CN104024742A - Hot water supply apparatus and hot water supply method - Google Patents
Hot water supply apparatus and hot water supply method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104024742A CN104024742A CN201280064980.0A CN201280064980A CN104024742A CN 104024742 A CN104024742 A CN 104024742A CN 201280064980 A CN201280064980 A CN 201280064980A CN 104024742 A CN104024742 A CN 104024742A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 340
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 322
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 322
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 244000287680 Garcinia dulcis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 56
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
- F24D19/1063—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water counting of energy consumption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0018—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using electric energy supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
- F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/08—Electric heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
- F24D2220/0271—Valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/04—Sensors
- F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供热水供给设备和热水供给方法。一种热水供给设备,包括:加热器,该加热器以加热器加热容量来加热引入的水;喷射阀,该喷射阀调节从加热器喷射的水量;温度传感器,该温度传感器测量喷射的水的喷射温度;以及控制器,该控制器根据喷射温度和目标温度之间的温度差来成比例地控制喷射阀的开度。控制器计算喷射温度值的变化量,并且根据计算的温度变化量来调节喷射阀的开度。
The present invention provides a hot water supply device and a hot water supply method. A hot water supply device including: a heater that heats incoming water with a heating capacity of the heater; an injection valve that regulates the amount of water injected from the heater; a temperature sensor that measures the injected water the injection temperature; and a controller that proportionally controls the opening degree of the injection valve according to the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature. The controller calculates a change amount of the injection temperature value, and adjusts the opening degree of the injection valve according to the calculated temperature change amount.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及热水供给设备和热水供给方法,并且更具体地涉及用于快速分配热水的直接型热水供给设备和直接型热水供给方法。The present invention relates to a hot water supply device and a hot water supply method, and more particularly to a direct type hot water supply device and a direct type hot water supply method for rapidly distributing hot water.
背景技术Background technique
用于净水器等的热水供给设备可归类为将加热器安装在水箱内的水箱型热水供给设备或者在必要时通过使用加热器来加热水的直接型热水供给设备。A hot water supply apparatus for a water purifier or the like may be classified into a tank type hot water supply apparatus in which a heater is installed in a tank or a direct type hot water supply apparatus in which water is heated by using a heater when necessary.
水箱型热水供给设备用过滤器等来过滤由供水系统供给的室温水以获得适于饮用的净化水、加热储存在水箱内的净化水、并且向使用者供给加热的水。在此情况下,水箱型热水供给设备包括储存室温状态下的过滤好的净化水的净化水箱以及储存加热到一定温度的热水的热水箱。它可构造成将净化水供给到热水箱并且由安装在热水箱内的加热器加热成热水。The tank type hot water supply apparatus filters room temperature water supplied from a water supply system with a filter or the like to obtain purified water suitable for drinking, heats the purified water stored in the tank, and supplies the heated water to users. In this case, the water tank type hot water supply apparatus includes a purified water tank storing filtered purified water in a room temperature state and a hot water tank storing hot water heated to a certain temperature. It may be configured to supply purified water to a hot water tank and be heated into hot water by a heater installed in the hot water tank.
然而,在水箱型热水供给设备中,无论是否使用热水,水箱内的水温都应保持在预设定温度下,从而消耗待机功率,并且由于还应设有热水箱,所以会需要充足的空间。同样,关于具有高比热的水的特征,需要长达几十秒到几分钟的待机时间。However, in tank type hot water supply equipment, regardless of whether hot water is used or not, the water temperature in the tank should be kept at a preset temperature, thereby consuming standby power, and since a hot water tank should also be provided, sufficient Space. Also, regarding the characteristics of water having a high specific heat, a long standby time of several tens of seconds to several minutes is required.
由此,最近已使用根据来自使用者的热水供给要求即时加热并供给水的直接型热水供给设备,但即便是直接型热水供给设备也不能在初始喷水阶段期间提供具有使用者所期望的目标温度的热水。Thus, a direct-type hot water supply device that instantly heats and supplies water according to a hot-water supply request from a user has been used recently, but even a direct-type hot water supply device cannot provide the user with the desired water quality during the initial spraying stage. Hot water at desired target temperature.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题technical problem
本发明的一方面提供用于快速分配热水的直接型热水供给设备和直接型热水供给方法。An aspect of the present invention provides a direct type hot water supply apparatus and a direct type hot water supply method for rapidly distributing hot water.
问题的解决方案problem solution
根据本发明的一方面,提供一种热水供给设备,该热水供给设备包括:加热器,该加热器以加热器加热容量来加热引入的水;喷射阀,该喷射阀调节从加热器喷射的水量;温度传感器,该温度传感器测量喷射的水的喷射温度;以及控制器,该控制器根据喷射温度和目标温度之间的温度差来按比例控制喷射阀的开度。According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hot water supply device comprising: a heater that heats incoming water with the heating capacity of the heater; the amount of water; a temperature sensor that measures the injection temperature of the injected water; and a controller that proportionally controls the opening of the injection valve according to the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature.
因此,控制器可计算喷射温度值的变化量,并且根据计算出的变化量来调节喷射阀的开度。Therefore, the controller may calculate the change amount of the injection temperature value, and adjust the opening degree of the injection valve according to the calculated change amount.
在此,热水供给设备还可包括:检测由电源供给的供给电压的电压检测单元,其中,该控制器通过使用供给电压来计算加热器加热容量,并且通过使用加热器加热容量以及喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差来设定喷射阀的开度。Here, the hot water supply apparatus may further include: a voltage detection unit that detects a supply voltage supplied from a power source, wherein the controller calculates the heating capacity of the heater by using the supply voltage, and calculates the heating capacity of the heater by using the heating capacity of the heater and the spray temperature and The temperature difference between the target temperatures is used to set the opening degree of the injection valve.
在此,当输入要求提取热水的热水提取信号时或者当经过预设定的时间间隔时,电压检测单元可检测供给电压。Here, the voltage detection unit may detect the supply voltage when a hot water extraction signal requesting extraction of hot water is input or when a preset time interval elapses.
在此,电压检测单元将作为AC(交流电流)的供给电压转化成DC(直流电)电压,并且使转化的直流电电压量化,以检测供给电压的幅值。Here, the voltage detection unit converts a supply voltage that is AC (Alternating Current) into a DC (Direct Current) voltage, and quantizes the converted DC voltage to detect the magnitude of the supply voltage.
在此,控制器可对应于加热器加热容量设定比例因子,并且将喷射阀的开度设定为使得该开度与喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差成比例。Here, the controller may set a scaling factor corresponding to the heating capacity of the heater, and set an opening degree of the injection valve such that the opening degree is proportional to a temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature.
在此,当喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差等于或大于预设定值并且计算出的变化量等于或大于第一参考变化量时,控制器可将计算该变化量时的喷射阀的开度保持第一预设定时间段。Here, when the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is equal to or greater than a preset value and the calculated change amount is equal to or greater than a first reference change amount, the controller may calculate the change amount of the injection valve. The opening is maintained for a first preset time period.
在此,当喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差小于预设定值并且计算出的变化量等于或大于第二参考变化量时,控制器可将计算该变化量时的喷射阀的开度保持第二预设定时间段。Here, when the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is less than a preset value and the calculated change amount is equal to or greater than the second reference change amount, the controller may calculate the opening degree of the injection valve at the time of calculating the change amount Maintain the second preset time period.
根据本发明的又一方面,提供一种热水供给方法,该热水供给方法包括:当输入热水供给信号时设定喷射阀的初始开度、调节从加热器喷射的喷水量并且将喷射阀打开预设定的开度的初始喷射操作;以及通过根据喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差来按比例地控制喷射阀的开度将从加热器喷射的喷水温度调节到目标温度的喷射控制操作。According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hot water supply method comprising: setting an initial opening degree of an injection valve when a hot water supply signal is input, adjusting an amount of sprayed water sprayed from a heater, and setting an initial injection operation in which the injection valve opens to a preset opening degree; and adjusting the temperature of the sprayed water injected from the heater to the target temperature by proportionally controlling the opening degree of the injection valve according to the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature injection control operation.
初始喷射操作还可包括:测量由电源供给的供给电压并且通过使用供给电压来计算加热器加热容量的加热器加热容量计算操作。The initial spraying operation may further include a heater heating capacity calculation operation of measuring a supply voltage supplied from the power source and calculating a heater heating capacity by using the supply voltage.
在加热器加热容量计算操作中,当输入要求提取热水的热水提取信号时或者当经过预设定的时间间隔时,通过测量供给电压来计算加热器加热容量。In the heater heating capacity calculation operation, the heater heating capacity is calculated by measuring the supply voltage when a hot water extraction signal requesting hot water extraction is input or when a preset time interval elapses.
在加热器加热容量计算操作中,由电源供给的交流电供给电压可转化成直流电电压,并且转化的直流电电压可量化,以测量供给电压的幅值。In the heater heating capacity calculation operation, the AC supply voltage supplied by the power source may be converted into a DC voltage, and the converted DC voltage may be quantified to measure the magnitude of the supply voltage.
在此,在喷射控制操作中,可计算喷射温度值的变化量,并且根据计算的变化量来调节喷射阀的开度。Here, in the injection control operation, a change amount of the injection temperature value may be calculated, and an opening degree of the injection valve may be adjusted according to the calculated change amount.
在此,在喷射控制操作中,当喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差等于或大于预设定值并且计算的变化量等于或大于第一参考变化量时,可将计算该变化量时的喷射阀的开度保持第一预设定时间段。Here, in the injection control operation, when the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is equal to or greater than a preset value and the calculated change amount is equal to or greater than the first reference change amount, the value at the time of calculating the change amount may be The opening of the injection valve is maintained for a first preset period of time.
在此,在喷射控制操作中,当喷射温度与目标温度之间的温度差小于预设定值并且计算的变化量等于或大于第二参考变化量时,可将计算该变化量时的喷射阀的开度保持第二预设定时间段。Here, in the injection control operation, when the temperature difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is less than a preset value and the calculated change amount is equal to or greater than the second reference change amount, the injection valve at the time of calculating the change amount may be The opening degree is maintained for a second preset time period.
本发明的有利效果Advantageous effect of the present invention
在根据本发明的各实施例的热水供给设备和热水供给方法的情况下,可在初始喷射时间过程中提供具有使用者所期望的目标温度的热水。In the case of the hot water supply apparatus and the hot water supply method according to various embodiments of the present invention, hot water having a target temperature desired by a user may be supplied during an initial spraying time.
同样,由于将用于提取目标温度的控制操作减到最少,可减少用于提取热水所需的能量。Also, since the control operation for extracting the target temperature is minimized, energy required for extracting hot water can be reduced.
同样,由于考虑根据商用交流电电源的电压变化的加热器加热容量的变化产生热水,所以可分配具有精确的目标温度的热水。同样,由于通过直接测量施加到加热器的电压来计算加热器加热容量,甚至国际性地提供具有使用者所期望的目标温度的热水,其中,商用交流电电源的电压幅值不同。Also, since hot water is generated in consideration of a change in heating capacity of the heater according to a voltage change of a commercial AC power supply, hot water having an accurate target temperature can be dispensed. Also, since the heating capacity of the heater is calculated by directly measuring the voltage applied to the heater, hot water having a target temperature desired by the user is supplied even internationally, where voltage magnitudes of commercial AC power sources are different.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是示出根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备的方框图。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是示出根据本发明一实施例的热水供给方法的流程图。FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3是示出根据本发明一实施例的热水供给方法的初始喷射操作的流程图。FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an initial injection operation of a hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4和5是示出从根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备喷出的水的喷射温度的曲线图。4 and 5 are graphs showing spray temperatures of water sprayed from a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
实施发明的最佳方式The best way to practice the invention
下文中,将参照附图来详细地描述各实施例,因而可由本发明所涉及领域的技术人员容易地实施这些实施例。在描述本发明时,如果针对相关已知功能或构造的详细阐释被认为未必偏离本发明的精神,将省去这种阐释,但该领域的技术人员将会理解这种阐释。同样,相似的附图标记在整个说明书中用于相似的部件。Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that they can be easily carried out by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. In describing the present invention, if a detailed explanation for a related known function or construction is considered not to necessarily deviate from the spirit of the invention, such explanation will be omitted but will be understood by those skilled in the art. Also, like reference numerals are used for like parts throughout the specification.
应该理解到,当元件被称作“连接到”另一元件时,该元件可与另一元件直接连接,或也可存在有介于其间的元件。相比之下,当元件被称作“直接连接到”另一元件时,就不存在有介于其间的元件。此外,除非明确相反描述,否则词语“包括”和诸如“包括了”或者“包含着”的变型将理解为暗示包含所述元件,但不排除任何其它元件。It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected to" another element, there are no intervening elements present. Furthermore, unless expressly stated to the contrary, the word "comprise" and variations such as "comprises" or "comprises" will be understood to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements.
图1是示出根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备的方框图。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
参照图1,根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备可包括加热器10、喷射阀20、温度传感器31、注入温度传感器32和控制器40。Referring to FIG. 1 , a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a heater 10 , an injection valve 20 , a temperature sensor 31 , an injection temperature sensor 32 and a controller 40 .
下文中,将参照图1来描述根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备。Hereinafter, a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 .
加热器10可以加热器加热容量来加热引入的水。可用瓦(W)来表示与加热器10的功率消耗有关的加热器加热容量。加热器10可通过预设定的加热器加热容量来均匀地加热引入的水。The heater 10 may heat incoming water with a heater heating capacity. The heating capacity of the heater in relation to the power consumption of the heater 10 can be expressed in watts (W). The heater 10 may uniformly heat introduced water by a preset heater heating capacity.
对从加热器10接纳的引入水的加热量可与加热器加热容量以及加热器10加热水的时间(或时间段)成比例。由此,当均匀地保持加热器10的加热器加热容量时,对从加热器10接纳的引入水的加热量可与加热器10加热水的时间段成比例。在此,加热器10加热引入的水的时间段可根据引入的水经由喷射阀20从加热器喷出所需的时间来确定,由此,可根据喷射阀20的开度来调节加热时间。The amount of heating of the incoming water received from the heater 10 may be proportional to the heater heating capacity and the time (or time period) for which the heater 10 heats the water. Thus, when the heater heating capacity of the heater 10 is uniformly maintained, the heating amount of the incoming water received from the heater 10 may be proportional to the time period for which the heater 10 heats the water. Here, the time period for which the heater 10 heats the introduced water may be determined according to the time required for the introduced water to be sprayed from the heater through the injection valve 20 , and thus, the heating time may be adjusted according to the opening degree of the injection valve 20 .
通过控制器40来控制加热器10的开或关操作,并且当输入热水分配信号时,控制器40可接通加热器10,从而以加热器加热容量来加热引入的水。On or off operation of the heater 10 is controlled by the controller 40, and when a hot water dispensing signal is input, the controller 40 may turn on the heater 10 to heat incoming water with a heater heating capacity.
然而,当供给到加热器10的电压或电流不均匀时,无法均匀地保持加热器加热容量。加热器加热容量可通过使用加热器电压V、加热器电流I和加热器电阻R(P=V*I=V^2/R=I^2*R)中的至少两个来计算,且向加热器10供电的商用交流电电源可具有实际上约15%的电压变化量。由此,分布到加热器10的电压会根据商用交流电电源的电压变化量来变化,这会造成加热器加热容量的变化。However, when the voltage or current supplied to the heater 10 is not uniform, the heater heating capacity cannot be maintained uniformly. The heater heating capacity can be calculated by using at least two of the heater voltage V, the heater current I, and the heater resistance R (P=V*I=V^2/R=I^2*R), and to The commercial AC power supply that powers the heater 10 may have a practical voltage variation of about 15%. Thus, the voltage distributed to the heater 10 varies according to the amount of voltage variation of the commercial AC power supply, which causes variation in the heating capacity of the heater.
一般来说,准许商用交流电电源的电压变化量作为可容许误差范围,因此,基于电压变化量的加热器加热容量的差值可以不作考虑。然而,当像是直接型热水供给设备那样加热时间较短并且需要供给具有精确的目标温度的热水时,会需要考虑由于商用交流电电源的电压变化量造成的误差。由此,可附加地构造有用于检测由商用交流电电源、即电源供给的供给电压幅值的电压检测单元。也就是说,关于引入加热器10的水的加热时间可基于由电压检测单元测量的供给电压幅值来考虑加热器加热容量而设定。Generally speaking, the voltage variation of the commercial AC power supply is allowed as an allowable error range, so the difference in the heating capacity of the heater based on the voltage variation can be ignored. However, when the heating time is short and hot water with an accurate target temperature needs to be supplied like a direct type hot water supply device, an error due to a voltage variation amount of a commercial AC power supply may need to be considered. As a result, a voltage detection unit for detecting the magnitude of the supply voltage supplied by the commercial AC power source, ie the power supply, can additionally be configured. That is, the heating time with respect to the water introduced into the heater 10 may be set in consideration of the heater heating capacity based on the magnitude of the supply voltage measured by the voltage detection unit.
详细来说,电压检测单元可执行对由电源供给的交流电电压的半波整流、滤波和压降以将其转化成直流电电压,并且通过模拟到数字转换器(ADC)来将直流电电压的模拟值量化,以由此获得供给电压值。例如,在使用商用AC220V电源的情况下,从电源供给的供给电压可由于电压变化而从198V变化到253V,且电压检测单元能以10V间隔来划分电压范围,并且通过200V、210V、220V、230V、240V以及250V中的任一种来测量供给电压。由此,控制器40可基于对应测量的供给电压来计算加热器加热容量以及设定喷射阀20的开合度。In detail, the voltage detection unit may perform half-wave rectification, filtering, and voltage drop of an AC voltage supplied by a power source to convert it into a DC voltage, and convert an analog value of the DC voltage to an analog value through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). quantized to thereby obtain the supply voltage value. For example, in the case of using a commercial AC220V power supply, the supply voltage supplied from the power supply can vary from 198V to 253V due to voltage changes, and the voltage detection unit can divide the voltage range by 10V intervals, and pass 200V, 210V, 220V, 230V , 240V and 250V to measure the supply voltage. Thus, the controller 40 can calculate the heating capacity of the heater and set the opening and closing degree of the injection valve 20 based on the corresponding measured supply voltage.
然而,为了防止电压检测时的功率消耗,电压检测单元可仅以预设定时间间隔或者仅当输入热水分配信号时才检测电压供给。However, in order to prevent power consumption upon voltage detection, the voltage detection unit may detect voltage supply only at preset time intervals or only when a hot water dispensing signal is input.
此外,如果已知从电源供给的电压和电流中的任一个的幅值,则可计算加热器加热容量,因此还可利用检测由电源供给的供给电流的电流检测单元来代替电压检测单元。In addition, the heater heating capacity can be calculated if the magnitude of any one of the voltage and current supplied from the power source is known, so the voltage detection unit can also be replaced by a current detection unit that detects a supply current supplied from the power source.
喷射阀20可调节从加热器10喷出的水量。如上讨论那样,通过调节从加热器10喷出的水的喷射量,可调节在加热器10内加热引入加热器10的水的时间段。详细来说,当喷射阀20打开程度更大时,由加热器10来加热引入的水的时间会缩短,而当喷射阀20减小开度时,用于由加热器10加热引入的水的时间会加长。由此,控制器40可通过调节喷射阀20的开度来将从加热器10喷出的水的温度控制到目标温度。The spray valve 20 can adjust the amount of water sprayed from the heater 10 . As discussed above, by adjusting the injection amount of water sprayed from the heater 10, the time period for heating the water introduced into the heater 10 within the heater 10 can be adjusted. In detail, when the opening degree of the injection valve 20 is larger, the time for heating the introduced water by the heater 10 is shortened, and when the opening degree of the injection valve 20 is reduced, the time for heating the introduced water by the heater 10 is shortened. The time will be extended. Thus, the controller 40 can control the temperature of the water sprayed from the heater 10 to a target temperature by adjusting the opening degree of the spray valve 20 .
在此,根据来自控制器40的控制信号,喷射阀20可通过调节敞开流动通道的截面积尺寸来调节喷射阀20的开度或者调节喷射阀20的打开时间。Here, according to the control signal from the controller 40, the injection valve 20 can adjust the opening degree of the injection valve 20 or the opening time of the injection valve 20 by adjusting the size of the cross-sectional area of the open flow passage.
在此,喷射阀20可包括诸如盘等的流动通道阻塞单元,以阻塞水沿其从加热器10分配的流动通道的一部分或全部。在此,通过调节被流动通道阻塞单元所阻塞的流动通道的截面积尺寸,可调节每单位面积从加热器10喷出的水量。Here, the injection valve 20 may include a flow channel blocking unit such as a disc to block part or all of a flow channel along which water is dispensed from the heater 10 . Here, by adjusting the size of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel blocked by the flow channel blocking unit, the amount of water sprayed from the heater 10 per unit area can be adjusted.
同样,喷射阀20可通过在短时间内周期性反复打开和关闭喷射阀20来调节每单位时间从加热器10喷出的水量,并且,喷射阀20的周期性打开和关闭可通过脉冲宽度调制(PWM)来实施。例如,喷射阀20接收由控制器40传送的、具有预定时间段的脉冲形式的控制信号,当脉冲高时,喷射阀20打开,并且当脉冲低时,喷射阀20可关闭。在此,当由控制器40传递的脉冲中高脉冲的数目增大时,喷射阀可每单位时间从加热器10喷射更大量的水。Also, the injection valve 20 can adjust the amount of water sprayed from the heater 10 per unit time by periodically opening and closing the injection valve 20 repeatedly in a short time, and the periodic opening and closing of the injection valve 20 can be controlled by pulse width modulation. (PWM) to implement. For example, the injection valve 20 receives a control signal transmitted from the controller 40 in the form of a pulse having a predetermined period, when the pulse is high, the injection valve 20 is opened, and when the pulse is low, the injection valve 20 may be closed. Here, when the number of high pulses among the pulses delivered by the controller 40 increases, the injection valve may inject a larger amount of water from the heater 10 per unit time.
由此,每单位时间的喷射水量、即引入加热器10的水的喷射速度可通过使用喷射阀20来确定。当喷射速度变快时,在加热器10内加热引入加热器10的水的时间段缩短,因此,会降低从加热器10喷出的水的温度。相反,当喷射速度减小时,引入加热器10的水留在加热器10内的时间段增大,因而,由加热器10引入的水的加热时间增大,并且从加热器获得的水的温度升高。Thus, the amount of sprayed water per unit time, that is, the spraying speed of water introduced into the heater 10 can be determined by using the spray valve 20 . When the spray speed becomes faster, the time period for heating the water introduced into the heater 10 in the heater 10 is shortened, and thus, the temperature of the water sprayed from the heater 10 may be lowered. On the contrary, when the spray speed is decreased, the period of time that the water introduced into the heater 10 stays in the heater 10 increases, and thus, the heating time of the water introduced by the heater 10 increases, and the temperature of the water obtained from the heater raised.
在此,喷射阀20的开度可从完全打开连续调节到完全截止或者开度可根据预定数目的阶段来设定。例如,可将开度划分为从完全打开到完全截止的四个阶段。即,第一阶段可以是完全截止,第二阶段可以是1/3打开,第三阶段可以是2/3打开,且第四阶段可以是完全打开。在此情况下,喷射阀20可通过使用步进电机来以预定数目的阶段设定开度。Here, the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be continuously adjusted from fully open to fully closed or the opening degree can be set according to a predetermined number of stages. For example, the degree of opening can be divided into four stages from fully open to fully closed. That is, the first stage can be fully closed, the second stage can be 1/3 open, the third stage can be 2/3 open, and the fourth stage can be fully open. In this case, the injection valve 20 may set the opening degree in a predetermined number of steps by using a stepping motor.
在此,喷射阀20可具有初始开度,以将初始喷射时的喷射温度控制为目标温度。即,为了从由加热器10获得水时起分配具有目标温度的水,可通过控制器40来设定喷射阀20的初始开度。Here, the injection valve 20 may have an initial opening to control the injection temperature at the initial injection to a target temperature. That is, in order to dispense water having a target temperature from when water is obtained from the heater 10 , the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 may be set by the controller 40 .
温度传感器31可测量喷射水的喷射温度。作为温度传感器31,只要它能测量水温,可采用任何温度传感器。如图1中所示,温度传感器31可设置在喷射阀20和加热器10之间。由此,当喷射阀20完全截止时,由温度传感器31测量的喷射温度可以是储存在加热器10内的水温。The temperature sensor 31 may measure the injection temperature of the injection water. As the temperature sensor 31, any temperature sensor can be used as long as it can measure the water temperature. As shown in FIG. 1 , a temperature sensor 31 may be provided between the injection valve 20 and the heater 10 . Thus, when the injection valve 20 is fully closed, the injection temperature measured by the temperature sensor 31 may be the temperature of water stored in the heater 10 .
根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备还可包括注入温度传感器32。注入温度传感器32可测量流入加热器10的水的入流温度。测得的入流温度可用于在之后设定喷射阀20的初始开度。The hot water supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an injection temperature sensor 32 . The injection temperature sensor 32 may measure the inflow temperature of water flowing into the heater 10 . The measured inflow temperature can then be used to set the initial opening of injection valve 20 .
当输入热水分配信号时,控制器可操作加热器10,并且为了从初始喷水开始喷射具有目标温度的水,控制器40可设定喷射阀20的初始开度。When a hot water dispensing signal is input, the controller may operate the heater 10, and the controller 40 may set an initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 in order to spray water having a target temperature from the initial water spraying.
如上讨论,由温度传感器31测得的喷射温度可等于储存在加热器10内的水的温度。由此,通过在初始喷水的情况下根据喷射温度来区分开喷射阀20的初始开度,可由实验来获得喷射阀20的最适当开度。即,根据测得的喷射温度,可将预设定的开度设定为喷射阀20的初始开度,由此,可从初始喷水开始喷射接近于目标温度的水。As discussed above, the spray temperature measured by the temperature sensor 31 may be equal to the temperature of water stored in the heater 10 . Thus, by differentiating the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the injection temperature in the case of initial water injection, the optimum opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be obtained experimentally. That is, based on the measured spraying temperature, a preset opening can be set as the initial opening of the spray valve 20, whereby water close to the target temperature can be sprayed from the initial spraying.
在此,控制器40可测量最近一次喷水时间和下一次喷水时间之间的使用等待时间,并且根据使用等待时间和喷射温度来设定喷射阀20的初始开度。即,控制器40可考虑使用等待时间和喷射温度来设定初始开度。Here, the controller 40 may measure the use waiting time between the latest water spraying time and the next water spraying time, and set the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the use waiting time and the spraying temperature. That is, the controller 40 may set the initial opening degree in consideration of the waiting time and the injection temperature.
同样,控制器40可接收注入到加热器10内的水的入流温度,并且通过接收到的入流温度、加热器加热容量和目标温度来计算将从加热器喷出的喷水量。由此,控制器40可通过使用计算出的喷射量来设定喷射阀20的初始开度。Also, the controller 40 may receive the inflow temperature of water injected into the heater 10, and calculate the spray water amount to be sprayed from the heater through the received inflow temperature, heater heating capacity, and target temperature. Thus, the controller 40 can set the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 by using the calculated injection amount.
例如,控制器40可通过方程计算从加热器10喷射的初始喷水量,并且可根据计算出的喷射量来设定喷射阀20的初始开度。即,控制器40可在从注入温度传感器32接收入流温度时更精确地设定喷射阀20的初始开度。在此,V是喷射水的体积,w是加热器10的加热器加热容量,c是水的比热,ρ是水的密度,Δt是加热时间,T1是目标温度,而T是入流温度。For example, the controller 40 can pass the equation An initial injection amount of water injected from the heater 10 is calculated, and an initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 may be set according to the calculated injection amount. That is, the controller 40 may more accurately set the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 when receiving the inflow temperature from the injection temperature sensor 32 . Here, V is the volume of sprayed water, w is the heater heating capacity of the heater 10, c is the specific heat of water, ρ is the density of water, Δt is the heating time, T1 is the target temperature, and T is the inflow temperature.
在初始喷水之后,控制器40可根据喷射温度值的变化量来控制喷射阀的开度。After the initial spraying of water, the controller 40 may control the opening degree of the spraying valve according to the change amount of the spraying temperature value.
如上讨论那样,流入加热器10的水温可与加热器加热容量和加热器10的加热时间成比例地增大。As discussed above, the temperature of the water flowing into the heater 10 may increase in proportion to the heating capacity of the heater and the heating time of the heater 10 .
一般来说,均匀地保持加热器加热容量,因此,控制器40可通过调节喷射阀20的开度来控制加热器加热引入的水的加热时间。由此,控制器40可根据由温度传感器31测得的喷射温度、通过调节喷射阀20的开度来将从加热器10喷出的水的温度控制成目标温度。In general, the heating capacity of the heater is uniformly maintained, and therefore, the controller 40 may control the heating time for the heater to heat the introduced water by adjusting the opening degree of the injection valve 20 . Thus, the controller 40 can control the temperature of the water sprayed from the heater 10 to the target temperature by adjusting the opening degree of the spray valve 20 according to the spray temperature measured by the temperature sensor 31 .
详细来说,控制器40可获得喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值并且将喷射阀20的开度控制成开度与该差值成比例。即,当喷射温度高于目标温度时,控制器40可将喷射阀打开与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值成比例的程度,并且当喷射温度低于目标温度时,控制器40可将喷射阀关闭与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值成比例的程度。在此,在调节喷射阀20的开度时,喷射阀20的开度可通过使用根据喷射阀关闭与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值产生的比例表达式或者通过使用根据喷射温度由实验获得的表格来设定。In detail, the controller 40 may obtain the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature and control the opening of the injection valve 20 to be proportional to the difference. That is, when the injection temperature is higher than the target temperature, the controller 40 may open the injection valve to a degree proportional to the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature, and when the injection temperature is lower than the target temperature, the controller 40 may open the The degree to which the injection valve closes is proportional to the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature. Here, when adjusting the opening degree of the injection valve 20, the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be obtained by using a proportional expression generated according to the difference between the injection valve closing and the injection temperature and the target temperature or by using an experimental value based on the injection temperature. Get the form to set.
然而,如上所述,加热器10的加热器加热容量可通过商用交流电电源的电压变化量来变化。由此,为了更精确地调节温度,较佳地,甚至可考虑由于商用交流电电源的电压变化量造成的加热器加热容量的变化量来设定喷射阀20的初始开度。However, as described above, the heater heating capacity of the heater 10 can be changed by the amount of voltage variation of the commercial AC power supply. Thus, in order to adjust the temperature more accurately, it is preferable to set the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 even considering the amount of change in heating capacity of the heater due to the amount of change in voltage of the commercial AC power supply.
至此,加热器10还可包括检测由电源供给的供给电压的电压检测单元,且控制器40可由供给电压获得加热器加热容量。详细来说,可由供给电压来获得实际施加于加热器10的加热器电压值,而加热器10的实际加热器加热容量可通过使用加热器电压来计算。即,控制器40可通过将加热器10的电阻值和加热器电压替换为为P=V*I=V^2/R来计算实际的加热器加热容量。So far, the heater 10 may further include a voltage detection unit that detects a supply voltage supplied from a power source, and the controller 40 may obtain the heating capacity of the heater from the supply voltage. In detail, the heater voltage value actually applied to the heater 10 may be obtained from the supply voltage, and the actual heater heating capacity of the heater 10 may be calculated by using the heater voltage. That is, the controller 40 may calculate the actual heater heating capacity by substituting the resistance value of the heater 10 and the heater voltage as P=V*I=V̂2/R.
首先,为了对应于喷射温度来设定喷射阀20的初始开度,控制器40可使用实际计算的加热器加热容量。即,尽管喷射温度相同,如果测得的加热器加热容量不同,则初始开度会不同,且喷射阀10的最适当开度可根据初始喷水时间时的喷射温度和测得的加热器加热容量来由实验获得。由此,根据测得的喷射温度和加热器加热容量设定的开度可设定为喷射阀20的初始开度,由此,可从初始喷水时间开始就喷射接近于目标温度的水。First, in order to set the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 corresponding to the injection temperature, the controller 40 may use the actually calculated heating capacity of the heater. That is, although the injection temperature is the same, if the measured heater heating capacity is different, the initial opening will be different, and the optimum opening of the injection valve 10 can be determined according to the injection temperature at the initial water injection time and the measured heater heating. The capacity is obtained by experiment. Thus, the opening degree set according to the measured spraying temperature and heater heating capacity can be set as the initial opening degree of the spray valve 20, whereby water close to the target temperature can be sprayed from the initial water spraying time.
同样,当接收到注入到加热器10内的水的入流温度时,从加热器10喷出的初始喷水量V可通过将实际计算的加热器加热容量替换为上述方程中的加热器加热容量w来计算。在此情况下,加热器加热容量可基于实际施加于加热器10的电压来计算,基于该加热器加热容量可调节喷射阀20的初始开度,由此可更精确地调节温度。Also, when receiving the inflow temperature of the water injected into the heater 10, the initial water spray volume V sprayed from the heater 10 can be obtained by substituting the actual calculated heating capacity of the heater into the above equation The heating capacity w of the heater in is calculated. In this case, the heater heating capacity may be calculated based on the voltage actually applied to the heater 10, based on which heater heating capacity the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 may be adjusted, whereby the temperature may be adjusted more precisely.
在初始喷水之后,控制器40可利用实际计算的加热器加热容量来根据喷射温度值的变化量控制喷射阀20的开度。详细来说,可设定与加热器加热容量成比例的比例因子,并且可与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值成比例地设定喷射阀40的开度。在调节喷射阀20的开度时,喷射阀20的开度可通过使用根据加热器加热容量以及喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值产生的比例表达式或者通过使用根据加热器加热容量以及喷射温度由实验获得的表格来设定。After the initial water spraying, the controller 40 may control the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the amount of change in the spraying temperature value using the actually calculated heating capacity of the heater. In detail, a scaling factor proportional to the heating capacity of the heater may be set, and an opening degree of the injection valve 40 may be set in proportion to a difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature. When adjusting the opening degree of the injection valve 20, the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be obtained by using a proportional expression generated according to the heater heating capacity and the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature or by using the heater heating capacity and the injection temperature. The temperature was set from an experimentally obtained table.
例如,由电压检测单元测得的供给电压可量化为200V、210V、220V、230V、240V和250V,并且可有根据每个供给电压值事先设定的比例因子。由此,喷射阀20的开度可通过使用比例因子和喷射温度来调节。在此,比例因子可通过实验获得。For example, the supply voltage measured by the voltage detection unit may be quantized as 200V, 210V, 220V, 230V, 240V, and 250V, and may have a scaling factor set in advance according to each supply voltage value. Thus, the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be adjusted by using the proportional factor and the injection temperature. Here, the scaling factor can be obtained experimentally.
在此,控制器40基于由电压检测单元测得的供给电压来直接计算出加热器加热容量,因此,控制器可根据商用交流电电源的电压变化量来进行控制。由此,可提供具有使用者所期望的目标温度的水,而甚至在商用交流电电源的电压范围是不同的国际间情形仍无须进行设置过程。即,甚至在商用交流电电源的电压范围是不同的国际间情形仍可提供一致性。Here, the controller 40 directly calculates the heating capacity of the heater based on the supply voltage measured by the voltage detection unit, so the controller can perform control according to the voltage change amount of the commercial AC power supply. Thereby, water having a target temperature desired by the user can be provided without performing a setting process even in an international situation where the voltage range of the commercial AC power source is different. That is, uniformity can be provided even in international situations where the voltage ranges of commercial AC power sources are different.
然而,热水供给设备是直接型热水供给设备,因此,尽管喷射阀20的初始开度根据喷射温度来设定,但引入的水的加热会是不够的,并且会提供不具有目标温度的水。然而,使用者会以他热水供给设备提供具有目标温度的水的预期来喷射水,因此,对于热水供给设备来说重要的是甚至在初始喷水时间内就提供具有目标温度的水。However, the hot water supply equipment is a direct type hot water supply equipment, therefore, although the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 is set according to the injection temperature, the heating of the introduced water will be insufficient, and water not having the target temperature will be provided. water. However, the user sprays water with the expectation that his hot water supply device will provide water with a target temperature, and therefore, it is important for the hot water supply device to provide water with a target temperature even within the initial water spray time.
因此,当储存在加热器10内的水的温度低于预加热的参考温度时,控制器40可在打开喷射阀20之前、于预加热时间段过程中操作加热器10。Therefore, when the temperature of the water stored in the heater 10 is lower than the pre-heating reference temperature, the controller 40 may operate the heater 10 during the pre-heating period before opening the injection valve 20 .
即,在喷射储存于加热器10内的水之前,可起初加热储存于加热器10内的水,以执行预加热以升高温度,此后可开始喷射水。在此情况下,在使用者输入了要求供给热水的热水分配信号之后为了预加热而将响应时间延迟一段时间,但可从初始喷水时间开始就提供使用者所期望的目标温度的水。That is, before spraying the water stored in the heater 10, the water stored in the heater 10 may be initially heated to perform pre-heating to increase the temperature, after which the spraying of the water may start. In this case, after the user inputs a hot water dispensing signal requesting hot water supply, the response time is delayed for a while for preheating, but water at the target temperature desired by the user can be supplied from the initial spraying time. .
在此,热水供给设备可在将热水供给到使用者之后马上再次供给热水。在此情况下,由于存在于加热器10内的水的温度已接近于目标温度,则无须预加热。相反,热水供给设备可在它已将热水供给到使用者之后长时间供给热水。例如,热水供给设备可在其初始供给热水之后两个小时供给热水。在此情况下,存在于加热器10内的水会变冷,从而具有与目标温度明显的差异。Here, the hot water supply facility may supply hot water again immediately after supplying the hot water to the user. In this case, since the temperature of the water present in the heater 10 is already close to the target temperature, no preheating is necessary. In contrast, a hot water supply device can supply hot water for a long time after it has supplied hot water to a user. For example, a hot water supply device may supply hot water two hours after it initially supplies hot water. In this case, the water present in the heater 10 becomes cold to have a significant difference from the target temperature.
由此,仅当储存的水的温度低于预加热参考温度、例如60摄氏度或以下时,控制器40可通过使用温度传感器31检查储存于加热器10内的水温。Thus, the controller 40 may check the temperature of water stored in the heater 10 by using the temperature sensor 31 only when the temperature of the stored water is lower than a pre-heating reference temperature, eg, 60 degrees Celsius or below.
同样,控制器40可将预加热时间设定成当储存于加热器10内的水的温度、即喷射温度较低时,延长预加热时间。由于喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值增大,可将预加热时间设定为加长,以充分加热储存于加热器10内的水。相反,当喷射温度较高时,由于温度接近于目标温度,可将储存于加热器10内的水加热足以达到目标温度的较短时间段。Also, the controller 40 may set the preheating time to be longer when the temperature of the water stored in the heater 10, that is, the spraying temperature, is lower. As the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature increases, the preheating time may be set to be longer to sufficiently heat the water stored in the heater 10 . On the contrary, when the injection temperature is high, since the temperature is close to the target temperature, the water stored in the heater 10 can be heated for a short period of time sufficient to reach the target temperature.
此外,控制器40可测量最近一次喷水时间和下一次喷水时间之间的使用等待时间,并且根据测得的喷射温度来设定预加热时间和喷射阀20的开度。In addition, the controller 40 may measure the use waiting time between the latest water spraying time and the next water spraying time, and set the preheating time and the opening degree of the spraying valve 20 according to the measured spraying temperature.
当停止热水分配信号的输入时,热水供给设备可完全截止喷射阀20,以切断热水供给,并且在此情况下,储存于加热器10内的水可以处于已加热到目标温度的状态。然而,在此情况下,当热水供给设备之后不再操作时,储存在加热器10内的水的温度会随着时间降低。由此,喷射阀20的开度可考虑到使用等待时间以及目标温度和喷射温度之间的温度差值来设定。When the input of the hot water dispensing signal is stopped, the hot water supply device can completely shut off the injection valve 20 to cut off the hot water supply, and in this case, the water stored in the heater 10 can be in a state of being heated to a target temperature . However, in this case, when the hot water supply device is not operated after that, the temperature of the water stored in the heater 10 may decrease with time. Thus, the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be set in consideration of the use waiting time and the temperature difference between the target temperature and the injection temperature.
此外,为了快速分配具有目标温度的水,控制器40可根据喷射温度值的变化量来调节喷射阀20的开度。将参照图4和5来描述与控制器40的操作有关的具体操作。In addition, in order to quickly dispense water having a target temperature, the controller 40 may adjust the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the amount of change in the injection temperature value. Specific operations related to the operation of the controller 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 .
图4(a)是示出在第一次喷水情况下的喷水温度的曲线图。即,图4(a)示出从最近喷水之后经过了一定时间之后喷射热水的曲线图。参照图4(a),可看到喷射温度汇聚为目标温度,且这可通过如上所述控制喷射阀的开度来获得。Fig. 4(a) is a graph showing the spray water temperature in the case of the first water spray. That is, FIG. 4( a ) shows a graph of spraying hot water after a certain period of time has elapsed since the latest water spraying. Referring to FIG. 4( a ), it can be seen that the injection temperature converges to the target temperature, and this can be obtained by controlling the opening degree of the injection valve as described above.
然而,在此情况下,如图4(a)中所示,喷射温度在将喷射温度汇聚为目标温度的过程中基于目标温度上下波动,并且根据喷射温度的波动,会不期望地向使用者供给非常热的水或冷水。同样,使喷射温度稳定到目标温度所需的时间会加长。由此,需要控制喷射阀20以将喷射温度曲线的波动减到最小。However, in this case, as shown in FIG. 4( a ), the ejection temperature fluctuates up and down based on the target temperature in the process of converging the ejection temperature to the target temperature, and according to the fluctuation of the ejection temperature, it may be undesirably presented to the user. Supply very hot or cold water. Also, the time required for the injection temperature to stabilize to the target temperature increases. Therefore, it is necessary to control the injection valve 20 to minimize fluctuations in the injection temperature curve.
图4(b)是示出在连续喷水情况下的喷水温度的曲线图。由于连续分配热水,喷射温度在初始阶段并未如图4(b)那样大幅上升,但在喷射温度曲线中出现波动。由此,需要控制喷射阀20以将波动减到最小。Fig. 4(b) is a graph showing spray water temperature in the case of continuous water spray. Due to the continuous dispensing of hot water, the injection temperature did not rise as much in the initial stage as in Fig. 4(b), but fluctuations appeared in the injection temperature curve. Therefore, it is necessary to control the injection valve 20 to minimize fluctuations.
因此,控制器40可计算喷射温度值的变化量,并且根据计算的变化量来调节喷射阀20的开度,由此将波动减到最小。Accordingly, the controller 40 may calculate the amount of change in the injection temperature value, and adjust the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the calculated amount of change, thereby minimizing fluctuations.
首先,控制器40可计算出喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值,并且根据差值来确定热水分配是首次喷水还是连续喷水。First, the controller 40 may calculate a difference between the spray temperature and the target temperature, and determine whether the hot water distribution is the first spray or the continuous spray according to the difference.
例如,当喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值等于或大于预设定值时,控制器40可确定热水提取是首次喷水,而当喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值小于预设定值时,控制器40可确定热水提取是连续喷水。For example, when the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is equal to or greater than a preset value, the controller 40 may determine that hot water extraction is the first water injection, and when the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is less than the preset value When set, the controller 40 can determine that hot water extraction is a continuous water spray.
在此,可在开始热水分配时的初始阶段获得喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值,并且在此情况下,可明显区分首次喷水和连续喷水。Here, the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature can be obtained at the initial stage when hot water distribution is started, and in this case, the first water injection and the continuous water injection can be clearly distinguished.
即,在首次喷水情况下,储存在加热器10内的水的温度可接近于室温(大约26摄氏度),但在连续喷水的情况下,由于已加热了水,则储存在加热器10内的水的温度可几乎等于目标温度(85摄氏度)。That is, in the case of the first water spray, the temperature of the water stored in the heater 10 can be close to room temperature (about 26 degrees Celsius), but in the case of continuous water spray, since the water has been heated, the temperature of the water stored in the heater 10 The temperature of the water inside can be almost equal to the target temperature (85 degrees Celsius).
由此,基于喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值,可区分首次喷水和连续喷水,并且喷射阀20可根据首次喷水和连续喷水来不同地控制。Thus, based on the difference between the spray temperature and the target temperature, the first water spray and the continuous water spray may be distinguished, and the spray valve 20 may be controlled differently according to the first water spray and the continuous water spray.
当热水提取是首次喷水时,控制器40可计算喷射温度的变化量,且根据喷射温度的变化量来调节喷射阀20的开度。When hot water is injected for the first time, the controller 40 can calculate the variation of the injection temperature, and adjust the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the variation of the injection temperature.
可通过以每个预设定时间间隔来测量喷射温度并且计算测得的喷射温度值之间的差值来获得喷射温度的变化量。在此,当计算的喷射温度的变化量等于或大于第一参考变化量时,可认为喷射温度快速升高,并且在该情况下,可增大喷射温度曲线的波动次数和波动幅度。The amount of change in the injection temperature may be obtained by measuring the injection temperature at every preset time interval and calculating a difference between the measured injection temperature values. Here, when the calculated change amount of the injection temperature is equal to or greater than the first reference change amount, it may be considered that the injection temperature rises rapidly, and in this case, the number of fluctuations and the fluctuation width of the injection temperature profile may be increased.
由此,当变化量确定为快速增大时,喷射阀20的开度可固定于当计算该变化量时的开度,并且可将固定的开度保持第一预定时间段。即,为了降低喷射温度的变化量,可使根据喷射温度对喷射阀20开度的控制停止第一预设定时间段,由此,如图5中所示减小喷射温度的变化量。Thus, when the amount of change is determined to increase rapidly, the opening degree of injection valve 20 can be fixed at the opening degree when the amount of change was calculated, and the fixed opening degree can be maintained for the first predetermined period of time. That is, in order to reduce the variation in injection temperature, the control of the opening of the injection valve 20 according to the injection temperature may be stopped for a first preset period of time, thereby reducing the variation in injection temperature as shown in FIG. 5 .
参照图4(a),甚至在首次喷水的情况下,喷射温度可随着时间流逝而逐步增大,且喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值可小于预设定值。由此,在此情况下,控制器40能以与连续喷水相同的方式来控制喷射阀20的开度。下文中,将描述在连续喷水情况下对控制器40的操作。Referring to FIG. 4( a ), even in the case of spraying water for the first time, the spray temperature may gradually increase as time elapses, and the difference between the spray temperature and the target temperature may be smaller than a preset value. Thus, in this case, the controller 40 can control the opening degree of the injection valve 20 in the same manner as continuous water spraying. Hereinafter, the operation of the controller 40 in the case of continuous water spraying will be described.
当如上所述将热水提取确定为连续喷水时,可计算喷射温度的变化量,以及变化量是否等于或大于第二参考变化量。第二参考变化量可以是小于第一参考变化量的值。当变化量等于或大于第二参考变化量时,可认为喷射温度缓慢升高。When the hot water extraction is determined as the continuous spraying of water as described above, the change amount of the spray temperature may be calculated, and whether the change amount is equal to or greater than the second reference change amount. The second reference change amount may be a value smaller than the first reference change amount. When the amount of change is equal to or greater than the second reference amount of change, it may be considered that the injection temperature increases slowly.
当喷射温度缓慢升高时,预计到喷射温度的波动幅度和波动次数增大,由此,喷射阀20的开度可固定为计算该变化量时的开度。在此,固定的时间段可以是比第一预设定时间段短的第二预设定时间段,且喷射温度的变化量可通过停止对喷射阀20的控制来减小。When the injection temperature is slowly increased, it is expected that the fluctuation width and the number of fluctuations of the injection temperature increase, and thus, the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be fixed to the opening degree at the time of calculating the variation amount. Here, the fixed period of time may be a second preset period of time shorter than the first preset period of time, and the amount of change in the injection temperature may be reduced by stopping the control of the injection valve 20 .
由此,通过根据喷射温度的变化量来调节喷射阀20的开度,喷射温度可快速汇聚为目标温度,并且通过缩短喷射阀20的控制时间,可节约由于喷射阀20的控制所产生的能量消耗。Therefore, by adjusting the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the variation of the injection temperature, the injection temperature can quickly converge to the target temperature, and by shortening the control time of the injection valve 20, the energy generated by the control of the injection valve 20 can be saved. consume.
尽管未示出,但净水器可包含热水供给设备。净水器可包括过滤由主水供给系统所供给的自来水的净化过滤器,并且可将被净化过滤器净化的水引入加热器10。此后,净化的水可在加热器10内加热并且随后通过喷射阀20喷射以提供给使用者。在此,控制器40可控制喷射阀20的开度,以将分配水的温度调节到目标温度。相似地,控制器40可通过使用温度传感器31和注入温度传感器32来调节喷射阀20的开度,并且通过控制加热器10和喷射阀20来对引入加热器10的水预加热。Although not shown, the water purifier may include hot water supply equipment. The water purifier may include a purification filter that filters tap water supplied from a main water supply system, and may introduce water purified by the purification filter into the heater 10 . Thereafter, the purified water may be heated in the heater 10 and then sprayed through the spray valve 20 to be supplied to the user. Here, the controller 40 may control the opening degree of the injection valve 20 to adjust the temperature of the distribution water to a target temperature. Similarly, the controller 40 may adjust the opening degree of the injection valve 20 by using the temperature sensor 31 and the injection temperature sensor 32 , and preheat water introduced into the heater 10 by controlling the heater 10 and the injection valve 20 .
图2是示出根据本发明一实施例的热水供给方法的流程图,而图3是示出根据本发明一实施例的热水供给方法的初始喷射操作的流程图。2 is a flowchart illustrating a hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an initial injection operation of the hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
参照图2和3,根据本发明一实施例的热水供给设备可包括初始喷射操作(S10)和喷射控制操作(S20)。初始喷射操作(S10)可包括初始开度设定过程(S11)、预加热过程(S12)和初始打开过程(S13)。Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an initial injection operation ( S10 ) and an injection control operation ( S20 ). The initial spraying operation (S10) may include an initial opening degree setting process (S11), a preheating process (S12), and an initial opening process (S13).
下文中,将参照图2和3来描述根据本发明一实施例的热水供给方法。Hereinafter, a hot water supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 .
在初始喷射操作(S10)中,当输入热水供给信号时,设定用于调节从加热器喷射的喷水量的喷射阀的初始开度,并且喷射阀可打开预设定的开度。初始喷射操作(S10)是加热器根据输入的热水供给信号开始喷水的操作。在该操作中,可设定喷射阀的初始开度,以从初始喷水开始就分配具有目标温度的水。In the initial injection operation (S10), when a hot water supply signal is input, an initial opening degree of an injection valve for adjusting an amount of injection water injected from a heater is set, and the injection valve may be opened by a preset opening degree. The initial spraying operation (S10) is an operation in which the heater starts spraying water according to the input hot water supply signal. In this operation, the initial opening degree of the injection valve may be set to dispense water having a target temperature from the initial injection of water.
详细来说,初始喷射操作(S10)可包括初始开度设定操作(S11)和初始打开操作(S13)。In detail, the initial injection operation (S10) may include an initial opening degree setting operation (S11) and an initial opening operation (S13).
在初始开度设定操作(S11)中,可根据喷射温度将预设定的开度设定为喷射阀的初始开度。In the initial opening degree setting operation (S11), a preset opening degree may be set as the initial opening degree of the injection valve according to the injection temperature.
通过使用定位在加热器和喷射阀之间的温度传感器来测量喷射温度。在打开喷射阀之前,喷射温度可以是储存在加热器内的水的温度。由此,储存在加热器内的水的温度可通过使用打开喷射阀之前的喷射温度来测量,并且喷射阀的初始开度可根据测得的水温来设定。The injection temperature is measured by using a temperature sensor positioned between the heater and the injection valve. The injection temperature may be the temperature of water stored in the heater before opening the injection valve. Thus, the temperature of water stored in the heater can be measured by using the injection temperature before opening the injection valve, and the initial opening degree of the injection valve can be set according to the measured water temperature.
详细来说,储存在加热器内的水的温度可根据从最近一次喷水开始经过的时间来变化,因此,需要根据储存在加热器内的水温来改变初始开度。In detail, the temperature of water stored in the heater may vary according to the elapsed time from the latest spraying of water, and therefore, the initial opening degree needs to be changed according to the temperature of water stored in the heater.
例如,当从最后一次喷射水起经过一分钟时,储存的水的温度可接近于目标温度,因此,无须加热水较长时间,由此,可设定初始开度以允许喷射相对大量的水。For example, when one minute has elapsed since the last spraying of water, the temperature of the stored water can be close to the target temperature, therefore, it is not necessary to heat the water for a long time, whereby the initial opening can be set to allow a relatively large amount of water to be sprayed .
同时,当从最后一次喷射水开始经过两个小时时,储存的水的温度会与目标温度显著不同,因此,需要通过加热器加热水一段较长时间。在此情况下,可设定初始开度以允许喷射相对较小的水量。Meanwhile, when two hours have elapsed from the last spraying of water, the temperature of the stored water may be significantly different from the target temperature, and therefore, the water needs to be heated by the heater for a long period of time. In this case, the initial opening can be set to allow a relatively small amount of water to be sprayed.
在此,关于取决于喷射温度的初始开度,可通过根据测得的喷射温度改变喷射阀的初始开度来由实验获得最适当的初始开度,由此,可根据对应的喷射温度预先设定喷射阀的初始开度。Here, with regard to the initial opening degree depending on the injection temperature, the most appropriate initial opening degree can be obtained experimentally by changing the initial opening degree of the injection valve according to the measured injection temperature, whereby the initial opening degree can be preset according to the corresponding injection temperature. Determine the initial opening of the injection valve.
此外,如上讨论那样,可根据从最近喷水时间起经过的时间、即最近一次喷射时间和下一次喷水时间之间的使用等待时间来改变储存在加热器内的水的温度。由此,在初始开度设定操作(S11)中,测量最近一次喷水时间和下一次喷水时间之间的使用等待时间,并且可通过使用等待时间和喷射时间来设定喷射阀的初始开度。In addition, as discussed above, the temperature of the water stored in the heater may be changed according to the elapsed time from the latest water spraying time, ie, the use waiting time between the latest water spraying time and the next water spraying time. Thus, in the initial opening degree setting operation (S11), the use waiting time between the latest water spraying time and the next water spraying time is measured, and the initial opening of the injection valve can be set by using the waiting time and the spraying time. opening.
在初始开度设定操作(S11)中,除了喷射温度外,可进一步接收引入加热器的水的入流温度,基于该入流温度可设定喷射阀的初始开度。In the initial opening degree setting operation ( S11 ), in addition to the injection temperature, an inflow temperature of water introduced into the heater may be further received, based on which the initial opening degree of the injection valve may be set.
详细来说,喷射具有目标温度的水所需的加热器的初始喷水量可通过使用方程来计算,并且可根据计算的加热器的初始喷射量来设定喷射阀的初始开度。即,可在接收到入流温度时更精确地设定喷射阀的初始开度。在此,V是喷射水的体积,w是加热器10的加热器加热容量,c是水的比热,ρ是水的密度,Δt是加热时间,T1是目标温度,而T2是入流温度。In detail, the initial spray volume of the heater required to spray water with the target temperature can be calculated by using the equation to calculate, and the initial opening of the injection valve can be set according to the calculated initial injection quantity of the heater. That is, it is possible to more accurately set the initial opening degree of the injection valve upon receiving the inflow temperature. Here, V is the volume of sprayed water, w is the heater heating capacity of the heater 10, c is the specific heat of water, ρ is the density of water, Δt is the heating time, T1 is the target temperature, and T2 is the inflow temperature.
然而,在此情况下,基于加热器的加热器加热容量是均匀的假设来设定初始温度,但实际上,加热器的加热器加热容量可根据向加热器供给电源的商用交流电电源的电压变化量来改变。由此,为了设定喷射阀的更精确的初始开度,需要考虑加热器加热容量的变化。However, in this case, the initial temperature is set based on the assumption that the heater heating capacity of the heater is uniform, but actually, the heater heating capacity of the heater can vary depending on the voltage of the commercial AC power supply that supplies power to the heater amount to change. Therefore, in order to set a more accurate initial opening degree of the injection valve, it is necessary to take into consideration the variation in the heating capacity of the heater.
至此,初始喷射操作(S10)还可包括加热器加热容量计算操作(未示出),并且在加热器加热容量计算操作中,可测量由电源供给的供给电压,并且可通过使用供给电压来计算加热器加热容量。So far, the initial spraying operation (S10) may also include a heater heating capacity calculation operation (not shown), and in the heater heating capacity calculation operation, the supply voltage supplied from the power source may be measured, and may be calculated by using the supply voltage Heater heating capacity.
详细来说,在加热器加热容量计算操作中,由电源供给的交流电供给电压可转化成直流电电压,并且转化的直流电电压可量化以检测供给电压。即,由电源供给的交流电电压被半波整流、滤波和压降以转化成直流电电压,此后,直流电电压通过ADC量化以由此测量供给电压。由此,当供给从198V变化到253V的220V的商用交流电电压时,功率以10V间隔来划分,以作为200V、210V、220V、230V、240V和250V中的任一个来测量。由于加热器的电阻值是均匀的,当测量供给电压时,可获得施加于加热器的加热器电压值,并且可通过使用P=V*I=V^2/R来容易地计算加热器加热容量。In detail, in the heater heating capacity calculation operation, an AC supply voltage supplied from a power source may be converted into a DC voltage, and the converted DC voltage may be quantified to detect the supply voltage. That is, an AC voltage supplied from a power source is half-wave rectified, filtered, and dropped to be converted into a DC voltage, and thereafter, the DC voltage is quantized by an ADC to thereby measure a supply voltage. Thus, when a commercial AC voltage of 220V varying from 198V to 253V is supplied, power is divided at 10V intervals to be measured as any one of 200V, 210V, 220V, 230V, 240V, and 250V. Since the resistance value of the heater is uniform, when the supply voltage is measured, the value of the heater voltage applied to the heater can be obtained, and the heater heating can be easily calculated by using P=V*I=V^2/R capacity.
此后,在初始开度设定操作(S11)中,在加热器加热容量计算操作过程中通过使用计算出的加热器加热容量来设定喷射阀的开度。详细来说,在初始开度设定操作(S11)中,尽管喷射温度是均匀的,如果计算出的加热器加热容量不同,则可改变喷射阀的开度,并且可根据初次喷水时间时的喷射温度以及测得的加热器加热容量来实验上获得喷射阀的最适当开度。由此,可根据测得的喷射温度和加热器加热容量将预定的开度设定为喷射阀的初始开度。Thereafter, in the initial opening degree setting operation (S11), the opening degree of the injection valve is set by using the calculated heater heating capacity during the heater heating capacity calculation operation. In detail, in the initial opening degree setting operation (S11), although the spraying temperature is uniform, if the calculated heating capacity of the heater is different, the opening degree of the spraying valve can be changed, and it can be adjusted according to the initial water spraying time. The injection temperature and the measured heating capacity of the heater are used to experimentally obtain the most appropriate opening of the injection valve. Thus, a predetermined opening degree can be set as the initial opening degree of the injection valve based on the measured injection temperature and the heating capacity of the heater.
同样,当接收到注入到加热器内的水的入流温度时,从加热器10喷出的初始喷水量V可通过将实际计算的加热器加热容量替代为上述方程 中的加热器加热容量w来计算。在此情况下,加热器加热容量可基于实际施加于加热器10的电压来计算,基于该加热器加热容量可调节喷射阀20的初始开度,由此可更精确地调节温度。Also, when receiving the inflow temperature of the water injected into the heater, the initial spray volume V from the heater 10 can be calculated by substituting the actual calculated heating capacity of the heater into the above equation The heating capacity w of the heater in is calculated. In this case, the heater heating capacity may be calculated based on the voltage actually applied to the heater 10, based on which heater heating capacity the initial opening degree of the injection valve 20 may be adjusted, whereby the temperature may be adjusted more precisely.
此外,在加热器加热容量计算操作中,以每个预设定时间间隔或者当输入热水分配信号时,可测量由电源供给的电压,即供给电压。这减小了用于测量供给电压所需的功率消耗。In addition, in the heater heating capacity calculation operation, the voltage supplied from the power source, ie, the supply voltage, may be measured at every preset time interval or when a hot water dispensing signal is input. This reduces the power consumption required for measuring the supply voltage.
尽管在初始开度设定操作(S11)中已设定用于分配具有目标温度的水的喷射阀的初始开度,但如果储存在加热器内的水的温度过低,则分配的水会未被充分加热,由此,会提供不具有目标温度的水。Although the initial opening of the injection valve for dispensing water having the target temperature has been set in the initial opening setting operation (S11), if the temperature of the water stored in the heater is too low, the dispensed water will Not sufficiently heated, thus, water not having the target temperature will be provided.
由此,初始喷射操作(S10)还包括预加热操作(S12)。当测得的喷射温度低于预加热参考温度时,加热器可操作成在预加热时间段过程中加热储存在加热器内的水。当储存在加热器内的水低于预加热参考温度时,在喷射之前预加热水。由此,当在预加热操作(S12)之后喷水时,可从首次喷水时间开始喷射具有目标温度的水。Thus, the initial spraying operation (S10) also includes a preheating operation (S12). The heater is operable to heat water stored in the heater during a pre-heating period when the measured spray temperature is lower than the pre-heating reference temperature. When the water stored in the heater is lower than the preheating reference temperature, the water is preheated before spraying. Thus, when water is sprayed after the preheating operation (S12), water having a target temperature may be sprayed from the first water spraying time.
详细来说,当测得的喷射温度低于60摄氏度时,可进行预加热操作(S12),并且在测得的喷射温度较低的情况下,将预加热时间设定为加长,以充分预加热加热器的水。In detail, when the measured injection temperature is lower than 60 degrees Celsius, the preheating operation (S12) can be performed, and when the measured injection temperature is low, the preheating time is set to be longer to fully preheat. Heat the water in the heater.
在此,初始开度设定操作(S11)和预加热操作(S12)可同时进行,或者可先进行预加热操作(S12),并且在初始开度设定操作(S11)中,可考虑在预加热操作(S12)过程中预加热的水的温度来设定喷射阀的初始开度。Here, the initial opening degree setting operation (S11) and the preheating operation (S12) may be performed simultaneously, or the preheating operation (S12) may be performed first, and in the initial opening degree setting operation (S11), it may be considered The temperature of the preheated water during the preheating operation (S12) is used to set the initial opening degree of the injection valve.
在初始打开操作(S13)中,喷射阀可根据喷射阀的预设定开度来打开。通过初始开度设定操作(S11)和预加热操作(S12)来提供具有目标温度的水,此后,可进行喷射控制操作(S20)以甚至在喷射水时连续提供具有目标温度的水。In the initial opening operation (S13), the injection valve may be opened according to a preset opening degree of the injection valve. Water with a target temperature is supplied through an initial opening degree setting operation (S11) and a preheating operation (S12), and thereafter, a spray control operation (S20) may be performed to continuously supply water with a target temperature even when water is sprayed.
在喷射控制操作(S20)中,从加热器喷射的水可通过控制喷射阀的开度而调节成具有目标温度。In the injection control operation (S20), the water injected from the heater may be adjusted to have a target temperature by controlling the opening degree of the injection valve.
在此,喷射阀的开度可根据喷射温度值的变化量来调节。详细来说,当喷射温度高于目标温度时,喷射阀可打开与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值成比例的程度,并且当喷射温度低于目标温度时,可将喷射阀关闭与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值成比例的程度。Here, the opening degree of the injection valve can be adjusted according to the variation of the injection temperature value. In detail, when the injection temperature is higher than the target temperature, the injection valve can be opened to a degree proportional to the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature, and when the injection temperature is lower than the target temperature, the injection valve can be closed in accordance with the injection The degree to which the difference between the temperature and the target temperature is proportional.
当加热器的加热器加热容量是均匀的时,从加热器喷射的水的温度可与加热器加热水的时间段长度成比例地增大。当更大程度地打开喷射阀时,增大每单位时间的喷水量,由此,加热器加热水的时间段缩短。同时,当关闭喷射阀时,减少每单位时间的喷水量,由此,加热器加热水的时间段加长。When the heater heating capacities of the heaters are uniform, the temperature of water sprayed from the heaters may increase in proportion to the length of time period in which the heaters heat the water. When the injection valve is opened to a greater extent, the amount of sprayed water per unit time is increased, and thus, the time period in which the heater heats water is shortened. At the same time, when the injection valve is closed, the amount of sprayed water per unit time is reduced, whereby the time period in which the heater heats water is lengthened.
由此,在喷射控制操作(S20)中,可通过调节喷射阀的开度来调节从加热器喷射的水的温度,并且可将从加热器喷射的水的温度调节成达到目标温度。Thus, in the injection control operation (S20), the temperature of water injected from the heater can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the injection valve, and the temperature of water injected from the heater can be adjusted to reach the target temperature.
同样,在喷射控制操作(S20)中,可接收注入到加热器内的水的入流温度,并且通过使用入流温度、加热器的加热器加热容量和目标温度来调节喷射阀的开度。Also, in the injection control operation (S20), an inflow temperature of water injected into the heater may be received, and an opening degree of the injection valve may be adjusted by using the inflow temperature, a heater heating capacity of the heater, and a target temperature.
详细来说,为了通过使用入流温度、加热器加热容量和目标温度来喷射具有目标温度的水,可计算所需的喷射量,并且可基于计算的喷射量来调节喷射阀的开度。In detail, in order to inject water having a target temperature by using the inflow temperature, heater heating capacity, and target temperature, a required injection amount may be calculated, and an opening degree of the injection valve may be adjusted based on the calculated injection amount.
例如,喷射具有目标温度的水所需的加热器的喷水量可通过使用方程 来计算,并且可根据计算的喷射量来设定喷射阀的开度。即,可在接收到入流温度时更精确地设定喷射阀的开度。在此,V是喷射水的体积,w是加热器10的加热器加热容量,c是水的比热,ρ是水的密度,Δt是加热时间,T1是目标温度,而T2是入流温度。For example, the amount of water sprayed by a heater required to spray water with a target temperature can be determined by using the equation to calculate, and the opening of the injection valve can be set according to the calculated injection quantity. That is, it is possible to more accurately set the opening degree of the injection valve upon receiving the inflow temperature. Here, V is the volume of sprayed water, w is the heater heating capacity of the heater 10, c is the specific heat of water, ρ is the density of water, Δt is the heating time, T1 is the target temperature, and T2 is the inflow temperature.
然而,在此情况下,如上讨论那样,加热器加热容量可变化,因此,为了更精确地控制温度,可通过使用在加热器加热容量计算操作过程中测量的加热器的实际加热器加热容量来调节喷射阀的开度。However, in this case, as discussed above, the heater heating capacity may vary, and therefore, in order to control the temperature more precisely, it is possible to calculate the temperature by using the actual heater heating capacity of the heater measured during the heater heating capacity calculation operation Adjust the opening of the injection valve.
详细来说,可设定与加热器加热容量成比例的比例因子,并且可与喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值成比例地设定喷射阀的开度。至此,可使用根据喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值产生的比例表达式以及加热器加热容量,或者可使用根据加热器加热容量和喷射温度由实验产生的表格。In detail, a scaling factor proportional to the heating capacity of the heater may be set, and an opening degree of the injection valve may be set in proportion to a difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature. Heretofore, a proportional expression generated from the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature and the heater heating capacity may be used, or a table generated experimentally from the heater heating capacity and the injection temperature may be used.
同样,当输入注入加热器内的水的温度时,加热器的喷射量可通过将实际计算的加热器加热容量替代为上述方程中的加热器加热容量(w)来计算。Also, when the temperature of the water injected into the heater is input, the injection amount of the heater can be calculated by substituting the actual calculated heating capacity of the heater into the above equation The heating capacity (w) of the heater in is calculated.
在喷射控制操作(S20)中,为了快速地分配具有目标温度的水,可通过使用喷射温度值的变化量来调节喷射阀的开度。In the injection control operation (S20), in order to quickly dispense water having a target temperature, the opening degree of the injection valve may be adjusted by using a change amount of the injection temperature value.
图4(a)是示出在首次喷水情况下的喷水温度的曲线图。即,图4(a)示出从最近喷水起经过一定时间之后喷射热水的曲线图。参照图4(a),可看到喷射温度汇聚为目标温度,且这可通过如上所述控制喷射阀的开度来获得。Fig. 4(a) is a graph showing the spray water temperature in the case of the first water spray. That is, FIG. 4( a ) shows a graph of spraying hot water after a certain period of time has elapsed since the latest water spraying. Referring to FIG. 4( a ), it can be seen that the injection temperature converges to the target temperature, and this can be obtained by controlling the opening degree of the injection valve as described above.
然而,在此情况下,如图4(a)中所示,喷射温度在将喷射温度汇聚为目标温度的过程中基于目标温度上下波动,并且根据喷射温度的波动,会不期望地向使用者供给非常热的水或冷水。同样,使喷射温度稳定到目标温度所需的时间会加长。由此,需要控制喷射阀以将喷射温度曲线的波动减到最小。However, in this case, as shown in FIG. 4( a ), the ejection temperature fluctuates up and down based on the target temperature in the process of converging the ejection temperature to the target temperature, and according to the fluctuation of the ejection temperature, it may be undesirably presented to the user. Supply very hot or cold water. Also, the time required for the injection temperature to stabilize to the target temperature increases. Therefore, it is necessary to control the injection valve to minimize fluctuations in the injection temperature curve.
图4(b)是示出在连续喷水情况下的喷水温度的曲线图。由于连续分配热水,喷射温度在初始阶段并未如图4(b)那样大幅上升,但在喷射温度曲线中出现波动。由此,需要控制喷射阀以将波动减到最小。Fig. 4(b) is a graph showing spray water temperature in the case of continuous water spray. Due to the continuous dispensing of hot water, the injection temperature did not rise as much in the initial stage as in Fig. 4(b), but fluctuations appeared in the injection temperature curve. Therefore, it is necessary to control the injection valve to minimize the fluctuation.
由此,在喷射控制操作(S20)中,根据计算的变化量来调节喷射温度值的变化量和喷射阀的开度,以使波动减到最小。Thus, in the injection control operation (S20), the change amount of the injection temperature value and the opening degree of the injection valve are adjusted according to the calculated change amount so as to minimize the fluctuation.
首先,在喷射控制操作(S20)中,计算喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值,并且根据差值来确定热水分配是首次喷水还是连续喷水。First, in the injection control operation (S20), a difference between an injection temperature and a target temperature is calculated, and whether hot water distribution is an initial injection or a continuous injection is determined according to the difference.
当喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值等于或大于预设定值时,热水分配可确定为首次喷水,而当喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值小于预设定值时,热水分配可确定为连续喷水。When the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is equal to or greater than the preset value, the hot water distribution can be determined as the first water spray, and when the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature is smaller than the preset value, the hot water Water distribution can be determined as a continuous spray of water.
在此,可在热水分配开始时的初始阶段获得喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值,并且在此情况下,可明显区分首次喷水和连续喷水。Here, the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature can be obtained at the initial stage when hot water distribution starts, and in this case, the first water injection and the continuous water injection can be clearly distinguished.
即,在首次喷水情况下,储存在加热器内的水的温度可接近于室温(大约26摄氏度),但在连续喷水的情况下,由于已加热水,则储存在加热器10内的水的温度可几乎等于目标温度(85摄氏度)。That is, in the case of the first water spray, the temperature of the water stored in the heater can be close to room temperature (about 26 degrees Celsius), but in the case of continuous water spray, since the water has been heated, the temperature of the water stored in the heater 10 The temperature of the water may be almost equal to the target temperature (85 degrees Celsius).
由此,基于喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值,可区分首次喷水和连续喷水,并且可根据首次喷水和连续喷水来不同地控制喷射阀20。Thus, based on the difference between the injection temperature and the target temperature, the initial water spray and the continuous water spray may be distinguished, and the injection valve 20 may be controlled differently according to the initial water spray and the continuous water spray.
当热水提取是首次喷水时,控制器40可计算喷射温度的变化量,且根据喷射温度的变化量来调节喷射阀20的开度。When hot water is injected for the first time, the controller 40 can calculate the variation of the injection temperature, and adjust the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the variation of the injection temperature.
可通过以每个预设定时间间隔来测量喷射温度值并且计算测得的喷射温度值之间的差值来获得喷射温度的变化量。在此,当喷射温度的计算变化量等于或大于第一参考变化量时,可认为喷射温度快速升高,并且在该情况下,可增大喷射温度曲线的波动次数和波动幅度。The amount of change in the injection temperature may be obtained by measuring the injection temperature value every preset time interval and calculating a difference between the measured injection temperature values. Here, when the calculated change amount of the injection temperature is equal to or greater than the first reference change amount, it may be considered that the injection temperature rises rapidly, and in this case, the number of fluctuations and the fluctuation width of the injection temperature curve may be increased.
由此,当变化量确定为快速增大时,喷射阀20的开度可固定为当计算该变化量时的开度,并且可将固定的开度保持第一预定时间段。即,为了降低喷射温度的变化量,可将根据喷射温度对喷射阀20的开度的控制停止第一预设定时间段,由此,如图5中所示减小喷射温度的变化量。Thus, when the amount of change is determined to increase rapidly, the opening degree of injection valve 20 can be fixed at the opening degree when the amount of change was calculated, and the fixed opening degree can be maintained for the first predetermined period of time. That is, in order to reduce the variation in injection temperature, the control of the opening of the injection valve 20 according to the injection temperature may be stopped for a first preset period of time, thereby reducing the variation in injection temperature as shown in FIG. 5 .
参照图4(a),甚至在首次喷水的情况下,喷射温度可随着时间流逝逐步升高,且喷射温度和目标温度之间的差值可小于预设定值。由此,在此情况下,控制器40能以与连续喷水相同的方式来控制喷射阀20的开度。下文中,将描述在连续喷水情况下的控制方法。Referring to FIG. 4( a ), even in the case of spraying water for the first time, the spray temperature may gradually increase as time passes, and the difference between the spray temperature and the target temperature may be smaller than a preset value. Thus, in this case, the controller 40 can control the opening degree of the injection valve 20 in the same manner as continuous water spraying. Hereinafter, the control method in the case of continuous water spraying will be described.
当如上所述热水提取确定为连续喷水时,可计算喷射温度的变化量,以及变化量是否等于或大于第二参考变化量。第二参考变化量可以是小于第一参考变化量的值。当变化量等于或大于第二参考变化量时,可认为喷射温度缓慢升高。When the hot water extraction is determined as continuous water spraying as described above, the change amount of the spray temperature may be calculated, and whether the change amount is equal to or greater than the second reference change amount. The second reference change amount may be a value smaller than the first reference change amount. When the amount of change is equal to or greater than the second reference amount of change, it may be considered that the injection temperature increases slowly.
当喷射温度缓慢升高时,预计到喷射温度的波动幅度和波动次数增大,由此,喷射阀20的开度可固定于计算该变化量时的开度。在此,固定的时间段可以是比第一预设定时间段短的第二预设定时间段,且喷射温度的变化量可通过停止喷射阀20的控制来减小。When the injection temperature increases slowly, it is expected that the fluctuation width and the number of fluctuations of the injection temperature increase, whereby the opening degree of the injection valve 20 can be fixed at the opening degree at the time of calculating the variation amount. Here, the fixed time period may be a second preset time period shorter than the first preset time period, and the variation amount of the injection temperature may be reduced by stopping the control of the injection valve 20 .
由此,通过根据喷射温度的变化量来调节喷射阀20的开度,喷射温度可快速汇聚为目标温度,并且通过缩短喷射阀20的控制时间,可节约由于喷射阀20的控制所产生的能量消耗。Therefore, by adjusting the opening degree of the injection valve 20 according to the variation of the injection temperature, the injection temperature can quickly converge to the target temperature, and by shortening the control time of the injection valve 20, the energy generated by the control of the injection valve 20 can be saved. consume.
虽然已经结合实施例示出并描述了本发明,但是对于本领域普通技术人员明显的是,在没有脱离所附权利要求限定的、本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以进行修改和变型。While the present invention has been shown and described with respect to the embodiments, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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Application publication date: 20140903 |