WO2013075928A1 - Convertisseur à différents niveaux de tension - Google Patents

Convertisseur à différents niveaux de tension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013075928A1
WO2013075928A1 PCT/EP2012/071831 EP2012071831W WO2013075928A1 WO 2013075928 A1 WO2013075928 A1 WO 2013075928A1 EP 2012071831 W EP2012071831 W EP 2012071831W WO 2013075928 A1 WO2013075928 A1 WO 2013075928A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
submodule
voltage
switching elements
power switching
phase module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/071831
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen MOSER
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP12786909.7A priority Critical patent/EP2759050A1/fr
Publication of WO2013075928A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013075928A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/501—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode sinusoidal output voltages being obtained by the combination of several pulse-voltages having different amplitude and width

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power converter having at least a first phase module branch between a first direct voltage terminal and an AC voltage connection and min ⁇ least a second phase module branch between the exchange ⁇ voltage terminal and a second Gleichthesesan- circuit, wherein each phase module branch has a plurality of submodules, each two electronic Leis ⁇ tung switching elements and having an energy store, wherein at two terminals of each submodule a certificate from the energy storage of the submodule Submodulnaps respectively providable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a converter with improved Umrichlessnessenschaften and a method for driving such a converter.
  • an inverter with at least one first phase module branch is connected between a first DC voltage connection and an AC voltage connection and at least one second phase module branch between the alternating selpressivesan gleich and a second Gleichthesesan- circuit, wherein each phase module branch has a plurality of submodules which each have at least two electronic ⁇ specific power switching elements and an energy storage on ⁇ , each submodule ne each egg at two terminals derived from the energy storage of the submodule submodule voltage can be provided, in which the first phase module branch and the second phase module branch each have first submodule with a first submodule voltage and at least one second submodule with a second submodule voltage, wherein the second submodule voltage is smaller than the first submodule voltage.
  • the converter in addition to the first submodules with the first submodule voltage, one or more additional submodules (second submodules) are additionally available which have a smaller submodule voltage than the first submodules.
  • second submodules By means of this second submodule voltage of the at least one second submodule, the converter can generate a precisely approximated DC voltage in rectifier operation or an exact AC voltage approached in inverter operation (in comparison with a converter having only identical first submodules with an identical first submodule voltage).
  • the output voltage from the respective submodule voltages is additively composed.
  • the voltage range of the converter can be covered in large or coarse steps, while the second submodule or the second submodule has the second (smaller) submodule voltage in a simple and cost-effective manner and the output voltage of the inverter can be generated more accurately.
  • the converter can advantageously be designed such that the second submodule voltage is half or one quarter of the first submodule voltage. This makes it possible to generate the output voltage of the inverter so that the "Voltage levels" in the output voltage only half or a quarter of the voltage level have (in comparison with a converter, which would have only first submodules with the first submodule voltage).
  • the converter may also be configured so that the Leis ⁇ tung switching elements of the second submodule having a greater switching frequency switch as the power switching elements of the first sub-modules.
  • the converter it is possible with the converter to generate an output voltage or output voltages having "voltage stages", each with a shorter duration (length), so that the output voltages can be generated more accurately again in comparison with a converter with only the first submodules.
  • the converter can advantageously be configured such that the power switching elements of the second submodule switch with a switching frequency in the kilohertz range.
  • advantageously output voltages can be generated more accurately than with a converter having only first submodules.
  • the converter can also be designed so that the power switching elements of the first submodules are controlled with block timing.
  • the power switching elements of the first submodule are driven with a drive frequency which corresponds approximately to the Grundfre ⁇ frequency of the AC voltage.
  • this method has been known for a long time and can be implemented inexpensively and precisely.
  • the inverter can also be designed such that the Leis ⁇ tung switching elements of the second sub-module are controlled by Pulsweitenmodu ⁇ lation.
  • control of power switching elements of the second submodule by means of pulse width modulation ⁇ can advantageously be the output voltage of the inverter very accurately generate ie with low harmonic content, so that the cost of a filtering of the Output voltage or the output current is significantly reduced.
  • the inverter can be constructed so here is that the first submodule and / or the second sub-module in each case has an electrical ⁇ specific series connection of two power switching elements ⁇ , said series circuit is connected in parallel to the Energyspei ⁇ cher.
  • Such a constructed submodule is already known as such from the aforementioned publication of Lesnicar and Marquardt.
  • the converter can also be constructed such that the second submodule additionally has a second series electrical circuit of a third and a fourth electronic power switching element, this second series circuit being connected in parallel to the energy store.
  • the second submodule has four power switching elements, which are connected as a full bridge, the energy ⁇ memory forms the bridge branch of the full bridge.
  • DIE ses second sub-module can be reversed, the Pola ⁇ rity of Submodulnaps advantageously.
  • the second submodule voltage can thus be added in addition to the submodule voltages of the first submodules.
  • the second submodule voltage can also be subtractively added to these submodule voltages of the first submodules. This can be the
  • the converter may also be configured so that the performance-shifting elements respectively are IGBTs, which are provided with Freilaufdio ⁇ .
  • IGBTs are available in a large selection and at low cost.
  • the first sub-modules advantageously IGBTs with high blocking voltage and a low tensioning ⁇ maximum switching frequency may have.
  • the second sub-modules can advantageously IGBTs with a ge ⁇ ringeren blocking voltage, but have a higher maximum switching frequency.
  • the invention further provides a method for driving an inverter having at least one first phase module branch between a first DC voltage connection and an AC voltage connection and at least one second phase module branch between the AC voltage connection and a second DC voltage connection, in which each phase module branch has a plurality of submodules, each at least comprise two electronic power scarf Tele ⁇ elements and an energy storage device, wherein two check circuits each submodule a respective provided by the Energyspei ⁇ cher the submodule Submodulnaps be output, and wherein the first phase module branch and the second phase module branch each first sub-modules having a first Submodulpressive and each having at least a second submodule with a second submodule voltage, wherein the second submodule voltage is smaller than the first submodule voltage, wherein in the method the Lei tion switching elements of the first submodules are driven with first drive signals whose fundamental frequency is smaller than the fundamental frequency of second drive signals with which the power switching elements of the second submodule are driven.
  • the method may also be configured so that the base ⁇ frequency of the second control signals is located in the kilohertz range.
  • the method can proceed so that the power scarf Tele ⁇ elements of the first sub-modules are driven by the first drive signals in block cycles.
  • the method may also be configured such that the Leis ⁇ tung switching elements of the second sub-module are driven by the second driving signals into pulse width modulation (at least one).
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an inverter with three phase modules, in
  • Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of a phase module of the inverter, in
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of a phase module of the inverter, in
  • Figure 4 is a known as such from the prior art
  • Figure 5 shows another embodiment of a submodule and in
  • Figure 6 shown an embodiment of a phase module with at ⁇ control devices.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a converter 1 in the form of a so-called bridge converter for three-phase alternating current.
  • This converter 1 comprises a first direct voltage terminal 4 of positive polarity so as ⁇ a second direct voltage terminal 8 negative Pola ⁇ rity.
  • the inverter 1 comprises a first AC voltage terminal 12 for a first phase of a Dreipha ⁇ sencicstroms, a second alternating voltage terminal 16 for a second phase of the three-phase alternating current, and a third alternating voltage terminal 20 for a third phase of the three-phase alternating current.
  • the first AC ⁇ terminal 12 is connected to a first phase module 24th
  • This first phase module 24 has a first Phasenmodul- on branch 28, which it extends between the first ⁇ Gleichthesesan- circuit 4 and the first AC terminal 12th
  • the first phase module 24 has a two ⁇ th phase module branch 32, which extends between the first AC voltage terminal 12 and the second DC voltage connection 8.
  • a phase ei ⁇ nes three-phase alternating current or a three-phase AC voltage to be rectified, or it may be a phase of a three-phase alternating current or a three-phase AC voltage generated by alternating direction.
  • the second AC voltage terminal 16 is connected to a second phase module 24 '.
  • the ⁇ ses second phase module 24 ' has a first phase module ⁇ branch 28' and a second phase module branch 32 '.
  • the third AC voltage terminal 20 is connected to a third phase module 24 ". This third
  • Phase module 24 '' has a first phase module branch 28 '' so as ⁇ a second phase module branch 32 '' on.
  • the third phase module 24 "and the third AC voltage terminal 20 an alternating direction or rectification is carried out for the third phase of the three-phase alternating current.
  • the basic structure of such a converter described so far is known as such from the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the first phase module 24, which contains the first phase module branch 28 and the second phase module 24. Senmodulzweig 32, shown in more detail.
  • the first phase module branch 28 has, in addition to an inductance 50, four identically constructed first submodules 55 (phase submodules 55). These first submodules 55 each have two connections, on each of which a first submodule voltage U1 can be provided.
  • the first phase module branch 28 has a second submodule 60 (phase submodule 60).
  • This second submodule 60 has two connections to which a second sub-module ⁇ voltage U2 can be provided.
  • the first submodule voltages U1 may assume the value 0 or the value U1 at the first submodules.
  • the second sub ⁇ module voltage U2 can take the value 0 or the value U2 depending on the control of the second submodule.
  • the second sub-module 60 may also be configured so that the second Submo ⁇ dulpressive U2 can take the value 0, the value (-U2) or the value (+ U2), that is, the polarity of the second Submodulpressive can U2 with appropriate control of the second submodule be reversed.
  • the second submodule voltage U2 has smaller values than the first submodule voltage U1.
  • the first submodules 55 and the second submodule 60 of the first phase module branch 28 are electrically connected in series.
  • first sub-modules 55 and the second sub-module 60 of the second phase module branch 32 are electrically switched ge ⁇ in series.
  • the second phase module 24 'and the third phase module 24 "of the converter 1 (cf., FIG. 1) may have the same structure as the first phase module 24.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the first phase module 24. This differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 2 only in that the phase module branches contain 28 and 32 instead of a second sub-module 60 are respectively two electrically switched in series ge ⁇ second submodules 60 and 60 '.
  • the phase module branches 28 and 32 may also include 3, 4 or even more second series submodules electrically connected in series.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a submodule using the example of the first submodule 55.
  • the first sub ⁇ module 55 includes a first power switching element 100 and a second power switching element 105, which are electrically connected in series.
  • the first power switching element 100 is provided with an antiparallel-connected first diode 110 (freewheeling diode); the second power switching element 105 is provided with an antiparallel-connected second diode 115 (freewheeling diode).
  • an energy ⁇ memory 120 is connected.
  • the energy store may be configured as a capacitor 120; In the exemplary embodiment, the energy store is designed as a unipolar capacitor 120.
  • a first terminal 130 of the sub ⁇ module is arranged; a second terminal 140 of the submodule 55 is arranged at the negative pole of the energy store (capacitor) 120.
  • Power switching element 105 may be configured, for example, as an IGBT (insulated-gate bipolar transistor). Both the first submodules 55 and the second sub-modules 60 and 60 'may be constructed as shown in Figure 4 Darge ⁇ represents.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment for the construction of the second submodule 60. This submodule 60 differs from the submodule shown in FIG. 4 in that, in addition to the first power switching element 100 'and the second power switching element 105', a third power switching element 150 is additionally connected in series with a fourth power switching element 155. Both power switching elements 150 and 155 are provided with a freewheel ⁇ diode 160 and 165, respectively.
  • the second terminal 140 'of the submodule 60 is connected to the electrical connection point between the third power switching element 150 and the fourth power switching element 155.
  • the second Submodulpressive U2 can be positive polarity (+ U2) or negative polarity (-U2) communicated with the second Submodulpressive can have the value 0 accept.
  • the power switching elements 100, 105, 150 and / or 155 for example, each be configured as an IGBT.
  • the second submodule 60 ' may have the same structure as the second submodule 60.
  • the power switching elements of the first submodules 55 can advantageously be designed as IGBTs with high reverse voltage, which, however, tolerate only a low switching frequency. These IGBTs advantageously have low forward losses. These can preferably be actuated in block clocking with drive signals of a comparatively low fundamental frequency.
  • the power switching elements of the second submodules 60, 60 ' can advantageously be configured as IGBTs, which only have to have a lower blocking voltage, but but can tolerate a higher switching frequency. These IGBTs advantageously have low switching losses.
  • the drive signals for this power switching elements of the second sub-modules 60, 60 ' may be preferably produced by means of pulse width modulation, wherein the fundamental frequency Ansteu ⁇ ersignale may be comparatively larger than this Grundfre acid sequence of the drive signals for the first sub-modules.
  • FIG. 6 shows the activation of the first submodules 55 and of the second submodules 60, 60 '.
  • the first Submo ⁇ modules 55 are driven by a first drive means 200, which provides first drive signals 205 for the power ⁇ switching elements of the first submodules.
  • the first drive device 200 By means of the first drive device 200, the block timing of the power switching elements of the first submodule 55 known as such is performed.
  • the first control device 200 sends to ⁇ control signals 205 to the power switching elements of the first submodule 55, wherein the fundamental frequency fl of the first drive signals corresponds approximately to the fundamental frequency of the AC voltage of the inverter.
  • the power switching elements of the first ⁇ submodules 55 switch having a first frequency fs Kunststofffre ⁇ . 1
  • a second drive means 210 provides second drive signals 215 for the power switching elements of the second submodules 60 and 60 '.
  • the fundamental frequency f2 of the second drive signals 215 for the second submodules 60 and 60 ' is greater than the fundamental frequency fl of the first drive signals 205 for the first submodules 55.
  • the second drive signals may have frequencies in the kilohertz range.
  • the second drive device 210 controls by means of the second drive signals 215 the power switching elements ⁇ the second submodules 60 and 60 'as such be ⁇ knew pulse width modulation.
  • the power switching elements of the second sub-modules 60 and 60 'with ei ⁇ ner larger switching frequency fs 2 as the power switching elements of the first sub-modules 55.
  • the first drive device 200 and the second drive device 210 can also be designed as a common drive device.
  • the submodule voltages can be designed such that the entire DC voltage or the peak voltage of the AC voltage can already be represented by means of the first submodule voltages U1.
  • the second Submodulpressive U2 can be added (for example, in a structure of the submodule according to Figure 4) ad ⁇ ditiv the first Submodulpressiveen.
  • the second submodule voltages U2 can also be added to the first submodule voltages U1 selectively (for example, in a design of the second submodule according to FIG.
  • the first Submodulspan ⁇ voltages Ul are each 2 kV in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the second phase module branch 32 is formed symmetrically to the first phase module branch 28. With such a phase module, switching stages of the size 0.5 kV can be generated. (If one had only the first submodules with first submodule voltages of 2 kV, one could only
  • a converter has been described with which the output voltage can be built up very accurately in a simple and cost-effective manner. This significantly reduces, for example, the filtering effort required to filter out harmonics and produces high-quality output voltages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un convertisseur comprenant au moins un premier embranchement de module de phase (28) entre une première borne de tension continue (4) et une borne de tension alternative (12), et au moins un second embranchement de module de phase (32) entre la borne de tension alternative (12) et une seconde borne de tension continue (8). Chaque embranchement de module de phase présente plusieurs sous-modules (55, 60, 60') qui comprennent respectivement au moins deux éléments commutateurs de puissance électroniques (100, 105) et un accumulateur d'énergie (120). Une tension de sous-module peut respectivement être mise à disposition à deux bornes de chaque sous-module, laquelle tension provient de l'accumulateur d'énergie (120) du sous-module. Le premier embranchement de module de phase (28) et le second embranchement de module de phase (32) présentent respectivement des premiers sous-modules (55) avec une première tension de sous-module (U1) et respectivement au moins un second sous-module (60, 60') avec une seconde tension de sous-module (U2) qui est inférieure à la première tension de sous-module (U1).
PCT/EP2012/071831 2011-11-22 2012-11-05 Convertisseur à différents niveaux de tension WO2013075928A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12786909.7A EP2759050A1 (fr) 2011-11-22 2012-11-05 Convertisseur à différents niveaux de tension

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102011086844.5 2011-11-22
DE102011086844 2011-11-22

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2928060A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit de convertisseur modulaire doté de sous-modules présentant différentes capacités de commutation
GB2538270A (en) * 2015-05-13 2016-11-16 Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult Power converter
WO2018189389A1 (fr) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Universität der Bundeswehr München Convertisseur de courant pour la transmission d'énergie

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999041828A1 (fr) * 1998-02-13 1999-08-19 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Topologie hybride pour conversion electrique multiniveau
WO2007028349A1 (fr) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de transmission d'energie electrique

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999041828A1 (fr) * 1998-02-13 1999-08-19 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Topologie hybride pour conversion electrique multiniveau
WO2007028349A1 (fr) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de transmission d'energie electrique

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Title
A. LESNICAR; R. MARQUARDT: "An Innovative Modular Multilevel Converter Topology Suitable for a Wide Power Range", IEEE BOLOGNA POWER TECH CONFERENCE, 23 June 2003 (2003-06-23)
MADHAV D MANJREKAR ET AL: "Hybrid Multilevel Power Conversion System: A Competitive Solution for High-Power Applications", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 36, no. 3, 1 May 2000 (2000-05-01), XP011022774, ISSN: 0093-9994 *
MANJREKAR M D ET AL: "A hybrid multilevel inverter topology for drive applications", APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 1998. APEC '98. C ONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 1998., THIRTEENTH ANNUAL ANAHEIM, CA, USA 15-19 FEB. 1998, NEW YORK, NY, USA,IEEE, US, vol. 2, 15 February 1998 (1998-02-15), pages 523 - 529, XP010263643, ISBN: 978-0-7803-4340-5, DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1998.653825 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2928060A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit de convertisseur modulaire doté de sous-modules présentant différentes capacités de commutation
GB2538270A (en) * 2015-05-13 2016-11-16 Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult Power converter
WO2016181155A1 (fr) * 2015-05-13 2016-11-17 Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult Convertisseur de puissance
CN107852107A (zh) * 2015-05-13 2018-03-27 奥夫肖尔可再生能源弹射器公司 电能转换器
US10483870B2 (en) 2015-05-13 2019-11-19 Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult Power conversion method using variable potential energy storage devices
CN107852107B (zh) * 2015-05-13 2021-06-04 奥夫肖尔可再生能源弹射器公司 电能转换器
GB2538270B (en) * 2015-05-13 2021-07-07 Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult Power converter
WO2018189389A1 (fr) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Universität der Bundeswehr München Convertisseur de courant pour la transmission d'énergie
US11056982B2 (en) 2017-04-13 2021-07-06 Universität der Bundeswehr München Power converter for energy transmission

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