WO2013077716A1 - Method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials - Google Patents
Method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013077716A1 WO2013077716A1 PCT/LV2012/000012 LV2012000012W WO2013077716A1 WO 2013077716 A1 WO2013077716 A1 WO 2013077716A1 LV 2012000012 W LV2012000012 W LV 2012000012W WO 2013077716 A1 WO2013077716 A1 WO 2013077716A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- steam
- essential oils
- insoluble
- hydrosol
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003845 household chemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000379194 Abies sibirica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000896103 Pinus sibirica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008582 Pinus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218626 Pinus sylvestris Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000222 aromatherapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013160 medical therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011422 pharmacological therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008124 Picea excelsa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001839 pinus sylvestris Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9755—Gymnosperms [Coniferophyta]
- A61K8/9767—Pinaceae [Pine family], e.g. pine or cedar
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
Definitions
- the invention relates to forestry, the food, pharmaceutical and medical industries and household chemical products, and is connected with complex processing of plant materials through distillation with steam, which allows obtaining biologically-active products with a wide range of applications.
- Essential oils are widespread in the plant world. They are active metabolites of the metabolic process. The main components of essential oils are water-insoluble and partially water-soluble, volatile terpenoids and other aroma compounds. The area of use of essential oils depends on their perfumery, pharmacological and taste-aromatic properties. Essential oils are used for flavoring food and drink, in household cleaning products, as well as for pharmacological, medical and aromatherapy purposes. Essential oils are also used as solvents [1, 2, 3].
- Essential oils are clear, colorless or colorful liquids with volatile properties. Their density is lower than 1 g/ml. Essential oils dissolve well in alcohol, fat and other organic compounds.
- One of the basic methods for obtaining essential oils from plants is steam distillation. During the distillation process, the materials are placed in a reactor, and steam is blown through them. The volatile compounds of the plant materials (essential oils) together with the water vapor form an azeotropic mixture, which is then directed to a condenser.
- a settling tank with a special construction, where water- insoluble and lighter-than-water essential oils form the upper layer, which flows by gravity out of the top of the settling tank, and a lower layer of hydrosol (water with water-soluble compounds), which is usually directed out of the oil extraction apparatus, also by gravity flow.
- the plant material used is tree foliage (needles and non-lignified shoots), obtained from the Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L), Siberian Pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour), European Spruce ⁇ Picea abies (L.) Karst), Siberian Fir ⁇ Abies sibirica Ledeb.) and other conifers.
- the tree foliage is chopped into small pieces.
- the chopped mass is placed into the reactor, and water steam is blown through it; steam temperature: 100-105 °C.
- the steam is obtained in a steam generator.
- the material is processed with steam for 2 ⁇ 0.2 hours.
- the processing intensity is 4 kg of steam per hour per 100 kg of tree foliage.
- Water is supplied to the steam generator to produce steam; its temperature is +8-12 °C [6].
- a method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials in the course of which the plant material - chopped tree foliage - is placed in a reactor; water at a temperature of 8-12 °C is supplied to the steam generator by a water supply system; in the steam generator, the water is evaporated; steam is then blown through the material (steam distillation); the steam is cooled down to a condensate-distillate form; the distillate is directed to a settling tank; in the course of settling, the distillate is separated into water-insoluble essential oils and the settled water (hydrosol).
- the goal of the invention is to reduce power consumption and increase the amount of the target product obtained by extracting essential oils from plant materials through a steam distillation process.
- the hydrosol at a temperature of +50-60 °C, is repeatedly evaporated in the steam generator, and the repeatedly obtained steam is blown through the material; the steam is condensed, the condensate is directed to the settling tank and separated into essential oils and hydrosol; in the course of repeated evaporation, condensation and settling of the hydrosol, it becomes saturated with the water-soluble components of oils, and they become isolated in the settling tank together with insoluble fractions.
- the trial was commenced by supplying cold water (+10 °C) to the steam generator. With the hydrosol accruing, it was directed to the steam generator three times in portions of one liter, and the distillation was continued until the essential oil yield was no longer increasing.
- the calculations have been made with the assumption that 10 kg of spruce tree foliage is placed without being chopped in the steam distillation apparatus.
- the apparatus is heated up to the working temperature, and then 7 liters of water are supplied at a temperature of 10 °C.
- the capacity of the apparatus has been selected so as to ensure that the amount of steam obtained is 2 kg/h. Subsequent steps are performed in accordance with the description.
- the density of the obtained oil is 0.888 g/ml.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to forestry, the food, pharmaceutical and medical industries and household chemical products, and is connected with complex processing of plant materials through steam distillation, which allows obtaining biologically-active products with a wide range of applications. The goal of the invention is to reduce power consumption and increase the amount of the target product obtained by extracting essential oils from plant materials through a steam distillation process.
Description
METHOD FOR OBTAINING WATER-INSOLUBLE AND WATER- SOLUBLE ESSENTIAL OILS FROM PLANT MATERIALS
The invention relates to forestry, the food, pharmaceutical and medical industries and household chemical products, and is connected with complex processing of plant materials through distillation with steam, which allows obtaining biologically-active products with a wide range of applications.
Technical level
Essential oils are widespread in the plant world. They are active metabolites of the metabolic process. The main components of essential oils are water-insoluble and partially water-soluble, volatile terpenoids and other aroma compounds. The area of use of essential oils depends on their perfumery, pharmacological and taste-aromatic properties. Essential oils are used for flavoring food and drink, in household cleaning products, as well as for pharmacological, medical and aromatherapy purposes. Essential oils are also used as solvents [1, 2, 3].
Essential oils are clear, colorless or colorful liquids with volatile properties. Their density is lower than 1 g/ml. Essential oils dissolve well in alcohol, fat and other organic compounds. One of the basic methods for obtaining essential oils from plants is steam distillation. During the distillation process, the materials are placed in a reactor, and steam is blown through them. The volatile compounds of the plant materials (essential oils) together with the water vapor form an azeotropic mixture, which is then directed to a condenser. In the condenser, the vapor condenses and, in the form of distillate, enters a settling tank with a special construction, where water- insoluble and lighter-than-water essential oils form the upper layer, which flows by gravity out of the top of the settling tank, and a lower layer of hydrosol (water with water-soluble compounds), which is usually directed out of the oil extraction apparatus, also by gravity flow.
The plant material used is tree foliage (needles and non-lignified shoots), obtained from the Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L), Siberian Pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour), European Spruce {Picea abies (L.) Karst), Siberian Fir {Abies sibirica Ledeb.) and other conifers.
The tree foliage is chopped into small pieces. The chopped mass is placed into the reactor, and water steam is blown through it; steam temperature: 100-105 °C. The steam is obtained in a steam generator. The material is processed with steam for 2 ±
0.2 hours. The processing intensity is 4 kg of steam per hour per 100 kg of tree foliage. Water is supplied to the steam generator to produce steam; its temperature is +8-12 °C [6].
A method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials, in the course of which the plant material - chopped tree foliage - is placed in a reactor; water at a temperature of 8-12 °C is supplied to the steam generator by a water supply system; in the steam generator, the water is evaporated; steam is then blown through the material (steam distillation); the steam is cooled down to a condensate-distillate form; the distillate is directed to a settling tank; in the course of settling, the distillate is separated into water-insoluble essential oils and the settled water (hydrosol).
Steam generators should have the required steam generation capacity and consume as little power as possible [4, 5, 6].
The goal of the invention is to reduce power consumption and increase the amount of the target product obtained by extracting essential oils from plant materials through a steam distillation process.
The goal is reached as follows: the hydrosol, at a temperature of +50-60 °C, is repeatedly evaporated in the steam generator, and the repeatedly obtained steam is blown through the material; the steam is condensed, the condensate is directed to the settling tank and separated into essential oils and hydrosol; in the course of repeated evaporation, condensation and settling of the hydrosol, it becomes saturated with the water-soluble components of oils, and they become isolated in the settling tank together with insoluble fractions.
The application of the method
The trial was commenced by supplying cold water (+10 °C) to the steam generator. With the hydrosol accruing, it was directed to the steam generator three times in portions of one liter, and the distillation was continued until the essential oil yield was no longer increasing.
Power consumption is thereby reduced by the amount of heat necessary for heating up the water supply system or natural water to the temperature of the hydrosol when it is used repeatedly (from +8-12 °C to 40-50 °C).
In order to test the efficiency of the proposed method, an experiment was carried out to compare the traditional and the proposed methods, by using a pilot-apparatus for essential oil production and processing pine tree foliage.
Electricity was used as the power source. During the experiment, the electric power consumption needed to obtain one kilogram of steam or one liter of hydrosol was determined for each of the two technologies; the temperature of the water (hydrosol) supplied to the steam generator and the oil yield per one liter of hydrosol were measured. The results have been summarized in Table 1. The work was commenced by supplying 7 liters of water at a temperature of +10 °C to the steam generator.
Table 1
The data presented in the table evidence that using the technology described in the invention reduces the power consumption of oil extraction by 10.84% and increases the overall yield of essential oils by 0.16%.
The calculations have been made with the assumption that 10 kg of spruce tree foliage is placed without being chopped in the steam distillation apparatus. The apparatus is heated up to the working temperature, and then 7 liters of water are supplied at a temperature of 10 °C. The capacity of the apparatus has been selected so as to ensure that the amount of steam obtained is 2 kg/h. Subsequent steps are performed in accordance with the description. The density of the obtained oil is 0.888 g/ml.
The conducted trials in connection with the new method (in accordance with the invention technology) - "A method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials", in the course of which hydrosol, at a temperature of +50-60 °C, is repeatedly evaporated in the steam generator, and the repeatedly obtained steam is blown through the material; the steam is condensed, the condensate
is directed to the settling tank and separated into essential oils and hydrosol; in the course of repeated evaporation, condensation and settling of the hydrosol, it becomes saturated with the water-soluble components of oils, and they become isolated in the settling tank together with insoluble fractions - presented an opportunity to achieve a significant reduction of power consumption in the processing of 10 kg of spruce tree foliage, while also increasing the essential oil yield. The achievement of these two goals is very important in agriculture, as essential oils are widely used for flavoring of food products, in household cleaning products, as well as for pharmacological, medical and aromatherapy purposes.
References
1. Pat WO 94/28895, A, 1994, A61 K3 1/10
2. Pat. EP 94/01900, A, 1994, A61 Kl/12
3. Pat. RU 2126433, CI, 1999, C09F 3/02.
4. Methods for obtaining essential oils, http:// natoelab.ru/rn/20/, 27.09.2011.
5. Steam generator for technological lines, http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki, 27.09.2011.
6. Pat. LV 14276, B, 2011, C09 F 1/00; C 11 B 1/10.
Claims
CLAIM
A method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials, in the course of which the plant material - chopped tree foliage - is placed in a reactor; water at a temperature of 8-12 °C is supplied to the steam generator by a water supply system; in the steam generator, the water is evaporated; steam is then blown through the material (steam distillation); the steam is cooled down to a condensate-distillate form; the distillate is directed to a settling tank; in the course of settling, the distillate is separated into water-insoluble essential oils and the settled water (hydrosol); be characterized by the hydrosol, whose temperature is 50-60 °C, is repeatedly evaporated in the steam generator; the repeatedly obtained steam is blown through the material, the steam is condensed, the condensate is directed to the settling tank and separated into essential oils and hydrosol; in the course of repeated evaporation, condensation and settling of the hydrosol, it becomes saturated with the water-soluble components of oils, and they become isolated in the settling tank together with insoluble fractions.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LVP-11-158 | 2011-11-21 | ||
| LVP-11-158A LV14481B (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2011-11-21 | Method of production of water soluble and non-soluble essential oils from plant origin raw material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013077716A1 true WO2013077716A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
Family
ID=48470090
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/LV2012/000012 WO2013077716A1 (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2012-07-23 | Method for obtaining water-insoluble and water-soluble essential oils from plant materials |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| LV (1) | LV14481B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013077716A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2033802C1 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1995-04-30 | Ханина Миниса Абдуллаевна | Method for producing of essential oil |
| US5582694A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-12-10 | Idaho Mint Distiller, Inc. | Hydrodistillation process for essential mint oils |
| RU2115700C1 (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1998-07-20 | Архимекс | Method of extracting natural product from biological material |
| RU2238291C1 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-10-20 | Рощин Виктор Иванович | Method of processing vegetable matter |
| US20100224364A1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2010-09-09 | Ge Ionics, Inc. | Water treatment method for heavy oil production |
-
2011
- 2011-11-21 LV LVP-11-158A patent/LV14481B/en unknown
-
2012
- 2012-07-23 WO PCT/LV2012/000012 patent/WO2013077716A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2033802C1 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1995-04-30 | Ханина Миниса Абдуллаевна | Method for producing of essential oil |
| RU2115700C1 (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1998-07-20 | Архимекс | Method of extracting natural product from biological material |
| US5582694A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-12-10 | Idaho Mint Distiller, Inc. | Hydrodistillation process for essential mint oils |
| US20100224364A1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2010-09-09 | Ge Ionics, Inc. | Water treatment method for heavy oil production |
| RU2238291C1 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-10-20 | Рощин Виктор Иванович | Method of processing vegetable matter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "Sposoby polucheniya efirnykh masel, absolu i rastitelnykh masel. 1 sposob - Distillatsya (peregonka parom)", 15 November 2011 (2011-11-15), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http:/lwww.aromatherapy.ru/main.aspx?g=posts&t=571> [retrieved on 20120911] * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LV14481A (en) | 2012-02-20 |
| LV14481B (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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