WO2013089456A1

WO2013089456A1 - Simple waveguide power supply network, and planar waveguide antenna therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2013089456A1
Application number: PCT/KR2012/010846
Authority: WO
Inventors: 정경환; 김주완; 정한두
Original assignee: 주식회사 마이크로페이스
Priority date: 2011-12-13
Filing date: 2012-12-13
Publication date: 2013-06-20
Also published as: KR20130066906A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a planar antenna waveguide power supply network and to a planar antenna using the power supply network, and further, to a waveguide antenna power supply network which is disposed in a space between a horn array antenna device and another device, which is a waveguide power supply network consisting of only an E-plane T distributor, an E-plane bend, and an H-plane bend, and which consists of: an E-plane front power supply network unit consisting of a first port, a plurality of second ports, a plurality of E-plane T distributors, and E-plane bends; an H-plane power supply network unit consisting of only H-plane bends; and a rear power supply network unit consisting of a plurality of E-plane T distributors and E-plane bends. The invention also relates to a planar single-rotation polarized-wave antenna and to a planar dual-rotation polarized-wave antenna that use the power supply network.

Description

Amendment according to Rule 26.02.2013 Simple waveguide feeder network and flat waveguide antenna thereof

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waveguide feeder network of a planar antenna and a planar waveguide antenna using the waveguide feeder network.

Microwaves with electromagnetic waves in the range of lmm to lm of radio frequency, including ultra-high frequency (UHF) of 0.1 to 1 meter (m), are extremely short wave and radar during World War II. The use was activated by the development of

An antenna is a passive element that emits or receives electromagnetic waves. Although there are various types of antennas, parabolic antennas have been mainly used for communication and broadcast reception at microwave band frequencies. Parabola antenna is a reflector antenna with a high-direction reflector and is simple in structure, but it is used a lot. In addition, since the appearance is not good, the use of a flat panel antenna is increasing as a substitute.

The flat panel antenna arranges the elements of small antennas, distributes and radiates the power from the feed port to each antenna element through the feeder network, and can be designed in various sizes according to the arrangement method of the antenna elements. Designs can be made in different numbers so that performance is asymmetrical and reduced in height. Antennas mainly used as flat antennas can be divided into microstrip and waveguide antennas based on a feed grid. A microstrip antenna is a type of antenna that implements a feed network and a plurality of arrayed antenna elements by microstrip. A waveguide type flat antenna uses a waveguide feeder network and feeds through the waveguide to the arranged slot radiating element or horn antenna elements. It is an antenna.

A waveguide is a type of transmission line that transmits electromagnetic waves (hereinafter referred to as 'electromagnetic waves') of frequency in the microwave (MICROWAVE) band of 1 GHz or more, and is formed of an electrical conductor or metalized material such as iron or copper. The electromagnetic wave is to be transmitted inside. The waveguide has a kind of high-pass filter, and electromagnetic waves of longer wavelength than the cutoff wavelength are not transmitted. The waveguide is a hollow metal tube, and the fundamental mode of the wavelength transmitted in the tube is determined by the size of the waveguide. It has a constant cutoff wavelength.

In general, low-frequency signals are transmitted through two copper wires, which are conductors. However, high-frequency signals increase conductor losses due to surface effects of conductors and dielectric losses due to surrounding insulation.

The waveguide transmits the electromagnetic wave while reflecting it between the walls of the internal wall, so there is little loss (attenuation). It is suitable for transmission lines for transmitting high-power microwaves by blocking noise from the outside and preventing unnecessary external radiation of the electromagnetic wave. The cross section has various shapes such as round, square, elliptical.

The problem with the microstrip feed grid is that the gain of the antenna is relatively low due to line losses. The waveguide feed network has a lower transmission loss than the microstrip feed grid.

The feed strip of the microstrip type is formed in a pattern on the plane of the circuit board, whereas the feed waveguide structure has a three-dimensional structure due to the nature of the waveguide. Depending on the number of polarizations that are received or transmitted, a single polarized antenna that receives only one of horizontal and vertical polarizations, or only one of left handed circular polarization (LHCP) or right handed circular polarization (RHCP), There are dual linear polarizations that receive both vertical polarizations and dual circular polarizations that receive both left and right circular polarizations. In order to be a dual polarized antenna, a waveguide pipe structure of two layers may be formed.

The structure of waveguide feeder network is largely divided into E-Plane type and H-Plane type. E-plane type structure includes E-plane T distributor and E-plane bend. H-Plane type structure includes H-Plane T distributor and H-Plane Bend. In the case of feeders consisting of waveguides, they are mostly constructed by a combination of these structures. And some of the complex shapes of these structures are used.

E-plane bend refers to the bending structure in which the long axis of the waveguide remains in a plane parallel to the plane of the vector of the electric field as the waveguide is bent.

H-Plane Bend refers to the bending structure in which the long axis of the waveguide remains in a plane parallel to the plane of the magnetic field vector as the waveguide is bent.

An E-Plane T junction refers to a T junction in which all of the conduits of the waveguide have parallel planes and vectors of the electric field, including all axes in the direction in which the conduits extend.

The H-plane T junction refers to a T junction in the orthogonal plane of the electric field and the plane including all axes in the direction in which the conduit extends in all the conduits of the waveguide.

Recently, waveguides have been commercialized for dual polarized antennas as well as single polarized antennas. Most of these products are mainly used for the feeder network of flat array antennas consisting of a combination of E-Plane T distributors and E-Plane Bends. For example, US 4,743,915 describes a structure for feeding four horn antenna elements which are widely used in recent years. In this method, all waveguide class are connected by E-Plane T distributor and E-Plane Bend only. An example in which an E-Plane waveguide method is applied to both layers in a linearly polarized antenna is shown in Korean Patent 10-0801030. The limitation of this method is easily applicable to linearly polarized antennas, but it is difficult to apply if the feeder of the antenna element to be connected is located below the antenna element. In the case of a rotationally polarized antenna including a diaphragm polarizer, the feeder ports of the left and right polarized waves are located on the same side of the lower side of the antenna element.

In the waveguide class described in US Pat. No. 6,563,398 B1, an E-plane T divider, an E-Plane Bend, an H-Plane T divider, and an H-Plane Bend structure are all used, but an E-Plane T divider and two E-Planes. Bend is characterized by one set, two H-Plane Bends and H-Plane T-distributors to form a number of pipelines. According to this feed grid method, the layout of the entire feed grid is not formed mainly in one layer, but whenever the H-Plane assembly and the E-Plane assembly are repeated, that is, from the pipeline of the E-Plane Bend to the H-Plane T divider, or Whenever the pipe is connected from the E-Plane distributor to the H-Plane Bend from the E-Plane T distributor, vertically connected pipes are generated, and when the waveguide pipes are designed to be connected to the upper and lower layers repeatedly by this vertical pipe, In order to realize the shape as a mold, the vertical pipe part should be separated into three parts, and the shape of the part to which the gradient should be applied due to the mold characteristics is generated. Therefore, from the E-Plane Bend's pipe to the H-Plane T distributor, or E -In the plane distributor, the connection from the E-Plane T distributor to the H-Plane Bend is likely to cause a loss depending on the product combination design. Therefore, it is advantageous that the waveguide structure is generated so that the shape of the vertical structure is as small as possible.

It overcomes the problem of difficult to feed to the lower side of the antenna element, which is a problem of the waveguide feeder structure composed of only the E-Plane T distributor and the E-Plane Bend, which are used in the prior art, and also the conventional H-Plane waveguide feeder and E-Plane feeder. The performance of the feeder network that can occur during mass production through the mold by minimizing the use of the H-plane structure for the loss caused by the vertical connection of the feeder network, which is a problem of the waveguide feeder network of the hybrid method. Minimizes losses and proposes a structure in which a portion that is efficiently fed to the antenna element can be fed to the side or the bottom of the antenna element.

The present invention devised to achieve the above object,

In the waveguide feeder

a) a first port; b) a plurality of second ports disposed in one direction; c) It consists of N sets of constant integers. The first set is one E-Plane T divider consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a constant angle with the common pipe, and the common pipe of the E-Plane T divider of the first set is It is connected to one port, and each set consists of a combination of E-Plane T-distributors consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with a common pipe, and a combination of E-Plane Bends that meet at a certain angle with the second pipe. The sum of the number of the E-Plane T dividers and the E-Plane Bends is at least two, and when n is an integer value between 2 and any integer N, the n-th set of E-Plane T dividers is n. The common conduits of and the first conduits of E-Plane Bend are connected to the sub conduits of the n-th set of E-Plane T distributors or the second conduits of E-Plane Bend. Of the second conduit of the nth set of E-Plane Bend All the same flavor direction E-Plane-wide feed mangbu; d) consists of H-Plane Bend, which is at an angle to the first line and meets the second line, with the second line of E-Plane Bend of the nth set of the E-Plane front feeder and the first line of H-Plane Bend. H-Plane power supply network unit connected to each other, constituting the N + 1 th set; e) Consists of a combination of E-Plane T distributors and E-Plane Bends, the common pipelines of the E-Plane T distributor and the first channels of E-Plane Bend, respectively, the second of H-Plane Bend in the H-Plane feeder. It is connected to each of the conduits, the E-Plane second feeder constituting the N + 2 second set; proposes a waveguide feeder characterized in that consisting of.

At least one of an E-plane bend and an H-plane bend between a common conduit of the first set of E-plane T dividers of the first set of the E-plane full-scale feed networks and the first port More than one may be included.

In the latter E-plane feeder network, the secondary pipes of the E-plane T dividers of the N + 2 th set and the second pipes of the E-plane bends respectively propose a structure connected to the second ports, respectively.

In the second E-plane feeder, the N + 2th rear end includes an N + 3rd set consisting of only E-Plane Bends, and the first conduit of each E-Plane Bend is an N + 2th E-Plane T distributor. And the second conduits of the N + 2th E-Plane Bends and the second conduits of the N + 3th E-Plane Bends, respectively, are proposed to be connected to the second ports.

In addition, the second port is proposed to the waveguide feed network, characterized in that connected to each of the antenna elements.

In addition, in the planar horn array antenna,

The waveguide feeder network is a first waveguide feeder network, and an antenna element including a feeder portion and a horn portion composed of a partition portion, a first feed port, and a second feed port for converting linearly polarized waves into rotational polarization is arranged at regular intervals. And a plurality of antenna elements, wherein the first feed ports of the respective antenna elements are connected to the second ports of the first waveguide feed network, respectively.

When the second waveguide feeder network is coupled to the second feed port, and the last waveguide structure connected to the second feed port includes only E-plane Bend, the remaining waveguide structures are H-Plane T distributor and H-Plane Bend. In the case where the final waveguide structure connected to the feeder network consisting of the second feed port and the H-plane bend is composed of only the H-plane bend, the feeder network consisting of the E-Plane T distributor and the E-Plane Bend is proposed.

Since the waveguide structure uses only E-Plane T distributor, E-Plane Bend, and H-Plane Bend structures, which are frequently used, the design is very easy and simple, and it can be transformed into various kinds of feed networks. Since the number of the upper and lower connections is small, it is possible to develop a planar antenna which reduces the possibility of loss. In addition, when designing a planar satellite antenna using the feeder network according to the present invention, a feeder network may be disposed between the antenna element and the antenna element to make a thin flat antenna. In addition, it is possible to configure a waveguide feeder network and an antenna capable of receiving two polarized waves simultaneously.

1 is a perspective view showing an E-Plane Bend.

2 is a perspective view showing an H-plane Bend.

3 is a perspective view showing an E-plane T distributor.

4 is a perspective view showing an H-Plane T distributor.

5 is a simplified schematic illustrating E-Plane Bend.

6 is a simplified diagram showing an H-plane Bend.

7 is a schematic diagram showing an E-plane T distributor.

8 is a simplified diagram showing an H-Plane T distributor.

9-16 are perspective views of embodiments of a waveguide feeder network in accordance with the present invention.

17 is a perspective view of a waveguide feeder network to which a gradient is applied as an embodiment of the waveguide feeder network according to the present invention;

Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing a reversed-phase projection of a rotary polarization horn antenna element including a diaphragm polarizer.

19 is a perspective view of a rotating polarized horn antenna element including a diaphragm polarizer.

20 is a reversed top perspective view of a single rotary polarization horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer fed to a waveguide feeder network according to the present invention. FIG. 21 is a single rotation including a diaphragm polarizer fed to a waveguide feeder network according to the present invention. Reversed top perspective view of a polarized horn array antenna.

22 is a perspective view of a single rotating polarized horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer fed to the waveguide feeder network according to the present invention.

Figure 23 is an exploded perspective view of a single rotary polarization horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer fed to the waveguide feeder network in accordance with the present invention.

24 is a reverse phase exploded perspective view of a dual rotating polarization horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer further coupled to form a second waveguide feeder network mainly with an H-plane structure according to the present invention.

25 is an exploded perspective view of a dual rotary polarization horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer further coupled to form a second waveguide feeder network mainly with an H-plane structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is an inverted exploded perspective view of a dual rotary polarization horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer further coupled by forming a second waveguide feeder network mainly with an E-plane structure according to the present invention. FIG.

27 is an exploded perspective view of a dual rotary polarization horn array antenna including a diaphragm polarizer further coupled to form a second waveguide feeder network mainly with an E-plane structure according to the present invention.

Waveguides are structures in the form of pipes having a square (spherical), circular or elliptical or other shaped cross section. The waveguide may transmit or induce electromagnetic waves through the internal space. The cross section of the waveguide feeder network of the present invention may basically have a round shape in a square or corner.

The structure of the feeder network of the present invention uses an E-plane bend, an E-plane T divider, and an H-plane bend structure.

In the E-Plane Bend or E-Plane T distributor structure, the direction of the electric field of the first conduit or the common conduit and the direction of the electric field vector in the second conduit or the sub conduit are different. In the H-Plane Bend or E-Plane T distributor structure, the direction of the electric field vector in the first conduit or common conduit and the direction of the electric field vector in the second conduit or subconduit are the same. This feature makes it possible to distinguish between an E-Plane structure and an H-Plane structure.

The propagation mode of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide indicates a pattern of electric and magnetic fields of the electromagnetic waves. The propagation mode of electromagnetic waves includes TE (Transverse Electric), TM, and TEM modes. The TE mode refers to a propagation mode in which the magnitude of the electric field vector in the propagation direction is 0, and the TM mode refers to a propagation mode in which the magnitude of the magnetic field vector in the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave is 0. In the TEM mode, both the magnitude of the electric field vector and the magnitude of the magnetic field vector are zero with respect to the traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave. This is the case where electromagnetic waves propagate through free space or propagate through coaxial cables. When classifying TE mode, as in TE mn, the integers m and n are added after TE, where m is the number of half-wavelengths in the direction of the waveguide in the direction of the width (b), and n is the waveguide height (a). The number of half-waves in the direction is shown. In the rectangular waveguide used in the present invention

Mode is used.

Waveguides have the same properties as high-frequency filters, so that frequencies below a certain frequency (hereinafter referred to as cutoff frequency) cannot pass, depending on the dimensions of the cross-section of the waveguide.

1 shows an E-Plane Bend, and FIG. 2 shows an H-Plane Bend. Both the E-Plane Bend and the H-Plane Bend are essentially two perpendicular to each other, but in some cases they can be modified to have any angle. In Fig. 1, a is a dimension perpendicular to the direction of the electric field of the inner wall when viewing the cross section of the waveguide, and b is a dimension of the direction parallel to the direction of the electric field of the inner wall of the dimension of the cross section of the waveguide. In a rectangular waveguide structure, it is usually indicated in the drawings as having a relationship of a> b. In FIG. 3, the directions of a and b are the same as in FIG. 1, where the long axis of the rectangular waveguide is a and the short axis is b.

According to the dimension of the long axis a of the rectangular waveguide, the wavelength λc of the cutoff frequency is calculated by the following equation. Therefore, electromagnetic waves having a wavelength greater than twice the length (a) of the long axis do not enter the waveguide and cannot pass.

λc = 2 a

In general, the wavelength in the waveguide is longer than the wavelength of the propagating electromagnetic wave in free space. The wavelength in free space

The blocking wavelength of the waveguide

Intraductal wavelength when

May be expressed by the following equation.

In the waveguide, the operating frequency of the waveguide is determined by the length a of the long axis of the waveguide cross section. According to the waveguide notation established by the Electronic Industry Association (EIA), waveguide specifications consist of WR (abbreviation of Waveguide Rectangular) or WC (abbreviation of Waveguide Circular) letters and a certain number. Diameter is multiplied by 100 in inches. For example, the WR75 has a length of 0.75 inches, a = 19.05 mm, and the operating frequency is 9.84 to 15 GHz. This frequency band includes frequencies for satellite broadcast reception or satellite communications.

3 and 4 show an E-Plane T divider and an H-Plane T divider, respectively. The E-Plane T distributor divides the phase of the electromagnetic waves by 180 degrees with respect to each other at the ports of the secondary pipe when the secondary pipes are symmetrical with each other. On the other hand, the H-Plane T distributor has the same phase of electromagnetic waves with respect to each other at the ports of the secondary pipe when the secondary pipes are symmetrical to each other. Depending on the structure used, the feed grid is formed while the phases are summed or canceled in the T divider. If a misfeeding grid is constructed, the phases are canceled and electromagnetic waves cannot be delivered at maximum efficiency.

When designing a waveguide feeder network, the design of the waveguide inner space, rather than the design of the waveguide shape, is designed and analyzed through antenna analysis programs such as MICROWAVE STUDIO and HFSS, and then the waveguide that surrounds the inner space is mainly used. . In order to express the waveguide feeder network easily, the internal structure of the waveguide can be expressed in terms of planes. This method represents only the plane perpendicular to the direction of the electric field in the shape of the internal space of the waveguide. The structure of the Bend and T distributor in this manner is as shown in Figs. Accordingly, the E-Plane Bend pipeline 31 of FIG. 1 is represented by being modified to 33 and 32 of FIG. 5. If one of pipeline 31 or pipeline 32 in FIG. 1 becomes the first pipeline of E-Plane Bend, the other pipeline becomes the second pipeline of E-Plane Bend.

Pipe lines

31 and 32 of FIG. 1 are represented by 33 and 34 of FIG. If one of pipeline 41 or pipeline 42 in FIG. 2 becomes the first pipeline of H-Plane Bend, the other pipeline becomes the second pipeline of H-Plane Bend.

Pipe lines

41 and 42 in FIG. 2 are correspondingly indicated by 43 and 44 in FIG.

Pipe lines

51, 52, and 53 in FIG. 3 are displayed corresponding to 54, 55, and 56 in FIG. 7, and 61, 62, and 63 in FIG. 4 are correspondingly represented as 64, 65 and 66 in FIG. 51 in FIG. 3 and 61 in FIG. 4 serve as common pipes, and the remaining 52, 53, 54, 55, 62, 63, 64, and 65 serve as an auxiliary pipe of an E-Plane T distributor or an H-Plane T distributor.

The waveguide feeder network according to the present invention is used as a feeder of a flat array antenna, and includes a first port, a plurality of second ports arranged in one direction, an E-Plane general feeder, an H-Plane Bend feeder, It consists of the latter part of the E-Plane feeder.

In a specific application example, FIG. 9 illustrates a basic configuration of a feeder network according to the present invention as a simplified display method of a waveguide feeder network. E-Plane T divider is indicated as E-Plane Junction (EJ) and E-Plane Bend as EB (E-Plane Bend). H-Plane T Junction (H-Plane T Junction) is described as HJ, H-Plane Bend as HB. In describing the structure of the waveguide feeder network, the first E-Plane T-distributor starting from the first port is defined as the first set, and the next waveguide structures are defined as the second set, thus indicating the Nth set. Can be. For example, the first set of waveguide feeder networks according to the present invention is defined as an E-Plane T distributor that meets for the first time starting from the first port. The E-plane T divider constituting the first set is indicated as EJ1. The second set is an E-Plane Bend or E-Plane T-distributor that connects to the subordinate routes of the first set, EJ1. EB2 and EJ2 become the second set. In this way, EJ3 and EB3 become the third set.

In FIG. 9, the number of sets of E-Plane propagation grids according to the present invention is three, that is, EJ1, EJ2, and EB3, and the remaining sets are HB4 and EJ5, and the total number of sets is five. The first E-Plane T distributor (EJ1), which meets the first port 10 and the waveguide, becomes the first set of the feeder network, and the secondary lines of the first set (EJ1) are the two E-Plane Ts, the second set (EJ2). It is connected to the common pipe of the distributor. The third set (EB3) consists of four and all consist of E-Plane Bend only, and the first line of each of the third set (EB3) is connected to the secondary line of the E-Plane T distributor of the second set (EJ2). . The first set (EJ1) to the third set (EB3) make up the entire E-Plane feed network. The second conduits of the third set (EB3) are all connected to H-Plane Bend. These H-Plane Bends constitute the N + 1th set, that is, the fourth set (HB4), and are all composed of H-Plane Bends only. The first conduits of the N + 1th set of H-Plane pipelines are connected to the second conduit of the N-th set of E-Plane Bend, and the second conduits of H-Bend form the N + 2th set which forms the latter part of the E-Plane feeder. That is, it is connected to the common pipeline of the 5th set of E-Plane T distributor. Sub-pipes of the fifth set EJ5 E-Plane T distributors are connected to the second ports 20. The secondary aisles of the N + 2 th set EJ5 of FIG. 9 are divided in opposite directions and the second ports 20 are located, which may be applied when the port is provided with a side feed port of the antenna element. .

In FIG. 10, instead of directly connecting the secondary ports of the last N + 2th set, that is, the fifth set (EJ5) of FIG. 9, the E-Plane which is the N + 3rd set, that is, the sixth set (EB6). The first conduit of Bend and the sub conduits of the fifth set (EJ5) are connected, and the second conduits of the E-Plane Bends forming the N + 3th set, that is, the sixth set, are connected to the second ports, respectively. In the case where E-Plane Bend, which is the last N + 3th set, is included as shown in FIG. 10, the feeding network of the antenna element is located below the antenna element.

In FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, two E-Plane Bends, which are not included in the waveguide feeder network, are included between the first port and the first E-Plane T distributor. These two E-Plane Bends (EB) do not play any role other than the direction of propagation in the middle from the first port to the first set of E-Plane T-distributors. Do not. H-plane bend may be included between the first set E-plane T divider (EJ1) in the port (10).

In Fig. 11, the N + 2th set EB7 is a feeder network composed of all E-Plane Bends. The characteristic of this feeder network is that the N + 2nd set (EB7) is all composed of E-Plane Bend, and the direction of the second pipe of EB7 is all pointing in the same direction. Also in FIG. 11, as in FIG. 9, a feeder network structure that can be applied when the position of the feeder port of the antenna element is located on the side.

In FIG. 12, E-plane bends are added to the N + 3th set in FIG. 11, so that the waveguide feeder network can be applied when the feed port of the antenna element is located below the antenna element.

In FIG. 13, the number N of the set of the E-Plane propagation feeder is 3, and the difference from FIG. 11 is that the connection direction of the second conduits of the E-Plane Bends in the configuration of the N + 2th set is opposite to each other. .

FIG. 13 may be applied to the case where the feeder port of the antenna element is located at the side of the antenna element, similar to FIGS. 9 and 11. As shown in Fig. 3, the first port may be connected to the end of the first line of the E-Plane Bend or the common line of the E-Plane T distributor, as in the case of 10, and may be formed in the first line of the H-Plane Bend as in the case of 30. .

In FIG. 14, the number N of three sets of E-Plane propagation grids is 3, and the difference from FIG. 13 is that the N + 3 sets are added to each other. It is possible configuration. FIG. 13 may be applied to the case where the feeder port of the antenna element is located at the side of the antenna element, similar to FIGS. 9 and 11.

In FIG. 15, as the feed network according to the present invention, the first set EJ1 from the E-Plane T divider to the seventh set EB7 is the E-Plane general feed network unit, and thus the number of sets of E-Plane general feed network units N. Is 7. The N + 1 th set are all H-Plane Bends and are denoted by HB8 in the figure. In the latter E-Plane feeder, the N + 2th feeder consists of E-Plane Bends and E-Plane T-distributors and is labeled EJ9 or EB9. The N + 3 feeder is composed entirely of E-Plane Bends, all marked EB10.

16 is an antenna diagram designed according to the present invention, which shows a feeder structure applied when the number of second ports is 32. Referring to FIG.

FIG. 17 illustrates an inner space of a waveguide through which radio waves pass in an actual implementation shape of the waveguide feeder network according to the present invention, and is an example of a feeder network for a planar waveguide antenna constructed using the WR75 waveguide standard. Referring to Fig. 17, a line is formed on the side of the waveguide, which is called a parting surface, and is a line formed by applying a gradient to a rectangle by applying a gradient in consideration of a mold. Therefore, in order to realize the waveguide feeder network with a mold, a gradient must be applied to the separated shapes so that the waveguides are symmetrical with each other at a predetermined position in one direction of the cross-section of the waveguide, mostly in the center position, and the waveguides are symmetrical with each other. In the case of Fig. 17, the E-Plane front feeder is the case where the parting surface 41 is formed at the midpoint of the waveguide's long axis in the waveguide section, and the EB10 and the 11th set are the tenth set in the E-Plane feeder. This is the case where the parting surface 42 is formed in the middle part of the uniaxial direction of the waveguide cross section between EB11.

FIG. 18 is an inverted phase of the shape of an antenna element to be connected to a waveguide feeder designed in accordance with the present invention, shown in FIG. As the antenna element, a horn 110 antenna including a septum polarizer 200 was used. The diaphragm polarizer 200 serves to convert linear polarization into rotational polarization. The diaphragm polarizer itself generates two rotational polarizations, that is, two feeders capable of generating left circular polarization (LHCP) and right circular polarization (RHCP), respectively. The

ports

210 and 220 are provided. The diaphragm polarizer 200 has a shape in which the diaphragm divides the inside of the rectangular tube shape at a predetermined ratio, and one side of the diaphragm 130 reaches to an upper end of one side of the rectangular cylindrical shape, and the other side of the diaphragm is one side of the diaphragm 130. It is structured to touch the lower side opposite to. The

feed ports

210 and 220 are formed on the left and right sides of the diaphragm 130, and when the electromagnetic waves travel in the horn direction from the feed port, rotation polarization is generated. In the case of the horn antenna having the diaphragm polarizer, two feed ports are positioned side by side under the antenna element, and in FIG. 20, only one port thereof is connected to the second port 20 of the waveguide feeder network structure according to the present invention.

The actual shape of the antenna element of FIG. 18 can be seen in FIG.

20 to 23 show that when using the waveguide feeder network according to the present invention, a single polarized antenna can be easily configured using only the first polarization port of the two feed ports of the antenna element. In this case, since the waveguide feeder network is disposed between the antenna element and the antenna element, the thickness of the flat antenna is reduced. When the antenna is configured using only the first polarization port, a single rotating polarized wave type flat waveguide antenna is used. When the second polarized wave is used to form a waveguide feeder network, a dual rotating polarized wave type flat waveguide antenna is used.

FIG. 20 illustrates a method of forming a waveguide when a mold and a mock-up are manufactured as a method of generating a waveguide feeder network. The waveguide is formed by separating the upper part of the waveguide into the upper panel 160 and the lower panel 170 by the upper and lower plates. At this time, in the case of manufacturing a mold, the angle formed by the inner sidewall and the bottom of the waveguide in addition to the angle of the angle is not necessary to the angle of 90 degrees additionally 1 to 5 degrees draft angle 150 is required.

21 is a perspective view from below of an array antenna to which a waveguide feeder network designed in accordance with the present invention is connected; 21 shows a case of a single polarization antenna using only the first polarization port. The second feeding port 190 of the feeding port of the antenna element is a feeding port which is blocked or penetrated without being used and is not used. In FIG. 21, the second ports of the waveguide feeder network are not shown connected to the first feed ports of the antenna elements, but the port of the antenna element connected to the second conduit of the eleventh set (EB11) of the waveguide feeder network is the first feed port. . The line dividing the top and bottom of the pipe into two lines is because there is a parting line for mold manufacturing when the antenna is manufactured.

Using the shape data of FIG. 22, the antenna performance can be easily verified through an antenna analysis program such as HFSS or MWS. The antenna body 100 may be operated as an antenna when not only metal such as brass, aluminum, iron, etc., but also made of metal coated plastic or conductive material. When making mass-produced products, a method of plating plastic injection moldings is widely used. As illustrated in FIG. 22, since a plurality of three-dimensional shapes are included therein, direct manufacturing may not be possible. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 23, the planar array antenna including the waveguide feeder network is divided into several panels by using the middle part of the waveguide as the parting surface, and the feeder network and the antenna element structure are processed to produce the combined parts. This completes the antenna. Referring to FIG. 23, four panels are separated to form a single rotary polarization flat antenna. And a first panel 101 to a fourth panel 104. The first panel 101 belongs to a mixed portion of the antenna elements, and is a space formed by attaching the second panel 102 and the third panel 103 to each other. An upper portion 121 and a lower portion 123 of the diaphragm polarizer portion of the antenna elements are formed, and the diaphragm 133 is disposed separately from the second panel and the third panel. The fourth panel includes reflectors 131 and 132 of EB10 and EB11, which are E-Plane Bends of the first E-Plane rear feeder, which belong to the first waveguide feeder.

24 and 25 show an example of configuring a dual rotary polarization antenna using a waveguide feeder network according to the present invention. FIG. 24 is a second waveguide feed network composed of only an H-Plane T distributor and an H-Plane Bend structure conventionally used for the second feed port 190, which is not used in the structure of the single-rotation polarization antenna shown in FIGS. It is a dual rotary polarization flat type antenna which is further connected. In the lower waveguide feeder, the waveguide feeder that is started at the third port 310 is sequentially connected to HB2, HJ3, HJ4, HB5, and finally to EB6 via the HJ1 and to the fourth ports 320. A second waveguide feeder network 300 is formed. The fourth ports of the second waveguide feeder network are connected to the second feed ports of the antenna elements, respectively, to form a dual rotating polarized flat plate antenna.

24 shows that the first waveguide feeder is coupled to the antenna elements and the second feeder feeder is further coupled. The first feed ports and the third feed port 310 of the second feed grid start from the first set (HJ1) H-Plane T distributor in the waveguide feed network configuration to the fifth set (HB5) H-Plane Bend. H-plane T distributors to H_plane Bends were used. The second feed port 190 of the antenna element is connected to the fourth port 320 of the second feed network 300 to form a dual rotary polarization flat waveguide antenna. FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which the antenna element and the feeder network are connected in such a manner that the shape is reversed and then separated into various panels to enable actual manufacture. In FIG. 24, only the last waveguide structure in the configuration of the second feeder network includes E-Plane Bend. However, when it is difficult to form the waveguide feeder network in the same layer in the design of the waveguide, the H-Plane T distributor or In addition to the H-Plane Bend, two E-plane Bend structures may be inserted for each different layer.

In FIG. 25, in the configuration of FIG. 23, a fifth panel 405 is added in addition to the first panel 401 to the fourth panel 404, and the first panel includes a horn of the antenna element, a second panel, and a third panel. The first waveguide feeder and the diaphragm polarization portion of the antenna element, the fourth panel and the fifth panel includes a second waveguide feeder. A conduit for connecting the second feed port of the antenna element and the fourth port of the second feed network is indicated at 410 in the fourth panel.

In FIG. 26, a feed part 510 including a reverse part of the structure of the waveguide antenna is formed by a horn part 110 of the antenna element, a diaphragm polarizer part of the antenna element, a first feed port 512, and a second feed port 511. It is shown separately.

FIG. 27 is a coupling diagram of the antenna shown in FIG. 26 separately.

While the invention has been described in detail only with respect to the described embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations are possible within the spirit of the invention, and such modifications and variations belong to the appended claims.

The waveguide feeder is a feeder that can deliver microwave signals with less loss than other antennas. The waveguide feeder is manufactured in the form of a linearly polarized antenna designed to stack flat metalized plastic panels that use waveguides as feeders. Recently, it is widely used as an antenna for receiving general satellite broadcasting for military use, and the waveguide feeding network of the present invention can be used for various types of horn array flat antennas or slot array flat antennas.

Claims

In the waveguide feeder,
a) a first port;
b) a plurality of second ports disposed in one direction;
c) It consists of N sets of constant integers. The first set is one E-Plane T divider consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with the common pipe. The common pipe of the E-Plane T divider of the first set is It is connected to one port, and the other set consists of the E-Plane T-distributor consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with the common pipe, and the combination of the E-Plane Bends that meet the second pipe at a certain angle with the first pipe. The sum of the number of E-plane T dividers and E-plane bends is at least two,
Let n be any integer between 2 and any integer N, the common conduits of the n-th set of E-Plane T distributors and the first conduits of the E-Plane Bend are the n--1 set of E-Plane Ts. E-Plane Bend's secondary conduits, or the second conduits of the E-Plane Bend, are all composed of E-Plane Bend only, and the E-Plane Bend's second conduits of the Nth set are all in the same direction. Plane-wide power grid;
d) H-Plane Bend, which is at an angle to the first line and meets the second line, consists of the second line of the E-Plane Bend of the Nth set of the E-Plane front feeder and the first line of the H-Plane Bend. H-Plane power supply network unit which is connected to each, and constitutes the N + 1st set, the direction of the second conduit of each H-Plane Bend is the same direction;
e) The common conduits of the E-Plane T distributor and the first conduits of the E-Plane Bend, consisting of a combination of E-Plane T distributors and E-Plane Bends and constituting the N + 2th set, are each H-Plane class. A waveguide feeder network comprising: a rear feeder of the E-Plane, each connected to the second conduits of the H-Plane Bend of the projection.
The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of E-Plane Bend, H-Plane Bend is arranged in series between the common line of the first set of E-Plane T distributor of the E-Plane propagation network and the first port And at least one of them.
2. The E-plane back feeder of claim 1, wherein the sub-pipes of each of the E + plane T distributors of the N + 2 th set and the second conduits of the E-plane Bends respectively connect with the second ports, respectively. Waveguide feeder characterized in that the.
The propagation mode of the waveguide feeder network is
Modular waveguide feeder
4. The waveguide feeder network of claim 3, wherein the second ports are connected to antenna elements, respectively.
2. The E-plane late feeder of claim 1, further comprising an N + 3 th set consisting only of E-Plane Bends, wherein the first conduit of each E-Plane Bend of the N + 3 th set is N The second conduits of the + 2th E-Plane T distributors and the second conduits of the N + 2 E-Plane Bends are respectively connected to the second conduits of the N + 3 E-Plane Bends, respectively. A waveguide feeder, characterized in that.
The propagation mode of the waveguide feeder network is
Modular waveguide feeder
The waveguide feeder network of claim 6, wherein the second ports are connected to antenna elements, respectively.
In the planar horn array antenna,
a) a first port;
b) a plurality of second ports disposed in one direction;
c) E-Plane T divider consisting of N sets of constant integers, the first set consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with one common pipe, and the common pipe of the E-Plane T divider of the first set. Connected to the port, the other set consists of a combination of E-Plane T distributors consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with a common pipe, and a combination of E-Plane Bends that meet with the second pipe at a constant angle with the first pipe. The sum of the number of plane T dividers and the E-plane bends is at least two,
Given an integer value between 2 and any integer N, n, the common conduits of the n-th set of E-Plane T distributors and the first conduits of the E-Plane Bend are the n--1 set of E-Plane Ts. Connected to the distributor's secondary lines or the second line of E-Plane Bend, the Nth set is all composed of E-Plane Bend only, the first line of which the second line of the N-th set of E-Plane Bend is all in the same direction E-Plane general feeder;
d) H-Plane Bend, which is at an angle to the first line and meets the second line, consists of the second line of the E-Plane Bend of the Nth set of the E-Plane front feeder and the first line of the H-Plane Bend. Respectively connected to the first H-Plane feed grid unit constituting the N + 1 th set, wherein the directions of the second conduits of the respective H-Plane Bends are all in the same direction;
e) Consists of a combination of E-Plane T distributors and E-Plane Bends, the common pipelines of the E-Plane T distributor and the first channels of E-Plane Bend, respectively, the second of H-Plane Bend in the H-Plane feeder. It is connected to the pipelines, respectively, and constitutes the N + 2th set, and the N + 3rd set consists of only the E-Plane Bends, and the first line of each E-Plane Bend is the deputy of the E-Plane T distributors of the N + 2th set. The first E-Plane latter feeder, which is connected to the second conduits of the furnaces or the N + 2th set of E-Plane Bends, respectively, and the second conduits of the N + 3th E-Plane Bends, respectively, to the second ports. A first waveguide feeder including;
And a plurality of antenna elements arranged at regular intervals, the antenna elements including a partition wall portion for converting linearly polarized waves into rotation polarizations, a feed portion including a first feed port and a second feed port, and a horn portion. And a first feed port of the antenna elements is connected to the second ports of the first waveguide feed network, respectively.
The method according to claim 9,
a) a third port; b) a plurality of fourth ports,
c) H-Plane T divider consisting of K sets of constant integers, the first set consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with one common pipe, and the common pipe of the H-Plane T divider with the third port and The remaining set consists of H-Plane T-distributors consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with a common pipe, and a combination of H-Plane Bends that meet at a certain angle with the second pipe and meet with the second pipe. The sum of the number of T distributors and H-plane bends is at least two,
Assuming any integer value between 2 and any integer K is k, the common conduits of the H-Plane T divider of the k th set and the first conduits of the H-Plane Bend of the k th set are the k-1 th set. Connected to the secondary conduits of the E-Plane T-distributor of H-Plane Bend of the k-1th set, all of which consist of H-Plane Bend only, and the second of the H-Plane Bend of the Kth set. A second H-plane feed network unit in which all the directions of the pipe lines are the same direction;
2nd E-Plane late feeder, consisting of the E-Plane Bend forming a certain angle with the first pipeline and meeting the second pipeline, constituting the K + 1st set;
The first conduits of the E-Plane Bend of the second E-Plane back feeder are connected to the second conduits of the H-Plane Bend of the K-th set of the second H-Plane front feeder, respectively. A second waveguide feeder is further included, characterized in that the directions of the second conduits of each of the E-Plane Bends of the second feeder of the plane are all in the same direction.
And the second feed ports of the antenna elements are connected to a second conduit of K + 1 th E-plane bends, respectively.
The method according to claim 9,
a) third port;
b) a plurality of fourth ports,
c) E-Plane T divider consisting of M sets of constant integers, the first set being the first E-Plane T divider, and the remaining sets each consisting of two sub-pipes that meet at a certain angle with the common pipeline. Composed of a combination of the E-Plane Bends at an angle to the pipeline and meet the second pipeline, the sum of the number of the E-Plane T distributors and the E-Plane Bends is at least two,
Let m be any integer between 2 and M. The common conduits of the m-th set of E-Plane T distributors and the first conduits of the E-Plane Bend are the m-th set of E-Plane Ts. Connected to the distributor's secondary lines or to the second line of E-Plane Bend, the Mth set consists of all E-Plane Bend only, and the second E of the M-set of E-Plane Bend's second line is all in the same direction. -Plane overall feeder;
It consists of H-Plane Bend which forms an angle with the first pipeline and meets the second pipeline, and the second pipelines of the E-Plane Bend of the M-th set of the E-Plane general feeder network and the first pipelines of the H-Plane Bend. A second H-plane feed network unit connected to each other and constituting an M + 1 th set, in which the directions of the second conduits of the respective H-plane bends are all in the same direction;
And a second waveguide feeder network comprising a second waveguide feed network, wherein the second feed ports of the antenna elements are connected to the second conduits of the M + 1 th H-Plane Bends, respectively.