protection circuit as shown in Fig.lA and the AC/DC conversion device 900.
  • Fig.2 is a block diagram schematically showing a possible exemplary structure of the switching circuit portion 130 as shown in Fig.lA.
  • Fig.3 is a block diagram schematically showing an exemplary structure of the switching unit 210 as shown in Fig.2.
  • Fig.4 is a block diagram schematically showing another structure of the protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • Fig.5 is a circuit structure diagram schematically showing an application example of the protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake according to the embodiments of the present utility model .
  • Fig.6 is a block diagram schematically showing an exemplary structure of the AC/DC converter according to the embodiments of the present utility model. Detailed Description of the Embodiments
  • the user may apply the AC voltage to the vacant DC output of the element used for performing an AC/DC conversion.
  • the user intended to apply the AC voltage by the AC input of the element used for performing an AC/DC conversion, convert the AC voltage to obtain DC voltage, and then provide the converted DC voltage to this electronic element.
  • the element used for performing an AC/DC conversion is likely to be damaged by a large AC voltage. This might cause damage to this element and/or other elements in the circuit that con- tains this element, and might also cause serious consequences, such as self ignition of this element or other elements in the circuit containing this element or even disaster of fire because of overheat.
  • said "output connecting to the AC voltage by mistake” means that the AC voltage which was intended to be applied to the AC input of the element used for performing an AC/DC conversion is applied to the DC output of this element by mistake.
  • Fig.lA is a block diagram schematically showing a structure of the protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • the protection circuit 100 comprises an input portion 110, an output portion 120, and a switching circuit portion 130.
  • the switching circuit portion 130 is coupled between the in- put portion 110 and the output portion 120, and is configured to work under the first state in a case where the input portion 110 connects to an input DC voltage, so as to provide the input DC voltage to the output portion 120, and work under the second state in a case where the output portion 120 connects to an input AC voltage, so as to prevent the input AC voltage from being transmitted to the input portion 110.
  • preventing the input AC voltage from being transmitted to the input portion 110 there are a plurality of ways for "preventing the input AC voltage from being transmitted to the input portion 110" .
  • the protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake can be used to solve this problem.
  • Fig. IB by coupling the input portion 110 of the protection circuit 100 as shown in Fig.lA to the DC output of the AC/DC conversion device 900, damage to the elements in the circuit by "the output connecting to AC voltage by mistake" and even disaster of fire can be avoided.
  • the correct operations next would be connecting the interface P2 corresponding to the output portion 120 of the protection circuit 100 to DC terminal of the load M and then applying an AC voltage to the interface PI corresponding to the AC input of the AC/DC conversion device 900. Thereupon the AC voltage is converted into a DC voltage after passing through the AC/DC conversion element, and the DC voltage is provided to the above electronic element after passing through the input portion 110, the switching circuit portion 130 and the output portion 120 of the protection circuit 100. In this case, the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state.
  • the protection circuit 100 and the AC/DC conversion device 900 coupled together are packaged integrally in general, which makes the external interfaces thereof similar.
  • the above external interfaces include the interface PI corresponding to the AC input of the AC/DC conversion device 900 and the interface P2 corresponding to the output portion 120 of the protection circuit 100.
  • Fig. IB when a user tries to apply an AC voltage, correct operations would be coupling the interface P2 to the DC terminal of the load M and then applying an input voltage from the interface PI, while wrong operations may be coupling the interface PI to the DC terminal of the load M and then applying an input AC voltage from the interface P2.
  • the switching circuit portion 130 can be configured in a way which will be described below, so as to realize the above described functions of the switching circuit portion 130.
  • a specific configuration example of the switching circuit portion 130 will be described with reference to Fig .2.
  • Fig.2 is a block diagram schematically showing a possible exemplary structure of the switching circuit portion 130 as shown in Fig.lA according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • the switching circuit portion 130 may comprise a switching unit 210 and an overcurrent breaker unit 220 which has a predetermined breaking current.
  • the switching unit 210 can be coupled with the input portion 110 (not shown)
  • the overcurrent breaker unit 220 can be coupled between the switching unit 210 and the output por- tion 120 (not shown) .
  • the switching unit 210 and the overcurrent breaker unit 220 can be configured to: in a case where the input portion 110 connects to an input DC voltage, cause the current to flow from the input portion 110 to the output portion 120 via the switching unit 210 and the overcurrent breaker unit 220, so as to provide the above DC voltage to the output portion 120.
  • the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 (that is, the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 when the switching circuit portion works under the first state) is lower than the predetermined breaking current of the overcurrent breaker unit 220, and thereby the overcurrent breaker unit 220 would not break .
  • the switching unit 210 can be configured to be unidirectionally switched on in the direction of Vl 0 -V3 0 , that is, the switching unit 210 is a unidirectional switched on element in the direction of Vl 0 -V3 0 . In other words, the switching unit 210 is switched on in the direction of Vl 0 -V3 0 1
  • the voltage be- tween VI 0 and V3 0 being negative means that the potential of Vl 0 is lower than the potential of V3 0 .
  • the above predetermined threshold can be set relatively small, such that the current can readily flow to the output portion 120 via the switching unit 210 when the switching circuit por- tion 130 works under the first state.
  • the switching unit 210 can be configured so that the current would not flow to the input portion 110 via the switching unit 210 when the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state.
  • a first voltage between the two terminals Vl 0 and V2 0 of the switching unit 210 when the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state is known, a first turn-on voltage of the switching unit 210 in the direction of Vl 0 -V2 0 can be set higher than the above first voltage.
  • the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state, because the voltage distributed between the two terminals Vl 0 and V2 0 of the switching unit 210 is lower than the above first turn-on voltage, the switching unit 210 is switched off in the di- rection of Vl 0 -V2 0 , and the current would not flow from the point VI o to the input portion 110 via the switching unit 210 and the point V2 0 .
  • the split-flow of the switching circuit portion 130 can be reduced, thereby reducing the loss of electrical energy.
  • the above first voltage can be obtained through calculation, or through experiments, or obtained empirically.
  • the switching unit 210 and the overcurrent breaker unit 220 can be furthermore configured as follows: in a case where the output portion 120 connects to an input AC voltage, the switching unit 210 breaks the overcurrent breaker unit 220 when the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 is higher than the predetermined breaking current of the overcurrent breaker unit 220, thereby preventing the input AC voltage from being transmitted to the input portion 110, by causing the current flow from the output portion 120, and return to the output portion 120 via the overcurrent breaker unit 220 and the switching unit 210.
  • the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 (that is, the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 when the switching circuit portion works under the second state) is higher than the prede- termined breaking current of the overcurrent breaker unit 220, and thereby causing overcurrent breaker unit 220 break.
  • the switching unit 210 can be configured in a similar way, such that a second turn-on voltage of the switching unit 210 in the direction of V3 0 -V4 0 is lower than the above second voltage.
  • a specific implementation of the overcurrent breaker unit 220 may comprise a fuse.
  • the rated current of the fuse is higher than the current flowing through the fuse in a case where the input portion 110 connects to input DC voltage, and the fusing current of the fuse is lower than the current flowing through the fuse in a case where the output portion 120 connects to an input AC voltage.
  • the fuse is simple to use, small in size, and conveniently repla- cable. The fuse would not consume too much electrical energy when the switching circuit portion works under the first status .
  • the switching unit 210 can be configured in a way which will be described below, so as to perform the above described function.
  • a specific configuration example of the switching unit 210 will be described with reference to Fig.3.
  • Fig.3 is a block diagram schematically showing an exemplary structure of the switching unit 210 as shown in Fig.2 according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • the switching unit 210 may comprise a first switching module 310, a second switching module 320 and a reverse cut-off module 330.
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 is coupled with the input portion 110 (not shown)
  • the first switching module 310 and the second switching module 320 are respectively coupled between the reverse cut-off module 330 and the overcurrent breaker unit 220 (not shown) .
  • the first switching module 310, the second switching module 320 and the reverse cut-off module 330 can be configured as follows: in a case where the input portion 110 connects to an input DC voltage, the reverse cut-off module 330 is switched on by the input DC voltage, the current flows to the output portion 120 from the input portion 110 via the reverse cut-off module 330 and the overcurrent breaker unit 220, and the first switching module 310 and the second switching module 320 are cut off.
  • the first switching module 310 may have a first switching-on voltage
  • the second switching module 320 may have a second switching-on voltage
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 may have a third switching-on voltage.
  • the first switching module 310 is unidirectionally conductive in the direction of V7 0 -V8 0
  • the second switching module 320 is unidirectionally switched on in the direction of V10 0 -V9 0
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 is unidirectionally switched on in the direction of V5 0 -V6 0 .
  • the descriptions will be conducted in combination with the above first, second and third switching-on voltages. Needless to say, the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to these. Those skilled in the art can configure the circuit variously according to specific conditions, and design various corresponding property parameters with respect to various circuit components in cases of different circuit configure, specific details omitted here.
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 can be configured so that the voltage drop between the points V5 0 and V6 0 is higher than the third threshold voltage of the reverse cut-off module 330 in a case where the input portion 110 connects to an input DC voltage, thereby the current could flow to the output portion 120 via the reverse cut-off module 330.
  • the terminal voltage between V7 0 and V8 0 of the first switching module 310 can be set lower than the first switching-on voltage of the first switching module 310 such that the first switching module 310 is in a cut-off state, and the terminal voltage between V10 0 and V9 0 of the second switching module 320 can be set negative such that the second switching module 320 is also in a cut-off state.
  • the current flowing through the switching unit 210 configured as above in a case where the input portion 110 connects to an input DC voltage, i.e., the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first status, only flows through the reverse cutoff module 330 of the switching unit 210 rather than the first switching module 310 and the second switching module 320 of the switching unit 210. Therefore, by configuring the switching unit 210 in the way as above, the electrical energy consumed in a case where the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state would be reduced.
  • the first switching module 310, the second switching module 320 and the reverse cut-off module 330 can fur- thermore be configured as follows: in a case where the output portion 120 connects to an input AC voltage, when the input AC voltage is in the positive half cycle of the AC voltage, the reverse cut-off module 330 is cut off, the first switching module 310 is switched on, the second swit- ching module 320 is cut off, and the current flows from the output portion 120, through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 and the first switching module 310, and back to the output portion 120, such that the overcurrent breaker unit 220 breaks .
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 can be configured to have the above third switching-on voltage, such that the reverse cut-off module 330 would be in the cut-off state when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in , _.
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 is unidirectionally switched on in the direction of V5 0 -V6 0 , and the voltage drop between the points V5 0 and V6 0 is negative when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in the positive half cycle of the AC voltage, the reverse cut-off module 330 is in the cut-off state and the current can not flow to the input portion 110 via the reverse cut-off module 330.
  • the first switching module 310 can be configured to have the above first switching-on voltage, such that the voltage drop between the points V7 0 and V8 0 would be higher than the above first switching-on voltage when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in the positive half cycle of the AC voltage, therefore the first switching module 310 is switched on. In this way, the current introduced from the output portion 120 can flow back to the output portion 120 via the point V7 0 , the first switching module 310, and V8 0 .
  • the second switching module 320 can be config- ured to have the above second switching-on voltage, such that the second switching module 320 would be in the cut-off state when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in the positive half cycle of the AC voltage. Because the second switching module 320 is unidirectionally switched on in the direction of V10 0 -V9 0 , and the voltage drop between the points V10 0 and V9 0 is negative when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in the positive half cycle of the AC voltage, the second switching module 320 is in the cut-off state and there is no current flowing between V10 0 and V9 0 .
  • the current introduced from the output por- tion 120 can only flow back to the output portion 120 via the overcurrent breaker unit 220 and then along the first switching module 310 (namely along the branch of V7 0 -V8 0 ) , but can not flow back to the output portion 120 via the sec- ond switching module 320 or flow to the input portion 110 via the reverse cut-off module 330.
  • the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is usually large, and the introduced current is also large, therefore, the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 in this case is often well above the predetermined breaking current thereof, which causes a break of the overcurrent breaker unit 220. Therefore, the current flowing through the switching unit 210 is cut off, that is, the current flowing from the output portion 120 to the input portion 110 is stopped, which protects other devices that is connected with the input portion 110.
  • the first switching module 310, the second switching module 320 and the reverse cut-off module 330 can furthermore be configured as follows: in a case where the out- put portion 120 connects to an input AC voltage, when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in the negative half cycle of the AC voltage, the first switching module 310 is switched off, the second switching module 320 is switched on, and the current flows from the output portion 120, through the second switching module 320 and the over- current breaker unit 220, and back to the output portion 120, such that the overcurrent breaker unit 220 breaks.
  • the voltage drop between the points V7 0 and V8 0 is negative and the first switching module 310 is unidirection- ally switched on in the direction of V7 0 -V8 0 , so the first switching module 310 is in a cut-off state.
  • the voltage drop between the points V10 0 and V9 0 is higher than the above second switching-on voltage, the sec- ond switching module 320 is in a switched-on state.
  • the current flowing through the reverse cut-off module 330 at this time can be considered to be 0.
  • the current flowing through the overcurrent breaker unit 220 in this case is often well above the predetermined breaking current thereof, which causes a break of the overcurrent breaker unit 220.
  • the current flowing through the switching unit 210 is cut off, that is, the current flowing from the output portion 120 to the input portion 110 is stopped, which protects other devices connected with the input portion 110.
  • Fig.4 is a block diagram schematically showing another structure of the protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • the protection circuit 400 may further include an error indicating portion 140 in addition to the input portion 110, the output portion 120 and the switching circuit por- tion 130.
  • the error indicating portion 140 can be configured to emit an error indicating signal in a case where the output portion 120 connects to an input AC voltage.
  • the input portion 110, the output portion 120 and the switching circuit portion 130 contained by the protection circuit 400 as shown in Fig.4 have the same structures and functions as the corresponding portions contained by the protection circuit 100 as shown in Fig.lA, with a similar operation principle, thus a description thereof are omitted herein.
  • the error indicating portion 140 can be coupled between the switching circuit portion 130 and output portion 120.
  • the error indicating portion 140 can be configured to realize the following functions: in the case where the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state, namely in a case where a the input portion 110 connects an input DC voltage, the error indicating portion 140 is cut off and would not emit any error indicating signal; in the case where the switching circuit portion 130 works under the second state, namely in the case where the output portion 120 connects an input AC voltage, the error indicating portion 140 is driven by the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 to emit an error indicating signal.
  • the error indicating portion 140 can be con- 1
  • the error indicating portion 140 would be switched on and emit an error indicating signal when the voltage drop between Bl-Al is higher than the fourth switch- ing-on voltage, and would be switched off and would not emit any signal when the voltage drop between Bl-Al is lower than the fourth switching-on voltage or when the voltage drop between Bl-Al is negative (namely the potential of point Al is higher than the potential of point Bl) .
  • other components of the protection circuit 400 except the error indicating portion 140 operate in the same way as the corresponding portions contained by the protection circuit 100 as shown in Fig.lA, and the description thereof is omitted herein .
  • the error indicating portion 140 can be triggered by the introduced AC voltage to emit an error indicating signal .
  • Fur- thermore while in a case where the input portion 110 connects to an input DC voltage, the error indicating portion 140 is switched off, which means that there is no current flowing inside the error indicating portion 140, it would not emit any error indicating signal.
  • the user can determine whether the operations are correct by the presence and absence of the error indicating signal, and thereby perform some further operations to solve any present problem when the error indicating portion 140 emits an error indicating signal. Therefore, the damage to the elements in the circuit can be avoided, and the fire accident is less likely to occur. Meanwhile, the operations become more convenient and efficient, and also the user friendliness is raised . 2
  • the error indicating portion 140 may include an LED (Light Emitting Diode) .
  • LED Light Emitting Diode
  • the anode of the LED may be set close to Bl, and the cathode thereof may be set close to Al .
  • the error indicating portion 140 may further comprise a current limiting resistor (for example, the resistor R2 shown in Fig.5) , wherein the current limiting resistor is connected in series with the LED.
  • a current limiting resistor for example, the resistor R2 shown in Fig.5
  • VIi n is the high-potential terminal of the input portion 110
  • V2i n is the low-potential terminal of the input portion 110
  • Vl out is the high-potential terminal of the output portion 120
  • V2 out is the low-potential terminal of the output portion 120.
  • the resistance value of the current limiting resistor can be set to limit the current flowing the branch Al-Bl.
  • the resistance value of the current limiting resistor empiri- cally, or through experiments, and the specific details are omitted herein. In this way, in a case where the LED is under reverse bias and not reverse breakdown, this LED would not emit any optical signal and the switching circuit por- tion 130 works under the first state at this time. It indicates that in this case there occurs no wrong operation described above.
  • the switching-on voltage of the LED is usually small (ordinarily the voltage assigned to the LED by the voltage drop between the points Vl out and V2 out is sufficient to switch on the LED)
  • the LED emits an optical signal as an error indicating signal to warn the user that the power supply or the input voltage has been connected incorrectly.
  • the protection circuit 500 includes an input portion 110, a switching circuit portion 130, an error indicating portion 140 and an output portion 120.
  • the switching circuit portion 130 includes a switching unit 210 and an overcurrent breaker unit 220, and the switching unit 210 includes a first switching module 310, a second switching module 320 and a reverse cut-off module 330.
  • the reverse cut-off module 330 is implemented by a single first diode Dl, wherein the first diode Dl may be ans ordinary diode, such as an FR07 diode .
  • the first switching module 310 can be implemented by a first resistor Rl for limiting the current, a second diode D2 , a zener diode D4 and a triode Tl which are coupled with each other, as shown in Fig.5.
  • the type of the second diode D2 may be 1N4007.
  • the zener diode D4 may have a rated power of 0.5W and a switching-on voltage of 68V, for example.
  • the triode Tl for example, may be an ordinary NPN triode.
  • the resistance value of the first resistor Rl may be between 10kQ ⁇ 33 kQ, and may preferably be 15kQ.
  • the first resistor Rl with a resistance value of 15kQ has a large voltage distributed in the circuit, and can make the switching on of the branch it locates fast.
  • the second switching module 320 can be implemented by a single third diode D3 , wherein the type of the third diode D3 may be 1N4007, for example.
  • the overcurrent breaker unit 220 may be implemented by a fuse f.
  • a fuse f For example, if the current flowing the fuse f when the switching circuit portion 130 works under the first state is 2A, a copper fuse with a rated current of 2.5A and a fusing current of 5A can be used as the overcurrent breaker unit 220.
  • the error indicating portion 140 may be implemented by a LED D5 and a second resistor R2 connected in se- ries with each other, as shown in Fig.5.
  • the LED D5 can be an ordinary LED.
  • the function of the second resistor R2 is limiting the current, i.e., limiting the current of the branch where the second resistor R2 locates, to prevent the 2
  • the resistance value of the second resistor R2 may be 150 kQ or other value between 50kQ and 200kQ.
  • the anode of the first diode Dl functions as the high-potential end of the input portion of the protection circuit 500.
  • the cathode of the first diode Dl is connected with the cathode of the zener diode D4 , the anode of the second diode D2 , the cathode of the third diode D3 and one terminal of the fuse f .
  • the other terminal of the fuse f functions as the high-potential end of the output portion of the protection circuit.
  • the anode of the zener diode D4 is connected with the base of the triode Tl and one terminal of the first resistor Rl .
  • the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the collector of the triode Tl .
  • the other terminal of the first resistor, the emitter of the triode Tl and the anode of the third diode D3 are connected with each other and lead out two terminals therefrom as the low-potential end of the input portion and the low-potential end of the output portion of the protection circuit respectively .
  • the protection circuit 500 may further include an error indicating portion 140.
  • the error indicating portion 140 may include the LED D5 and the second resistor R2 connected in series with each other.
  • the cathode of the LED D5 may be coupled with the other terminal of the fuse f .
  • the anode of the LED D5 may be coupled with the one terminal of the second resistor R2.
  • the other terminal of the second resistor R2 may be coupled with the anode of the third diode D3.
  • LED D5 can be configured as follows: in a case where the output portion 120 con- nects to an input AC voltage, when the input AC voltage is in the negative half cycle of the AC voltage, the LED D5 emits an optical signal as the error indicating signal .
  • the input portion 110 of the pro- tection circuit 500 can be coupled with the DC output of the device or system having a DC output, so as to prevent the AC voltage from being applied to the DC output and to avoid the damage to the device or system and fires.
  • the voltage applied between the two terminals Vl 110 and V2 110 can be for example DC 12V, 24V or 48V, etc.
  • the first diode Dl is switched on, the zener diode D4 is in a cut-off state since the terminal voltage thereof is lower than its switch- ing-on voltage, causing the triode Tl and the second diode D2 both to be cut off, and the third diode D3 is in a cutoff state because of being under reverse bias. Therefore, the current flows to the output portion 120 via the first diode Dl and the overcurrent breaker unit 220, i.e. the fuse.
  • the error indicating portion 140 (herein, the error indicating portion 140 include the LED D5 and the second diode D2) is preferably included, as shown in Fig.5, the LED D5 is also in a cut-off state be- cause of being under reverse bias and thereby emit no light. At this time, the user finds that the LED D5 does not emit any optical signal, and therefore determine that the operations heretofore are correct and thereby determine that the device or system works stably and it's less likely to cause fire. It is to be noted that, the error indicating portion 140 is optional but not critical. It could be determined whether to provide the error indicating portion 140 according to requirements in practical use. Hereinafter, descrip-die _.
  • the protection circuit 500 When the user tries to apply an AC voltage from the output portion 120 of the protection circuit 500, the protection circuit 500 would cut off the current flowing from the out- put portion 120 to the input portion 110.
  • the applied AC voltage may be 220V.
  • the LED D5 when the AC voltage input from the output portion 120 is in positive half cycle of the AC voltage, that is, when the point Vl 12 o is the high-potential end and the point V2 12 o is the low-potential end, the LED D5 would be in a cut-off state and emit no light because of being under reverse bias, and the third diode D3 would also be in a cutoff state because of being under reverse bias. Furthermore, in this situation, since the assigned voltage of the zener diode D4 is higher than its switching-on voltage of 60V and the second diode D2 is under forward bias, therefore, the zener diode D4 , the second diode D2 and the triode Tl are all switched on.
  • the first diode Dl is in a cutoff state because of being under reverse bias. Therefore, the current would instantly flow from the high-potential end VI120 of the output portion 120, via the overcurrent breaker unit 220 (i.e. the fuse) and the first switching module 310 (that is, the zener diode D4 , the second diode D2 , the triode Tl and the first resistor Rl) , and back to the low- potential end V2 120 of the output portion 120.
  • the fuse fuses namely the overcurrent breaker unit 220 breaks.
  • the LED D5 is under forward bias and switched on.
  • the current output from the terminal V2i 2 o of the output portion 120 would flow back to the terminal V2i 2 o of the output portion 120 via the second resistor R2 and the LED D5 only, enabling the LED D5 to emit an optical signal.
  • the LED D5 would emit or not emit the optical signal alternately. Therefore, according to the above situation of emitting light alternately by the LED D5, the user can determine that there has been a wrong operation, that is, an AC voltage has been applied to the output portion 120 of the protection circuit by mistake. Thus, the user can subsequently carry out some remedial measures, such as applying the AC voltage to the AC input portion of the device or system coupled with the input portion 110 of the protection circuit 500, and replacing the fuse in the protection circuit 500.
  • the current will mainly flow through the second switching module 320, but hardly through the first switching module 310. This is because compared to the exter- nal branch coupled with the input portion 110, the branch where the second switching module 320 locates has a much smaller impedance, therefore the current flowing through the first switching module 310 and the above external branch can be omitted.
  • the fuse fuses.
  • the LED D5 emits an optical signal, no matter whether the fuse fuses or not.
  • the subsequent situation of the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle of the AC voltage alternating is similar to that described above and is omitted herein.
  • another embodiment of the present utility model further provides an AC/DC converter which comprises an AC/DC conversion device and a protection circuit for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake as described above in combination with Figs.1-5, wherein the input portion of the protection circuit is coupled with the DC output portion of the above AC/DC conversion device.
  • Fig .6 shows a block diagram of an exemplary structure of the AC/DC converter according to the embodiments of the present utility model.
  • the AC/DC converter 600 comprises a protection circuit 601 for preventing the output from connecting to the AC voltage by mistake and an AC/DC conversion device 602.
  • the input portion (not shown) of the protection circuit 601 is coupled with the DC output of the AC/DC conversion device 602.
  • the AC/DC converter 600 is configured as follows: in a case where an AC voltage is applied to the AC input of the AC/DC conversion device 602, a DC voltage would be output outwards from the output portion of the protection circuit 601; and in a case where an AC voltage is applied to the output portion of the protection circuit 601, this AC voltage is prevented from being transmitted to the DC input of the AC/DC conversion device 602.
  • the protection circuit 601 may have a structure of any protection circuit as de- scribed above in combination with Figs.1-5 and the same functions, and achieve the same effects, specific descriptions omitted here.
  • the output portion of the protection circuit 601 can be used for providing driving energy for a light emitter.
  • relational terms such as “left” and “right”, “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from the other entity or operation, but not necessarily demand or imply that there is actual relation or order among those entities and operations.
  • the terms “including” , “containing” , or any other variations thereof means a non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only these elements but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent in the process, method, article or device.
  • the element defined by the wording "include (s) a " does not exclude the case that in the process, method, article or device that in- eludes the element there are other same elements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un circuit de protection destiné à empêcher le branchement par inadvertance de la sortie CC d'un élément électronique tel qu'un dispositif de conversion CA/CC, sur une tension alternative. Ledit circuit de protection comprend une partie d'entrée destinée à être mise en contact avec la sortie CC du dispositif électronique, une partie de sortie et une partie de circuit de commutation montée entre la partie d'entrée et la partie de sortie. La partie de circuit de commutation est conçue pour transmettre une tension continue de la partie d'entrée à la partie de sortie. Le circuit de commutation est en outre conçu pour empêcher la transmission d'une tension alternative vers la partie d'entrée quand la partie de sortie est branchée par inadvertance sur une tension alternative. Un convertisseur CA/CC selon l'invention comprend un dispositif de conversion CA/CC et ledit circuit de protection. La technique selon l'invention permet d'éviter l'endommagement des éléments lors du branchement par inadvertance de la partie de sortie sur une tension alternative et d'éviter l'incendie qui ainsi provoqué.
PCT/EP2012/075745 2012-01-09 2012-12-17 Circuit de protection destiné à empêcher le branchement par inadvertance de la sortie cc d'un élément électronique sur une tension alternative et convertisseur ca/cc comprenant ledit circuit de protection WO2013104489A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201220006910.7U CN203027126U (zh) 2012-01-09 2012-01-09 防止输出端误接交流的保护电路和交流/直流转换设备
CN201220006910.7 2012-01-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013104489A1 true WO2013104489A1 (fr) 2013-07-18

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WO (1) WO2013104489A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019149378A1 (fr) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-08 Pierburg Pump Technology Gmbh Unité auxiliaire automotrice dotée d'une unité de protection électronique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103715970B (zh) * 2014-01-22 2016-05-25 浙江禾川科技股份有限公司 一种变频器电机驱动电路及变频器
CN108040395A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-15 黄焕珠 一种宽电压高亮度的直流led照明灯
CN110536507B (zh) * 2019-07-30 2022-03-08 西安稳先半导体科技有限责任公司 一种应急灯驱动控制电路
CN110460031B (zh) * 2019-08-07 2021-11-30 中国电子科技集团公司第五十二研究所 一种直流供电接口的交流电接入防护电路

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EP1887672A1 (fr) * 2006-03-27 2008-02-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Appareil inverseur de liaison systeme

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1887672A1 (fr) * 2006-03-27 2008-02-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Appareil inverseur de liaison systeme

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019149378A1 (fr) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-08 Pierburg Pump Technology Gmbh Unité auxiliaire automotrice dotée d'une unité de protection électronique
US11451045B2 (en) 2018-02-05 2022-09-20 Pierburg Pump Technology Gmbh Automotive auxiliary unit with an electronic protection unit

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