WO2013086651A1

WO2013086651A1 - Wave filtering shock insulation pad

Info

Publication number: WO2013086651A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/002087
Authority: WO
Inventors: 娄霓
Original assignee: Leu Niee
Priority date: 2011-12-13
Filing date: 2011-12-13
Publication date: 2013-06-20

Abstract

A wave filtering shock insulation pad is disposed between a bottom column and a box fundamental plane of a building structure, and is formed by three quenching steel plates with convex-concave fitting arc surfaces and bearing steel balls. The three quenching steel plates are a top seat (1), a middle movable plate (5), and a bottom seat (9) from top to bottom. Two layers of bearing steel balls (2, 6) containing rubber balls of a certain proportion and two layers of balance compensation rings (4, 8) are disposed among the three quenching steel plates. Four spring-steel wire rope combinations connect the top seat (1), the upper balance compensation ring (4), the middle movable plate (5), the lower balance compensation ring (8), and the bottom seat (9) in series, so as to fix them. The shock insulation pad enables a horizontal motion force during the earthquake to be converted to a rolling frictional force at the instant when the horizontal motion force is transferred to the top base (1) from the bottom base (9), thereby avoiding damage.

Description

Filter isolation pad

0001 release force full reset filter isolation pad generated technical background. The current earthquake disaster prevention measures, and targets still have a large ^ a huge. Defending and mitigating earthquake disasters, protecting people's lives and property, and promoting sustainable economic and social development are the targets for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction as defined in the General Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Earthquake Preparedness and Disaster Reduction. "Earthquake monitoring and forecasting, earthquake damage prevention, emergency rescue and "Restoration and Reconstruction" is the "Anti-earthquake and Disaster Reduction Law of the People's Republic of "When subjected to multiple earthquakes that are lower than the seismic fortification intensity of the region, the main structure shall not be damaged or repaired without further maintenance; when subjected to the fortification earthquake equivalent to the seismic fortification intensity of the region, damage may occur, ΙΙ δ - General repairs can continue to be applied; when subjected to the rare earthquakes that are higher than the seismic fortification intensity in the region, they will not collapse or cause serious damages that are life-threatening. "The seismic design code for buildings GB50011-2010 determines the seismic fortification target. It is similar to the "three-level" seismic fortification determined by "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" GB50011-2001, "The earthquake is not down, the earthquake can be repaired, and the small earthquake is harmless." To achieve the goal of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation, it is necessary to improve the waterproofing of the earthquake-resistant buildings of the Pakistani buildings to "the earthquake is harmless." Because the earthquake occurs deep underground, the long-term accumulation of ground stress in the depth of the underground - the complexity of the sudden release of background conditions is invisible, intangible, and impossible to simulate experimental research. Therefore, humans cannot accurately grasp the law of earthquake occurrence. . The damage to the ground buildings caused by the earthquake is visible and tangible, and the law can be studied through simulation experiments. In the "Anti-earthquake and Disaster Reduction Law", "emergency rescue" and "recovery as" are post-disaster passive measures. "Earthquake monitoring and forecasting" and "earthquake defense" are pre-disaster initiative measures. Although China's earthquake monitoring and forecasting research is among the world's leading, from the national level to the earthquake-prone province (巿) autonomous region level, the prefecture (巿) district level, county (city) district-level organization and digital precursor monitors and computers The networked data ^ a system and the township (town) macro anomaly liaison system are perfect. The location, time and magnitude corresponding to the earthquake occurrence account for about 10% of the total forecast. It is difficult to accurately predict the aftershock occurrence after tracking and monitoring the aftershocks in the earthquake site. The time and magnitude of the earthquake, so that emergency rescue after the occurrence of a large earthquake is often at high risk. The 10% rate of i3Z^3⁄4 is not enough as a basis for issuing a notice of avoidance and avoidance, nor is it a law to follow. Earthquake damage prevention includes structural earthquake resistance, shock absorption, isolation and avoidance of seismic activity faults and seismic hazard site measures. These measures are quite different from the targets for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

Confirmation However, it is an inspection and continuous improvement measure. The seismic damage intensity is up to 12 degrees, the earthquake ground motion period is up to 2 seconds, the structural seismic fortification intensity is up to 9 degrees, and the site seismic fortification characteristic period is at most 0.90 seconds. The damage greater than or equal to ii degrees to 12 degrees is defined as irresistible, can only take the seismic active fault zone damage, and the damage intensity is greater than 9 degrees to less than 11 degrees and the site positive period is greater than 0.90 seconds to 2 seconds. It is a seismic fortification blank. The general buildings are all ground structures and underground foundations and foundations. When the earthquake occurs, the ground motion energy can be transmitted to the buildings, and the buildings are earthquake-resistant and the damage is caused by the earthquake. The collapse and collapse of buildings caused by earthquakes mainly come from the shearing action and resonance of the horizontal movement of the ground. The People's Republic of China "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings", from the 89 specification to the 2001 specification, the 2010 regulations are mainly for the ground seismic horizontal movement. In the case of designing the seismic strength of building structures within 9 degrees, the vertical seismic action has less damage to the building structure, and the near-shock range is increased by 10%. The seismic isolation measures are used to compensate the application of the vibration isolation and shock absorbers. Earthquake damage _β- isolator has rubber steel plate laminated shock isolation pad, lead rubber rubber plate laminated shock isolation pad, high damping laminated rubber isolation pad, elastoplastic (hysteresis type) shock absorber, oil Pressure shock absorbers, viscous shock absorbers, viscoelastic shock absorbers, friction dampers and filter isolation pads. The rubber isolation pad is the only one that is included in the “Code for Seismic Design of Buildings” GB50011-2001 and GB50011-2010. The rubber vibration isolating pad can isolate the high-frequency seismic wave of the horizontal movement of the ground from the building and reduce the shear damage of the seismic wave to the building. It can compensate for the lack of seismic performance of the structure. In 1994, the USC of the rubber isolation pad was applied to the 6.7 magnitude earthquake in Los Angeles, USA. University 7-story hospital, the ground motion acceleration is 0.49g, the roof acceleration is 0.13g, and the isolation attenuation ratio is 27:100. In the 1995 Hanshin 7.2 earthquake in Japan, the 5-storey post and telecommunications building in western Japan, with a rubber isolation pad, has a ground motion acceleration of 0.4g, a roof velocity of 0.12g, and a P-seismic attenuation ratio of 30:100. Since the introduction of rubber isolation technology in the UK, some places have created similar products for multi-storey and small high-rise buildings. The isolation attenuation ratio has not yet seen near-seismic application examples and experimental test data. Among the above-mentioned nine kinds of isolation and shock absorbers, the first eight failed to solve the problem that the building did not have horizontal motion during the earthquake. The latter one can solve the problem that the building does not have horizontal motion during the earthquake, but it cannot exist after the earthquake. Complete reset problem. The use of some vibration isolators will also increase construction costs, such as the use of 1,800 rubber compartments in the Kunming International Airport terminal building. The cushion has increased the cost by 200 million yuan to 2,000 yuan per square meter. In the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings GB50011-2010, the seismic impact coefficient of the building structure design level is: 0.08 (0.12) for the 7-degree earthquake in the defense zone, 0.5 (0.72) for the 3⁄41 earthquake, and 0.16 for the earthquake in the 8 degree zone. (0.24), the rare earthquake was 0.9 ( 1.20 ); the earthquake in the 9 degree area was 0.32, and the earthquake in the rare area was 1.40. According to Han Wei and other experts from the Institute of Mechanics Research of the China Earthquake Administration, the accelerations of rare earthquakes in the 7th, 8th, and 9th defense zones will increase by 6 times, 5 times, and 4 times, respectively, and the multiples and structures 3⁄4†3⁄4 The influence coefficient of the §7j flat earthquake is similar. The acceleration of the rare earthquake in the 9 degree set should be 1.6g. Separate the rubber mat. According to the above-mentioned examples of isolation in the United States and Japan, the horizontal motion acceleration of the building can be maintained at 9. Degree (0.4g) or so, is a structural seismic safety range. 9 degrees is a first-class earthquake resistance, 60% of the axial pressure is 40% larger than the load column cross-sectional area. As a reserve, plus a column break area of 1.1%, the area reinforcement ratio and rubber mat, the construction cost increases. The economic ability is unbearable. The rubber isolation ^ nra wave has the effect of resonance damage to high-rise buildings, and is not suitable for high-rise buildings with long period of the tree and long period of self-vibration.

0002 The earth's lithosphere is affected by plate motion and compression. It develops the Pacific Rim seismic zone and the Eurasian seismic zone. China is located between the Pacific Rim seismic zone and the Eurasian seismic zone, and the eastern part is affected by the subduction and compression of the Pacific plate. Affected by the extrusion of the Indian Ocean-Indian continent, the geostress activity is complex and earthquake disasters occur frequently. Especially in the western region, the formation and evolution of Quaternary geomorphology is strongly influenced by the Indian Ocean-India plate squeezing effect, and the most earthquake disasters. This global plate movement pattern will not change in the 100-year, dry, and 10,000-year time. The sons and grandsons of the Chinese nation will continue to proliferate, and earthquake disasters will continue to occur. Protecting the earthquake safety of buildings is a safe need for the survival and development of the Chinese nation and a security need for people living in the world's two major earthquake zones. China is the country with the most earthquake disasters in the world. China's land accounts for 1/15 of the world's population, and its population accounts for 1/5 of the world. In the 20th century, one third of the world's earthquakes occurred in China. The number of earthquake deaths in China accounted for the number of earthquake victims in the world. 1/2, of which 10 to 12 destructive earthquakes with more than 10,000 deaths occurred 16 times, a total of 2045 deaths, 914 people, 12 times in 12 strong destruction earthquakes, 2 times in 11 degrees, 7 times in 11 degrees, There are 7 times at 10 degrees. Since the founding of New China, the number of people killed by the earthquake has accounted for more than 1/2 of all natural disaster deaths. Entering the 21st century, only the Wenchuan Earthquake is 10 degrees to 11 degrees. The destruction will kill nearly 90,000 people, and the economy will reach 845.1 billion yuan. It will cost 1 trillion yuan to recover. Due to the non-repetition of the earthquake site of magnitude 8 or above, it is not possible to predict the number of 329 8 degree-degree defenses and 1064 7-degree fortifications identified in the National Code for Seismic Design of Buildings GB50011-2010. The local potential similar to II, Beichuan-style super-intensity damage to earthquake disasters, the actual needs of the society to defend against high-intensity damage to earthquake disasters, is more extensive than the range determined by the intensity map. The reason why the simple civil-structured house in the earthquake-free area can live safely for nearly a hundred years is because there is no swaying effect. Therefore, the earthquake-proof target of the construction of the dam is improved to "the earthquake is harmless or the earthquake is harmless". No horizontal motion problems occurred during the earthquake. Based on this goal, the isolation technology was designed as a supplement to the pre-earthquake defense measures.

0003 The design of the force-removing full reset filter isolation pad. Isolation J S and experiment: Forces that continue to pass into a hard object will choose to accumulate in the weakest part of the internal structural strength of the object to deform or destroy the release force. Geostress activities in the Earth's lithosphere are also usually selected to produce ground motions in the active fault zone. Seismic horizontal motion shear wave has a non-transferable property in a medium that has no elastic recovery after deformation. A weak device between the building structure and the foundation or a device that disconnects the building structure from the foundation without dispersing the earthquake The horizontal motion destructive force is concentrated in the weak device or the device is released, which can shock the building structure, and can be set as a seismic isolation pad that can not transmit the shear wave after the deformation. It acts as a vibration isolation. Seismic shear wave ground motion trajectory: The characteristics of the UE string function (or cosine) number curve indicate that the ground motion horizontal motion is a finite displacement with sudden burst, continuous motion to attenuation stop, amplitude positive half cycle and negative half cycle are not completely symmetric The i fii motion, the displacement amplitude of the isolation pad satisfies the maximum displacement amplitude of the ground motion, and the motion range of the ground seismic horizontal motion is not limited; the smaller the frictional resistance in the P鬲 seismic pad, the easier it is to concentrate the horizontal horizontal motion force. freed. When the seismic isolation reduces the seismic load received by the building to the horizontal movement, the "base movement with the ground level and the structure remains immobile" can be achieved. The following simulations demonstrate the existence of this isolation.

0004 isolated JS experiment. On a smooth plastic tabletop, use a piece of paper and a mineral water bottle to express the isolation test. The mineral water bottle is filled with water to represent the bottom of the building structure. The smooth plastic table represents the basic surface, and the paper is slowly pulled back and forth to represent the ground repeating horizontal movement. At this time, the mineral water bottle moves with the paper, violently twitches the printing paper, the paper is taken out from the bottle, 7_ bottle is not moved, the bottle The water surface is slightly shaken; the water in the bottle is drained, the experiment is repeated, and when the paper is slowly pulled, the bottle moves with the paper, and when the printing paper is violently pulled, the paper is withdrawn and the mineral water bottle is poured. By dividing the leg experiment, the following conclusions can be drawn: When the bottle moves with the paper, it indicates that the ground motion acceleration is small, the building moves with the ground; when the paper is taken out from the bottom of the bottle, the two sliding friction surfaces are simultaneously dislocated and separated, the paper The horizontal movement overcomes the friction yi/mg with the underlying tabletop and the frictional force ymg with the overlying bottom. If the difference between the hardness of the plastic bottle and the plastic table is negligible, the friction overcome is approximately 2 ^g _e. The Coulomb sliding friction formula f = μ mg, which is the sliding friction force overcome when the paper is pulled out from the plastic flat fm _ax = 2^g _B. The horizontal motion acceleration formula according to the ground transmission structure

, the acceleration of the paper when it is pulled out from the plastic flat

This means that for the sliding friction isolation, when the horizontal motion acceleration a _{max of the} local plane is equal to or greater than the double gravitational acceleration ( 2g ), the uploaded horizontal horizontal motion force causes the building to move horizontally. The faster the twitching, the more stable the mineral water bottle is, indicating that the horizontal motion acceleration is larger, the shorter the time for overcoming the frictional resistance, the more stable the building is; the heavy load is easier than the light load and the horizontal horizontal motion force is isolated from the overlying load. Formula according to the ground motion velocity of a building

, the mass m of the building and the friction coefficient constant, the ground motion horizontal motion acceleration is a variable that varies with the seismic intensity. The friction coefficient Π the mass m of the building is inversely related to a _max , the sliding friction force ^max is constant, and decreasing the yi i straight and m values can increase the a _max value. The use of lightweight wall materials can reduce the quality of the building, but it is unrealistic to reduce the mass m of the building by half, and it is feasible to reduce the value by half. When ί is reduced by half, a _max is doubled. According to the literature, the sliding friction resistance is equivalent to 40 to 60 times the rolling friction resistance [3], changing the friction mode of the vibration isolation pad, the sliding friction is the rolling friction, and the frictional resistance will be reduced by 40-60 times. The load mg is constant, and the frictional resistance is reduced by 40-^60 times, which is equivalent to the friction coefficient/reduction 40-60 times. The friction coefficient is reduced by 40 times, and the vibrational force transmitted to the building's seismic level is reduced to an insufficient level to make the building move horizontally with the ground. And move. As long as the building does not move with the ground level of the earthquake, the ground motion horizontal motion acceleration no matter how large, no matter how long the building has no effect on the building, there is no shear failure resonance damage, collapse problem. In addition to vertical vibration, there is no horizontal motion damage intensity. Considering that setting the internal force of the reset will inevitably increase the horizontal movement resistance of the isolation pad, plus some unforeseen influence factors, for the sake of safety, the isolation pad is set as a laminated rolling friction device.

The structural components of the 0005 isolation pad and the isolation. The seismic horizontal motion shear wave can not be transmitted in the medium without elastic recovery after deformation, and the vibration isolation pad is designed as a laminated rolling friction structure with horizontal deformation and elastic recovery. The isolation pad design consists of a circular arc-concave and ablated hardened steel plate consisting of a steel ball, which is divided into a top seat from top to bottom (1) Figure 3, Figure 4, upper steel ball layer plus rubber ball (2) and confinement ring (3) Figure 5, upper balance compensation ring (4) Figure 6, intermediate movable plate (5) Figure 7, lower steel ball layer plus rubber ball (6) and restraining ring (7) with Figure 5, lower balance compensation ring ( 8) Same as Figure 6, base (9) Figure 8, spring "^ wire rope combination 4 (10) Figure 9. The top surface of the top seat is designed to be cylindrical, and four symmetric flat cylindrical springs are arranged along the bottom of the tube. Place the cavity, set the "concentric" and "cross-shaped" protruding ridges, and fill the gap with C60 concrete. One end of the wire rope is fixed at the bottom end of the spring, and the other end is pulled out from the spring to compensate the top seat and the upper balance. The ring, the intermediate movable plate, the lower balance compensation ring, and the four "V" shaped through holes corresponding to the edge of each part are connected in series -W, and the end is fixed on the edge of the base. The bottom surface of the top seat is a working surface, and the surface is soothed. The upper movable plate is set to be equal in thickness, the upper working surface concave is matched with the top seat arc convex surface, and the lower working surface is convex convex surface. The top surface of the base is the working surface, and is set to The concave arc surface of the arc-shaped convex surface of the movable plate is arranged. The steel ball is placed in the two spaces composed of the three fast plates by the displacement restraint ring, and the rubber ball with a certain proportion of the diameter is slightly larger than the steel ball; the height ratio of the balance compensation ring is The diameter of the steel ball is 0.5mm, which is placed on the edge. The 0.5mm gap is filled with lead; the outer side is sealed with a neoprene sleeve. Under the load, the steel ball is 0.25mm, mm and the intermediate movable plate is deformed by 0.25mm. Lead fills the space, so that the balance compensation ring and the steel ball layer share the vertical load together, which can reduce the compressive deformation of the steel ball by the vertical load. If the plate does not deform, the steel ball deforms 0.5 mm without damage. The quenched steel plate is the same as the 3⁄43⁄4t of the bearing steel ball. Each component is Electroplating zinc is used as a physical chemical anti-corrosion measure. The working face is made of graphite powder as a lubricant. The displacement amplitude of the P-shock pad is designed to meet the maximum shear displacement of the ground motion, and the ground motion horizontal movement is guaranteed to be unrestricted in the isolation pad. The quenched steel plate and the steel ball M rolling friction device with the smallest rolling friction coefficient are used to protect the surface. The horizontal movement force of the earthquake is repeatedly converted into rolling friction without blocking in the seismic isolation pad, and the ground motion is almost no building. The steel ball has the same driving response to the horizontal horizontal movement force from the ffi. The rubber ball can block the slip and soothe the vertical ground motion shock. The compression and expansion space of the spring makes the steel wire rope expand and contract to meet the ground motion shear displacement. Due to the complexity of seismic wave ground motion, the displacement amplitude is not completely symmetrical with the negative half cycle, and the spring reset internal force design is not suitable for a^i^i to affect the isolation efficiency, so that the isolation pad can be automatically and completely automatically in the main shock. Reset, the large earthquake damage MS re-isolation effect, the top seat, the middle movable plate, the base is set to a slightly convex and concave curved surface, in the same 7_Κ平 movement direction, one side increases the uphill resistance, the other side obtains Downhill position energy, convex and concave anastomosis curved surface has a soothing reset potential energy under the action of static load gravity when each seismic movement stops, which can make up for the resetting part of the dynamic reset internal force insufficient. The retractive force of the spring and the retracting force of the rubber sleeve play a role of guiding and resetting by the nose-nose type by gradually decreasing the displacement amplitude during the attenuation of the seismic wave. The isolation pad's 3⁄4 and the load ffi are 'the base and the foundation are connected'. ^When the earthquake, the horizontal movement force causes the foundation and the base motion to drive the lower steel ball to move in the same direction, and the horizontal movement force is passed through the rolling friction of the steel ball. The movable plate causes the intermediate movable plate to move in the same direction, and the horizontal moving force received by the intermediate movable plate is transmitted to the load column through the rolling friction of the upper steel ball. This horizontal moving force is repeatedly converted into the rolling friction force in the instant synchronization. Finished. The intermediate movable plate and the top seat with the H3⁄4⁄43⁄4 is the lightest, and the weakly constrained tension spring-flexible wire rope restraint, both upper and lower and the steel ball layer In contact with the rubber ball, the degree of freedom is 3⁄4^, and the complex motions such as the horizontal movement of the ground and the twisting of the $3⁄4i movement on the base act on the intermediate movable plate, and the intermediate movable plate will inevitably produce the movement to avoid the movement of the item. Balance compensation The metal lead on the ring (Mohs hardness 1.5), the static time from the bite sealing effect, the 7_ flat movement acts as a lubricant. The rolling of the steel ball and the movement of the intermediate movable plate make the earthquake horizontally Force is released, the intermediate movable plate to become The founder of the horizontal movement of the building. The bow I uses the rolling friction formula and the corresponding acceleration formula as the mathematical expression of the isolation effect.

F= —†N= — mg

r r

_ F _ δ

^max ⁼ ― =― 9

m γ where: F—rolling friction (kN); — rolling friction factor (none); fN “^ load (ΙΕϋ力) = mg ( kN ) ; steel ball radius (cm); m—mass (kg); G—gravity acceleration. Because the steel ball is sandwiched between two steel plates, the horizontal displacement torque of the steel ball is not calculated as the distance between the center of the car and the distance between the touch point (radius), but the vertical diameter of the steel ball. The two end points are the force points, and the twist is calculated according to the length of the diameter 2r (= lcm). According to the friction factor of the hardened steel 0.01 (Western Institute of Science), the formula for calculating the isolation attenuation ratio ί is 1/ 10000.

0006 Design and manufacturing technical indicators of the Shanwei shock pad. The design of the isolation pad is based on the intensity of the building in the area where the building is located! ] and the single column load required for the building, the main displacement amplitude and load are two indicators. The displacement amplitude design of the isolation pad is based on the Japanese regulations and the ground motion time-history curve of the China Building Science Research Institute's sliding friction isolation test. Japan requires that the isolation mechanism be changed ≤ ≤ not less than 25cm to 30cm. When the input acceleration is 500gal, the maximum displacement of the isolation mechanism does not exceed 25cm, and the safety factor of 1.5 is guaranteed at the limit displacement. The maximum displacement requirement of the isolation mechanism under the action of moderate-strong earthquakes does not exceed 16.7 cm. The relationship between the sliding stop position and the peak value on the ground motion time history curve of the sliding friction isolation test of the Chinese Academy of Building Sciences approximates the relationship between the effective peak and the peak value on the engineering vibration curve, that is, the peak amplitude is 1.414 times the effective peak value, and the displacement amplitude is equivalent to the effective Peak. The 1985 earthquake in Mexico was 400km away from the epicenter of the Mexico City ground (surface wave) motion cycle, the duration of motion is currently recorded as one of the longest, ground motion acceleration 0.18g, motion cycle 2 seconds, duration 180 seconds. According to the relationship between the acceleration a and the amplitude A and the period T and the frequency f(f=l/T), a = Α(2πί)2 , the calculated peak amplitude is 18.2 cm', and the effective peak value should be 13 cm. Based on this calculation, the displacement amplitude design of the vibration isolation pad: 5cm in the 8 degree fortification area can meet the peak amplitude of 7cm, 1 type of site design can meet the peak amplitude of 14cm, and class III and IV can meet the peak amplitude of 28cm; 9 degree set base area The design of 7cm can meet the peak amplitude of 11cm, the design of Class I and II can meet the peak amplitude of 21cm, and the design of Class III and IV can meet the peak amplitude of 42cm. From the aforementioned example of the Mexican earthquake, it can be seen that the iSi ten displacement amplitude of the isolation pad can meet the safety of high-rise buildings. The load design of the P diaphragm is based on the design experience of the current high-rise buildings in Kunming. The residential category is 1.5 tons per square meter. The single column bears a load of 60 to 70 tons per floor from 40 square meters to 45 square meters. 40 floors. A total of 2400 tons to 2800 tons, leaving a safety factor of 100 tons to 200 tons, 3⁄4i ten single isolation pad load 2500 tons to 3000 tons; isolation pad load area Si ten according to C15 concrete 33⁄4 100kg/cm2, per 100kg load ~Quenched steel ball with a diameter of 10 mm. The components of the isolation pad meet the following requirements: . Base, intermediate movable plate, displacement restraint ring, balance compensation ring. It is required to be made of vanadium steel. The quenching 3⁄4®t is about 50HRC. Through galvanizing into the chemical treatment of corrosion. The flatness error of the working surface is less than 0.1mm, the concave and convex arc surface is consistent, and the curved surface curvature is about 1/100; the steel ball requires no hidden damage, and the hardness is the same as the top seat, the base and the intermediate movable plate. Diameter 10mm, elastic modulus, modulus of elasticity or impact limit load up to the standard of the ball bearing steel ball bearing 'galvanizing for physical and chemical anti-corrosion measures; rubber ball, required to be made of neoprene or EPDM rubber, diameter _ 14- 16mm; steel wire rope, required by filament, has sufficient flexibility 'after galvanizing anti-corrosion treatment, diameter is not more than 5mm ₀ length according to spring length ■ vibration isolation pad thickness + 崁 fixed length; compression spring, compression modulus required Less than the single column load of 1.5/10000, the compressible length is greater than or equal to the displacement amplitude; the rubber gland is required to be made of neoprene with fireproof, acid proof and alkali proof properties, and the thickness is about 1cm. The diameters of the upper and lower ends are consistent with the diameter of the isolation pad and the base.

0007 Seismic performance test simulation experiment. In order to test the isolation performance of the "base with the horizontal movement of the upper structure to keep the ground", the isolation simulation experimental device was designed and manufactured, and several experiments were carried out. In order to determine the horizontal motion force of the rolling friction isolation test input, the sliding friction isolation is used as the guide, that is, the building structure bottom surface is separated from the foundation water level, and the ground building structure is seismically transported. The power is equal to the friction between the foundation and the underside of the structure. Sliding friction isolation and rolling friction isolation are both frictional and frictional forces. Based on the US "the smaller the friction coefficient, the smaller the seismic load of the superstructure", the rolling friction is applied. According to the calculation formula of Coulomb friction force ΡΓτ, βχ^μ ς, the sliding friction force transmitted from the ground to the building structure is the maximum seismic horizontal motion force of the foundation of the incoming rolling friction isolation pad. The sliding friction force measured by the experiment is the horizontal motion force that needs to be input as the basic experiment of the rolling friction base isolation simulation. Experimental equipment components: 50 pieces of 50 times by 1.5 times (45 gauge) steel plate, quenching and planing, 1kg bearing steel ball 1cm (about 236 pieces), 3 ball movement restraining rings, active force spring, Passively stressed springs, load building bricks, sand, measuring level, experimental frame, other auxiliary materials wire, tape paper, tie wrap, scissors, etc. The input simulated seismic horizontal motion force is determined by sliding friction. As previously known, the horizontal motion force of the building structure on the ground is equal to the friction force generated on the sliding friction isolation pad. According to the Coulomb friction formula F _max =!im _g , the required load is calculated by the sliding friction coefficient obtained and the active force spring elongation of 5 m ^ m '. Under this load, the resilience of the active force spring is 5 cm, which is the simulated seismic horizontal motion force input by the rolling friction isolation experiment. The experimental operation and analysis are as follows. Pull the active force plate to make the active force spring stretch 5 cm, and hang the passive force spring and recording paper on the load plate to load the load. Suddenly cutting the fixed rope with scissors, the active force spring retracts to drive the back movement, and the passive force spring stretches to leave marks on the recording paper. Remove the passive force spring clock and stretch it to the mark on the recording paper. The weight of the hanging is the horizontal movement force of the upload. Repeat the practice to 16 times, including 1 layer of steel ball experiment 3 times, 2 layers of steel ball experiment 13 times. According to the mechanical formula "= 3 , a=F/m^g, the mass m and the gravitational force Π speed g are constant, the decrease of the uploading force F is equivalent to the decrease of the horizontal motion acceleration a, and also corresponds to the reduction of the friction coefficient μ. In the experimental data, a rolling ball friction test of a layer of steel balls measured the displacement reduction ratio of the load plate as 6/50 to 1/5, and the uploading horizontal motion force attenuation ratio was 2.6/1000 to 3.1/1000. Rolling friction 3⁄41 ^ gives a horizontal motion force attenuation ratio of 1.33/1000 when the load displacement is less than 1 mm, which proves that the horizontal movement force of the lower steel ball to the intermediate movable plate is again attenuated when the upper steel ball is uploaded to the load plate. Function, this cumulative attenuation causes the amount of horizontal motion force to change to a qualitative change—that is, the load plate is almost immobile. The load plate displacement is up to 1 mm. The ratio of the horizontal movement force to the horizontal movement force of the input force plate is 3.33/10000. 3.33/10000 is used as the ultimate attenuation ratio of laminated rolling friction isolation; 1.33/1000 is used as the critical value for determining the "superstructure of the horizontal movement of the earth to maintain motion" to the critical value of mass isolation and isolation; The dynamic attenuation ratio of the horizontal motion force of the 3.1/1000 as the base to the intermediate movable plate.

3.33/10000 is different from the calculated value of the formula 1/10000 by more than 2 times, but it is of the same order of magnitude. Due to the limitations of the conditions, this data is not accurate enough, and the exact value is to be determined by an interested, qualified expert, based on the measured value. The purpose of this experiment is to solve the M^S!J mass change limit problem of horizontal motion force.

0008 market and 3⁄4 analysis: more than 130 in the world; ^ earthquake disaster statistics show that 95. /. The above-mentioned casualties and property losses are caused by the collapse of buildings. Solving the earthquake safety of buildings is equivalent to eliminating most of the earthquake disasters. The investment in emergency rescue and recovery will be greatly reduced. The earthquake is still the target of seismic fortification of the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings". However, even if the structure of the building is earthquake-resistant, it can not be shaken, as long as the building moves along with the horizontal movement of the ground, in the extra large Under the strong horizontal movement of the earthquake and the large earthquake, it is difficult to protect the wall from falling. ^ mm. Interior decoration and window glass collapse will still endanger the safety of people's lives and property, especially luxury decoration, high-end furniture, equipment value and house price. Similar property 鉄. 2008.5.12 iSO 11 mega-earthquake disaster and 2010.4.14 In the Yushu earthquake, the collapse of the completed building since the implementation of the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings after 1989 or 2001 indicates that the structure protests and the earthquake will not fall. Larger gap. In particular, on March 11, 2011, the Sendai earthquake in Japan, the Fukushima nuclear power plant nuclear explosion caused by the destruction of the fuel rod cooling pool, nuclear leakage and the explosion of the refinery storage tank, indicating that the building does not undergo horizontal movement during the earthquake. Important, structural hard versus hard seismic measures are not safe enough. Even according to the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" (GB50011-2010) - ^ [the high-rise ratio of the reinforced concrete, the aspect ratio cannot be smaller than the cooling pool. The hard-resistance to the earthquake is also inevitable, and the structure is resistant to damage. It needs to be supplemented by high-efficiency isolation technology to achieve the goal of protecting human life and property. The isolation pad can make the building not horizontally move during the earthquake. As a supplementary measure of structural earthquake resistance, the seismic safety performance of the building can be improved to the extent that the earthquake is harmless. The breadth of the earthquake occurrence site in China, the severity of the disaster Seeing the scope of the two major earthquake zones in the world, the market has broad prospects. The seismic isolation pad can keep the building in a state of self-vibration periodicity under the action of horizontal earthquakes. In addition to the vertical ground motion, the horizontal motion of the B^3⁄4 earthquake destroys the intensity of the earthquake. In the "5.12 mega-earthquake", the 7-degree guard zone of the north j 11 county juvenile JL garden classroom was not damaged by the longitudinal vibration of the longitudinal wave, which proved that the building with 7 degrees of fortification can meet the safety requirements of 10-11 degree vertical ground motion.

"Code for seismic design of buildings" GB50011-2001 stipulates that the structural section design ratio is 2.5/1000 to 5/1000, and the 7 degree degree of reinforcement structure cross-section reinforcement ratio does not exceed 5/1000, which is only equivalent to the new "Building Seismic 3⁄4i Ten Specifications" The four-stage seismic section reinforcement ratio of GB50011-2010. In contrast, buildings with this isolation technology can save 20% of the construction cost in the 8 degree fortification (0.2g) zone, 40% of the construction cost in the 0.3g zone, and 60% in the 0.4g fortification zone. Construction costs. 0.2g fortified Kunming urban high-rise, super high-rise forging structure 75kg per square meter of steel, according to savings of 20% is 15kg ₀ each column to withstand 45m ² load per floor, can save 675kg steel, 40 floor can save steel 27000kg 70% of it is used as cost and 30% is profit. Without increasing the cost, it can also be a safe reserve for high buildings, which can compensate for the structural seismic measures and the lack of rubber isolation pads. Cost saving will inevitably save building materials. Steel and mud are high-consumption coal and high-consumption limestone C0 ₂ high-row] |3⁄4^ industry, in addition to burning 'coal emission C0 ₂ , limestone as the main raw material for steelmaking process flux and cement production When the temperature of the furnace reaches 1000 to 1200 degrees Celsius, the C02 which accounts for 44% of CaC0 ₃ is decomposed. According to the limestone with 50% CaC0 ₃ content, one ton of limestone is decomposed and 220kg C0 _{2 is} discharged into the atmosphere. Therefore, Saving building materials is conducive to energy saving and emission reduction. According to world statistics, the defensive investment before the earthquake disaster has a high efficiency of 1:12 compared with the emergency rescue and recovery construction expenditure. Reducing or avoiding earthquake disasters is equivalent to increasing GDP. Technology that does not increase construction costs to ensure earthquake safety of buildings is of great significance for protecting people's lives and property safety. Based on this isolation technology, housing earthquake disaster insurance is opened, as long as irresistible earthquake active fault damage and earthquake secondary disasters are excluded. In addition to compensation, you can get more than one economy. Opening up earthquake disaster insurance is the need to make up for the lack of insurance and improve the social security function. Solved the technical and social security measures for the safety of ffl^, and the human, material and financial resources for the public welfare investment of social earthquake prevention and disaster reduction It can be concentrated on the exploration and investigation of seismic active fault detection, survey and earthquake secondary disaster hazard sites, which can improve the effectiveness of public welfare investment returns. Sound ίίΒ anti-seismic safety guarantee mechanism, and gradually realize the harmonious coexistence between people and earthquake activities.

Production application of 0009 isolation pad. Components of the shock pad: top seat, base, intermediate movable plate, balance compensation ring, manufacture of restraint ring, polishing, quenching, ordering from steel plant, steel ball to bearing factory, spring - wire rope spring factory ordering, plating The low-profile galvanizing plant was completed. It only undertakes the assembly, production technical supervision and application technical guidance work, which can eliminate the cumbersome cycle of land acquisition, construction plant and installation equipment. The building to which the seismic isolation pad is applied must meet the following technical requirements: according to the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings", it is possible to avoid the possibility of shearing, napping, folding, and bending of the foundation bearing layer to the ground. Earthquakes in the 3⁄43⁄4⁄4 fault zone and potential depressions, collapses, landslides, mudslides, giant rolling stones, tsunami and other places where the disaster is dangerous; the vibration isolation is placed between the ground floor and the load tt^, and the single piece is placed horizontally. . The isolation layer of the isolation pad is set to a short structure, and the rigid structure is provided from the isolation layer to the ground layer, which is beneficial to reduce the concentrated release of the center of gravity and the horizontal movement force; and the surrounding load-bearing beam and the base of the box base are fixed by the combination of the pulley-type wire rope and the pulley. As one, the wire rope usage is set at twice the calculated value of the wind load. The fixed pulley is usually locked to the earthquake automatic opening device, and is manually locked again after the earthquake; the seismic strength requirement of the 8 degree and 9 degree building structure design is 7 degrees, and the 7 degree protection zone structure 3⁄4i 10 seismic fortification strength requirement reaches 6 degrees; The uneven subsidence of uneven settlement and the anti-tank pile comply with the basic box, the shearing damage of the joint and the reliable measures of the foundation failure, so that the isolation pad is kept horizontal; the concept design of the house is considered to properly control the aspect ratio and the plane layout is nearly equiaxed. The windward surface of the wall is designed to be arc-shaped, which is beneficial to the wind load side roll and ML turn of the building; the displacement amplitude space is left in the basement and the isolation column by 2 times of the amplitude stroke; the horizontal height is placed on the vibration isolation pad, The water, electricity, gas, communication and other pipelines are connected flexibly and have sufficient length according to the displacement amplitude of 4 times; after the seismic isolation pad is accurately placed in place, the truss reinforcement and the column anti-bending protection measures are adopted, and the construction structure is strictly constructed. According to the order from the center to the surrounding load. After the completion of the project, the isolation washers and the column anti-side wedges are removed; the wind load is disabled for more than 10% of the total load.

Claims

100001 support request

1. A force-removing full-reset filter isolation pad for seismic protection of buildings in the field of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. The structure consists of three circular arc-convex-concave hardened steel plates (1 U 5 λ ( 9 ) overlap sandwiched two layers The quenched steel ball with the confined ring (3) (7) is composed of a rubber ball (2) (6) and two balance compensation rings (4) (8), which makes the finite displacement reciprocating motion from the ffi direction The horizontal movement force of the earthquake is instantaneously converted into the full release of the rolling friction force to achieve the goal of protecting the seismic safety of the building. The convex and concave arc surface can be completely re-recovered by the load gravity after the earthquake horizontal motion stops. Each part is plated with i$ as a physicochemical coating.

2. For the force-removing full-reset filter isolation pad as described in claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, the nm 4 symbol J3⁄4l spring and wire rope combination (10), along the top seat (1 intermediate movable plate (5 X balance compensation) Circle (4) (8 base (9) edge through-holes are fixed in series, the JSt relaxation of the spring makes the wire rope meet the base, and the intermediate movable plate moves with the ground amplitude ii fiffii, which can move freely and maintain the structure, In the movement, it has a resetting effect.

3. The release-type full-reset filter isolation pad required by the rights of 1, 2, 3, and 4, characterized by a balance compensation ring (4) (8) smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, in the steel ball (2) ( 6) When the compression deformation is 0.5mm, it can help to withstand the vertical load. 'The steel ball no longer increases the deformation. Under the action of the horizontal component of the transverse wave, the 0.5mm gap meets the steel ball ( 2 ) ( 6 ) And the intermediate movable plate ( 5 ) 7 is free to move in the flat direction.

4. The force-removing full-reset isolation diaphragm required by rights 1, 2, 3, and 4 is characterized by a restraining ring that is 3 mm smaller than the diameter of the steel ball (3 X ( 7 ) makes the steel ball layer (2), (6 Maintaining the overall movement to prevent local or individual steel balls from being crushed by various broken damages.