WO2013068485A1 - Elektrolysezelle, insbesondere zur herstellung von aluminium, mit einer wannenförmigen kathode - Google Patents
Elektrolysezelle, insbesondere zur herstellung von aluminium, mit einer wannenförmigen kathode Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013068485A1 WO2013068485A1 PCT/EP2012/072170 EP2012072170W WO2013068485A1 WO 2013068485 A1 WO2013068485 A1 WO 2013068485A1 EP 2012072170 W EP2012072170 W EP 2012072170W WO 2013068485 A1 WO2013068485 A1 WO 2013068485A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
Definitions
- Electrolysis cell in particular for the production of aluminum
- the present invention relates to an electrolytic cell, in particular for the production of aluminum, as well as a cathode, which is suitable for use in such an electrolytic cell.
- Electrolysis cells are used, for example, for the electrolytic production of aluminum, which is usually carried out industrially by the Hall-Heroult process.
- a melt composed of alumina and cryolite is electrolyzed.
- the cryolite, Na 3 [AIF 6 ] serves to lower the melting point from 2045 ° C. for pure aluminum oxide to approximately 950 ° C. for a mixture containing cryolite, aluminum oxide and additives such as aluminum fluoride and calcium fluoride.
- the electrolytic cell used in this method has a cathode bottom, which may be composed of a plurality of adjacent, forming the cathode cathode blocks.
- the cathode is usually composed of a carbonaceous material.
- On the undersides of the cathode blocks are usually provided in each case grooves, in each of which at least one bus bar is arranged, through which the current supplied via the anodes is dissipated.
- layer of liquid aluminum is formed, in particular of individual anode blocks, anode, between the and the surface of the aluminum, the electrolyte, ie the alumina and Cryolite-containing melt is located.
- the aluminum formed is due to its compared to the of the electrolyte of greater density below the electrolyte layer, ie as an intermediate layer between the top of the cathode and the electrolyte layer.
- the dissolved in the melt aluminum oxide is split by electric current flow to aluminum and oxygen.
- the layer of liquid aluminum is the actual cathode because aluminum ions are reduced to elemental aluminum on its surface.
- the term cathode will not be understood below to mean the cathode from an electrochemical point of view, ie the layer of liquid aluminum, but rather the component forming the base of the electrolytic cell, for example composed of one or more cathode blocks.
- a major disadvantage of the Hall-Heroult process is that it is very energy intensive. To produce 1 kg of aluminum about 12 to 15 kWh of electrical energy is needed, which accounts for up to 40% of the manufacturing cost. In order to reduce the manufacturing costs, it is therefore desirable to reduce the specific energy consumption in this process as much as possible. Due to the relatively high electrical resistance of the melt, in particular in comparison with the layer of liquid aluminum and the cathode material, relatively high ohmic losses in the form of Joule dissipation occur, especially in the melt. In view of the relatively high melt specific losses, there is a desire to reduce as much as possible the thickness of the melt layer and thus the distance between the anode and the layer of liquid aluminum.
- the driving force for the wave formation in the layer of liquid aluminum is the inhomogeneous distribution of the electric current density and the magnetic flux density over the surface of the cathode, which leads to a wave formation favorable distribution of the Lorentz force density in the layer of liquid aluminum.
- the Lorentz force density is defined as the vector product of the electrical current density present at a specific location and the magnetic flux density present at this location.
- One of the reasons for the inhomogeneous distribution of the electric current density and the magnetic flux density at the top of the cathode is that the current in the cathode and in the aluminum bath preferably takes the path of the lowest electrical resistance.
- the electric current flowing through the cathode typically concentrates primarily on the lateral edge regions of the cathode, where the connection of the cathode with the contact rails contacting them, since the resulting electrical resistance in the flow of current across the edge regions to the surface of the cathode is less than the flow of current across the center of the cathode to the surface of the cathode, in which a longer path or electrical path must be covered than in the flow of current over the edge regions to the surface of the cathode.
- the inhomogeneous current density distribution and in particular the increased current Dense at the lateral edge areas of the cathode viewed in the transverse direction of the cathode compared to the current density in the middle of the cathode also to increased wear of the cathode in the lateral edge regions, which typically after a long operation of the electrolytic cell to a characteristic see in cross section of the cathode about W-shaped wear profile of the cathode leads.
- V-shaped tub are configured.
- the depression formed in the form of a V-shaped well in the cathode surface causes the current density in the lateral edge regions of the cathode to be reduced, thereby reducing the wave formation potential and also the wear in these regions.
- busbars contacting the cathode usually have busbars with one or more busbars external power supply lines are connected, wherein the distance between the end of the outer power supply and the ends facing the individual busbars differs, so that the electrical path from the external power supply to the point at which a single busbar contacts the bottom of the cathode for different busbars is different lengths. Longer electrical paths, however, have a higher electrical resistance than shorter electrical paths for a given material.
- the electric current flow is favored by those busbars, the bottom of the cathode contacting point is closer to the outer power supply, which is why in the arranged over these busbar edge regions or longitudinal sections of the cathode, a larger current flow than in the edge regions or longitudinal sections of the cathode lying over a busbar, the bottom of the cathode contacting point is further away from the external power supply.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrolytic cell which has a reduced specific energy consumption and an increased service life during its operation.
- an electrolytic cell is to be provided, in which the thickness of the melt layer is reduced, without as a result of increased wave formation tendency in the layer of liquid aluminum instabilities, such as short circuits or reoxidations of aluminum formed or fluctuations of the electrolysis cell voltage occur.
- an electrolysis cell which comprises a cathode, a layer of liquid aluminum arranged on top of the cathode, a melt layer above it Melting layer, an anode, at least one and preferably at least two of the cathode of the underside supplying current contacting busbar (s) and at least one outer Power supply comprises, wherein each of the at least one outer Stromzuture- tion at each connection point with at least one and preferably at least two of the busbar (s) is electrically connected, wherein the top of the cathode in cross-section of the cathode is designed trough-shaped, said Sump has two edge regions and one seen in the width direction of the cathode, arranged between the edge regions and lowered relative to the edge regions bottom region, wherein between the two edge regions and the bottom region each one the corresponding edge region and the bottom region connecting side wall region is provided, wherein i )
- the width of the bottom region or of an edge region of the top side of the cathode is understood to mean the extent of the bottom region or edge region measured in the width direction of the cathode, that is to say the distance from the-viewed in the cross-section of the cathode or in FIG the widthwise direction of the cathode - one end of the bottom area or edge area to the other end of the floor area or edge area.
- the phrase "the height of the top of the cathode from the bottom of the cathode” refers to the distance of any point on the top of the cathode from the point vertically below that point on the bottom of the cathode.
- external power supply is understood to mean any electrical conductor which is arranged outside the cathode is and leads to the power rail (s) or leads away from them.
- the external power supply to the busbar (s) (s) can be connected directly via a respective connection point or be connected to the or the busbar (s) indirectly via an arranged between the outer power supply and the busbars busbar.
- connection point is understood to be the point at which the external power supply is connected to the busbar connected to the busbars.
- connection point between the at least one and preferably at least two busbars and the external power supply denotes the point at which the busbar (s) electrically or conductively connected to the external power supply line (directly or indirectly) ( n) outgoing electrical paths converge and pass into the external power supply.
- electrical path denotes the current path of the lowest electrical resistance between two points.
- a cathode having the cross-sectional shape of a trough with a varying width and / or height of the bottom region and / or the edge regions of the trough over the length of the cathode, a comparison of the electric current density and the magnetic flux density at the top side of the trough Cathode is reached, not only viewed over the cross section of an insulated longitudinal section of the cathode, but in particular also over the entire surface of the cathode, ie both in the longitudinal direction and in the width direction of the cathode.
- the cathode material has a low conductivity compared with the layer of liquid aluminum disposed thereabove, and therefore, the current flow in the bottom portion of the trough-shaped cross section is favored as compared with the edge portions of the cathode opposite the bottom portion.
- the flow of current in this longitudinal section as a whole is favored, whereas the current flow in one longitudinal section
- the bottom of the cathode contacting point is closer to the outer power supply, by broadening the edge regions and / or increase the Edge regions and / or bottom regions are reduced and the flow of current through those longitudinal sections of the cathode, which are arranged above busbars, the bottom of the cathode contacting point is further away from the external power supply, by reducing the width of the edge regions and / or reducing the height the edge areas and / or floor areas are increased, so that the current flow and the magnetic flux through the individual longitudinal sections of the cathode, regardless of their distance from the external power supply, can be made uniform.
- the electrolysis cell according to the invention has a reduced specific energy consumption and an increased service life during its operation.
- the thickness of the melt layer can be reduced without instabilities, such as short circuits or reoxidations of the aluminum formed or fluctuations in the electrolysis cell voltage, occurring as a result of increased wave formation tendency in the layer of liquid aluminum.
- At least one edge region of the cathode comprises at least two longitudinal sections each having a different width, wherein the longitudinal section of the edge region, which is connected via the shortest electrical path to the connection point closest to it, has the largest width of all longitudinal sections of the edge region.
- the connection point closest to a longitudinal section of an edge region is that connection point between at least one and preferably at least two bus bars and the external power supply, which is connected via the shortest electrical path with the longitudinal portion of the cathode.
- the edge region is formed widened in that longitudinal portion having the shortest electrical path to the nearest connection point, the electrical resistance of this longitudinal section of the cathode is increased compared to the electrical resistances of the other longitudinal sections, so that the current flow through reduces this longitudinal portion of the cathode and is increased by the other longitudinal sections of the cathode, so that - seen over the individual longitudinal sections of the cathode - a uniform current density distribution is achieved.
- At least one of a plurality of longitudinal sections of the edge region or edge regions having mutually different widths can have a uniform width over the respective longitudinal section and / or the width of at least one longitudinal section can be from its longitudinal end closer to the nearest connection point to the farther edge Gradually remove longitudinal end.
- the widths of all longitudinal sections of the edge region or of the edge regions with mutually different widths are constant, so that one of the edge regions or both edge regions of the cathode are stepped or staircase-shaped relative to their width, or take the widths of all longitudinal sections of the Edge region or the edge regions with mutually different width of their closer to the nearest connection point longitudinal side end to the farther side longitudinal end gradually.
- a particularly uniform distribution of the electric current density across the surface of the cathode is achieved if at least one edge region of the cathode comprises at least three longitudinal sections, each having a different width, each of the longitudinal sections, which over a longer electrical path is connected to the nearest connection point as another longitudinal portion, has a smaller width than the other longitudinal portion.
- the bottom area of the cathode comprises at least two longitudinal sections each having a different width, the longitudinal section of the floor area being connected via the shortest electrical path to its closest connection point, has the smallest width of all longitudinal sections of the bottom portion.
- one or more longitudinal sections of the floor area with mutually different widths may have a uniform width across the respective longitudinal section and / or the width of at least one or more longitudinal sections may be from its longitudinal side closer to the nearest connection point Gradually remove the end to the more distant longitudinal end.
- the widths of all longitudinal portions of the bottom portion are different from each other in width, so that the bottom portion of the cathode is stepped or staircase-shaped relative to the width thereof, or that the widths all longitudinal sections of the floor area with each other different width gradually decrease from its closer to the nearest connection point longitudinal side end to the farther side lying far end.
- the bottom region of the cathode comprises at least three longitudinal sections, each having a different width, wherein each of the longitudinal sections, which is connected via a longer electrical path with its closest connection point than another longitudinal section, a greater width than the other longitudinal section.
- each of the longitudinal sections which is connected via a longer electrical path with its closest connection point than another longitudinal section, a greater width than the other longitudinal section.
- At least one edge region of the cathode comprises at least two longitudinal sections, each having a different height, wherein the longitudinal portion of the edge region of the cathode, which is connected via the shortest electrical path to the nearest connection point, the largest from the bottom the cathode has a certain height of all longitudinal sections of the edge region.
- the abovementioned embodiments can also be combined with one another, for example in such a way that the edge region of the cathode in the longitudinal section, which is connected via the shortest electrical path to the nearest connecting point is connected, has a greater width and a greater height than those longitudinal sections which are connected via a longer electrical path to the nearest connection point.
- the bottom portion of the cathode comprises at least two longitudinal sections each having different height, wherein the longitudinal portion of the bottom portion of the cathode, which is connected via the shortest electrical path to the nearest connection point, the largest of the Bottom of the cathode has a certain height of all longitudinal sections of the bottom portion.
- At least one of a plurality of longitudinal sections of one of the edge regions, the two edge regions and / or the bottom region having mutually different heights may have a height which is uniform over the respective longitudinal section and / or the height of at least one longitudinal section may be from its longitudinal side closer to the closest connection point Gradually remove the end to the more distant longitudinal end.
- the heights of all longitudinal sections of one of the edge regions, the two edge regions or the bottom region are constant with mutually different height, so that one of the edge regions, both edge regions or the bottom region of the cathode - based on its / their height - step or trep - Are designed pen-shaped, or take the heights of all longitudinal sections of one of the edge regions, the edge regions or the bottom region with different height from their closer to the nearest connection point longitudinal side end to the farther away longitudinal end gradually.
- the height of the cathode top side - seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode - varies for the edge region and the bottom region of one or more longitudinal sections in the opposite direction, that is, for example, the height of both edge regions of a L Lucassab- section is greater than however, the height of the bottom region of this longitudinal section is smaller than that of the bottom regions of the adjacent longitudinal sections.
- the height of the edge portions and the height of the bottom portion of each longitudinal portion of the cathode vary in the same direction, that is, the height of both the edge portions and the bottom portion of each longitudinal portion of the cathode are larger or smaller than those of the edge portions and the bottom portion of the adjacent longitudinal portions ,
- a particularly high uniformity of the distribution of the electric current density at the cathode top is achieved if the edge region of the cathode comprises at least three longitudinal sections, each of different height, each of the longitudinal sections, which connected via a longer electrical path with the nearest connection point for him is as a different longitudinal section, a lower height than the other longitudinal section has up.
- the bottom region of the cathode may comprise at least three longitudinal sections, each of different height, each of the longitudinal sections being connected to the nearest connection point via a longer electrical path than another longitudinal section has lower height than the other longitudinal section.
- a particularly favorable distribution of the electric current density can be achieved if the ratio of the maximum to the minimum width of at least one of the edge regions of the cathode is between 2: 1 and 1:05: 1, preferably between 1.5: 1 and 1.05: 1 and particularly preferably between 1.3: 1 and 1.05: 1 and / or the ratio of the maximum to the minimum height of at least one of the edge regions of the cathode between 2: 1 and 1.05: 1, preferably between 1, 5: 1 and 1, 05: 1 and more preferably between 1, 3: 1 and 1, 05: 1 and / or the ratio of the maximum to the minimum width of the bottom portion of the cathode between 2: 1 and 1, 05: 1 , preferably between 1.5: 1 and 1.05: 1 and more preferably between 1.3: 1 and 1.05: 1 and / or the ratio of the maximum to the minimum height of the bottom region of the cathode is between 2: 1 and 1, 05: 1, preferably between 1: 5 and 1, 05: 1 and more preferably between 1, 3: 1 and 1,
- the difference between the maximum height in the edge regions of the cathode and the minimum height in the edge regions of the cathode and / or the difference between the maximum height in the bottom region of the cathode and the minimum height in the bottom region of the cathode preferably less than 30 cm, more preferably less than 20 cm and most preferably not more than 10 cm.
- the difference between the maximum height in the edge portions of the cathode and the minimum height in the bottom portion of the cathode is at most 50% of the distance between the highest positions on the cathode top and the cathode bottom.
- the difference between the maximum width of the bottom region and the minimum width of the bottom Preferably, less than 30 cm, more preferably less than 20 cm and most preferably less than 10 cm, is considered over the entire longitudinal extent of the cathode.
- the difference between the maximum width of the bottom portion and the minimum width of the bottom portion - as viewed over the entire length of the cathode - is at most 20% and more preferably at most 10% of the cathode length.
- the electrolytic cell comprises at least two power rails contacting the cathode from their underside, each of the at least one external power supply being electrically conductively connected to at least two of the busbars at each connection point, and the at least two of the cathode of the underside of the current supplying contacting busbars are arranged parallel and at a fixed distance from each other, extend over the entire width of the cathode and the cathode of the underside contact strom foid, the individual busbars with one or both of their ends each with a busbar electrically are conductively connected and the busbar (s) is electrically connected to one or more external power supply lines / are.
- the individual bus bars can be arranged parallel and at a fixed distance from each other, but do not extend over the entire width of the cathode.
- the individual busbars can extend over only about half the width of the cathode.
- the busbars are quasi multi-piece, each of these two successively arranged busbars with their cathode edge facing end possibly via a busbar with an external power supply are connected.
- the electrolytic cell comprises 2 to 60, preferably 10 to 48, more preferably 16 to 40, most preferably 20 to 40 and most preferably 36 in parallel and at a fixed distance from each other across the entire width of Cathode extending and the cathode of the underside current supplying contacting busbars and 2 to 6 external power supply lines.
- the cathode of the electrolysis cell can be composed, for example, of 2 to 60, preferably 10 to 48, particularly preferably 16 to 40, very particularly preferably 20 to 40 and most preferably 36 cathode blocks arranged next to one another, wherein each of the cathode blocks has at least one on its underside has in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block or in the width direction of the cathode extending groove in which at least one bus bar is arranged.
- each of the grooves has a rectangular cross-section and having a varying depth over its length, each of the grooves having a smaller depth at its longitudinal end than at its center.
- a groove - viewed in cross-section of the cathode - for example, have a substantially triangular shape.
- At least one of the two edge regions and preferably both edge regions of the cathode - viewed in cross-section of the cathode and in the width direction of the cathode - sloping towards the center of the cathode extends / run, wherein the inclination angle of the edge region or the edge regions relative to the horizontal plane preferably between 2 ° and 45 °, more preferably between 3 ° and 20 ° and most preferably between 10 ° and 15 ° is.
- At least one of the two edge regions and preferably both of the edge regions over at least 30%, preferably over at least 50%, more preferably over at least 75% and most preferably over 100% whose / their width - in the cross section of the cathode and viewed in the width direction of the cathode - towards the center of the cathode down sloping runs / run.
- at least one of the edge regions can also run substantially horizontally.
- the bottom region of the cathode extends at least partially flat, wherein the surface of the bottom region relative to the plane extending in the vertical direction at an angle between -20 ° and 20 °, preferably between -10 ° and 10 ° and particularly preferred of 0 °.
- the width of at least one of the bottom region and the edge regions varies over at least 25%, preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90% and most preferably approximately 100% of the length of the cathode, and / or ii) the height of the upper side of the cathode determined from the lower side of the cathode over at least 25%, preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90% and most preferably approximately 100% of the length of the Cathode varies.
- a further subject of the present invention is a cathode for an electrolytic cell, in particular for an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum, wherein the top side of the cathode is designed trough-shaped in the cross-section of the cathode, wherein the trough has two edge regions and, viewed in the width direction of the cathode, between the two edge regions and the bottom region each has a side wall region connecting the corresponding edge region and the bottom region, where i) the width of at least one of the bottom region and the edge regions over the Length of the cathode varies, and / or ii) varies from the bottom of the cathode certain height of the top of the cathode over the length of the cathode.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a cathode of FIG.
- Electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a cathode of an electrolytic cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a cathode of an electrolytic cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 3a is a partially cutaway perspective view of a cathode of an electrolytic cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3b is a front view of the cathode of Fig. 3a and
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of an electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a cathode 10 of an electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the composite of a carbonaceous material cathode 10 has an upper surface 12, on which in the operation of the electrolytic cell, for example, according to the Hall-Heroult process, the layer of liquid aluminum of the electrolytic cell is arranged.
- the cathode 10 is composed of a plurality of cathode blocks arranged side by side, viewed in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode, the longitudinal directions of the individual cathode layers being arranged one behind the other. Blocke each extend in the width direction x of the cathode 10.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a cathode 10 of an electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the composite of a carbonaceous material cathode 10 has an upper surface 12, on which in the operation of the electrolytic cell, for example, according to the Hall-Heroult process, the layer of liquid aluminum of the electrolytic cell is
- the bus bars which contact the cathode 10 from its underside 14 in a current-supplying manner and are electrically conductively connected to at least one external power supply, are not shown in FIG.
- the busbars are preferably each inserted in a groove which is provided in each cathode block and runs in the width direction x of the cathode 10, ie in the longitudinal direction of the respective cathode block.
- the top 12 of the cathode 10 - viewed in cross-section of the cathode 10 - trough-shaped, wherein the trough two edge regions 16, 16 'and, seen in the width direction x of the cathode 10, between the edge regions 16, 16 'arranged and relative to the edge regions 16, 16' lowered bottom portion 18, wherein between the edge regions 16, 16 'and the bottom portion 18 each have a corresponding edge region 16, 16' and the bottom portion 18 connecting side wall portion 20, 20 ' is provided.
- both the edge regions 16, 16 'and the bottom portion 18 and the side wall portions 20, 20' of the top 12 are covered by the layer of liquid aluminum.
- the edge regions 16, 16 ', the bottom region 18 and the side wall regions 20, 20' of the cathode 10 are preferably dimensioned so that the bath volume, ie the volume between the top of the cathode 10 and the bottom of the anode, at least approximately the bath volume of a a conventional cathode having electrolytic cell corresponds.
- the edge regions 16, 16 'of the cathode 10 shown in FIG. 1 have a width b measured in the width direction x of the cathode 10, which-as can be seen from FIG. 1-varies over the length measured in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10. More precisely, the sections of the edge regions 16, 16 'shown in FIG. 1 have five longitudinal sections L1-L5, wherein the width b of the edge regions 16, 16' half of each longitudinal section L1-L5 is the same in each case and varies from longitudinal section L1-L5 to longitudinal section L1-L5, in such a way that, viewed in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10, stepped variation of the widths b of the edge areas 16, 16 'results.
- the cathode 10 shown in FIG. 1 is symmetrical to its parallel to the longitudinal direction y extending central longitudinal plane configured and the width b of the bottom portion 18 thus also varies in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10 as the edge portions 16, 16 '.
- FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a cathode 10 for an electrolysis cell in a partially sectioned perspective view.
- This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in that the cathode 10, viewed in cross-section with the cathode 10, is in the shape of a trough, the trough having two edge regions 16, of which in the sectional illustration of FIG only the left one is shown, and one seen in the width direction x of the cathode 10, disposed between the edge regions 16 and lowered relative to the edge regions 16 Bodenbe- rich 18, wherein between the edge regions 16 and the bottom portion 18 each have a corresponding edge region 16 and the bottom portion 18 connecting side wall portion 20 is provided.
- the cathode 10 viewed in cross-section with the cathode 10 is in the shape of a trough, the trough having two edge regions 16, of which in the sectional illustration of FIG only the left one is shown, and one seen in the width direction x of the cathode 10, disposed between the edge regions 16 and lowered relative to the edge regions 16 Bodenbe- rich 18, wherein between the edge regions 16 and the bottom portion 18 each have a corresponding edge region
- the width of the edge and bottom regions 16, 18 in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10 does not vary, but that of the underside 14 of the cathode 10 from in the vertical direction z measured height h of the top 12 of the cathode 10 in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10. More specifically, the section shown in Fig.
- the top 12 of the cathode 10 has three longitudinal sections L1-L3, wherein the height h of Top 12 of the cathode 10 within each of the longitudinal section L1-L3 - in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10 - is the same, but from longitudinal section L1-L3 to Longitudinal section L1 -L3 varies, in such a way that, viewed in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10, a stepped variation in the height h of the upper side 12 of the cathode 10 both in the edge regions 16 and in the bottom region 18 and in the side wall regions 20 results.
- Fig. 3a is a perspective, partially sectioned view of a portion of a cathode 10 according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, which corresponds substantially to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, namely in that the height h of the top 12 of the cathode 10 - seen in the longitudinal direction y of the cathode 10 - varies;
- the cathode shown in Fig. 3a differs from that shown in FIG.
- the height h of the edge portion 16 on the one hand and the height h of the bottom portion 18 on the other hand vary in the opposite direction, namely the height h of the edge portion 16 in the longitudinal direction y extending from the longitudinal section Li to the longitudinal section L 2 increases, whereas the height h of the bottom section 18 decreases in this direction.
- FIG. 3b shows the cathode section of FIG. 3b in the longitudinal direction y viewed from the front of the cathode 10 and illustrates the oppositely directed change in the height h of the edge region 16 and the bottom region 18.
- the dashed line shows that of FIG Longitudinal section Li of the cathode 10 hidden course of the longitudinal section L 2 .
- an electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in plan view.
- the anode structure and the part of the power supply connected to the anode structure are not shown to the view on the cathode 10 and the underlying or adjacent components release.
- the cathode 10 has in cross-section the shape of a trough with two edge areas 16, 16 ', with a floor area 18 and with side wall areas 20, 20' arranged between the floor area 18 and the edge areas 16, 16 '.
- the cathode 10 itself corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in particular insofar as the cathode 10 shown in FIG. 4 has a plurality of longitudinal sections Li to L 9 , wherein the width b of the individual edge regions 16, 16 'and of the bottom region 18 in the longitudinal direction y, the cathode 10 vary.
- the electrolysis cell comprises nine busbars 22, 22 'designed in the form of a bar, which in each case contact the cathode 10 in a current-supplying manner from its underside and extend with their longitudinal direction in each case in the width direction x of the electrolysis cell.
- the electrolysis cell comprises two bus bars 24, 24 ', which are arranged so that each of these bus bars 24, 24' is connected to one end of each busbar 22, 22 '. Accordingly, the bus bars 24, 24 'in the longitudinal direction y are laterally offset from the cathode 10.
- Each busbar 24, 24 ' are each associated with two external power supply lines 26, 26' and 26 “, 26"', through which the power rails 22, 22' arranged on the underside 14 of the cathode 10 are supplied from outside.
- the outer power supply lines 26, 26 ', 26 ", 26”' each at a connection point 28, 28 ', 28 ", 28”' with one of the bus bars 24, 24 'and thereby at this point indirectly with the with this Busbar 24, 24 'connected busbars 22, 22' connected.
- a longitudinal section L1-L9 of the cathode 10 having a shorter electrical path P1-P3 to this longitudinal section Li to L 9 nearest connection point 28, 28 ', 28 ", 28"' has, in its edge regions 16, 16 'a greater width b than a longitudinal section L1-L9 of the cathode 10 having a longer electrical path to the longitudinal section nearest this connection point 28, 28 ', 28 ", 28"'.
- a longitudinal section L1-L9 of the cathode 10 having a shorter electrical path P1-P3 to this longitudinal section Li to L 9 nearest connection point 28, 28 ', 28 ", 28"' has, in its bottom portion 18 a smaller width b as a longitudinal section L1-L9 of the cathode 10 having a longer electrical path to the connection point 28, 28 ', 28 ", 28"' nearest this longitudinal section.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280055258.0A CN103958739A (zh) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | 具有槽状阴极的特别是用于生产铝的电解池 |
EP12790471.2A EP2776609A1 (de) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | Elektrolysezelle, insbesondere zur herstellung von aluminium, mit einer wannenförmigen kathode |
RU2014123000/02A RU2014123000A (ru) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | Электролизер, в частности, для получения алюминия, с ваннообразным катодом |
CA2854937A CA2854937A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | Electrolytic cell, in particular for producing aluminum, having a tub-shaped cathode |
IN3393CHN2014 IN2014CN03393A (de) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | |
JP2014540469A JP2014532817A (ja) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | 槽形状のカソードを有する、特にアルミニウム製造のための電解セル |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201110086040 DE102011086040A1 (de) | 2011-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | Elektrolysezelle, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Aluminium, mit einer wannenförmigen Kathode |
DE102011086040.1 | 2011-11-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2013068485A1 true WO2013068485A1 (de) | 2013-05-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/072170 WO2013068485A1 (de) | 2011-11-09 | 2012-11-08 | Elektrolysezelle, insbesondere zur herstellung von aluminium, mit einer wannenförmigen kathode |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2776609A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2014532817A (de) |
CN (1) | CN103958739A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2854937A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102011086040A1 (de) |
IN (1) | IN2014CN03393A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2014123000A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013068485A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
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WO1999002764A1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-21 | Moltech Invent S.A. | A drained cathode cell for the production of aluminium |
EP1233083A1 (de) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-21 | Alcan Technology & Management AG | Kohleboden einer Elektrolysezelle zur Gewinnung von Aluminium |
US20110056826A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2011-03-10 | Naixiang Feng | Aluminum electrolytic cell with new type of cathode structure for shortening vertical fluctuations and horizontal fluctuations |
WO2012025498A1 (de) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-01 | Sgl Carbon Se | Kathode, vorrichtung zur aluminiumgewinnung und verwendung der kathode bei der aluminiumgewinnung |
WO2012107403A1 (de) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Sgl Carbon Se | Kathodenanordnung mit einem oberflächenprofilierten kathodenblock mit nut variabler tiefe |
Family Cites Families (7)
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NO122558B (de) * | 1968-03-26 | 1971-07-12 | Montedison Spa | |
US6358393B1 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2002-03-19 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Aluminum production cell and cathode |
ATE500356T1 (de) * | 2006-04-13 | 2011-03-15 | Sgl Carbon Se | Kathode zur aluminiumelektrolyse mit nicht ebenen rilledesign |
CN100478500C (zh) * | 2007-03-02 | 2009-04-15 | 冯乃祥 | 一种异形阴极碳块结构铝电解槽 |
CN201049966Y (zh) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-04-23 | 冯乃祥 | 一种异形结构铝电解槽的阴极碳块 |
CN201411494Y (zh) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-02-24 | 彭稳乐 | 铝电解槽的丰字型阶梯式阴极碳块 |
CN201873762U (zh) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-22 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | 一种带有保护罩的阴极碳块 |
-
2011
- 2011-11-09 DE DE201110086040 patent/DE102011086040A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-11-08 CN CN201280055258.0A patent/CN103958739A/zh active Pending
- 2012-11-08 IN IN3393CHN2014 patent/IN2014CN03393A/en unknown
- 2012-11-08 JP JP2014540469A patent/JP2014532817A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-11-08 EP EP12790471.2A patent/EP2776609A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-11-08 WO PCT/EP2012/072170 patent/WO2013068485A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-11-08 CA CA2854937A patent/CA2854937A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-11-08 RU RU2014123000/02A patent/RU2014123000A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999002764A1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-21 | Moltech Invent S.A. | A drained cathode cell for the production of aluminium |
EP1233083A1 (de) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-21 | Alcan Technology & Management AG | Kohleboden einer Elektrolysezelle zur Gewinnung von Aluminium |
US20110056826A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2011-03-10 | Naixiang Feng | Aluminum electrolytic cell with new type of cathode structure for shortening vertical fluctuations and horizontal fluctuations |
WO2012025498A1 (de) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-01 | Sgl Carbon Se | Kathode, vorrichtung zur aluminiumgewinnung und verwendung der kathode bei der aluminiumgewinnung |
WO2012107403A1 (de) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Sgl Carbon Se | Kathodenanordnung mit einem oberflächenprofilierten kathodenblock mit nut variabler tiefe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103958739A (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
JP2014532817A (ja) | 2014-12-08 |
DE102011086040A1 (de) | 2013-05-16 |
IN2014CN03393A (de) | 2015-07-03 |
EP2776609A1 (de) | 2014-09-17 |
RU2014123000A (ru) | 2015-12-20 |
CA2854937A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
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