WO2013076325A1 - Helmet having an integral electronic safety system - Google Patents

Helmet having an integral electronic safety system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013076325A1
WO2013076325A1 PCT/ES2012/000286 ES2012000286W WO2013076325A1 WO 2013076325 A1 WO2013076325 A1 WO 2013076325A1 ES 2012000286 W ES2012000286 W ES 2012000286W WO 2013076325 A1 WO2013076325 A1 WO 2013076325A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
helmet
user
security system
integral electronic
electronic security
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2012/000286
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Darío GARCÍA ROMERO
Original Assignee
Garcia Romero Dario
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Publication date
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Application filed by Garcia Romero Dario filed Critical Garcia Romero Dario
Publication of WO2013076325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013076325A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/0406—Accessories for helmets
    • A42B3/0433—Detecting, signalling or lighting devices
    • A42B3/046—Means for detecting hazards or accidents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons

Definitions

  • the present invention is within the field of safety optimization techniques, location and communication of operators in mines or industries.
  • the helmet in addition to having a location system with auxiliary battery, the helmet is equipped to emit its position even if all batteries are exhausted (person buried for a long time or immense curtain of smoke or flames).
  • the system devised by the sum of several subsystems does not exist as such, perhaps some of these subsystems integrated in the invention can be found separately for location and control of users or handheld electronic detectors for gas detection; despite these applications at present, if they wanted to carry separately (the set of systems that we integrate in the invention), it would mean having 4 to 5 independent systems, with autonomous feeds, it would imply high cost and discomfort when working (multitude of devices) and with all this, the same advantages would not be achieved, since lacking the electronic system that integrates and governs data acquisition elements, functions such as: - Function of automatically launching an alarm outside if a gas detection, a blow to the helmet or an SOS request of the worker is carried out. - Warning by means of visor and vibration LEDs on the operator's head after a message from outside or a gas alarm (if the operator is in a noisy environment you may not hear the warning of a hand or belt gas detector) Description of the invention
  • the invented integral electronic safety helmet (1) is composed of the following subsystems: 1. Impact detection system
  • the vibration will be captured by the sensor (hit in the helmet), this signal will be detected by the control system, will be evaluated in intensity and if it is large enough, the vibrator will be connected (vibration continuous) and the visor LEDs to alert the user (pre-alarm), if the user does not cancel using the push button within 6 seconds (more than 2 sec.), the system sends the SOS alarm outside (Control room located outside) 2.
  • Gas detection system
  • the control system will notify the user through the operation of the head vibrator (short, long, short vibrations ...) and the visor LEDs, the control unit can be programmed so that an alarm is released outside after issuing the warning to the operator and provided that it does not cancel the shipment by pressing the button, however the LEDs on the visor will always indicate gases until they disappear and the atmosphere becomes adequate again.
  • the system has several localization and communication management systems encapsulated in the removable communications unit: Active location:
  • the system contains a Wi-Fi transmitter that connects with access points installed in the mine by means of fiber optics and communicates to the outside software the current position within the property (mine, industry, etc.), in this way through the network we will know the location of each worker (in real time) and we can obtain labor records of movements in days, months, etc. we can study efficiency in jobs or knowing about an accident (incident or accident) where the users are, what workers may have been involved, etc. Active communication:
  • SMS-type communication system with preset messages we can communicate (by means of the push buttons of the removable module) with the external control center, or receive instructions from it, a message with an instruction can be sent to a single operator, to a group of operators or all operators of the mine.
  • This system makes it possible to evacuate the mine in an emergency with a single message sent to all operators.
  • This RFID security system with which the helmet has been provided gives a remarkable support for incidents or accidents in which time is delayed.
  • this microprocessor guard dog electronics is provided, that is, by means of the cyclic blinking of the green LED of the visor, the system will show us that it has lamp power and that the microphone is working according to its cyclic test master program (it is not hung).
  • the red light (20) As for the red light (20), it is connected when alarms or calls by vibration are detected.
  • the operator may send (at will) an S.O.S. To be assisted by the rescue brigade, you will only have to pull the tape located at the back of the unit and not cancel the warning during the pre-alarm time of the unit (10 seconds), after this time the unit sends the signal To the exterior.
  • the inventor of the present application made a first prototype of the hull in accordance with that described above, a prototype that was tested in both an open pit mine (Riotinto) and an underground mine (MATSA). As a result of these tests, a second improved prototype is subsequently designed which, in addition to the systems described, includes two additional security systems:
  • the second improved helmet prototype includes the following modifications in relation to the first initial prototype: a) Change of location of LEDs and button The location of all the devices of the front part of the helmet described above is changed to avoid deterioration due to mud water or blows to the devices of the helmet. In the second prototype these elements are placed under the visor of the same. b) Change of main power connector
  • this system will alert the control room (automatically throws an alarm) if the operator remains completely motionless for a predetermined period of time.
  • the system of the invention has the following advantages:
  • the helmet communication system will transmit the alarm to the outside.
  • the operator will have proof (by means of a vibrator arranged in the helmet) and the LEDs of the area that the area is not safe (this alarm can also be programmed to be transmitted to the post external control).
  • a helmet that has launched an SOS outside can be located from afar in the darkness of the mine by the brigades Rescue (once an SOS is launched outside this "headlight” light flashes at the same time as the red visor light)
  • the passive RFID location system it will be possible to find a user who is (for example) buried in shallow depth for a long time. That is, in the first instance, the active system would mark its position (in case the external fiber system is operational), but when the two available batteries (battery lamp and reserve battery) run out, it would no longer emit it. From that moment, the user could be located (indefinitely) thanks to the passive system it contains.
  • This system is characterized by:
  • Fig. 1 View of the hull from below (inside of it), initial prototype.
  • Fig. 2 View of the hull from below without fastening straps (electronics are appreciated), initial prototype.
  • Fig. 3 View of the left hull profile and details of S.O.S. and extraction of communication case, initial prototype.
  • FIG. 4 View of the right hull profile, initial prototype.
  • Fig. 5 Main control system detail without the protection paste, initial prototype.
  • Fig. 6 Detail of the communication case holder and active location, initial prototype.
  • Fig. 7 Cassette extraction detail for SMS communication, initial prototype.
  • FIG. 8 Detail of the communication and active location cassette system
  • Fig. 9 View of the hull from below (inside of it), modified final prototype after the mine tests.
  • Fig. 10 View of the hull from below without fastening straps (the electronics are visible), modified final prototype after the mine tests.
  • Fig. 1 1 View of the left hull profile, modified final prototype after the mine tests.
  • FIG. 12 View of the right hull profile, modified final prototype after the mine tests.
  • Fig. 13 Detail of the main control system without the protection paste, final prototype modified after the mine tests.
  • Fig. 14 Detail of the communication and active location cassette holder system, modified final prototype after the mine tests.
  • helmet according to the invention Two examples of helmet according to the invention are described below, namely the initially designed prototype and the modified final prototype after the mine tests.
  • Figures 1-7 correspond to the initial prototype of the hull
  • Figures 9-14 correspond to the final prototype after the mine tests.
  • the initial prototype is described first: Impact detection system (4)
  • the vibration will be captured by the sensor (4), this signal will be detected by the control system (4), it will be evaluated in intensity and if it is large enough, the LEDs of the visor and vibrator (continuous vibration) to alert the user (pre alarm), if the user does not cancel using the button (18) within 6 seconds (more than 2 sec.), the system launches to the point With the closest access to the impact alarm warning, the AP that collects the installation transmits it to the low-mine fiber optic network and it transports it outside until it reaches the control room, in the control room PC you will observe that device number 1256 (for example) has detected an impact alarm not reset by the user, the control room will have its exact current situation and can send to the rescue teams.
  • the control system will notify the user through the operation of the head vibrator (short, long, short vibrations ...) and the cyclic flashing of the red-green LEDs of the visor (pre alarm ), the unit can be programmed so that if the circumstance persists, the system will send the warning of gas alarm (air contaminated) to the external control room, the AP that collects the signal transmits it to the low-mine fiber optic network and transports it outside until it reaches the control room. On the control room PC you will observe that device number 1256 (for example) has detected a gas alarm not reset by the user, the control room will have its exact current situation and can act accordingly.
  • the unit detects gases is not preprogrammed to send an outdoor warning, it will notify the operator using the visor LEDs provided that the atmosphere is not adequate (so that the mask is put on), that is, this warning cannot be canceled. It will only cease when the sensor detects a non-harmful atmosphere
  • the user can also communicate with the control room (by means of a message with the unit (5) contained in the helmet), after resetting the alarm, informing that his electronic unit has detected gases in the work area.
  • the system has several localization and communication management devices encapsulated in the unit (5):
  • the system contains a Wi-Fi transmitter (5) through which it communicates with the APs of the low mine installation, these will be responsible for linking the received packages with the external software located in the control room, Our device thus communicates the current position In real time, in this way, we will know the location of each worker and we will be able to know before an accident (incident or accident) where the users are, which workers may have been involved, etc. or obtain labor records of movements in days, months, etc., study work efficiency, etc.
  • the operators and control room can communicate by sending text messages, we can thus (using the buttons (21), (22), (23) of the module (5)) communicate with the external control center, or receive instructions from it as follows: ⁇ /
  • the helmet control system receives the message and emits a sound at the same time which warns by vibration (2) (short vibrations) and LEDs to the user.
  • the operator removes the communication unit contained in the housing (6) by pulling back the tab (8) (direction of the arrow (9)), and in turn pulling the cassette extraction tape (10) or this (direction of the arrow (12), with the case in hand (it continues to work because it has an auxiliary battery), we will read the message on a screen and answer it using the buttons (21), (22). (23).
  • Control room sends a text message to all users to communicate the situation and orders the orderly exit of the operators for not having active main ventilation
  • a pop-up message will appear in the control room saying that operator 5869 (for example) has received the message
  • This RFID security system in each CESI unit is made up of an ultra-high frequency micro device with an aluminum antenna. Its main features are as follows: Technical parameter
  • the batteries of both the main source (lamp), and the secondary one (of the active location system) can be depleted if they are used for a long period of time (miners are trapped in a gallery), it is kept in the hull a passive location system, that is, a system that does not require electrical power to operate or installation of external communications, so that this system would always emit the user number and its position to the passage of a detector carried by rescue bodies. Also in a fire, in which the fiber optic is affected and doubts if they are behind the flames or fumes to operators, the rescue brigade could test if there are units and who they are.
  • the cesi unit is provided with the same connector that the lamp chargers have, that is to say that when the lamp is placed on the helmet, it will be fully electrically connected by means of a key type connector figure 11 and 12
  • the cassette removal tape (10) ( Figure 7) is suppressed and the communication unit is repositioned at the front of the helmet.
  • the final prototype is according to figures 9 or 10, showing the situation in the front of the cassette (5) and its cassette holder (6).
  • the tape (1 1) destined for S.O.S release is suppressed and the unit is programmed so that the voluntary S.O.S alarm release is carried out by pressing the switch (18) located according to (figure 9 or 10).
  • a system for displaying an alarmed helmet by the rescue brigade is installed.
  • a high-light led light (27) is installed on the top of the helmet (figures 11 and 12), in this way when launching an alarm outdoors the system will turn on this LED and the red LED of the visor (20) (figure 9) (bottom of the visor), in case the operator and your unit will be fainted (with the helmet LED facing down).
  • the helmet is equipped with a motion detector (28) arranged according to Figure 13. If total immobility occurs for a defined period of more than 36 seconds, a surveillance pre-alarm occurs intensive microprocessor (a red micro LED will light on the control board), after that if the immobility persists after one minute a second pre-alarm is sent to the visor flashing a red LED for 10 seconds and activating the vibrator, if the operator does not cancel the warning at this time (using the visor button (18)) the system launches an SOS outside, after this launch the red "beacon” light on the back will turn on intermittently and the red light of the visor.
  • intensive microprocessor a red micro LED will light on the control board
  • the control system would detect it and after a warning to it (in case the pre-alarm is not canceled by pressing the switch (18) for being unconscious) , this would automatically launch an SOS to an external control room.
  • the control room after receiving the S.O.S. I would send the operator to rescue.

Abstract

The invention relates to a helmet made up of an electronic control system, actuators and data-acquisition sensors capable of performing the following functions: 1. detecting fumes; 2. detecting impacts; 3. detecting extended periods without movement; 4. sending two-way messages to the outside; 5. automatically sending alarms — SOS, impacts, fumes, person motionless — to the outside; 6. actively locating the worker; 7. passively locating the worker; 8. vibrating and luminous warnings to the operator; and 9. luminous location when launching an SOS by means of "headlamp" LEDs.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN  DESCRIPTION
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral Objeto de la invención Helmet with integral electronic security system Object of the invention
La presente invención se encuentra dentro del campo de técnicas de optimización de seguridad, localización y comunicación de operarios en minas o industrias. The present invention is within the field of safety optimization techniques, location and communication of operators in mines or industries.
Nuestro sistema se idea para hacer de un elemento de seguridad pasivo, como es el casco (indispensable tanto en la industria como en la minería), contenedor de una serie de sistemas que aporten los siguientes beneficios: Our system was designed to make a passive safety element, such as the helmet (indispensable both in industry and mining), container of a series of systems that provide the following benefits:
- Beneficios de seguridad, ya que contiene alarmas a control por: impacto en el casco, por calidad del aire defectuosa o por petición de S.O.S. del trabajador. - Con este dispositivo la atención seria inmediata, la localización del personal está registrada en todo momento desde el exterior y se podría realizar seguridad preventiva en sectores al tener constancias de alarmas por defecto de calidad de aire en todos los cascos. - Control de personal, ya que la unidad dispone de un sistema que localiza al usuario en el interior de la mina o industria, con lo que tenemos constancia de tiempos, recorridos, horarios, etc. - Safety benefits, as it contains alarms to control for: impact on the helmet, for defective air quality or at the request of S.O.S. of the worker. - With this device the immediate attention would be, the location of the personnel is registered at all times from the outside and preventive safety could be carried out in sectors by having records of alarms by default of air quality in all helmets. - Personnel control, since the unit has a system that locates the user inside the mine or industry, with which we have proof of times, routes, schedules, etc.
- Localización extrema, además de disponer de un sistema de localización con batería auxiliar, el casco está dotado para emitir su posición aun si se agotan todas las baterías (persona soterrada por tiempo elevado o inmensa cortina de humo o llamas). - Extreme location, in addition to having a location system with auxiliary battery, the helmet is equipped to emit its position even if all batteries are exhausted (person buried for a long time or immense curtain of smoke or flames).
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
En la actualidad el sistema ideado formado por la suma de varios subsistemas no existe como tal, quizás se puedan encontrar algunos de estos subsistemas integrados en la invención por separado para localización y control de usuarios o detectores electrónicos de mano para detección de gases; no obstante estas aplicaciones en la actualidad, si se quisieran llevar por separado (el conjunto de sistemas que integramos en la invención), supondría el tener de 4 a 5 sistemas independientes, con alimentaciones autónomas, supondría alto coste e incomodidad a la hora de trabajar (multitud de aparatos) y con todo ello, no se llegaría a conseguir la mismas ventajas, ya que al carecer del sistema electrónico que integra y gobierna los elementos de adquisición de datos, no se podría realizar funciones como: - Función de lanzar una alarma automáticamente al exterior si se procede una detección de gases, un golpe en el casco o una petición de S.O.S. del trabajador. - Aviso por medio leds de visera y vibración en la cabeza del operario tras un mensaje del exterior o una alarma de gases (si el operario se encuentra en un entorno ruidoso puede no oír el aviso de un detector de gases de mano o de cinturón) Descripción de la invención At present, the system devised by the sum of several subsystems does not exist as such, perhaps some of these subsystems integrated in the invention can be found separately for location and control of users or handheld electronic detectors for gas detection; despite these applications at present, if they wanted to carry separately (the set of systems that we integrate in the invention), it would mean having 4 to 5 independent systems, with autonomous feeds, it would imply high cost and discomfort when working (multitude of devices) and with all this, the same advantages would not be achieved, since lacking the electronic system that integrates and governs data acquisition elements, functions such as: - Function of automatically launching an alarm outside if a gas detection, a blow to the helmet or an SOS request of the worker is carried out. - Warning by means of visor and vibration LEDs on the operator's head after a message from outside or a gas alarm (if the operator is in a noisy environment you may not hear the warning of a hand or belt gas detector) Description of the invention
El casco de seguridad electrónica integral inventado (1), se compone de los siguientes subsistemas: 1. Sistema de detección de impacto The invented integral electronic safety helmet (1) is composed of the following subsystems: 1. Impact detection system
Si se produce un impacto sobre la envolvente del casco se captara la vibración por el sensor (golpe en el casco), esta señal se detectara por el sistema de control, se evaluara en intensidad y si es suficientemente grande, se conectara el vibrador (vibración continua) y los leds de la visera para poner en sobre aviso al usuario (pre alarma), si este no cancela mediante el pulsador antes de 6 segundos (pulsación de más de 2 seg.), el sistema lanza al exterior la alarma de S.O.S. (Cuarto de control situado en el exterior) 2. Sistema de detección de gases If there is an impact on the shell of the helmet, the vibration will be captured by the sensor (hit in the helmet), this signal will be detected by the control system, will be evaluated in intensity and if it is large enough, the vibrator will be connected (vibration continuous) and the visor LEDs to alert the user (pre-alarm), if the user does not cancel using the push button within 6 seconds (more than 2 sec.), the system sends the SOS alarm outside (Control room located outside) 2. Gas detection system
Si el sensor de gases detecta aire contaminado, el sistema de control notificará al usuario mediante el funcionamiento del vibrador de cabeza (vibraciones corta, larga, corta...) y los leds de la visera, la unidad de control se puede programar para que se lance una alarma fuera tras emitir el preaviso al operario y siempre que este no cancele el envío mediante la pulsación del pulsador, no obstante los leds de la visera siempre señalaran gases hasta que estos desaparezcan y la atmosfera vuelva a ser adecuada. 3. Sistema de localización v gestión de comunicación activa If the gas sensor detects contaminated air, the control system will notify the user through the operation of the head vibrator (short, long, short vibrations ...) and the visor LEDs, the control unit can be programmed so that an alarm is released outside after issuing the warning to the operator and provided that it does not cancel the shipment by pressing the button, however the LEDs on the visor will always indicate gases until they disappear and the atmosphere becomes adequate again. 3. Location system and active communication management
El sistema tiene varios sistemas de localización y gestión de comunicación encapsulados en la unidad de comunicaciones extraible: Localización activa: The system has several localization and communication management systems encapsulated in the removable communications unit: Active location:
El sistema contiene un emisor wifi que conecta con puntos de acceso instalados en mina mediante fibra óptica y comunica a un software exterior la posición actual dentro de la propiedad (mina, industria, etc.), de este modo mediante la red sabremos la localización de cada trabajador (a tiempo real) y podremos obtener históricos laborales de movimientos en días, meses, etc. podremos estudiar eficiencia en trabajos o saber ante un percance (incidente o accidente) donde están los usuarios, que trabajadores se pueden haber visto implicados, etc. Comunicación activa: The system contains a Wi-Fi transmitter that connects with access points installed in the mine by means of fiber optics and communicates to the outside software the current position within the property (mine, industry, etc.), in this way through the network we will know the location of each worker (in real time) and we can obtain labor records of movements in days, months, etc. we can study efficiency in jobs or knowing about an accident (incident or accident) where the users are, what workers may have been involved, etc. Active communication:
Mediante un sistema de comunicación tipo SMS con mensajes prefijados podremos comunicar (mediante los pulsadores del modulo extraíble) con el centro de control exterior, o bien recibir instrucciones del mismo, un mensaje con una instrucción se podrá enviar a un solo operario, a un grupo de operarios o a todos los operarios de la mina. Through an SMS-type communication system with preset messages we can communicate (by means of the push buttons of the removable module) with the external control center, or receive instructions from it, a message with an instruction can be sent to a single operator, to a group of operators or all operators of the mine.
Este sistema hace posible la evacuación de la mina ante una emergencia con un solo mensaje enviado a todos los operarios. This system makes it possible to evacuate the mine in an emergency with a single message sent to all operators.
4. Sistema de localización pasiva (26) 4. Passive location system (26)
Este sistema de seguridad RFID con el que se ha dotado al casco da un respaldo notable para los incidentes o accidentes en los que el tiempo se dilate. This RFID security system with which the helmet has been provided gives a remarkable support for incidents or accidents in which time is delayed.
Debido a que las baterías tanto de la fuente principal (lámpara), como la secundaria (del sistema de localización activo) se pueden agotar si se utilizan por un periodo largo de tiempo (se quedan atrapados mineros en una galería), se tiene en el casco un sistema de localización pasivo, esto es, sistema que no precisa energía eléctrica para funcionar, con lo que este sistema siempre emitiría el numero de usuario que esta y su posición al paso de un detector llevados por las brigadas de rescate. 5. Sistema de control (14) Because the batteries of both the main source (lamp), and the secondary one (of the active location system) can be depleted if they are used for a long period of time (miners are trapped in a gallery), it is kept in the hull a passive location system, that is, a system that does not require electrical energy to operate, so that this system would always emit the number of the user and its position when a detector was carried by rescue brigades. 5. Control system (14)
Este sistema (14) situado en el medio del casco y bajo una pasta (3) que lo aisla del polvo y el agua, es el que controla toda la electrónica de sensores (4) y (17), gobierna los actuadores (18), (19), (20), (2) y gestiona la unidad de localización y gestión de comunicación activa del casco. This system (14) located in the middle of the helmet and under a paste (3) that isolates it from dust and water, is the one that controls all the sensor electronics (4) and (17), governs the actuators (18) , (19), (20), (2) and manages the location and management unit of active communication of the helmet.
Ante la importancia de la alimentación y buen funcionamiento de este sistema maestro y debido a que se trata de sistemas de seguridad, se le dota a esta electrónica de perro guardián de microprocesador, es decir mediante el parpadeo cíclico del led verde de la visera, el sistema nos mostrara que tiene alimentación de la lámpara y que el micro está funcionando según su programa maestro de test cíclico (no se encuentra colgado). Given the importance of the power and proper functioning of this master system and because it is safety systems, this microprocessor guard dog electronics is provided, that is, by means of the cyclic blinking of the green LED of the visor, the system will show us that it has lamp power and that the microphone is working according to its cyclic test master program (it is not hung).
En cuanto a la luz roja (20), se conecta al detectar alarmas o llamadas por vibración. As for the red light (20), it is connected when alarms or calls by vibration are detected.
6. Sistema de aviso mediante vibración (2) Debido a que tanto en la industria como en la minería el ruido es elevado y a veces es imprescindible el uso de tapones o cascos para los oídos, nuestro sistema está dotado de un medio de comunicación (además de visual por leds (19), (20)) por vibración, gracias a un pequeño micro-motor descompensado (2) controlado por el microprocesador (14) y solidario a unas de las cintas interiores del casco (1), el usuario podrá alertarse incluso con ruido o mucha iluminación. 7. Envió de S.O.S voluntario 6. Warning system by vibration (2) Because in both industry and mining the noise is high and sometimes the use of earplugs or earphones is essential, our system is equipped with a means of communication (in addition to visual by LEDs (19), (20 )) by vibration, thanks to a small decompensated micro-motor (2) controlled by the microprocessor (14) and integral with one of the inner hull tapes (1), the user can be alerted even with noise or a lot of lighting. 7. Voluntary SOS shipping
El operario podrá enviar (a voluntad) una señal de S.O.S. para ser auxiliado por la brigada de rescate, únicamente tendrá que tirar de la cinta situada en la parte trasera de la unidad y no anular el aviso durante el tiempo de prealarma de la unidad (10 segundos), tras este tiempo la unidad manda la señal al exterior. The operator may send (at will) an S.O.S. To be assisted by the rescue brigade, you will only have to pull the tape located at the back of the unit and not cancel the warning during the pre-alarm time of the unit (10 seconds), after this time the unit sends the signal To the exterior.
El inventor de la presente solicitud realizó un primer prototipo del casco de acuerdo con lo descrito anteriormente, prototipo que fue probado tanto en mina a cielo abierto (Riotinto) como en mina subterránea (MATSA). Como consecuencia de dichas pruebas, se diseña posteriormente un segundo prototipo mejorado que, adicionalmente a los sistemas descritos, incluye dos sistemas de seguridad adicionales: The inventor of the present application made a first prototype of the hull in accordance with that described above, a prototype that was tested in both an open pit mine (Riotinto) and an underground mine (MATSA). As a result of these tests, a second improved prototype is subsequently designed which, in addition to the systems described, includes two additional security systems:
- un sistema de detección de persona inmóvil (para detectar un posible desvanecimiento del operario), y  - a motionless person detection system (to detect a possible operator fading), and
- un sistema de posicionamiento lumínico o "faro" que señala en la oscuridad de la mina la posición de un casco cuya alarma ha saltado (es decir, que ha enviado una alarma SOS al exterior. Además, el segundo prototipo mejorado de casco incluye las siguientes modificaciones con relación al primer prototipo inicial: a) Cambio de localización de leds v pulsador Se cambia la ubicación de todos los dispositivos de la parte frontal del casco descritos anteriormente para evitar su deterioro por agua barro o golpes en los dispositivos del casco. En el segundo prototipo estos elementos se colocan debajo de la visera del mismo. b) Cambio de conector de alimentación principal  - a light positioning system or "lighthouse" that indicates in the darkness of the mine the position of a helmet whose alarm has jumped (that is, that has sent an SOS alarm outside. In addition, the second improved helmet prototype includes the following modifications in relation to the first initial prototype: a) Change of location of LEDs and button The location of all the devices of the front part of the helmet described above is changed to avoid deterioration due to mud water or blows to the devices of the helmet. In the second prototype these elements are placed under the visor of the same. b) Change of main power connector
Para el conector principal de alimentación del sistema, en un principio se tenía un conector en la parte frontal tipo enchufe. En el segundo prototipo se coloca un conector tipo llave que hace la función de sustentación de lámpara y de conexión eléctrica entre ésta y el casco CESI. c) Supresión de cintas de extracción de cásete v cinta de envío de SOS (el SOS se envía mediante pulsación de botón) For the main power connector of the system, initially there was a connector on the front type plug. In the second prototype a key-type connector is placed that functions as a lamp holder and an electrical connection between it and the CESI helmet. c) Removal of cassette removal tapes and SOS sending tape (the SOS is sent by button press)
Tras las pruebas se constata que se producen deterioros y enredos no deseados de las cintas, con lo que se opta por colocar el cásete en la parte delantera para facilitar su extracción sin necesidad de la cinta. En cuanto al envío de S.O.S. voluntario, se opta por programar en el botón (18) el envío del mismo, suprimiendo esta cinta de la unidad. d) Cambio de ubicación de cásete localización v comunicación activa After the tests it is verified that there are deteriorations and unwanted entanglements of the tapes, with which it is decided to place the cassette in the front part to facilitate its removal without the need of the tape. Regarding the shipment of S.O.S. Voluntary, you choose to program the button (18) to send it, deleting this tape from the unit. d) Change of location of casse location v active communication
Para facilitar la extracción del cásete se cambia la colocación de éste en el casco disponiendo el porta cásete que lo aloja en la parte delantera. e) Instalación de iluminación "FARO" en la parte superior del casco Se instala un sistema para la visualización de un casco alarmado por parte de la brigada de rescate. Este sistema consta de un led de alta luminosidad colocado en la parte superior del casco. Al lanzar una alarma al exterior, el sistema encenderá intermitentemente este led y el led rojo de la visera; de este modo el operario alarmado se podrá ver desde lejos en la oscuridad de la mina. f) Instalación de Sistema de detección de persona inmóvil To facilitate the removal of the case, its placement in the helmet is changed by arranging the case holder that houses it in the front. e) "FARO" lighting installation on the top of the helmet A system for displaying an alarmed helmet by the rescue brigade is installed. This system consists of a high brightness LED placed on the top of the helmet. When launching an alarm outside, the system will turn on this LED and the red LED of the visor; in this way the alarmed operator can be seen from afar in the darkness of the mine. f) Installation of Motionless Person Detection System
Tras las ejecuciones de pruebas se añade un nuevo sistema de seguridad basado en un detector de movimiento, este sistema alertara al cuarto de control (lanza una alarma automáticamente) si el operario permanece totalmente inmóvil por un periodo prefijado de tiempo. After the test runs a new security system based on a motion detector is added, this system will alert the control room (automatically throws an alarm) if the operator remains completely motionless for a predetermined period of time.
En definitiva, el sistema de la invención presenta las siguientes ventajas: In short, the system of the invention has the following advantages:
Incrementa la seguridad personal. (avisos peticiones de S.O.S.) Increase personal security. (notices requests from S.O.S.)
Gracias a la unidad de alarma S.O.S., pulsando un botón el sistema de comunicación del casco transmitirá la alarma al exterior. Thanks to the S.O.S. alarm unit, by pressing a button the helmet communication system will transmit the alarm to the outside.
Gracias a un sistema de detección de impacto en la superficie del casco sería posible detectar en segundos un percance, con lo que el auxilio seria inmediato. Thanks to an impact detection system on the surface of the hull it would be possible to detect an accident in seconds, so that the help would be immediate.
Gracias al sistema de detección de movimiento (28) del segundo prototipo, se detectaría un desfallecimiento del personal por gases u otra circunstancia y se enviaría una alarma automáticamente al cuarto de control exterior. Thanks to the motion detection system (28) of the second prototype, a faintness of personnel by gases or other would be detected circumstance and an alarm would be sent automatically to the external control room.
Gracias a un sistema de testeo de calidad del aire el operario tendrá constancia (por medio de un vibrador dispuesto en el casco) y los leds de este de que la zona no es segura (esta alarma también se puede programar para que se transmita al puesto de control exterior). Thanks to an air quality test system, the operator will have proof (by means of a vibrator arranged in the helmet) and the LEDs of the area that the area is not safe (this alarm can also be programmed to be transmitted to the post external control).
Dota al usuario de la posibilidad de envió y recepción de SMS (extrayendo una unidad contenida en el casco), dándole capacidad de comunicación. It provides the user with the possibility of sending and receiving SMS (by removing a unit contained in the helmet), giving it the ability to communicate.
Dota o incrementa la seguridad preventiva de la empresa (alarmas de calidad aire). It provides or increases the company's preventive safety (air quality alarms).
Gracias a los sensores de calidad del aire dispuestos en los cascos se tendrán alarmas en el exterior, con lo que el departamento de seguridad puede tomar decisiones como cerrar sectores, ventilarlos, etc. · Gracias a un sistema de iluminación de alta intensidad dispuesto en la parte superior de la unidad (27) según el segundo prototipo, un casco que ha lanzado un SOS al exterior, puede ser localizado desde lejos en la oscuridad de la mina por las brigadas de rescate (una vez que se lanza un SOS al exterior se enciende intermitente esta luz "faro" a la vez que la luz roja de la visera) Thanks to the air quality sensors arranged in the helmets, alarms will be taken outside, so that the security department can make decisions such as closing sectors, ventilating them, etc. · Thanks to a high intensity lighting system arranged at the top of the unit (27) according to the second prototype, a helmet that has launched an SOS outside, can be located from afar in the darkness of the mine by the brigades Rescue (once an SOS is launched outside this "headlight" light flashes at the same time as the red visor light)
• Dota a la empresa de la posibilidad de comunicación y control de personal en tiempo real. (localización, avisos mensajería SMS) Gracias al sistema de localización activo el dispositivo comunicará su posición al exterior (cuarto de control) en todo momento, con lo que se podrán realizar cálculos de eficiencia de personal o trabajos, controlar la labor de los empleados, tiempos, etc. El envió de SMS (extrayendo una unidad contenida en la parte delantera del casco en el segundo prototipo) dota de comunicación a la propiedad o su encargado con el o los operarios en tiempo real, que también pueden recibir avisos mediante led y sonido desde control. Mediante este sistema de comunicación (de alimentación independiente), se podría evacuar la mina tras un cese de energía eléctrica (por ejemplo por no tener ventilación principal activa) y solo se precisaría de un mensaje enviado a todos los usuarios. O al contrario, se podría comunicar que aun teniendo falta de alimentación en mina los sistemas de ventilación están activos. Gracias al sensor de movimiento del segundo prototipo, la empresa sabría si alguien se quita la unidad (el casco) en interior de la mina (poniéndose en peligro) o si el operario sufre somnolencia. · Dota al usuario de un sistema para su localización extrema en periodo largo, fuego, humo, etc. (en caso de siniestro) • Provides the company with the possibility of communication and control of personnel in real time. (location, SMS messaging notices) Thanks to the active location system the device will communicate its position abroad (control room) at all times, so that staff or work efficiency calculations can be performed, control the work of employees, times, etc. The sending of SMS (extracting a unit contained in the front part of the helmet in the second prototype) provides communication to the property or its person in charge with the operator (s) in real time, who can also receive warnings via LED and sound from control. Through this communication system (independent power supply), the mine could be evacuated after a cessation of electric power (for example because it does not have active main ventilation) and only one message sent to all users would be required. Or on the contrary, it could be reported that even if there is a lack of power in the mine, the ventilation systems are active. Thanks to the motion sensor of the second prototype, the company would know if someone removes the unit (the helmet) inside the mine (putting himself in danger) or if the operator suffers from sleepiness. · Provides the user with a system for extreme location over a long period, fire, smoke, etc. (in case of accident)
Gracias al sistema pasivo de localización RFID, será posible encontrar un usuario que se encuentre (por ejemplo) soterrado en poca profundidad por largo tiempo. Es decir, en primera instancia, el sistema activo marcaría su posición (en caso de que el sistema de fibra externo se encuentre operativo), pero al agotarse las dos baterías de las que dispone (batería lámpara y batería reserva) dejaría de emitirla. A partir de ese momento, el usuario se podría localizar (por tiempo indefinido) gracias al sistema pasivo que contiene. Este sistema se caracteriza por: Thanks to the passive RFID location system, it will be possible to find a user who is (for example) buried in shallow depth for a long time. That is, in the first instance, the active system would mark its position (in case the external fiber system is operational), but when the two available batteries (battery lamp and reserve battery) run out, it would no longer emit it. From that moment, the user could be located (indefinitely) thanks to the passive system it contains. This system is characterized by:
- No necesitar energía eléctrica para funcionar - Do not need electricity to operate
- No necesitar el sistema de comunicaciones exterior de fibra óptica y puntos de acceso. - Do not need the external fiber optic communications system and access points.
Descripción de las figuras Description of the figures
Fig.1 : Vista del casco desde abajo (interior de este), prototipo inicial. Fig. 1: View of the hull from below (inside of it), initial prototype.
Fig.2 Vista del casco desde abajo sin cintas de sujeción (se aprecia la electrónica), prototipo inicial. Fig. 2 View of the hull from below without fastening straps (electronics are appreciated), initial prototype.
Fig.3 Vista del perfil izquierdo del casco y detalles de correas traseras de S.O.S. y extracción de cásete de comunicación, prototipo inicial. Fig. 3 View of the left hull profile and details of S.O.S. and extraction of communication case, initial prototype.
Fig.4 Vista del perfil derecho del casco, prototipo inicial. Fig. 4 View of the right hull profile, initial prototype.
Fig.5 Detalle de sistema de control principal sin la pasta de protección, prototipo inicial. Fig. 5 Main control system detail without the protection paste, initial prototype.
Fig.6 Detalle de sistema porta cásete de comunicación y localización activa, prototipo inicial. Fig.7 Detalle de extracción de cásete para comunicación SMS, prototipo inicial. Fig. 6 Detail of the communication case holder and active location, initial prototype. Fig. 7 Cassette extraction detail for SMS communication, initial prototype.
Fig.8 Detalle de sistema cásete de comunicación y localización activa Fig.9 Vista del casco desde abajo (interior de este) , prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Fig.10 Vista del casco desde abajo sin cintas de sujeción (se aprecia la electrónica), prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Fig. 8 Detail of the communication and active location cassette system Fig. 9 View of the hull from below (inside of it), modified final prototype after the mine tests. Fig. 10 View of the hull from below without fastening straps (the electronics are visible), modified final prototype after the mine tests.
Fig.1 1 Vista del perfil izquierdo del casco, prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Fig. 1 1 View of the left hull profile, modified final prototype after the mine tests.
Fig.12 Vista del perfil derecho del casco, prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Fig.13 Detalle de sistema de control principal sin la pasta de protección, prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Fig. 12 View of the right hull profile, modified final prototype after the mine tests. Fig. 13 Detail of the main control system without the protection paste, final prototype modified after the mine tests.
Fig.14 Detalle de sistema porta cásete de comunicación y localización activa, prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Fig. 14 Detail of the communication and active location cassette holder system, modified final prototype after the mine tests.
Modo de realización preferente Preferred embodiment
Se describen a continuación dos ejemplos de casco de acuerdo con la invención, concretamente el prototipo inicialmente diseñado y el prototipo final modificado tras las pruebas en mina. Two examples of helmet according to the invention are described below, namely the initially designed prototype and the modified final prototype after the mine tests.
Antes de comenzar la descripción, se enumeran los sistemas o elementos utilizados en la presente invención: (1) Casco de seguridad electrónica integral Before beginning the description, the systems or elements used in the present invention are listed: (1) Integral electronic safety helmet
(2) Sistema de aviso por vibración  (2) Vibration warning system
(3) Pasta aislante de polvo y agua  (3) Dust and water insulating paste
(4) Sensor de impacto  (4) Impact sensor
(5) Modulo cásete de comunicación y posicionamiento activo  (5) Active communication and positioning cassette module
(6) Porta cásete alojador de modulo activo con conexión a sistema de control principal (6) Active module housing cassette holder with connection to main control system
(7) Anillo de fijación para cinta de S.O.S (al tirar de esta se activa señal S.O.S.) , prototipo inicial.  (7) Fixing ring for S.O.S tape (when pulling this signal S.O.S. is activated), initial prototype.
(8) Pestañas de anclaje de modulo de comunicación activa en porta cásete (9) Presión hacia detrás para liberar el modulo de comunicación activa  (8) Active communication module anchor tabs on cassette holder (9) Back pressure to release the active communication module
(10) Cinta de extracción de modulo de comunicación activa del porta cásete, prototipo inicial.  (10) Removal tape for active communication module of the cassette holder, initial prototype.
(1 1) Cinta de comunicación de alarma S.O.S, prototipo inicial.  (1 1) S.O.S alarm communication tape, initial prototype.
(12) Tirar hacia debajo de la cinta para extraer el modulo de comunicación activa  (12) Pull down the tape to remove the active communication module
(13) Tirar hacia abajo para activar una alarma S.O.S. , prototipo inicial.  (13) Pull down to activate an S.O.S. , initial prototype.
(14) Modulo de control principal de sistemas  (14) Main systems control module
(15) Conductores de conexión de alimentación y periféricos  (15) Power connection conductors and peripherals
(16) Conector de alimentación de batería principal (batería de lámpara), en prototipo final es de tipo llave (se conecta al colocar la lámpara en el casco) (17) Sensor de medición de calidad del aire (detección de contaminantes en el aire) (16) Main battery power connector (lamp battery), in the final prototype it is a key type (it is connected when the lamp is placed in the helmet) (17) Air quality measurement sensor (detection of air pollutants)
(18) Pulsador de reseteado de alarmas y lanzamiento de SOS (en prototipo final)  (18) SOS alarm reset and release button (in final prototype)
(19) Led verde (perro guardián, muestra los tés OK del sistema) (19) Green LED (watchdog, shows OK teas from the system)
(20) Led rojo de aviso de alarma o llamada  (20) Red alarm or call warning LED
(21) Botón pulsador con dos opciones para envió de SMS de la unidad de comunicación activa  (21) Push button with two options for sending SMS of the active communication unit
(22) Botón pulsador con dos opciones para envió de SMS de la unidad de comunicación activa  (22) Push button with two options for sending SMS of the active communication unit
(23) Botón de menú de la unidad de comunicación activa  (23) Menu button of the active communication unit
(24) Pantalla display led para visualización de SMS  (24) Led display screen for SMS display
(25) Conector para comunicación con sistema de control principal  (25) Connector for communication with main control system
(26) Sistema de localización pasivo  (26) Passive location system
(27) Led de alta luminosidad de aviso a brigada de rescate Taro", prototipo final (27) High brightness LED warning to Taro rescue brigade ", final prototype
(28) Sensor de movimiento de dos ejes, prototipo final  (28) Two-axis motion sensor, final prototype
A continuación, se describen las realizaciones preferentes de las figuras. Como se ha comentado, las figuras 1-7 corresponden al prototipo inicial del casco, mientras que las figuras 9-14 corresponden al prototipo final tras las pruebas realizadas en mina. Se describe en primer lugar el prototipo inicial: Sistema de detección de impacto (4) Next, the preferred embodiments of the figures are described. As mentioned, Figures 1-7 correspond to the initial prototype of the hull, while Figures 9-14 correspond to the final prototype after the mine tests. The initial prototype is described first: Impact detection system (4)
Si se produce un impacto sobre la envolvente del casco se captará la vibración por el sensor (4), esta señal se detectara por el sistema de control (4), se evaluara en intensidad y si es suficientemente grande, se conectara los leds de la visera y el vibrador (vibración continua) para poner en sobre aviso al usuario (pre alarma), si este no cancela mediante el pulsador (18) antes de 6 segundos (pulsación de más de 2 seg.), el sistema lanza a el punto de acceso más cercano el aviso de alarma de impacto, el AP que recoge la instalación lo transmite a la red de fibra óptica de bajo mina y esta lo transporta al exterior hasta llegar al cuarto de control, en el PC del cuarto de control observaran que el dispositivo numero 1256 (por ejemplo) ha detectado una alarma de impacto no reseteada por el usuario, el cuarto de control tendrá su situación actual exacta y podrá mandar a los equipos de rescate. If there is an impact on the envelope of the helmet, the vibration will be captured by the sensor (4), this signal will be detected by the control system (4), it will be evaluated in intensity and if it is large enough, the LEDs of the visor and vibrator (continuous vibration) to alert the user (pre alarm), if the user does not cancel using the button (18) within 6 seconds (more than 2 sec.), the system launches to the point With the closest access to the impact alarm warning, the AP that collects the installation transmits it to the low-mine fiber optic network and it transports it outside until it reaches the control room, in the control room PC you will observe that device number 1256 (for example) has detected an impact alarm not reset by the user, the control room will have its exact current situation and can send to the rescue teams.
Sistema de detección de gases (17) Gas Detection System (17)
Si el sensor (17) detecta aire contaminado, el sistema de control notificará al usuario mediante el funcionamiento del vibrador de cabeza (vibraciones corta, larga, corta...) y la intermitencia cíclica de los leds rojo verde de la visera (pre alarma), la unidad se puede programar para que si la circunstancia persiste el sistema lance el aviso de alarma de gases (aire contaminado) al cuarto de control exterior, el AP que recoge la señal la transmite a la red de fibra óptica de bajo mina y esta lo transporta al exterior hasta llegar al cuarto de control. En el PC del cuarto de control observaran que el dispositivo numero 1256 (por ejemplo) ha detectado una alarma de gases no reseteada por el usuario, el cuarto de control tendrá su situación actual exacta y podrá actuar en consecuencia. If the sensor (17) detects contaminated air, the control system will notify the user through the operation of the head vibrator (short, long, short vibrations ...) and the cyclic flashing of the red-green LEDs of the visor (pre alarm ), the unit can be programmed so that if the circumstance persists, the system will send the warning of gas alarm (air contaminated) to the external control room, the AP that collects the signal transmits it to the low-mine fiber optic network and transports it outside until it reaches the control room. On the control room PC you will observe that device number 1256 (for example) has detected a gas alarm not reset by the user, the control room will have its exact current situation and can act accordingly.
Nota: Si la unidad detecta gases no esta preprogramada para enviar aviso a exterior, avisara al operario mediante los leds de la visera siempre que la atmosfera no sea adecuada (para que se ponga la mascarilla), es decir no se puede anular este aviso que solo cesara cuando el sensor detecte una atmosfera no perjudicial Note: If the unit detects gases is not preprogrammed to send an outdoor warning, it will notify the operator using the visor LEDs provided that the atmosphere is not adequate (so that the mask is put on), that is, this warning cannot be canceled. It will only cease when the sensor detects a non-harmful atmosphere
El usuario también podrá comunicar con el cuarto de control (mediante un mensaje con la unidad (5) contenida en el casco), tras resetear la alarma, informando que su unidad electrónica ha detectado gases en la zona de trabajo. The user can also communicate with the control room (by means of a message with the unit (5) contained in the helmet), after resetting the alarm, informing that his electronic unit has detected gases in the work area.
Sistema de localización v gestión de comunicación activa (5) Location system and active communication management (5)
El sistema tiene varios dispositivos de localización y gestión de comunicación encapsulados en la unidad (5): The system has several localization and communication management devices encapsulated in the unit (5):
Localización activa: Active location:
El sistema contiene un emisor wifi (5) mediante el cual comunica con los APs de la instalación de bajo mina, estos serán los encargados de enlazar los paquetes recibidos con el software exterior situado en el cuarto de control, Nuestro dispositivo comunica así la posición actual a tiempo real, de este modo, sabremos la localización de cada trabajador y podremos saber ante un percance (incidente o accidente) donde están los usuarios, que trabajadores se pueden haber visto implicados, etc. u obtener históricos laborales de movimientos en días, meses, etc., estudiar eficiencia en trabajos, etc. The system contains a Wi-Fi transmitter (5) through which it communicates with the APs of the low mine installation, these will be responsible for linking the received packages with the external software located in the control room, Our device thus communicates the current position In real time, in this way, we will know the location of each worker and we will be able to know before an accident (incident or accident) where the users are, which workers may have been involved, etc. or obtain labor records of movements in days, months, etc., study work efficiency, etc.
Comunicación activa: Active communication:
Mediante un sistema de comunicación tipo SMS contenido en el cásete (5) del casco y utilizando la tecnología wifi descrita anteriormente los operarios y cuarto de control podrán comunicarse mediante envío de mensajes de texto, podremos de este modo (mediante los pulsadores (21), (22), (23) del modulo (5)) comunicar con el centro de control exterior, o bien recibir instrucciones del mismo de la siguiente forma: ·/ El Sistema de control del casco recepciona el mensaje y emite un sonido a la vez que avisa mediante vibración (2) (vibraciones cortas) y leds al usuario. El operario saca la unidad de comunicación contenida en el alojamiento (6) tirando hacia detrás de la pestaña (8) (sentido de la flecha (9)), y a su vez tirando de la cinta de extracción de cásete (10) o de este (sentido de la flecha (12), con el cásete en la mano (este continua funcionando por tener batería auxiliar), leeremos el mensaje en una pantalla y contestaremos al mismo mediante los pulsadores (21),(22). (23). Through an SMS-type communication system contained in the cassette (5) of the helmet and using the Wi-Fi technology described above, the operators and control room can communicate by sending text messages, we can thus (using the buttons (21), (22), (23) of the module (5)) communicate with the external control center, or receive instructions from it as follows: · / The helmet control system receives the message and emits a sound at the same time which warns by vibration (2) (short vibrations) and LEDs to the user. The operator removes the communication unit contained in the housing (6) by pulling back the tab (8) (direction of the arrow (9)), and in turn pulling the cassette extraction tape (10) or this (direction of the arrow (12), with the case in hand (it continues to work because it has an auxiliary battery), we will read the message on a screen and answer it using the buttons (21), (22). (23).
•s Una vez termina la comunicación, el operario no tendrá más que insertar de nuevo en el porta cásete del casco la unidad. Para ello se colocara y deslizará hacia dentro en el porta cásete (al llegar al final esta se queda conectada al casco y anclada). • s Once the communication is over, the operator will only have to insert the unit back into the helmet cassette holder. To do this, it will be placed and slide inwards in the case holder (when it reaches the end it stays connected to the helmet and anchored).
Ejemplo: Example:
Tras la caída de un rayo (por ejemplo) y quedarse la subestación apagada, la mina se encuentra sin energía eléctrica, no se tienen comunicaciones por radio, solo la fibra óptica (que precisa muy poco consumo) funciona con los generadores de emergencia con lo que se posibilita la comunicación por los dispositivos CESI: After lightning strikes (for example) and the substation is off, the mine is without power, there are no radio communications, only the optical fiber (which requires very little consumption) works with emergency generators with that communication is enabled by CESI devices:
Cuarto de control manda un mensaje de texto a todos los usuarios para comunicarles la situación y ordena la salida ordenada de los operarios por no tener ventilación principal activa  Control room sends a text message to all users to communicate the situation and orders the orderly exit of the operators for not having active main ventilation
Cada operario sacará la unidad de comunicación contenida en el alojamiento (6) tirando hacia detrás de la pestaña (8) (sentido de la flecha (9)), y a su vez tirando de la cinta o el cásete (10) (sentido de la flecha (12), con el cásete en la mano (este continua funcionando por tener batería auxiliar), leeremos el mensaje en una pantalla y contestaremos al mismo mediante los pulsadores (21), (22), (23).  Each operator will remove the communication unit contained in the housing (6) by pulling back the tab (8) (direction of the arrow (9)), and in turn pulling the tape or the cassette (10) (direction of the arrow (12), with the case in hand (it continues to work because it has an auxiliary battery), we will read the message on a screen and answer it using the buttons (21), (22), (23).
En el cuarto de control aparecerá un mensaje emergente diciendo que el operario 5869 (por ejemplo) ha recibido el mensaje  A pop-up message will appear in the control room saying that operator 5869 (for example) has received the message
Una vez termina la comunicación, el operario no tendrá más que insertar de nuevo en el porta cásete del casco la unidad. Y cumplirá con la instrucción dada.  Once the communication is over, the operator will only have to insert the unit back into the helmet holder. And will comply with the instruction given.
Sistema de localización pasiva (26) Passive Location System (26)
Este sistema de seguridad RFID dispuesto en cada unidad CESI se conforma por un micro dispositivo de frecuencia ultra alta con antena de aluminio. Sus características principales son las siguientes: Parámetro técnico This RFID security system in each CESI unit is made up of an ultra-high frequency micro device with an aluminum antenna. Its main features are as follows: Technical parameter
Frecuencia portadora 860MHz - 960MHz  Carrier frequency 860MHz - 960MHz
Protocolo de comunicación ISO18000-6C (GEN de la clase 1 del EPC 2)  ISO18000-6C communication protocol (EPC 2 class 1 GEN)
Capacidad de datos 96bit/512bit  96bit / 512bit data capacity
Retención de los datos 10 años  Data retention 10 years
Borrar-Escriba 1000,000times  Delete-Type 1000,000times
Material de la encapsulación PET+AL  PET + AL encapsulation material
Dimensión de la encapsulación Modificado para requisitos particulares  Encapsulation dimension Customized
Temperatura de funcionamiento - 30°O+50°C  Operating temperature - 30 ° O + 50 ° C
Temperatura de almacenaje - 40eC~+eOeC Storage temperature - 40 e C ~ + eO e C
Estos dispositivos serán detectados por las brigadas de rescate mediante una antena con alimentación independiente suministrada por medio de baterías. Esta antena no tendrá cable alguno y se conectara vía wifi a un PC portátil, en el cual se registrarán los dispositivos (operarios) localizados frontalmente por la misma. Con este sistema de seguridad, se ha dotado al casco de un respaldo notable para los incidentes o accidentes en los que el tiempo se dilate, por ejemplo enterramientos de personas por tiempo superior al estimado de vida de las baterías, gases que impidan la visión (humos) o fuegos que destruyan las instalaciones de comunicaciones en mina. These devices will be detected by rescue brigades by means of an antenna with independent power supplied by means of batteries. This antenna will not have any cable and will be connected via Wi-Fi to a portable PC, in which the devices (operators) located frontally by it will be registered. With this safety system, the helmet has been provided with a remarkable support for incidents or accidents in which time is delayed, for example burials of people for longer than the estimated life of the batteries, gases that prevent vision ( fumes) or fires that destroy mine communications facilities.
Debido a que las baterías tanto de la fuente principal (lámpara), como la secundaria (del sistema de localización activo) se pueden agotar si se utilizan por un periodo largo de tiempo (se quedan atrapados mineros en una galería), se tiene en el casco un sistema de localización pasivo, esto es, sistema que no precisa energía eléctrica para funcionar ni instalación de comunicaciones exterior, con lo que este sistema siempre emitiría el numero de usuario y su posición al paso de un detector llevados por los cuerpos de rescate. También en un incendio, en el que la fibra óptica se vea afectada y se dude si se tienen tras las llamas o humos a operarios, la brigada de rescate podría testear si existen unidades y de quienes se trata. Because the batteries of both the main source (lamp), and the secondary one (of the active location system) can be depleted if they are used for a long period of time (miners are trapped in a gallery), it is kept in the hull a passive location system, that is, a system that does not require electrical power to operate or installation of external communications, so that this system would always emit the user number and its position to the passage of a detector carried by rescue bodies. Also in a fire, in which the fiber optic is affected and doubts if they are behind the flames or fumes to operators, the rescue brigade could test if there are units and who they are.
Como se ha comentado, el prototipo inicial que se ha descrito fue mejorado tras la realización de pruebas en mina abierta y cerrada. A continuación, se describen las modificaciones que incluye el prototipo final. As mentioned, the initial prototype that has been described was improved after testing in an open and closed mine. Next, the modifications included in the final prototype are described.
1. Cambio de localización de leds v pulsador Para evitar el deterioro por agua barro o golpes en los dispositivos del casco leds, interruptor y sensor de gases (17,18, 19,20) ( figura 3 y figura 4), en el prototipo final se disponen según la figura 9 y figura 10, además para el caso de los dos leds (19 y 20) se instala un microled de dos colores SMD en vez de dos leds separados. 1. Change of location of LEDs and push-button To avoid deterioration due to mud water or blows to the devices of the LED helmet, switch and gas sensor (17,18, 19,20) (figure 3 and figure 4), in the prototype final are arranged according to figure 9 and figure 10, in addition to the In the case of the two LEDs (19 and 20), a two-color SMD microled is installed instead of two separate LEDs.
2. Cambio de conector de alimentación principal 2. Change main power connector
El conector principal de alimentación (16) en un principio situado en la parte frontal del casco (figura 3), con este sistema las lámparas tenían que tener un cable con la hembra de dicho conector que se enchufaría tras colocar la lámpara. The main power connector (16) initially located on the front of the helmet (figure 3), with this system the lamps had to have a cable with the female of that connector that would be plugged after placing the lamp.
Para evitar la modificación en las lámparas de mina, las conexiones externas propensas a suciedad, etc. Se dota a la unidad cesi del mismo conector que tienen los cargadores de las lámparas, es decir que al colocar la lámpara sobre el casco, este quedara totalmente conectado eléctricamente mediante un conector tipo llave figura 11 y 12 To avoid modification in mine lamps, external connections prone to dirt, etc. The cesi unit is provided with the same connector that the lamp chargers have, that is to say that when the lamp is placed on the helmet, it will be fully electrically connected by means of a key type connector figure 11 and 12
Conexión: Connection:
• Se conecta al colocar la lámpara sobre el casco, tras introducir la lámpara en un perno tipo llave y girar la misma 90°, en la parte final quedara el contacto cerrado y se conectara la lámpara a la unidad • It is connected when the lamp is placed on the helmet, after inserting the lamp into a key bolt and turning it 90 °, in the final part the contact will remain closed and the lamp will be connected to the unit
C.E.S.I. C.E.S.I.
Ventajas: Advantages:
• Se suprime la necesidad de cables auxiliares, modificaciones en lámparas y conectores independientes.  • The need for auxiliary cables, modifications in lamps and independent connectors is suppressed.
· Con la colocación de la lámpara en el casco se conecta automáticamente de manera segura y con conexión robusta.  · When the lamp is placed in the helmet, it is automatically connected securely and with a robust connection.
3. Supresión de cintas de extracción de cásete v cinta de envío de SOS (el SOS se envía mediante pulsación de botón) 3. Removal of cassette removal tapes and SOS shipping tape (SOS is sent by button press)
Las cintas (10 y 11), (figura 7) dispuestas para la extracción del cásete (5) y para el lanzamiento de S.O.S. voluntario, se suprimen. Este cambio es debido al posible enganche y deterioro de las mismas. The tapes (10 and 11), (figure 7) arranged for the removal of the cassette (5) and for the launch of S.O.S. voluntary, they are suppressed. This change is due to the possible coupling and deterioration thereof.
La cinta (10) de extracción de cásete (figura 7) se suprime y la unidad de comunicación es recolocada en la parte delantera del casco. El prototipo final queda según las figuras 9 o 10, donde se muestra la situación en la parte delantera del casette (5) y su portacasette (6). The cassette removal tape (10) (Figure 7) is suppressed and the communication unit is repositioned at the front of the helmet. The final prototype is according to figures 9 or 10, showing the situation in the front of the cassette (5) and its cassette holder (6).
La cinta (1 1) destinada para lanzamiento de S.O.S se suprime y se programa la unidad para que el lanzamiento de alarma voluntaria S.O.S se realice mediante la pulsación del interruptor (18) situado según la (figura 9 o 10). The tape (1 1) destined for S.O.S release is suppressed and the unit is programmed so that the voluntary S.O.S alarm release is carried out by pressing the switch (18) located according to (figure 9 or 10).
4. Cambio de ubicación de cásete localización v comunicación activa Para facilitar la extracción del cásete (5) localizado con anterioridad en la parte trasera del casco según (la figura 2) se cambia la colocación de este quedando en el prototipo final en la parte frontal según la (figura 9 o 10) 5. Instalación de iluminación "FARO" en la parte superior del casco 4. Change of location of location and active communication To facilitate the removal of the cassette (5) located previously in the rear part of the helmet according to (figure 2), its placement is changed, leaving the final prototype in the front part according to (figure 9 or 10) 5. Installation lighting "FARO" on the top of the helmet
Se instala un sistema para la visualización de un casco alarmado por parte de la brigada de rescate. Para que la unidad alarmada se vea desde lejos en la oscuridad de la mina y la localización por parte de la brigada de rescate (que acude ante una alarma) sea inmediata, se instala una luz led (27) de alta luminosidad en la parte superior del casco (figura 11 y 12), de este modo al lanzar una alarma al exterior el sistema encenderá intermitentemente este led y el led rojo de la visera (20) (figura 9) (parte inferior de la visera), por si el operario y su unidad se encontraran desmayados (con el led casco boca abajo). A system for displaying an alarmed helmet by the rescue brigade is installed. In order for the alarmed unit to be seen from afar in the darkness of the mine and the location by the rescue brigade (which goes before an alarm) is immediate, a high-light led light (27) is installed on the top of the helmet (figures 11 and 12), in this way when launching an alarm outdoors the system will turn on this LED and the red LED of the visor (20) (figure 9) (bottom of the visor), in case the operator and your unit will be fainted (with the helmet LED facing down).
6. Instalación de Sistema de detección de persona inmóvil Se dota al casco de un detector de movimiento (28) dispuesto según la figura 13. Si se produce inmovilidad total por un tiempo definido mayor de 36 segundos, se produce una pre-alarma de vigilancia intensiva del microprocesador (se encenderá un micro led rojo en la placa de control), tras ello si la inmovilidad persiste al llegar al minuto se lanza una segunda pre- alarma a la visera parpadeando un led rojo durante 10 segundos y activando el vibrador, si el operario no anula el aviso en este tiempo (mediante el pulsador (18) de la visera) el sistema lanza un S.O.S al exterior, tras este lanzamiento se encenderá de forma intermitente la luz "faro" roja de la parte posterior y la luz roja de la visera. 6. Installation of Motionless Person Detection System The helmet is equipped with a motion detector (28) arranged according to Figure 13. If total immobility occurs for a defined period of more than 36 seconds, a surveillance pre-alarm occurs intensive microprocessor (a red micro LED will light on the control board), after that if the immobility persists after one minute a second pre-alarm is sent to the visor flashing a red LED for 10 seconds and activating the vibrator, if the operator does not cancel the warning at this time (using the visor button (18)) the system launches an SOS outside, after this launch the red "beacon" light on the back will turn on intermittently and the red light of the visor.
Si el operario dejara de moverse por padecer un infarto o desmallo (por ejemplo), el sistema de control lo detectaría y tras un preaviso a este (en caso que no se anule la prealarma mediante la pulsación del interruptor (18) por estar inconsciente), este lanzaría automáticamente un SOS a cuarto de control exterior. El cuarto de control tras recibir el S.O.S. mandaría a rescatar al operario. If the operator stops moving due to having a heart attack or loss of heart (for example), the control system would detect it and after a warning to it (in case the pre-alarm is not canceled by pressing the switch (18) for being unconscious) , this would automatically launch an SOS to an external control room. The control room after receiving the S.O.S. I would send the operator to rescue.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral que consiste en la unión de un sistema de control y gestión integral inteligente y 8 sistemas de seguridad compuestos por unos actuadores de comunicación con usuario, un sistema de localización activa y comunicaciones wifi con exterior, sistema de localización pasivo RFID y unos sistemas de adquisición de datos del entorno de trabajo (sensores de gases, impacto, movimiento). Helmet with integral electronic security system consisting of the union of an intelligent integral control and management system and 8 security systems composed of actuators for communication with the user, an active location system and Wi-Fi communications with outside, passive location system RFID and data acquisition systems of the work environment (gas sensors, impact, movement).
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo control principal inteligente vigilado, para el gobierno de todos los procesos, con las siguientes características:  Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized by containing intelligent main control device monitored, for the governance of all processes, with the following characteristics:
a. Programa base ensamblador para microcontrolador (Pie), (altas velocidades de ejecución de programa).  to. Base assembly program for microcontroller (Foot), (high program execution speeds).
b. Electrónica de control de consumo reducido  b. Reduced consumption control electronics
c. Protección watchdog por programa con conteo de pulsos de reloj en un determinado tiempo esperando evento generado, quedando asegurada la operatividad y seguridad del sistema. d. Encapsulado en resina de sistemas electrónicos y conexiones con periféricos en el interior del casco, para protección de inclemencias externas (polvo, humedad, agua, etc).  C. Watchdog protection by program with clock pulse count in a certain time waiting for generated event, ensuring the operation and safety of the system. d. Resin encapsulation of electronic systems and connections with peripherals inside the helmet, for protection from external inclemencies (dust, humidity, water, etc).
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de detección de gases integrado en la parte frontal para dar aviso al usuario y al exterior (cuarto de control) de la localización de gases nocivos en entorno de trabajo  Helmet with integral electronic safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a gas detection device integrated in the front part to notify the user and the outside (control room) of the location of harmful gases in the work environment
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de detección de golpes (a usuario en la cabeza) mediante sistema electrónico de adquisición de datos, que valora la intensidad del mismo.  Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a shock detection device (to the user in the head) by means of an electronic data acquisition system, which assesses its intensity.
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de aviso en entornos ruidosos mediante códigos de vibración en la cabeza del usuario y códigos lumínicos externos en la parte frontal de la unidad, estos alertaran de comunicaciones o pondrán en sobre aviso de las alarmas al usuario. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized by containing warning device in noisy environments by means of vibration codes on the user's head and external light codes on the front of the unit, these will alert communications or put on warning of alarms to the user.
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de detección de localización ACTIVA a tiempo real, mediante unidad wifi comunicada por medio de instalación de puntos de acceso y fibra óptica que posicionará a cada operario en el cuarto de control mediante software (motor de búsqueda y posicionamiento).  Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized by containing real-time ACTIVE location detection device, by means of a Wi-Fi unit communicated by means of the installation of access points and optical fiber that will position each operator in the control room by software (search engine and positioning).
Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de comunicación bidireccional (usuario <-> cuarto de control) con el exterior mediante mensajes de texto. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized by containing two-way communication device (user <-> control room) with the outside by means of text messages.
8. Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de localización pasiva RFID. Este dispositivo dará la posición y nombre del usuario a las brigadas de rescate en caso de soterrado o percance prolongado, fuego, humo, etc. (no precisa energía eléctrica para su funcionamiento ni instalación de fibra óptica). 8. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized by containing RFID passive location device. This device will give the position and name of the user to the rescue brigades in case of underground or prolonged accident, fire, smoke, etc. (It does not require electrical energy for its operation or installation of optical fiber).
9. Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de lanzamiento de SOS al exterior para rescate de usuario en apuros mediante la pulsación de un botón en el casco.  9. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized by containing an external SOS launch device for user rescue in distress by pressing a button on the helmet.
10. Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo de detección de movimiento que lanza un aviso al exterior si el operario permanece totalmente inmóvil durante un tiempo prefijado.  10. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a motion detection device that sends a warning outside if the operator remains completely immobile for a predetermined time.
11. Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por contener dispositivo sistema de faro compuesto por un led de alta luminosidad dispuesto en la parte superior de la unidad y que se enciende intermitente para mostrar a las brigadas de rescate (en la oscuridad de la mina) el casco alarmado tras una petición de S.O.S. al exterior 11. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a headlight system device consisting of a high-brightness LED arranged on the top of the unit and which is flashing to show rescue brigades (in the darkness of the mine) the helmet alarmed after an SOS request To the exterior
12. Casco con sistema de seguridad electrónica integral según reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado por disponer de un sistema de hardware creado para contener un software de control integral con las siguientes funciones: a. Control integrado de gobierno de periféricos 12. Helmet with integral electronic security system according to previous claims characterized by having a hardware system created to contain a comprehensive control software with the following functions: a. Integrated peripheral government control
b. Control de comunicaciones bidireccionales  b. Control of bidirectional communications
c. Gestión y evaluación de alarmas detectadas por sensores d. Gestión de posicionamiento y comunicación con red  C. Management and evaluation of alarms detected by sensors d. Network positioning and communication management
e. Gestión de sistemas interface de comunicación con usuario para avisos y/o alarmas  and. Management system communication interface with user for warnings and / or alarms
f. Gestión de gobierno y funcionamiento interno watchdog  F. Government management and internal operation watchdog
PCT/ES2012/000286 2011-11-23 2012-11-22 Helmet having an integral electronic safety system WO2013076325A1 (en)

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CN112116781A (en) * 2019-06-19 2020-12-22 南京蓝思信息科技有限公司 Alarm system and method suitable for safety helmet and storage medium

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