WO2013091774A1 - Method for joining motor vehicle components - Google Patents

Method for joining motor vehicle components Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013091774A1
WO2013091774A1 PCT/EP2012/004972 EP2012004972W WO2013091774A1 WO 2013091774 A1 WO2013091774 A1 WO 2013091774A1 EP 2012004972 W EP2012004972 W EP 2012004972W WO 2013091774 A1 WO2013091774 A1 WO 2013091774A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joining
motor vehicle
vehicle components
components
additive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/004972
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rainer Goller
Markus HÖLZER
Matthias Thümler
Original Assignee
Rehau Ag + Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rehau Ag + Co filed Critical Rehau Ag + Co
Priority to EP12810073.2A priority Critical patent/EP2794239A1/en
Publication of WO2013091774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013091774A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3608—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7829—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92441—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/92443—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile
    • B29C66/92445—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile by steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92611—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
    • B29C66/92615—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools the gap being non-constant over time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7826—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a sinusoidal wave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/246—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines forming figures, e.g. animals, flowers, hearts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/20—Inserts
    • B29K2105/203—Magnetic parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0003—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B29K2995/0008—Magnetic or paramagnetic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3044—Bumpers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055—Cars
    • B29L2031/3058—Spoilers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/48—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
    • B60R19/483—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds with obstacle sensors of electric or electronic type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for joining automotive components made of thermoplastic materials with a first component having a first joining surface, a second component having a second joining surface and at least one connecting additive made of a thermoplastic material, which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of Components is.
  • connection additives or adhesives can be used as connection additives in order to realize a cohesive connection of a first component with a first joining surface and a second component with a second joining surface.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for joining motor vehicle components made of thermoplastic materials, which allows an aesthetically satisfactory, cost-effective and rapid joining of motor vehicle components.
  • the object is achieved in that the inventive method for joining automotive components made of thermoplastic materials with a first component having a first joining surface, a second component with a second joining surface, at least one connecting additive of a thermoplastic material, which same or compatible is the thermoplastic material of the components and has magnetic particles as admixtures, comprising the following steps:
  • connection additive on at least one of the two joining surfaces
  • Forming a joining zone preferably by melting the joining surfaces, in the region of the connection additive, further approaching and / or fixing the joining surfaces to one another,
  • An essential advantage of the method according to the invention is that the compound additive is brought to or until the molten state only when applying an alternating magnetic field and thus compared to a coated adhesive, corresponding components can be handled much easier and also no limitations with respect to Storage time of corresponding components too note.
  • the targeted heat input in the region of the joining zone to be formed later also ensures that the danger of marks on the surface of the motor vehicle components to be joined is minimized.
  • the magnetic particles may be wholly or partly formed by superparamagnetic particles.
  • Superparamagnetic particles are, for example, so-called “single-domain particles” which have no hysteresis losses in the coupling of the alternating magnetic field in comparison to purely paramagnetic or magnetic particles
  • Other magnetic particles can be nanoscale particles with ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic or piezoelectric properties.
  • connection additive on at least one of the two joining surfaces by means of an injection molding process.
  • the arrangement of the connection additive on at least one of the two joining surfaces in the manufacture of one or both components in a so-called.
  • Two- or multi-component injection molding This alternative allows a particularly cost-effective mass production of corresponding motor vehicle components.
  • the connecting additive can be arranged in a caterpillar, wave-shaped and / or star-shaped manner on at least one of the two joining surfaces.
  • the connection additive in the edge region of the components can be arranged circumferentially, wherein optionally the connection additive has a continuous structure or is divided into individual sections.
  • the magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive in a proportion of 0.5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%.
  • the magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive in a proportion of 3 wt .-% to 35 wt .-%.
  • the components may in particular be designed as a spoiler and / or a sensor holder and / or a bumper cover and / or a carrier part and / or a fender paneling and / or an aperture element (in particular a trim strip).
  • a carrier part is in particular a stiffening part that can be connected to the body of a vehicle and / or increases the rigidity of the component to be connected thereto.
  • the joining surfaces can be approximated and / or fixed by means of a positioning device, wherein the positioning device consists essentially of a non-magnetic material.
  • non-magnetic materials are particularly suitable glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic or thermoset materials.
  • At least one spacer is arranged between the joining surfaces, whose height extent measured perpendicularly by at least one of the joining surfaces is less than the height extension of the connecting accessory, so that a defined gap is produced between the joining surfaces during and after the joining process.
  • the spacer or spacers are spaced from the forming joining zone so that it is not melted or melted.
  • the one or more spacers can be arranged in particular in the edge region of the motor vehicle components to be joined.
  • the at least one spacer is formed integrally with at least one of the components.
  • the spacer is integrally formed in an injection molding process together with at least one of the components.
  • the alternating magnetic field is preferably provided along a conveying path and / or by means of a handling system and / or by means of the positioning device. Particularly along a conveyor line, particularly short cycle times and a high number of joining operations per cycle can be guaranteed in terms of high-volume technology.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the shell-shaped components according to FIG. 1 within a positioning device
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the joined together shell-shaped components according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a bumper fascia with a sensor holder
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a sensor holder, which is joined by means of the method according to the invention, behind a bumper fascia.
  • Fig. 1 b is a plan view of a first component 1 made of a thermoplastic material having a first joining surface 2
  • Fig. 1a is a plan view of a second component 3 with a second joining surface 4.
  • a connection additive 5 is made a thermoplastic material which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of the components 1 and 3 and which has magnetic particles as admixtures provided.
  • the inventive method for joining the two components 1 and 3 made of thermoplastic material comprises the following steps: arranging the connection additive 5 on the joining surface 2 of the first component 1, approximating the first joining surface 2 to the second joining surface 4, providing an alternating magnetic field 6 (here not shown in detail), which is formed in this embodiment by an electromagnetic alternating field.
  • the connecting additive 5 is transferred to or into the molten state by coupling a sufficient excitation energy into the magnetic particles by means of the alternating magnetic field 6. This is done primarily by fusing the joining surfaces 2 and 4 in the region of the connecting additive 5 to form a joining zone 7. This assumes that the melt temperatures of the thermoplastic materials are in comparable ranges and their compatibility, especially with regard to miscibility, is given. Alternatively, it may be wholly or partially a hot tack process, with the compound additive 5 then acting as a hot melt adhesive. By further approaching and fixing the joining surfaces 2 and 4 to each other, the corresponding joining zone 7 is further developed. Subsequently, a switching off of the alternating magnetic field 6 and a cooling of the
  • the attachment additive 5 is arranged on the second joining face 4 by means of an injection molding method, in particular already during the production of the second component 3.
  • the connecting attachment 5 is arranged on the second joining face 4 in a caterpillar shape.
  • the magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive 5 in a proportion of 0.5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%.
  • the components are designed as upper and lower shell of a spoiler, but can also be used as a Sensor holder and / or a bumper fascia and / or a support member and / or a fender trim and / or a diaphragm element (in particular a trim strip) may be formed.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the joining surfaces 2 and 4 are approximated and fixed by means of a positioning device 8, wherein the positioning device 8 consists essentially of a non-magnetic material.
  • the positioning device 8 consists essentially of a non-magnetic material.
  • a spacer 9 is arranged in the edge region of the second component 3, whose vertical extent X measured perpendicularly to the joining surface 4 is smaller than the height extent Y of the connecting additive 5, so that a defined gap exists between during or after the joining process the joining surfaces 2 and 4 is realized.
  • This spacer 9 is formed integrally with the second component 1.
  • the alternating magnetic field 6 is provided by means of the positioning device 8 (field lines not shown here). Not shown in detail is the opening of the positioning device 8 after switching off the magnetic alternating field see 6 and the cooling of the joining zone 7 and the removal of the illustrated in Fig. 3, assembled motor vehicle components 1 and 3.
  • a first component 1 made of a thermoplastic material with a first joining surface 2 is shown above the dashed line of symmetry.
  • the first component 1 is a sensor holder for receiving a radar sensor or a camera.
  • This first component 1 is to be joined by means of the first joining surface 2 to a second component 3 with a second joining surface 4.
  • the second component 3 is a bumper cladding, the first component 1 being arranged or joined on the side facing away from the visible side of the bumper cladding.
  • a connection additive 5 made of a thermoplastic material which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of the components 1 and 3 and the magnetic particles has as admixtures arranged.
  • connection additive 5 takes place here on the joining surface 2 of the first component 1, wherein, of course, the arrangement of the connection additive 5 on the joining surface 4 of the second component 3 can be carried out in the context of the invention.
  • 4 shows below the dashed line of symmetry how, in a following step, the first joint surface 2 is approximated to the second joint surface 4 (dashed arrow).
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the arrangement of sensor holder 1 and bumper cover 3 shown in FIG. 4 in the assembled state.
  • a sensor 20 is arranged, the sensor head has an opening within the
  • the sensor 20 may be a radar sensor or a camera.

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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) that are made of thermoplastic materials, comprising a first component (1) having a first joining area (2), a second component (3) having a second joining area (4), at least one joining additive (5) made of a thermoplastic material, which is of the same type or compatible with the thermoplastic material of the components (1, 3) and which has magnetic particles as admixtures.

Description

Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen  Method for joining motor vehicle components
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen aus thermoplastischen Werkstoffen mit einem ersten Bauteil mit einer ersten Fügefläche, einem zweiten Bauteil mit einer zweiten Fügefläche und mindestens einem Verbindungszusatz aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff, welcher artgleich oder kompatibel zu dem thermoplas- tischen Werkstoff der Bauteile ist. The invention relates to a method for joining automotive components made of thermoplastic materials with a first component having a first joining surface, a second component having a second joining surface and at least one connecting additive made of a thermoplastic material, which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of Components is.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist eine Vielzahl von Fügeverfahren bekannt, um Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile aus thermoplastischen Werkstoffen miteinander zu verbinden. Als Verbindungszusätze können hierbei Schweißzusatzstoffe oder Klebstoffe eingesetzt werden, um eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung von einem ersten Bauteil mit einer ersten Fügefläche und einem zweiten Bauteil mit einer zweiten Fügefläche zu realisieren. From the prior art, a variety of joining methods is known to connect automotive components made of thermoplastic materials together. Welding additives or adhesives can be used as connection additives in order to realize a cohesive connection of a first component with a first joining surface and a second component with a second joining surface.
Ferner ist aus der DE 10 2007 009 124 B4 ein induktionsgeschütztes Fertigungsverfahren bekannt, wobei ein bandförmiges, eine Faserverstärkung und ein thermoplastisches Harz mit magnetischen Partikel aufweisendes Ausgangsmaterial in einem kontinuierlichenFurthermore, from DE 10 2007 009 124 B4 an induction-protected manufacturing method is known, wherein a band-shaped, a fiber reinforcement and a thermoplastic resin with magnetic particles exhibiting starting material in a continuous
Durchlauf durch Einkoppeln eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes erwärmt wird. Das Dokument beschäftigt sich hierbei mit dem schichtweisen Aufbau eines Formkörpers aus diesem bandförmigen Ausgangsmaterial. Nachteilig an den vorgenannten Fügeverfahren ist, dass diese zum einen sehr zeitaufwän- dig sind und insbesondere bei einem Schweißverfahren entsprechender zu fügender Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile es auf der Sichtseite derartiger Bauteile zu sog. Abzeichnungen (insbesondere Einfallstellen) kommt, welche insbesondere nach einem Lackiervorgang entsprechender Sichtseiten zu einem unakzeptablen Erscheinungsbild führen. Pass is heated by coupling an alternating magnetic field. The document deals here with the layered structure of a shaped body of this band-shaped starting material. A disadvantage of the aforementioned joining methods is that they are very time-consuming and, in particular, in a welding process of corresponding motor vehicle components to be joined on the visible side of such components to so-called markings (in particular sink marks) which, in particular, follow a painting process of corresponding visible sides lead to an unacceptable appearance.
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen aus thermoplastischen Werkstoffen anzugeben, welches ein ästhetisch zufriedenstellendes, kostengünstiges und rasches Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug- Bauteilen ermöglicht. Against this background, the invention has for its object to provide a method for joining motor vehicle components made of thermoplastic materials, which allows an aesthetically satisfactory, cost-effective and rapid joining of motor vehicle components.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit einem ersten Bauteil mit einer ersten Fügefläche, einem zweiten Bauteil mit einer zweiten Fügefläche, mindestens einem Verbindungszusatz aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff, welcher artgleich oder kompatibel zu dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff der Bauteile ist und der magnetische Partikel als Beimengungen aufweist, die folgenden Schritte umfasst: According to the invention the object is achieved in that the inventive method for joining automotive components made of thermoplastic materials with a first component having a first joining surface, a second component with a second joining surface, at least one connecting additive of a thermoplastic material, which same or compatible is the thermoplastic material of the components and has magnetic particles as admixtures, comprising the following steps:
Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes auf mindestens einer der beiden Fügeflächen, Arranging the connection additive on at least one of the two joining surfaces,
Annähern der ersten Fügefläche an die zweite Fügefläche, - Bereitstellen eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes, vorzugsweise eines elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes, zumindest im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes, Approximating the first joining surface to the second joining surface, providing an alternating magnetic field, preferably an alternating electromagnetic field, at least in the region of the connecting additive,
Überführen des Verbindungszusatzes bis an oder bis in den schmelzflüssigen Zustand durch Einkoppeln einer hinreichenden Anregungsenergie in die magnetischen Partikel mittels des magnetischen Wechselfeldes, Transfer of the compound additive up to or into the molten state by coupling a sufficient excitation energy into the magnetic particles by means of the alternating magnetic field,
Ausbildung einer Fügezone, vorzugsweise durch Anschmelzen der Fügeflächen, im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes, - weiteres Annähern und / oder Fixieren der Fügeflächen zueinander, Forming a joining zone, preferably by melting the joining surfaces, in the region of the connection additive, further approaching and / or fixing the joining surfaces to one another,
Abstellen des magnetischen Wechselfeldes, Switching off the alternating magnetic field,
Abkühlen der Fügezone. Cooling the joining zone.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt darin, dass der Verbindungszusatz erst bei Anlegen eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes bis an oder bis in den schmelzflüssigen Zustand gebracht wird und somit im Vergleich zu einem aufgetragenen Klebstoff, entsprechende Bauteile wesentlich einfacher gehandhabt werden können und zudem keinerlei Limitierungen bezüglich der Lagerungszeit entsprechender Bauteile zu beachten sind. Durch den gezielten Wärmeeintrag im Bereich der später auszubildenden Fügezone wird zudem erreicht, dass die Gefahr von Abzeichnungen auf der Oberfläche der zu fügenden Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile minimiert wird. Die magnetischen Partikel können ganz oder teilweise durch superparamagnetische Partikel gebildet werden. Superparamagnetische Partikel sind beispielsweise sogenannte„Sin- gle-Domain-Particles", die im Vergleich zu rein paramagnetischen oder magnetischen Partikeln keine Hystereseverluste bei der Einkopplung des magnetischen Wechselfeldes aufweisen. Andere magnetische Partikel können nanoskalige Partikel mit ferromagnetischen, ferrimagnetischen oder piezoelektrischen Eigenschaften sein. An essential advantage of the method according to the invention is that the compound additive is brought to or until the molten state only when applying an alternating magnetic field and thus compared to a coated adhesive, corresponding components can be handled much easier and also no limitations with respect to Storage time of corresponding components too note. The targeted heat input in the region of the joining zone to be formed later also ensures that the danger of marks on the surface of the motor vehicle components to be joined is minimized. The magnetic particles may be wholly or partly formed by superparamagnetic particles. Superparamagnetic particles are, for example, so-called "single-domain particles" which have no hysteresis losses in the coupling of the alternating magnetic field in comparison to purely paramagnetic or magnetic particles Other magnetic particles can be nanoscale particles with ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic or piezoelectric properties.
Das Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes auf mindestens einer der beiden Fügeflächen erfolgt mittels eines Spritzgussverfahrens. Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes auf mindestens einer der beiden Fügeflächen bei der Herstellung eines oder beider Bauteile in einem sog. Zwei- oder Mehrkomponenten-Spritzgussverfahren. Diese Alternative ermöglicht eine besonders kostengünstige Großserienfertigung entsprechender Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile. The arrangement of the connection additive on at least one of the two joining surfaces by means of an injection molding process. Preferably, the arrangement of the connection additive on at least one of the two joining surfaces in the manufacture of one or both components in a so-called. Two- or multi-component injection molding. This alternative allows a particularly cost-effective mass production of corresponding motor vehicle components.
Der Verbindungszusatz kann raupenförmig, wellenförmig und / oder sternförmig auf min- destens einer der beiden Fügeflächen angeordnet werden. Insbesondere kann der Verbindungszusatz im Randbereich der Bauteile umlaufend angeordnet werden, wobei ggf. der Verbindungszusatz eine durchgehende Struktur aufweist oder in einzelne Abschnitte unterteilt ist. Vorzugsweise sind die magnetischen Partikel dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff des Verbindungszusatzes in einem Anteil von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 50 Gew.-% beigemengt. Bevorzugt sind die magnetischen Partikel dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff des Verbindungszusatzes in einem Anteil von 3 Gew.-% bis 35 Gew.-% beigemengt. Die Bauteile können insbesondere als ein Spoiler und / oder ein Sensorhalter und / oder eine Stoßfängerverkleidung und / oder ein Trägerteil und / oder eine Kotflügelverkleidung und/ oder ein Blendenelement (insbesondere eine Zierleiste) ausgebildet sein. Ein Trägerteil ist insbesondere ein Versteifungsteil, dass mit der Karosserie eines Fahrzeuges verbindbar ist und/oder das die Steifigkeit des mit diesem zu verbindenden Bauteils erhöht. Die Fügeflächen können mittels einer Positioniervorrichtung angenähert und / oder fixiert werden, wobei die Positioniervorrichtung im Wesentlichen aus einem unmagnetischen Werkstoff besteht. Als unmagnetische Werkstoffe eignen sich insbesondere glasfaserverstärkte thermoplastische oder duroplastische Werkstoffe. The connecting additive can be arranged in a caterpillar, wave-shaped and / or star-shaped manner on at least one of the two joining surfaces. In particular, the connection additive in the edge region of the components can be arranged circumferentially, wherein optionally the connection additive has a continuous structure or is divided into individual sections. Preferably, the magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive in a proportion of 0.5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%. Preferably, the magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive in a proportion of 3 wt .-% to 35 wt .-%. The components may in particular be designed as a spoiler and / or a sensor holder and / or a bumper cover and / or a carrier part and / or a fender paneling and / or an aperture element (in particular a trim strip). A carrier part is in particular a stiffening part that can be connected to the body of a vehicle and / or increases the rigidity of the component to be connected thereto. The joining surfaces can be approximated and / or fixed by means of a positioning device, wherein the positioning device consists essentially of a non-magnetic material. As non-magnetic materials are particularly suitable glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic or thermoset materials.
Vorzugsweise ist zwischen den Fügeflächen mindestens ein Abstandshalter angeordnet, dessen von mindestens einer der Fügeflächen senkrecht gemessene Höhenausdehnung geringer ist als die Höhenausdehnung des Verbindungszusatzes, so dass während und nach dem Fügevorgang ein definierter Spalt zwischen den Fügeflächen realisiert wird. Ins- besondere im Hinblick auf die vorgenannten Abzeichnungen auf der sichtbaren Außenoberfläche der Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile ist es vorteilhaft, einen derartigen Abstandshalter vorzusehen, der ein Durchsacken der Fügezone verhindert. Entsprechend sind die bzw. der Abstandshalter von der sich bildenden Fügezone beabstandet, so dass dieser nicht mit an- bzw. aufgeschmolzen wird bzw. werden. Der oder die Abstandshalter können dabei insbe- sondere im Randbereich der zu fügenden Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile angeordnet sein. Bevorzugt ist der mindestens eine Abstandshalter einstückig mit mindestens einem der Bauteile ausgebildet. Insbesondere ist der Abstandshalter einstückig in einem Spritzgussverfahren zusammen mit mindestens einem der Bauteile ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise wird das magnetische Wechselfeld entlang einer Förderstrecke und / oder mittels eines Handlingssystems und / oder mittels der Positioniervorrichtung bereitgestellt. Insbesondere entlang einer Förderstrecke lassen sich großserientechnisch besonders kurze Zykluszeiten und eine hohe Zahl für Fügeoperationen pro Zyklus gewährleisten. Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand lediglich Ausführungsbeispiele darstellender Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch: Preferably, at least one spacer is arranged between the joining surfaces, whose height extent measured perpendicularly by at least one of the joining surfaces is less than the height extension of the connecting accessory, so that a defined gap is produced between the joining surfaces during and after the joining process. In particular with regard to the abovementioned markings on the visible outer surface of the motor vehicle components, it is advantageous to provide such a spacer which prevents the joining zone from sagging. Accordingly, the spacer or spacers are spaced from the forming joining zone so that it is not melted or melted. The one or more spacers can be arranged in particular in the edge region of the motor vehicle components to be joined. Preferably, the at least one spacer is formed integrally with at least one of the components. In particular, the spacer is integrally formed in an injection molding process together with at least one of the components. The alternating magnetic field is preferably provided along a conveying path and / or by means of a handling system and / or by means of the positioning device. Particularly along a conveyor line, particularly short cycle times and a high number of joining operations per cycle can be guaranteed in terms of high-volume technology. In the following the invention will be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrative drawings. They show schematically:
Fig. 1 ein erstes und ein zweites zu fügendes schalenförmiges Bauteil, 1 shows a first and a second to be joined shell-shaped component,
Fig. 2 eine Schnittdarstellung der schalenförmigen Bauteile gemäß Fig. 1 innerhalb einer Positioniervorrichtung, 2 shows a sectional view of the shell-shaped components according to FIG. 1 within a positioning device, FIG.
Fig. 3 eine Schnittdarstellung der miteinander gefügten schalenförmigen Bauteile gemäß Fig. 1 , Fig. 4 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Stoßfängerverkleidung mit einem Sensorhalter, 3 is a sectional view of the joined together shell-shaped components according to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a bumper fascia with a sensor holder,
Fig. 5 eine Schnittdarstellung eines mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gefügten Sensorhalters hinter einer Stoßfängerverkleidung. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a sensor holder, which is joined by means of the method according to the invention, behind a bumper fascia.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt in Fig. 1 b eine Draufsicht auf ein erstes Bauteil 1 aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff mit einer ersten Fügefläche 2 und in Fig. 1a eine Draufsicht auf ein zweites Bauteil 3 mit einer zweiten Fügefläche 4. Ferner ist ein Verbindungszusatz 5 aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff, welcher artgleich oder kompatibel zu dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff der Bauteile 1 und 3 ist und der magnetische Partikel als Beimengungen aufweist, vorgesehen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Fügen der beiden Bauteile 1 und 3 aus thermoplastischem Werkstoff umfasst die folgenden Schritte: Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes 5 auf der Fügefläche 2 des ersten Bauteils 1 , Annähern der ersten Fügefläche 2 an die zweite Fügefläche 4, Bereitstellen eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6 (hier nicht näher dargestellt), welches in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel durch ein elektromagnetisches Wechselfeld gebildet ist. Durch das Bereitstellen eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6, vorzugsweise eine elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes, zumindest im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes 5 wird der Verbindungszusatz 5 bis an oder bis in den schmelzflüssigen Zustand durch Einkuppeln einer hinreichenden Anregungsenergie in die magneti- sehen Partikel mittels des magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6 überführt. Die Schmelze des Verbindungszusatzes 5 führt in Folge zu einer Ausbildung einer Fügezone 7. Dies erfolgt primär durch Anschmelzen der Fügeflächen 2 und 4 im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes 5 unter Ausbildung einer Fügezone 7. Dies setzt voraus, dass die Schmelzetemperaturen der thermoplastischen Werkstoffe in vergleichbaren Bereichen liegen und deren Kompatibilität, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine Mischbarkeit, gegeben ist. Alternativ kann es sich gänzlich oder teilweise um einen Heißklebeprozess handeln, wobei der Verbindungszusatz 5 dann als Heißkleber fungiert. Durch ein weiteres Annähern und Fixieren der Fügeflächen 2 und 4 zueinander wird die entsprechende Fügezone 7 weiter ausgebildet. Anschließend erfolgen ein Abstellen des magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6 sowie ein Abkühlen der 1 shows in Fig. 1 b is a plan view of a first component 1 made of a thermoplastic material having a first joining surface 2 and in Fig. 1a is a plan view of a second component 3 with a second joining surface 4. Furthermore, a connection additive 5 is made a thermoplastic material which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of the components 1 and 3 and which has magnetic particles as admixtures provided. The inventive method for joining the two components 1 and 3 made of thermoplastic material comprises the following steps: arranging the connection additive 5 on the joining surface 2 of the first component 1, approximating the first joining surface 2 to the second joining surface 4, providing an alternating magnetic field 6 (here not shown in detail), which is formed in this embodiment by an electromagnetic alternating field. By providing an alternating magnetic field 6, preferably an alternating electromagnetic field, at least in the region of the connecting additive 5, the connecting additive 5 is transferred to or into the molten state by coupling a sufficient excitation energy into the magnetic particles by means of the alternating magnetic field 6. This is done primarily by fusing the joining surfaces 2 and 4 in the region of the connecting additive 5 to form a joining zone 7. This assumes that the melt temperatures of the thermoplastic materials are in comparable ranges and their compatibility, especially with regard to miscibility, is given. Alternatively, it may be wholly or partially a hot tack process, with the compound additive 5 then acting as a hot melt adhesive. By further approaching and fixing the joining surfaces 2 and 4 to each other, the corresponding joining zone 7 is further developed. Subsequently, a switching off of the alternating magnetic field 6 and a cooling of the
Fügezone 7. Das Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes 5 auf der zweiten Fügefläche 4 erfolgt mittels eines Spritzgussverfahrens, insbesondere bereits bei der Herstellung des zweiten Bauteils 3. Der Verbindungszusatz 5 ist raupenförmig auf der zweiten Fügefläche 4 angeordnet. Die magnetischen Partikel sind dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff des Verbindungszusatzes 5 in einem Anteil von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 50 Gew.-% beigemengt. Die Bauteile sind als Ober- und Unterschale eines Spoilers ausgebildet, können jedoch auch als ein Sensorhalter und / oder eine Stoßfängerverkleidung und / oder ein Trägerteil und / oder eine Kotflügelverkleidung und/ oder ein Blendenelement (insbesondere eine Zierleiste) ausgebildet sein. Die Fig. 2 zeigt, wie die Fügeflächen 2 und 4 mittels einer Positioniervorrichtung 8 angenähert und fixiert werden, wobei die Positioniervorrichtung 8 im Wesentlichen aus einem unmagnetischen Werkstoff besteht. Zwischen den Fügeflächen 2 und 4 ist ein Abstandshalter 9 im Randbereich des zweiten Bauteils 3 angeordnet, dessen von der Fügefläche 4 senkrecht gemessene Höhenausdehnung X geringer ist als die Höhenausdehnung Y des Ver- bindungszusatzes 5, so dass während oder nach dem Fügevorgang ein definierter Spalt zwischen den Fügeflächen 2 und 4 realisiert wird. Dieser Abstandshalter 9 ist einstückig mit dem zweiten Bauteil 1 ausgebildet. Das magnetische Wechselfeld 6 wird mittels der Positioniervorrichtung 8 bereitgestellt (Feldlinien hier nicht näher dargestellt). Nicht näher dargestellt ist das Öffnen der Positioniervorrichtung 8 nach dem Abstellen des magneti- sehen Wechselfeldes 6 und dem Abkühlen der Fügezone 7 und die Entnahme der in Fig. 3 dargestellten, zusammengefügten Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile 1 und 3. Joining zone 7. The attachment additive 5 is arranged on the second joining face 4 by means of an injection molding method, in particular already during the production of the second component 3. The connecting attachment 5 is arranged on the second joining face 4 in a caterpillar shape. The magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive 5 in a proportion of 0.5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%. The components are designed as upper and lower shell of a spoiler, but can also be used as a Sensor holder and / or a bumper fascia and / or a support member and / or a fender trim and / or a diaphragm element (in particular a trim strip) may be formed. 2 shows how the joining surfaces 2 and 4 are approximated and fixed by means of a positioning device 8, wherein the positioning device 8 consists essentially of a non-magnetic material. Between the joining surfaces 2 and 4, a spacer 9 is arranged in the edge region of the second component 3, whose vertical extent X measured perpendicularly to the joining surface 4 is smaller than the height extent Y of the connecting additive 5, so that a defined gap exists between during or after the joining process the joining surfaces 2 and 4 is realized. This spacer 9 is formed integrally with the second component 1. The alternating magnetic field 6 is provided by means of the positioning device 8 (field lines not shown here). Not shown in detail is the opening of the positioning device 8 after switching off the magnetic alternating field see 6 and the cooling of the joining zone 7 and the removal of the illustrated in Fig. 3, assembled motor vehicle components 1 and 3.
In Fig. 4 ist oberhalb der gestrichelten Symmetrielinie ein erstes Bauteil 1 aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff mit einer ersten Fügefläche 2 dargestellt. Bei dem ersten Bau- teil 1 handelt es sich um einen Sensorhalter zur Aufnahme eines Radarsensors bzw. einer Kamera. Dieses erste Bauteil 1 soll mittels der ersten Fügefläche 2 an ein zweites Bauteil 3 mit einer zweiten Fügefläche 4 gefügt werden. Bei dem zweiten Bauteil 3 handelt es sich um eine Stoßfängerverkleidung, wobei das erste Bauteil 1 hierbei auf der der Sichtseite der Stoßfängerverkleidung abgewandten Seite angeordnet bzw. gefügt wird. An dem ersten Bauteil 1 ist ein Verbindungszusatz 5 aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff, welcher artgleich oder kompatibel zu dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff der Bauteile 1 und 3 ist und der magnetische Partikel als Beimengungen aufweist, angeordnet. Die Anordnung des Verbindungszusatzes 5 erfolgt hierbei auf der Fügefläche 2 des ersten Bauteils 1 , wobei selbstredend im Rahmen der Erfindung die Anordnung des Verbindungszusatzes 5 auch auf der Fügefläche 4 des zweiten Bauteils 3 erfolgen kann. In Fig. 4 ist unterhalb der gestrichelten Symmetrielinie dargestellt, wie in einem folgenden Schritt die erste Fügefläche 2 an die zweite Fügefläche 4 angenähert wird (gestrichelter Pfeil). Anschließend bzw. zeitgleich erfolgt ein Bereitstellen eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6, vorzugweise eines elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes 6, zumindest im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes 5. Durch das Einkoppeln einer hinreichenden Anregungsenergie in die magnetischen Partikel mittels des magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6 erfolgt ein Überführen des Verbindungszusatzes 5 bis an oder bis in den schmelzflüssigen Zustand. Selbige Anregungsenergie sorgt dafür, dass ein Anschmelzen der Fügeflächen 2 und 4 im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes 5 unter Ausbildung einer Fügezone 7 erfolgt. Durch weiteres Annähern und Fixieren der Fügeflächen 2 und 4 zueinander werden entsprechende Fügetoleranzen der beiden Bauteile 1 und 3 zueinander eingestellt. Nach Abstellen des magnetischen Wechselfeldes 6 erfolgt ein Abkühlen der Fügezone 7 sowie ein Entfernen einer der zum Annähern und Fixieren genutzten Positioniervorrichtung 8. Zwischen den Fügeflächen 2 und 4 ist ein Abstandshalter 9 angeordnet, dessen von den Fügeflächen 2 und 4 senkrecht gemessene Höhenausdehnung geringer ist als die Höheausdehnung des Verbindungszusatzes 5, so dass während und nach dem Fügen ein definierten Spalt zwischen den Fügeflächen 2 und 4 realisiert wird. Durch den Abstandshalter kann es so nicht zu einem durchsacken der Fügezone bis auf die Sichtseite der Stoßfängerverkleidung kommen. Die Fig. 5 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Anordnung aus Sensorhalter 1 und Stoßfängerverkleidung 3 im gefügten Zustand. Innerhalb des Sensorhalters 1 ist ein Sensor 20 angeordnet, dessen Sensorkopf eine Öffnung innerhalb der 4, a first component 1 made of a thermoplastic material with a first joining surface 2 is shown above the dashed line of symmetry. The first component 1 is a sensor holder for receiving a radar sensor or a camera. This first component 1 is to be joined by means of the first joining surface 2 to a second component 3 with a second joining surface 4. The second component 3 is a bumper cladding, the first component 1 being arranged or joined on the side facing away from the visible side of the bumper cladding. On the first component 1 is a connection additive 5 made of a thermoplastic material, which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of the components 1 and 3 and the magnetic particles has as admixtures arranged. The arrangement of the connection additive 5 takes place here on the joining surface 2 of the first component 1, wherein, of course, the arrangement of the connection additive 5 on the joining surface 4 of the second component 3 can be carried out in the context of the invention. 4 shows below the dashed line of symmetry how, in a following step, the first joint surface 2 is approximated to the second joint surface 4 (dashed arrow). Subsequently or at the same time, provision is made of an alternating magnetic field 6, preferably of an alternating electromagnetic field 6, at least in the region of the connecting additive 5. By coupling in a sufficient excitation energy into the magnetic particles By means of the alternating magnetic field 6, the connecting additive 5 is transferred to or into the molten state. The same excitation energy ensures that the joining surfaces 2 and 4 melt in the area of the connecting additive 5 to form a joining zone 7. By further approaching and fixing the joining surfaces 2 and 4 to each other corresponding joining tolerances of the two components 1 and 3 are adjusted to each other. After switching off the alternating magnetic field 6, the joining zone 7 is cooled down and a positioning device 8 used for approaching and fixing is removed. Between the joining surfaces 2 and 4, a spacer 9 is arranged whose height extent measured vertically by the joining surfaces 2 and 4 is less than the height extent of the connection additive 5, so that during and after joining a defined gap between the joining surfaces 2 and 4 is realized. Due to the spacer, it can not come to a sagging of the joint zone to the visible side of the bumper fascia. FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the arrangement of sensor holder 1 and bumper cover 3 shown in FIG. 4 in the assembled state. Within the sensor holder 1, a sensor 20 is arranged, the sensor head has an opening within the
Stoßfängerverkleidung 3 durchfasst. Bei dem Sensor 20 kann es sich um einen Radarsensor oder um eine Kamera handeln. Bumper trim 3 covered. The sensor 20 may be a radar sensor or a camera.
- Patentansprüche - - Claims -

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) aus thermoplastischen Werk- Stoffen mit, 1. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) made of thermoplastic materials with,
- einem ersten Bauteil (1) mit einer ersten Fügefläche (2), a first component (1) having a first joining surface (2),
- einem zweiten Bauteil (3) mit einer zweiten Fügefläche (4),  a second component (3) with a second joining surface (4),
- mindestens einem Verbindungszusatz (5) aus einem thermoplastischen Werk- stoff, welcher artgleich oder kompatibel zu dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff der - At least one connection additive (5) made of a thermoplastic material, which is the same or compatible with the thermoplastic material of
Bauteile (1 , 3) ist und der magnetische Partikel als Beimengungen aufweist, umfassend die folgenden Schritte: - Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes (5) auf mindestens einer der beiden Fügeflächen (2, 4), Components (1, 3) and the magnetic particles comprises as admixtures, comprising the following steps: - arranging the connection additive (5) on at least one of the two joining surfaces (2, 4),
- Annähern der ersten Fügefläche (2) an die zweite Fügefläche (4),  Approximating the first joining surface (2) to the second joining surface (4),
- Bereitstellen eines magnetischen Wechselfeldes (6), vorzugsweise eines elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes (6), zumindest im Bereich des Verbindungszu- satzes (5),  Providing an alternating magnetic field (6), preferably an alternating electromagnetic field (6), at least in the region of the added connection (5),
Überführen des Verbindungszusatzes (5) bis an oder bis in den schmelzflüssigen Zustand durch Einkoppeln einer hinreichenden Anregungsenergie in die magnetischen Partikel mittels des magnetischen Wechselfeldes (6), Transferring the compound additive (5) to or into the molten state by coupling a sufficient excitation energy into the magnetic particles by means of the alternating magnetic field (6),
- Ausbildung einer Fügezone (7), vorzugsweise durch Anschmelzen der Fügeflä- chen (2, 4), im Bereich des Verbindungszusatzes (5), - Formation of a joining zone (7), preferably by melting the joining surfaces (2, 4), in the region of the connecting additive (5),
- weiteres Annähern und/oder Fixieren der Fügeflächen (2, 4) zueinander, further approaching and / or fixing the joining surfaces (2, 4) to one another,
- Abstellen des magnetischen Wechselfeldes (6), - stopping the alternating magnetic field (6),
- Abkühlen der Fügezone (7).  - cooling the joining zone (7).
2. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, die magnetischen Partikel ganz oder teilweise durch superparamagne- tische Partikel gebildet werden. 3. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anordnen des Verbindungszusatzes (5) mit- tels eines Spritzgussverfahrens, vorzugsweise bei der Herstellung eines oder beider Bauteile (1 , 2. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic particles are wholly or partly formed by superparamagnetic particles. 3. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the arranging of the connection attachment (5) mit- An injection molding process, preferably in the manufacture of one or both components (1,
3) erfolgt. 3).
4. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbindungszusatz raupenförmig, wellenförmig und/oder sternförmig auf mindestens einer der beiden Fügeflächen (2, 4) angeordnet wird. 4. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection additive caterpillar, wave-shaped and / or star-shaped on at least one of the two joining surfaces (2, 4) is arranged.
5. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Partikel dem thermoplastischen Werkstoff des Verbindungszusatzes (5) in einem Anteil von 0,5 Gewichtsprozent bis 50 Gewichtsprozent beigemengt werden. 5. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic particles are added to the thermoplastic material of the compound additive (5) in a proportion of 0.5 weight percent to 50 weight percent.
6. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bauteile (1 , 3) als ein Spoiler und/oder ein Sensorhalter und/oder eine Stoßfängerverkleidung und/oder ein Trägerteil und/oder eine Kotflügelverkleidung ausgebildet sind. 6. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the components (1, 3) as a spoiler and / or a sensor holder and / or a bumper cover and / or a support member and / or a fender panel are formed.
7. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fügeflächen (2, 4) mittels einer 7. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joining surfaces (2, 4) by means of a
Positioniervorrichtung (8) angenähert und/oder fixiert werden, wobei die  Positioning device (8) are approximated and / or fixed, wherein the
Positioniervorrichtung (8) im Wesentlichen aus einem unmagnetischen Werkstoff besteht.  Positioning device (8) consists essentially of a non-magnetic material.
8. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den Fügeflächen (2, 4) mindestens ein Abstandshalter (9) angeordnet wird, dessen von den Fügeflächen (2, 4) senkrecht gemessene Höhenausdehnung (X) geringer ist als die Höheausdehnung (Y) des Verbindungszusatzes (5), so dass während und nach dem Fügen ein definierten Spalt zwischen den Fügeflächen (2, 4) realisiert wird. 8. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the joining surfaces (2, 4) at least one spacer (9) is arranged, of which the joining surfaces (2, 4) vertically measured height extent (X) is less than the height extent (Y) of the connection additive (5), so that during and after joining a defined gap between the joining surfaces (2, 4) is realized.
9. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstandshalter (9) einstückig mit mindestens einem der Bauteile (1 , 3) ausgebildet ist. 9. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer (9) is formed integrally with at least one of the components (1, 3).
10. Verfahren zum Fügen von Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteilen (1 , 3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das magnetische Wechselfeld (6) entlang einer Förderstrecke und/oder mittels eines Handlingssystems und/oder mittels der Positioniervorrichtung (8) bereitsgestellt wird. 10. A method for joining motor vehicle components (1, 3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alternating magnetic field (6) along a conveyor line and / or by means of a handling system and / or by means of the positioning device (8) is provided.
PCT/EP2012/004972 2011-12-23 2012-12-01 Method for joining motor vehicle components WO2013091774A1 (en)

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