WO2013079686A1 - System for measuring a load current and for diagnosing an absence of load or an overload - Google Patents

System for measuring a load current and for diagnosing an absence of load or an overload Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013079686A1
WO2013079686A1 PCT/EP2012/074138 EP2012074138W WO2013079686A1 WO 2013079686 A1 WO2013079686 A1 WO 2013079686A1 EP 2012074138 W EP2012074138 W EP 2012074138W WO 2013079686 A1 WO2013079686 A1 WO 2013079686A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resistor
voltage
threshold value
control circuit
series
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PCT/EP2012/074138
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Klein
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Valeo Etudes Electroniques
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Application filed by Valeo Etudes Electroniques filed Critical Valeo Etudes Electroniques
Priority to CN201811201562.7A priority Critical patent/CN109683012B/en
Priority to EP12809639.3A priority patent/EP2786158A1/en
Priority to CN201280058687.3A priority patent/CN103959074A/en
Publication of WO2013079686A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013079686A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/08—Circuits for altering the measuring range
    • G01R15/09—Autoranging circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16504—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the components employed
    • G01R19/16519—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the components employed using FET's
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0822—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
    • G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/0027—Measuring means of, e.g. currents through or voltages across the switch

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to load current measurement systems used to diagnose no load or overload in an electrical circuit.
  • a non-limiting field of application particularly concerned by the present invention is that of control of lighting and / or signaling in motor vehicles.
  • intelligent power switches to control the proper operation of the various lighting and / or signaling devices (high beam, crossing or distress, overflow indicators, stop lamps). .).
  • Such intelligent power switches known by various names such as the SmartMOS trademark, the English Smart FET name, or the acronym IPS (English initials set for Intelligent Power Switch) integrate a functionality of measurement of the currents of load and diagnostics to detect on the one hand, any overload due to a short circuit, and secondly, no load, due for example to a defect in the lamp used or the disconnection of a wire power.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional diagram of the use of an intelligent power switch, symbolized by reference numeral 1.
  • the BATT and GND connections make it possible to connect the switch 1 between respectively a source of DC voltage supply, typically the battery of a vehicle (not shown) via an electrical connection 10, and a potential point. electrical reference.
  • the connection OUT makes it possible to establish an electrical connection 11 of the intelligent switch 1 with the load or the loads (not represented) which it controls.
  • the IS connection delivers the load current Is measured by the intelligent switch 1.
  • the IN connection receives from a microcontroller 2 external to the switch 1 orders whose nature is a function of the diagnosis made, such as an order cut-off the supply of a load in case of detection of an overload.
  • the load current Is is converted into a voltage value Vs through the use of a resistor 3 electrically connected between the IS connection and the electrical reference.
  • This voltage value Vs is supplied to an analog / digital conversion module 20, preferably integrated with the microcontroller 2.
  • the microcontroller 2 can then compare the voltage Vs at any time with predefined threshold values, and decide to send commands to the smart switch 1 based on the comparison results.
  • the lighting and / or signaling devices used today can be either incandescent lamps or light-emitting diodes or LEDs, which leads to a very large dynamic currents likely to be measured by the same switch clever.
  • the intelligent switch must be able to measure currents up to 4 amperes to detect a short circuit, and as low as 50 mA in the case of a lack of charge.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the above drawback by proposing a system for obtaining, from the same intelligent switch, a very accurate measurement of the charging current, on the one hand, for low value currents. likely to be present in case of absence of load, and secondly, for large currents of values reflecting an overload.
  • the subject of the present invention is a system for measuring a charge and diagnostic current of a lack of charge or an overcharge, comprising an intelligent power switch capable of delivering a measurement of the charging current on a current output, means for converting the measured charging current into a voltage value and a microcontroller capable of delivering commands to said intelligent power switch functions of said voltage value, characterized in that said conversion means comprise a first resistance and a second resistance connected. in series between said current output and a reference potential, and in that the system further comprises a control circuit able to compare the voltage taken at the terminals of said first resistor and second resistor connected in series to a predetermined threshold value and to automatically short-circuiting the first or second resistor when the sampled voltage is greater than said threshold value.
  • the control circuit is further adapted to automatically disable the short circuit on the first or the second resistor when the voltage taken is less than said threshold value;
  • control circuit comprises, for example, a MOS transistor whose drain and source are connected respectively to the terminals of the resistor to be short-circuited, and whose gate-source voltage corresponds to said threshold value;
  • control circuit may advantageously comprise means of protection against an overvoltage, for example a series association of a protection resistor and a Zener diode, connected in parallel with the set of series composed of the first resistor and the second resistor and whose common terminal is electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor.
  • means of protection against an overvoltage for example a series association of a protection resistor and a Zener diode, connected in parallel with the set of series composed of the first resistor and the second resistor and whose common terminal is electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor.
  • FIG. 1 already described, describes a conventional diagram of the use of a smart switch for the purpose of diagnosing the correct operation of a load;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of the use of this same intelligent switch in a system according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 represents the variation of the voltage at the terminals of the conversion means as a function of the load current measured for different operating ranges of the system of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 shows a possible embodiment of the system according to the invention.
  • the invention starts from the observation that the dynamics of the current to be measured is certainly wide, but that the system needs to measure the current accurately only in the low values on the one hand, and in the high values on the other hand, in order to be able to respectively diagnose a lack of charge or an overload.
  • the invention proposes a system that makes it possible to automatically adapt the voltage conversion of the load current measured by the switch as a function of the operating zone of the system in which one is located.
  • FIG. 2 shows the conventional elements of a system for measuring a charging and diagnostic current already described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the means for converting the measured load current are not constituted here of a resistor, but of two resistors 3 and 4 connected in series between the current output IS of the intelligent power switch 1 and the reference potential.
  • the system comprises a control circuit, represented here by a switch 5 and a comparator 6, this control circuit being able to compare the voltage Vs taken across the series combination of the resistors 3 and 4 to a threshold value.
  • V t predetermined and automatically shorten one or the other of the two resistors 3 or 4 when the sampled voltage is greater than this threshold value V t .
  • V t predetermined and automatically shorten one or the other of the two resistors 3 or 4 when the sampled voltage is greater than this threshold value V t .
  • the switch 5 is connected in parallel with the resistor 4. It is therefore here this resistor 4 which is short-circuited when the value of the voltage on the terminal 6a of the comparator 6 is greater than the threshold value V t on the terminal 6b of this comparator.
  • the control circuit 5, 6 automatically deactivates the short circuit when the sampled voltage is lower than the threshold value V t .
  • the control circuit according to the invention makes it possible to define several visible operating zones in FIG. 3 which represents the variations of the voltage Vs as a function of the load current Is:
  • Vs (R1 + R2) x Is, in which R1 and R2 are the respective values of resistors 3 and 4
  • V s RI x Is
  • the lower zone FMIN and the upper zone FMAX make it possible to increase the accuracy on the conversion of the load current measured into a voltage, and consequently on the diagnosis of a lack of load or an overload.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a possible embodiment of a system according to the present invention:
  • the control circuit comprises a MOS transistor 7 whose drain and source are connected respectively to the terminals of the resistor to be short-circuited, in the example, the resistor 4, and whose gate-source voltage corresponds to the threshold value V t .
  • Overvoltage protection means are preferably provided in the control circuit. These protection means comprise, for example, as indicated in FIG. 4, the series combination of a protection resistor 8 and a Zener diode 9, connected in parallel to the series assembly composed of the two resistors 3 and 4, and whose common terminal is electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor 7.
  • the invention is applicable in all fields in which the charging current measured by an intelligent power switch is likely to belong to a wide range of variation, in particular for the control of the correct operation of one or more devices. lighting and / or signaling of a motor vehicle, or engine.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for measuring a load current and for diagnosing an absence of load or an overload, comprising an intelligent power switch (1) able to deliver a measurement (Is) of the load current on a current output, means for converting the measured load current into a voltage value (Vs) and a microcontroller (2) able to deliver orders to said intelligent power switch which are dependent on said voltage value (Vs). In accordance with the invention, the means for conversion comprise a first resistor (3) and a second resistor (4) which are connected in series between said current output and a reference potential, and the system furthermore comprises a control circuit (5, 6) able to compare the voltage tapped off across the terminals of said first resistor (3) and second resistor (4) connected in series with a predetermined threshold value (Vt) and to automatically short-circuit the first (3) or the second (4) resistor when the voltage tapped off is greater than said threshold value (Vt).

Description

SYSTEME DE MESURE D'UN COURANT DE CHARGE ET DE DIAGNOSTIC D'UNE ABSENCE DE CHARGE OU D'UNE SURCHARGE  SYSTEM FOR MEASURING CHARGE CURRENT AND DIAGNOSIS OF ABSENCE OF LOAD OR OVERLOAD
La présente invention concerne de façon générale les systèmes de mesure d'un courant de charge utilisés en vue de diagnostiquer une absence de charge ou une surcharge dans un circuit électrique. The present invention generally relates to load current measurement systems used to diagnose no load or overload in an electrical circuit.
Un domaine d'application non limitatif particulièrement concerné par la présente invention est celui du contrôle de l'éclairage et/ou de la signalisation dans les véhicules automobiles. Dans ce domaine, il est connu d'utiliser des interrupteurs de puissance intelligents pour contrôler le bon fonctionnement des différents dispositifs d'éclairage et/ou de signalisation (feux de route, de croisement ou de détresse, indicateurs de dépassement, feux stop...).  A non-limiting field of application particularly concerned by the present invention is that of control of lighting and / or signaling in motor vehicles. In this field, it is known to use intelligent power switches to control the proper operation of the various lighting and / or signaling devices (high beam, crossing or distress, overflow indicators, stop lamps). .).
De tels interrupteurs de puissance intelligents, connus sous différentes appellations telles que la marque déposée SmartMOS, la dénomination anglo- saxonne Smart FET, ou l'acronyme IPS (Initiales anglo-saxonnes mises pour Intelligent Power Switch) intègrent une fonctionnalité de mesure des courants de charge et de diagnostic permettant de détecter d'une part, toute surcharge due à un court-circuit, et d'autre part, une absence de charge, due par exemple à un défaut dans la lampe utilisée ou à la déconnexion d'un fil d'alimentation.  Such intelligent power switches, known by various names such as the SmartMOS trademark, the English Smart FET name, or the acronym IPS (English initials set for Intelligent Power Switch) integrate a functionality of measurement of the currents of load and diagnostics to detect on the one hand, any overload due to a short circuit, and secondly, no load, due for example to a defect in the lamp used or the disconnection of a wire power.
La figure 1 illustre un schéma classique d'utilisation d'un interrupteur de puissance intelligent, symbolisé par la référence 1. Parmi les différents points d'entrée/sortie existant dans l'interrupteur, seuls ceux nécessaires à la compréhension ont été représentés sur la figure 1. Ainsi, les connexions BATT et GND permettent de relier l'interrupteur 1 entre respectivement une source d'alimentation en tension continue, typiquement la batterie d'un véhicule (non représentée) via une liaison électrique 10, et un point formant potentiel de référence électrique. La connexion OUT permet d'établir une liaison électrique 11 de l'interrupteur intelligent 1 avec la charge ou les charges (non représentées) qu'il contrôle. La connexion IS délivre le courant de charge Is mesuré par l'interrupteur intelligent 1. Enfin, la connexion IN reçoit d'un microcontrôleur 2 externe à l'interrupteur 1 des ordres dont la nature est fonction du diagnostic réalisé, comme par exemple un ordre de coupure de l'alimentation d'une charge en cas de détection d'une surcharge. En fonctionnement, le courant de charge Is est converti en une valeur de tension Vs grâce à l'utilisation d'une résistance 3 connectée électriquement entre la connexion IS et la référence électrique. Cette valeur de tension Vs est fournie à un module 20 de conversion analogique/numérique 20, intégré de préférence au microcontrôleur 2. Le microcontrôleur 2 peut alors comparer à tout moment la tension Vs à des valeurs seuils prédéfinies, et décider d'envoyer des ordres à l'interrupteur intelligent 1 en fonction des résultats de comparaison. FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional diagram of the use of an intelligent power switch, symbolized by reference numeral 1. Of the various input / output points existing in the switch, only those necessary for understanding have been represented on FIG. FIG. 1. Thus, the BATT and GND connections make it possible to connect the switch 1 between respectively a source of DC voltage supply, typically the battery of a vehicle (not shown) via an electrical connection 10, and a potential point. electrical reference. The connection OUT makes it possible to establish an electrical connection 11 of the intelligent switch 1 with the load or the loads (not represented) which it controls. The IS connection delivers the load current Is measured by the intelligent switch 1. Finally, the IN connection receives from a microcontroller 2 external to the switch 1 orders whose nature is a function of the diagnosis made, such as an order cut-off the supply of a load in case of detection of an overload. In operation, the load current Is is converted into a voltage value Vs through the use of a resistor 3 electrically connected between the IS connection and the electrical reference. This voltage value Vs is supplied to an analog / digital conversion module 20, preferably integrated with the microcontroller 2. The microcontroller 2 can then compare the voltage Vs at any time with predefined threshold values, and decide to send commands to the smart switch 1 based on the comparison results.
Or, les dispositifs d'éclairage et/ou de signalisation utilisés aujourd'hui peuvent être soit des lampes à incandescence, soit des diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, ce qui conduit à une dynamique très importante des courants susceptibles d'être mesurés par un même interrupteur intelligent. Typiquement, pour une lampe à incandescence de 21 Watts, avec un courant nominal de 2 Ampères, l'interrupteur intelligent doit pouvoir mesurer des courants allant jusqu'à 4 Ampères pour détecter un court-circuit, et pouvant descendre jusqu'à 50 mA dans le cas d'une absence de charge.  However, the lighting and / or signaling devices used today can be either incandescent lamps or light-emitting diodes or LEDs, which leads to a very large dynamic currents likely to be measured by the same switch clever. Typically, for a 21-watt incandescent lamp, with a rated current of 2 amperes, the intelligent switch must be able to measure currents up to 4 amperes to detect a short circuit, and as low as 50 mA in the case of a lack of charge.
En utilisant les interrupteurs de puissance intelligents actuellement disponibles sur le marché, dont la plupart ne disposent que d'une seule sortie de mesure de courant, il n'est pas possible d'avoir en entrée du convertisseur analogique/numérique 20 une valeur de tension suffisamment précise pour couvrir toute la dynamique.  By using the intelligent power switches currently available on the market, most of which have only one current measurement output, it is not possible to have a voltage value at the input of the analog / digital converter 20. accurate enough to cover all the dynamics.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier l'inconvénient précédent en proposant un système permettant d'obtenir, à partir d'un même interrupteur intelligent, une mesure très précise du courant de charge, d'une part, pour les courants de valeurs faibles susceptibles d'être présents en cas d'absence de charge, et d'autre part, pour les courants de valeurs importantes reflétant une surcharge.  The present invention aims to overcome the above drawback by proposing a system for obtaining, from the same intelligent switch, a very accurate measurement of the charging current, on the one hand, for low value currents. likely to be present in case of absence of load, and secondly, for large currents of values reflecting an overload.
Plus précisément, la présente invention a pour objet un système de mesure d'un courant de charge et de diagnostic d'une absence de charge ou d'une surcharge, comprenant un interrupteur de puissance intelligent apte à délivrer une mesure du courant de charge sur une sortie de courant, des moyens de conversion du courant de charge mesuré en une valeur de tension et un microcontrôleur apte à délivrer des ordres audit interrupteur de puissance intelligent fonctions de ladite valeur de tension, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de conversion comprennent une première résistance et une deuxième résistance connectées en série entre ladite sortie de courant et un potentiel de référence, et en ce que le système comporte en outre un circuit de contrôle apte à comparer la tension prélevée aux bornes desdites première résistance et deuxième résistance connectées en série à une valeur seuil prédéterminée et à court-circuiter automatiquement la première ou la deuxième résistance lorsque la tension prélevée est supérieure à ladite valeur seuil. More specifically, the subject of the present invention is a system for measuring a charge and diagnostic current of a lack of charge or an overcharge, comprising an intelligent power switch capable of delivering a measurement of the charging current on a current output, means for converting the measured charging current into a voltage value and a microcontroller capable of delivering commands to said intelligent power switch functions of said voltage value, characterized in that said conversion means comprise a first resistance and a second resistance connected. in series between said current output and a reference potential, and in that the system further comprises a control circuit able to compare the voltage taken at the terminals of said first resistor and second resistor connected in series to a predetermined threshold value and to automatically short-circuiting the first or second resistor when the sampled voltage is greater than said threshold value.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques possibles du système selon l'invention : According to other possible characteristics of the system according to the invention:
- le circuit de contrôle est en outre apte à désactiver automatiquement le court-circuit sur la première ou la deuxième résistance lorsque la tension prélevée est inférieure à ladite valeur seuil ; - The control circuit is further adapted to automatically disable the short circuit on the first or the second resistor when the voltage taken is less than said threshold value;
- le circuit de contrôle comporte par exemple un transistor MOS dont le drain et la source sont connectés respectivement aux bornes de la résistance à court-circuiter, et dont la tension grille-source correspond à ladite valeur seuil ;  the control circuit comprises, for example, a MOS transistor whose drain and source are connected respectively to the terminals of the resistor to be short-circuited, and whose gate-source voltage corresponds to said threshold value;
- le circuit de contrôle pourra avantageusement comporter des moyens de protection contre une surtension, par exemple une association série d'une résistance de protection et d'une diode Zener, connectée en parallèle sur l'ensemble série composé de la première résistance et de la deuxième résistance et dont la borne commune est connectée électriquement à la grille du transistor MOS.  the control circuit may advantageously comprise means of protection against an overvoltage, for example a series association of a protection resistor and a Zener diode, connected in parallel with the set of series composed of the first resistor and the second resistor and whose common terminal is electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor.
L'invention et les avantages qu'elle procure seront mieux compris au vu de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, faite en référence aux figures annexées, dans lesquelles : The invention and the advantages that it provides will be better understood from the following description of an exemplary embodiment, with reference to the appended figures, in which:
- la figure 1, déjà décrite, décrit un schéma classique d'utilisation d'un interrupteur intelligent à des fins de diagnostic du fonctionnement correct d'une charge ; - la figure 2 illustre un schéma fonctionnel d'utilisation de ce même interrupteur intelligent dans un système conforme à l'invention ; FIG. 1, already described, describes a conventional diagram of the use of a smart switch for the purpose of diagnosing the correct operation of a load; FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of the use of this same intelligent switch in a system according to the invention;
- la figure 3 représente la variation de la tension aux bornes des moyens de conversion en fonction du courant de charge mesuré pour différentes plages de fonctionnement du système de la figure 2;  FIG. 3 represents the variation of the voltage at the terminals of the conversion means as a function of the load current measured for different operating ranges of the system of FIG. 2;
- la figure 4 représente un mode de réalisation possible du système selon l'invention.  - Figure 4 shows a possible embodiment of the system according to the invention.
Dans la suite de l'exposé, et pour en faciliter la compréhension, les éléments communs à l'ensemble des figures portent les mêmes références. In the remainder of the presentation, and for ease of understanding, the elements common to all the figures bear the same references.
L'invention part du constat que la dynamique du courant à mesurer est certes large, mais que le système n'a besoin de mesurer précisément le courant que dans les valeurs basses d'une part, et dans les valeurs hautes d'autre part, de façon à pouvoir diagnostiquer respectivement une absence de charge ou une surcharge. Forte de ce constat, l'invention propose un système qui permette d'adapter automatiquement la conversion en tension du courant de charge mesuré par l'interrupteur en fonction de la zone de fonctionnement du système dans laquelle on se trouve.  The invention starts from the observation that the dynamics of the current to be measured is certainly wide, but that the system needs to measure the current accurately only in the low values on the one hand, and in the high values on the other hand, in order to be able to respectively diagnose a lack of charge or an overload. On the strength of this observation, the invention proposes a system that makes it possible to automatically adapt the voltage conversion of the load current measured by the switch as a function of the operating zone of the system in which one is located.
Sur la figure 2, on retrouve les éléments classiques d'un système de mesure d'un courant de charge et de diagnostic déjà décrits en référence à la figure 1. De manière différente, les moyens de conversion en tension du courant de charge mesuré Is ne sont pas constitués ici d'une résistance, mais de deux résistances 3 et 4 connectées en série entre la sortie IS de courant de l'interrupteur de puissance intelligent 1 et le potentiel de référence. De plus, le système comporte un circuit de contrôle, représenté ici par un interrupteur 5 et un comparateur 6, ce circuit de contrôle étant apte à comparer la tension Vs prélevée aux bornes de l'association série des résistances 3 et 4 à une valeur seuil Vt prédéterminée et à court- ci rcuiter automatiquement l'une ou l'autre des deux résistances 3 ou 4 lorsque la tension prélevée est supérieure à cette valeur seuil Vt. Dans le cas de la figure 2, l'interrupteur 5 est connecté en parallèle de la résistance 4. C'est donc ici cette résistance 4 qui est court- circuitée lorsque la valeur de la tension sur la borne 6a du comparateur 6 est supérieure à la valeur seuil Vt sur la borne 6b de ce comparateur. Le circuit de contrôle 5, 6 désactive automatiquement le court-circuit lorsque la tension prélevée est inférieure à la valeur seuil Vt. FIG. 2 shows the conventional elements of a system for measuring a charging and diagnostic current already described with reference to FIG. 1. In a different way, the means for converting the measured load current are not constituted here of a resistor, but of two resistors 3 and 4 connected in series between the current output IS of the intelligent power switch 1 and the reference potential. In addition, the system comprises a control circuit, represented here by a switch 5 and a comparator 6, this control circuit being able to compare the voltage Vs taken across the series combination of the resistors 3 and 4 to a threshold value. V t predetermined and automatically shorten one or the other of the two resistors 3 or 4 when the sampled voltage is greater than this threshold value V t . In the case of FIG. 2, the switch 5 is connected in parallel with the resistor 4. It is therefore here this resistor 4 which is short-circuited when the value of the voltage on the terminal 6a of the comparator 6 is greater than the threshold value V t on the terminal 6b of this comparator. The control circuit 5, 6 automatically deactivates the short circuit when the sampled voltage is lower than the threshold value V t .
Le circuit de contrôle selon l'invention permet de définir plusieurs zones de fonctionnement visibles sur la figure 3 qui représente les variations de la tension Vs en fonction du courant de charge Is : The control circuit according to the invention makes it possible to define several visible operating zones in FIG. 3 which represents the variations of the voltage Vs as a function of the load current Is:
- une zone inférieure FMIN pour les valeurs faibles de courant Is, pour laquelle les deux résistances 3 et 4 sont utilisées pour convertir le courant de charge mesuré en la tension Vs, selon l'expression :  a lower zone FMIN for the low values of current Is, for which the two resistors 3 and 4 are used to convert the measured load current into the voltage Vs, according to the expression:
Vs = ( R1 + R2) x Is, dans laquelle RI et R2 sont les valeurs respectives des résistances 3 et 4  Vs = (R1 + R2) x Is, in which R1 and R2 are the respective values of resistors 3 and 4
- une zone supérieure FMAX pour les valeurs importantes de courant Is, pour laquelle la résistance 4 est en court-circuit, seule la résistance 3 étant utilisée pour convertir le courant de charge mesuré en la tension Vs, selon l'expression :  an upper zone FMAX for the important values of current Is, for which resistor 4 is short-circuited, only resistor 3 being used to convert the measured charge current into voltage Vs, according to the expression:
Vs = RI x Is V s = RI x Is
- une zone intermédiaire FI T non stable dans laquelle l'interrupteur 5 peut éventuellement osciller entre une position ouverte et fermée, sans incidence néanmoins sur le bon fonctionnement du système puisque cette zone ne correspond pas à des situations critiques de surcharge ou d'absence de charge.  an unstable intermediate zone FI T in which the switch 5 can possibly oscillate between an open and closed position, without affecting the proper functioning of the system, since this zone does not correspond to critical situations of overload or lack of charge.
La zone inférieure FMIN et la zone supérieure FMAX permettent d'augmenter la précision sur la conversion du courant de charge mesuré en une tension, et par conséquent sur le diagnostic d'une absence de charge ou d'une surcharge.  The lower zone FMIN and the upper zone FMAX make it possible to increase the accuracy on the conversion of the load current measured into a voltage, and consequently on the diagnosis of a lack of load or an overload.
La figure 4 illustre un mode de réalisation possible d'un système conforme à la présente invention : Ici, le circuit de contrôle comporte un transistor MOS 7 dont le drain et la source sont connectés respectivement aux bornes de la résistance à court-circuiter, dans l'exemple, la résistance 4, et dont la tension grille-source correspond à la valeur seuil Vt. On peut donc réaliser très simplement, à l'aide d'un unique composant, les fonctions de comparaison et de court-circuit précitées. Des moyens de protection contre une surtension sont de préférence prévus dans le circuit de contrôle. Ces moyens de protection comportent par exemple, comme indiqué sur la figure 4, l'association série d'une résistance de protection 8 et d'une diode Zener 9, connectée en parallèle sur l'ensemble série composé des deux résistances 3 et 4, et dont la borne commune est connectée électriquement à la grille du transistor MOS 7. FIG. 4 illustrates a possible embodiment of a system according to the present invention: Here, the control circuit comprises a MOS transistor 7 whose drain and source are connected respectively to the terminals of the resistor to be short-circuited, in the example, the resistor 4, and whose gate-source voltage corresponds to the threshold value V t . We can therefore very simply realize, using a single component, the functions of comparison and short-circuit mentioned above. Overvoltage protection means are preferably provided in the control circuit. These protection means comprise, for example, as indicated in FIG. 4, the series combination of a protection resistor 8 and a Zener diode 9, connected in parallel to the series assembly composed of the two resistors 3 and 4, and whose common terminal is electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor 7.
L'invention est applicable dans tous les domaines dans lesquels le courant de charge mesuré par un interrupteur de puissance intelligent est susceptible d'appartenir à une plage de variation importante, en particulier pour le contrôle du bon fonctionnement d'un ou plusieurs dispositifs d'éclairage et/ou de signalisation d'un véhicule automobile, ou d'un moteur.  The invention is applicable in all fields in which the charging current measured by an intelligent power switch is likely to belong to a wide range of variation, in particular for the control of the correct operation of one or more devices. lighting and / or signaling of a motor vehicle, or engine.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Système de mesure d'un courant de charge et de diagnostic d'une absence de charge ou d'une surcharge, comprenant un interrupteur de puissance intelligent ( 1) apte à délivrer une mesure (Is) du courant de charge sur une sortie de courant, des moyens de conversion du courant de charge mesuré en une valeur de tension (Vs) et un microcontrôleur (2) apte à délivrer des ordres audit interrupteur de puissance intelligent fonctions de ladite valeur de tension (Vs), caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de conversion comprennent une première résistance (3) et une deuxième résistance (4) connectées en série entre ladite sortie de courant et un potentiel de référence, et en ce que le système comporte en outre un circuit de contrôle (5, 6 ; 7) apte à comparer la tension prélevée aux bornes desdites première résistance (3) et deuxième résistance (4) connectées en série à une valeur seuil (Vt) prédéterminée et à court-circuiter automatiquement la première (3) ou la deuxième résistance (4) lorsque la tension prélevée est supérieure à ladite valeur seuil (Vt) . System for measuring a charging current and for diagnosing a lack of charge or an overload, comprising an intelligent power switch (1) capable of delivering a measurement (Is) of the charging current on a current output , means for converting the measured charging current into a voltage value (Vs) and a microcontroller (2) capable of delivering commands to said intelligent power switch functions of said voltage value (Vs), characterized in that said means converters comprising a first resistor (3) and a second resistor (4) connected in series between said current output and a reference potential, and in that the system further comprises a control circuit (5, 6; 7) capable of comparing the voltage taken at the terminals of said first resistor (3) and second resistor (4) connected in series with a predetermined threshold value (V t ) and automatically short-circuiting the first (3) or a second resistor (4) when the sampled voltage is greater than said threshold value (V t ).
Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de contrôle (5, 6 ; 7) est apte à désactiver automatiquement le court- circuit sur la première (3) ou la deuxième résistance (4) lorsque la tension prélevée est inférieure à ladite valeur seuil (Vt) . System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control circuit (5, 6; 7) is capable of automatically deactivating the short-circuit on the first (3) or the second resistor (4) when the sampled voltage is less than said threshold value (V t ).
Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de contrôle comporte un transistor MOS (7) dont le drain et la source sont connectés respectivement aux bornes de la résistance à court-circuiter, et dont la tension grille-source correspond à ladite valeur seuil (Vt) . System according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the control circuit comprises a MOS transistor (7) whose drain and source are connected respectively to the terminals of the resistor to be short-circuited, and whose voltage gate-source corresponds to said threshold value (V t ).
Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de contrôle comporte en outre des moyens (8, 9) de protection contre une surtension . Système selon les revendications 3 et 4 prises en combinaison, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de protection comprennent l'association série d'une résistance de protection (8) et d'une diode Zener (9), connectée en parallèle sur l'ensemble série composé de la première résistance (3) et de la deuxième résistance (4) et dont la borne commune est connectée électriquement à la grille du transistor MOS (7). System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control circuit further comprises means (8, 9) for protection against overvoltage. System according to claims 3 and 4 taken in combination, characterized in that said protection means comprise the series combination of a protection resistor (8) and a Zener diode (9), connected in parallel to the assembly series consisting of the first resistor (3) and the second resistor (4) and whose common terminal is electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor (7).
PCT/EP2012/074138 2011-11-30 2012-11-30 System for measuring a load current and for diagnosing an absence of load or an overload WO2013079686A1 (en)

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CN201811201562.7A CN109683012B (en) 2011-11-30 2012-11-30 System for measuring load current and for diagnosing no-load or overload
EP12809639.3A EP2786158A1 (en) 2011-11-30 2012-11-30 System for measuring a load current and for diagnosing an absence of load or an overload
CN201280058687.3A CN103959074A (en) 2011-11-30 2012-11-30 System for measuring a load current and for diagnosing an absence of load or an overload

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FRFR11/03646 2011-11-30
FR1103646A FR2983300B1 (en) 2011-11-30 2011-11-30 SYSTEM FOR MEASURING CHARGE CURRENT AND DIAGNOSIS OF ABSENCE OF LOAD OR OVERLOAD

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CN103959074A (en) 2014-07-30
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CN109683012A (en) 2019-04-26
FR2983300B1 (en) 2014-01-10
EP2786158A1 (en) 2014-10-08

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