WO2013097577A1

WO2013097577A1 - Mining multi-shaft self-dumping truck

Info

Publication number: WO2013097577A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/085505
Authority: WO
Inventors: 曹敬武; 徐代友; 王荣南; 唐先兵; 崔敏亮; 杨凯
Original assignee: 航天重型工程装备有限公司
Priority date: 2011-12-27
Filing date: 2012-11-29
Publication date: 2013-07-04

Abstract

Disclosed is a mining self-dumping truck. The truck is mainly applied to the mining and transportation of large surface mine. A running gear of the mining self-dumping truck comprises a truck frame (5)and plurality of hydraulic suspensions (3).Every two hydraulic suspensions(3)form a shaft line; the running gear comprises at least two shaft lines; the truck frame (5) is an intermediate box beam structure; wing beams (19) extend from the two sides of the intermediate box beam; each hydraulic suspension (3) comprises a rotary bearing (6), a rotary frame (7), a swinging arm (9), a suspension cylinder (8), an oscillating shaft (10) and wheels (14); wherein the upper end of the rotary frame (7) is arranged on the lower plane of each wing beam (19) of the truck frame(5) by the rotary bearing(6); the lower end of the rotary frame (7) is movably connected with the swinging arm (9) via pins; one end of the suspension cylinder (8) is hinged at the lower part of the rotary frame (7); the other end of the suspension cylinder is hinged at the middle part of the swinging arm (9); the front end of the swinging arm (9) is a cylindrical pin shaft; the swing shaft (10) is sleeved with the cylindrical pin at the front end of the swinging arm (9); and the wheels (14) are arranged at the two ends of the swing shaft (10). The running gear improves the safety, the versatility, the maneuverability and the off-road performance of the mining self-dumping truck, meanwhile reducing the minimum turning radius of a vehicle, thereby reducing the cost of use and maintenance is reduced.

Description

Multi-axis mining dump truck

The invention relates to a multi-axis mining dump truck, which is mainly suitable for mining and transportation of large open pit mines. Background technique

Traditional large-scale mining dump trucks are generally two-axle large super-high, super-wide, and ultra-long dump trucks. These heavy-duty vehicles usually have short wheelbase, rear axle drive, mechanical or electric wheel drive, strong power, and strong climbing ability. , transportation efficiency is high, and the speed is not high. The traditional mining dump trucks also have the following problems of safety, passability, and high maintenance costs for production and use.

1) The vehicle is bulky, has a large load, a small number of tires, a large diameter, and a high center of gravity of the vehicle. The mining environment is harsh and the road conditions are complex, which is prone to accidents such as overturning and falling cliffs. 2) The grounding pressure is large, and the road quality is required. high. The loading quality and self-quality of mining dump trucks are relatively large, and the number of wheels carried by the dump trucks is small. The bearing capacity of each wheel is large, which is destructive to the pavement of the mining area. 3) The turning radius is large and the vehicle passing is poor. In order to increase the carrying capacity, the dump truck must widen or lengthen the vehicle, which greatly reduces the passage of the vehicle. In particular, the turning radius becomes larger and larger with the increase of the load capacity, and the requirements for the transportation site are increased. The higher it is. 4) The tire has a large diameter and the tire is expensive to use. Traditional large-scale mining dump trucks are equipped with giant tires, which require separate customization and are inconvenient to transport, store and replace. At the same time, the self-rescue ability is poor, and one tire is damaged. The vehicle will have to stop working. It will be transported to the workshop for maintenance by other transport vehicles. It is difficult to maintain and requires special equipment maintenance. 5) Large shaft load and high manufacturing cost. The larger axle load requires the axle and reducer to have larger bearing capacity and output torque, which puts higher requirements on the design and manufacture of the axle and reducer, and increases the product cost. 6) Adopting rear axle drive, in order to improve the ground adhesion utilization coefficient and enhance the driving force of the vehicle, the rear axle driven vehicle requires the rear axle load to be greater than 60%, and the rear axle needs to install four large wheels, in order to prevent the foreign matter between the wheels, A large two-wheel center distance is required between the two wheels. When the vehicle turns, the tires are heavily skid, the tires are unevenly worn, the rear axle tires are damaged faster, and the use cost is increased. Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an improvement in security, passability and use and dimension reduction. A mining dump truck that protects costs.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A multi-axle mining dump truck includes a driving system and a steering system, the driving system including a frame and a plurality of hydraulic suspensions, wherein each of the two hydraulic suspensions constitutes an axis, and the driving system includes at least two The frame is an intermediate box beam structure, and the middle box beam protrudes from the wing beam to both sides; the hydraulic suspension comprises a slewing bearing, a rotating frame, a swing arm, a suspension cylinder, a swing shaft, and a wheel; The upper end of the rotating frame is mounted on the lower plane of the frame spar by the slewing bearing, and the upper end of the rotating frame is movably pinned to the swing arm, and one end of the hanging cylinder is hinged at a lower part of the rotating frame, and the other end is hinged at In the middle of the swing arm, the front end of the swing arm is a cylindrical pin; the swing shaft is sleeved on a cylindrical pin at the front end of the swing arm; and the wheel is mounted at both ends of the swing shaft.

The steering system includes a steering cylinder, a steering straight rod, and a steering tie rod, one end of the steering cylinder is hinged with a seat on the frame, and the other end is hinged with a steering arm on the hydraulic suspension rotating frame, The steering tie rod is hinged on the rotating frame of the two hydraulic suspensions adjacent to each other, and the steering straight rod is hinged on the rotating frame of the two hydraulic suspensions adjacent to each other.

Two wheel-side motors and two wheel-side reducers are respectively mounted on the swing shafts of the hydraulic suspensions on at least one of the axes, and the output ends of the wheel-side motors are mounted on the input end faces of the reducer, An outer ring of the wheel reducer is coupled to the axle housing of the swing shaft, and an output end of the wheel reducer is mounted with a wheel. Of course, the two wheel motors can also be replaced by two hydraulic motors, the function and function of which are the same.

The travel system includes two to eight axes.

Since the steering of the technical solution is composed of the front and rear group steering mechanisms, when the vehicle is turned, the front group steering can also be simultaneously turned by the front and rear groups. The front group steering can realize the car steering mode, and the rear group steering can realize the eight-word steering mode. When the eight-character steering is performed, the turning radius can be greatly reduced. The invention has the beneficial effects of improving the safety of the mining dump truck, reducing the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, improving the passability, maneuverability and off-road performance of the mining vehicle, and reducing the use and maintenance costs. Specifically, there are six major advantages:

1) The vehicle's center of gravity is reduced and safety is improved. The increase in the number of tires reduces the wheel diameter by nearly half under the same load capacity, reducing the height and center of gravity of the vehicle, greatly improving the vehicle's ability to tilt over, and improving the stability and safety of driving.

2) The wheel load is reduced, the grounding specific pressure is reduced, the damage to the ground is reduced, and the ground collapse is caused by the tire overload, which causes damage to the vehicle and the road surface. 3) The turning radius is reduced, which improves the passability of the vehicle. Flexible steering mode, which can choose two driving modes: all-wheel steering and front axle steering. It adopts all-wheel octagonal steering, the maximum turning radius is reduced, and the maneuverability is obviously improved.

4) All-wheel drive can be realized, the axis type of the vehicle is basically the same, and the two swing shafts on all axes can be equipped with a drive mechanism, which can easily realize all-wheel drive and enable the vehicle to pass the wet road surface, muddy road surface or uneven road surface. Better, improved vehicle passability, off-road and mobility.

5) The tires are improved in strength and the service life is extended. The implementation of all-wheel drive avoids the heavy load of the rear axle of the traditional two-axle vehicle. It requires four large wheels with large center-to-center distances to cause the tire to slip and wear seriously, and the service life of the tire is prolonged. The application, the wheel can be adaptively compensated to the ground, to ensure that the wheel is well grounded, the wheel is evenly stressed, the vehicle's adhesion is maximized, and the tire life is extended. Four tires on one axis can be rotated at different speeds, which extends the life of the tire and improves the driving performance under slip conditions.

6) The fault self-rescue ability is strong and the maintainability is good. When a tire, an electric wheel or a suspension is damaged, the cylinder on the suspension where the damaged component is located can be manually lifted, so that the tire on the suspension is off the ground, and the vehicle can drive to the maintenance site for maintenance. Maintenance, without the need for other vehicle traction, improves the maintainability of the vehicle and reduces the cost of using the vehicle. DRAWINGS

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

1 is a schematic view showing the entire vehicle layout of a mining dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a mine dump truck axis and a steering mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic view showing the suspension structure of a mining dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view of an electric wheel of a mining dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

A four-axis, all-wheel drive, all-wheel steering, mine dump truck carrying 220 tons, as shown in Figure 1, by powertrain 2, driving system, braking, steering, electric drive, cab 1, cargo compartment 4 And a lifting mechanism, vehicle integrated management system and other components. The driving system and steering system are as follows:

1) Driving system As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the driving system includes a frame 5 and eight hydraulic suspensions 3, wherein each of the two suspensions constitutes one axis, the driving system has four axes, and the frame 5 is an intermediate box beam. Structure, the middle box beam protrudes to the two sides of the spar 19, the hydraulic suspension 3 comprises a slewing bearing 6, a rotating frame 7, a swinging arm 9, a suspension cylinder 8, a swinging shaft 10, a wheel 14; the upper end of the rotating frame 7 is supported by a slewing 6 is mounted on the lower surface of the spar 19 of the frame 5, the upper end of the rotating frame 7 is movably pinned to the swing arm 9, the end of the suspension cylinder 8 is hinged to the lower part of the rotating frame 7, and the other end is hinged in the middle of the swing arm 9, the front end of the swing arm 9 It is a cylindrical pin.

As shown in FIG. 4, the swing shaft 10 is set on the cylindrical pin at the front end of the swing arm 9 through the intermediate pin hole 11; the swing shaft 10 is rotatable on the cylindrical pin, and the swing arm 9 can swing up and down, so that the swing shaft is left and right. The two wheels are in adaptive contact with the ground. The swing shaft 10 is internally provided with a wheel drive motor 12, a wheel reducer 13 and the like. The output end of the wheel drive motor 12 is mounted on the input end face of the reduction gear 13, the outer ring is connected to the axle housing of the swing shaft 10, and the output end of the reducer 13 is mounted with the wheel 14.

The invention has two suspensions 3 on one axis, whether it is uphill, downhill, or driving on a bumpy road, or when a one-way, two-way cross slope or uneven road surface occurs, the swing shaft can adaptively face the wheel Compensation is made to evenly stress the wheel, reduce wear, and maximize the adhesion of the vehicle, improving the passage and smoothness of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the center of gravity of the vehicle is reduced by about 600 mm with respect to the mining dump truck of the same tonnage.

2) Steering

As shown in FIG. 2, the steering mechanism is composed of a steering cylinder 15, a steering straight rod 17, a tie rod 18, etc., in order to cope with an increase in the number of axles of the vehicle, each suspension has a steering arm 16, each axle Steering shaft. The steering cylinder 15 is hinged to the support on the frame 5, and one end is hinged to the steering arm 16 on the rotating frame. The steering system is composed of a front and rear group steering mechanism. In the embodiment, the first two axes are a group, and the latter two axes are a group. Each group has two steering cylinders, and a total of four steering cylinders 15, that is, the embodiment can be Group steering can also be turned at the same time. The previous group steering is used as an example to illustrate the working process of the steering mechanism. The steering cylinder 15 pushes (or pulls) the rotating frame 7 of the movable suspension 3 through the steering arm 16 while the rotating frame drives the steering tie rod 18 hinged thereto to push and cross. The rotating frame of the other coaxial line hinged by the rod 18 rotates. When the axis rotating frame rotates, the two rotating brackets hinged with the rotating frame simultaneously drive the two rotating frames on the latter axis to rotate. The rotating frame operated by the steering mechanism is rotated by the steering cylinder, and the wheel can be oscillated as needed to realize the steering of the vehicle. The steering system of the invention is composed of front and rear group steering mechanisms, and can perform two steering modes of eight-word steering and automobile steering, and has an automatic centering adjustment function. As shown in Figure 2, when the current two sets of steering mechanisms are put into use only when they are put into use, they are called the car steering mode, which is consistent with the steering mode of ordinary cars. When the latter two sets of mechanisms are put into use, they are eight characters. In the steering mode, the front and rear steering mechanisms have opposite motion modes, and the front and rear wheels are turned in a figure-eight shape to minimize the turning radius of the vehicle. The steering power of the steering mechanism comes from the steering cylinder, which is hydraulic control. Therefore, when the vehicle is erected for a long time, when the absolute values of the front and rear wheel angles are not equal, the action of the cylinder can be controlled by the steering control system. The automatic return of the wheel, that is, the automatic alignment function.

It should be understood that the above specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting. The technical solutions are modified or equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

Claim

A multi-axis mining dump truck, comprising a running train and a steering system, wherein the driving system comprises a frame and a plurality of hydraulic suspensions, wherein each of the two hydraulic suspensions constitutes an axis, The driving system includes at least two axes; the frame is an intermediate box beam structure, and the intermediate box beam extends the spar to both sides; the hydraulic suspension includes a slewing bearing, a rotating frame, a swing arm, and a suspension cylinder An upper end of the rotating frame is mounted on a lower plane of the frame spar by the slewing bearing, and an upper end of the rotating frame is coupled to the swing arm, and one end of the hanging cylinder is hinged to the rotating frame The lower end is hinged at the middle of the swing arm, and the front end of the swing arm is a cylindrical pin; the swing shaft is sleeved on a cylindrical pin at the front end of the swing arm; and the wheel is mounted at both ends of the swing shaft.

2. The mine dump truck according to claim 1, wherein the steering system comprises a steering cylinder, a steering straight rod, and a steering tie rod, and one end of the steering cylinder is hinged to a support on the frame, and One end is hinged with a steering arm on the hydraulic suspension rotating frame, and the steering tie rod is hinged on two rotating brackets of the hydraulic suspension adjacent to each other, and the steering straight rod is hinged to two adjacent front and rear On the rotating frame of the hydraulic suspension.

The mine dump truck according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the axes of the hydraulic suspension has two wheel motors and two wheel reducers respectively mounted on the swing shaft. The output end of the wheel motor is mounted on the input end face of the reducer, the outer ring of the wheel reducer is connected to the axle housing of the swing shaft, and the output end of the wheel reducer is mounted with a wheel.

A mine dump truck according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said running train comprises two to eight axles.