WO2013084592A1 - Display system and automobile - Google Patents

Display system and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013084592A1
WO2013084592A1 PCT/JP2012/076537 JP2012076537W WO2013084592A1 WO 2013084592 A1 WO2013084592 A1 WO 2013084592A1 JP 2012076537 W JP2012076537 W JP 2012076537W WO 2013084592 A1 WO2013084592 A1 WO 2013084592A1
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Prior art keywords
display
angle
observer
optical element
sight
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PCT/JP2012/076537
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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山本　圭一
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シャープ株式会社
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
    • G02B2027/0154—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features with movable elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display system that directly displays information (speed, etc.) in the visual field of a human being who is an observer.
  • head-up display as a display system that displays information directly in the visual field of the human being who is an observer.
  • Such a head-up display is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
  • Patent Document 1 As shown in FIG. 10, using a two-sided corner reflector array 6 provided on the dashboard 2 and a front window 7 that functions as a reflector on the dashboard 2, A head-up display 1 that displays a lower object 4 as an aerial image 5 toward a driver V is disclosed.
  • the head-up display 1 disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the optimum viewing angle range is narrow because a real mirror image forming optical element is used as the two-surface corner reflector array 6.
  • the line of sight is often moved to a point that is easy for the observer to see.
  • the observer is a driver because of the head-up display of an automobile
  • the line of sight is moved to a point that is easy to see. Is difficult.
  • the seat position is generally fixed, and therefore the angle of the line of sight for viewing the display is substantially determined by the height of the observer. Therefore, depending on the height of the viewer, the range of the viewer's line of sight may be out of the optimal viewing angle range of the display, and the display may be difficult to see.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing the range of the observer's line of sight from deviating from the optimum viewing angle range of the display. It is to provide a display system capable of always observing information on an optimal display state.
  • the display system of the present invention is a display system that directly displays information in the viewer's field of view, and displays the display element for displaying information and the information displayed on the display element as light
  • An imaging optical element that forms an image in a space that is symmetric with the display element, and an optical path between the imaging optical element and the imaging, and the light from the imaging optical element is transmitted on the viewer side
  • a reflecting member that reflects so as to form an image; and a real position image formed by being reflected by the reflecting member as a virtual display; and a face position detecting unit that detects the position of the face of the observer observing the virtual display;
  • the inclination of the straight line connecting the face position and the image formation is defined by using the inclination of the straight line connecting the face position of the observer detected by the face position detecting means and the reflection position of the reflecting member as the viewing angle of the observer.
  • the tilt angle adjusting means adjusts the tilt angle of the virtual display by rotating the reflecting member according to the line-of-sight angle.
  • the inclination angle adjustment means which adjusts the inclination angle of a virtual display according to an observer's gaze angle, so that the information on the optimal display state for the observer can be observed. It becomes possible to adjust the tilt angle of the virtual display.
  • the reflecting member is rotatably provided to be tilted forward and backward with respect to the virtual display, and the virtual member is rotated by rotating the reflecting member according to the line-of-sight angle by the tilt angle adjusting unit. If the tilt angle of the display is adjusted, the tilt angle of the virtual display changes in conjunction with the angle at which the reflecting member rotates. If this characteristic is used, the inclination angle of the virtual display can be easily determined with a simple configuration of rotating the reflecting member as described above.
  • the present invention is a display system that directly displays information in the field of view of an observer, and displays a display element that displays information and information displayed on the display element as light and forms an image in a space that is symmetrical with the display element.
  • An imaging optical element that is disposed on an optical path between the imaging optical element and the imaging, and a reflection member that reflects the light from the imaging optical element so as to form an image on the viewer side;
  • a real image reflected and imaged by the reflecting member is used as a virtual display, a face position detecting means for detecting the position of the face of the observer observing the virtual display, and an observation detected by the face position detecting means.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of a reflector rotation control device provided in the display system shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the mechanism for detecting the observer's face position in the display system shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the camera image image
  • FIG. 1 ⁇ Schematic configuration of display system> FIG. An embodiment of the present invention will be described as follows.
  • a head-up display that is mounted on an automobile and directly displays information (such as speed) in the field of view of a human (driver) who is an observer will be described as an example of the display system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a head-up display 11 according to the present embodiment.
  • the head-up display 11 includes a display (display element) 101, an imaging optical element 102, a reflecting mirror (reflecting member) 103, a camera 104, and a virtual display 105, as shown in FIG.
  • the display 101 is arranged inside a dashboard (not shown) of the automobile, and displays information on the running state of the automobile such as the speed of the automobile on which the head-up display 11 is mounted and the number of revolutions of the engine. ing.
  • the display 101 is composed of a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or the like.
  • the imaging optical element 102 is arranged on the upper surface of the dashboard, and the information displayed on the display 101 arranged inside the dashboard is imaged as a real image at a position (space) that is symmetric with the display 101. It is supposed to let you. That is, information displayed on the display 101, that is, light emitted from the display 101 is guided to the imaging optical element 102, and is symmetric with the display 101 outside the dashboard by the imaging optical element 102. A real image is formed at the position.
  • a reflecting mirror may be provided on the optical path between the imaging optical element 102 and the imaging position for reflection. Also in this case, a real image can be formed at the tip reflected by the reflecting mirror.
  • FIG. 1 an example in which the reflecting mirror 103 is provided on the optical path between the imaging optical element 102 and the imaging position is shown.
  • the reflecting mirror 103 is provided on the front window side provided on the dashboard, and reflects light emitted from the imaging optical element 102 provided on the upper surface of the dashboard toward the observer 100. It is like that.
  • the virtual display 105 forms an image of the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 103 and displays it as a real image.
  • the virtual display 105 is designed to be formed between the reflecting mirror 103 and the observer 100. As a result, the observer 100 can grasp the image displayed on the display 101 only by observing the virtual display 105 in front of the user without raising his / her head.
  • the optimum line-of-sight range of the virtual display 105 is narrow. For this reason, the observer 100 needs to move the line of sight to a point that is easy to see. However, the observer 100 sitting in the car seat has a narrow range of line of sight that can be moved, and in some cases, the virtual display 105 is difficult to see.
  • the virtual display 105 is moved to an appropriate position by rotating the reflecting mirror 103 according to the line-of-sight position of the observer 100 so that the virtual display 105 is not easily seen. ing.
  • the camera 104 that captures the face of the viewer 100 and the reflector 103 are A reflection mirror rotation control device 200 (FIG. 2) that rotates the reflection center 103 in the directions of arrows a and b with the reflection center as the rotation center X is provided.
  • the reflection center of the reflecting mirror 103 is the rotation center X, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the lower end and the upper end of the reflecting mirror 103 may be set as the rotation center X.
  • the camera 104 only needs to include the observer 100 in the shooting direction, and the position of the camera 104 is not particularly limited.
  • a camera 104 is provided between the imaging optical element 102 and the reflecting mirror 103.
  • the reflection mirror rotation control device 200 includes a line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201, a rotation angle calculation unit 202, a rotation control unit 203, and a reflection mirror rotation mechanism 204. Accordingly, the reflecting mirror 103 is rotated.
  • the line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201 specifies the position of the face (eyes) of the observer 100 from the data obtained by photographing the face of the observer 100 by the camera 104, and sets the line-of-sight angle by the observer 100 to the reflecting mirror 103. It comes to calculate. Details of how to specify the position of the face (eyes) of the viewer 100 and how to calculate the line-of-sight angle by the viewer 100 with respect to the reflecting mirror 103 will be described later.
  • the rotation angle calculation unit 202 calculates the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror 103 from the line-of-sight angle calculated by the line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201.
  • the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror 103 is determined so that the virtual display 105 is always easy to see for the observer 100. Details of how to calculate the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror 103 will be described later.
  • the rotation control unit 203 generates rotation control information indicating how much the reflecting mirror 103 is rotated from the rotation angle calculated by the rotation angle calculation unit 202.
  • the reflecting mirror rotating mechanism 204 rotates the reflecting mirror 103 in accordance with the rotation control information generated by the rotation control unit 203.
  • the head-up display 11 since the head-up display 11 is mounted on an automobile, it is assumed that the observer 100 is sitting in the driver's seat. For this reason, since the seat position of the observer 100 is considered to be substantially fixed, the position of the observer 100 is somewhere on the virtual plane of the seat position depending on the height. Here, a case is considered where the viewpoint position on the virtual plane of the seat position of the observer 100 becomes the position of the viewpoints A to C as shown in FIG.
  • the angles ⁇ 3a to ⁇ 3c formed in the above are obtained as the line-of-sight angles.
  • the camera image at this time corresponds to viewpoints A to C depending on the height in the camera image, and the line-of-sight angles at that time correspond to ⁇ 3a to ⁇ 3c.
  • a mechanism for calculating the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror by the rotation angle calculation unit (tilt angle adjusting means) 202 will be described.
  • the reflecting mirror 103 is rotatably provided so as to tilt forward and backward with respect to the virtual display 105.
  • the light emitted from the display 101 installed on the lower side of the imaging optical element 102 can form the virtual display 105 as a real image at the upper symmetrical position via the imaging optical element 102.
  • the virtual display 105 is formed at an imaging position when the reflecting mirror 103 is not provided.
  • the reflecting mirror 103 when the reflecting mirror 103 is inserted in the optical path between the imaging optical element 102 and the virtual display 105, the light is reflected by the reflecting mirror 103 and is formed as a real image on the virtual display 105 on the viewer 100 side. Image.
  • the imaging optical element 102 has a characteristic that the distance of the optical path from the display 101 to the imaging optical element 102 is the same as the distance of the optical path to the imaging position of the real image by the imaging optical element 102. .
  • the distance L1 of the optical path from the display 101 to the imaging optical element 102 is the distance L2 of the optical path from the imaging optical element 102 to the reflecting mirror 103 and the optical path from the reflecting mirror 103 to the virtual display 105 or the virtual display 105. Is equal to the sum of the distance L3.
  • the emission angle from the imaging optical element 102 is also ⁇ 1.
  • the reflecting mirror with respect to the plane including the imaging surface of the imaging optical element 102 is used. If the tilt angle on the virtual display 105 side of the plane including the reflecting surface 103 is the rotation angle ⁇ 2, the viewing angle ⁇ 3 toward the viewer 100 (the incident angle of the viewing line extending from the viewer 100 toward the reflecting mirror 103) ) Satisfies the following relational expression (1).
  • the virtual display 105 has viewing angle characteristics as shown in FIG. 7, and the half value width of the luminance of the virtual display 105 is about 20 °.
  • the incident angle ⁇ 1 to the imaging optical element 2 is usually the center (peak) of the optimal viewing angle of the imaging optical element 2.
  • the brightness of the virtual display 105 is significantly reduced from the graph shown in FIG.
  • a camera 104 is installed to detect the line-of-sight angle of the observer 100, and the position of the face (eyes) of the observer 100 is specified from the image to Specify the gaze angle.
  • the processing so far is performed by the line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201 of the reflecting mirror rotation control device 200 described above.
  • the rotation angle calculation unit 202 of the reflection mirror rotation control device 200 obtains the rotation angle ⁇ 2 formed by the imaging optical element 102 and the reflection mirror 103 so that the line-of-sight angle to the reflection mirror 103 is obtained.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the imaging optical element 102 and the reflecting mirror 103 is obtained by the following expression (2).
  • the line of sight is always obtained.
  • the direction is the optimal viewing angle direction.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic configuration of the head-up display 21 according to the present embodiment.
  • the head-up display 21 has the same configuration as the head-up display 11 of the first embodiment, and the difference is that the line of sight of the observer 100 can be freely moved.
  • the object imaged on the virtual display 105 it is possible to make the object imaged on the virtual display 105 appear to be displayed three-dimensionally by utilizing the fact that the observer 100 can freely change the viewing angle.
  • the image displayed on the virtual display 105 is also changed in accordance with the change of the viewpoint of the observer (change in the line of sight angle).
  • the line-of-sight angle as viewed from above by the observer 100 is A
  • an optimum display is realized with the reflecting mirror 103 tilted to the position A, and an actual display as shown in FIG.
  • the display image is changed to an image 300 viewed from above.
  • the change of the above display image can be realized as follows.
  • Information of the same content displayed on the display 101 is stored in advance (stored in a storage means (not shown)) as an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display 105, and the reflecting mirror rotates.
  • a storage means not shown
  • the tilt angle of the virtual display 105 is adjusted by the control device 200, an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display 105 is read out from the stored images, and the display 101 is read out. (Displayed by display control means not shown).
  • the rotation angle ⁇ 2 is characterized by satisfying the following expression (2) obtained from the relational expression (1).
  • Storage means for pre-storing information of the same content displayed by the display element as an image corresponding to a tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display, and the tilt angle of the virtual display is adjusted by the tilt angle adjusting means
  • a display control unit that reads out an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display from the storage unit and displays the image on the display element.
  • the display since the video corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display is read from the storage unit and displayed on the display element, the display is actually a flat display. It is possible to make it appear as if there is an actual 3D object.
  • the present invention can be used in a display system such as a head-up display that directly displays information (speed, etc.) in the field of view of a human being who is an observer.

Abstract

In this display system, the inclination angle of a virtual display (105) is adjusted by rotating a reflecting mirror (103) in accordance with the sight-line angle and face position of an observer observing the virtual display (105), which is an actual image reflected and formed by a reflecting mirror (103) disposed on an optical path between an image-forming optical element (102), for forming an image in a space symmetrical to a display (101), and the formed image.

Description

表示システム、自動車Display system, automobile
　本発明は、観察者である人間の視野に直接情報（速度等）を映し出す表示システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a display system that directly displays information (speed, etc.) in the visual field of a human being who is an observer.
　観察者である人間の視野に直接情報を映し出す表示システムとしてヘッドアップディスプレイがある。 There is a head-up display as a display system that displays information directly in the visual field of the human being who is an observer.
　このようなヘッドアップディスプレイは、例えば特許文献１に開示されている。 Such a head-up display is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
　特許文献１には、図１０に示すように、ダッシュボード２に設けられた２面コーナーリフレクタアレイ６と、ダッシュボード２上の反射鏡として機能させるフロントウィンドウ７を用いて、当該ダッシュボード２の下の被観察物４を空中映像５として運転手Ｖに向けて表示するヘッドアップディスプレイ１が開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 10, using a two-sided corner reflector array 6 provided on the dashboard 2 and a front window 7 that functions as a reflector on the dashboard 2, A head-up display 1 that displays a lower object 4 as an aerial image 5 toward a driver V is disclosed.
日本国公開特許公報「特開２０１１－７００７４号公報（２０１１年４月７日公開）」Japanese Patent Publication “JP 2011-70074 (April 7, 2011)”
　ところが、特許文献１に開示されたヘッドアップディスプレイ１では、２面コーナーリフレクタアレイ６として実鏡映像結像光学素子を用いているため最適視角範囲が狭いという問題がある。 However, the head-up display 1 disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the optimum viewing angle range is narrow because a real mirror image forming optical element is used as the two-surface corner reflector array 6.
　通常、最適視角範囲が狭いディスプレイの場合には観察者が見やすいポイントに視線を動かす場合が多いが、自動車のヘッドアップディスプレイということで観測者は運転手となるので、見やすいポイントに視線を動かすのが難しい。つまり、自動車の場合は、一般的に座席の位置がほぼ固定であるため、観察者の身長によりディスプレイを見る視線の角度がほぼ決まる。そのため観察者の身長によっては、観察者の視線の範囲が、ディスプレイの最適視角範囲から外れてディスプレイが見えにくいという事が発生する。 Usually, in the case of a display with a narrow optimal viewing angle range, the line of sight is often moved to a point that is easy for the observer to see.However, because the observer is a driver because of the head-up display of an automobile, the line of sight is moved to a point that is easy to see. Is difficult. In other words, in the case of an automobile, the seat position is generally fixed, and therefore the angle of the line of sight for viewing the display is substantially determined by the height of the observer. Therefore, depending on the height of the viewer, the range of the viewer's line of sight may be out of the optimal viewing angle range of the display, and the display may be difficult to see.
　また、この最適視角範囲は、実鏡映像結像光学素子の構造・寸法により決まるため容易に変更することは出来ない。 Also, since this optimal viewing angle range is determined by the structure and dimensions of the real mirror imaging optical element, it cannot be easily changed.
　本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的は、観察者の視線の範囲が、ディスプレイの最適視角範囲から外れないようにするための機構を有することで、観察者が、常に、最適な表示状態の情報を観察することのできる表示システムを提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing the range of the observer's line of sight from deviating from the optimum viewing angle range of the display. It is to provide a display system capable of always observing information on an optimal display state.
　本発明の表示システムは、上記課題を解決するために、観察者の視野に直接情報を映し出す表示システムであって、情報を表示する表示素子と、表示素子に表示された情報を光として受け取り、上記表示素子と対称となる空間に結像する結像光学素子と、上記結像光学素子と上記結像との間の光路上に配され、当該結像光学素子からの光を観察者側で結像するように反射する反射部材と、上記反射部材によって反射されて結像された実像を仮想ディスプレイとし、この仮想ディスプレイを観察している観察者の顔の位置を検出する顔位置検出手段と、上記顔位置検出手段によって検出された観察者の顔位置と、上記反射部材の反射位置とを結ぶ直線の傾きを観察者の視線角度とし、上記顔位置と上記結像とを結ぶ直線の傾きを仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度としたとき、上記視線角度に応じて上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整する傾斜角度調整手段とを備え、上記反射部材は、上記仮想ディスプレイに対して前後に傾斜するように回転可能に設けられ、上記傾斜角度調整手段は、上記視線角度に応じて、上記反射部材を回転させることで、上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整することを特徴としている。 In order to solve the above problems, the display system of the present invention is a display system that directly displays information in the viewer's field of view, and displays the display element for displaying information and the information displayed on the display element as light, An imaging optical element that forms an image in a space that is symmetric with the display element, and an optical path between the imaging optical element and the imaging, and the light from the imaging optical element is transmitted on the viewer side A reflecting member that reflects so as to form an image; and a real position image formed by being reflected by the reflecting member as a virtual display; and a face position detecting unit that detects the position of the face of the observer observing the virtual display; The inclination of the straight line connecting the face position and the image formation is defined by using the inclination of the straight line connecting the face position of the observer detected by the face position detecting means and the reflection position of the reflecting member as the viewing angle of the observer. Virtual display A tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting the tilt angle of the virtual display according to the line-of-sight angle, and the reflecting member is rotatable to tilt forward and backward with respect to the virtual display. The tilt angle adjusting means adjusts the tilt angle of the virtual display by rotating the reflecting member according to the line-of-sight angle.
　上記の構成によれば、観察者の視線角度に応じて仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整する傾斜角度調整手段とを備えていることで、観察者にとって最適な表示状態の情報を観察できるように上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整することが可能となる。 According to said structure, it is provided with the inclination angle adjustment means which adjusts the inclination angle of a virtual display according to an observer's gaze angle, so that the information on the optimal display state for the observer can be observed. It becomes possible to adjust the tilt angle of the virtual display.
　これにより、上記構成の傾斜角度調整手段によって、観察者の視線の範囲が、ディスプレイの最適視角範囲から外れないようにするための機構を実現することが可能となり、この結果、観察者が、常に、最適な表示状態の情報を観察することのできる表示システムを実現することができる。 This makes it possible to realize a mechanism for preventing the range of the observer's line of sight from deviating from the optimum viewing angle range of the display by the tilt angle adjusting means having the above-described configuration. Thus, it is possible to realize a display system capable of observing information on an optimal display state.
　特に、上記反射部材は、上記仮想ディスプレイに対して前後に傾斜するように回転可能に設けられ、上記傾斜角度調整手段によって、上記視線角度に応じて、上記反射部材を回転させることで、上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整するようにすれば、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度は、反射部材が回転する角度に連動して変化する。この特性を利用すれば、上述のように、反射部材を回転させるという簡単な構成で、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を容易に決定することができる。 In particular, the reflecting member is rotatably provided to be tilted forward and backward with respect to the virtual display, and the virtual member is rotated by rotating the reflecting member according to the line-of-sight angle by the tilt angle adjusting unit. If the tilt angle of the display is adjusted, the tilt angle of the virtual display changes in conjunction with the angle at which the reflecting member rotates. If this characteristic is used, the inclination angle of the virtual display can be easily determined with a simple configuration of rotating the reflecting member as described above.
　本発明は、観察者の視野に直接情報を映し出す表示システムであって、情報を表示する表示素子と、表示素子に表示された情報を光として受け取り、上記表示素子と対称となる空間に結像する結像光学素子と、上記結像光学素子と上記結像との間の光路上に配され、当該結像光学素子からの光を観察者側で結像するように反射する反射部材と、上記反射部材によって反射されて結像された実像を仮想ディスプレイとし、この仮想ディスプレイを観察している観察者の顔の位置を検出する顔位置検出手段と、上記顔位置検出手段によって検出された観察者の顔位置と、上記反射部材の反射位置とを結ぶ直線の傾きを観察者の視線角度とし、上記顔位置と上記結像とを結ぶ直線の傾きを仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度としたとき、上記視線角度に応じて上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整する傾斜角度調整手段とを備えたことで、観察者の視線の範囲が、ディスプレイの最適視角範囲から外れないようにするための機構を実現し、この結果、観察者が、常に、最適な表示状態の情報を観察することのできる表示システムを実現することができるという効果を奏する。 The present invention is a display system that directly displays information in the field of view of an observer, and displays a display element that displays information and information displayed on the display element as light and forms an image in a space that is symmetrical with the display element. An imaging optical element that is disposed on an optical path between the imaging optical element and the imaging, and a reflection member that reflects the light from the imaging optical element so as to form an image on the viewer side; A real image reflected and imaged by the reflecting member is used as a virtual display, a face position detecting means for detecting the position of the face of the observer observing the virtual display, and an observation detected by the face position detecting means. When the inclination of the straight line connecting the face position of the person and the reflection position of the reflecting member is the observer's line-of-sight angle, and the inclination of the straight line connecting the face position and the imaging is the inclination angle of the virtual display, To gaze angle And a tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting the tilt angle of the virtual display, thereby realizing a mechanism for preventing the range of the line of sight of the observer from deviating from the optimum viewing angle range of the display. There is an effect that it is possible to realize a display system in which an observer can always observe information on an optimal display state.
本発明の実施の形態に係る表示システムの概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a display system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示す表示システムに備えられた反射鏡回転制御装置の概略構成ブロック図である。It is a schematic block diagram of a reflector rotation control device provided in the display system shown in FIG. 図１に示す表示システムにおける観察者の顔位置を検出するためのメカニズムを説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the mechanism for detecting the observer's face position in the display system shown in FIG. 図３に示すカメラで撮影したカメラ画像の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the camera image image | photographed with the camera shown in FIG. 図１に示す表示システムの動作を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the display system shown in FIG. 図１に示す表示システムの動作を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the display system shown in FIG. 図１に示す表示システムによって形成される仮想ディスプレイの視野角特性を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the viewing angle characteristic of the virtual display formed with the display system shown in FIG. 本発明の他の実施の形態に係る表示システムの概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the display system which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. （ａ）～（ｃ）は、視野角が異なる場合の表示例を示す図である。(A)-(c) is a figure which shows the example of a display when a viewing angle differs. 従来の表示システムの概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the conventional display system.
　〔実施の形態１〕
　＜表示システムの概略構成＞・・・図１
　本発明の一実施の形態を説明すれば以下の通りである。本実施の形態では、表示システムとして、自動車に搭載され、観察者である人間（運転手）の視野に直接情報（速度等）を映し出すヘッドアップディスプレイ（Head-Up Display）を例に説明する。 [Embodiment 1]
<Schematic configuration of display system> FIG.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described as follows. In the present embodiment, a head-up display that is mounted on an automobile and directly displays information (such as speed) in the field of view of a human (driver) who is an observer will be described as an example of the display system.
　図１は、本実施の形態に係るヘッドアップディスプレイ１１の概略構成を示している。 FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a head-up display 11 according to the present embodiment.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイ１１は、図１に示すように、ディスプレイ（表示素子）１０１、結像光学素子１０２、反射鏡（反射部材）１０３、カメラ１０４、仮想ディスプレイ１０５を備えている。 The head-up display 11 includes a display (display element) 101, an imaging optical element 102, a reflecting mirror (reflecting member) 103, a camera 104, and a virtual display 105, as shown in FIG.
　上記ディスプレイ１０１は、自動車のダッシュボード（図示せず）の内部に配置され、当該ヘッドアップディスプレイ１１が搭載された自動車の速度、エンジンの回転数等の自動車の走行状態に関する情報を映し出すようになっている。 The display 101 is arranged inside a dashboard (not shown) of the automobile, and displays information on the running state of the automobile such as the speed of the automobile on which the head-up display 11 is mounted and the number of revolutions of the engine. ing.
　また、上記ディスプレイ１０１としては、液晶ディスプレイ、有機ＥＬディスプレイ等で構成されている。 The display 101 is composed of a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or the like.
　上記結像光学素子１０２は、上記ダッシュボード上面に配置され、当該ダッシュボード内部に配置された上記ディスプレイ１０１に映し出された情報を、当該ディスプレイ１０１と対称となる位置（空間）に実像として結像させるようになっている。つまり、ディスプレイ１０１に映し出された情報、すなわちディスプレイ１０１から照射された光は、上記結像光学素子１０２に導かれ、当該結像光学素子１０２によって、ダッシュボードの外側の上記ディスプレイ１０１と対称となる位置に実像として結像される。 The imaging optical element 102 is arranged on the upper surface of the dashboard, and the information displayed on the display 101 arranged inside the dashboard is imaged as a real image at a position (space) that is symmetric with the display 101. It is supposed to let you. That is, information displayed on the display 101, that is, light emitted from the display 101 is guided to the imaging optical element 102, and is symmetric with the display 101 outside the dashboard by the imaging optical element 102. A real image is formed at the position.
　上記結像光学素子１０２と上記結像位置との間の光路上に、反射鏡を設けて、反射させてもよい。この場合にも、反射鏡で反射した先で実像として結像させることができる。 A reflecting mirror may be provided on the optical path between the imaging optical element 102 and the imaging position for reflection. Also in this case, a real image can be formed at the tip reflected by the reflecting mirror.
　従って、本実施の形態では、図１に示すように、結像光学素子１０２と上記結像位置との間の光路上に、反射鏡１０３を設けた例を示している。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an example in which the reflecting mirror 103 is provided on the optical path between the imaging optical element 102 and the imaging position is shown.
　上記反射鏡１０３は、ダッシュボード上に設けられているフロントウィンドウ側に設けられており、当該ダッシュボード上面に設けられた結像光学素子１０２から出射された光を観察者１００に向かって反射させるようになっている。 The reflecting mirror 103 is provided on the front window side provided on the dashboard, and reflects light emitted from the imaging optical element 102 provided on the upper surface of the dashboard toward the observer 100. It is like that.
　上記仮想ディスプレイ１０５は、上記反射鏡１０３によって反射された光が結像して実像として表示するようになっている。ここで、仮想ディスプレイ１０５は、反射鏡１０３と観察者１００との間に形成されるように設計されている。これにより、観察者１００は、頭を下げずに上げたままで目の前にある仮想ディスプレイ１０５を観察するだけで、ディスプレイ１０１に映し出された映像を把握することが可能となる。 The virtual display 105 forms an image of the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 103 and displays it as a real image. Here, the virtual display 105 is designed to be formed between the reflecting mirror 103 and the observer 100. As a result, the observer 100 can grasp the image displayed on the display 101 only by observing the virtual display 105 in front of the user without raising his / her head.
　ところで、先行特許の様なヘッドアップディスプレイでは、仮想ディスプレイ１０５の最適視線範囲が狭い。このため、観察者１００は、見やすいポイントに視線を動かす必要がある。しかしながら、自動車の座席に座った観察者１００は、動かせる視線の範囲が狭く、場合によっては仮想ディスプレイ１０５が見えにくいという事態が発生する。 Incidentally, in the head-up display as in the prior patent, the optimum line-of-sight range of the virtual display 105 is narrow. For this reason, the observer 100 needs to move the line of sight to a point that is easy to see. However, the observer 100 sitting in the car seat has a narrow range of line of sight that can be moved, and in some cases, the virtual display 105 is difficult to see.
　そこで、本発明では、観察者１００の視線位置に応じて、反射鏡１０３を回転させることで、仮想ディスプレイ１０５を適切な位置に移動させて、仮想ディスプレイ１０５が見えにくいという事態を招かないようにしている。 Therefore, in the present invention, the virtual display 105 is moved to an appropriate position by rotating the reflecting mirror 103 according to the line-of-sight position of the observer 100 so that the virtual display 105 is not easily seen. ing.
　このための構成として、本実施の形態に係るヘッドアップディスプレイ１１では、観察者１００の視線位置を検出するために、当該観察者１００の顔を撮影するカメラ１０４と、上記反射鏡１０３を、当該反射鏡１０３の反射中心を回転中心Ｘとして、矢印ａ・ｂ方向に回転させる反射鏡回転制御装置２００（図２）とを備えている。 As a configuration for this purpose, in the head-up display 11 according to the present embodiment, in order to detect the line-of-sight position of the viewer 100, the camera 104 that captures the face of the viewer 100 and the reflector 103 are A reflection mirror rotation control device 200 (FIG. 2) that rotates the reflection center 103 in the directions of arrows a and b with the reflection center as the rotation center X is provided.
　なお、上記の説明では、反射鏡１０３の反射中心を回転中心Ｘとしているが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、反射鏡１０３の下端や上端を回転中心Ｘとしてもよい。 In the above description, the reflection center of the reflecting mirror 103 is the rotation center X, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the lower end and the upper end of the reflecting mirror 103 may be set as the rotation center X.
　上記カメラ１０４は、撮影方向に観察者１００が含まれていればよく、設ける位置は特に限定されない。図１では、結像光学素子１０２と反射鏡１０３との間に、カメラ１０４が設けられている。 The camera 104 only needs to include the observer 100 in the shooting direction, and the position of the camera 104 is not particularly limited. In FIG. 1, a camera 104 is provided between the imaging optical element 102 and the reflecting mirror 103.
　＜反射鏡回転制御装置＞・・・図２
　上記反射鏡回転制御装置２００は、図２に示すように、視線角度算出部２０１、回転角度算出部２０２、回転制御部２０３、反射鏡回転機構２０４を備えており、観察者１００の視線位置に応じて反射鏡１０３を回転させるようになっている。 <Reflector rotation control device> ... FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the reflection mirror rotation control device 200 includes a line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201, a rotation angle calculation unit 202, a rotation control unit 203, and a reflection mirror rotation mechanism 204. Accordingly, the reflecting mirror 103 is rotated.
　上記視線角度算出部２０１は、カメラ１０４によって観察者１００の顔が撮影されたデータから、当該観察者１００の顔（目）の位置を特定し、反射鏡１０３への観察者１００による視線角度を算出するようになっている。この観察者１００の顔（目）の位置を特定の仕方、反射鏡１０３への観察者１００による視線角度を算出の仕方の詳細は後述する。 The line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201 specifies the position of the face (eyes) of the observer 100 from the data obtained by photographing the face of the observer 100 by the camera 104, and sets the line-of-sight angle by the observer 100 to the reflecting mirror 103. It comes to calculate. Details of how to specify the position of the face (eyes) of the viewer 100 and how to calculate the line-of-sight angle by the viewer 100 with respect to the reflecting mirror 103 will be described later.
　上記回転角度算出部２０２は、上記視線角度算出部２０１によって算出された視線角度から、反射鏡１０３の回転角度を算出するようになっている。ここでは、観察者１００にとって、仮想ディスプレイ１０５が常に見やすい位置となるように、上記反射鏡１０３の回転角度を求めている。この反射鏡１０３の回転角度の算出の仕方の詳細については後述する。 The rotation angle calculation unit 202 calculates the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror 103 from the line-of-sight angle calculated by the line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201. Here, the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror 103 is determined so that the virtual display 105 is always easy to see for the observer 100. Details of how to calculate the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror 103 will be described later.
　上記回転制御部２０３は、上記回転角度算出部２０２によって算出された回転角度から、反射鏡１０３をどの程度回転させるかを示す回転制御情報を生成するようになっている。 The rotation control unit 203 generates rotation control information indicating how much the reflecting mirror 103 is rotated from the rotation angle calculated by the rotation angle calculation unit 202.
　上記反射鏡回転機構２０４は、上記回転制御部２０３によって生成された回転制御情報に応じた、上記反射鏡１０３を回転させるようになっている。 The reflecting mirror rotating mechanism 204 rotates the reflecting mirror 103 in accordance with the rotation control information generated by the rotation control unit 203.
　＜観察者の顔位置検出及び視線角度算出のメカニズム＞・・・図３、図４
　上記視線角度算出部（顔位置検出手段）２０１による観察者の顔位置検出及び視線角度算出のメカニズムについて説明する。 <Mechanism of observer face position detection and gaze angle calculation> FIG. 3 and FIG.
The mechanism of the observer's face position detection and line-of-sight angle calculation by the line-of-sight angle calculation unit (face position detection means) 201 will be described.
　ここでは、ディスプレイ１０１や結像光学素子１０２の位置を考慮せず、反射鏡１０３と観察者１００の視線に注目して説明する。 Here, the description will be made focusing on the line of sight of the reflecting mirror 103 and the viewer 100 without considering the positions of the display 101 and the imaging optical element 102.
　また、本実施の形態では、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１１は自動車に搭載されているため、観察者１００が運転席に座っていることを想定している。このため、観察者１００の座席ポジションはほぼ固定と考えられるので、観察者１００の位置は身長により座席ポジションの仮想面上のどこかにある事となる。ここでは、身長によって、図３に示すように、観察者１００の座席ポジションの仮想面上の視点位置が、視点Ａ～Ｃの位置になる場合を考える。 Further, in the present embodiment, since the head-up display 11 is mounted on an automobile, it is assumed that the observer 100 is sitting in the driver's seat. For this reason, since the seat position of the observer 100 is considered to be substantially fixed, the position of the observer 100 is somewhere on the virtual plane of the seat position depending on the height. Here, a case is considered where the viewpoint position on the virtual plane of the seat position of the observer 100 becomes the position of the viewpoints A to C as shown in FIG.
　上記の視点Ａ～Ｃの位置（観察者の顔位置）から反射鏡１０３の反射位置に含まれる回転中心Ｘまで延びる直線と、上記回転中心Ｘを通り反射鏡１０３の反射面に直交する直線とで形成される角度θ３ａ～θ３ｃを視線角度として求める。 A straight line extending from the position of the viewpoints A to C (observer's face position) to the rotation center X included in the reflection position of the reflecting mirror 103, and a straight line passing through the rotation center X and orthogonal to the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 103. The angles θ3a to θ3c formed in the above are obtained as the line-of-sight angles.
　この時のカメラ画像としては、図４に示すように、カメラ画像内の高さにより視点Ａ～Ｃに対応する事となり、その時の視線角度がθ３ａ～θ３ｃに対応することになる。 As shown in FIG. 4, the camera image at this time corresponds to viewpoints A to C depending on the height in the camera image, and the line-of-sight angles at that time correspond to θ3a to θ3c.
　つまり、あらかじめカメラ画像内の高さと視線角度θ３ａ～θ３ｃの相関を設定しておくことでカメラ画像から観察者の目線を算出する事が出来る。 That is, by setting the correlation between the height in the camera image and the line-of-sight angles θ3a to θ3c in advance, it is possible to calculate the observer's line of sight from the camera image.
　＜反射鏡の回転角度算出のメカニズム＞・・・・図５～図７
　上記回転角度算出部（傾斜角度調整手段）２０２による反射鏡の回転角度算出のメカニズムについて説明する。ここで、反射鏡１０３は、仮想ディスプレイ１０５に対して前後に傾斜するように回転可能に設けられている。 <Mechanism for calculating the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror>...
A mechanism for calculating the rotation angle of the reflecting mirror by the rotation angle calculation unit (tilt angle adjusting means) 202 will be described. Here, the reflecting mirror 103 is rotatably provided so as to tilt forward and backward with respect to the virtual display 105.
　結像光学素子１０２の下側に設置されたディスプレイ１０１から出た光が当該結像光学素子１０２を介して上側の対称の位置に仮想ディスプレイ１０５を実像として結像させることができる。この仮想ディスプレイ１０５は、反射鏡１０３が設けられない場合の結像位置に形成される。 The light emitted from the display 101 installed on the lower side of the imaging optical element 102 can form the virtual display 105 as a real image at the upper symmetrical position via the imaging optical element 102. The virtual display 105 is formed at an imaging position when the reflecting mirror 103 is not provided.
　また、結像光学素子１０２と仮想ディスプレイ１０５との間の光路中に反射鏡１０３を挿入した場合には、当該反射鏡１０３によって光が反射されて観察者１００側の仮想ディスプレイ１０５で実像として結像する。 Further, when the reflecting mirror 103 is inserted in the optical path between the imaging optical element 102 and the virtual display 105, the light is reflected by the reflecting mirror 103 and is formed as a real image on the virtual display 105 on the viewer 100 side. Image.
　上記結像光学素子１０２は、ディスプレイ１０１から結像光学素子１０２までの光路の距離と、結像光学素子１０２による実像の結像位置までの光路の距離とが同じとなる特性を有している。 The imaging optical element 102 has a characteristic that the distance of the optical path from the display 101 to the imaging optical element 102 is the same as the distance of the optical path to the imaging position of the real image by the imaging optical element 102. .
　従って、ディスプレイ１０１から結像光学素子１０２までの光路の距離Ｌ１は、当該結像光学素子１０２から反射鏡１０３までの光路の距離Ｌ２と、反射鏡１０３から仮想ディスプレイ１０５または仮想ディスプレイ１０５までの光路の距離Ｌ３との和に等しい。 Accordingly, the distance L1 of the optical path from the display 101 to the imaging optical element 102 is the distance L2 of the optical path from the imaging optical element 102 to the reflecting mirror 103 and the optical path from the reflecting mirror 103 to the virtual display 105 or the virtual display 105. Is equal to the sum of the distance L3.
　ここで、ディスプレイ１０１から出射される光の結像光学素子１０２への入射角度をθ１とした場合には結像光学素子１０２からの出射角度もθ１となる。 Here, when the incident angle of the light emitted from the display 101 to the imaging optical element 102 is θ1, the emission angle from the imaging optical element 102 is also θ1.
　又、上記結像光学素子１０２の結像面を含む平面と上記反射鏡１０３の反射面を含む平面とが交差するとき、上記結像光学素子１０２の結像面を含む平面に対する、上記反射鏡１０３の反射面を含む平面の、上記仮想ディスプレイ１０５側の傾斜角度を回転角度θ２とすると、観察者１００に向かう視線角度θ３（上記観察者１００から上記反射鏡１０３に向かって延びる視線の入射角度）は下記の関係式（１）を満たす。 When the plane including the imaging surface of the imaging optical element 102 and the plane including the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 103 intersect, the reflecting mirror with respect to the plane including the imaging surface of the imaging optical element 102 is used. If the tilt angle on the virtual display 105 side of the plane including the reflecting surface 103 is the rotation angle θ2, the viewing angle θ3 toward the viewer 100 (the incident angle of the viewing line extending from the viewer 100 toward the reflecting mirror 103) ) Satisfies the following relational expression (1).
　θ３＝（２×θ２）－９０°－θ１・・・・・・・（１）
　上記の関係式（１）を満たす場合に、観察者１００にとって仮想ディスプレイ１０５における最適な表示を提供できる。 θ3 = (2 × θ2) −90 ° −θ1 (1)
When the above relational expression (1) is satisfied, an optimal display on the virtual display 105 can be provided for the observer 100.
　上記仮想ディスプレイ１０５は、図７に示すような視野角特性を有しており、仮想ディスプレイ１０５の輝度の半値幅が２０°程度となる。 The virtual display 105 has viewing angle characteristics as shown in FIG. 7, and the half value width of the luminance of the virtual display 105 is about 20 °.
　上記仮想ディスプレイ１０５の視野角特性は、上記結像光学素子２の特性と考えられるので、当該結像光学素子２への入射角度θ１は、通常、結像光学素子２の最適視角のセンター（ピーク）の角度に設定する。 Since the viewing angle characteristic of the virtual display 105 is considered to be the characteristic of the imaging optical element 2, the incident angle θ1 to the imaging optical element 2 is usually the center (peak) of the optimal viewing angle of the imaging optical element 2. ) Angle.
　ここで、観測者が初期設定の視線角度θ３に対して身長などの違いにより視線角度がずれた場合には、図７に示すグラフから、仮想ディスプレイ１０５の輝度が著しく低下する事となる。 Here, in the case where the viewing angle is shifted due to a difference in height or the like with respect to the initially set viewing angle θ3, the brightness of the virtual display 105 is significantly reduced from the graph shown in FIG.
　そこで、図６に示すように、観察者１００の視線角度を検出するためにカメラ１０４を設置し、その画像から観察者１００の顔（目）の位置を特定することで、反射鏡１０３への視線角度を特定する。ここまでの処理は、上述した反射鏡回転制御装置２００の視線角度算出部２０１によって行なわれる。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a camera 104 is installed to detect the line-of-sight angle of the observer 100, and the position of the face (eyes) of the observer 100 is specified from the image to Specify the gaze angle. The processing so far is performed by the line-of-sight angle calculation unit 201 of the reflecting mirror rotation control device 200 described above.
　そして、反射鏡回転制御装置２００の回転角度算出部２０２において、上記反射鏡１０３への視線角度になるように、結像光学素子１０２と反射鏡１０３とが成す回転角度θ２を求める。 Then, the rotation angle calculation unit 202 of the reflection mirror rotation control device 200 obtains the rotation angle θ2 formed by the imaging optical element 102 and the reflection mirror 103 so that the line-of-sight angle to the reflection mirror 103 is obtained.
　上記関係式（１）から、結像光学素子１０２と反射鏡１０３との角度θ２は、以下の式（２）によって求める。 From the relational expression (1), the angle θ2 between the imaging optical element 102 and the reflecting mirror 103 is obtained by the following expression (2).
　θ２＝（θ１＋θ３＋９０）／２・・・・・（２）
　観察者１００にとって仮想ディスプレイ１０５を最適な状態で観察できる視線角度θ３を予め求めておけば、上記式（２）から、自ずと、最適な反射鏡１０３の回転角度θ２が求まる。 θ2 = (θ1 + θ3 + 90) / 2 (2)
If the line-of-sight angle θ3 at which the virtual display 105 can be observed in an optimal state for the observer 100 is obtained in advance, the optimum rotation angle θ2 of the reflecting mirror 103 is naturally obtained from the above equation (2).
　このようにして、結像光学素子１０２と反射鏡１０３との角度θ２を調整して、反射鏡１０３を矢印ａ方向または矢印ｂ方向に上記回転角度θ２となるように回転させれば、常に視線方向は最適な視野角方向となる。 In this way, if the angle θ2 between the imaging optical element 102 and the reflecting mirror 103 is adjusted and the reflecting mirror 103 is rotated in the direction of the arrow a or the direction of the arrow b so as to have the rotation angle θ2, the line of sight is always obtained. The direction is the optimal viewing angle direction.
　この時、図６に示すように、最初に設定されていた中心の視線角度θ３に対して実際の観察者１００の視線角度がθ３’であった場合には反射鏡１０３の角度はθ２からθ２’＝θ２-（θ３-θ３’）／２となり、変化量は（θ３-θ３’）／２となり観測者の視線角度の変化量の半分で良いという利点もある。 At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, when the actual viewing angle of the observer 100 is θ3 ′ with respect to the initially set central viewing angle θ3, the angle of the reflecting mirror 103 is changed from θ2 to θ2. '= Θ2− (θ3−θ3 ′) / 2 and the amount of change is (θ3−θ3 ′) / 2, which is advantageous in that it may be half of the amount of change in the viewing angle of the observer.
　以上、本実施の形態では、ヘッドアップディスプレイ１１を自動車に搭載し、観察者はある程度座席に固定され、観察者が自由に視点を移動できない場合について説明したが、以下の実施の形態２では、デジタルサイネージなどの観察者が自由に視点を移動できる場合について説明する。 As described above, in the present embodiment, the case where the head-up display 11 is mounted on a car, the observer is fixed to the seat to some extent, and the observer cannot freely move the viewpoint, but in the following second embodiment, A case where an observer such as digital signage can freely move the viewpoint will be described.
　〔実施の形態２〕
　＜表示システムの動作説明＞・・・図８、図９
　本発明の他の実施の形態を説明すれば以下の通りである。本実施の形態では、表示システムとして、デジタルサイネージに搭載され、観察者である人間の視野に直接情報（速度等）を映し出すヘッドアップディスプレイ（Head-Up Display）を例に説明する。 [Embodiment 2]
<Description of operation of display system>...
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a head-up display that is mounted on digital signage and directly displays information (such as speed) in the field of view of a human being as an observer will be described as an example of the display system.
　図８は、本実施の形態に係るヘッドアップディスプレイ２１の概略構成を示している。なお、ヘッドアップディスプレイ２１は、前記実施の形態１のヘッドアップディスプレイ１１と同じ構成であり、異なるのは、観察者１００の視線移動が自由に行なわれる点である。 FIG. 8 shows a schematic configuration of the head-up display 21 according to the present embodiment. The head-up display 21 has the same configuration as the head-up display 11 of the first embodiment, and the difference is that the line of sight of the observer 100 can be freely moved.
　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイ２１においても、観察者１００の視線移動に追従して結像光学素子１０２と反射鏡１０３との角度θ２を調整することで、観察者１００にとって常に最適な表示を提供するようになっている。 Also in the head-up display 21, by adjusting the angle θ <b> 2 between the imaging optical element 102 and the reflecting mirror 103 following the line-of-sight movement of the observer 100, an optimal display is always provided for the observer 100. It has become.
　本実施の形態では、観察者１００が自由に視線角度を変えることができることを利用して、仮想ディスプレイ１０５で結像された物体を３次元表示しているように見せかけることを可能にしている。 In the present embodiment, it is possible to make the object imaged on the virtual display 105 appear to be displayed three-dimensionally by utilizing the fact that the observer 100 can freely change the viewing angle.
　具体的には、観察者の視点の変化（視線角度の変化）に合わせて、仮想ディスプレイ１０５に表示させる画像も変化させるようにしている。 Specifically, the image displayed on the virtual display 105 is also changed in accordance with the change of the viewpoint of the observer (change in the line of sight angle).
　例えば、観察者１００が上から見るような視線角がＡの場合には、反射鏡１０３を位置Ａに傾く角度として最適表示を実現するとともに、図９の（ａ）に示すように、実際の表示映像を上から見た画像３００に変更する。 For example, when the line-of-sight angle as viewed from above by the observer 100 is A, an optimum display is realized with the reflecting mirror 103 tilted to the position A, and an actual display as shown in FIG. The display image is changed to an image 300 viewed from above.
　また、観察者１００が正面から見るような視線角がＢの場合には、反射鏡１０３を位置Ｂに傾く角度として最適表示を実現するとともに、図９の（ｂ）に示すように、実際の表示映像を下から見た画像３００に変更する。 In addition, when the line-of-sight angle as viewed from the front by the observer 100 is B, an optimum display is realized with the reflecting mirror 103 inclined to the position B, and an actual display is performed as shown in FIG. The display image is changed to an image 300 viewed from below.
　さらに、観察者１００が下から見るような視線角がＣの場合には、反射鏡１０３を位置Ｃに傾く角度として最適表示を実現するとともに、図９の（ｃ）に示すように、実際の表示映像を下から見た画像３００に変更する。 Furthermore, when the line-of-sight angle as viewed from below by the observer 100 is C, optimum display is realized with the reflecting mirror 103 tilted to the position C, and the actual display as shown in FIG. The display image is changed to an image 300 viewed from below.
　上記の表示画像の変更は、下記のようにして実現することができる。 The change of the above display image can be realized as follows.
　上記ディスプレイ１０１によって表示される同一内容の情報を、仮想ディスプレイ１０５の傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像として予め記憶（図示しない記憶手段に記憶する）しておき、上記反射鏡回転制御装置２００によって仮想ディスプレイ１０５の傾斜角度が調整されたとき、仮想ディスプレイ１０５の傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像を予め記憶しておいた画像のなかから読み出して、上記ディスプレイ１０１に表示させる（図示しない表示制御手段によって表示させる）。 Information of the same content displayed on the display 101 is stored in advance (stored in a storage means (not shown)) as an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display 105, and the reflecting mirror rotates. When the tilt angle of the virtual display 105 is adjusted by the control device 200, an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display 105 is read out from the stored images, and the display 101 is read out. (Displayed by display control means not shown).
　以上のように、観察者１００の視線角度に応じて仮想ディスプレイの傾きを変化させて、傾きに応じた映像を表示させることで、実際には平面の表示であるものが、あたかも実際に３Ｄの物体があるように見せることが出来る。 As described above, by changing the tilt of the virtual display in accordance with the viewing angle of the observer 100 and displaying an image corresponding to the tilt, what is actually a flat display is actually 3D. You can make it look like there is an object.
　上記表示素子から出射される光の結像光学素子への入射角度をθ１、上記結像光学素子の結像面を含む平面と上記反射部材の反射面を含む平面とが交差するとき、上記結像光学素子の結像面を含む平面に対する、上記反射部材の反射面を含む平面の、上記仮想ディスプレイ側の傾斜角度を回転角度θ２とすると、上記観察者から上記反射部材に向かって延びる視線の入射角度で示される視線角度θ３は、下記の関係式（１）を満たすことを特徴としている。 When the incident angle of the light emitted from the display element to the imaging optical element is θ1, and the plane including the imaging surface of the imaging optical element and the plane including the reflecting surface of the reflecting member intersect, When the inclination angle on the virtual display side of the plane including the reflecting surface of the reflecting member with respect to the plane including the imaging surface of the image optical element is a rotation angle θ2, the line of sight extending from the observer toward the reflecting member The line-of-sight angle θ3 indicated by the incident angle satisfies the following relational expression (1).
　θ３＝（２×θ２）－９０°－θ１・・・・・・・（１）
　上記の関係式（１）を満たす場合に、観察者にとって仮想ディスプレイにおける最適な表示を提供できる。 θ3 = (2 × θ2) −90 ° −θ1 (1)
When the above relational expression (1) is satisfied, an optimal display on the virtual display can be provided for the observer.
　上記回転角度θ２は、上記関係式（１）から求めた以下の式（２）を満たすことを特徴としている。 The rotation angle θ2 is characterized by satisfying the following expression (2) obtained from the relational expression (1).
　θ２＝（θ１＋θ３＋９０）／２・・・・・（２）
　観察者にとって仮想ディスプレイを最適な状態で観察できる視線角度θ３を予め求めておけば、上記式（２）から、自ずと、最適な反射部材の回転角度θ２を求めることができる。 θ2 = (θ1 + θ3 + 90) / 2 (2)
If the line-of-sight angle θ3 at which the virtual display can be observed in an optimum state for the observer is obtained in advance, the optimum rotation angle θ2 of the reflecting member can be obtained from the above formula (2).
　上記表示素子によって表示される同一内容の情報を、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像として予め記憶する記憶手段と、上記傾斜角度調整手段によって仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度が調整されたとき、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像を上記記憶手段から読み出して、上記表示素子に表示させる表示制御手段とが設けられていてもよい。 Storage means for pre-storing information of the same content displayed by the display element as an image corresponding to a tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display, and the tilt angle of the virtual display is adjusted by the tilt angle adjusting means And a display control unit that reads out an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display from the storage unit and displays the image on the display element.
　上記構成によれば、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像を上記記憶手段から読み出して、上記表示素子に表示させているので、実際には平面の表示であるものが、あたかも実際に３Ｄの物体があるように見せることが可能となる。 According to the above configuration, since the video corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display is read from the storage unit and displayed on the display element, the display is actually a flat display. It is possible to make it appear as if there is an actual 3D object.
　本発明は上述した各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、請求項に示した範囲で種々の変更が可能であり、異なる実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
　本発明は、観察者である人間の視野に直接情報（速度等）を映し出すヘッドアップディスプレイ等の表示システムに利用することができる。 The present invention can be used in a display system such as a head-up display that directly displays information (speed, etc.) in the field of view of a human being who is an observer.
１１　ヘッドアップディスプレイ
２１　ヘッドアップディスプレイ
１００　観察者
１０１　ディスプレイ（表示素子）
１０２　結像光学素子
１０３　反射鏡（反射部材）
１０４　カメラ（顔位置検出手段）
１０５　仮想ディスプレイ
２００　反射鏡回転制御装置
２０１　視線角度算出部
２０２　回転角度算出部
２０３　回転制御部
２０４　反射鏡回転機構
３００　画像 11 Head Up Display 21 Head Up Display 100 Observer 101 Display (Display Element)
102 Imaging optical element 103 Reflective mirror (reflective member)
104 Camera (face position detection means)
105 Virtual Display 200 Reflector Rotation Control Device 201 Gaze Angle Calculation Unit 202 Rotation Angle Calculation Unit 203 Rotation Control Unit 204 Reflector Rotation Mechanism 300 Image

Claims (5)

  1. 　観察者の視野に直接情報を映し出す表示システムであって、
    　情報を表示する表示素子と、
    　表示素子に表示された情報を光として受け取り、上記表示素子と対称となる空間に結像する結像光学素子と、
    　上記結像光学素子と上記結像との間の光路上に配され、当該結像光学素子からの光を観察者側で結像するように反射する反射部材と、
    　上記反射部材によって反射されて結像された実像を仮想ディスプレイとし、この仮想ディスプレイを観察している観察者の顔の位置を検出する顔位置検出手段と、
    　上記顔位置検出手段によって検出された観察者の顔位置と、上記反射部材の反射位置とを結ぶ直線の傾きを観察者の視線角度とし、
    　上記顔位置と上記結像とを結ぶ直線の傾きを仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度としたとき、
    　上記視線角度に応じて上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整する傾斜角度調整手段とを備え、
    　上記反射部材は、上記仮想ディスプレイに対して前後に傾斜するように回転可能に設けられ、
    　上記傾斜角度調整手段は、
    　上記視線角度に応じて、上記反射部材を回転させることで、上記仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度を調整することを特徴とする表示システム。     A display system that displays information directly in the viewer's field of view,
    A display element for displaying information;
    An imaging optical element that receives information displayed on the display element as light and forms an image in a space symmetrical to the display element;
    A reflecting member disposed on an optical path between the imaging optical element and the imaging, and reflecting the light from the imaging optical element so as to form an image on the observer side;
    A real image formed by being reflected by the reflecting member as a virtual display, and a face position detecting means for detecting the position of the face of the observer observing the virtual display;
    The inclination of the straight line connecting the observer's face position detected by the face position detection means and the reflection position of the reflecting member is the observer's line-of-sight angle,
    When the inclination of the straight line connecting the face position and the imaging is the inclination angle of the virtual display,
    Tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting the tilt angle of the virtual display according to the line-of-sight angle,
    The reflection member is rotatably provided so as to be tilted back and forth with respect to the virtual display.
    The tilt angle adjusting means includes:
    A display system, wherein the tilt angle of the virtual display is adjusted by rotating the reflecting member according to the line-of-sight angle.
  2. 　上記表示素子から出射される光の結像光学素子への入射角度をθ１、
    　上記結像光学素子の結像面を含む平面と上記反射部材の反射面を含む平面とが交差するとき、上記結像光学素子の結像面を含む平面に対する、上記反射部材の反射面を含む平面の、上記仮想ディスプレイ側の傾斜角度を回転角度θ２とすると、
    　上記観察者から上記反射部材に向かって延びる視線の入射角度で示される視線角度θ３は、下記の関係式（１）
    　θ３＝（２×θ２）－９０°－θ１・・・・・・・（１）
    を満たすことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の表示システム。     The incident angle of the light emitted from the display element to the imaging optical element is θ1,
    When the plane including the imaging surface of the imaging optical element and the plane including the reflecting surface of the reflecting member intersect, the reflecting surface of the reflecting member is included with respect to the plane including the imaging surface of the imaging optical element. When the inclination angle of the plane on the virtual display side is the rotation angle θ2,
    The line-of-sight angle θ3 indicated by the incident angle of the line of sight extending from the observer toward the reflecting member is expressed by the following relational expression (1).
    θ3 = (2 × θ2) −90 ° −θ1 (1)
    The display system according to claim 1, wherein:
  3. 　上記回転角度θ２は、上記関係式（１）から求めた以下の式（２）
    　θ２＝（θ１＋θ３＋９０）／２・・・・・（２）
    を満たすことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の表示システム。     The rotation angle θ2 is the following formula (2) obtained from the relational formula (1).
    θ2 = (θ1 + θ3 + 90) / 2 (2)
    The display system according to claim 2, wherein:
  4. 　上記表示素子によって表示される同一内容の情報を、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像として予め記憶する記憶手段と、
    　上記傾斜角度調整手段によって仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度が調整されたとき、仮想ディスプレイの傾斜角度に応じて傾斜させた状態に対応した映像を上記記憶手段から読み出して、上記表示素子に表示させる表示制御手段とが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１～３の何れか１項に記載の表示システム。     Storage means for preliminarily storing the same content information displayed by the display element as an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display;
    When the tilt angle of the virtual display is adjusted by the tilt angle adjusting means, a display control means for reading an image corresponding to the tilted state according to the tilt angle of the virtual display from the storage means and displaying it on the display element The display system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the display system is provided.
  5. 　速度、エンジンの回転数等の自動車の走行状態に関する情報を、運転手の視野に直接映し出すヘッドアップディスプレイ（Head-Up Display）を搭載した自動車であって、
    　上記ヘッドアップディスプレイは、請求項１～４の何れか１項に記載の表示システムからなることを特徴とする自動車。
          It is a car equipped with a head-up display that displays information on the driving state of the car, such as speed and engine speed, directly in the driver's field of view.
    The automobile, wherein the head-up display comprises the display system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
PCT/JP2012/076537 2011-12-06 2012-10-12 Display system and automobile WO2013084592A1 (en)

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CN114035324A (en) * 2021-10-31 2022-02-11 东风商用车有限公司 HUD light path projection system and method
CN114035324B (en) * 2021-10-31 2023-09-22 东风商用车有限公司 HUD light path projection system and HUD light path projection method

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