WO2013068468A1

WO2013068468A1 - Substances and methods for treating sludge or ash, in particular sewage sludge

Info

Publication number: WO2013068468A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/072147
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zoltán BOLDIZSÁR
Original assignee: Boldizsar Zoltan
Priority date: 2011-11-08
Filing date: 2012-11-08
Publication date: 2013-05-16
Also published as: DE202011110704U1; DE102011055144A1

Abstract

The invention relates to substances and associated methods, particularly for treating sewage sludge for purposes of commercial utilisation. The sewage sludge is pre-treated with a solution containing effective micro-organisms, dried, comminuted and subsequently mixed with a first substance or a second substance, depending on the desired purpose of use. In order to be able to use the sewage sludge as fertiliser, the first substance contains effective micro-organisms, water, saponins, glycols and sugar cane molasses. For usage as a building material, the second substance also comprises sodium silicate and bentonite in addition to the materials contained in the first substance. Further drying then follows.

Description

Substances and processes for the treatment of sludge or ash, in particular of

sewage sludge

Technical area

The invention relates to substances and processes for the treatment of sludges or ashes or mixtures thereof, in particular of sewage sludge. More particularly, the invention relates to substances and processes which enable the use of the sludges and / or ashes as fertilizer or building material.

State of the art

Sewage disposal involves the production of large quantities of sewage sludge, which to a significant extent consists of solids. To reduce the volume of sewage sludge is treated anaerobically in digestion towers, whereby the amount of solids can be reduced. The resulting stabilized sewage sludge is due to the high phosphate and nutrient content in principle as a fertilizer, with a use of this heavy metals can also occur contrary to this use. Only a small part of the sewage sludge is used for the fertilization. The larger part has to be burned. However, the stabilized sewage sludge due to the still high water content has a poor calorific value, which is why the combustion energetically brings little or no profit and therefore no recovery, but a cost-causing disposal. Disposal at a landfill is prohibited by law. A change in the legal regulations regarding the use as fertilizer can further restrict this utilization purpose, which is already the case in some European countries. Sewage sludge can also be used as an admixture to building material, but only a mixing ratio sewage sludge building material of 1 to 10 or worse can be realized, otherwise the stability of the building material is too low. This use is thus also limited use.

The possibilities for recycling the sewage sludge are thus limited and a high proportion of the sewage sludge must be disposed of costly thermally. The same applies to other sludges, ashes or mixtures of mud and ash. Therefore, there is a need to improve the previous utilization possibilities of these substances or to develop new ones.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide substances and methods to improve the utilization of sludges and / or ashes as fertilizer and to enable use as a building material.

Technical Solution This object is achieved by a first fabric according to claim 1 or a second fabric according to claim 4 and a process according to claim 9 using the first fabric or the second fabric. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. The first substance includes effective microorganisms (EM), water and disinfecting and / or odor neutralizing chemicals. The latter are preferably saponins and glycols, in particular triethylene glycol. Furthermore, sugarcane molasses or other nutrient for bacteria may also be added to properly control the life of the effective microorganisms. Likewise, through a period of storage with the help of sugar cane molasses or other nutrients, an increase in the number of organisms (EM breeding) can be awaited and the saponin or other chemicals can be added wholly or partially afterwards.

Examples of possible saponins are aglycones, in particular steroid saponins, steroid alkaloid saponins and / or triterpene saponins. The saponins may also be of natural origin, such as from soapnut. Technically possible but not preferred alternatives to triethylene glycol are cyclodextrins.

Effective microorganisms are usually a mixture of various naturally occurring microorganisms. The most common is a large proportion of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, especially baker's or brewer's yeast, and / or photosynthetic bacteria or non-sulfur adult bacteria, although other combinations of bacteria or the admixture of smaller amounts of such can be used. Almost any amount of effective microorganism can be grown by adding a small amount of organisms to it by adding sugar cane molasses or other nutrient. For the breeding of the effective microorganisms, it may be advantageous to use first a carrier liquid with high sugar cane molasses / nutrient content and to carry out a dilution with water after a sufficient breeding time. Depending on the composition, a ratio of 1 to 10 may make sense. When used in the context of this invention, the EM serve, inter alia, the reinforcement of fermentation processes. Preferably, the mixing ratio of EM to water to triethylene glycol to sugarcane molasses to saponin for the first material is in the range of 1 to 6 to 10 to 0.005 to 0.03 to 0.3 to 2 to 0.3 to 3, with the entire saponin only after Completion of the EM-breeding is added. Technically, a strong reduction of the EM content is possible with a relatively further increase in saponin content, however not preferred. Further dilution with water in a ratio of up to 1 to 10 is also possible.

By adding the first substance to sludge and / or ash and / or mixtures thereof harmful and / or strong-smelling bacteria are inexpensively eliminated, whereby the thus treated sludge or the so-treated ash or sludge-ash mixture is used as fertilizer. It is sufficient to add 10 units of sludge / ash 1 to 4 units of the first substance to allow use as fertilizer. The application also changes the pH to more favorable for agriculture.

The second substance has a similar composition as the first substance, but still includes water glass, especially soda water glass. An example of other technically possible but uneconomical water glasses are potash water glasses. This results in a strong bond, and the treated sludge or the so treated ash solidifies (gradually more or less depending on the proportion of water glass). The treated sludge / ash can thus be used as a building material or be used in large admixture with another building material. This heavy metals are firmly enclosed by the added substance and can not be released by moisture. The second fabric preferably consists of 20% to 60% of the first fabric and 40% to 80% of water glass. Furthermore, a mineral powder of volcanic origin, in particular bentonite, can be added in an amount of up to 20%. Also, additional materials may be added to accelerate cure, with additive levels of up to 15% being preferred, the accelerating accelerators may include aluminum sulfates and / or resin-based thickeners. This mixture enables effective silicification of the sludge / ash. The method consists in treating the preferably semi-dry or stabilized sludge and / or ash, in particular sewage sludge, with the first substance in the case of use as fertilizer and with the second substance in case of use as building material, in both cases a pretreatment can be carried out , Semi-dry or stabilized sludge is sometimes referred to as fresh or moist sludge, for example, sewage sludge preferably has a moisture content of 25% to 30%. The pretreatment comprises the treatment of the sludge or ash with an effective solution containing microorganisms, which may have a similar composition to the first substance. The treatment itself comprises prolonged standing of the sludge-substance mixture or ash-substance mixture, preferably 1 to 2 weeks. This may be followed by drying, pressing and / or comminution.

In the case of use as a fertilizer, the mixing ratio of first material to sludge and / or ash is preferably 1 to 4 to 10. In the case of use as a building material, the mixing ratio of second material to sludge and / or ash is preferably 2 to 7 to 10. The resulting Material can be used in an admixture of 1 to 6 to 1 to 2 as an admixture in building materials, or the building materials can be added depending on the exact material already before the treatment of the mud / ash. Thus, when used as a building material, a significantly higher proportion of sludge / ash is possible than in the admixture of the prior art, in which only an admixture of 1 to 10 can be realized.

As a final step, re-drying and / or comminution / trimming can take place, depending on the intended use.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred Embodiments The first substance comprises effective ones Microorganisms, sugar cane molasses, saponins and triethylene glycol, the second substance also sodium silicate and possibly bentonite and / or zeolite and / or talc. An exemplary production process for 50 liters of the first substance comprises the mixture of 5 liters of EM, 38 liters of lukewarm water, 50 ml of triethylene glycol and 2 to 3 liters of sugarcane molasses. The liquid is then stored at room temperature for 2 to 3 weeks. After this time no further multiplication of the microorganisms takes place. Then 5 liters of saponin are added. Further dilution with water in the ratio up to 1 to 10 can take place.

This first material can be mixed with sewage sludge (or other sludge and / or ash), preferably fresh or moist sewage sludge having a moisture content (liquid content) of 25% to 30%, preferably in a ratio of 1 to 4 to 10. After further 1 to 2 weeks standing, waiting and / or drying time, the treatment is completed. The treated sewage sludge is odorless and contains no harmful bacteria and can be used due to the high nutrient concentration in principle as a fertilizer. As an alternative to the first substance, the second substance can be reduced by a mixture of 20 to 60% of this first substance and 40% to 80% of sodium silicate, preferably also the sodium silicate content is reduced by up to a quarter and the equivalent amount of bentonite is added. Instead of bentonite, partially or completely zeolite and / or talc can be added. Not preferred, but technically possible is the use of sands, quartz sands, tuff, volcanic sands, perlites or other materials which have a high reactivity with soda. Further, a hardener of up to 20%, preferably 15%, of the mixture may be added to the resulting mixture, the hardener preferably being aluminum sulfate and / or resin-based Thickener comprises. Subsequently, this second material is mixed in a ratio of 2 to 7 to 10 with sewage sludge (or other sludge and / or ash). After a suitable drying time, during which the weight is reduced by evaporation of the water by about 2/3, the treated sewage sludge is odorless, fire and water resistant and can be used well as a building material or as an admixture with other building materials. For example, depending on the application, mixing with sands, tuff, perlites, bentonites (or zeolite, talc or mixtures of bentonite, zeolite and / or talc), sodium bentonites or calcium bentonites can yield a suitable building material. It can also be mixed with ash, straw, wood waste, hay or spews. The mixing can be done depending on the material with the sewage sludge before the actual treatment. Above all, it is important that any heavy metals are safely and waterproofly incorporated into the material through the process. For example, to 1000 grams of wet sewage sludge, 680 ml of the second fabric can be mixed, resulting in a total weight of 1680 grams. After drying remain 696 grams of material, which are odorless, hard, fireproof and waterproof. The method can be carried out in principle based on other sludge, ash or mixtures of ash and ash.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but rather modifications or changes according to the appended claims, the changes by different combinations of individual illustrated features can also be done by omitting individual features. In particular, any combination of the illustrated features of the invention includes.

Claims

claims

1. A substance for the treatment of sludge and / or ash, in particular sewage sludge, comprising:

- effective microorganisms;

- Water; and

at least one disinfecting and / or odor-neutralizing

Chemical.

A fabric according to claim 1, wherein the disinfecting and / or odor-neutralizing chemicals comprise saponins and / or glycols.

The fabric of claim 2, wherein the fabric further comprises nutrients for bacteria, especially sugarcane molasses.

A fabric according to claim 3, wherein said fabric contains one unit of effective microorganisms, 6 to 10 units of water, 0.005 to 0.03 units of triethyl glycol, 0.3 to 2 units of sucrose molasses, and 0.3 to 3 units of saponin.

5. A substance for the treatment of sludge and / or ash, in particular sewage sludge, comprising:

a first substance according to one of the preceding claims, and

- Water glass, in particular soda water glass.

The fabric of claim 5, wherein the first fabric is from 20% to 60% of the second fabric and the content of water glass is from 40% to 80% of the second fabric.

7. A fabric according to claims 5 or 6, further comprising mineral powder of volcanic origin, in particular bentonite and / or zeolite and / or talc.

8. A fabric according to claim 7, wherein the proportion of bentonite or zeolite or talc accounts for up to 20% of the substance.

9. A method for the treatment of sludge and / or ash, in particular of sewage sludge, for the purpose of utilization, characterized in that pretreated or not pretreated sludge or ash, a first substance according to one of claims 1 to 4 or a second substance after a of claims 5 to 8 is added.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the sludge or the ash is treated in a pretreatment with an effective solution containing microorganisms.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that come to 10 units of sludge or ash 1 to 4 units of the first substance.

12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that come to 10 units of sludge or ash 2 to 7 units of the second material.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the sludge or the ashes before the pretreatment or the addition of the first or second substance is semi-dry or stabilized, preferably with a moisture content of between 25% and 30%.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that after addition of the first or second substance further drying and / or pressing and / or in the case of the second substance, the addition of hardeners with up to 20%, preferably 10 %, Substance content in a suitable order, wherein the Hardeners preferably comprise aluminum sulphates and / or thickeners based on synthetic resin.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the sludge or the ash before the pretreatment or the addition of the first or second substance or thereafter with a material and / or building material are mixed, preferably such that in the mixture at the end of the process, the material / building material content is less than 90%, in particular less than 60%.