WO2013098047A1 - Connecting device for electrical machines - Google Patents

Connecting device for electrical machines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013098047A1
WO2013098047A1 PCT/EP2012/074307 EP2012074307W WO2013098047A1 WO 2013098047 A1 WO2013098047 A1 WO 2013098047A1 EP 2012074307 W EP2012074307 W EP 2012074307W WO 2013098047 A1 WO2013098047 A1 WO 2013098047A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical
connection
metal
connecting device
line
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/074307
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ralf Kowalewski
Christian LIPPL
Christoph ROGGINGER
Norbert SCHÖNBAUER
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2013098047A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013098047A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/62—Connections between conductors of different materials; Connections between or with aluminium or steel-core aluminium conductors
    • H01R4/625—Soldered or welded connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections
    • H01R4/021—Soldered or welded connections between two or more cables or wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
    • H01R43/0207—Ultrasonic-, H.F.-, cold- or impact welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • B23K2101/38—Conductors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2101/00—One pole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/10—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for dynamoelectric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/22—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for transformers or coils

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a connection device for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electrical machine. Moreover, the present invention relates to an electric machine, which may be formed, for example, as a motor, generator, transformer or the like. Finally, the present invention relates to a method for producing a connecting device.
  • the electrical line elements or conductors in electrical machines are increasingly being replaced by conductors made of aluminum.
  • the windings of electrical machines are increasingly made of aluminum. Due to the partial replacement of the copper conductors by aluminum conductors, there is a need for mechanically and electrically connecting the copper conductors and the aluminum conductors in the electrical machine.
  • connection at the interface between the copper conductor and the aluminum conductors should be designed so that it achieves the longest possible service life even at high operating temperatures.
  • the reason for this is that can beispielswei ⁇ se of electric machines, which are used in wind turbines, permanent operating temperatures of up to 130 ° C occur.
  • the desired life for the connection of the windings or conductors in such an electric machine can be up to 25 years.
  • Another possibility could be to connect the copper conductors and the aluminum conductors together by soldering. With the solders, which are usually used for this, the required long life at high operating temperatures can not be guaranteed. It is therefore an object of the present invention to show a way, as well as for high operating temperatures between electrical line elements of an electrical machine, which are formed of different materials, a reliable connection can be created.
  • the connection device is a separate one Component which is formed of two connecting elements, which is made of different materials.
  • the first connecting element is used for electrical connection with the first electrical line element of the electrical machine and the second connecting element is the electrical Ver ⁇ bond with the second line element of the electric machine.
  • the first connecting element and the first electrical ⁇ cal line element are preferably made of the same material.
  • the second connection element and the second electrical conduction element are preferably made of the same material.
  • the first and the second electrical conduction element may for example be associated with or formed by a winding in the stator and / or the rotor of the electrical machine.
  • the first and second electrical Lei ⁇ processing element may also be a connecting element, a so-called busbar ⁇ be associated with or be formed by this, via which the electric machine can be supplied with electrical energy.
  • connection ⁇ device The first and the second connection element of the connection ⁇ device are electrically and mechanically connected to each other by a welding process. This type of conjunction durability can be ensured even at high ambient or operating temperature ⁇ tures that can occur in electrical motors or generators. By a welded joint, the negative effects on the connection of the two connecting elements, which arise for example by creeping, can be prevented
  • the first and second electrical Verbin ⁇ dung element are connected to each other by friction welding.
  • friction welding the first and the second Vietnamesesele- element are moved relative to each other, wherein the connection ⁇ elements touch at their respective connection points under pressure.
  • This method leads to a cohesive connection between the two connecting elements. Consequently can be created in a simple manner, a mechanically strong and electrically conductive connection between the two connecting elements.
  • the first electrical connection element is formed of copper and the second electrical connection element is formed of aluminum.
  • the Beg ⁇ reefs copper and aluminum also appropriate copper alloys and aluminum alloys are to be understood in the following, in addition to pure chemical elements. As materials but also all suitable metals and electrically conductive materials can be used. The materials should have the highest possible electrical conductivity.
  • the connection device is particularly suitable for connection of a first electrical conduction element, which is made of copper, and a second electrical conduction element, which is made of aluminum.
  • the first and the second connecting element each have a connection side, to which they are connected to each other, and one of the connection side ge ⁇ opposite terminal side, wherein the first connec ⁇ tion element between the connection side and the connection ⁇ side a larger spatial Has extension as the second connecting element.
  • the first connection element is longer than the second connection element.
  • the two connection elements of the connection device can be connected to the corresponding line elements of the electrical machine by a soldering process.
  • connection element and the first electrical conduction element both of which are preferably made of copper
  • a different solder may be used than in the connection of the second connection element and the second electrical conduction element, which are usually both made
  • the solder for the connection of the ⁇ elements of copper has a higher melting temperature than the solder for the connection of the two elements Aluminum. This can have the consequence that the connection ⁇ point of the two elements made of copper in soldering a higher temperature than the junction of the two Ele ⁇ elements made of aluminum.
  • the first connecting element is made longer in comparison to the second connecting element. As a result of this larger spatial extent, a higher temperature gradient can be achieved compared to the second connecting element . Thus, a thermal stress of the welded joint can be prevented.
  • the first and the second connecting element are at least partially formed as a wire.
  • ⁇ connection elements which are made of a wire, are readily available.
  • the first and second Ver ⁇ binding member has at least partially a rotationssym ⁇ metric cross-section.
  • the two Ver ⁇ binding members at the joint are of the same through ⁇ diameter.
  • they are particularly suitable for friction welding, since a welded connection can be achieved over the entire surface of the connection points of the connecting elements.
  • a reliable connection between the two connecting elements can be guaranteed by the welding process.
  • first and the second connecting element on the connection side in each case have a cross-section which is flattened with respect to the remaining cross section.
  • the connecting elements can be processed by a corresponding forming process. Since in electrical machines usually line elements are used with egg ⁇ nem flattened or rectangular cross-section, the respective connecting element can be particularly simple be connected to these electrical line elements and / or corresponding other connection elements.
  • the electric machine according to the invention comprises the inventive connecting device, the first electrical
  • Conduit element which is formed from the first metal
  • the second electrical conduction element which is formed from the second metal
  • first connection element of the connection device with the first conduit member and the second connection element of the connection device is connected to the second conduit element.
  • the first connection ⁇ element and the first electrical line element may vary ⁇ wells be formed of copper, and by soldering, particularly hard-soldering, be interconnected.
  • the second connecting element and the second electrical Lei ⁇ tion element can be made of aluminum and connected by soldering, in particular brazing.
  • an electrical and mechanical connection between the two connecting elements and the connecting elements and the respective line elements can be provided, which are reliable even at high operating temperatures.
  • Such an electrical machine is suitable, for example, particular ⁇ DERS for use as a generator in a wind turbine.
  • the method according to the invention for producing a connection device for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electrical machine comprises providing a first electrical connection element which is formed from a first metal which is designed to connect the first electrical conduction element, providing a second one electrical connection element, which is formed from a ver ⁇ different from the first metal second metal and which is designed to connect Shen of the second electrical line element, and connecting the first and the second electrical connection element by welding.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the connecting device
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the connecting device according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the connecting device according to
  • FIG. 2 The first figure.
  • connection device 4 shows a further side view of the connection device according to FIG. 2.
  • the connecting device 10 is used for electrically connecting a first and a second electrical pipeline-elements in an electrical machine, wherein the first conduit element and the second conductive element are formed from under ⁇ different metals or union made.
  • the first line element of the electrical machine is made of copper or a copper alloy.
  • the second pipeline-element is preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum ⁇ miniumleg réelle.
  • the first and the second line ⁇ element may be associated with a winding of the electrical machine or be formed by this.
  • the first and the second line element can be assigned to or formed by a connection element of the electrical machine, a so-called busbar.
  • the connecting device 10 comprises a first connecting element 12 and a second connecting element 14.
  • the first connecting element 12 is preferably made of the same material as the first electrical conducting element of the electrical machine.
  • the second connection element 14 is preferably formed from the same material as the second electrical conduction element of the electrical machine.
  • the first link member 12 is for connection to the electrical line ers ⁇ th element of the electrical machine and the second connecting member 14 is used to connect to the second electrical line element of the electrical machine.
  • the first connecting element 12 and the second connection ⁇ element 14 are presently wire-shaped.
  • the first connecting member 12 and the second Verbin ⁇ extension element 14 have a rotationally symmetrical cross-section.
  • the first connecting element 12 and the second connection ⁇ element 14 are joined together by welding, in particular friction welding. In friction welding, the first connecting element 12 and the second connecting element 14 are moved relative to each other, wherein a connection point 16 of the first connecting element 12 and a connection point 18 of the second connecting element 14 touch.
  • the deformation generated by the heating leads to a cohesive connection between the two connecting elements 12, 14.
  • the first connection element 12 has a connection side 20 opposite the connection point 16.
  • the second connecting element 14 on one of the connection ⁇ point 18 opposite terminal side 22.
  • the connecting elements 12, 14 and the connecting device 10 can be connected to the electrical see line elements of the electrical machine according to the ⁇ schreib terminal sides 20, 22nd
  • the connecting elements 12, 14 are connected to the connection sides 20, 22 in each case by brazing with the corresponding electrical line elements.
  • the two are preferably made of copper, usually higher temperatures than in the soldering of the second connecting element 14 and the second electrical line element, the two are preferably made of aluminum. For this reason, the first connecting element 12 has a larger spatial extent compared to the second connecting element 14 along the longitudinal axis.
  • first connecting element 12 is longer than the second connecting element 14. This makes it possible to prevent the connection of the connecting device 10 formed by friction welding from being excessively heated during soldering.
  • 2 shows a plan view of a connecting device 10 in a further embodiment.
  • the first connecting element 12 and the second connecting element 14 each have a flattened cross section at their connection sides 20, 22 in comparison with the rest of the cross section.
  • FIG 3 shows a side view of the connecting device 10, on which the flattened cross-section of the first connecting element 12 can be seen on its connection side 20.
  • FIG 4 shows a side view of the kausvor ⁇ direction 10, on which the flattened cross-section of the second connecting element 14 at its connection side 22 Darge ⁇ represents is.
  • the connecting elements 12, 14 can be particularly easily connected to line elements of the electric machine, which have a flattened or a rectangular cross-section.

Abstract

The invention relates to a connecting device (10) for connecting a first and a second electrical line element of an electrical machine, having a first connecting element (12), which is formed from a first metal and is designed for connecting the first electrical line element, and a second connecting element (14), which is formed from a second metal that is different from the first metal and is designed for connecting the second electrical line element, wherein the first and the second electrical connecting elements (12, 14) are connected to each other by means of soldering.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verbindungsvorrichtung für elektrische Maschinen Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verbindungsvorrichtung zum Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements einer elektrischen Maschine. Überdies betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine elektrische Maschine, die beispielsweise als Motor, Generator, Transformator oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein kann. Schließlich betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsvorrichtung . Connecting Device for Electric Machines The present invention relates to a connection device for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electrical machine. Moreover, the present invention relates to an electric machine, which may be formed, for example, as a motor, generator, transformer or the like. Finally, the present invention relates to a method for producing a connecting device.
In Folge der steigenden Preise für Kupfer werden die elektri- sehen Leitungselemente bzw. Leiter in elektrischen Maschinen zunehmend durch Leiter aus Aluminium ersetzt. Insbesondere die Wicklungen von elektrischen Maschinen werden vermehrt aus Aluminium gefertigt. Durch den partiellen Ersatz der Kupferleiter durch Aluminiumleiter besteht die Notwendigkeit, die Kupferleiter und die Aluminiumleiter in der elektrischen Maschine mechanisch und elektrisch miteinander zu verbinden. As a result of rising prices for copper, the electrical line elements or conductors in electrical machines are increasingly being replaced by conductors made of aluminum. In particular, the windings of electrical machines are increasingly made of aluminum. Due to the partial replacement of the copper conductors by aluminum conductors, there is a need for mechanically and electrically connecting the copper conductors and the aluminum conductors in the electrical machine.
Die Verbindung an der Schnittstelle zwischen dem Kupferleiter und den Aluminiumleitern sollte so ausgebildet sein, dass sie eine möglichst lange Lebensdauer auch bei hohen Betriebstemperaturen erreicht. Der Grund hierfür ist, dass beispielswei¬ se bei elektrischen Maschinen, die in Windkraftanlagen eingesetzt werden, dauerhafte Betriebstemperaturen von bis zu 130 °C auftreten können. Die angestrebte Lebensdauer für die Verbindung der Wicklungen bzw. Leiter in einer solchen elektrischen Maschine kann bis zu 25 Jahre sein. The connection at the interface between the copper conductor and the aluminum conductors should be designed so that it achieves the longest possible service life even at high operating temperatures. The reason for this is that can beispielswei ¬ se of electric machines, which are used in wind turbines, permanent operating temperatures of up to 130 ° C occur. The desired life for the connection of the windings or conductors in such an electric machine can be up to 25 years.
Bisher existiert für eine entsprechende Verbindung zwischen elektrischen Leitern, die aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen gefertigt sind, noch keine befriedigende Lösung. Eine Mög¬ lichkeit könnte darin bestehen, die Kupferleiter und Aluminiumleiter mittels einer Crimpverbindung mechanisch und elektrisch miteinander zu verbinden. Zur Zeit verfügbare Crimpver- bindungsausführungen ist jedoch insbesondere bei den hohen angestrebten Einsatztemperaturen nicht zuverlässig zu realisieren. Dies ist beispielsweise durch die Materialeigenschaf¬ ten von Aluminium begründet. Bei hohen Umgebungstemperaturen neigt das Material zum Kriechen, d. h. das Aluminium verformt sich zeitabhängig plastisch. Somit kann mit einer Crimpver- bindung die benötigte Lebensdauer nicht garantiert werden. So far, there is still no satisfactory solution for a corresponding connection between electrical conductors, which are made of different materials. A possible ¬ friendliness could be to connect the copper conductor and aluminum conductor by means of a crimped mechanically and electrically to each other. Currently available crimping However, bond executions can not be reliably realized, especially at the high desired operating temperatures. This is due, for example, by the material properties of aluminum sheep ¬ th. At high ambient temperatures, the material tends to creep, ie the aluminum deforms plastically in a time-dependent manner. Thus, the required service life can not be guaranteed with a crimp connection.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit könnte darin bestehen, die Kupfer- leiter und die Aluminiumleiter durch Löten miteinander zu verbinden. Mit den Loten, die üblicherweise hierzu verwendet werden, kann die geforderte lange Lebensdauer bei hohen Betriebstemperaturen nicht gewährleistet werden. Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Weg aufzuzeigen, wie auch für hohe Betriebstemperaturen zwischen elektrischen Leitungselementen einer elektrischen Maschine , die aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen gebildet sind, eine zuverlässige Verbindung geschaffen werden kann. Another possibility could be to connect the copper conductors and the aluminum conductors together by soldering. With the solders, which are usually used for this, the required long life at high operating temperatures can not be guaranteed. It is therefore an object of the present invention to show a way, as well as for high operating temperatures between electrical line elements of an electrical machine, which are formed of different materials, a reliable connection can be created.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Verbindungsvorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 und durch eine elektrische Maschine gemäß Patentanspruch 8 gelöst. In gleicher Weise wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 10 gelöst. Vorteil- hafte Weiterbildungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. This object is achieved by a connecting device according to claim 1 and by an electric machine according to claim 8. In the same way, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 10. Advantageous developments of the present invention are specified in the subclaims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbindungsvorrichtung zum Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements einer elektrischen Maschine umfasst ein erstes Verbindungs¬ element, das aus einem ersten Metall gebildet ist und das zum Anschließen des ersten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, und ein zweites Verbindungselement, das aus einem vom dem ersten Metall verschiedenen zweiten Metall gebildet ist und das zum Anschließen des zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, wobei das erste und das zweite elektrische Verbindungselement durch Schweißen miteinander verbunden sind. Die Verbindungsvorrichtung ist ein separates Bauteil, das aus zwei Verbindungselementen gebildet ist, die aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen gefertigt wird. Das erste Verbindungselement dient der elektrischen Verbindung mit dem ersten elektrischen Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine und das zweite Verbindungselement dient der elektrischen Ver¬ bindung mit dem zweiten Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine. Das erste Verbindungselement und das erste elektri¬ sche Leitungselement sind bevorzugt aus dem gleichen Material gefertigt. Ebenso sind das zweite Verbindungselement und das zweite elektrische Leitungselement bevorzugt aus dem gleichen Material gefertigt. The connecting device according to the invention for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electric machine comprises a first connection ¬ element, which is formed of a first metal and which is designed to connect the first electrical conduction element, and a second connecting element, which is one of the formed first metal different second metal and which is adapted to connect the second electrical conduction element, wherein the first and the second electrical connection element are joined together by welding. The connection device is a separate one Component which is formed of two connecting elements, which is made of different materials. The first connecting element is used for electrical connection with the first electrical line element of the electrical machine and the second connecting element is the electrical Ver ¬ bond with the second line element of the electric machine. The first connecting element and the first electrical ¬ cal line element are preferably made of the same material. Likewise, the second connection element and the second electrical conduction element are preferably made of the same material.
Das erste und das zweite elektrische Leitungselement können beispielsweise einer Wicklung in dem Stator und/oder dem Ro- tor der elektrischen Maschine zugeordnet sein oder durch diese gebildet sein. Das erste und das zweite elektrische Lei¬ tungselement können auch einem Anschlusselement, einem soge¬ nannten Busbar, zugeordnet sein bzw. durch dieses gebildet sein, über welche die elektrische Maschine mit elektrischer Energie versorgt werden kann. The first and the second electrical conduction element may for example be associated with or formed by a winding in the stator and / or the rotor of the electrical machine. The first and second electrical Lei ¬ processing element may also be a connecting element, a so-called busbar ¬ be associated with or be formed by this, via which the electric machine can be supplied with electrical energy.
Das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement der Verbindungs¬ vorrichtung sind durch ein Schweißverfahren miteinander elektrisch und mechanisch verbunden. Durch diese Art der Ver- bindung kann auch bei hohen Umgebungs- bzw. Betriebstempera¬ turen, die in elektrischen Motoren oder Generatoren auftreten können, eine lange Lebensdauer gewährleistet werden. Durch eine Schweißverbindung können die negativen Einflüsse auf die Verbindung der beiden Verbindungselemente, die beispielsweise durch Kriechvorgänge entstehen, verhindert werden The first and the second connection element of the connection ¬ device are electrically and mechanically connected to each other by a welding process. This type of conjunction durability can be ensured even at high ambient or operating temperature ¬ tures that can occur in electrical motors or generators. By a welded joint, the negative effects on the connection of the two connecting elements, which arise for example by creeping, can be prevented
Bevorzugt sind das erste und das zweite elektrische Verbin¬ dungselement durch Reibschweißen miteinander verbunden. Bei Reibschweißen werden das erste und das zweite Verbindungsele- ment relativ zueinander bewegt, wobei sich die Verbindungs¬ elemente an ihren jeweiligen Verbindungsstellen unter Druck berühren. Dieses Verfahren führt zu einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen. Somit kann auf einfache Weise eine mechanisch feste und elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen geschaffen werden. In einer Ausführungsform ist das erste elektrische Verbindungselement aus Kupfer gebildet und das zweite elektrische Verbindungselement ist aus Aluminium gebildet. Unter den Beg¬ riffen Kupfer und Aluminium sind im Folgenden neben den reinen chemischen Elementen auch entsprechende Kupferlegierungen und Aluminiumlegierungen zu verstehen. Als Werkstoffe können aber auch alle geeigneten Metalle und elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien verwendet werden. Die Werkstoffe sollten eine möglichst hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweisen. Somit ist die Verbindungsvorrichtung besonders zur Verbindung eines ersten elektrischen Leitungselements, das aus Kupfer gefertigt ist, und einem zweiten elektrischen Leitungselement, das aus Aluminium gefertigt ist, geeignet. Preferably, the first and second electrical Verbin ¬ dung element are connected to each other by friction welding. In friction welding, the first and the second Verbindungsele- element are moved relative to each other, wherein the connection ¬ elements touch at their respective connection points under pressure. This method leads to a cohesive connection between the two connecting elements. Consequently can be created in a simple manner, a mechanically strong and electrically conductive connection between the two connecting elements. In one embodiment, the first electrical connection element is formed of copper and the second electrical connection element is formed of aluminum. Among the Beg ¬ reefs copper and aluminum also appropriate copper alloys and aluminum alloys are to be understood in the following, in addition to pure chemical elements. As materials but also all suitable metals and electrically conductive materials can be used. The materials should have the highest possible electrical conductivity. Thus, the connection device is particularly suitable for connection of a first electrical conduction element, which is made of copper, and a second electrical conduction element, which is made of aluminum.
In einer Ausgestaltung weisen das erste und das zweite Ver- bindungselement jeweils eine Verbindungsseite, an der sie miteinander verbunden sind, und eine der Verbindungsseite ge¬ genüberliegende Anschlussseite auf, wobei das erste Verbin¬ dungselement zwischen der Verbindungsseite und der Anschluss¬ seite eine größere räumliche Erstreckung aufweist als das zweite Verbindungselement. Mit anderen Worten ist das erste Verbindungselement länger als das zweite Verbindungselement. Die beiden Verbindungselemente der Verbindungsvorrichtung können mit den entsprechenden Leitungselementen der elektrischen Maschine durch ein Lötverfahren verbunden werden. In one embodiment, the first and the second connecting element each have a connection side, to which they are connected to each other, and one of the connection side ge ¬ opposite terminal side, wherein the first connec ¬ tion element between the connection side and the connection ¬ side a larger spatial Has extension as the second connecting element. In other words, the first connection element is longer than the second connection element. The two connection elements of the connection device can be connected to the corresponding line elements of the electrical machine by a soldering process.
Zur Verbindung des ersten Verbindungselement und des ersten elektrischen Leitungselements, die beide bevorzugt aus Kupfer gefertigt sind, kann ein anderes Lot verwendet als bei der Verbindung des zweiten Verbindungselements und dem zweiten elektrischen Leitungselement, die üblicherweise beide ausTo connect the first connection element and the first electrical conduction element, both of which are preferably made of copper, a different solder may be used than in the connection of the second connection element and the second electrical conduction element, which are usually both made
Aluminium gefertigt sind. Das Lot für die Verbindung der bei¬ den Elemente aus Kupfer weist eine höhere Schmelztemperatur auf als das Lot für die Verbindung der beiden Elemente aus Aluminium. Dies kann zur Folge haben, dass die Verbindungs¬ stelle der beiden Elemente aus Kupfer beim Löten eine höhere Temperatur aufweist als die Verbindungsstelle der beiden Ele¬ mente aus Aluminium. Um die Temperatureinwirkung in Folge des Lötens auf die durch das Reibschweißen erzeugte Verbindungs¬ stelle der beiden Verbindungselemente möglichst gering zu halten, ist das erste Verbindungselement im Vergleich zum zweiten Verbindungselement länger ausgebildet. Durch diese größere räumliche Erstreckung kann im Vergleich zu dem zwei- ten Verbindungselement ein höherer Temperaturgradient er¬ reicht werden. Somit kann einer thermischen Beanspruchung der Schweißverbindung vorgebeugt werden. Aluminum are made. The solder for the connection of the ¬ elements of copper has a higher melting temperature than the solder for the connection of the two elements Aluminum. This can have the consequence that the connection ¬ point of the two elements made of copper in soldering a higher temperature than the junction of the two Ele ¬ elements made of aluminum. In order to minimize the effect of temperature as a result of soldering on the connection point of the two connecting elements produced by the friction welding, the first connecting element is made longer in comparison to the second connecting element. As a result of this larger spatial extent, a higher temperature gradient can be achieved compared to the second connecting element . Thus, a thermal stress of the welded joint can be prevented.
Bevorzugt sind das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement zumindest bereichsweise als Draht ausgebildet. Verbindungs¬ elemente, die aus einem Draht gefertigt sind, sind einfach erhältlich. Somit kann eine kostengünstige Verbindungsvorrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine bereitgestellt werden. In einer Ausführungsform weist das erste und das zweite Ver¬ bindungselement zumindest bereichsweise einen rotationssym¬ metrischen Querschnitt auf. Bevorzugt weisen die beiden Ver¬ bindungselemente an der Verbindungsstelle den gleichen Durch¬ messer auf. Somit sind sie besonders zum Reibschweißen geeig- net, da eine Schweißverbindung über die komplette Fläche der Verbindungsstellen der Verbindungselemente erreicht werden kann. Somit kann eine zuverlässige Verbindung zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen durch das Schweißverfahren garantiert werden. Preferably, the first and the second connecting element are at least partially formed as a wire. ¬ connection elements, which are made of a wire, are readily available. Thus, a low-cost connection device for an electric machine can be provided. In one embodiment, the first and second Ver ¬ binding member has at least partially a rotationssym ¬ metric cross-section. Preferably, the two Ver ¬ binding members at the joint are of the same through ¬ diameter. Thus, they are particularly suitable for friction welding, since a welded connection can be achieved over the entire surface of the connection points of the connecting elements. Thus, a reliable connection between the two connecting elements can be guaranteed by the welding process.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weisen das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement an der Anschlussseite jeweils einen gegenüber dem übrigen Querschnitt abgeflachten Querschnitt auf. Zu diesem Zweck können die Verbindungselemente durch ein entsprechendes Umformverfahren bearbeitet werden. Da in elektrischen Maschinen üblicherweise Leitungselemente mit ei¬ nem abgeflachten bzw. rechteckigen Querschnitt verwendet werden, kann das jeweilige Verbindungselement besonders einfach mit diesen elektrischen Leitungselementen und/oder entsprechenden anderen Anschlusselementen verbunden werden. In a further embodiment, the first and the second connecting element on the connection side in each case have a cross-section which is flattened with respect to the remaining cross section. For this purpose, the connecting elements can be processed by a corresponding forming process. Since in electrical machines usually line elements are used with egg ¬ nem flattened or rectangular cross-section, the respective connecting element can be particularly simple be connected to these electrical line elements and / or corresponding other connection elements.
Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine umfasst die erfin- dungsgemäße Verbindungsvorrichtung, das erste elektrischeThe electric machine according to the invention comprises the inventive connecting device, the first electrical
Leitungselement, das aus dem ersten Metall gebildet ist, und das zweite elektrische Leitungselement, das aus dem zweiten Metall gebildet ist, wobei das erste Verbindungselement der Verbindungsvorrichtung mit dem ersten Leitungselement und das zweite Verbindungselement der Verbindungsvorrichtung mit dem zweiten Leitungselement verbunden ist. Das erste Verbindungs¬ element und das erste elektrische Leitungselement können je¬ weils aus Kupfer gebildet sein und durch Löten, insbesondere Hartlöten, miteinander verbunden sein. Ebenso können das zweite Verbindungselement und das zweite elektrische Lei¬ tungselement aus Aluminium gefertigt sein und durch Löten, insbesondere Hartlöten, miteinander verbunden sein. Somit kann eine elektrische und mechanische Verbindung zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen und den Verbindungselementen und den jeweiligen Leitungselementen bereitgestellt werden, die auch bei hohen Betriebstemperaturen zuverlässig sind. Eine solche elektrische Maschine eignet sich beispielsweise beson¬ ders für die Verwendung als Generator in einer Windkraftanlage . Conduit element, which is formed from the first metal, and the second electrical conduction element, which is formed from the second metal, wherein the first connection element of the connection device with the first conduit member and the second connection element of the connection device is connected to the second conduit element. The first connection ¬ element and the first electrical line element may vary ¬ weils be formed of copper, and by soldering, particularly hard-soldering, be interconnected. Likewise, the second connecting element and the second electrical Lei ¬ tion element can be made of aluminum and connected by soldering, in particular brazing. Thus, an electrical and mechanical connection between the two connecting elements and the connecting elements and the respective line elements can be provided, which are reliable even at high operating temperatures. Such an electrical machine is suitable, for example, particular ¬ DERS for use as a generator in a wind turbine.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsvorrichtung zum Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements einer elektrischen Maschine umfasst das Bereitstellen eines ersten elektrischen Verbin- dungselements , das aus einem ersten Metall gebildet ist das zum Anschließen des ersten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, das Bereitstellen eines zweiten elektrischen Verbindungselements, das aus einem vom dem ersten Metall ver¬ schiedenen zweiten Metall gebildet ist und das zum Anschlie- ßen des zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, und das Verbinden des ersten und des zweiten elektrischen Verbindungselements durch Schweißen. Die zuvor im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsvorrichtung beschriebenen Vorteile und Weiterbildungen können in gleicher Weise auf die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine und das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren übertragen wer- den . The method according to the invention for producing a connection device for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electrical machine comprises providing a first electrical connection element which is formed from a first metal which is designed to connect the first electrical conduction element, providing a second one electrical connection element, which is formed from a ver ¬ different from the first metal second metal and which is designed to connect Shen of the second electrical line element, and connecting the first and the second electrical connection element by welding. The advantages and further developments described above in connection with the connecting device according to the invention can be transferred in the same way to the electric machine according to the invention and the method according to the invention.
Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen: FIG 1 eine Draufsicht der Verbindungsvorrichtung; Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 shows a plan view of the connecting device;
FIG 2 eine Draufsicht der Verbindungsvorrichtung gemäß  2 shows a plan view of the connecting device according to FIG
FIG 1 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;  1 in a further embodiment;
FIG 3 eine Seitenansicht der Verbindungsvorrichtung gemäß 3 shows a side view of the connecting device according to
FIG 2; und  FIG. 2; and
FIG 4 eine weitere Seitenansicht der Verbindungsvorrich¬ tung gemäß FIG 2. 4 shows a further side view of the connection device according to FIG. 2.
Die nachfolgend näher geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiele stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfin- dung dar. The embodiments described in more detail below represent preferred embodiments of the present invention.
FIG 1 zeigt eine Verbindungsvorrichtung 10 in einer Draufsicht. Die Verbindungsvorrichtung 10 dient dem elektrischen Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Lei- tungselements in einer elektrischen Maschine, wobei das erste Leitungselement und das zweiten Leitungselement aus unter¬ schiedlichen Metallen gebildet bzw. gefertigt sind. Bevorzugt ist das erste Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine aus Kupfer bzw. einer Kupferlegierung gefertigt. Das zweite Lei- tungselement ist bevorzugt aus Aluminium bzw. aus einer Alu¬ miniumlegierung gefertigt. Das erste und das zweite Leitungs¬ element können einer Wicklung der elektrischen Maschine zugeordnet sein oder durch diese gebildet sein. Ebenso können das erste und das zweite Leitungselement einem Anschlusselement der elektrischen Maschine, einem sogenannten Busbar, zugeordnet sein oder durch diesen gebildet sein. Die Verbindungsvorrichtung 10 umfasst ein erstes Verbindungs¬ element 12 und ein zweites Verbindungselement 14. Das erste Verbindungselement 12 ist bevorzugt aus dem gleichen Material gefertigt wie das erste elektrische Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine. Das zweite Verbindungselement 14 ist bevorzugt aus dem gleichen Material gebildet wie das zweite elektrische Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine. Das erste Verbindungselement 12 dient der Verbindung mit dem ers¬ ten elektrischen Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine und das zweite Verbindungselement 14 dient der Verbindung mit dem zweiten elektrischen Leitungselement der elektrischen Maschine . 1 shows a connecting device 10 in a plan view. The connecting device 10 is used for electrically connecting a first and a second electrical pipeline-elements in an electrical machine, wherein the first conduit element and the second conductive element are formed from under ¬ different metals or union made. Preferably, the first line element of the electrical machine is made of copper or a copper alloy. The second pipeline-element is preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum ¬ miniumlegierung. The first and the second line ¬ element may be associated with a winding of the electrical machine or be formed by this. Likewise, the first and the second line element can be assigned to or formed by a connection element of the electrical machine, a so-called busbar. The connecting device 10 comprises a first connecting element 12 and a second connecting element 14. The first connecting element 12 is preferably made of the same material as the first electrical conducting element of the electrical machine. The second connection element 14 is preferably formed from the same material as the second electrical conduction element of the electrical machine. The first link member 12 is for connection to the electrical line ers ¬ th element of the electrical machine and the second connecting member 14 is used to connect to the second electrical line element of the electrical machine.
Das erste Verbindungselement 12 und das zweite Verbindungs¬ element 14 sind vorliegend drahtförmig ausgebildet. Bevorzugt weisen das erste Verbindungselement 12 und das zweite Verbin¬ dungselement 14 einen rotationssymmetrischen Querschnitt auf. Das erste Verbindungselement 12 und das zweite Verbindungs¬ element 14 sind durch Schweißen, insbesondere Reibschweißen, miteinander verbunden. Bei Reibschweißen werden das erste Verbindungselement 12 und das zweite Verbindungselement 14 relativ zueinander bewegt, wobei sich eine Verbindungsstelle 16 des ersten Verbindungselements 12 und eine Verbindungs¬ stelle 18 des zweiten Verbindungselements 14 berühren. Die durch die Erwärmung erzeugt Verformung führt zu einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen 12, 14. The first connecting element 12 and the second connection ¬ element 14 are presently wire-shaped. Preferably, the first connecting member 12 and the second Verbin ¬ extension element 14 have a rotationally symmetrical cross-section. The first connecting element 12 and the second connection ¬ element 14 are joined together by welding, in particular friction welding. In friction welding, the first connecting element 12 and the second connecting element 14 are moved relative to each other, wherein a connection point 16 of the first connecting element 12 and a connection point 18 of the second connecting element 14 touch. The deformation generated by the heating leads to a cohesive connection between the two connecting elements 12, 14.
Das erste Verbindungselement 12 weist eine der Verbindungs- stelle 16 gegenüberliegende Anschlussseite 20 auf. Ebenso weist das zweite Verbindungselement 14 eine der Verbindungs¬ stelle 18 gegenüberliegende Anschlussseite 22 auf. An den je¬ weiligen Anschlussseiten 20, 22 können die Verbindungselemente 12, 14 bzw. die Verbindungsvorrichtung 10 mit den elektri- sehen Leitungselementen der elektrischen Maschine verbunden werden. Insbesondere werden die Verbindungselemente 12, 14 an den Anschlussseiten 20, 22 jeweils durch Hartlöten mit den entsprechenden elektrischen Leitungselementen verbunden. Beim Löten des ersten Verbindungselements 12 und dem ersten elektrischen Leitungselement, die beiden bevorzugt aus Kupfer gefertigt sind, treten üblicherweise höhere Temperaturen auf als beim Löten des zweiten Verbindungselements 14 und dem zweiten elektrischen Leitungselement, die beiden bevorzugt aus Aluminium gefertigt sind. Aus diesem Grund weist das ers¬ te Verbindungselement 12 im Vergleich zu dem zweiten Verbindungselement 14 entlang der Längsachse eine größere räumliche Erstreckung auf. Mit anderen Worten ist das erste Verbin- dungselement 12 länger als das zweite Verbindungselement 14. Dadurch kann verhindert werden, dass die durch Reibschweißen gebildete Verbindung der Verbindungsvorrichtung 10 beim Löten zu stark erhitzt wird. FIG 2 zeigt eine Draufsicht einer Verbindungsvorrichtung 10 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform. Im Gegensatz zu der Verbindungsvorrichtung 10, die in FIG 1 dargestellt ist, weisen das erste Verbindungselement 12 und das zweite Verbindungs¬ element 14 jeweils an ihren Anschlussseiten 20, 22 einen im Vergleich zu den übrigem Querschnitt einen abgeflachten Querschnitt auf. The first connection element 12 has a connection side 20 opposite the connection point 16. Likewise, the second connecting element 14 on one of the connection ¬ point 18 opposite terminal side 22. The connecting elements 12, 14 and the connecting device 10 can be connected to the electrical see line elements of the electrical machine according to the ¬ weiligen terminal sides 20, 22nd In particular, the connecting elements 12, 14 are connected to the connection sides 20, 22 in each case by brazing with the corresponding electrical line elements. When soldering the first connecting element 12 and the first electrical line element, the two are preferably made of copper, usually higher temperatures than in the soldering of the second connecting element 14 and the second electrical line element, the two are preferably made of aluminum. For this reason, the first connecting element 12 has a larger spatial extent compared to the second connecting element 14 along the longitudinal axis. In other words, the first connecting element 12 is longer than the second connecting element 14. This makes it possible to prevent the connection of the connecting device 10 formed by friction welding from being excessively heated during soldering. 2 shows a plan view of a connecting device 10 in a further embodiment. In contrast to the connecting device 10, which is shown in FIG. 1, the first connecting element 12 and the second connecting element 14 each have a flattened cross section at their connection sides 20, 22 in comparison with the rest of the cross section.
FIG 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der Verbindungsvorrichtung 10, auf der der abgeflachte Querschnitt des ersten Verbindungs- elements 12 an dessen Anschlussseite 20 zu erkennen ist. 3 shows a side view of the connecting device 10, on which the flattened cross-section of the first connecting element 12 can be seen on its connection side 20.
Überdies zeigt FIG 4 eine Seitenansicht der Verbindungsvor¬ richtung 10, auf der der abgeflachte Querschnitt des zweiten Verbindungselements 14 an dessen Anschlussseite 22 darge¬ stellt ist. Durch den jeweiligen abgeflachten Querschnitt können die Verbindungselemente 12, 14 besonders einfach mit Leitungselementen der elektrischen Maschine, die einen abgeflachten oder einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen, verbunden werden. Moreover, FIG 4 shows a side view of the Verbindungsvor ¬ direction 10, on which the flattened cross-section of the second connecting element 14 at its connection side 22 Darge ¬ represents is. By the respective flattened cross-section, the connecting elements 12, 14 can be particularly easily connected to line elements of the electric machine, which have a flattened or a rectangular cross-section.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) zum Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements einer elektri- sehen Maschine, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t durch 1. Connecting device (10) for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electric machine see, through
- ein erstes Verbindungselement (12), das aus einem ersten Metall gebildet ist und das zum Anschließen des ersten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, und  - A first connecting element (12) which is formed of a first metal and which is designed for connecting the first electrical line element, and
- ein zweites Verbindungselement (14), das aus einem vom dem ersten Metall verschiedenen zweiten Metall gebildet ist und das zum Anschließen des zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, wobei  - A second connecting element (14) which is formed of a different from the first metal second metal and which is adapted to connect the second electrical conduction element, wherein
- das erste und das zweite elektrische Verbindungselement  - The first and the second electrical connection element
(12,14) durch Schweißen miteinander verbunden sind.  (12,14) are joined together by welding.
2. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement (12,14) durch Reibschweißen miteinander verbunden sind. 2. The connecting device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and the second connecting element (12, 14) are connected to one another by friction welding.
3. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a- d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste Verbindungselement (12) aus Kupfer gebildet ist und das zwei¬ te Verbindungselement (14) aus Aluminium gebildet ist. 3. Connecting device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized d a- characterized in that the first connecting element (12) is formed of copper and the two ¬ th connecting element (14) is formed of aluminum.
4. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement (12,14) je¬ weils eine Verbindungsseite (16,18), an der sie miteinander verbunden sind, und eine der Verbindungsseite (16,18) gegenü¬ berliegende Anschlussseite (20,22) aufweisen, wobei das erste Verbindungselement (12) von der Verbindungsseite (16) zu der Anschlussseite (20) eine größere räumliche Erstreckung auf¬ weist als das zweite Verbindungselement (14) . 4. Connecting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second connecting element (12,14) je ¬ Weils a connecting side (16,18) to which they are connected to each other, and one of the connecting side (16 , 18) opposite ¬ terminal side (20,22), wherein the first connecting element (12) from the connecting side (16) to the connection side (20) has a greater spatial extent ¬ than the second connecting element (14).
5. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement (12,14) zu¬ mindest bereichsweise als Draht ausgebildet sind. 5. Connecting device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the first and second link members (12,14) are partially formed into ¬ least as a wire.
6. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement (12,14) zu¬ mindest bereichsweise einen rotationssymmetrischen Querschnitt aufweisen. 6. Connecting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second connecting element (12,14) ¬ at least partially have a rotationally symmetrical cross-section.
7. Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste und das zweite Verbindungselement (12,14) an der Anschlussseite (20,22) je¬ weils einen gegenüber dem übrigen Querschnitt abgeflachten Querschnitt aufweisen. 7. Connecting device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first and the second connecting element (12,14) on the connection side (20,22) each ¬ Weil have a flattened cross section relative to the rest of the cross-section.
8. Elektrische Maschine mit 8. Electric machine with
- der Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,  - The connecting device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
- dem ersten elektrischen Leitungselement, das aus dem ersten Metall gebildet ist, und  - The first electrical conduction element, which is formed from the first metal, and
- dem zweiten elektrischen Leitungselement, das aus dem zwei¬ ten Metall gebildet ist, wobei - The second electrical line element, which is formed from the two ¬ th metal, wherein
- das erste Verbindungselement (12) der Verbindungsvorrich¬ tung (10) mit dem ersten Leitungselement und das zweite Verbindungselement (14) der Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) mit dem zweiten Leitungselement verbunden ist. - The first connecting element (12) of the Verbindungsvorrich ¬ device (10) with the first line element and the second connecting element (14) of the connecting device (10) is connected to the second line element.
9. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste Verbindungs- element (12) mit dem ersten Leitungselement und das zweite9. An electric machine according to claim 8, wherein a first connection element (12) is connected to the first line element and the second connection element (12) is connected to the first connection element (12)
Verbindungselement (14) mit dem zweiten Leitungselement durch Löten verbunden ist. Connecting element (14) is connected to the second conduit element by soldering.
10. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) zum Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements einer elektrischen Maschine durch10. A method for producing a connecting device (10) for connecting a first and a second electrical conduction element of an electrical machine
- Bereitstellen eines ersten elektrischen Verbindungselements (12), das aus einem ersten Metall gebildet ist das zum An- schließen des ersten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, Providing a first electrical connection element (12) which is formed from a first metal which is suitable for closing the first electrical conduction element is formed,
- Bereitstellen eines zweiten elektrischen Verbindungselements (14), das aus einem vom dem ersten Metall verschiede- nen zweiten Metall gebildet ist und das zum Anschließen des zweiten elektrischen Leitungselements ausgebildet ist, und - Providing a second electrical connection element (14) which is formed from a different from the first metal second metal and which is designed for connecting the second electrical line element, and
- Verbinden des ersten und des zweiten elektrischen Verbindungselements (12,14) durch Schweißen. - Connecting the first and second electrical connection element (12,14) by welding.
PCT/EP2012/074307 2011-12-30 2012-12-04 Connecting device for electrical machines WO2013098047A1 (en)

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DE102011090184A DE102011090184A1 (en) 2011-12-30 2011-12-30 Connecting device for electrical machines

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GB1330002A (en) * 1970-04-23 1973-09-12 British Insulated Callenders Terminating wiring cables
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CN106346128A (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-01-25 西北工业大学 Aluminum copper dissimilar metal rotation friction welding method added with middle layer
CN106346128B (en) * 2016-10-20 2019-01-01 西北工业大学 Add the aluminum bronze dissimilar metal spin friction welding method of middle layer

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