WO2013081537A1 - Spiral heat exchanger with anti-fouling properties - Google Patents
Spiral heat exchanger with anti-fouling properties Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013081537A1 WO2013081537A1 PCT/SE2012/051310 SE2012051310W WO2013081537A1 WO 2013081537 A1 WO2013081537 A1 WO 2013081537A1 SE 2012051310 W SE2012051310 W SE 2012051310W WO 2013081537 A1 WO2013081537 A1 WO 2013081537A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spiral
- heat exchanger
- sheets
- coating
- spiral heat
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
- C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
- C09D5/1675—Polyorganosiloxane-containing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by spirally-wound plates or laminae
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/04—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
Definitions
- the present invention refers generally to spiral heat exchangers allowing a heat transfer between two fluids at different temperature for various purposes.
- the invention relates to a spiral heat exchanger which has been coated for improving anti-fouling properties and has in some embodiments been given
- Spiral heat exchangers are generally formed by winding two metal sheets around one another so as to delimit two separate passages.
- the two flat sheets are welded together at a respective end, wherein the welded joint will be comprised in a center portion of the sheets.
- the two sheets are wound around one another to form the spiral element of the sheets so as to delimit two separate passages or flow channels.
- Distance members having a height corresponding to the width of the flow channels, may be arranged on one or both of the sheets.
- Two inlet/outlet channels are formed in the center of the spiral element.
- the two channels are separated from each other by the center portion of the sheets.
- a shell is welded onto the outer periphery of the spiral element.
- the side ends of the spiral element are processed, wherein the spiral flow channels may be laterally closed at the two side ends in various ways.
- a cover is attached to each of the ends.
- the covers may include connection pipes extending into the center and communicating with a respective one of the two flow channels.
- a respective header is welded to the shell or the spiral element forming an outlet/inlet member to the respective flow channel
- spiral heat exchanger is described for example in US-5 505 255.
- the spiral heat exchanger is formed by winding two metal sheets each having protrusions on one of their faces.
- the sheets of spiral heat exchangers are made of metal.
- the base material i.e. metals used, may have a high surface free energy that results in most liquids easily wetting the surface of the sheets.
- spiral heat exchanger sheets when spiral heat exchanger sheets are produced the forming operation thereof may increase the surface roughness which often is associated with faster build up of fouling deposits.
- WO2009034359 discloses provision of a coating to reduce bio-fouling of surfaces in aquatic environments wherein the coating is applied by use of Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (PACVD).
- PSVD Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition
- US20090123730 discloses a surface of a heat exchanger which is to be soldered by means of a flux, and said surface is in addition to the flux also provided with at least one more layer containing an additive. The additive is reacted in order to modify the surface during soldering.
- WO20081 19751 discloses production of a hydrophobic coating for condensers wherein the coating comprises sol-gel materials based on e.g. silicon oxide sol.
- JP2000345355 relates to improving corrosion resistance and discloses a film consisting of 55-99 wt% Si0 2 and 45-1wt% Zr0 2 which film is formed using sol-gel processing.
- US2006/0196644 discloses a heat exchanger provided with a hydrophilic surface coating comprising a gel produced by sol-gel processing.
- a problem encountered with presently known anti-fouling coatings is the poor wear resistance of the coatings in applications with abrasive heat exchanging media, e g sand or other particulate material which enters the spiral heat exchanger with the heat exchanging fluids. Furthermore, cracks in the coating may occur due to torque and tension forces acting on the spiral heat exchanger sheets in applications under high pressures.
- a spiral heat exchanger comprising a spiral body formed by at least one spiral sheet wound to form the spiral body forming at least a first spiral-shaped flow channel for a first medium and a second spiral-shaped flow channel for a second medium.
- the spiral body is enclosed by a substantially cylindrical shell being provided with connecting elements communicating with the first flow channel and the second flow channel.
- the spiral heat exchanger is provided with a coating comprising silicon oxide, SiO x , having an atomic ratio of O/Si > 1 , a content of carbon ⁇ 10 atomic% and a coating layer thickness of about 5-60 ⁇ , which coating was prepared by sol-gel processing and applied to at least a part of the sheets.
- the spiral heat exchanger is advantageous in that fouling of the sheets is reduced significantly.
- a coating composition comprising sol-gel material with organosilicon compounds to the spiral heat exchanger sheets both the surface free energy and roughness is lowered, leading to reduction of fouling, less and easy cleaning of spiral heat exchanger sheets.
- the sol-gel coated spiral heat exchanger sheets of the invention exhibit an excellent wear resistance and have a flexibility that reduces the risk of cracks appearing in the coating.
- the sheets of the spiral heat exchanger have a thickness of 2-6 mm.
- the layer thickness of said coating on the piral heat exchanger sheets is 5-30 ⁇ , preferably 2-20 ⁇
- the coating comprising silicon oxide, SiO x has an atomic ratio of O/Si ⁇ 1.5-3, preferably O/Si ⁇ 2-2.5.
- the composition has a content of carbon ⁇ 20-60 atomic%, preferably ⁇ 30-40 atomic%.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an open spiral heat exchanger according to the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic cross sectional view of a spiral heat exchanger according to the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic cross section of a sheet for a spiral heat exchanger comprising an anti-fouling coating according to the invention.
- a commonly known spiral heat exchanger includes at least one spiral sheet extending along a respective spiral-shaped path around a common centre axis and forming at least two spiral-shaped flow channels which flow channels are substantially parallel to each other.
- Each flow channel includes a radially outer orifice, which enables communication between the respective flow channel and a respective outlet/inlet conduit and which is located at a radially outer part of the respective flow channel with respect to the centre axis, and a radially inner orifice, which enables communication between the respective flow channel and a respective inlet/outlet chamber, so that each flow channel permits a heat exchange fluid to flow in a substantially tangential direction with respect to the centre axis.
- the centre axis extends through the inlet/outlet chambers at the radially inner orifice.
- Distance members (not shown in Fig. 1), having a height corresponding to the width of the flow channels may be attached to the sheets or be formed on the surface of the sheets.
- the distance members or studs support the spiral body formed by the at least one spiral sheets and the inner surface of the shell to resist the pressure of the working fluids of the spiral heat exchanger 1.
- Fig. 1 is shown a perspective view of a spiral heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention.
- the spiral heat exchanger 1 includes a spiral body 2, formed in a conventional way by winding two sheets 3 of metal around a retractable mandrel.
- the sheets 3 are provided with distance members or supports 4 (not shown in Fig. 1) attached to the sheets 3.
- the distance members or supports 4 serve to form the flow channels 5a, 5b between the sheets 3 and have a length corresponding to the width of the flow channels 5a, 5b.
- the spiral body 2 only has been schematically shown with a number of wounds, but it is obvious that it may include further wounds and that the wounds are formed from the centre of the spiral body 2 all the way out to the peripheral of the spiral body 2.
- the spiral body 2 is enclosed by a shell 6.
- the shell 6 is formed as a cylinder having open ends, the open ends being provided with a flange. Lids or covers 7a, 7b are provided to close the shell 6 in each end. Connection elements 8a, 8b are attached to the outer surface of the shell 6. The lids or covers 7a, 7b are provided with connection elements 8a, 8b. The connection elements 8a-b and 9a-9b are typically welded to the shell 6 and the covers 7a, 7b, and are all provided with a flange for connecting the spiral heat exchanger 1 to a piping arrangement of the system of which the spiral heat exchanger 1 is a part of. Other configurations of the connection elements are also possible.
- the spiral heat exchanger 1 is further provided with gaskets, each gasket being arranged between the open ends of the shell, the spiral body 2 and the lids or cover 7a, 7b.
- the gaskets serves to seal off the different wounds of the flow channels 5a or 5b from each other to prevent that a medium in the flow channels to bypass wounds of flow channels 5a or 5b and lowering the thermal exchange.
- the gaskets which can be formed as a spiral similar to the spiral of the spiral body 2, is then squeezed onto each wound of the spiral body 2. Alternatively the gaskets are squeezed between the spiral body 2 and the lids or covers 7a, 7b.
- the gaskets can also be configured in other ways as long as the sealing effect is achieved.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross section of the spiral heat exchanger 1 of Fig.1 having a spiral body 2, connections 8a, 8b provided on the covers 7a, 7b of the spiral heat exchanger 1 and connected to the flow channels 5a, 5b, respectively, at the centre of the spiral body 2, and connections 9a, 9b provided on the outer of the shell 6 of the spiral heat exchanger 1 and connected to the flow channels 5a, 5b, respectively.
- the coating used according to the present invention may be referred to as a non-stick coating and makes it easy to clean the sheets 1 a of a fouled spiral heat exchanger 2.
- the coated sheets 3 according to the present invention show a better heat transfer over time compared to conventional spiral heat exchanger sheets since the latter ones gets fouled much quicker and thus decrease the heat transfer performance to a larger extent.
- the coating of the sheets also results in a much more even surface thus resulting in better flow characteristics.
- the pressure drop is reduced over time for a spiral heat exchanger according to the present invention in comparison with conventional spiral heat exchangers, since the buildup of impurities, microorganisms and other substances is not as pronounced.
- the coated spiral heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention may easily be cleaned just using high pressure washing with water. With a sheet 3 according to the present invention there is no need for extensive time consuming mechanical cleaning or cleaning using strong acids, bases or detergents.
- the sheets 3 of a spiral heat exchanger 1 is coated with a composition comprising organosilicon compounds using a sol-gel process.
- the organosilicon compounds are starting materials used in the sol-gel process and are preferably silicon alkoxy compounds.
- a sol is converted into a gel to produce nano-materials.
- nano-materials Through hydrolysis and condensation reactions a three-dimensional network of interlayered molecules is produced in a liquid.
- Thermal processing stages serve to process the gel further into nano-materials or nanostructures resulting in a final coating.
- the coating comprising said nano-materials or nanostructures mainly comprise silicon oxide, SiO x , having an atomic ratio of O/Si > 1 , preferably an atomic ratio of O/Si ⁇ 1.5-3, and most preferably O/Si ⁇ 2-2.5.
- a preferred silicon oxide is silica, Si0 2 .
- the siliconoxide forms a three dimensional network having excellent adhesion to the sheets.
- the coating of the present invention further has a content of carbon such as found in hydrocarbon chains.
- the carbon content is ⁇ 10 atomic%, preferably ⁇ 20-60 atomic%, and most preferably ⁇ 30-40 atomic%.
- the hydrocarbons impart flexibility and resilience to the coating.
- the hydrocarbon chains are hydrophobic and oleophobic which results in the non-stick properties of the coating.
- Fig 3 is shown a schematic drawing of a sheet 3 for a spiral heat exchanger provided with a siliconoxide sol gel coating 10.
- an interface 1 1 between the coating 10 and a metal oxide film of the sheet 3.
- the coating bulk that follows said interface is the siloxane network 12 with organic linker chains and voids that impart flexibility to the coating 10.
- the outermost layer of the coating 10 is a functional surface13, i e a
- a sheet 3 for a spiral heat exchanger 1 which has excellent non-stick properties and also is wear and crack resistant.
- the flexibility of the coating is especially important in order to avoid cracking of the coating when the sheets move in relation to each other.
- At least one sol comprising organosilicon compound is applied to the surface to be coated.
- the surface may be wetted/coated with the sol in any suitable way. It is preferable for the surface coating to be applied by spraying, dipping or flooding.
- At least a part of one side of the spiral heat exchanger sheet is to be coated. Alternatively, all surfaces of at least one side of a sheet which during use in a spiral heat exchanger would be in contact with a fluid are coated.
- at least one side of a spiral heat exchanger sheet may be entirely coated. Alternatively, both sides of the sheet may be coated. If both sides are coated, they may be partly or fully coated, in any combination. Naturally, more surfaces than the surfaces intended to be in contact with fluid may be coated. Preferably, all surfaces in contact with a fluid giving rise to fouling are coated.
- the method comprises a pretreatment of at least the surfaces on the heat exchanger sheets to be coated with at least one sol.
- This pretreatment is also preferably carried out by means of dipping, flooding or spraying.
- the pretreatment is used to clean the surfaces to be coated in order to obtain increased adhesion of the latter coating to the heat exchanger sheet.
- Examples of such pretreatments are treatment with acetone and/or alkaline solutions, e.g. caustic solution.
- the method comprises thermal processing stages, e.g. a drying operation may be carried out after a pretreatment and a drying and/or curing operation is often necessary after the actual coating of the sheet with said sol.
- the coating is preferably subjected to heat using conventional heating apparatus, such as e.g. ovens.
- the composition comprising SiOx is applied to a sheet 3 to be used in a spiral heat exchanger.
- the application of the composition is made by means of sol-gel processing.
- the resulting film of said composition on the sheet is preferably between 1 and 30 ⁇ thick.
- the thickness of the coated film is important for the use in a spiral heat exchanger .
- a film thickness below 1 ⁇ is considered being not enough wear resistant since the sheets in a spiral heat exchanger in use are able to move slightly in relation to each other. This slight movement causes wear on the film and with time the coating will become worn down.
- the thickness of the film has an upper limit since the application of substances on the heat transfer sheets influences the heat transfer and thus the performance of the spiral heat exchanger.
- the upper limit for the applied film is preferably 30 ⁇ .
- the film thickness of the silicon oxide sol containing composition is 1-30 ⁇ , preferably 1.5-25 ⁇ , preferably 2-20 ⁇ , preferably 2-15 ⁇ , preferably 2-10 ⁇ and preferably 3-10 ⁇ .
- the base material for the sheets may be chosen from several metals and metal alloys.
- the base material is chosen from titanium, nickel, copper, any alloys of the before mentioned, stainless steel and/or carbon steel.
- titanium, any alloys of the before mentioned or stainless steel is preferred.
- Coat 1 is a silan terminated polymer in butyl acetate and Coat 2 is a polysiloxan-urethan resin in solvent naphtha/butylacetate.
- Adhesion was determined by cross-cut/tape test according to DIN EN ISO 2409. Rating is from 0 (excellent) to 5 (terrible). 0 or 1 is acceptable while 2 to 5 is not. First digit indicates rating after cross cut (1 mm grid) and the second digit gives rating after tape has been applied and taken off again.
- the substrates required pre-treatment.
- the substrate is submerged in an alkaline cleaning detergent for 30 minutes. Afterwards the substrate is washed with water and demineralized water and is dried before Coat 1 is applied within half an hour to achieve the optimal adhesion. Tests have shown that the adhesion is reduced if cleaning of the substrate is only carried out with acetone.
- Pre-treatment is also necessary for stainless steel substrates coated with Coat 2. This coating displayed unaffected adhesion whether an alkaline detergent or acetone was used as pre-treatment. If the pre-treatment step is neglected or not made correctly it will affect coating adhesion.
- Both coatings showed good stability under acidic condition.
- the coatings were stable for 1 1 ⁇ 2 hour at 75 °C and more than 24 hours at room temperature.
- Coat 1 Under alkaline conditions Coat 1 showed a better result than Coat 2. Coat 1 could withstand the alkaline conditions for 3 hours at 85 °C and Coat 2 for 2 hours at 85 °C. Both coatings showed no decomposition or reduction in oleophobic properties after being submerged in crude oil at room temperature for 6 months.
- Coat 1 and Coat 2 were applied to spiral heat exchanger sheets. All sheets underwent pre-treatment which consisted of:
- XPS X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- ESCA Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis
- the measuring principle is that a sample, placed in high vacuum, is irradiated with well defined x-ray energy resulting in the emission of photoelectrons. Only those from the outermost surface layers reach the detector. By analyzing the kinetic energy of these photoelectrons, their binding energy can be calculated, thus giving their origin in relation to the element and the electron shell.
- XPS provides quantitative data on both the elemental composition and different chemical states of an element (different functional groups, chemical bonding, oxidation state, etc). All elements except hydrogen and helium are detected and the surface chemical composition obtained is expressed in atomic%.
- XPS spectra were recorded using a Kratos AXIS Ultra DLD x-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The samples were analyzed using a monochromatic Al x-ray source. The analysis area was below 1 mm 2 .
- thermo-imaging After four months of operation an off-shore pre-inspection by thermo-imaging was performed. Thermo-image of the mid region of heat exchanger in operation. The identity of the two coating systems was presumed from the installation, but it was obvious that two sets of spiral heat exchanger sheets show increased heat transfer compared to the rest of the unit.
- the inspection showed an elevation temperature at the coated sheets.
- the non-coated sheets showed a lower operating temperature.
- the difference in temperature is presumed due to reduced fouling, hence a higher crude oil flow in the coated region which produces an elevated temperature.
- fouling is used to describe the deposits formed on the sheets during operation.
- the fouling are residues and deposits formed by the crude oil and consists of a waxy, organic part and a mineral/inorganic part.
- the average amount of fouling per surface type was calculated (table 3). Note, the weight of the coating was not compensated for and so the real fouling reduction is slightly higher. If the coating is estimated to be pure Si0 2 (density 2.6 g/cm 3 ) then the amount of coating per sheet is about 20 g.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2014126369A RU2014126369A (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | SPIRAL HEAT EXCHANGER WITH ANTI-AGING PROPERTIES |
JP2014543451A JP2015504507A (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Spiral heat exchanger with non-depositing properties |
US14/357,511 US20140318748A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Spiral heat exchanger with anti-fouling properties |
EP12806189.2A EP2786086A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Spiral heat exchanger with anti-fouling properties |
CN201280058204.XA CN103946667A (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Spiral heat exchanger with anti-fouling properties |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1151126 | 2011-11-28 | ||
SE1151126.8 | 2011-11-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013081537A1 true WO2013081537A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
Family
ID=47430026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2012/051310 WO2013081537A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Spiral heat exchanger with anti-fouling properties |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140318748A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2786086A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2015504507A (en) |
CN (1) | CN103946667A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2014126369A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013081537A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITUB20150576A1 (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-10-24 | Hexsol Italy Srl | HEAT EXCHANGER WITH BUNDLE TUBE AND IMPROVED STRUCTURE |
EP3093331A1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-16 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and system for the production and cooling of pyrolysis tar |
US10495384B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2019-12-03 | General Electric Company | Counter-flow heat exchanger with helical passages |
US10221488B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2019-03-05 | General Electric Company | Supercritical water method for treating internal passages |
WO2017214489A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | Fluid Handling Llc | 3d spiral heat exchanger |
US11709156B2 (en) | 2017-09-18 | 2023-07-25 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Use of vapor deposition coated flow paths for improved analytical analysis |
US11709155B2 (en) | 2017-09-18 | 2023-07-25 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Use of vapor deposition coated flow paths for improved chromatography of metal interacting analytes |
JP7303647B2 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2023-07-05 | 株式会社Subaru | spiral heat exchanger |
US11918936B2 (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2024-03-05 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Performance and dynamic range for oligonucleotide bioanalysis through reduction of non specific binding |
US11927402B2 (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2024-03-12 | The Boeing Company | Heat transfer device with nested layers of helical fluid channels |
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US5505255A (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1996-04-09 | Viessmann; Hans | Heat exchanger for arrangement behind the combustion chamber of a heating boiler |
US5787974A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-08-04 | Pennington; Robert L. | Spiral heat exchanger and method of manufacture |
JP2000345355A (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-12 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Zirconium-containing siliceous film, and liquid for forming the film |
US20060196644A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2006-09-07 | Snjezana Boger | Heat exchanger and method for treating the surface of said heat exchanger |
WO2008119751A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Coating for vapor condensers |
WO2009034359A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Teer Coatings Limited | Coatings to resist and protect against aquatic biofouling |
US20090123730A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2009-05-14 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Surface to be soldered |
EP2213697A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2010-08-04 | DIC Corporation | Aqueous composite resin composition, coating agent containing the same, and multilayer body using the coating agent |
EP2239137A1 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2010-10-13 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Hydrophilic members |
Family Cites Families (3)
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FR2313650A1 (en) * | 1975-06-05 | 1976-12-31 | Bertin & Cie | COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGER FOR FLUIDS |
DE10056242A1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-23 | Alstom Switzerland Ltd | Condensation heat exchanger has heat exchanger surfaces having a coating consisting of a alternating sequence of layers made up of a hard layer with amorphous carbon or a plasma polymer |
CN201364057Y (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-12-16 | 张家港市华菱化工机械有限公司 | Spiral plate heat exchanger |
-
2012
- 2012-11-28 RU RU2014126369A patent/RU2014126369A/en unknown
- 2012-11-28 WO PCT/SE2012/051310 patent/WO2013081537A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-11-28 US US14/357,511 patent/US20140318748A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-11-28 EP EP12806189.2A patent/EP2786086A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-11-28 CN CN201280058204.XA patent/CN103946667A/en active Pending
- 2012-11-28 JP JP2014543451A patent/JP2015504507A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5505255A (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1996-04-09 | Viessmann; Hans | Heat exchanger for arrangement behind the combustion chamber of a heating boiler |
US5787974A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-08-04 | Pennington; Robert L. | Spiral heat exchanger and method of manufacture |
JP2000345355A (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-12 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Zirconium-containing siliceous film, and liquid for forming the film |
US20060196644A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2006-09-07 | Snjezana Boger | Heat exchanger and method for treating the surface of said heat exchanger |
US20090123730A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2009-05-14 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Surface to be soldered |
WO2008119751A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Coating for vapor condensers |
WO2009034359A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Teer Coatings Limited | Coatings to resist and protect against aquatic biofouling |
EP2239137A1 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2010-10-13 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Hydrophilic members |
EP2213697A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2010-08-04 | DIC Corporation | Aqueous composite resin composition, coating agent containing the same, and multilayer body using the coating agent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2014126369A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
US20140318748A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
JP2015504507A (en) | 2015-02-12 |
CN103946667A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
EP2786086A1 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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