WO2013100488A1 - Hot water supply apparatus and hot water supply method - Google Patents
Hot water supply apparatus and hot water supply method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013100488A1 WO2013100488A1 PCT/KR2012/011191 KR2012011191W WO2013100488A1 WO 2013100488 A1 WO2013100488 A1 WO 2013100488A1 KR 2012011191 W KR2012011191 W KR 2012011191W WO 2013100488 A1 WO2013100488 A1 WO 2013100488A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ejection
- temperature
- hot water
- opening
- heater
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 351
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
- F24H15/175—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature where the difference between the measured temperature and a set temperature is kept under a predetermined value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/305—Control of valves
- F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/269—Time, e.g. hour or date
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot water supply apparatus and a hot water supply method, and more particularly, to a direct-type hot water supply apparatus and a direct-type hot water supply method for rapidly dispensing hot water.
- a hot water supply apparatus used in water purifiers, or the like may be classified as a water tank-type hot water supply apparatus in which a heater is installed in a water tank or a direct-type hot water supply apparatus in which water is heated by using a heater whenever necessary.
- the water tank-type hot water supply apparatus filters room temperature water supplied from a water supply with a filter, or the like, to obtain purified water appropriate for drinking, heats the purified water stored in a water tank, and supplies the heated water to a user.
- the water tank-type hot water supply apparatus includes a purified water tank storing filtered purified water in a room temperature state and a hot water tank storing hot water heated to a certain temperature. It may be configured such that the purified water is supplied to the hot water tank and heated by a heater installed in the hot water tank to be hot water.
- the temperature of water in the water tank should be maintained at a pre-set temperature, regardless of whether or not hot water is used, consuming standby power, and since the hot water tank should be further provided, sufficient space may be required. Also, in terms of the characteristics of water having high specific heat, a standby time as long as tens of seconds to a few minutes is required.
- An aspect of the present invention provides a direct-type hot water supply apparatus and a direct-type hot water supply method for rapidly dispensing hot water.
- a hot water supply apparatus including: a heater heating introduced water by a heater heating capacity; an ejection valve adjusting an amount of water ejected from the heater; a temperature sensor measuring an ejection temperature of ejected water; and a controller proportionally controlling a degree of opening of the ejection valve according to a temperature difference between the ejection temperature and a target temperature.
- the controller may calculate a variation in the ejection temperature value and adjust the degree of opening of the ejection valve according to the calculated variation.
- the hot water supply apparatus may further include: a voltage detection unit detecting a supply voltage supplied from a power source, wherein the controller may calculate the heater heating capacity by using the supply voltage and set a degree of opening of the ejection valve by using the heater heating capacity and the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature.
- the voltage detection unit may detect the supply voltage.
- the voltage detection unit may convert the supply voltage input as an AC (alternating current) into a DC (direct current) voltage, and quantize the converted DC voltage to detect a magnitude of the supply voltage.
- the controller may set a proportional factor corresponding to the heat heating capacity, and set a degree of opening of the ejection valve such that it is proportional to the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and a target temperature.
- the controller may maintain a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated, for a first pre-set period of time.
- the controller may maintain a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated, for a second pre-set period of time.
- a hot water supply method including: an initial eject operation of setting an initial degree of opening of an ejection valve adjusting an eject amount of water ejected from a heater and opening the ejection valve by the pre-set degree of opening, when a hot water supply signal is input; and an eject control operation of adjusting an ejection temperature of water ejected from the heater to reach a target temperature by proportionally controlling a degree of opening of the eject value according to a temperature difference between the ejection temperature and a target temperature.
- the initial eject operation may further include: a heater heating capacity calculation operation of measuring a supply voltage supplied from a power source and calculating the heater heating capacity by using the supply voltage.
- the heater heating capacity may be calculated by measuring the supply voltage.
- an AC supply voltage supplied from the power source may be converted into a DC voltage, and the converted DC voltage may be quantized to measure a magnitude of the supply voltage.
- a variation of the ejection temperature value may be calculated, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be adjusted according to the calculated variation.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated may be maintained for a first pre-set period of time.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated may be maintained for a second pre-set period of time.
- hot water having a target temperature desired by a user can be provided during an initial ejection time.
- hot water having accurate target temperature can be dispensed. Also, since a heater heating capacity is calculated by directly measuring a voltage applied to the heater, hot water having a target temperature desired by a user can be provided even internationally, where the magnitudes of voltages of commercial AC power are different.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an initial ejection operation of the hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are graphs showing an ejection temperature of water ejected from the hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hot water supply apparatus may include a heater 10, an ejection valve 20, a temperature sensor 31, an injection temperature sensor 32, and a controller 40.
- the heater 10 may heat introduced water by a heater heating capacity.
- the heater heating capacity relating to power consumption of the heater 10, may be represented by watts (W).
- the heater 10 may uniformly heat introduced water by pre-set heater heating capacity.
- a quantity of heat the introduced water receives from the heater 10 may be proportional to the heater heating capacity and a time (or a period of time) during which water is heated by the heater 10.
- a quantity of heat the introduced water receives from the heater 10 may be proportional to a period of time during which the water is heated by the heater 10.
- the period of time during which the introduced water is heated by the heater 10 may be determined according to a time required for the introduced water to be ejected from the heater through the ejection valve 20, and thus, the heating time may be adjusted according to a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20.
- An ON or OFF operation of the heater 10 may be controlled by the controller 40, and when a hot water dispensing signal is input, the controller 40 may turn on the heater 10 to heat introduced water by the heater heating capacity.
- the heater heating capacity may not be uniformly maintained.
- a voltage distributed to the heater 10 may be varied according to the voltage variation of the commercial AC power source, which may lead to a variation in the heater heating capacity.
- the voltage variation of the commercial AC power source is admitted as an allowable error range so a difference in the heater heating capacity based on the voltage variation may not be considered.
- a heating time is short, like that of a direct-type hot water supply apparatus, and it is required to supply hot water having an accurate target temperature, an error due to the voltage variation of the commercial AC power source may be required to be considered.
- a voltage detection unit for detecting a magnitude of a supply voltage supplied by the commercial AC power source namely, a power source
- a heating time with respect to water introduced into the heater 10 may be set in consideration of heater heating capacity based on a magnitude of a supply voltage measured by the voltage detection unit.
- the voltage detection unit may perform half-wave rectification, smoothing, and voltage drop on the AC voltage supplied from the power source to convert it into DC voltage, and quantizes an analog value of the DC voltage by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to thus obtain the supply voltage value.
- ADC analog-to-digital converter
- a supply voltage supplied from the power source may be varied from 198V to 253V due to voltage variation, and the voltage detection unit may divide the voltage range by 10V intervals and measure the supply voltage by any one of 200V, 210V, 220V, 230V, 240V, and 250V.
- the controller 40 may calculate heater heating capacity based on the respective measured supply voltages, and set a degree of opening or closing of the ejection valve 20.
- the voltage detection unit may detect the voltage supply only at a pre-set time interval or only when a hot water dispensing signal is input.
- the heater heating capacity may be calculated, so a current detection unit detecting a supply current supplied from the power source, instead of the voltage detection unit, may also be utilized.
- the ejection valve 20 may adjust an amount of water ejected from the heater 10. As discussed above, by adjusting an ejection amount of water ejected from the heater 10, a period of time during which water introduced into the heater 10 is heated in the heater 10 may be adjusted. In detail, as the ejection valve 20 is more open, a time for heating the introduced water by the heater 10 may be shortened, and as the ejection value 20 is reduced, a time for heating the introduced water by the heater 10 may be lengthened. Thus, the controller 40 may control a temperature of water ejected from the heater 10 to be a target temperature by adjusting the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20.
- the ejection valve 20 may adjust the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 by adjusting a size of a sectional area of an open flow channel or an opening time of the ejection valve 20 according to a control signal from the controller 40.
- the ejection valve 20 may include a flow channel blocking unit such as a disk, or the like, to block a portion or the entirety of the flow channel along which water is dispensed from the heater 10.
- a flow channel blocking unit such as a disk, or the like
- an amount of water ejected from the heater 10 per unit area may be adjusted.
- the ejection valve 20 may adjust an amount of water ejected from the heater 10 per unit time by periodically repeatedly opening and closing the ejection valve 20 within a short time, and the periodical opening and closing of the ejection valve 20 may be implemented by pulse width modulation (PWM).
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the ejection valve 20 receives a control signal having a form of a pulse having a predetermined period transmitted by the controller 40, and when a pulse is high, the ejection valve 20 is open, and when a pulse is low, the ejection valve 20 may be closed.
- the ejection valve may eject a larger amount of water per unit time from the heater 10.
- an amount of ejected water per unit time i.e., an ejection speed of water introduced into the heater 10 may be determined by using the ejection valve 20.
- an ejection speed of water introduced into the heater 10 may be determined by using the ejection valve 20.
- a period of time during which water introduced into the heater 10 is heated in the heater 10 is reduced, so a temperature of water ejected from the heater 10 may be lowered.
- the ejection speed is reduced, a period of time during which water introduced into the heater 10 remains within the heater 10 is increased, so that a heating time of the water introduced by the heater 10 is increased and a temperature of water obtained from the heater is increased.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be successively adjusted from a fully degree of opening to a completely shutoff degree or the degree of opening may be set according to a pre-set number of stages.
- the degree of opening may be divided into four stages from a fully degree of opening to a completely shutoff degree. Namely, a first stage may be a complete shutoff, a second stage may be 1/3 open, a third stage may be 2/3 open, and a fourth stage may be completely open.
- the ejection valve 20 may set the degree of opening by a pre-set number of stages by using a stepping motor.
- the ejection valve 20 may have an initial degree of opening set to control an ejection temperature at an initial ejection as the target temperature. Namely, in order to dispense water having a target temperature starting from when water is obtained from the heater 10, and an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be set by the controller 40.
- the temperature sensor 31 may measure an ejection temperature of ejected water. As the temperature sensor 31, any temperature may be utilized as long as it can measure a temperature of water. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the temperature sensor 31 may be provided between the ejection valve 20 and the heater 10. Thus, when the ejection valve 20 is completely shut off, an ejection temperature measured by the temperature sensor 31 may be a temperature of water stored in the heater 10.
- the hot water supply apparatus may further include an injection temperature sensor 32.
- the injection temperature sensor 32 may measure an inflow temperature of water flowing into the heater 10. The measured inflow temperature may be used to set an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 afterwards.
- the controller may operate the heater 10, and in order to eject water having the target temperature starting from the initial water ejection, the controller 40 may set an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20.
- an ejection temperature measured by the temperature sensor 31 may be equal to a temperature of water stored in the heater 10.
- the most appropriate degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be obtained experimentally. Namely, a pre-set degree of opening may be set as an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the measured ejection temperature, whereby water close to the target temperature can be ejected starting from the initial water ejection.
- the controller 40 may measure a usage waiting time between the last water ejection time and a next water ejection time, and set the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the usage waiting time and the ejection temperature. Namely, the controller 40 may set the initial degree of opening in consideration of the usage waiting time as well as the ejection temperature.
- the controller 40 may receive an inflow temperature of water injected to the heater 10, and calculate an ejection amount of water to be ejected from the heater by using the received inflow temperature, the heater heating capacity, and the target temperature. Thus, the controller 40 may set the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 by using the calculated ejection amount.
- the controller 40 may calculate an initial ejection amount of water ejected from the heater 10 by using equation , and may set an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the calculated ejection amount. Namely, the controller 40 may set the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 more accurately upon receiving the inflow temperature from the injection temperature sensor 32.
- V is a volume of ejected water
- w heater heating capacity of the heater 10
- c is a specific heat of water
- ⁇ density of water
- ⁇ t is a heating time
- T 1 is a target temperature
- T 2 is an inflow temperature.
- the controller 40 may control a degree of opening of the ejection valve according to a change in the ejection temperature value.
- a temperature of water flowing into the heater 10 may be increased in proportion to the heater heating capacity and a heating time by the heater 10.
- the controller 40 may control the heating time during which the introduced water is heated by the heater by adjusting the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20.
- the controller 40 may control a temperature of water ejected from the heater 10 such that it is the target temperature by adjusting the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the ejection temperature measured by the temperature sensor 31.
- the controller 40 may obtain a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature and control a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 such that the degree of opening is proportional to the difference. Namely, when the ejection temperature is higher than the target temperature, the controller 40 may open the ejection valve by a degree proportional to the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature, and when the ejection temperature is lower than the target temperature, the controller 40 may shut off the ejection valve by a degree proportional to the difference between the target temperature and the ejection temperature.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be set by using a proportional expression generated according to the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature or by using a table created experimentally according to the ejection temperature.
- the heater heating capacity of the heater 10 may be varied by a voltage variation of the commercial AC power source.
- the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 is set in consideration of even a change in the heater heating capacity due to a voltage variation of the commercial AC power source.
- the heater 10 may further include a voltage detection unit detecting a supply voltage supplied from the power source, and the controller 40 may obtain the heater heating capacity from the supply voltage.
- a heater voltage value actually applied to the heater 10 may be obtained from the supply voltage, and an actual heater heating capacity of the heater 10 may be calculated by using the heater voltage.
- the controller 40 may use the actual calculated heater heating capacity. Namely, although the ejection temperature is the same, if the measured heater heating capacity is different, the initial degree of opening may be differed, and the most appropriate degree of opening of the ejection valve 10 may be experimentally obtained according to the ejection temperature at the initial water ejection time and the measured heater heating capacity. Thus, the degree of opening set according to the measured ejection temperature and heater heating capacity may be set as an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20, whereby water close to the target temperature can be ejected starting from the initial water ejection time.
- an initial ejection amount V of water ejected from the heater 10 may be calculated by substituting the actually calculated heater heating capacity to the heater heating capacity w in the above equation .
- the heater heating capacity may be calculated based on a voltage actually applied to the heater 10, based on which an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 is adjusted, whereby the temperature can be more accurately adjusted.
- the controller 40 may utilize the actually calculated heater heating capacity to adjust a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to a change in the ejection temperature value.
- a proportional factor in proportion to the heater heating capacity may be set, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve 40 may be set in proportion to a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be set by using a proportional expression generated according to the heater heating capacity and the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature or by using a table created experimentally according to the heater heating capacity and the ejection temperature.
- a supply voltage measured by the voltage detection unit may be quantized to 200V, 210V, 220V, 230V, 240V, and 250V, and there may be a proportional factor previously set according to each supply voltage value.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be adjusted by using the proportional factor and the ejection temperature.
- the proportional factor may be experimentally obtained.
- the controller 40 directly calculates the heater heating capacity based on the supply voltage measured by the voltage detection unit, so it can perform controlling according to a voltage variation of the commercial AC power.
- hot water having a target temperature desired by a user can be provided without performing a set-up process even internationally, where the voltage range of the commercial AC power is different. Namely, consistency can be provided even internationally, where the voltage range of the commercial AC power is different.
- the hot water supply apparatus is a direct-type hot water supply apparatus, so although the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 is set according to the ejection temperature, heating of introduced water may not be sufficient and water not having a target temperature may be provided. However, the user ejects water in his expectation that the hot water supply apparatus provides water having the target temperature, so it is essential for the hot water supply apparatus to provide water having the target temperature even in an initial water ejection time.
- the controller 40 may operate the heater 10 during a preheating period of time before the ejection valve 20 is open.
- water stored in the heater 10 may be initially heated to perform preheating to increase a temperature, and thereafter, water may start to be ejected.
- a response time may be delayed by a time taken for the preheating after the user inputs a hot water dispensing signal requesting supply of hot water, but the target temperature of water desired by the user may be provided starting from the initial water ejection time.
- the hot water supply apparatus may supply hot water again soon after hot water was supplied to the user. In this case, since a temperature of water present in the heater 10 is already close to the target temperature, preheating may not be required. Conversely, the hot water supply apparatus may supply hot water long after it has supplied hot water to the user. For example, the hot water supply apparatus may supply hot water two hours after it initially supplied hot water. In this case, the water present in the heater 10 may have become cold, having a significant difference from the target temperature.
- the controller 40 may check a temperature of water stored in the heater 10 by using the temperature sensor 31, and only when a temperature of stored water is lower than a preheating reference temperature, e.g., 60 degrees or below.
- the controller 40 may set the preheating time such that the preheating time is lengthened as a temperature of water stored in the heater 10, i.e., as an ejection temperature, is lower. Since a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is increased, the preheating time may be set to be lengthened to sufficiently heat water stored in the heater 10. Conversely, when the ejection temperature is high, since the temperature is close to the target temperature, water stored in the heater 10 may be heated for a short period of time, sufficient to reach the target temperature.
- controller 40 may measure a usage waiting time between the last water ejection time and a next water ejection time, and set the preheating time and a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the measured ejection temperature.
- the hot water supply apparatus may completely shut off the ejection valve 20 in order to cut off hot water supply, and in this case, the water stored in the heater 10 may be in a state of having been heated to the target temperature. In this case, however, when the hot water supply apparatus no longer operates afterwards, the temperature of water stored in the heater 10 may be decreased over time.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be set in consideration of the usage waiting time as well as a temperature difference between the target temperature and the ejection temperature.
- the controller 40 may adjust a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to a variation of the ejection temperature value. A specific operation in relation to the operation of the controller 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
- FIG. 4(a) is a graph showing an ejection temperature in case of a first water ejection. Namely, FIG. 4(a) shows a graph in case that hot water is ejected after a certain time has passed since water was lately ejected. Referring to FIG. 4(a), it can be seen that the ejection temperature is converged into the target temperature, and this may be obtained by controlling the degree of opening of the ejection valve as discussed above.
- the ejection temperature may fluctuate up and down based on the target temperature during the process in which the ejection temperature is converged into the target temperature, and according to fluctuation of the ejection temperature, the user may be supplied with very hot water or cold water unexpectedly. Also, a time required for the ejection temperature to be stabilized to the target temperature may be lengthened. Thus, the ejection valve 20 is required to be controlled in order to minimize fluctuation of the ejection temperature curve.
- FIG. 4(b) is a graph showing an ejection temperature in case of a continuous water ejection. Since hot water is continuously dispensed, the ejection temperature is not sharply increased at an initial stage as that of FIG. 4(b), but fluctuation appears in the ejection temperature curve. Thus, the ejection valve 20 is required to be controlled to minimize the fluctuation.
- the controller 40 may calculate a variation in the ejection temperature values, and adjust a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the calculated variation, thus minimizing fluctuation.
- the controller 40 may calculate a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature, and determine whether the hot water dispensing is a first water ejection or a continuous water ejection, according to the difference value.
- the controller 40 may determine that the hot water extraction is a first water ejection, and when the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is smaller than the pre-set value, the controller 40 may determine that the hot water extraction is a continuous water ejection.
- the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature may be obtained in an initial period when the hot water dispensing starts, and in this case, the first water ejection and the continuous water ejection may be obviously discriminated.
- a temperature of water stored in the heater 10 may be close to room temperature (approximately 26 degrees Celsius), but in the case of the continuous water ejection, since water has been already heated, the temperature of water stored in the heater 10 may nearly be equal to the target temperature (85 degrees Celsius).
- first water ejection and continuous water ejection may be discriminated, and the ejection valve 20 may be differently controlled according to the first water ejection and the continuous water ejection.
- the controller 40 may calculate a variation of the ejection temperature, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be adjusted according to a variation of the ejection temperature.
- the variation of the ejection temperature may be obtained by measuring the ejection temperature value at every pre-set time interval, and calculating differences between the measured ejection temperature values.
- the calculated variation of the ejection temperature is equal to or greater than a first reference variation, it may be considered that the ejection temperature is rapidly increased, and in this case, a number of fluctuations and a fluctuation amplitude of the ejection temperature curve may be increased.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be fixed to a degree of opening at a point in time when the variation is calculated, and the fixed degree of opening may be maintained for a first pre-set period of time. Namely, in order to lower the variation of the ejection temperature, controlling of the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the ejection temperature may be stopped for the first pre-set period of time, whereby the variation of the ejection temperature may be reduced as shown in FIG. 5.
- the controller 40 may control the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 in the same manner as that of the continuous water ejection.
- an operation of the controller 40 in the case of continuous water ejection will be described.
- a variation of the ejection temperature may be calculated and whether the variation is equal to or greater than a second reference variation.
- the second reference variation may be a value smaller than the first reference variation.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be fixed to the degree of opening at the timing at which the variation was calculated.
- a fixed period of time may be a second pre-set period of time shorter than the first-pre set period of time, and the variation of the ejection temperature may be reduced by stopping control of the ejection valve 20.
- the ejection temperature can be quickly converged into the target temperature, and by shortening a control time of the ejection valve 20, energy consumption according to control of the ejection valve 20 can be saved.
- a water purifier may include the hot water supply apparatus.
- the water purifier may include a purification filter filtering tap water supplied from a mains water supply, and water purified by the purification filter may be introduced to the heater 10. Thereafter, the purified water may be heated in the heater 10 and subsequently ejected through the ejection valve 20 so as to be provided to the user.
- the controller 40 may control a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 to adjust a temperature of the dispensed water to the target temperature.
- the controller 40 may adjust a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 by using the temperature sensor 31 and the injection temperature sensor 32, and preheat water introduced into the heater 10 by controlling the heater 10 and the ejection valve 20.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an initial ejection operation of the hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hot water supply apparatus may include an initial eject operation (S10) and an ejection control operation (S20).
- the initial eject operation (S10) may include an initial opening setting process (S11), a preheating process (S12), and an initial opening process (S13).
- the initial eject operation (S10) when a hot water supply signal is input, an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve for adjusting an ejection amount of water ejected from the heater is set, and the ejection valve may be open by the pre-set degree of opening.
- the initial eject operation (S10) is an operation in which the heater starts to eject water according to the input hot water supply signal. In this operation, an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set in order to dispense water having a target temperature starting from an initial water ejection.
- the initial eject operation (S10) may include an initial opening setting operation (S11) and an initial opening operation (S13).
- a pre-set degree of opening may be set as an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve according to the ejection temperature.
- the ejection temperature may be measured by using the temperature sensor positioned between the heater and the ejection valve. Before the ejection valve is open, the ejection temperature may be a temperature of water stored in the heater. Thus, a temperature of water stored in the eater may be measured by using the ejection temperature before the ejection valve is open, and an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set according to the measured temperature of water.
- a temperature of water stored in the heater may vary depending how long it has passed starting from the last water ejection, so the initial degree of opening is required to be changed according to a temperature of water stored in the heater.
- a temperature of the stored water may be close to the target temperature, so there is no need to heat water for a long time, and thus, the initial degree of opening may be set to allow a relatively large amount of water to be ejected.
- the initial degree of opening may be set to allow a relatively small amount of water to be ejected.
- the most appropriate initial degree of opening may be experimentally obtained by varying the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve according to the measured ejection temperature, whereby initial degree of openings of the ejection valve according to respective ejection temperatures may be set in advance.
- the temperature of water stored in the heater may vary according to a degree of elapsed time starting from the last water ejection time, i.e., a usage waiting time between the last water ejection time and a next water ejection time.
- a usage waiting time between the last water ejection time a next water ejection time is measured and the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set by using the usage waiting time and the ejection temperature.
- an inflow temperature of water introduced into the heater may be further received, based on which the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set.
- an initial ejection amount of the heater required to eject water having the target temperature may be calculated by using an equation , and the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set according to the calculated initial ejection amount of the heater. Namely, the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set more accurately upon receiving the inflow temperature.
- V is a volume of ejected water
- w is a heater heating capacity of the heater 10
- c is a specific heat of water
- ⁇ is a density of water
- ⁇ t is a heating time
- T 1 is a target temperature
- T 2 is an inflow temperature.
- the initial degree of opening is set on the assumption that the heater heating capacity of the heater is uniform, but in actuality, the heater heating capacity of the heater may vary according to a voltage variation of the commercial AC power source supplying power to the heater.
- a change in the heater heating capacity is required to be taken into consideration.
- the initial ejection operation (S10) may further include a heater heating capacity calculation operation (not shown), and in the heater heating capacity calculation operation, a supply voltage supplied from the power source may be measured and the heater heating capacity may be calculated by using the supply voltage.
- the AC supply voltage supplied from the power source may be converted into DC voltage, and the converted DC voltage may be quantized to detect the supply voltage.
- the AC voltage supplied from the power source is half-wave rectified, smoothed, and voltage-dropped so as to be converted into DC voltage, and thereafter, the DC voltage is quantized by an ADC to thus measure the supply voltage.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set by using the heater heating capacity calculated during the heater heating capacity calculation operation.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve may be changed, and the most appropriate degree of opening of the ejection valve may be experimentally obtained according to the ejection temperature at the initial water ejection time and the measured heater heating capacity.
- a pre-set degree of opening may be set to the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve according to the measured ejection temperature and the heater heating capacity.
- an initial ejection amount V of water ejected from the heater 10 may be calculated by substituting the actually calculated heater heating capacity to the heater heating capacity w in the above equation .
- the heater heating capacity may be calculated based on a voltage actually applied to the heater 10, based on which an initial degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 is adjusted, whereby the temperature can be more accurately adjusted.
- a voltage supplied from the power source namely, a supply voltage
- a supply voltage may be measured. This is to reduce power consumption required for measuring the supply voltage.
- the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve for dispensing water having the target temperature has been set in the initial opening setting operation (S11), if a temperature of water stored in the heater is excessively low, dispensed water may not have been sufficiently heated, and thus, water not having the target temperature may be provided.
- the initial ejection operation (S10) further includes a preheating operation (S12).
- the heater When a measured ejection temperature is lower than a preheating reference temperature, the heater may be operated to heat water stored in the heater during a preheat period of time. When water stored in the heater is lower than the preheating reference temperature, the water is preheated before being ejected.
- the water having the target temperature may be ejected starting from the initial water ejection time.
- the preheating operation (S12) may be performed, and in the case that the measured ejection temperature is low, the preheating time is set to be lengthened to sufficiently preheat water of the heater.
- the initial opening setting operation (S11) and the preheating operation (S12) may be simultaneously performed, or the preheating operation (S12) may be first performed and, in the initial opening setting operation (S11), the initial degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set in consideration of a temperature of the water preheated during the preheating operation (S12).
- the ejection valve In the initial opening operation (S13), the ejection valve may be open according to the pre-set degree of opening of the ejection value.
- Water having the target temperature may be provided by the initial opening setting operation (S11) and the preheating operation (S12), and thereafter, the ejection control operation (S20) may be performed in order to continuously provide water having the target temperature even while water is being ejected.
- water ejected from the heater may be adjusted to have the target temperature by controlling the degree of opening of the ejection valve.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve may be adjusted according to a change in the ejection temperature value.
- the ejection valve when the ejection temperature is higher than the target temperature, the ejection valve may be open by a degree in proportion to a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature, and when the ejection temperature is lower than the target temperature, the ejection valve may be shut off by a degree in proportion to a difference between the target temperature and the ejection temperature.
- a temperature of water ejected from the heater may be increased in proportion to a length of a period of time during which water is heated by the heater.
- the ejection valve is opened more widely, an amount of ejected water per unit time is increased, and thus, a period of time during which water is heated by the heater is shortened.
- the ejection valve is closed, an amount of ejected water per unit time is reduced, and thus, a period of time during which water is heated by the heater is lengthened.
- a temperature of water ejected from the heater may be adjusted by adjusting the degree of opening of the ejection valve, and a temperature of water ejected from the heater may be adjusted to reach the target temperature.
- an inflow temperature of water introduced to the heater may be received, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be adjusted by using the inflow temperature, the heater heating capacity of the heater, and the target temperature.
- a required ejection amount may be calculated, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be adjusted based on the calculated ejection amount.
- an ejection amount of the heater required to eject water having the target temperature may be calculated by using an equation , and a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be set according to the calculated ejection amount. Namely, a degree of opening of the ejection value may be more accurately set upon receiving the inflow temperature.
- V is a volume of ejected water
- w heater heating capacity of the heater 10
- c is a specific heat of water
- ⁇ density of water
- ⁇ t is a heating time
- T 1 is a target temperature
- T 2 is an inflow temperature.
- the heater heating capacity may vary, so, in order to control a temperature more accurately, a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be adjusted by using the actual heater heating capacity of the heater measured during the heater heating capacity calculation operation.
- a proportional factor in proportion to the heater heating capacity may be set, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve in proportion to a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature may be set.
- the heater heating capacity and a proportional expression generated according to a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature may be used, or a table experimentally created according to the heater heating capacity and the ejection temperature may be used.
- an ejection amount of the heater may be calculated by substituting the actually calculated heater heating capacity to the heater heating capacity (w) in the equation .
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve may be adjusted by using a variation of the ejection temperature value.
- FIG. 4(a) is a graph showing an ejection temperature in case of a first water ejection. Namely, FIG. 4(a) shows a graph in case that hot water is ejected after a certain time has passed since water was lately ejected. Referring to FIG. 4(a), it can be seen that the ejection temperature is converged into the target temperature, and this may be obtained by controlling the degree of opening of the ejection valve as discussed above.
- the ejection temperature may fluctuate up and down based on the target temperature during the process in which the ejection temperature is converged into the target temperature, and according to fluctuation of the ejection temperature, the user may be supplied with very hot water or cold water unexpectedly. Also, a time required for the ejection temperature to be stabilized to the target temperature may be lengthened. Thus, the ejection valve is required to be controlled in order to minimize fluctuation of the ejection temperature curve.
- FIG. 4(b) is a graph showing an ejection temperature in case of a continuous water ejection. Since hot water is continuously dispensed, the ejection temperature is not sharply increased at an initial stage as that of FIG. 4(b), but fluctuation appears in the ejection temperature curve. Thus, the ejection valve is required to be controlled to minimize the fluctuation.
- a variation of the ejection temperature value, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve is adjusted according to the calculated variation to thus minimize the fluctuation.
- a difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is calculated, and whether the hot water dispensing is a first water ejection or a continuous water ejection may be determined according to the difference.
- the hot water dispensing may be determined to be the first water ejection, and when the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is smaller than the pre-set value, the hot water dispensing may be determined to be the continuous water ejection.
- the difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature may be obtained at an initial timing at which hot water dispensing starts, and in this case, the first water ejection and the continuous water ejection may be obviously discriminated.
- a temperature of water stored in the heater may be close to room temperature (approximately 26 degrees Celsius), but in the case of the continuous water ejection, since water has been already heated, the temperature of water stored in the heater 10 may nearly be the target temperature (85 degrees Celsius).
- first water ejection and continuous water ejection may be discriminated, and the ejection valve 20 may be differently controlled according to the first water ejection and the continuous water ejection.
- the controller 40 may calculate a variation of the ejection temperature, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be adjusted according to a variation of the ejection temperature.
- the variation of the ejection temperature may be obtained by measuring the ejection temperature value at every pre-set time interval, and calculating differences between the measured ejection temperature values.
- the calculated variation of the ejection temperature is equal to or greater than a first reference variation, it may be considered that the ejection temperature is rapidly increased, and in this case, a number of fluctuations and a fluctuation amplitude of the ejection temperature curve may be increased.
- a degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be fixed to a degree of opening at a point in time when the variation is calculated, and the fixed degree of opening may be maintained for a first pre-set period of time. Namely, in order to lower the variation of the ejection temperature, controlling of the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 according to the ejection temperature may be stopped for the first pre-set period of time, whereby the variation of the ejection temperature may be reduced as shown in FIG. 5.
- the controller 40 may control the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 in the same manner as that of the continuous water ejection.
- a control method in the case of continuous water ejection will be described.
- a variation of the ejection temperature may be calculated and whether the variation is equal to or greater than a second reference variation.
- the second reference variation may be a value smaller than the first reference variation.
- the degree of opening of the ejection valve 20 may be fixed to the degree of opening at the timing at which the variation was calculated.
- a fixed period of time may be a second pre-set period of time shorter than the first-pre set period of time, and the variation of the ejection temperature may be reduced by stopping control of the ejection valve 20.
- the ejection temperature can be quickly converged into the target temperature, and by shortening a control time of the ejection valve 20, energy consumption according to control of the ejection valve 20 can be saved.
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- A hot water supply apparatus comprising:a heater heating introduced water by a heater heating capacity;an ejection valve adjusting an amount of water ejected from the heater;a temperature sensor measuring an ejection temperature of ejected water; anda controller proportionally controlling a degree of opening of the ejection valve according to a temperature difference between the ejection temperature and a target temperature.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller calculates a variation in the ejection temperature and adjusts the degree of opening of the ejection valve according to the calculated variation.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a voltage detection unit detecting a supply voltage supplied from a power source,wherein the controller calculates the heater heating capacity by using the supply voltage and sets the degree of opening of the ejection valve by using the heater heating capacity and the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 3, wherein when a hot water extraction signal for requesting an extraction of hot water is input or when a pre-set time interval has lapsed, the voltage detection unit detects the supply voltage.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 3, wherein the voltage detection unit converts the supply voltage input as an AC (alternating current) into a DC (direct current) voltage, and quantizes the converted DC voltage to detect a magnitude of the supply voltage.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller sets a proportional factor corresponding to the heat heating capacity, and sets a degree of opening of the ejection valve such that it is proportional to the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and a target temperature.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 2, wherein when the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is equal to or greater than a pre-set value and the calculated variation is equal to or greater than a first reference variation, the controller maintains a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated, for a first pre-set period of time.
- The hot water supply apparatus of claim 2, wherein when the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is smaller than a pre-set value and the calculated variation is equal to or greater than a second reference variation, the controller maintains a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated, for a second pre-set period of time.
- A hot water supply method comprising:an initial eject operation of setting an initial degree of opening of an ejection valve adjusting an eject amount of water ejected from a heater and opening the ejection valve by the pre-set degree of opening, when a hot water supply signal is input; andan eject control operation of adjusting an ejection temperature of water ejected from the heater to reach a target temperature by proportionally controlling a degree of opening of the eject value according to a temperature difference between the ejection temperature and a target temperature.
- The hot water supply method of claim 9, wherein the initial eject operation further comprises a heater heating capacity calculation operation of measuring a supply voltage supplied from a power source and calculating the heater heating capacity by using the supply voltage.
- The hot water supply method of claim 10, wherein in the heater heating capacity calculation operation, when a hot water extraction signal for requesting extraction of hot water is input or when a pre-set time interval has lapsed, the heater heating capacity is calculated by measuring the supply voltage.
- The hot water supply method of claim 10, wherein in the heater heating capacity calculation operation, an AC supply voltage supplied from the power source is converted into a DC voltage, and the converted DC voltage is quantized to measure a magnitude of the supply voltage.
- The hot water supply method of claim 9, wherein in the eject control operation, a variation of the ejection temperature value is calculated, and a degree of opening of the ejection valve is adjusted according to the calculated variation.
- The hot water supply method of claim 13, wherein in the eject control operation, when the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is equal to or greater than a pre-set value and the calculated variation is equal to or greater than a first reference variation, a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated is maintained for a first pre-set period of time.
- The hot water supply method of claim 13, wherein in the eject control operation, when the temperature difference between the ejection temperature and the target temperature is smaller than a pre-set value and the calculated variation is equal to or greater than a second reference variation, a degree of opening of the ejection valve at the timing when the variation was calculated is maintained for a second pre-set period of time.
Priority Applications (3)
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RU2014131462A RU2621932C2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-20 | Hot water supplying device and method of hot water supply |
JP2014549974A JP6110875B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-20 | Hot water supply apparatus and hot water supply method |
CN201280064980.0A CN104024742A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-20 | Hot water supply apparatus and hot water supply method |
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KR10-2011-0147239 | 2011-12-30 | ||
KR20110147239 | 2011-12-30 | ||
KR10-2012-0038688 | 2012-04-13 | ||
KR1020120038688A KR101977021B1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-04-13 | Apparatus for supplying hot water and method for the same |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107687027A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-13 | 鹿寨县贵盛茧丝工贸有限公司 | Water jet for battage bath |
US10604399B2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2020-03-31 | Coway Co., Ltd | Hot water supply method, hot water supply device, and water purifier using same |
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JPH10185226A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Hot water feeder |
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US10604399B2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2020-03-31 | Coway Co., Ltd | Hot water supply method, hot water supply device, and water purifier using same |
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