WO2013097696A1 - 低压电器的控制及保护装置 - Google Patents

低压电器的控制及保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013097696A1
WO2013097696A1 PCT/CN2012/087389 CN2012087389W WO2013097696A1 WO 2013097696 A1 WO2013097696 A1 WO 2013097696A1 CN 2012087389 W CN2012087389 W CN 2012087389W WO 2013097696 A1 WO2013097696 A1 WO 2013097696A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control
contact
terminal
protection
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/087389
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
奚泓
曾萍
季慧玉
贾峰
顾长恂
张地
黄悲鸣
林建荣
Original Assignee
上海电科电器科技有限公司
浙江正泰电器股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201110442031.9A external-priority patent/CN103177905B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110443019.XA external-priority patent/CN103176027B/zh
Application filed by 上海电科电器科技有限公司, 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海电科电器科技有限公司
Priority to US14/369,077 priority Critical patent/US9350157B2/en
Priority to EP12862572.0A priority patent/EP2800220B1/en
Publication of WO2013097696A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013097696A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/123Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/083Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for three-phase systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/0207Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker
    • H01H71/0228Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker having provisions for interchangeable or replaceable parts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009Interconnected mechanisms
    • H01H71/1018Interconnected mechanisms with only external interconnections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/123Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit
    • H01H71/125Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit characterised by sensing elements, e.g. current transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/36Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electromagnetic release and no other automatic release
    • H01H73/42Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electromagnetic release and no other automatic release reset by rotatable knob or wheel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device
    • H01H89/08Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device with both devices using the same contact pair
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • H02H3/04Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02Details
    • H01H73/04Contacts
    • H01H73/045Bridging contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H01R13/7135Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch with ground fault protector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/16Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and more particularly to a control and protection device for a low-voltage electrical appliance having a secondary loop connection detecting device.
  • Circuit breakers can be used for infrequent switching of lines and infrequent starting of electric motors. Used in distribution networks to distribute electrical energy for overload, short-circuit and undervoltage protection of line and power equipment. It can also be used for infrequent starting and running breaks of electric motors as well as overload, short circuit and under voltage protection.
  • the contactor can be used to frequently turn the circuit on, off, and turn on, off, and carry the specified overload current. Contactors typically have the ability to operate frequently and have a high electromechanical life.
  • the control and protection of the electrical equipment can be realized by a combination of a plurality of discrete devices such as a circuit breaker, a contactor and a thermal relay or a motor protector, a starter, etc., or a multi-function electric appliance integrated with control and protection. .
  • the control and protection device composed of multiple discrete devices has the problem of coordination and cooperation between the components, and the installation and connection are complicated.
  • the space occupied by multiple discrete devices is large, which increases the manufacturing and use cost, and is not suitable for the volume. Use in smaller, limited spaces.
  • the Chinese Patent Application entitled "Devices with Contactor and Circuit Breaker Function” discloses an electrical device having a device for functioning a contactor and a circuit breaker, including a control magnet and a protection device, each of which is capable of Acting on the moving contact in response to human control and electrical fault detection by a multi-pole device.
  • the electromagnetic trip device is added to the 'J contact control mechanism.
  • the interchangeable protection device is connected to the relay magnet through a control line, connected to the control mechanism through the trip line, thereby outputting the power of the electromagnet to the control line, and in the event of a fault, tripping
  • the signal is output to the trip line.
  • the electromagnet is DC type and the protection device regulates its supply voltage.
  • an electromagnetic trip device is added to the contact control mechanism, the protection device being connected to the electromagnet via a control line and connected to the control mechanism via a trip line. Since the trip device is outside the protection device, the trip device and the protection device are in different modules, so the electrical connection needs to be connected through an external electrical connector. Pick up. The transmission of electrical signals through connectors and electrical lines can result in reduced reliability due to factors such as the quality of the connections and electrical interference. It is also mentioned in CN 1258798C that the protection device comprises means for detecting the current flowing through the power supply conductor. Since the current flowing through the power supply conductor is to be detected, the power supply conductor must pass through the detection device, and the higher heat generated during use will greatly reduce the protection. The performance and service life of electronic components in the device.
  • Cisokable Device with Control and Protection Function discloses a switching device with control and protection functions, using an AC and DC interchangeable modular structure magnetic system,
  • the buckle, the auxiliary contact and the communication module are respectively interchangeable modules, and the plurality of auxiliary contact modules and the communication module can be selectively accessed according to the user's needs, and the contactor has frequent operation and long service life.
  • the switch electric appliance of the invention not only has the function of selecting a trip unit according to the voltage type and the rated current, but also has the function of setting the overload and short circuit protection setting multiple, the trip level and the number of load motor poles on the site, suitable for The matching performance is excellent, the accessory access has excellent interchangeability, the required product models are few and the types and types of accessories are few.
  • the overall structure of the switch is compact, small in size and long in life, which greatly facilitates the use and management of the user. Improve the scope and reliability of the product.
  • CN 101494143 A switching device having control and protection functions, a switch is connected in series between the control power terminal and the electromagnet, and the on/off of the electromagnet is controlled by the control of the series switch.
  • the voltage type of the control power source is AC voltage or DC voltage
  • the voltage type of the electromagnet is selected according to the voltage type of the control power terminal; or vice versa
  • the voltage type of the electromagnet is AC voltage or DC voltage
  • the voltage type of the control power terminal is according to electromagnetic Iron voltage type configuration.
  • the Chinese patent application entitled "A Multi-Functional Control and Protection Switching Apparatus” discloses a multi-function control and protection switching appliance comprising a main circuit, a control electromagnet, a tripping electromagnet and an operation, CN 101924344 a power module of the mechanism, wherein the operating mechanism controls the power circuit of the electromagnet by mechanically controlling the contact opening and closing, the operating mechanism is mechanically associated with the signal contact module and the tripping electromagnet, and the operating mechanism realizes the main circuit through the transmission mechanism Breaking and closing; control and protection mode with tripping electromagnet drive circuit, current sensor and signal processing control unit And a power supply module respectively supplying power to the control electromagnet drive circuit, the trip electromagnet drive circuit, and the signal processing control unit.
  • the multi-function control and protection switching device provided by the invention provides a switching device with a control function of a contactor, a short-circuit breaking function of a circuit breaker, and an overload protection function of an overload relay by adopting an integrated modular
  • the control and protection module proposed by CN 101924344 comprises a tripping electromagnet driving circuit and a current sensor; the primary circuit of the current sensor is connected to the main circuit through a clip or a plug, and the sensing signal of the secondary circuit of the current sensor is connected to the signal processing control unit, Thereby detecting and judging the current of the main circuit. Since the control and protection module includes a current sensor, the heat generated by the current sensor during use may affect the performance and life of the adjacent components; and since the primary circuit of the current sensor is connected to the main circuit through a clip or a plug, the connection manner thereof The resistance and temperature rise at the connection are increased, and the reliability of the connection directly affects the measurement accuracy of the current sensor, which in turn affects the entire product.
  • the Chinese patent application entitled "A Modular Multi-Functional Appliance” discloses a modular multi-function switching device comprising: a base 1, a casing 2, an electromagnetic transmission mechanism 5, an operating mechanism 4.
  • the rear end of the main circuit contact group 3 is provided with a terminal block, which can be connected to the load through a wire or a conductive strip; the inner surface of the rear end of the drive case 2 is in contact with the inner surface of the rear end of the main circuit contact group. It can also include an auxiliary module, a thermomagnetic trip, a digital controller, and an isolation mechanism.
  • the modular multi-function electrical appliance adopts modular structure design, and different modules can be used to form different kinds of product components, and the volume is small, and the internal control and protection coordination of the product is realized, the wiring is convenient, the reliability is high, and the energy saving festival is provided.
  • the characteristics of the material have high economic and social benefits.
  • CN 101923988 The overload protection of the modular multifunctional appliance disclosed uses thermal magnetic tripping.
  • the disadvantage is that the thermal current release of different current specifications is required for the protection of different current levels, which increases the number of products and increases production and management costs.
  • the digital controller in addition to the connection with the thermal magnetic trip unit, the digital controller must be connected to the contact group terminals by means of screws. This connection method not only makes the modular assembly not direct or inconvenient, but also affects the connection. Reliability.
  • the existing protection device is a mechanical switching device with a contactor and a circuit breaker function, and requires a large number of switches depending on the power supply voltage and current of the required protection range.
  • the main contact is controlled by an electromagnet, and the switchgear having the function of a contactor and a circuit breaker cannot be satisfied by the electromagnet.
  • it When it is used as a circuit breaker function, it quickly breaks the requirements of the main contacts, so its protection range is limited, and the high breaking performance of the circuit breaker cannot be achieved.
  • the reliability of the mutual connection between the secondary circuit and the protection module is related to the operational reliability of the control and protection switching device and the safety of the primary circuit to which it belongs.
  • a possible situation is: The entire control and protection switch device is in a closed state, but the secondary circuit of the current detecting device is not reliably connected to the protection module, and the protection module cannot obtain the reflection of the primary current of the current transformer, once at this time If a short-circuit fault occurs in the loop, the protection module will not be able to detect the short-circuit current, so that the signal for breaking the primary loop cannot be issued, causing a catastrophic accident. Therefore, it is also necessary to detect the connection reliability of the secondary circuit of the current detecting device. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention is directed to a modular, interchangeable, integrated electrical device having control and protection functions, and having an electrical circuit connection detection device.
  • a control and protection device for a low-voltage electrical appliance comprising a base and a control and protection module, the control and protection module being pluggable and interchangeable, and the control and protection module being plugged onto the base.
  • the base includes a base and a cover, and the base is provided with:
  • Controlling the electromagnet and the operating mechanism controlling the electromagnet and the operating mechanism to control the separation of the movable contact and the static contact according to the control signal, and maintaining the separation state of the movable contact and the fixed contact;
  • a current sensor detects the current flowing through the main loop current conductor to generate an inductive signal; the control and protection module settings:
  • a signal processing unit wherein the state of the electromagnet is controlled by an electric line according to the sensing signal
  • the trip trip device is responsive to the signal processing unit to control the operation of the operating mechanism by a mechanical connection.
  • the setting is within the base:
  • Multi-pole contacts including static contacts and moving contacts
  • the moving contact is disposed on the contact bridge
  • the contact bridge is connected to the spring, and the spring applies a spring force to the contact bridge to move the contact bridge and the movable contact to the stationary contact and close the movable contact and the fixed contact;
  • the contact support member is connected to the contact bridge, the contact support member separates the static contact from the movable contact; the first current conductor and the second current conductor flowing through the main circuit, and the static contact is disposed at the first flow through the main circuit a current terminal is disposed on the current conductor and the second current conductor, and a load terminal is disposed on the second current conductor;
  • the arc extinguishing chamber is arranged on both sides of the moving contact and the stationary contact.
  • a partition is further disposed in the base, the partition is disposed on the first current conductor and the second current conductor, and the partition will move the contact, the static contact, the contact bridge, the contact support, and the The arc chamber, the first current conductor and the second current conductor are isolated within the pedestal.
  • the casing is coupled to the base, and the casing and the base are separated from each other by a partition, and the casing is provided with:
  • the current sensor is fixed on the partition, the current sensor is connected to the second power conductor to form a primary loop, and the secondary loop output sensing signal of the current sensor is transmitted to the signal processing control unit;
  • control electromagnet comprises a coil and a reaction force spring
  • the reaction force spring is connected to the contact support member through the transmission member
  • the reaction force spring applies a spring force to the contact support member through the transmission member to separate the movable contact and the static contact ;
  • An operating mechanism the operating mechanism is connected to the contact support through the connecting member via a connecting rod, and the operating mechanism applies a maintaining force to the contact supporting member through the connecting rod and the transmitting member to maintain separation of the movable contact and the fixed contact;
  • Control contact the control contact is connected to the manual operation knob, and the state of the control contact is associated with the state position of the manual operation knob;
  • the housing is further provided with auxiliary contacts, signal contacts and alarm contacts, auxiliary contacts, signal contacts and alarm contact output status signals.
  • the base is provided with a terminal for controlling the power supply voltage, and the terminal is One end is connected to the control contact.
  • the manual operation knob can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, the manual operation knob is connected to the operating mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the state position of the manual operation knob is related to the position of the movable contact and the static contact; counterclockwise rotation manual The operation knob resets the trip part in the operating mechanism; the state position of the manual operation knob is related to the control and protection module, and the state position of the manual operation knob is in a position where the movable contact and the static contact are separated, the control and protection module is at The pluggable state, when the manual operation knob is in the closed position of the movable contact and the fixed contact, the control and protection module is in the locked state.
  • the manual operation knob is stuck in the control and protection module; or the manual operation knob includes a handle.
  • the handle of the manual operation knob is stuck in the control and On the protection module, the control and protection module are locked.
  • the manual operation knob is used to open the movable contact and the static contact, the manual operation knob is separated from the control and protection module, so that the control and protection module can be plugged and unplugged.
  • the settings are within the control and protection module:
  • the signal input end is connected to the current sensor, and receives the sensing signal output by the current sensor;
  • a signal processing unit connected to the signal input end, receiving the sensing signal of the current sensor from the signal input end, and outputting a trip instruction
  • the trip trip device is coupled to the operating mechanism by a mechanical member, and the trip trip device actuates the trip member in the operating mechanism through the mechanical member in accordance with the trip command, thereby opening the movable contact and the stationary contact.
  • the signal processing unit comprises:
  • Electronic protection device electronic protection device protects tripping trip device
  • the electronic control device is connected to the control electromagnet, and the electronic control device is connected to the coil of the control electromagnet through a connection line, and the state of the control electromagnet is switched.
  • the current sensor includes a secondary loop connection detecting device
  • the secondary loop connection detecting device includes:
  • the three-phase current transformer is disposed inside the current detecting device, and the second ends of each of the three-phase current transformers are connected to each other to form a common end, and each of the three-phase current transformers is mutually mutually
  • the first ends of the sensors are independent of each other;
  • the first verification terminal is disposed inside the current detecting device, and the first verification terminal is connected to each other; the male terminal and the male terminal are jointly formed by the common end, the first end of the three-phase current transformer and the first verification terminal;
  • the receiving terminal is disposed inside the protection module, and the receiving terminal comprises a receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer and a receiving terminal of the common terminal;
  • the second verification terminal is disposed inside the protection module, and the second verification terminal is not connected to each other; the female terminal and the female terminal are formed by the receiving terminal of the common terminal, the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer and the second verification terminal;
  • the female terminal is matched with the male terminal
  • the receiving terminal of the common terminal is matched with the common terminal
  • the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer is matched with the first end of the three-phase current transformer
  • the first verification terminal is matched with the second dangerous terminal.
  • the secondary loop is connected to the detection device:
  • the first verification terminal is two, disposed on both sides of the common end and the first end of the three-phase current transformer;
  • the second verification terminal is two, and is disposed at both sides of the receiving terminal of the common terminal and the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer.
  • the secondary loop is connected to the detection device:
  • the length of the first verification terminal is shorter than the length of the common end and the first end of the three-phase current transformer
  • the length of the second verification terminal is shorter than the length of the receiving terminal of the common terminal and the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer.
  • the secondary loop is connected to the detection device:
  • the microprocessor issues a signal for closing the primary circuit; when the level is low, the microprocessor prohibits the signal for closing the primary circuit;
  • the microprocessor In the case where the primary loop is closed, when the level is high, the microprocessor maintains the current state; When the level is low, the microprocessor issues a signal for breaking the primary circuit; by detecting the connection of the secondary circuit of the current detecting device, the on-off state of the primary circuit is changed.
  • the secondary loop is connected to the detection device:
  • a resistor is further included between each secondary winding coil of the three-phase current transformer, and the resistance of the resistor satisfies:
  • the communication of the secondary side circuit of the three-phase current transformer is maintained in an abnormally plugged state.
  • the control and protection device of the low-voltage electrical appliance of the invention can fully coordinate the functions of the contactor and the circuit breaker of the device, has high breaking capacity and high electromechanical life, and is suitable for occasions of different control power supply voltages and various protection types, and increases electrical Reliability of connection and use.
  • the secondary circuit connection detecting device can avoid the potential hazard of the reliability of the switching device due to the unreliable connection between the current detecting device and the protection module and the safety of the primary circuit to which it belongs.
  • the secondary circuit connection detecting device requires a small number of components, a simple structure, high reliability, and is small in size and low in cost in the control and protection switch.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction of a control and protection device for a low voltage electrical appliance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a control and protection device for a low voltage electrical appliance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 discloses an external schematic view of a control and protection device for a low voltage electrical appliance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a three-phase current transformer secondary winding coil used in a secondary circuit connection detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a connection detecting circuit of a current detecting device and a protection module in a secondary circuit connection detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 discloses a flow chart of a detection procedure performed in a secondary loop connection detecting device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a protection circuit used in a secondary circuit connection detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a current transformer signal processing circuit used in a secondary loop connection detecting device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the current detecting device for detecting the flow through the conductor adopts a form of a current sensor, and the primary loop current conductor directly forms a primary loop through the current sensor, and the sensing signal of the secondary loop of the current sensor is connected to the signal processing control unit, and the signal processing control unit Includes electronic protection devices and electronic controls.
  • the electronic protection device includes a trip trip device for protection, and the electromagnet control device for control is connected to the electronic control device via a connection line.
  • the electrical device with control and protection functions includes: a base; a pluggable, interchangeable control and protection module.
  • the base includes a base and a cover, and is provided with separable movable and static contacts and a current conductor flowing through the main loop current; a control electromagnet for controlling the separable movable and static contact, controlling the electromagnetic
  • the iron can respond to the artificial control signal; an operating mechanism for controlling the separation of the detachable movable and static contacts, and the operating mechanism can separate the moving and static contacts in response to the artificial control signal;
  • a manual operation knob can be manually Operation controls the separation of the moving and stationary contacts; a control contact that can be controlled to open and close by a manual operation knob; a current sensor that detects the current flowing through the main loop current conductor and transmits the detected signal to the signal Process control unit.
  • a trip trip device for protection is provided in the control and protection module, the trip trip device responds to the signal from the signal processing control unit in the control and protection module, and activates the operating mechanism in the base through the mechanical actuating mechanism Separating the static contacts; a signal processing control unit, the signal processing control unit can provide control of the electromagnet power supply and control the state of the electromagnet through the electric circuit.
  • control and protection modules are pluggable and interchangeable.
  • Control and protection module signal input The end is connected to the output signal of the current sensor, and inputs the electric signal detected by the current flowing through the conductor; the output end thereof can output two kinds of state transitions, and the state is the state transition of the mechanical action, and the mechanical component for controlling the operating mechanism The other state is the state transition of the electrical signal, which is used to control the state transition of the control electromagnet.
  • the current sensor of the invention is placed in the base, so that the current conductor of the main circuit directly passes through the current sensor, and the induced signal of the secondary circuit of the current sensor is extracted, and the introduction of the induced weak current signal does not cause the control and protection of the ambient temperature of the module.
  • the rise of the rise does not affect the performance and life of the relevant components, and can greatly reduce the insertion and extraction force of the plug-in module, which is beneficial to the structural layout and the improvement of the mechanical performance.
  • control and protection module can be provided with different types of modules according to different protection functions, such as a standard type module having basic protection functions such as short circuit protection, overload protection, phase failure protection, direct start, etc.;
  • the multi-function setting with liquid crystal display and dual power protection is a multi-function module.
  • the invention also provides an electrical device with control and protection functions, comprising a base disposed at a lower end of the base, separated by an insulating partition, the base being provided with separable movable and static contacts and a power conductor and An arc extinguishing chamber associated with the separable dynamic and static contacts and the power conductor;
  • the operating mechanism is provided with a transmission mechanism that transmits a mechanical signal to the manual operating knob on the one hand and a mechanical signal to the movable contact on the other hand;
  • the contact is connected to the transmission mechanism of the operating mechanism through the contact support; above the base and the insulating partition, at both ends of the operating mechanism of the device, one end is provided with a control electromagnet, and the other end is provided with a current sensor, preferably The control electromagnet is placed at the upper incoming end of the power conductor, and the current sensor is placed at the lower incoming end of the power conductor.
  • a base of the movable and static contacts, the arc extinguishing chamber, and the main circuit power conductor is connected to the operating mechanism, the control electromagnet and the current sensor, and the associated transmission mechanism and the spacer and the connecting member through a casing unit. Form a closed base.
  • the invention also provides an electrical device with control and protection functions.
  • an isolation structure is arranged in the base, no need to additionally add an isolation module outside the device, and the movable and static contacts are reliably broken by the manual control mechanism.
  • the open state, and the opening distance between the moving and static contacts can meet the isolation requirements.
  • the invention also provides an electrical device with control and protection functions, which provides communication work Energy communication module; residual current control and protection module with residual current protection; external auxiliary module, external signal and alarm module.
  • the communication module is disposed in the multifunctional control and protection module; in the electrical device having the control and protection function, a pair of auxiliary contacts and a pair of signal contacts are built in; the external auxiliary module and
  • the signal and alarm modules can be placed at the upper or both ends of the electrical device.
  • the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:
  • a control and protection device for a low-voltage electrical appliance comprising a base and a control and protection module, the control and protection module being pluggable and interchangeable, and the control and protection module being plugged onto the base.
  • the base includes a base and a housing, and the base is provided with: a movable contact, a static contact, a current conductor flowing through the main circuit current, a control solenoid and an operating mechanism, a manual operation knob, a control contact, and a current sensor.
  • the following components are placed in the base of the base:
  • Multi-pole contacts multi-pole contacts including static contacts and moving contacts.
  • the contact bridge, the moving contact is arranged on the contact bridge.
  • the spring, the contact bridge is connected to the spring, and the spring applies a spring force to the contact bridge to move the contact bridge and the movable contact toward the stationary contact and close the movable contact and the stationary contact.
  • the contact support is coupled to the contact bridge, and the contact support separates the stationary contact from the movable contact.
  • the static contact is disposed on the first current conductor and the second current conductor flowing through the main circuit, and the first current conductor is provided with a power terminal, and the second current conductor is disposed Set the load terminal.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber is arranged on both sides of the moving contact and the stationary contact.
  • a partition plate disposed on the first current conductor and the second current conductor, the partition separating the movable contact, the static contact, the contact bridge, the contact support member, the arc extinguishing chamber, the first current conductor and the second current conductor Inside the pedestal.
  • the casing is connected to the base, and the casing and the base are separated from each other by a partition, and the following components are disposed in the casing:
  • the current sensor is fixed on the separator, the current sensor is connected to the second power conductor to form a primary loop, and the secondary loop output sensing signal of the current sensor is transmitted to the signal processing control unit.
  • Controlling the electromagnet the control electromagnet comprises a coil and a reaction force spring, the reaction force spring is connected to the contact support member through the transmission member, and the reaction force spring applies a spring force to the contact support member through the transmission member to separate the movable contact and the static contact .
  • the operating mechanism is connected to the contact support member via a transmission member via a connecting rod, and the operating mechanism applies a maintaining force to the contact support member through the connecting rod and the transmission member to maintain separation of the movable contact and the fixed contact.
  • control contact the control contact is connected to the manual operating knob, and the state of the control contact is associated with the state position of the manual operating knob.
  • the base is provided with a terminal for controlling the power supply voltage, and one end of the terminal is connected to the control contact.
  • the electromagnet and the operating mechanism are controlled, and the electromagnet and the operating mechanism are controlled according to the control signal to control the separation of the movable contact and the static contact, and maintain the split state of the movable contact and the fixed contact.
  • Manually operating the knob provides control signals that control the separation of the moving and stationary contacts.
  • the manual operation knob can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • the manual operation knob is connected to the operating mechanism through the transmission mechanism.
  • the state position of the manual operation knob is related to the position of the movable contact and the static contact; the manual operation knob is turned counterclockwise to make the operating mechanism
  • the trip component is reset; the state position of the manual operation knob is related to the control and protection module.
  • the manual operation knob may have the following structure: the manual operation knob is stuck in the control and protection module; or the manual operation knob includes a handle, when the manual operation knob is used to close the movable contact and the static contact, The handle of the manual operation knob is clamped on the control and protection module, so that the control and protection module is locked.
  • the manual operation knob is used to open the movable contact and the static contact, the manual operation knob is separated from the control and protection module, so that the control and protection are performed.
  • the module can be plugged and unplugged.
  • a current sensor detects a current flowing through a current conductor of the main loop to generate an induced signal.
  • a signal processing unit and a trip trip device are provided in the control and protection module.
  • the signal processing unit controls the state of the electromagnet through the electric line control according to the sensing signal.
  • the trip trip device is responsive to the signal processing unit to control the operation of the operating mechanism by a mechanical connection.
  • the following components are disposed in the control and protection module: a signal input terminal, the signal input terminal is connected to the current sensor, and receives the sensing signal output by the current sensor.
  • the signal processing unit is connected to the signal input end, receives the sensing signal of the current sensor from the signal input end, and outputs a trip command.
  • the signal processing unit includes an electronic protection device and an electronic control device.
  • the electronic protection device protects the trip trip device.
  • the electronic control unit is connected to the control electromagnet, and the electronic control unit is connected to the coil of the control electromagnet through a connection line to switch the state of the control electromagnet.
  • the trip trip device is coupled to the operating mechanism by a mechanical member, and the trip trip device actuates the trip member in the operating mechanism through the mechanical member in accordance with the trip command, thereby opening the movable contact and the stationary contact.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a control and protection device for a low voltage electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 also discloses a schematic structural view of a control and protection device for a low voltage electrical appliance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 discloses an external schematic view of a control and protection device for a low voltage electrical appliance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control and protection device of the low-voltage electrical appliance includes a base 100 and a pluggable, interchangeable control and protection module 200.
  • the base 100 includes a base 70 provided with multi-pole contacts, and the multi-pole contacts are provided with a movable contact 10 and a stationary contact 11.
  • the movable contact 10 is disposed on the contact bridge, and the movable contact 10 can be closed with the static contact 1 1 under the spring force of the spring 16, and by the force applied to the contact support 17, with the static contact 1 1 separate.
  • the stationary contact 1 1 is disposed on the first power conductor 13 and the second power conductor 14 flowing through the main circuit.
  • the power terminal 135 is connected to the first power conductor 13, and the load terminal 246 is connected to the second power conductor 14.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 12 is associated with the movable contact 10 and the static contact 1 1 and is disposed in the cavity of the base 70.
  • Separators 18, 19 are disposed on the first power conductor 13 and the second power conductor 14 in the susceptor 70, and the partitions 18, 19 associate and associate the movable contact 10, the stationary contact 11 and the arc extinguishing chamber 12 The components are isolated within the base 70.
  • the base 100 also includes a housing 71 that is associated with the base 70.
  • a current sensor 15 is disposed in the casing 71, and the second power conductor 14 is directly formed from the current sensor 15 to form a return.
  • the sensing signal of the secondary circuit of the current sensor 15 is connected to the signal processing control unit in the control and protection module 200 via the connector 101, and the current sensor 15 can be fixed to the spacer 19.
  • a control electromagnet 20 is disposed in the casing 71.
  • the control electromagnet 20 includes a coil 21 and a reaction force spring 22, and the force of the reaction spring 22 is applied to the contact support 17 through the transmission member 42, so that the movable contact 10 can be
  • the static contact 1 1 is separated, and the control electromagnet 20 is designed so that the required power supply voltage is independent of the rated control power supply voltage. That is, the rated control power supply voltage can be AC or DC, for example, the rated control power supply voltage is 24V or 220V, as long as The control and protection module 2 of different voltage levels is selected, and the coil 21 does not need to be replaced.
  • An operating mechanism 30 is also disposed in the casing 71.
  • a control contact 63 is also provided in the housing 71, the state of the control contact 63 being associated with the state position of the manual operating knob 40.
  • a pair of auxiliary contacts 60, a pair of signal contacts 61 and a pair of 4 alarm contacts 62 may be disposed in the casing 71 for the device to output a status signal.
  • An isolation structure may also be disposed in the casing 71. The position of the isolation structure is associated with the state position of the movable contact 10 and the fixed contact 1 1 , and the state position of the isolation structure is changed by a manual operation mechanism.
  • the base 100 also includes a manually operated knob 40 that can be rotated clockwise and counterclockwise.
  • the manual operation knob 40 can also be replaced with two buttons, the manual operation knob 40 being associated with the operating mechanism 30 via the transmission mechanism 41.
  • the state position of the manual operation knob 40 is associated with the state positions of the movable contact 10 and the stationary contact 1 1 .
  • the state position of the manual operation knob 40 is also associated with the state position of the control contact 63, and the opening and closing of the device can be controlled by manually operating the knob 40.
  • the state position of the manual operation knob 40 can also be associated with the control and protection module 200.
  • the control and protection module The 200 is in a pluggable state; when the manual operation knob 40 is in a position to close the state of the movable contact 10 and the fixed contact 11 , the control and protection module 200 is in a locked state.
  • the above functions can be realized by manually engaging the structural members in the knob 40 in the control and protection module 200; or by manually setting the handle of the manual operation knob 40 to a certain length, when manually operating the knob 40 to move the movable contacts 10
  • the base 100 is provided with a terminal 80 for controlling a power supply voltage.
  • the terminal 80 may be provided in one set or in two sets.
  • One end of the terminal 80 is provided with a control contact 63 for supplying a power supply voltage to the control and protection module 200 through the connector 102.
  • the terminal 80 is set to a group, for example, the terminal 80 is composed of an A1/A2 terminal, and a control contact can be connected outside the A1/A2 terminal, for example, a control button is connected outside the A1/A2 terminal.
  • the state of the power supply voltage is controlled by manipulating the control buttons.
  • the terminal block can also be set to two groups. For example, it can be composed of two sets of terminals A1/A2 and A3/A4. One set of terminals, such as the power supply voltage connected to A3/A4, is directly supplied to the control and protection module 200, and the other set of terminals A1.
  • control and protection module 200 is used in the same way as when only one set of terminals is set.
  • the state of the control and protection module 200 is guaranteed to be unaffected by the state of the external contact point, and is maintained with A3/A4. Consistent.
  • the control and protection module 200 is pluggable and interchangeable, and includes a signal input terminal 101 connected to the output signal of the current sensor 15, and an electrical signal input to the current flowing through the second current conductor 14 of the main circuit to the signal processing control. unit.
  • the signal processing control unit includes an electronic protection device 51 and an electronic control device 52.
  • the electronic protection device 51 includes a trip trip device 50 for protection.
  • the tripping device 50 is used for detecting a signal processing unit, and the tripping trip device 50 is associated with the mechanical member 31 of the operating mechanism 30. After the signal processing unit detects the fault signal, the state of the tripping trip device 50 is switched.
  • the mechanical member 31 on the trip trip device 50 actuates the trip member in the operating mechanism 30, and the movable contact 10 and the fixed contact 1 1 are quickly opened by the associated transmission mechanism 41 and contact support 17.
  • the trip member in the operating mechanism 30 is reset by manually operating the counterclockwise rotation of the knob 40.
  • the electronic control unit 52 includes a control unit for controlling the electromagnet 20, and is connected to the coil 21 of the control electromagnet via a connecting line 103.
  • the state of the electromagnet 20 is controlled by a signal command from a control unit in the signal processing control unit.
  • the signal processing control unit can usually be at least two parts which are separately arranged in strong and weak power, and the power supply and the signal are transmitted through the connecting member 501.
  • the control and protection module 200 is pluggable and interchangeable, and different control and protection modules 200 can be provided depending on the occasion and category of use.
  • the control and protection module 200 is provided with modules for adapting different power supply voltages, such as DC24V, AC24V, DC48V, AC48V, DC1 10V, AC1 10V, DC220V, AC220V.
  • the control and protection module 200 is made up.
  • AC/DC universal type that is, only need to select different voltage levels, regardless of the AC/DC type of voltage.
  • the multi-function control and protection module 200 with communication and liquid crystal display, with dual power protection, etc.; can also be customized according to the special occasions of the special function protection control and protection module 200, for example Suitable for fire fighting occasions.
  • a pair of auxiliary contacts 60 and a pair of signal contacts 61, 62 can be built in; an auxiliary module and signal, an alarm module and a reversible module, voltage control and protection can also be externally connected Modules and other expansion modules, and these modules can be placed at the upper or left and right ends of the electrical device, or at the front and rear ends of the device or in parallel and in parallel.
  • the current sensor 15 includes a secondary circuit connection detecting device, and the secondary circuit connection detecting device includes:
  • the three-phase current transformer is disposed inside the current detecting device, and the second ends of each of the three-phase current transformers are connected to each other to form a common end, and the first ends of each of the three-phase current transformers are independent .
  • the first verification terminal is disposed inside the current detecting device, and the first verification terminals are connected to each other.
  • the first verification terminals are usually two, arranged on both sides of the common end and the first end of the three-phase current transformer.
  • the male terminal and the male terminal are formed by a common terminal, a first end of the three-phase current transformer, and a first verification terminal.
  • the receiving terminal is disposed inside the protection module, and the receiving terminal includes a receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer and a receiving terminal of the common terminal.
  • the second verification terminal is disposed inside the protection module, and the second verification terminals are not connected to each other.
  • the second verification terminals are usually two, disposed on both sides of the receiving terminal of the common terminal and the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer.
  • the female terminal, the female terminal is received by the common terminal, the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer, and The second verification terminals are formed together.
  • the female terminal is matched with the male terminal
  • the receiving terminal of the common terminal is matched with the common terminal
  • the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer is matched with the first end of the three-phase current transformer
  • the first verification terminal is matched with the second verification terminal.
  • the male terminal consists of 6 terminals, and the same female terminal also consists of 6 terminals.
  • the six pairs of terminals should be regarded as a whole in the definition, but it should be noted that the solution of the present invention is not limited to six pairs of terminals, as long as it can accurately reflect the connection state of the current detecting device and the protection module, It is considered to be within the scope of the invention.
  • the length of the first verification terminal may be shorter than the length of the common terminal and the first end of the three-phase current transformer.
  • the length of the second verification terminal may be shorter than the length of the receiving terminal of the common terminal and the receiving terminal of the three-phase current transformer.
  • the detecting is performed on the second verification terminal, detecting the communication condition of the second verification terminal arranged inside the protection module in a manner that is not connected to each other, to change the level state of the I/O port of the microprocessor in the protection module,
  • the i processor determines the level state of the I/O port: in the case of a primary circuit disconnection, when the level is high, the microprocessor issues a signal for closing the primary circuit; when the level is low The microprocessor prohibits the signal from being used to close the primary loop. In the case where a loop is closed, when the level is high, the microprocessor maintains the current state; when the level is low, the microprocessor issues a signal for breaking the primary loop.
  • a resistor is arranged between each secondary winding coil of the three-phase current transformer, and the resistance of the resistor satisfies: sampling current at a position in a normal plug-in state; maintaining three-phase in an abnormal plug-in state The communication of the secondary side circuit of the current transformer. After setting the resistor, select the appropriate resistance so that the resistor will not affect the current sampling under the normal plug-in state of the current detecting device and the protection module, and ensure the secondary side of the current transformer in the abnormal plug-in state.
  • the loop is connected to avoid a high voltage induced on the secondary winding coil, posing a safety threat to the current detecting device and the human body.
  • the secondary circuit connection detecting device includes a current detecting device and a protection module connected to the detecting circuit.
  • Figure 4 shows the schematic diagram of the three-phase current transformer secondary winding coil used in the secondary loop connection detecting device.
  • the three-phase current transformer is disposed in the current detecting device, and the current detecting device is disposed in the power base, wherein CT1, CT2 and CT3 are respectively three secondary windings of the three-phase current transformer, Signal_L1, Signal_L2 Signal—L3 and Signal—Common are the four terminals of the secondary winding of a three-phase current transformer, and Signal—Common is the common terminal.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the current detecting device and the protection module to the detecting circuit in the secondary circuit connection detecting device.
  • the detection circuit includes: a microcontroller M, a crystal oscillator Y, a connection terminal Pmale (male terminal), a connection terminal Pfemale (female terminal), a resistor R1, R2, a N-channel MOS transistor Q, and a capacitor C.
  • Pin 2 of resistor R1 is connected to power supply Vcc, and pin 1 is connected to pin 1 of connection terminal Pmale.
  • Pmale's foot 2 is connected to Pfemale's foot 2
  • Pmale's foot 3 is connected to Pfemale's foot 3
  • Pmale's foot 4 is connected to Pfemale's foot 4
  • Pmale's foot 5 is connected to Pfemale's foot 5 Connection
  • pin 6 of Pmale is connected to pin 2 of resistor R2 and pin 2 of N-channel MOS transistor Q.
  • Pin 1 of resistor R2 is connected to pin 3 of N-channel MOS transistor Q and grounded.
  • Pin 1 of the MOS transistor Q is connected to pin 1 of capacitor C and pin 2 of controller M.
  • Pin 2 of capacitor C is connected to pin 1 of controller M and is connected to power supply Vcc, No. 1 of crystal oscillator Y.
  • the foot is connected to pin 6 of the controller M.
  • the pin 2 of the crystal oscillator is connected to the pin 1 of the controller M to the pin 1 of the Pfemale, and the pin 1 of the Pfemale is connected to the pin 6 of the Pfemale.
  • the connection terminal Pfemale is located in the power base, and the remaining components are located in the protection module. It should be noted that the placement position of the components can be changed.
  • the connection terminal Pfemale can be placed in the protection module and the remaining components can be placed in the power. Inside the base.
  • the microcontroller M is powered by the switching power supply output signal, and Vcc and GND are the signals output by the switching power supply.
  • Vcc and GND are the signals output by the switching power supply.
  • the signal SGN D is connected to the GN D, that is, the GN D of the microcontroller M is connected to the GN D of the switching power supply output, and the microcontroller M is powered, operates normally, and can perform various control and protection functions; when the connection terminal Pfemale When pin 1 and pin 6 of the connection terminal Pmale are not securely inserted, Pmale's pin 1 and pin 6 are disconnected, voltage Vcc cannot be divided by resistors R1 and R2, and pin 2 of resistor R2 is low.
  • the N-channel MOS transistor Q is turned off, the GN D of the microcontroller M is disconnected from the GND of the switching power supply output, the microcontroller M is de-energized, cannot work, and cannot perform any kind of control and protection functions, thereby controlling and protecting The switchgear can't be closed, and the primary circuit can't work. It avoids the reliability of the control and protection switchgear caused by the unreliable connection of the current transformer and the protection module and the potential hazard of the safety of the primary circuit.
  • Figure 6 discloses a flow chart of the detection procedure performed in the secondary loop connection detecting device.
  • Figure 6 reveals the process of performing the test:
  • the program in the microprocessor determines the level state of the I/O port: When the level is high, the secondary loop connection is reliable, the program in the microprocessor maintains the current state; when the level is low The secondary circuit connection is not reliable.
  • the program prohibits the signal for closing the loop; when the microprocessor detects a loop closure, the program issues a signal for breaking the loop.
  • the primary circuit cannot work, and the reliability of the control and protection switching device due to the unreliable connection of the current transformer and the protection module and the potential hazard of the safety of the primary circuit to which it belongs are avoided.
  • Fig. 7 discloses a schematic diagram of a protection circuit used in a secondary loop connection detecting device.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a further protection circuit.
  • the circuit consists of a connection terminal Pet and resistors R_L1, R-L2, R_L3.
  • Pin 1 of terminal Pet is connected to pin 1 of resistor R-L1, pin 2 is powered Block R-L2 pin 1 is connected, pin 3 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R-L3, pin 2 of pin 4 and R-L1, pin 2 of R-L2, number 2 of R-L3
  • All components are located in the power base, and the connection terminal Pet is connected to the four terminals of the secondary winding of the three-phase current transformer in Fig. 1.
  • the resistance values of the resistors R-L1, R-L2, and R-L3 satisfy: the sampling current in the position of the normal plug-in state; and the communication of the secondary-side loop of the three-phase current transformer is maintained in the abnormal plug-in state. After setting the resistor, select the appropriate resistance so that the resistor will not affect the current sampling under the normal plug-in state of the current detecting device and the protection module, and ensure the secondary side of the current transformer in the abnormal plug-in state.
  • the connection of the circuit avoids the high voltage induced on the secondary winding coil, posing a safety threat to the current detecting device and the human body.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a current transformer signal processing circuit used in a secondary loop connection detecting device.
  • the circuit consists of resistors Ra, Rb, Rc, diodes Da1, Da2, Da3, Da4, Da5, Da6.
  • Pin 1 of resistor Ra, pin 2 of diode Da1, pin 1 of diode Da2, pin 1 of resistor Rb, pin 2 of diode Db1, pin 1 of diode Db2, pin 1 of resistor Rc, diode Pin 2 of Del and pin 1 of diode Dc2 are connected, and pin 2 is connected to pin 1 of diode Da1 and pin 2 of diode Da2.
  • Pin 2 of resistor Rb is connected to pin 1 of diode Db1 and pin 2 of diode Db2.
  • Pin 2 of the resistor Rc is connected to pin 1 of the diode Del and pin 2 of the diode Dc2. All components are located inside the protection module.
  • the signal Signal_L1, Signal_L2, Signal_L3, Signal_Common which is located on the connecting terminal Pet in the power base, is three.
  • the signal of the phase current transformer can be reliably transmitted to the protection module.
  • the resistance values of Signal_L1, Signal_L2, and Signal-L3 and Signal-Common are respectively R_L1*Ra/(R_L1 + Ra), R_L2* Rb/(R-L2+ Rb), R- L3* Rc/(R—L3+ Rc), the above resistance values can be guaranteed to meet the current sampling design target.
  • the above Signal_L1, Signal_L2, and Signal-L3 signals are transmitted to the microcontroller M through the subsequent processing circuit, and the microcontroller M can do this for any kind of control and protection.
  • the signals on the connector Pet located in the power base Signal_L1, Signal_L2, Signal_L3, Signal-Common Cannot be transferred to the protection module. This If there is no resistor R_L1, R_L2, R_L3, then the signal - L1, Signal_L2, Signal_L3 and Signal-Common are open, that is, the secondary circuit of the current transformer is not connected, as described above. It poses a safety threat to current transformers and people.
  • Signal_L1, Signal_L2, and Signal_L3 respectively interact with Signal-Common into the resistors R-L1, R-L2, and R_L3, so that the resistance between the secondary windings of the three-phase current transformer is R-L1, R-L2, R_L3, respectively, the above resistance values can ensure the design goals of current transformer and personal safety, thus avoiding the control and protection switch caused by the unreliable connection between the current detecting device and the protection module.
  • the control and protection device of the low-voltage electrical appliance of the invention can fully coordinate the functions of the contactor and the circuit breaker of the device, has high breaking capacity and high electromechanical life, and is suitable for occasions of different control power supply voltages and various protection types, and increases electrical Reliability of connection and use.
  • the secondary circuit connection detecting device can avoid the reliability of the switching device due to the unreliable connection between the current detecting device and the protection module and the potential hazard of the safety of the primary circuit to which it belongs.
  • the secondary circuit connection detecting device requires a small number of components, a simple structure, high reliability, and is small in size and low in cost in the control and protection switching device.

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Abstract

本发明揭示了低压电器的控制及保护装置,包括底座和控制及保护模块,控制及保护模块能够插拔于底座并具有互换性。底座包括基座和罩壳,底座内设置:动触头、静触头和流经主回路电流的电流导体;控制电磁铁和操作机构,依据控制信号控制电磁铁和操作机构控制动触头和静触头的分合,并维持动触头和静触头的分合状态;手动操作旋钮,提供控制动触头和静触头的分合的控制信号;控制触点,连接到手动操作旋钮;电流传感器,检测流经主回路电流导体的电流,生成感应信号;控制及保护模块内设置:信号处理单元,依据感应信号通过电气线路控制控制电磁铁的状态;脱扣跳闸装置,响应信号处理单元,以机械连接控制操作机构动作。其中电流传感器具有二次回路连接检测装置。

Description

低压电器的控制及保护装置 技术领域
本发明涉及低压电器技术领域, 更具体地说, 涉及一种低压电器的控 制及保护装置,该低压电器的控制及保护装置具有二次回路连接检测装置。 背景技术
断路器可用于线路的不频繁转换及电动机的不频繁起动。 在配电网络 中用来分配电能, 用于线路及电源设备的过载、 短路和欠电压保护。 也可 用于电动机的不频繁起动和运转中分断以及过载、 短路和欠电压保护。 接 触器可用于频繁接通、 分断电路及接通、 分断和承载规定的过载电流。 接 触器一般均具有频繁操作的能力和高的机电寿命。
对于用电设备的控制与保护一般可通过断路器、 接触器和热继电器或 电动机保护器、 起动器等多个分立器件的组合来实现, 也可用集控制与保 护于一体的多功能电器来实现。 由多个分立器件组成的控制与保护装置存 在着各组成器件间的协调配合问题, 并且其安装、 连接繁杂, 多种分立器 件占用的空间较大, 使制造和使用成本增加, 不适合在体积较小的有限空 间使用。
授权公告号 CN 1258798C , 题为 "具有接触器和断路器功能的装置" 的中国专利申请揭示了一种具有接触器和断路器功能的装置的电气设备, 包括控制磁铁和保护装置, 他们各自能够通过一个多极装置分别响应人为 控制和电气故障探测而作用在动触头上。 电磁跳闸装置加 'J触头控制机构 上。 优选地是, 可互换的保护装置通过控制线路连接到继电器磁铁上, 通 过跳闸线路连接到控制机构上, 从而将电磁铁的电源输出到控制线路上, 并在出现故障情况下, 将一个跳闸信号输出到跳闸线路上。 电磁铁是 DC 型, 保护装置调节其电源电压。 CN 1258798C揭示的方案中, 在触头控制 机构中添加电磁跳闸装置, 保护装置通过控制线路连接到电磁铁上, 并通 过跳闸线路连接到控制机构上。 由于其跳闸装置在保护装置外, 跳闸装置 与保护装置处于不同的模块中, 故其电气连接需通过外接电气接头进行连 接。 通过连接件和电气线路传递电信号会由于连接的质量和电气干扰等因 素而引起可靠性的降低。 CN 1258798C中还提及, 保护装置包括探测流过 电源导体的电流的装置, 因为要探测流过电源导体的电流, 电源导体必须 通过检测装置, 其使用时产生的较高热量, 会大大降低保护装置中电子元 器件的性能和使用寿命。
公开号为 CN 101494143 , 题为 "具有控制和保护功能的开关电器" 的中国专利申请揭示了一种具有控制和保护功能的开关电器, 采用交、 直 流可互换式模块化结构磁系统, 脱扣器、 辅助触头和通信模块分别为可互 换的模块, 而且多个辅助触头模块和通信模块可根据用户需要有选择地接 入, 既具有接触器的可频繁操作和寿命长的特点和功能, 又具有断路器的 控制、 保护和快速分断的特点和功能。 该发明的开关电器不仅具有可根据 电压类型和额定电流选配脱扣器的功能, 而且还具有可在现场自行设定过 载和短路保护整定倍数、 脱扣等级和负载电机极数的功能, 适配性能极佳, 附件接入具有极好的互换性, 所需的产品型号少和附件的品种、 类型少, 开关整体结构紧凑、 体积小、 寿命长, 大大方便了用户的使用和管理, 提 高了产品的适用范围和可靠性。 CN 101494143 提及的具有控制与保护功 能的开关电器, 在控制电源端子与电磁铁之间串接一开关, 通过对串接开 关的控制来控制电磁铁的通 /断。 控制电源的电压类型为交流电压或直流电 压, 电磁铁的电压类型根据控制电源端子的电压类型选配; 或者反之, 电 磁铁的电压类型为交流电压或直流电压, 控制电源端子的电压类型根据电 磁铁的电压类型配置。 这样增加了产品使用时的限制条件, 或为满足不同 场合的使用要求使产品生产的种类增加, 大大增加了生产和管理成本, 并 且缩小了使用范围。
公开号为 CN 101924344 , 题为 "一种多功能控制与保护开关电器" 的中国专利申请揭示了一种多功能控制与保护开关电器, 包括含主电路、 控制电磁铁、 脱扣电磁铁和操作机构的动力模块, 所述操作机构通过机械 控制触头通断控制电磁铁的电源回路, 所述操作机构与信报触头模块和脱 扣电磁铁机械关联,所述操作机构通过传动机构实现主电路的分断与闭合; 含脱扣电磁铁驱动电路、 电流传感器和信号处理控制单元的控制及保护模 块; 以及分别提供电源给控制电磁铁驱动电路、 脱扣电磁铁驱动电路和信 号处理控制单元的电源模块。 该发明提供的多功能控制与保护开关电器, 通过采用一体式模块化的结构设计, 提供兼具接触器的控制功能、 断路器 的短路分断功能以及过载继电器的过载保护功能的开关电器。
CN 101924344 提出的控制及保护模块包括脱扣电磁铁驱动电路和电流传 感器; 电流传感器的一次回路通过线夹或插头与主电路连接, 电流传感器 的二次回路的感应信号和信号处理控制单元相连, 从而实现对主电路电流 的检测和判断。 由于控制及保护模块包括电流传感器, 电流传感器在使用 过程中的发热, 会影响相邻元器件的使用性能和寿命; 并且由于电流传感 器的一次回路通过线夹或插头与主电路连接, 其连接方式使得连接处的电 阻和温升增加, 其连接的可靠性会直接影响到电流传感器的测量精度, 进 而对整个产品产生影响。
公开号为 CN 101923988 , 题为 "一种模块化的多功能电器" 的中国 专利申请揭示了一种模块化的多功能开关电器, 包括: 底座 1、 驱壳 2、 电磁传动机构 5、 操作机构 4、 主电路接触组 3。 主电路接触组 3后端装有 接线端子, 可以通过导线或导电排连接到负载; 驱壳 2后端内表面与主电 路接触组后 3端的内表面相贴合。 还可包括辅助模块、 热磁脱扣器、 数字 化控制器、 隔离机构。 该模块化多功能电器采用模块化结构设计, 选用不 同的模块可以组成不同种类的产品构成, 且体积小, 产品内部实现控制与 保护的协调配合, 接线方便、 可靠性较高、 并且具有节能节材的特点, 具 有较高的经济效益和社会效益。 CN 101923988 揭示的模块化多功能电器 的过载保护采用热磁脱扣, 缺点是由于不同规格电流等级的保护需要不同 电流规格的热磁脱扣器, 使产品的数量增加, 增加生产和管理成本。 另外, 数字化控制器除了需与热磁脱扣器相连外, 还需通过螺钉的连接方式与接 触组端子相连, 这种连接方式除了使模块化的组装不直接、 不方便外, 还 会影响连接的可靠性。
现有的保护装置为机械式的具有接触器和断路器功能的开关电器, 因 所需保护范围的电源电压和电流的不同, 需要大量的开关。 另外通过电磁 铁控制主触头, 具有接触器和断路器功能的开关电器, 因电磁铁不能满足 其作断路器功能时快速分断主触头的要求, 因此其保护的范围有限, 不能 达到断路器的高分断性能。
此外, 对于置于保护模块外的电流检测装置, 其二次回路与保护模块 之间相互接插的可靠性关系到控制与保护开关电器的工作可靠性及其所 属的一次回路的安全性。 一种可能出现的情况是: 整个控制与保护开关电 器处于闭合状态, 但电流检测装置二次回路未与保护模块接插可靠, 保护 模块无法获取电流互感器对初级电流的反映,一旦此时一次回路发生短路 故障, 保护模块将无法检测到短路电流, 从而无法发出用于分断一次回路 的信号, 引起破坏性事故。 因此, 还需要对电流检测装置二次回路的连接 可靠性进行检测。 发明内容
本发明旨在提出一种模块化、 可互换、 一体式的具有控制与保护功能 的电器装置, 并且该电器装置具有二次回路连接检测装置。
根据本发明的一实施例, 提出一种低压电器的控制及保护装置, 包括 底座和控制及保护模块, 控制及保护模块能够插拔并具有互换性, 控制及 保护模块插接在底座上。
底座包括基座和罩壳, 底座内设置:
动触头、 静触头和流经主回路电流的电流导体;
控制电磁铁和操作机构, 依据控制信号控制电磁铁和操作机构控制动 触头和静触头的分合, 并维持动触头和静触头的分合状态;
手动操作旋鈕, 提供控制动触头和静触头的分合的控制信号; 控制触点, 连接到手动操作旋鈕;
电流传感器, 检测流经主回路电流导体的电流, 生成感应信号; 控制及保护模块内设置:
信号处理单元, 依据所述感应信号通过电气线路控制控制电磁铁的状 态;
脱扣跳闸装置, 响应所述信号处理单元, 以机械连接控制所述操作机 构动作。 在一个实施例中, 在基座内设置:
多极触头, 多极触头包括静触头和动触头;
接触桥, 动触头设置在接触桥上;
弹簧, 接触桥连接到弹簧, 弹簧向接触桥施加弹簧力使接触桥与动触 头向静触头运动并使得动触头与静触头闭合;
触头支持件连接到接触桥, 触头支持件使静触头与动触头分开; 流经主回路的第一电流导体和第二电流导体, 静触头设置在流经主回 路的第一电流导体和第二电流导体上, 第一电流导体上设置电源端子, 第 二电流导体上设置负载端子;
灭弧室, 灭弧室布置在动触头和静触头的两侧。
在一个实施例中, 在基座内还设置隔板, 隔板布置在第一电流导体和 第二电流导体上, 隔板将动触头、 静触头、 接触桥、 触头支持件、 灭弧室、 第一电流导体和第二电流导体隔离在基座内。
在一个实施例中, 罩壳连接到基座, 罩壳与基座通过隔板互相隔离, 罩壳内设置有:
电流传感器, 电流传感器固定在隔板上, 电流传感器连接到第二电源 导体形成一次回路, 电流传感器的二次回路输出感应信号传至信号处理控 制单元;
控制电磁铁, 控制电磁铁包括线圈和反力弹簧, 反力弹簧通过传动件 连接到触头支持件, 反力弹簧通过传动件向触头支持件施加弹簧力使动触 头和静触头分离;
操作机构, 操作机构经由连杆通过传动件连接到触头支持件, 操作机 构通过连杆和传动件向触头支持件施加维持力维持动触头和静触头的分 离;
控制触点, 控制触点连接到手动操作旋鈕, 控制触点的状态与手动操 作旋鈕的状态位置相关联;
在一个实施例中, 罩壳内还设置有辅助触头、 信号触头和报警触头, 辅助触头、 信号触头和报警触头输出状态信号。
在一个实施例中, 基座上置有控制电源电压的接线端子, 接线端子的 一端连接到控制触点。
在一个实施例中, 手动操作旋鈕能顺时针或逆时针转动, 手动操作旋 鈕通过传动机构连接到操作机构, 手动操作旋鈕的状态位置与动触头和静 触头的位置相关;逆时针转动手动操作旋鈕使操作机构中的脱扣部件复位; 手动操作旋鈕的状态位置与控制及保护模块相关, 手动操作旋鈕的状态位 置处于使动触头和静触头分离的位置时,控制及保护模块处于能插拔状态, 手动操作旋鈕处于使动触头和静触头的闭合的位置时, 控制及保护模块处 于锁定状态。
在一个实施例中, 手动操作旋鈕卡接在控制及保护模块中; 或者手动 操作旋鈕包括一手柄, 当手动操作旋鈕使动触头和静触头闭合时, 手动操 作旋鈕的手柄卡在控制及保护模块上, 使得控制及保护模块锁定, 当手动 操作旋鈕使动触头和静触头打开时, 手动操作旋鈕的与控制及保护模块分 离, 使得控制及保护模块能被插拔。
在一个实施例中, 在控制及保护模块内设置:
信号输入端, 信号输入端连接到电流传感器, 接收电流传感器输出的 感应信号;
信号处理单元, 连接到信号输入端, 从信号输入端接收电流传感器的 感应信号, 并输出脱扣指令;
脱扣跳闸装置, 通过机械构件连接到操作机构, 脱扣跳闸装置根据所 述脱扣指令通过机械构件致动操作机构中的脱扣部件, 进而打开动触头和 静触头。
在一个实施例中, 信号处理单元包括:
电子保护装置, 电子保护装置保护脱扣跳闸装置;
电子控制装置, 电子控制装置连接到控制电磁铁, 电子控制装置通过 连接线路连接到控制电磁铁的线圈, 转换控制电磁铁的状态。
在一个实施例中, 电流传感器包括二次回路连接检测装置, 该二次回 路连接检测装置包括:
三相电流互感器, 设置在电流检测装置内部, 三相电流互感器中每一 个互感器的第二端互相连接形成公共端, 三相电流互感器中每一个电流互 感器的第一端各自独立;
第一验证端子, 设置在电流检测装置内部, 第一验证端子彼此相连; 公端子, 公端子由所述公共端、 三相电流互感器的第一端以及第一验 证端子共同形成;
接收端子, 设置在保护模块内部, 接收端子包括三相电流互感器的接 收端子和公共端的接收端子;
第二验证端子, 设置在保护模块内部, 第二验证端子彼此不相连; 母端子, 母端子由所述公共端的接收端子、 三相电流互感器的接收端 子和第二验证端子共同形成;
其中母端子与公端子匹配, 公共端的接收端子匹配公共端, 三相电流 互感器的接收端子匹配三相电流互感器的第一端, 第一验证端子匹配第二 险证端子。
在一个实施例中, 二次回路连接检测装置中:
第一验证端子为两个, 设置在所述公共端和三相电流互感器的第一端 的两侧;
第二验证端子为两个, 设置在所述公共端的接收端子和三相电流互感 器的接收端子的两侧。
在一个实施例中, 二次回路连接检测装置中:
第一验证端子的长度短于所述公共端和三相电流互感器的第一端的长 度;
第二验证端子的长度短于所述公共端的接收端子和三相电流互感器的 接收端子的长度。
在一个实施例中, 二次回路连接检测装置中:
对彼此不相连的第二验证端子进行导通检测, 以改变保护模块中微处 理器的 I/O端口的电平状态, 微处理器判断该 I/O端口的电平状态:
在一次回路断开的情况下, 当该电平为高时, 微处理器发出用于闭合 一次回路的信号; 当该电平为低时, 微处理器禁止发出用于闭合一次回路 的信号;
在一次回路闭合的情况下, 当该电平为高时, 微处理器维持当前状态; 当该电平为低时, 微处理器发出用于分断一次回路的信号; 通过检测电流检测装置二次回路的连接, 改变一次回路的通断状态。 在一个实施例中, 二次回路连接检测装置中:
三相电流互感器的各二次绕组线圈之间还包括电阻, 所述电阻的阻值 满足:
在正常接插状态下的位置采样电流;
在非正常接插状态下维持三相电流互感器的二次侧回路的连通。
本发明的低压电器的控制及保护装置能充分协调装置的接触器和断路 器的功能, 具有高的分断能力和高的机电寿命, 适用不同的控制电源电压 和多种保护种类的场合, 增加电气连接和使用的可靠性。 其中的二次回路 连接检测装置能够避免由于电流检测装置与保护模块接插不可靠产生的开 关电器的可靠性及其所属的一次回路的安全性的潜在危害。 该二次回路连 接检测装置要求的元器件数量少, 结构简单, 可靠性高, 在控制与保护开 关电器内使用具有体积小、 成本低的特点。 附图说明
本发明上述的以及其他的特征、 性能和优势将通过下面结合附图和实 施例的描述而变的更加明显, 在附图中相同的附图标记始终表示相同的特 征, 其中:
图 1揭示了根据本发明的一实施例的低压电器的控制及保护装置的结 构示意图。
图 2揭示了根据本发明的一实施例的低压电器的控制及保护装置的结 构示意图。
图 3揭示了根据本发明的一实施例的低压电器的控制及保护装置的外 部示意图。
图 4 揭示了根据本发明的一个实施例的二次回路连接检测装置中使 用的三相电流互感器二次绕组线圈的原理图。
图 5 揭示了根据本发明的一个实施例的二次回路连接检测装置中电 流检测装置与保护模块连接检测电路的原理图。 图 6 揭示了根据本发明的一个实施例的 次回路连接检测装置中所 执行的检测程序的流程图。
图 7 揭示了根据本发明的一个实施例的 次回路连接检测装置中使 用的保护电路的原理图。
图 8 揭示了根据本发明的一个实施例的 次回路连接检测装置中使 用的电流互感器信号处理电路的原理图。 具体实施方式
本发明的主要设计思想如下:
提出一种模块化、 可互换、一体式的具有控制与保护功能的电器装置。 检测流经导体的电流检测装置采用电流传感器的形式, 由主回路电流导体 直接通过电流传感器构成一次回路, 电流传感器的二次回路的感应信号和 信号处理控制单元相连, 所述的信号处理控制单元包括电子保护装置与电 子控制装置。 电子保护装置包括用于保护的脱扣跳闸装置, 用于控制的电 磁铁控制装置通过连接线路与电子控制装置相连。
该具有控制与保护功能的电器装置包括: 底座; 可插拔, 具有互换性 的控制及保护模块。 底座包括一个基座和罩壳, 设置有可分离的动、 静触 头和流经主回路电流的电流导体; 一个用于控制可分离的动、 静触头分合 的控制电磁铁, 控制电磁铁可响应人为控制信号; 一个操作机构, 用于控 制可分离的动、 静触头的分合, 操作机构可响应人为控制信号使动、 静触 头分合; 一个手动操作旋鈕, 可通过手动操作控制动、 静触头的分合; 一 个控制触点, 可通过手动操作旋鈕控制其开闭; 一个电流传感器, 可检测 流经主回路电流导体的电流, 并将检测到的信号传至信号处理控制单元。 控制及保护模块内设置一个用于保护的脱扣跳闸装置, 脱扣跳闸装置响应 控制及保护模块中的信号处理控制单元发出的信号, 并通过机械致动机构 致动底座中的操作机构使动、 静触头分离; 一个信号处理控制单元, 信号 处理控制单元可通过电气线路提供控制电磁铁的电源和操控控制电磁铁的 状态。
控制及保护模块为可插拔, 具有互换性。 控制及保护模块的信号输入 端与电流传感器的输出信号相连, 输入流经导体的电流检测的电信号; 其 输出端可输出两种方式的状态转换, 一种状态为机械动作的状态转换, 用 于控制操作机构的机械构件的状态, 另一种是电信号的状态转换, 用于控 制控制电磁铁的状态转换。 本发明的电流传感器置于底座中, 使得主回路 的电流导体直接通过电流传感器, 引出的是电流传感器二次回路的感应信 号,而感应的弱电信号的引入不会引起控制及保护模块内周边温升的升高, 进而不会影响相关元器件的性能和寿命, 而且可大大降低插拔模块的插拔 力, 有利于结构布局及机械性能的提高。
由于模块为可插拔, 具有互换性, 因此可根据使用的场合和类别设置 不同的控制及保护模块。优选的是控制及保护模块可根据保护功能的不同, 设置有不同形式的模块, 例如具有短路保护、 过载保护、 断相保护、 直接 起动等基本保护功能的设置为标准型模块; 将带有通讯和液晶显示的、 具 有双电源保护等多功能的设置为多功能型模块。
本发明还提出一种具有控制与保护功能的电器装置, 包括设置在底座 的下端基座, 通过一个绝缘隔板将其隔离, 基座中设置有可分离的动、 静 触头和电源导体以及与可分离的动、 静触头和电源导体相关联的灭弧室; 操作机构设置有传动机构,传动机构一方面传递机械信号至手动操作旋鈕, 另一方面传递机械信号至动触头; 动触头通过触头支持与操作机构的传动 机构相关联; 在基座和绝缘隔板以上在所述装置的操作机构两端, 一端设 置有控制电磁铁, 另一端设置有电流传感器, 优选的是将控制电磁铁设置 在电源导体的上进线端, 将电流传感器设置在电源导体的下进线端。 通过 一个罩壳单元将设有动、 静触头、 灭弧室、 主回路电源导体的基座, 与操 作机构、 控制电磁铁和电流传感器以及相关的传动机构和隔离件、 连接件 相关联, 形成一个封闭的底座。
本发明还提出一种具有控制与保护功能的电器装置, 优选的是在底座 中设置一隔离结构, 无需在装置外额外增加一个隔离模块, 通过手动控制 机构可靠地使动、 静触头处于断开状态, 且其动静触头间的开距能够满足 隔离要求。
本发明还提出一种具有控制与保护功能的电器装置, 提供带有通讯功 能的通讯模块; 带有剩余电流保护的剩余电流控制及保护模块; 外接辅助 模块, 外接信号和报警模块。 优选的是: 通讯模块设置在多功能型的控制 及保护模块中; 在所述的具有控制与保护功能的电器装置中, 内置一对辅 助触点和一对信报触点; 外接辅助模块和信号、 报警模块可设置在电器装 置的上端或两端。
依据上述的设计思想, 本发明提出如下的技术方案:
一种低压电器的控制及保护装置, 包括底座和控制及保护模块, 控制 及保护模块能够插拔并具有互换性, 控制及保护模块插接在底座上。
底座包括基座和罩壳, 底座内设置: 动触头、 静触头和流经主回路电 流的电流导体、 控制电磁铁和操作机构、 手动操作旋鈕、 控制触点和电流 传感器。
按照一个实施例, 在底座的基座内设置如下的部件:
多极触头, 多极触头包括静触头和动触头。
接触桥, 动触头设置在接触桥上。
弹簧, 接触桥连接到弹簧, 弹簧向接触桥施加弹簧力使接触桥与动触 头向静触头运动并使得动触头与静触头闭合。
触头支持件连接到接触桥, 触头支持件使静触头与动触头分开。
流经主回路的第一电流导体和第二电流导体, 静触头设置在流经主回 路的第一电流导体和第二电流导体上, 第一电流导体上设置电源端子, 第 二电流导体上设置负载端子。
灭弧室, 灭弧室布置在动触头和静触头的两侧。
隔板, 布置在第一电流导体和第二电流导体上, 隔板将动触头、 静触 头、 接触桥、 触头支持件、 灭弧室、 第一电流导体和第二电流导体隔离在 基座内。
按照一个实施例, 罩壳连接到基座, 罩壳与基座通过隔板互相隔离, 在罩壳内设置有如下的部件:
电流传感器, 电流传感器固定在隔板上, 电流传感器连接到第二电源 导体形成一次回路, 电流传感器的二次回路输出感应信号传至信号处理控 制单元。 控制电磁铁, 控制电磁铁包括线圈和反力弹簧, 反力弹簧通过传动件 连接到触头支持件, 反力弹簧通过传动件向触头支持件施加弹簧力使动触 头和静触头分离。
操作机构, 操作机构经由连杆通过传动件连接到触头支持件, 操作机 构通过连杆和传动件向触头支持件施加维持力维持动触头和静触头的分 离。
控制触点, 控制触点连接到手动操作旋鈕, 控制触点的状态与手动操 作旋鈕的状态位置相关联。 在一个实施例中, 基座上置有控制电源电压的 接线端子, 接线端子的一端连接到控制触点。
辅助触头、 信号触头和报警触头, 辅助触头、 信号触头和报警触头输 出状态信号。
控制电磁铁和操作机构, 依据控制信号控制电磁铁和操作机构控制动 触头和静触头的分合, 并维持动触头和静触头的分合状态。
手动操作旋鈕, 提供控制动触头和静触头的分合的控制信号。 手动操 作旋鈕能顺时针或逆时针转动, 手动操作旋鈕通过传动机构连接到操作机 构, 手动操作旋鈕的状态位置与动触头和静触头的位置相关; 逆时针转动 手动操作旋鈕使操作机构中的脱扣部件复位; 手动操作旋鈕的状态位置与 控制及保护模块相关, 手动操作旋鈕的状态位置处于使动触头和静触头分 离的位置时, 控制及保护模块处于能插拔状态, 手动操作旋鈕处于使动触 头和静触头的闭合的位置时, 控制及保护模块处于锁定状态。 为了实现上 述的功能, 手动操作旋鈕可以具有如下的结构: 手动操作旋鈕卡接在控制 及保护模块中; 或者手动操作旋鈕包括一手柄, 当手动操作旋鈕使动触头 和静触头闭合时, 手动操作旋鈕的手柄卡在控制及保护模块上, 使得控制 及保护模块锁定, 当手动操作旋鈕使动触头和静触头打开时, 手动操作旋 鈕的与控制及保护模块分离, 使得控制及保护模块能被插拔。
电流传感器, 检测流经主回路电流导体的电流, 生成感应信号。
控制及保护模块内设置信号处理单元和脱扣跳闸装置。 信号处理单元 依据感应信号通过电气线路控制控制电磁铁的状态。 脱扣跳闸装置响应所 述信号处理单元, 以机械连接控制所述操作机构动作。 在一个实施例中, 在控制及保护模块内设置如下的部件: 信号输入端, 信号输入端连接到电流传感器, 接收电流传感器输出的 感应信号。
信号处理单元, 连接到信号输入端, 从信号输入端接收电流传感器的 感应信号, 并输出脱扣指令。 信号处理单元包括电子保护装置和电子控制 装置。 电子保护装置保护脱扣跳闸装置。 电子控制装置连接到控制电磁铁, 电子控制装置通过连接线路连接到控制电磁铁的线圈, 转换控制电磁铁的 状态。
脱扣跳闸装置, 通过机械构件连接到操作机构, 脱扣跳闸装置根据所 述脱扣指令通过机械构件致动操作机构中的脱扣部件, 进而打开动触头和 静触头。
下面结合图 1〜图 3介绍根据本发明的一实施例的低压电器的控制及 保护装置的具体实例。 其中图 1 揭示了根据本发明的一实施例的低压电 器的控制及保护装置的结构示意图。 图 2也揭示了根据本发明的一实施例 的低压电器的控制及保护装置的结构示意图。 图 3揭示了根据本发明的一 实施例的低压电器的控制及保护装置的外部示意图。
如图 1〜图 3所示, 该低压电器的控制及保护装置包括底座 100和可 插拔、 可互换的控制及保护模块 200。
底座 100包括基座 70, 基座 70设置有多极触头, 这些多极触头配置 有动触头 10和静触头 1 1。 动触头 10布置在接触桥上, 动触头 10可在弹 簧 16的弹簧力作用下, 与静触头 1 1 闭合, 并通过施加在触头支持 17上 力的作用下, 与静触头 1 1分开。 静触头 1 1布置在流经主回路的第一电源 导体 13和第二电源导体 14上。电源端子 135连接在第一电源导体 13上, 负载端子 246连接在第二电源导体 14 上。 灭弧室 12与动触头 10和静触 头 1 1相关联, 布置在基座 70的腔体中。 在基座 70中的第一电源导体 13 和第二电源导体 14上布置隔板 18、 19 , 隔板 18、 19将动触头 10、 静触 头 1 1和灭弧室 12及与其相关联的部件隔离在基座 70之中。
底座 100还包括罩壳 71 , 罩壳 71与基座 70相关联。 罩壳 71 中设置 有电流传感器 15 ,第二电源导体 14直接从电流传感器 15穿过形成一次回 路, 电流传感器 15的二次回路的感应信号通过连接件 101 与控制及保护 模块 200中的信号处理控制单元相连,电流传感器 15可固定在隔板 19上。 罩壳 71 中设置有控制电磁铁 20 , 控制电磁铁 20包括线圈 21和反力弹簧 22 , 反力弹簧 22的作用力通过传动件 42施加到触头支持 17上, 可使动 触头 10与静触头 1 1 分离, 控制电磁铁 20设计成为所需的电源电压与额 定控制电源电压无关, 也就是说, 额定控制电源电压可选用交流或直流, 如额定控制电源电压为 24V或 220V, 只要选配不同电压等级的控制及保 护模块 2 , 无需更换线圈 21。 罩壳 71 中还设置有操作机构 30 , 操作机构 30上的连杆 32通过传动件 42施加一个维持力到触头支持 17上, 可使动 触头 10与静触头 1 1 分离并维持分离状态。 罩壳 71 中还设置有一个控制 触点 63 , 控制触点 63的状态与手动操作旋鈕 40的状态位置相关联。 罩壳 71 中还可设置一对辅助触头 60, 一对信号触头 61 和一对 4艮警触头 62, 可供装置输出状态信号。 罩壳 71 中还可设置一隔离结构, 隔离结构位置 与动触头 10和静触头 1 1 的状态位置相关联, 通过手动操作机构, 改变隔 离结构的状态位置。
底座 100还包括手动操作旋扭 40, 手动操作旋扭 40可作顺时针和逆 时针转动。 在一个实施例中, 手动操作旋鈕 40 也可用两个按鈕来替代, 手动操作旋鈕 40通过传动机构 41 与操作机构 30相关联。 手动操作旋鈕 40的状态位置与动触头 10和静触头 1 1 的状态位置相关联。手动操作旋鈕 40的状态位置还与控制触点 63的状态位置相关联, 可通过手动操作旋鈕 40来控制所述装置的开、 关。 手动操作旋鈕 40的状态位置还可与控制及 保护模块 200相关联, 当手动操作旋鈕 40的状态位置处于使动触头 10和 静触头 1 1 的状态相分离的位置时, 控制及保护模块 200处于可插拔状态; 当手动操作旋鈕 40处于使动触头 10和静触头 1 1的状态相闭合的位置时, 控制及保护模块 200处于被锁定状态。 实现上述功能, 可通过手动操作旋 鈕 40 中的结构件卡接在控制及保护模块 200 中实现; 也可通过将手动操 作旋鈕 40的手柄设置成一定长度, 当手动操作旋鈕 40使动触头 10和静 触头 1 1 的状态处于闭合时, 手动操作旋鈕 40的手柄的一部分卡在控制及 保护模块 200上,使得控制及保护模块 200在动触头 10和静触头 1 1处于 闭合状态时不可插拔; 还可以联合使用上述两种结构, 使卡接更牢固。 底座 100设置有控制电源电压的接线端子 80, 接线端子 80可以设置 为一组, 也可以设置为两组。 接线端子 80的一端设置有一控制触点 63, 将电源电压通过连接件 102 提供给控制及保护模块 200。 当接线端子 80 设置为一组时, 例如此时接线端子 80由 A1/A2端子组成, 其在 A1/A2端 子外可接入一控制触点, 例如在 A1/A2端子外连接一个控制按鈕, 通过操 控控制按鈕来控制电源电压的状态。 接线端子还可设置为两组, 例如可以 由 A1/A2、 A3/A4两组端子组成, 其中一组端子如 A3/A4接入的电源电压 直接供给控制及保护模块 200 , 另一组端子 A1/A2的使用方法与只设置一 组端子时的使用方法相同, 此时当外接控制触点关断时, 保证控制及保护 模块 200的状态可不受外接触点状态的影响, 与 A3/A4保持一致。
控制及保护模块 200 为可插拔, 具有互换性, 包括与电流传感器 15 的输出信号相连的信号输入端 101 , 输入流经主回路的第二电流导体 14 的电流的电信号至信号处理控制单元。 信号处理控制单元包括电子保护装 置 51 与电子控制装置 52。电子保护装置 51 包括用于保护的脱扣跳闸装置 50。 脱扣跳闸装置 50用于检测信号的信号处理单元, 脱扣跳闸装置 50与 操作机构 30相关联的机械构件 31 , 在信号处理单元检测到故障信号后, 转换脱扣跳闸装置 50的状态, 由脱扣跳闸装置 50上的机械构件 31 致动 操作机构 30中的脱扣部件, 通过相关联的传动机构 41 和触头支持 17使 动触头 10和静触头 1 1 快速打开。 通过手动操作旋扭 40逆时针转动, 使 操作机构 30中的脱扣部件复位; 电子控制装置 52包括, 用于控制电磁铁 20的控制单元, 并通过连接线路 103与控制电磁铁的线圈 21相连, 通过 信号处理控制单元中的控制部件发出信号指令, 转换控制电磁铁 20 的状 态。 为减少强弱电信号的干扰, 信号处理控制单元通常可至少做成强弱电 分开设置的两部分, 通过连接件 501传递电源和信号。
控制及保护模块 200为可插拔, 具有互换性, 可根据使用的场合和类 别设置不同的控制及保护模块 200。 控制及保护模块 200设置有适配不同 的电源电压的模块, 例如 DC24V、 AC24V, DC48V、 AC48V, DC1 10V、 AC1 10V, DC220V、 AC220V, 在本实施例中将控制及保护模块 200做成 交直流通用型, 即只需选配不同的电压等级, 而无需考虑电压的交直流类 型。 还设置有可根据保护功能的不同类型, 选配不同形式的控制及保护模 块 200 , 例如具有短路保护、 过载保护、 断相保护、 直接起动等基本保护 功能的设置为标准型的控制及保护模块 200; 将带有通讯和液晶显示的、 具有双电源保护等多功能的设置为多功能型控制及保护模块 200; 还可以 根据特殊场合的使用要求定制特殊功能保护的控制及保护模块 200 , 例如 适合消防场合使用的。 为有利于生产管理, 降低生产和管理成本, 有利的 方式是将信号处理控制单元中除基本功能以外的拓展功能单独做成一部分 53, 电源和信号可通过连接件 502实现。
在本发明的低压电器的控制及保护装置中,可以内置一对辅助触点 60 和一对信报触点 61、 62; 还可以外接辅助模块和信号、 报警模块以及可逆 模块、 电压控制及保护模块等拓展模块, 并且可将这些模块设置在电器装 置的上端或左右两端, 也可设置在装置的前后两端或分立并行安装。
上述的电流传感器 15中包括二次回路连接检测装置, 二次回路连接 检测装置包括:
三相电流互感器, 设置在电流检测装置内部, 三相电流互感器中每一 个互感器的第二端互相连接形成公共端,三相电流互感器中每一个电流互 感器的第一端各自独立。
第一验证端子, 设置在电流检测装置内部, 第一验证端子彼此相连。 第一验证端子通常为两个,布置在公共端和三相电流互感器的第一端的两 侧。
公端子, 公端子由公共端、 三相电流互感器的第一端以及第一验证端 子共同形成。
接收端子, 设置在保护模块内部, 接收端子包括三相电流互感器的接 收端子和公共端的接收端子。
第二验证端子, 设置在保护模块内部, 第二验证端子彼此不相连。 第 二验证端子通常为两个,布置在公共端的接收端子和三相电流互感器的接 收端子的两侧。
母端子, 母端子由公共端的接收端子、 三相电流互感器的接收端子和 第二验证端子共同形成。 母端子与公端子匹配, 公共端的接收端子匹配公 共端, 三相电流互感器的接收端子匹配三相电流互感器的第一端, 第一验 证端子匹配第二验证端子。
在通常情况下, 公端子由 6个端子组成, 同样的母端子也由 6个端 子组成。 这 6对端子在定义上应视为一个整体而存在, 但需要说明的是, 本发明的方案并不局限于 6对端子,只要能够准确反映电流检测装置与保 护模块的接插状况, 都应该被视为在本发明的范围内。
第一验证端子的长度可以短于公共端和三相电流互感器的第一端的 长度。 相应的, 第二验证端子的长度可以短于公共端的接收端子和三相电 流互感器的接收端子的长度。 这样, 当位于两侧的验证端子接插良好时, 能够保证中间 4对端子接插良好 (中间 4对端子更加长) , 同时能够保 证电流检测装置二次回路的连接良好。
检测是在第二验证端子上进行,检测在保护模块内部的以彼此不相连 的方式布置的第二验证端子的连通状况, 以改变保护模块中微处理器的 I/O端口的电平状态, i处理器判断该 I/O端口的电平状态: 在一次回路 断开的情况下,当该电平为高时,微处理器发出用于闭合一次回路的信号; 当该电平为低时, 微处理器禁止发出用于闭合一次回路的信号。 在一次回 路闭合的情况下, 当该电平为高时, 微处理器维持当前状态; 当该电平为 低时, 微处理器发出用于分断一次回路的信号。 通过检测电流检测装置二 次回路的连接, 改变一次回路的通断状态, 以保证整个控制与保护开关电 器的安全运行。
在一个实施例中, 在三相电流互感器的各二次绕组线圈之间布置电 阻, 电阻的阻值满足: 在正常接插状态下的位置采样电流; 在非正常接插 状态下维持三相电流互感器的二次侧回路的连通。 设置电阻之后, 选择合 适的阻值,使得电阻既不会对电流检测装置与保护模块正常接插状态下的 电流采样产生影响,又能在非正常接插状态下确保电流互感器的二次侧回 路的连通, 从而避免二次绕组线圈上感应出很高的电压, 对电流检测装置 及人身造成安全威胁。 下面结合附图介绍该二次回路连接检测装置的具体实现。需要说明的 是, 这些具体实现的目的是为了更加有助于理解本发明, 并且使该二次回 路连接检测装置的积极效果更加体现,但这些具体实现不应视为对本发明 方案的限制。
该二次回路连接检测装置包括电流检测装置与保护模块连接检测电 路。
图 4 揭示了二次回路连接检测装置中使用的三相电流互感器二次绕 组线圈的原理图。 三相电流互感器设置在电流检测装置内, 电流检测装置 设置在动力底座内, 其中, CT1、 CT2、 CT3分别为三相电流互感器的三 个二次绕组, Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3与 Signal— Common为 三相电流互感器的二次绕组的四个端子, Signal— Common为其中的公共 端。
图 5 揭示了二次回路连接检测装置中电流检测装置与保护模块连接 检测电路的原理图。 该检测电路包括: 微控制器 M、 晶振 Y, 连接端子 Pmale (公端子) , 连接端子 Pfemale (母端子) , 电阻 R1、 R2, N沟 道 MOS管 Q , 电容 C。
电阻 R1 的 2号脚与电源 Vcc连接, 1 号脚与连接端子 Pmale的 1 号脚连接。 Pmale的 2号脚与 Pfemale的 2号脚连接, Pmale的 3号脚 与 Pfemale的 3号脚连接, Pmale的 4号脚与 Pfemale的 4号脚连接, Pmale的 5号脚与 Pfemale的 5号脚连接, Pmale的 6号脚与电阻 R2 的 2号脚、 N沟道 MOS管 Q的 2号脚连接, 电阻 R2的 1号脚与 N沟 道 MOS管 Q的 3号脚连接并接地, N沟道 MOS管 Q的 1号脚与电容 C 的 1号脚、 控制器 M的 2号脚连接, 电容 C的 2号脚与控制器 M的 1 号脚连接并接电源 Vcc, 晶振 Y的 1号脚与控制器 M的 6号脚连接, 晶 振丫的 2号脚与控制器 M的 7号脚连接 Pfemale的 1号脚, Pfemale的 1号脚与 Pfemale的 6号脚连接。 连接端子 Pfemale 位于动力底座内, 其余元器件均位于保护模块内,需要说明的是,元件的放置位置可以改变, 也可以将连接端子 Pfemale放置在保护模块中而将其余元件放置在动力 底座内。 微控制器 M 由开关电源输出信号供电, Vcc与 GND为开关电 源输出的信号。 当连接端子 Pfemale与连接端子 Pmale的 1号脚与 6号 脚可靠接插时, Pmale的 1号脚与 6号脚连通, 电压 Vcc经电阻 R1、 R2 分压后, 在电阻 R2的 2号脚产生高电平, N沟道 MOS管 Q导通, 其导 通压降在 0.02V 以下, 与 Vcc相比可忽略不计。 这样, 信号 SGN D 与 GN D连通, 即微控制器 M的 GN D与开关电源输出的 GN D连通, 微控 制器 M 得电, 正常工作, 能够完成各种控制与保护功能; 当连接端子 Pfemale与连接端子 Pmale的 1 号脚与 6号脚未可靠接插时, Pmale的 1号脚与 6号脚断开, 电压 Vcc无法通过电阻 R1、 R2分压, 电阻 R2的 2号脚为低电平, N沟道 MOS管 Q关断, 微控制器 M的 GN D与开关电 源输出的 GND断开, 微控制器 M失电, 无法工作, 不能完成任何种控制 与保护功能, 从而控制与保护开关电器无法闭合, 一次回路无法工作, 避 免了由于电流互感器与保护模块接插不可靠产生的控制与保护开关电器 的可靠性及其所属的一次回路的安全性的潜在危害。
图 6揭示了二次回路连接检测装置中所执行的检测程序的流程图。图 6揭示了进行检测的过程:
首先, 微处理器中的程序判断该 I/O端口的电平状态: 当该电平为高 时, 二次回路连接可靠, 微处理器中的程序维持当前状态; 当该电平为低 时, 二次回路连接不可靠。
此时, 当微处理器检测到一次回路断开时, 程序禁止发出用于闭合一 次回路的信号; 当微处理器检测到一次回路闭合时, 程序发出用于分断一 次回路的信号。
这样, 一次回路无法工作, 避免了由于电流互感器与保护模块接插不 可靠产生的控制与保护开关电器的可靠性及其所属的一次回路的安全性 的潜在危害。
图 7揭示了二次回路连接检测装置中使用的保护电路的原理图。 图 7 是进一步保护电路的原理图。该电路由连接端子 Pet及电阻 R— L1 , R— L2 , R_L3组成。 端子 Pet的 1 号脚与电阻 R— L1 的 1 号脚连接, 2号脚与电 阻 R— L2的 1号脚连接, 3号脚与电阻 R— L3的 1号脚连接, 4号脚与 R— L1 的 2号脚, R— L2的 2号脚, R— L3的 2号脚连接。 所有元件均位于动力 底座内,连接端子 Pet与图 1 中三相电流互感器二次绕组的四个端子相连 接。 电阻 R— L1 , R— L2 , R— L3的阻值满足: 在正常接插状态下的位置采 样电流; 在非正常接插状态下维持三相电流互感器的二次侧回路的连通。 设置电阻之后, 选择合适的阻值,使得电阻既不会对电流检测装置与保护 模块正常接插状态下的电流采样产生影响,又能在非正常接插状态下确保 电流互感器的二次侧回路的连通,从而避免二次绕组线圈上感应出很高的 电压, 对电流检测装置及人身造成安全威胁。
图 8 揭示了二次回路连接检测装置中使用的电流互感器信号处理电 路的原理图。 该电路由电阻 Ra、 Rb、 Rc,二极管 Da1、 Da2、 Da3、 Da4、 Da5、 Da6组成。 电阻 Ra的 1号脚与二极管 Da1的 2号脚、二极管 Da2 的 1号脚、 电阻 Rb的 1号脚、 二极管 Db1的 2号脚、 二极管 Db2的 1 号脚、 电阻 Rc的 1号脚、 二极管 Del的 2号脚、 二极管 Dc2的 1号脚 连接, 2号脚与二极管 Da1的 1号脚、 二极管 Da2的 2号脚连接。 电阻 Rb的 2号脚与二极管 Db1的 1号脚、 二极管 Db2的 2号脚连接。 电阻 Rc的 2号脚与二极管 Del的 1号脚、 二极管 Dc2的 2号脚连接。 所有 元件均位于保护模块内。 当图 5中连接端子 Pfemale与连接端子 Pmale 的所有脚可靠接插时, 这样, 位于动力底座内的连接端子 Pet 上的信号 Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3、 Signal— Common , 即三相电流互感 器的信号能够可靠传送到保护模块内。 此时, Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3分别与 Signal— Common间电阻值为 R— L1 * Ra/(R_L1 + Ra)、 R— L2* Rb/(R— L2+ Rb)、 R— L3* Rc/(R— L3+ Rc), 上述电阻值均能够保证 符合电流采样设计目标, 上述 Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3信号经 过后续处理电路传送给微控制器 M , 微控制器 M能够借此完成任何种控 制与保护功能。 当图 5中的连接端子 Pfemale与连接端子 Pmale的 2~5 号脚未可靠接插时, 位于动力底座内的接插件 Pet上的信号 Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3、 Signal— Common不能够传送到保护模块内。 此 时, 若没有电阻 R— L1、 R— L2、 R_L3 , 这样, Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3与 Signal— Common之间开路, 即电流互感器的二次侧回路不 连通, 如前述会对电流互感器和人身造成安全威胁。 本实施例中, Signal— L1、 Signal— L2、 Signal— L3分别与 Signal— Common间力口入电阻 R—L1、 R—L2、 R_L3 , 这样, 三相电流互感器的二次绕组间电阻值分别 为 R— L1、 R— L2、 R_L3 , 上述电阻值均能够保证符合电流互感器和人身 安全性的设计目标,从而避免了由于电流检测装置与保护模块接插不可靠 产生的控制与保护开关电器的电流检测装置和人身的安全性的潜在危害。
本发明的低压电器的控制及保护装置能充分协调装置的接触器和断 路器的功能, 具有高的分断能力和高的机电寿命, 适用不同的控制电源电 压和多种保护种类的场合, 增加电气连接和使用的可靠性。 其中的二次回 路连接检测装置能够避免由于电流检测装置与保护模块接插不可靠产生 的开关电器的可靠性及其所属的一次回路的安全性的潜在危害。该二次回 路连接检测装置要求的元器件数量少, 结构简单, 可靠性高, 在控制与保 护开关电器内使用具有体积小、 成本低的特点。
上述实施例是提供给熟悉本领域内的人员来实现或使用本发明的, 熟 悉本领域的人员可在不脱离本发明的发明思想的情况下, 对上述实施例做 出种种修改或变化, 因而本发明的保护范围并不被上述实施例所限, 而应 该是符合权利要求书提到的创新性特征的最大范围。

Claims

1. 一种低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
底座, 底座包括基座和罩壳, 所述底座内设置:
动触头、 静触头和流经主回路电流的电流导体;
控制电磁铁和操作机构, 依据控制信号控制电磁铁和操作机构控 制动触头和静触头的分合, 并维持动触头和静触头的分合状态;
手动操作旋鈕, 提供控制动触头和静触头的分合的控制信号; 控制触点, 连接到手动操作旋鈕;
电流传感器, 检测流经主回路电流导体的电流, 生成感应信号; 控制及保护模块, 控制及保护模块能够插拔并具有互换性, 控制及保 护模块插接在底座上, 所述控制及保护模块内设置:
信号处理单元, 依据所述感应信号通过电气线路控制控制电磁铁 的状态;
脱扣跳闸装置, 响应所述信号处理单元, 以机械连接控制所述操 作机构动作。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述基座内设置:
多极触头, 多极触头包括静触头和动触头;
接触桥, 动触头设置在接触桥上;
弹簧, 接触桥连接到弹簧, 弹簧向接触桥施加弹簧力使接触桥与动触 头向静触头运动并使得动触头与静触头闭合;
触头支持件连接到接触桥, 触头支持件使静触头与动触头分开; 流经主回路的第一电流导体和第二电流导体, 静触头设置在流经主回 路的第一电流导体和第二电流导体上, 第一电流导体上设置电源端子, 第 二电流导体上设置负载端子;
灭弧室, 灭弧室布置在动触头和静触头的两侧。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述基座内还设置:
隔板, 布置在第一电流导体和第二电流导体上, 隔板将动触头、 静触 头、 接触桥、 触头支持件、 灭弧室、 第一电流导体和第二电流导体隔离在 基座内。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述罩壳连接到基座, 罩壳与基座通过隔板互相隔离, 罩壳内设置有:
电流传感器, 电流传感器固定在隔板上, 电流传感器连接到第二电源 导体形成一次回路, 电流传感器的二次回路输出感应信号传至信号处理控 制单元;
控制电磁铁, 控制电磁铁包括线圈和反力弹簧, 反力弹簧通过传动件 连接到触头支持件, 反力弹簧通过传动件向触头支持件施加弹簧力使动触 头和静触头分离;
操作机构, 操作机构经由连杆通过传动件连接到触头支持件, 操作机 构通过连杆和传动件向触头支持件施加维持力维持动触头和静触头的分 离;
控制触点, 控制触点连接到手动操作旋鈕, 控制触点的状态与手动操 作旋鈕的状态位置相关联。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述罩壳内还设置有辅助触头、 信号触头和报警触头, 辅助触头、 信号触头 和报警触头输出状态信号。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述基座上置有控制电源电压的接线端子, 接线端子的一端连接到所述控制 触点。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述手动操作旋鈕能顺时针或逆时针转动, 手动操作旋鈕通过传动机 构连接到操作机构, 手动操作旋鈕的状态位置与动触头和静触头的位置相 关; 逆时针转动手动操作旋鈕使操作机构中的脱扣部件复位;
所述手动操作旋鈕的状态位置与控制及保护模块相关, 手动操作旋鈕 的状态位置处于使动触头和静触头分离的位置时, 控制及保护模块处于能 插拔状态, 手动操作旋鈕处于使动触头和静触头的闭合的位置时, 控制及 保护模块处于锁定状态。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 手动操作旋鈕卡接在控制及保护模块中; 或者
手动操作旋鈕包括一手柄, 当手动操作旋鈕使动触头和静触头闭合时, 手动操作旋鈕的手柄卡在控制及保护模块上, 使得控制及保护模块锁定, 当手动操作旋鈕使动触头和静触头打开时, 手动操作旋鈕的与控制及保护 模块分离, 使得控制及保护模块能被插拔。
9. 如权利要求 1 所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所 述控制及保护模块内设置:
信号输入端, 信号输入端连接到电流传感器, 接收电流传感器输出的 感应信号;
信号处理单元, 连接到信号输入端, 从信号输入端接收电流传感器的 感应信号, 并输出脱扣指令;
脱扣跳闸装置, 通过机械构件连接到操作机构, 脱扣跳闸装置根据所 述脱扣指令通过机械构件致动操作机构中的脱扣部件, 进而打开动触头和 静触头。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述信号处理单元包括:
电子保护装置, 电子保护装置保护脱扣跳闸装置;
电子控制装置, 电子控制装置连接到控制电磁铁, 电子控制装置通过 连接线路连接到控制电磁铁的线圈, 转换控制电磁铁的状态。
1 1. 如权利要求 1 所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述电流传感器包括二次回路连接检测装置二次回路连接检测装置, 该二 次回路连接检测装置二次回路连接检测装置包括:
三相电流互感器, 设置在电流检测装置内部, 三相电流互感器中每一 个互感器的第二端互相连接形成公共端, 三相电流互感器中每一个电流互 感器的第一端各自独立;
第一验证端子, 设置在电流检测装置内部, 第一验证端子彼此相连; 公端子, 公端子由所述公共端、 三相电流互感器的第一端以及第一验 证端子共同形成;
接收端子, 设置在保护模块内部, 接收端子包括三相电流互感器的接 收端子和公共端的接收端子;
第二验证端子, 设置在保护模块内部, 第二验证端子彼此不相连; 母端子, 母端子由所述公共端的接收端子、 三相电流互感器的接收端 子和第二验证端子共同形成;
其中母端子与公端子匹配, 公共端的接收端子匹配公共端, 三相电流 互感器的接收端子匹配三相电流互感器的第一端, 第一验证端子匹配第二 险证端子。
12. 如权利要求 1 1 所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置, 其特征在于, 所述二次回路连接检测装置中:
第一验证端子为两个, 设置在所述公共端和三相电流互感器的第一端 的两侧;
第二验证端子为两个, 设置在所述公共端的接收端子和三相电流互感 器的接收端子的两侧。
13. 如权利要求 12 所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置二次回路连接 检测装置, 其特征在于, 所述二次回路连接检测装置中: 所述第一验证端子的长度短于所述公共端和三相电流互感器的第一端 的长度;
所述第二验证端子的长度短于所述公共端的接收端子和三相电流互感 器的接收端子的长度。
14. 如权利要求 1 1 所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置二次回路连接 检测装置, 其特征在于, 所述二次回路连接检测装置中:
对彼此不相连的第二验证端子进行导通检测, 以改变保护模块中微处 理器的 I/O端口的电平状态, 微处理器判断该 I/O端口的电平状态:
在一次回路断开的情况下, 当该电平为高时, 微处理器发出用于闭合 一次回路的信号; 当该电平为低时, 微处理器禁止发出用于闭合一次回路 的信号;
在一次回路闭合的情况下, 当该电平为高时, 微处理器维持当前状态; 当该电平为低时, 微处理器发出用于分断一次回路的信号;
通过检测电流检测装置二次回路的连接, 改变一次回路的通断状态。
15. 如权利要求 1 1 所述的低压电器的控制及保护装置二次回路连接 检测装置, 其特征在于, 所述二次回路连接检测装置中:
三相电流互感器的各二次绕组线圈之间还包括电阻, 所述电阻的阻值 满足:
在正常接插状态下的位置采样电流;
在非正常接插状态下维持三相电流互感器的二次侧回路的连通。
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