WO2013097591A1 - Protector for preventing lithium battery from being charged by overvoltage - Google Patents

Protector for preventing lithium battery from being charged by overvoltage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013097591A1
WO2013097591A1 PCT/CN2012/086246 CN2012086246W WO2013097591A1 WO 2013097591 A1 WO2013097591 A1 WO 2013097591A1 CN 2012086246 W CN2012086246 W CN 2012086246W WO 2013097591 A1 WO2013097591 A1 WO 2013097591A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lithium battery
tube
protector
fuses
circuit
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/086246
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许由生
章汉平
谢河水
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厦门赛尔特电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2013097591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013097591A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/046—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a thermocouple
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage comprising means to limit the absorbed power or indicate damaged over-voltage protection device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H01M2200/103—Fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for dc systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multifunctional protection device for charging a lithium battery, in particular to a device for protecting against overvoltage, overcharge and surge when the battery is charged.
  • Lithium battery has the advantages of small volume, high energy density, no memory effect, high cycle life, high high voltage, low self-discharge rate, etc. It is widely used in electric vehicles and electric vehicles in various advanced electronic devices.
  • Lithium battery packs for mobile electric energy working equipment such as tools are composed of multi-cell single-cell lithium battery cells through series and parallel connection. Multi-section series can increase the output voltage, and multi-section parallel connection can increase the capacity of the battery pack.
  • the 36V/10AH lithium battery pack uses 18650 batteries and has a capacity of 2000mAH. It requires 50 battery cells, 10 series connected, and then 5 groups in parallel. If you want 48V or higher capacity, the number of battery cells will increase accordingly.
  • Lithium battery packs may cause battery life to be shortened and cause damage due to overheating, overcharge/overdischarge current, overvoltage charging, excessive vibration, excessive extrusion, etc., and even fire, explosion, etc., in order to solve the lithium battery pack Safety problems, electric vehicles are equipped with battery management system BMS, monitor battery voltage, current and temperature information to ensure the safe use of the battery. Since the BMS is an active control system, it also has the possibility of failure and failure. In case the BMS system fails and the lithium battery system should also be safe, the lithium battery pack needs to be protected twice.
  • the patent relates to a novel passive protection component, which can effectively solve the problem of overheating and burning of the battery caused by abnormal high voltage charging of the lithium battery pack.
  • a protector for preventing over-voltage charging of a lithium battery using two shaft-shaped thermal fuses connected in series, and connected in series in the positive circuit of the circuit, and connecting one end of the wire-wound resistor to the connection point of the two thermal fuses, The other end is connected in series with the TVS tube, and the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative pole of the circuit.
  • the positive electrode of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the charging power source; the outer surface of the porcelain tube is provided with the wirewound resistor R, one end of the wire wound resistor R is connected with the connection point of two temperature fuses, and the other end is connected with a transient state.
  • the voltage suppressor (TVS tube) the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative pole of the lithium battery.
  • the protector is provided with a casing to integrate a transient voltage suppressor (TVS tube, two shaft-shaped temperature fuses, a hollow ceramic tube and a wire wound resistor).
  • TVS tube transient voltage suppressor
  • two shaft-shaped temperature fuses two shaft-shaped temperature fuses
  • a hollow ceramic tube and a wire wound resistor
  • the protector is filled with a fuse after the thermal fuse is mounted on the hollow ceramic tube, and then sealed with epoxy resin to be solidified.
  • the hollow ceramic tube provided by the protector is formed into 4 or more pairs of cavities arranged in pairs, and is used for accommodating a corresponding number of thermal fuses, and is divided into two groups, each group of temperature fuses are connected in parallel, and two sets of temperature fuses are connected in parallel and then connected in series. In the positive circuit of the lithium battery.
  • the protector housing has a flat shape, the left half of the housing is a single through hole for accommodating the sheet resistor, and the right half is a double through hole for mounting two thermal fuses.
  • the protector is respectively coated with a fusible agent between the inner walls of the double through holes, and the vacant portions of the sheet resistance at both ends of the two through holes and the large through holes are sealed with epoxy resin.
  • the core component of this patent is a thermal cutoff, thermal fuse, thermal Link) referred to as TCO, which uses the thermal fuse to disconnect the basic action of the circuit as a core component when it receives excessive temperature, and is connected in series in the positive circuit of the lithium battery.
  • TCO thermal cutoff, thermal fuse, thermal Link
  • the temperature fuse In order to achieve the active control function, the temperature fuse must be actively activated. Heating, so the wire is wound on the ceramic casing of the shaft-shaped temperature fuse, that is, the function of forming a wire-wound resistor, so that the wire-wound resistor can be energized to heat the temperature fuse to disconnect to cut off the circuit.
  • Transient Voltage Suppressor Suppressor is a high-performance protection device in the form of a diode.
  • TVS Transient Voltage Suppressor Suppressor
  • the two poles of a TVS diode When the two poles of a TVS diode are subjected to a reverse transient high-energy shock, it can change the high impedance between the two poles to a low impedance at a speed of the order of 10-12 nanoseconds, so that the voltage between the two poles is clamped to a predetermined value. It effectively protects precision components in electronic circuits from various surge pulses. Because of its fast response time, high transient power, low leakage current, small breakdown voltage, easy control of clamping voltage, no damage limit, small size and so on.
  • the above characteristics of the TVS tube can be utilized to set the clamp voltage of the TVS tube to the highest value of the safe charging voltage of the lithium battery, and the TVS tube is connected in series with the wire wound resistor and then connected in parallel to the charging circuit of the lithium battery.
  • the charging voltage in the charging of the lithium battery is induced.
  • the TVS tube will be turned on, and then the wire wound resistor is energized and transmitted to the base hollow ceramic of the wire wound resistor.
  • the temperature fuse inside the tube causes it to reach the fusing temperature and cut off the charging circuit, thus eliminating the occurrence of a safety accident caused by over-voltage charging.
  • the protection device of the patent structure for preventing over-voltage charging of a lithium battery will be installed in a lithium battery pack and closely attached to the battery core, and has the following functions:
  • the first main function is over-voltage charging protection: when abnormal over-voltage charging, the TVS tube is passively turned on, and the winding resistance is rapidly heated, so that the temperature fuse is quickly disconnected to cut off the power.
  • the second main function is active control: the instruction of cutting off the circuit issued by the BMS management system of the lithium battery can be accepted, and the wire wound resistor is directly energized and heated, so that the temperature fuse is quickly disconnected to cut off the power.
  • the third main function is surge protection: the surge absorption function of the TVS tube itself can take up external surge current and protect the lithium battery from surge voltage.
  • the fourth auxiliary function is temperature protection: if the temperature of the lithium battery body exceeds the rated operating temperature of the thermal fuse, the current can be quickly cut off.
  • the fifth auxiliary function is overcurrent protection: when the load is short-circuited, excessive current causes the thermal fuse TCO to passively cut off the power supply.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the present patent.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment 1 of the present patent.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the first embodiment of the present patent
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the temperature fuse resistor and the TVS tube in the specific embodiment 1 of the patent.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the internal structure of the thermal fuse resistor in the specific embodiment 1 of the present patent.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a specific embodiment 2 of the present patent.
  • Figure 7 is a partial anatomical view of the structure of the second embodiment of the present patent.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic exploded view of a part of the second embodiment of the present patent.
  • FIG. 1 is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of the entire protection device.
  • the entire product is composed of a cover plate 301, a casing 302, and a main body structure 303.
  • the main structure 303 is decomposed in FIG. 4 into a thermal fuse and a wire wound resistor integrated structure 401, and a lead molded body 402 of a TVS tube.
  • the thermal fuse and wirewound resistor integrated structure 401 is constructed as follows: in Fig. 5, it is a cylindrical ceramic body with two parallel through holes in the middle for accommodating two temperature fuses, at the left and right ends of the porcelain tube 503 The surface is tightly fitted with two metal end sleeves 502a, 502b, and the metal end sleeve 50a is hollowed out with respect to the plane of the end surface of the porcelain tube, and then the wire resistance 404 is connected to the two metal end sleeves 502a, 502b, and the wire resistance 404 is wound. Wound on the outer surface of the ceramic tube 503, thus forming a ceramic tube substrate with a resistance wire, that is, the body of the wirewound resistor 404.
  • a thermal fuse is mounted on the porcelain tube 503, and low-melting alloy wires 505a, 505b are welded to the leads 509a, 509b and the leads 403a, 403b with the insulating jacket, respectively, and filled around the alloy wires 505a, 505b.
  • the fuses 504a, 504b are formed into one body, they are placed in two cavities of the ceramic tube 503, and then sealed with an epoxy resin 501 to be cured, so that it can be fabricated with two thermal fuses.
  • the fluxing aids 504a, 504b are also liquid at this time because the temperature exceeds the softening point thereof, the liquid alloy wire and the liquid state
  • the interfacial tension at the liquid-liquid interface formed by the fluxing agent causes the liquid alloy wire to be disconnected from the center and contracted toward both ends, thereby forming a function of cutting off the circuit.
  • the ceramic tube 503 can also be made into 4 or more pairs of cavities arranged in pairs to accommodate a corresponding number of thermal fuses, which are divided into two groups, each group of thermal fuses connected in parallel, two in parallel The set of temperature fuses is then connected in series to the positive circuit of the lithium battery.
  • the metal cap 507 When the above temperature fuse is formed, the metal cap 507 is tightly fitted to the right metal end sleeve 502b, and the metal cap 507 has two through holes with flanges to allow the two pins 509a and 509b of the thermal fuse.
  • the three parts are closely connected, thereby forming a connection point between the two thermal fuses shown in FIG. One end of the resistor.
  • the TVS tube pins 406 and 407 are first bent into a U shape, and then a wire 408 is soldered on the 407 pin side, thus forming a wire forming body 402 of the TVS tube.
  • the other end of the wire 408 is then soldered to the metal end sleeve 502b to form a series connection of the TVS tube and the wirewound resistor 404, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery is connected through the pin 406 of the TVS tube.
  • TVS The other pin 407 will be connected to the BMS management system of the lithium battery to accept the actively commanded instructions.
  • the main structure 303 is placed in the outer casing 302 so that the two leads 403a, 403b of the thermal fuse and the two pins 406, 407 of the TVS tube respectively protrude from the ends of the outer casing 302 to form four connecting ends, and the cover plate 301 is formed. Covering the outer casing 302 and filling the empty space of the inner cavity with a curable insulating filler, thus forming the entire patented product.
  • the TVS tube can be externally placed on the circuit board in order to adapt to the space requirement of the lithium battery for notebooks, in the structure of the second embodiment.
  • the two temperature fuses are connected in series and connected to the positive circuit of the lithium battery, and are drawn from the intermediate connection point of the two thermal fuses to a section of the resistor, and the other end of the resistor is externally led out to connect the BMS (battery management system).
  • the electronic switch K when the BMS system monitors that the lithium battery is in a dangerous state, the electronic switch K is turned on, and both ends of the resistor are connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery to electrically generate heat, thereby cutting off the two thermal fuses. In order to stop the lithium battery to continue the dangerous discharge and discharge work, to prevent the occurrence of ignition and explosion of the lithium battery.
  • the outer casing 701 has a flat shape, and the left half 701A of the outer casing is a large single through hole for accommodating the sheet type resistor 704, and the right half portion is a double through hole 701B, 701C for mounting two temperature fuses. The left and right through holes are connected.
  • the two ends of the U-shaped lead 703 are connected with two temperature fuses of the alloy wires 702a, 702b, and the other ends of the alloy wires 702a, 702b are respectively connected with the leads 705a, 705b, thus forming two
  • the conductive portion of the thermal fuse connected in series is in a parallel state; the middle portion of the same lead 703 of the U-shaped two thermal fuses is connected to one end of the sheet resistor 704, and the other end of the sheet resistor 704 is connected to the lead 706 and is externally led out.
  • Electronic switch for connecting to the BMS system is connected with two temperature fuses of the alloy wires 702a, 702b, and the other ends of the alloy wires 702a, 702b are respectively connected with the leads 705a, 705b, thus forming two
  • the conductive portion of the thermal fuse connected in series is in a parallel state; the middle portion of the same lead 703 of the U-shaped two thermal fuses is connected to one end of the sheet resistor 70
  • a connected structure in which the conductive portions of the two thermal fuses and the sheet resistance are connected in series will be inserted into the outer casing 701 to form the structure of Fig. 8, on the surface of the alloy wires 702a, 702b and the two small through holes in the outer casing 701.
  • a fluxing agent 802a, 802b for causing the alloy wire to melt and break from the middle when the temperature is excessively high, and epoxy is used at both ends of the two through holes 701B, 701C.
  • the resin is sealed to form two complete alloy-type thermal fuses.
  • the vacant portion of the sheet resistance in the large through hole 701A in the 701 casing is filled with an epoxy resin or an inorganic filler, so that a sheet type lithium battery charging protector is fabricated.
  • the utility model integrates the temperature fuse, the wirewound resistor and the TVS tube, and is installed in the lithium battery pack, and is closely attached to the battery core.
  • the TVS tube When the abnormal overvoltage is charged, the TVS tube is passively turned on, and the winding resistance is rapidly heated, so that The thermal fuse is quickly disconnected to cut off the power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

A protector for preventing a lithium battery from being charged by an overvoltage adopts two shaft-like temperature fuses in series, the temperature fuses being connected in series in a positive electrode loop of a circuit; one end of a wire-wound resister is connected to a joint of the two temperature fuses, and the other end is in series with a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) tube; the other end of the TVS tube is connected to a negative electrode of the circuit. A hollow ceramic tube having two through holes is disposed on the protector; the shaft-like temperature fuses are respectively mounted in the two through holes, and the two temperature fuses are connected at an end of the ceramic tube, forming a series circuit that connects the positive electrode of the lithium battery and a positive electrode of a charging power supply. The wire-wound resister R is disposed on an outer surface of the ceramic tube; one end of the ceramic tube is connected to the joint of the two temperature fuses, and the other end is connected to a TVS tube; the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative electrode of the circuit. According to the present invention, when exceptional overvoltage charging occurs, the TVS tube is turned on, and the wire-wound resistor is heated rapidly, so that the temperature fuses are disconnected rapidly, thereby cutting off the power. The protector can accept an instruction of cutting off the circuit sent by a BMS management system of the lithium battery, so that the wire-wound resistor is directly turned on and heated, and the temperature fuses are disconnected rapidly, thereby cutting off the power.

Description

一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器  Protector for preventing overvoltage charging of lithium battery 技术领域  Technical field
本发明涉及一种对锂电池充电过程的多功能保护器件，尤其是在电池充电时对过电压、过充、浪涌保护的器件。  The invention relates to a multifunctional protection device for charging a lithium battery, in particular to a device for protecting against overvoltage, overcharge and surge when the battery is charged.
背景技术Background technique
锂电池具有体积小、能量密度高、无记忆效应、循环寿命高、高节电压高、自放电率低等优点，被越来越广泛地应用于各类最先进的电子装置中电动车、电动工具等移动式电能工作设备的锂电池组由多节单体的锂电池电芯通过串并联组成，多节串联可以提高输出电压，多节并联可以提高电池组的容量。如36V/10AH的锂电池组，采用18650电芯，容量为2000mAH，需要采用50只电池单体，10只串联，再并联5组。如果要48V电压或更高的容量，则电池单体数量也要相应的增加。Lithium battery has the advantages of small volume, high energy density, no memory effect, high cycle life, high high voltage, low self-discharge rate, etc. It is widely used in electric vehicles and electric vehicles in various advanced electronic devices. Lithium battery packs for mobile electric energy working equipment such as tools are composed of multi-cell single-cell lithium battery cells through series and parallel connection. Multi-section series can increase the output voltage, and multi-section parallel connection can increase the capacity of the battery pack. For example, the 36V/10AH lithium battery pack uses 18650 batteries and has a capacity of 2000mAH. It requires 50 battery cells, 10 series connected, and then 5 groups in parallel. If you want 48V or higher capacity, the number of battery cells will increase accordingly.
锂电池组在过热、过充/过放电流、过电压充电、过度振动、过度挤压等滥用条件下可能导致电池寿命缩短以致损坏，甚至会发生着火、爆炸等事件，为了解决锂电池组的安全难题，电动车都装有电池管理系统BMS，监控电池电压，电流和温度等信息，确保电池的安全使用。由于BMS属于主动控制系统，其本身也有故障和失效的可能，万一BMS系统失效，锂电池系统也应该保证安全，则就需要对锂电池组进行二次保护。Lithium battery packs may cause battery life to be shortened and cause damage due to overheating, overcharge/overdischarge current, overvoltage charging, excessive vibration, excessive extrusion, etc., and even fire, explosion, etc., in order to solve the lithium battery pack Safety problems, electric vehicles are equipped with battery management system BMS, monitor battery voltage, current and temperature information to ensure the safe use of the battery. Since the BMS is an active control system, it also has the possibility of failure and failure. In case the BMS system fails and the lithium battery system should also be safe, the lithium battery pack needs to be protected twice.
由于使用者对锂电池的知识并不了解，在充电时常有异常现象，如拿错充电器、或者充电器的质量出现问题，导致充电电压异常，如电压过高时仍强行充电的话，就会形成过电压充电，导致火灾产生。 Because the user does not know the knowledge of the lithium battery, there are often abnormal phenomena during charging, such as taking the wrong charger or the quality of the charger, causing the charging voltage to be abnormal. If the voltage is too high, it will be forced to charge. Overvoltage charging is formed, resulting in a fire.
于是，就需要在锂电池组内部置入一个可以防止过电压充电的保护器件，对锂电池组起着二次保护的作用。Therefore, it is necessary to put a protection device for preventing overvoltage charging inside the lithium battery pack, which plays a secondary protection role for the lithium battery pack.
本专利涉及一种新型的被动保护元件，能有效的解决锂电池组异常高电压充电导致电池的过热燃烧危险。The patent relates to a novel passive protection component, which can effectively solve the problem of overheating and burning of the battery caused by abnormal high voltage charging of the lithium battery pack.
发明内容Summary of the invention
一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，采用二只串联着的轴状温度保险丝，且串联于电路的正极回路中，而将线绕电阻的一端连接着两只温度保险丝的联接点，另一端与TVS管串联、由TVS管的另一端连接着电路的负极。A protector for preventing over-voltage charging of a lithium battery, using two shaft-shaped thermal fuses connected in series, and connected in series in the positive circuit of the circuit, and connecting one end of the wire-wound resistor to the connection point of the two thermal fuses, The other end is connected in series with the TVS tube, and the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative pole of the circuit.
设置了一具有两个通孔的空心瓷管、两个通孔中各安装一只所述的轴状温度保险丝、且两只温度保险丝在瓷管一端之外连接在一起形成串联电路后将锂电池正极与充电电源的正极连接起来；所述瓷管的外表面设置所述的线绕电阻R，线绕电阻R的一端与两只温度保险丝的连接点相连、另一端连接着一只瞬态电压抑制器（TVS管），TVS管的另一端则连接着锂电池的负极。 Providing a hollow ceramic tube having two through holes, one of the two through holes is mounted with each of the shaft-shaped temperature fuses, and two temperature fuses are connected together at one end of the porcelain tube to form a series circuit The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the charging power source; the outer surface of the porcelain tube is provided with the wirewound resistor R, one end of the wire wound resistor R is connected with the connection point of two temperature fuses, and the other end is connected with a transient state. The voltage suppressor (TVS tube), the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative pole of the lithium battery.
所述保护器，设置一外壳将瞬态电压抑制器（TVS管、两只轴状温度保险丝、空心瓷管和线绕电阻集成为一体。 The protector is provided with a casing to integrate a transient voltage suppressor (TVS tube, two shaft-shaped temperature fuses, a hollow ceramic tube and a wire wound resistor).
所述保护器，在空心瓷管上装配温度保险丝后，填充了助熔断剂，然后用环氧树脂封口后固化。The protector is filled with a fuse after the thermal fuse is mounted on the hollow ceramic tube, and then sealed with epoxy resin to be solidified.
所述保护器设置的空心瓷管制成4或4以上成对设置的空腔，用于容纳相应数量的温度保险丝，并均分成两组，每组温度保险丝并联，并联后两组温度保险丝再串联于锂电池的正极电路中。The hollow ceramic tube provided by the protector is formed into 4 or more pairs of cavities arranged in pairs, and is used for accommodating a corresponding number of thermal fuses, and is divided into two groups, each group of temperature fuses are connected in parallel, and two sets of temperature fuses are connected in parallel and then connected in series. In the positive circuit of the lithium battery.
所述保护器外壳是一个扁平的形状，外壳的左半部分是单通孔，用于容纳薄片式电阻，右半部分是双通孔，用于安装两只温度保险丝。The protector housing has a flat shape, the left half of the housing is a single through hole for accommodating the sheet resistor, and the right half is a double through hole for mounting two thermal fuses.
所述保护器，在双通孔的内壁之间分别涂上助熔断剂，在两个通孔的两端及大通孔中的薄片电阻的空余部分用环氧树脂密封。 The protector is respectively coated with a fusible agent between the inner walls of the double through holes, and the vacant portions of the sheet resistance at both ends of the two through holes and the large through holes are sealed with epoxy resin.
本专利的核心部件为轴状温度保险丝（thermal cutoff、thermal fuse、thermal link）简称TCO，利用温度保险丝在接受到过高温度时断开以切断电路的基本动作来作为核心部件，且串联在锂电池的正极回路中，为了达到主动控制功能，需对温度保险丝进行主动加热，因此在轴状温度保险丝的陶瓷外壳上缠绕上电阻丝，即形成线绕电阻的功能，这样只要对线绕电阻通电即可加热温度保险丝至断开，以切断电路。The core component of this patent is a thermal cutoff, thermal fuse, thermal Link) referred to as TCO, which uses the thermal fuse to disconnect the basic action of the circuit as a core component when it receives excessive temperature, and is connected in series in the positive circuit of the lithium battery. In order to achieve the active control function, the temperature fuse must be actively activated. Heating, so the wire is wound on the ceramic casing of the shaft-shaped temperature fuse, that is, the function of forming a wire-wound resistor, so that the wire-wound resistor can be energized to heat the temperature fuse to disconnect to cut off the circuit.
瞬态电压抑制器（Transient Voltage Suppressor）简称TVS，是一种二极管形式的高效能保护器件。当TVS二极管的两极受到反向瞬态高能量冲击时，它能以10-12纳秒量级的速度，将其两极间的高阻抗变为低阻抗，使两极间的电压箝位于一个预定值，有效地保护电子线路中的精密元器件，免受各种浪涌脉冲的损坏。由于它具有响应时间快、瞬态功率大、漏电流低、击穿电压偏差小、箝位电压较易控制、无损坏极限、体积小等优点。于是，可以利用TVS管的以上特性，将TVS管的嵌位电压设定为锂电池的安全充电电压的最高值，并将TVS管与所述线绕电阻串联然后一起并联在锂电池的充电回路中，TVS管感应锂电池充电中的充电电压、当充电电压超过TVS管的嵌位电压，TVS管将导通，于是所述线绕电阻通电发热并传递给所述线绕电阻的基体空心瓷管内的温度保险丝，使其达到熔断温度并切断充电电路，杜绝了过电压充电导致的安全事故的发生。Transient Voltage Suppressor Suppressor, referred to as TVS, is a high-performance protection device in the form of a diode. When the two poles of a TVS diode are subjected to a reverse transient high-energy shock, it can change the high impedance between the two poles to a low impedance at a speed of the order of 10-12 nanoseconds, so that the voltage between the two poles is clamped to a predetermined value. It effectively protects precision components in electronic circuits from various surge pulses. Because of its fast response time, high transient power, low leakage current, small breakdown voltage, easy control of clamping voltage, no damage limit, small size and so on. Therefore, the above characteristics of the TVS tube can be utilized to set the clamp voltage of the TVS tube to the highest value of the safe charging voltage of the lithium battery, and the TVS tube is connected in series with the wire wound resistor and then connected in parallel to the charging circuit of the lithium battery. In the TVS tube, the charging voltage in the charging of the lithium battery is induced. When the charging voltage exceeds the clamping voltage of the TVS tube, the TVS tube will be turned on, and then the wire wound resistor is energized and transmitted to the base hollow ceramic of the wire wound resistor. The temperature fuse inside the tube causes it to reach the fusing temperature and cut off the charging circuit, thus eliminating the occurrence of a safety accident caused by over-voltage charging.
为了使用安装方便，可将以上温度保险丝、线绕电阻、TVS管集成一体，形成了本专利的结构。本专利结构的防止锂电池过电压充电的保护器件，将被安装于锂电池组内,与电池芯紧贴，有着以下多方面的功能：In order to facilitate the installation, the above temperature fuse, wirewound resistor and TVS tube can be integrated to form the structure of this patent. The protection device of the patent structure for preventing over-voltage charging of a lithium battery will be installed in a lithium battery pack and closely attached to the battery core, and has the following functions:
第一主要功能为过电压充电保护：异常过电压充电时，TVS管被动开启导通，绕线电阻迅速加热，使温度保险丝快速断开从而切断电源。The first main function is over-voltage charging protection: when abnormal over-voltage charging, the TVS tube is passively turned on, and the winding resistance is rapidly heated, so that the temperature fuse is quickly disconnected to cut off the power.
第二主要功能为主动控制：可接受锂电池的BMS管理系统发出的切断电路的指令，让线绕电阻直接通电发热，使温度保险丝快速断开从而切断电源。The second main function is active control: the instruction of cutting off the circuit issued by the BMS management system of the lithium battery can be accepted, and the wire wound resistor is directly energized and heated, so that the temperature fuse is quickly disconnected to cut off the power.
第三主要功能为浪涌保护：TVS管的自身具备的浪涌吸收功能，可承担起外来浪涌电流，使锂电池免受浪涌电压侵害。The third main function is surge protection: the surge absorption function of the TVS tube itself can take up external surge current and protect the lithium battery from surge voltage.
第四辅助功能为温度保护：如锂电池本体温度超过温度保险丝的额定动作温度时，能快速切断电流。The fourth auxiliary function is temperature protection: if the temperature of the lithium battery body exceeds the rated operating temperature of the thermal fuse, the current can be quickly cut off.
第五辅助功能为过流保护：负载短路时，过大电流使温度保险丝TCO被动快速切断电源。The fifth auxiliary function is overcurrent protection: when the load is short-circuited, excessive current causes the thermal fuse TCO to passively cut off the power supply.
附图说明DRAWINGS
附图1 是本专利具体实施例1的电路示意图1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the present patent.
附图2 是本专利具体实施例1的结构示意图2 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment 1 of the present patent.
附图3 是本专利具体实施例1的结构分解示意图Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the first embodiment of the present patent
附图4是本专利具体实施例1中的温度保险丝电阻与TVS管连接结构示意图4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the temperature fuse resistor and the TVS tube in the specific embodiment 1 of the patent.
附图5是本专利具体实施例1中的温度保险丝电阻的内部结构分解示意图FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the internal structure of the thermal fuse resistor in the specific embodiment 1 of the present patent.
附图6是本专利具体实施例2的电路示意图6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a specific embodiment 2 of the present patent.
附图7是本专利具体实施例2的结构局部解剖示意图Figure 7 is a partial anatomical view of the structure of the second embodiment of the present patent.
附图8 是本专利具体实施例2的部件分解示意图8 is a schematic exploded view of a part of the second embodiment of the present patent.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例1Example 1
以下结合附图１至5对本发明专利的具体实施方式1进行进一步的叙述，其中，所陈述的是为了说明本发明专利的优选具体实施方式目的，而不是为了限制上述的目的。 The specific embodiment 1 of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.
从图1的电路图可得知，本专利中采用来 2只串联着的轴状温度保险丝，且串联于电路的正极回路中，而将线绕电阻的一端连接着两只温度保险丝的联接点，另一端与TVS管串联、由TVS管的另一端连接着电路的负极。这样就形成了本专利的工作电路原理；当外来充电电压超过TVS管的导通电压时，TVS管导通，充电电压将使线绕电阻发热，并快速传递给温度保险丝使之断开充电电路；其中靠近充电端的TCO的断开可将充电电压完全脱离，而靠锂电池端的TCO的断开可以将线绕电阻从电池电压中脱离，停止继续在电池的储能基础上继续发热。 It can be seen from the circuit diagram of Figure 1, which is used in this patent. 2 series of shaft-shaped thermal fuses connected in series with the positive circuit of the circuit, and one end of the wire-wound resistor is connected to the junction of two thermal fuses, and the other end is connected in series with the TVS tube and connected by the other end of the TVS tube. The negative pole of the circuit. Thus, the working circuit principle of the patent is formed; when the external charging voltage exceeds the conduction voltage of the TVS tube, the TVS tube is turned on, the charging voltage will cause the wire wound resistance to heat up, and is quickly transmitted to the temperature fuse to disconnect the charging circuit. The disconnection of the TCO close to the charging end can completely remove the charging voltage, and the disconnection of the TCO by the lithium battery terminal can detach the wire wound resistance from the battery voltage, and stop continuing to generate heat on the basis of the energy storage of the battery.
图2为整个保护器件的结构，从图3可以看出整个产品由盖板301、外壳302及主体结构303组成。主体结构303在图4中得以分解为温度保险丝和线绕电阻一体化结构401、TVS管的引线成型体402。2 is a view showing the structure of the entire protection device. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the entire product is composed of a cover plate 301, a casing 302, and a main body structure 303. The main structure 303 is decomposed in FIG. 4 into a thermal fuse and a wire wound resistor integrated structure 401, and a lead molded body 402 of a TVS tube.
温度保险丝和线绕电阻一体化结构401是这样构成的：在图5中，是个圆柱形陶瓷体，中间有两个平行的通孔，用于容纳两只温度保险丝，在瓷管503左右两头外表面各紧配上两个金属端套502a、502b，金属端套50a的相对于瓷管端面平面是镂空的，然后在两个金属端套502a、502b连接上绕线电阻404，绕线电阻404缠绕在陶瓷管503的外表面上，这样形成一个带电阻丝的瓷管基体，也就是线绕电阻404的主体。然后在瓷管503上装配温度保险丝，在引脚509a、509b分别与带有绝缘外套的引脚403a、403b中焊接了低熔点的合金丝505a、505b，在合金丝505a、505b的周围，填充了助熔断剂504a、504b，三者形成一个整体后，置放于陶瓷管503的两个空腔内，然后用环氧树脂501封口后固化，这样就可以制作成带有两只温度保险丝的连体结构,当合金丝505a、505b感受到较大的热量升温到其自身熔点而形成液态、助熔断剂504a、504b此时也因温度超过其软化点而成为液态，液态的合金丝与液态的助熔断剂所形成的液液界面的界面张力将促使液态的合金丝从中间断开并向两端收缩，从而形成切断电路的功能。The thermal fuse and wirewound resistor integrated structure 401 is constructed as follows: in Fig. 5, it is a cylindrical ceramic body with two parallel through holes in the middle for accommodating two temperature fuses, at the left and right ends of the porcelain tube 503 The surface is tightly fitted with two metal end sleeves 502a, 502b, and the metal end sleeve 50a is hollowed out with respect to the plane of the end surface of the porcelain tube, and then the wire resistance 404 is connected to the two metal end sleeves 502a, 502b, and the wire resistance 404 is wound. Wound on the outer surface of the ceramic tube 503, thus forming a ceramic tube substrate with a resistance wire, that is, the body of the wirewound resistor 404. Then, a thermal fuse is mounted on the porcelain tube 503, and low-melting alloy wires 505a, 505b are welded to the leads 509a, 509b and the leads 403a, 403b with the insulating jacket, respectively, and filled around the alloy wires 505a, 505b. After the fuses 504a, 504b are formed into one body, they are placed in two cavities of the ceramic tube 503, and then sealed with an epoxy resin 501 to be cured, so that it can be fabricated with two thermal fuses. In the joint structure, when the alloy wires 505a, 505b sense a large amount of heat to rise to their own melting point to form a liquid, the fluxing aids 504a, 504b are also liquid at this time because the temperature exceeds the softening point thereof, the liquid alloy wire and the liquid state The interfacial tension at the liquid-liquid interface formed by the fluxing agent causes the liquid alloy wire to be disconnected from the center and contracted toward both ends, thereby forming a function of cutting off the circuit.
为了适应高额定电流的应用需求，陶瓷管503还可以制成4或4以上成对设置的空腔，用于容纳相应数量的温度保险丝，均分成两组，每组温度保险丝并联，并联后两组温度保险丝再串联于锂电池的正极电路中。In order to meet the application requirements of high rated current, the ceramic tube 503 can also be made into 4 or more pairs of cavities arranged in pairs to accommodate a corresponding number of thermal fuses, which are divided into two groups, each group of thermal fuses connected in parallel, two in parallel The set of temperature fuses is then connected in series to the positive circuit of the lithium battery.
当上述的温度保险丝成型后将金属帽507紧配在右边的金属端套502b上，金属帽507上留有两个带有翻边的通孔，以让温度保险丝的两根引脚509a、509b穿过、采用将翻边的金属部分旋铆这两引脚509a、509b的工艺使三部分紧密相连，从而形成了图1中所示的两只温度保险丝之间的连接点上连接着线绕电阻的一端。如图4，首先将TVS管引脚406跟407折弯成U形，然后在407引脚一侧焊接上一条导线408，这样就形成了一个TVS管的引线成型体402。然后将导线408的另一端焊接到金属端套502b上，形成了TVS管与线绕电阻404的串联，并通过TVS管的引脚406连接着锂电池的负极。TVS 的另一根引脚407将与锂电池的BMS管理系统相连，以接受主动控的指令。如图3，将主体结构303放置于外壳302中让温度保险丝的两引线403a、403b和TVS管的两引脚406、407分别伸出外壳302两端，形成4个连接端，将盖板301盖在外壳302之上，并用可固化的绝缘填充料填满内腔空余空间，这样就形成了整本专利产品。When the above temperature fuse is formed, the metal cap 507 is tightly fitted to the right metal end sleeve 502b, and the metal cap 507 has two through holes with flanges to allow the two pins 509a and 509b of the thermal fuse. Through the process of riveting the metal parts of the flange to the two pins 509a, 509b, the three parts are closely connected, thereby forming a connection point between the two thermal fuses shown in FIG. One end of the resistor. As shown in Fig. 4, the TVS tube pins 406 and 407 are first bent into a U shape, and then a wire 408 is soldered on the 407 pin side, thus forming a wire forming body 402 of the TVS tube. The other end of the wire 408 is then soldered to the metal end sleeve 502b to form a series connection of the TVS tube and the wirewound resistor 404, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery is connected through the pin 406 of the TVS tube. TVS The other pin 407 will be connected to the BMS management system of the lithium battery to accept the actively commanded instructions. As shown in FIG. 3, the main structure 303 is placed in the outer casing 302 so that the two leads 403a, 403b of the thermal fuse and the two pins 406, 407 of the TVS tube respectively protrude from the ends of the outer casing 302 to form four connecting ends, and the cover plate 301 is formed. Covering the outer casing 302 and filling the empty space of the inner cavity with a curable insulating filler, thus forming the entire patented product.
实施例2Example 2
针对具体实施例1的结构，为了满足小体积化、扁平化的需求，以适应于笔记本用锂电池的空间需求，可将TVS管外置于线路板上，在本具体实施方式2的结构中，如图6 所示，将两只温度保险丝串联后连接在锂电池的正极回路中，从两只温度保险丝的中间连接点引出到电阻的一段，而电阻的另一端折对外引出，以连接BMS（电池管理系统）中的电子开关K；当BMS系统监视到锂电池处于危险状态时，即将电子开关K接通，电阻的两端即连接着电池的正负极而电致发热，从而切断两只温度保险丝，以停止锂电池继续危险性的冲放电工作，防止锂电池的着火及爆炸现象的出现。 For the structure of the specific embodiment 1, in order to meet the demand for small volume and flatness, the TVS tube can be externally placed on the circuit board in order to adapt to the space requirement of the lithium battery for notebooks, in the structure of the second embodiment. As shown in Figure 6. As shown, the two temperature fuses are connected in series and connected to the positive circuit of the lithium battery, and are drawn from the intermediate connection point of the two thermal fuses to a section of the resistor, and the other end of the resistor is externally led out to connect the BMS (battery management system). In the electronic switch K; when the BMS system monitors that the lithium battery is in a dangerous state, the electronic switch K is turned on, and both ends of the resistor are connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery to electrically generate heat, thereby cutting off the two thermal fuses. In order to stop the lithium battery to continue the dangerous discharge and discharge work, to prevent the occurrence of ignition and explosion of the lithium battery.
从图7、图8可以看出体积上的扁平化、小型化的特点。外壳701是一个扁平的形状，外壳的左半部分701A是个较大的单通孔，用于容纳薄片式电阻704，右半部分是个双通孔701B、701C，用于安装两只温度保险丝。左右通孔是相通的。The characteristics of flattening and miniaturization in volume can be seen from Fig. 7 and Fig. 8. The outer casing 701 has a flat shape, and the left half 701A of the outer casing is a large single through hole for accommodating the sheet type resistor 704, and the right half portion is a double through hole 701B, 701C for mounting two temperature fuses. The left and right through holes are connected.
如图7所示，呈U型的引线703的两端连接着两只温度保险丝的合金丝702a、702b，而合金丝702a、702b的另一端分别连接着引线705a、705b，这样形成了两只串联着的温度保险丝的导电部分，呈平行状态；呈U型的两温度保险丝的同一引线703的中间部位连接着薄片电阻704的一端，薄片电阻704的另一端又连接着引线706且对外引出，用于连接BMS系统的电子开关。由两只温度保险丝的导电部分和薄片电阻串联的连体结构，将被穿进外壳701中，形成了图8的结构，在合金丝702a、702b的表面与外壳701中的两个小通孔701B、701C的内壁之间分别涂上助熔断剂802a、802b，用于促使合金丝在感受到过高温度时融化而从中间断开，在两个通孔701B、701C的两端用环氧树脂密封，形成了两只完整的合金型温度保险丝。同时，用环氧树脂或者无机填充料将701外壳中大通孔701A中的薄片电阻的空余部分填补上，这样一只薄片式锂电池充电保护器就制成了。As shown in FIG. 7, the two ends of the U-shaped lead 703 are connected with two temperature fuses of the alloy wires 702a, 702b, and the other ends of the alloy wires 702a, 702b are respectively connected with the leads 705a, 705b, thus forming two The conductive portion of the thermal fuse connected in series is in a parallel state; the middle portion of the same lead 703 of the U-shaped two thermal fuses is connected to one end of the sheet resistor 704, and the other end of the sheet resistor 704 is connected to the lead 706 and is externally led out. Electronic switch for connecting to the BMS system. A connected structure in which the conductive portions of the two thermal fuses and the sheet resistance are connected in series will be inserted into the outer casing 701 to form the structure of Fig. 8, on the surface of the alloy wires 702a, 702b and the two small through holes in the outer casing 701. Between the inner walls of 701B and 701C are respectively coated with a fluxing agent 802a, 802b for causing the alloy wire to melt and break from the middle when the temperature is excessively high, and epoxy is used at both ends of the two through holes 701B, 701C. The resin is sealed to form two complete alloy-type thermal fuses. At the same time, the vacant portion of the sheet resistance in the large through hole 701A in the 701 casing is filled with an epoxy resin or an inorganic filler, so that a sheet type lithium battery charging protector is fabricated.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围，即依本发明专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰，皆应仍属本发明涵盖的范围内。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the invention and the contents of the specification should still be covered by the present invention. Within the scope.
工业实用性Industrial applicability
本申请将温度保险丝、线绕电阻、TVS管集成一体，将被安装于锂电池组内,与电池芯紧贴，异常过电压充电时，TVS管被动开启导通，绕线电阻迅速加热，使温度保险丝快速断开从而切断电源。The utility model integrates the temperature fuse, the wirewound resistor and the TVS tube, and is installed in the lithium battery pack, and is closely attached to the battery core. When the abnormal overvoltage is charged, the TVS tube is passively turned on, and the winding resistance is rapidly heated, so that The thermal fuse is quickly disconnected to cut off the power.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，包括二只轴状温度保险丝、一线绕电阻、一TVS管，二只轴状温度保险丝串联于电路的正极回路中，线绕电阻的一端连接着两只温度保险丝的联接点，另一端与TVS管串联、由TVS管的另一端连接着电路的负极。 A protector for preventing over-voltage charging of a lithium battery, comprising two shaft-shaped temperature fuses, a wire wound resistor, a TVS tube, and two shaft-shaped temperature fuses are connected in series in the positive circuit of the circuit, and one end of the wire-wound resistor is connected The junction point of the two thermal fuses, the other end is connected in series with the TVS tube, and the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative pole of the circuit.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，其特征在于还设置一具有两个通孔的空心瓷管，两个通孔中各安装一只所述的轴状温度保险丝、两只温度保险丝在瓷管一端连接在一起形成串联电路后将锂电池正极与充电电源的正极连接；所述瓷管的外表面设置所述的线绕电阻R，线绕电阻R的一端与两只温度保险丝的连接点相连，另一端连接一只瞬态电压抑制器（TVS管），TVS管的另一端连接着锂电池的负极。A protector for preventing charging of a lithium battery by an overvoltage according to claim 1, wherein a hollow ceramic tube having two through holes is further provided, and each of said two through holes is mounted in said shaft shape The temperature fuse and the two temperature fuses are connected together at one end of the porcelain tube to form a series circuit, and then the positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the positive electrode of the charging power source; the outer surface of the porcelain tube is provided with the wire wound resistor R, and the wire wound resistor R is One end is connected to the connection point of two thermal fuses, the other end is connected to a transient voltage suppressor (TVS tube), and the other end of the TVS tube is connected to the negative pole of the lithium battery.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，其特征在于一外壳将瞬态电压抑制器（TVS管、两只轴状温度保险丝、空心瓷管和线绕电阻集成为一体。A protector for preventing charging of a lithium battery by an overvoltage according to claim 2, wherein a casing is provided with a transient voltage suppressor (TVS tube, two shaft-shaped temperature fuses, a hollow ceramic tube, and a wire wound resistor set). Be one.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，其特征在于在于在空心瓷管内装配温度保险丝后，填充助熔断剂，用环氧树脂封口后固化。A protector for preventing charging of a lithium battery by overvoltage according to claim 2, characterized in that after the thermal fuse is assembled in the hollow ceramic tube, the fluxing aid is filled, and the epoxy resin is sealed and cured.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，其特征在于设置一空心瓷管，所述的陶瓷管制成四或四个以上成对设置的空腔，用于容纳相应数量的温度保险丝，并均分成两组，每组温度保险丝并联，并联后两组温度保险丝再串联于锂电池的正极电路中。A protector for preventing charging of a lithium battery by an overvoltage according to claim 1, wherein a hollow ceramic tube is provided, and the ceramic tube is formed into four or more pairs of cavities arranged to accommodate The corresponding number of thermal fuses are divided into two groups. Each group of temperature fuses is connected in parallel. After parallel connection, the two sets of temperature fuses are connected in series to the positive circuit of the lithium battery.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，其特征在于外壳是一扁平的形状，外壳的左半部分是单通孔，用于容纳薄片式电阻，右半部分是个双通孔，用于安装两只温度保险丝。A protector for preventing charging of a lithium battery by an overvoltage according to claim 1, wherein the outer casing has a flat shape, and the left half of the outer casing is a single through hole for accommodating the sheet resistor, the right half It is a double through hole for mounting two thermal fuses.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种防止过电压对锂电池充电的保护器，其特征在于在双通孔的内壁涂上助熔断剂，在两个通孔的两端及大通孔中的薄片电阻的空余部分用环氧树脂密封。 A protector for preventing charging of a lithium battery by an overvoltage according to claim 6, wherein the inner wall of the double through hole is coated with a fluxing agent, and the sheet resistance in both ends of the two through holes and the large through hole The vacant portion is sealed with epoxy resin.
PCT/CN2012/086246 2011-12-28 2012-12-10 Protector for preventing lithium battery from being charged by overvoltage WO2013097591A1 (en)

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