WO2013061035A1 - Stockage d'énergie - Google Patents

Stockage d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013061035A1
WO2013061035A1 PCT/GB2012/052594 GB2012052594W WO2013061035A1 WO 2013061035 A1 WO2013061035 A1 WO 2013061035A1 GB 2012052594 W GB2012052594 W GB 2012052594W WO 2013061035 A1 WO2013061035 A1 WO 2013061035A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase change
component according
change material
capsules
carrier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2012/052594
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Saffa Riffat
Original Assignee
The University Of Nottingham
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The University Of Nottingham filed Critical The University Of Nottingham
Publication of WO2013061035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013061035A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/026—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat with different heat storage materials not coming into direct contact
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to energy storage and/or management, more particularly thermal energy storage and/or management.
  • the invention relates to the use and application of phase change materials in energy storage and/or management.
  • phase change process e.g. liquid ⁇ solid
  • PCMs phase change materials
  • Materials which can be used for latent heat storage are known as phase change materials (PCMs).
  • PCMs generally have the advantage over sensible storage media of relatively large heat storage densities and relatively constant charging/discharging temperatures.
  • PCMs utilise the liquid ⁇ solid phase transition rather than the liquid ⁇ gas phase transition, due to the difficulty in dealing with the large volume change associated with the latter.
  • Microencapsulation refers to techniques in which PCM particles are sealed in small microcapsules each less than 1 mm in diameter. Microencapsulated PCMs can exhibit improved heat transfer properties, due to the relatively large surface areas achieved (compared with volume/mass of PCM).
  • paraffin an organic PCM
  • a polymeric e.g. polyethylene
  • micro-network e.g. polyethylene
  • a liquid mixture of paraffin and polyethylene at a temperature above the melting point of polyethylene (e.g. 120°C).
  • a polyethylene network forms to enclose the paraffin and produces a microencapsulated PCM powder or fibre.
  • a problem with this technique is its relative cost and complexity.
  • Macroencapsulation typically involves the PCM being encapsulated in a unit usually larger than 1 cm in diameter.
  • the PCM may be encapsulated in a package such as a tube, a pouch, a sphere or a panel.
  • the packages may serve directly as heat exchangers or be incorporated in building products. Attempts to incorporate PCMs directly into plasterboard have encountered problems with leaching. Leaching a potentially flammable material is not desirable. It is a non-exclusive object of the invention to provide a method of encapsulating PCMs that has advantages over known techniques.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a component for an energy storage and/or management system comprising a plurality of sealed capsules arranged on or at least partially within a carrier, wherein at least one of the sealed capsules contains a phase change material.
  • the component may comprise a blister pack.
  • all of the sealed capsules may contain a phase change material.
  • one or more of the sealed capsules may contain other materials, which may be solid, liquid or gas.
  • one or more of the sealed capsules may be adapted to provide thermal insulation and may contain a fluid, e.g. a gas such as air, a gel or foam, or an at least partial vacuum.
  • the sealed capsules may be arranged in a repeating pattern in the plane of the carrier. Such a repeating pattern may comprise at least one row of sealed capsules and/or at least one column of sealed capsules. In embodiments in which the sealed capsules are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the rows and columns may be orthogonal to one another. Alternatively, the sealed capsules in a given row may be offset from the sealed capsules in their neighbouring row(s).
  • the sealed capsules may be provided on a sheet, comprising the carrier.
  • the sealed capsules may be regularly spaced out across the carrier.
  • a first one of the plurality of sealed capsules may contain a first phase change material and a second one of the plurality of sealed capsules may contain a second phase change material.
  • a third one of the plurality of sealed capsules may contain a third phase change material.
  • a fourth one of the plurality of sealed capsules may contain a fourth phase change material.
  • an nth one of the plurality of sealed capsules may contain an nth phase change material; n may be any number from one to the number of capsules arranged on or at least partially within the carrier.
  • At least one of the capsules may contain a phase change material that is mixed with a thermal conduction-enhancing material, for example graphite or metal filings, fines or powder.
  • a thermal conduction-enhancing material for example graphite or metal filings, fines or powder.
  • this may increase heat transfer through the capsule.
  • the sealed capsules may have any shape.
  • each one of the plurality of sealed capsules may have substantially the same volume as the others of the plurality of sealed capsules.
  • the longest dimension of each of the sealed capsules in the plane of the carrier may be no more than 5 cm, preferably no more than 2 cm.
  • the longest dimension of each of the sealed capsules in the plane of the carrier may be 1 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more.
  • each sealed capsule may be situated at least 2 mm away from its nearest neighbouring sealed capsule.
  • Each sealed capsule may be situated no more than 5 cm from its nearest neighbouring sealed capsule. Preferably, each sealed capsule may be situated no more than 2 cm from its nearest neighbouring sealed capsule.
  • the or each phase change material may have a latent heat of fusion of at least 140 kJ/m 3 .
  • the or each phase change material may have a latent heat of fusion of at least 150 kJ/m 3 .
  • the or each phase change material may have a melting point of no more than 120°C.
  • the or each phase change material may have a melting point of no more than 80°C.
  • the or each phase change material may have a melting point of from 15°C to 40°C.
  • phase change materials may be suitable.
  • the particular phase change material or materials may be selected according to their suitability for a given application.
  • PCMs can be classified into three types : organic, inorganic and eutectic.
  • Organic PCMs include paraffin compounds and non-paraffin compounds.
  • Organic PCMs may comprise an aliphatic compound or may comprise other organic compounds.
  • Paraffin is made up of straight chain hydrocarbons with 2-methyl branching groups near the end of the chains.
  • the melting point of paraffin is directly related to the number of carbon atoms within the material structure. Alkanes containing between 14 and 40 carbon atoms have melting points between 6°C and 80°C. Table 1 below lists the melting point and specific latent heat of fusion for a number of paraffin compounds.
  • n-tetradecane 14 4.5-5.6 23 1 n-pentadecane 15 10 207
  • Paraffin waxes typically contain carbon chains of 8- 15 carbon atoms in length. Such paraffin waxes may have melting points of from 2°C to 45°C.
  • Paraffin compounds may be especially suitable for use in residential heating applications.
  • Fatty acids such as coco fatty acid, typically have similar melting points and latent heats of fusion to organic paraffin substances.
  • CH 3 [CH 2 ] 2n COOH is an example of a fatty acid that may be suitable.
  • inorganic PCMs comprise hydrated salt-based compounds.
  • Salt hydrate PCMs may have latent heats of fusion of approximately 300 kJ/m 3 and may have melting points from 0°C to 120°C. Accordingly, salt hydrate PCMs may be used in a range of thermal storage applications. Salt hydrate PCMs may be particularly useful for domestic or residential heating applications, because there are many salt hydrate PCMs with melting points between 18.5°C and 36.4°C.
  • a salt hydrate PCM may comprise M.nH 2 0 where M is an inorganic compound with a high volumetric latent heat storage density. For example, K 2 HPO 4 .6H 2 O has been found to be useful in air conditioning applications. Zn(N0 3 ) 2 .6H 2 0 and Ca(N0 3 ).4H 2 0 have been found to be useful in space heating applications.
  • Eutectic PCMs may comprise organic- organic compounds, inorganic-inorganic compounds or inorganic-organic compounds.
  • the or each PCM may include a molecular alloy. By making alloys of molecular materials, it is possible to adjust the melting point over a range of temperatures.
  • the molecular alloy may be a binary or multicomponent solid solution.
  • the components of the binary or multicomponent solid solution may be organic compounds.
  • compositions of aluminium and silicon (Al-Si alloy) may be suitable. Compositions of aluminium and silicon may have large latent heats of fusion and may have high thermal conductivities.
  • the carrier may be rigid or flexible. For instance, the carrier may comprise a carrier sheet. Alternatively, the carrier may comprise a panel.
  • the carrier may be made from a polymeric material, e.g. polyvinylchloride (PVC).
  • PVC polyvinylchloride
  • the carrier may be made from a metallic material such as aluminium.
  • each capsule may be formed integrally from the carrier.
  • the carrier may be provided by a separate component, e.g. a part of a structural element such as a wall panel, floor tile or ceiling tile.
  • the capsules may be formed at least partially from a polymeric material, e.g. PVC, or a metallic material such as aluminium.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a blister pack having a plurality of sealed capsules arranged on or at least partially within a carrier, wherein at least one of the sealed capsules contains a phase change material.
  • An aspect of the invention provides a construction element comprising at least one component according to the first aspect of the invention or at least one blister pack according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the construction element may comprise a panel, e.g. a plasterboard panel for a wall, cladding for a building, a panel for a ceiling or a panel for a floor.
  • An aspect of the invention provides an energy storage and/or management system comprising at least one component according to the first aspect of the invention or at least one blister pack according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a container, a garment or a building comprising a thermal energy storage and/or management system comprising at least one component according to the first aspect of the invention or at least one blister pack according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • a container, garment or building may provide temperature regulation, even in places where there is no energy, e.g. electicity, supply.
  • the container may comprise a storage container for perishable goods such as food, or for storing medicine.
  • the container may comprise a sleeping bag.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a method of manufacture comprising:
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a method of manufacture comprising:
  • Figure 1 illustrates in cross-section a manufacturing process according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a blister pack according to the invention
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a section of an external wall of a building with a sandwich panel according to the invention in charging mode;
  • Figure 4 shows the section of the external wall of the building with the sandwich panel of Figure 3 in discharging mode
  • Figure 5 shows another example of a section of an external wall of a building with a sandwich panel according to the invention in charging mode
  • Figure 6 shows the section of the external wall of the building with the sandwich panel of Figure 4 in discharging mode
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic plan view of a blister pack according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a carrier sheet 1 with three open receptacles 2, 2', 2" depending downwardly from the carrier sheet 1.
  • the receptacles 2, 2 ', 2" each comprise a cylindrical portion and a concave base.
  • the receptacles 2, 2', 2" are spaced apart from each other.
  • the open receptacles 2, 2', 2" are integral with the carrier sheet 1.
  • the carrier sheet 1 may be made from a polymeric material, typically PVC, and the open receptacles 2, 2', 2" may be thermoformed in the carrier sheet 1.
  • the carrier sheet 1 there is a sheet of aluminium foil 3.
  • this could be a sheet of a plastic material.
  • An upper plate 4 and a lower plate 5 are provided which are operable to sandwich the sheet of aluminium foil 3 and the carrier sheet 1.
  • heat indicated by the wavy arrows in Figure 1
  • the sheet of aluminium foil 3 is sealed to the carrier sheet 1 , thereby closing off the open receptacles 2, 2', 2".
  • the open receptacles 2, 2 ', 2" are filled with a phase change material.
  • the phase change material will be mixed with metal or graphite fines or powder and poured in its liquid state into the open receptacles 2, 2', 2".
  • solid tablets of the phase change material mixed with the metal or graphite fines or powder could be placed into the open receptacles 2, 2', 2".
  • the sheet of aluminium foil 3 is sealed to the carrier sheet 1 as described above.
  • FIG. 2 shows a blister pack 6 according to the invention.
  • the blister pack 6 may have been manufactured as described above in relation to Figure 1.
  • the blister pack comprises an array of 18 capsules 8 containing a PCM mixed with graphite powder on a carrier sheet 7.
  • the capsules 8 are arranged in three rows of six. Each capsule 8 has a diameter of approximately 1 cm.
  • the applicant has tested several blister packs according to the invention by repeatedly putting them through the phase-change cycle by putting them in then removing them from hot water baths. No leakage of PCM into the water bath was observed in any of these tests.
  • the invention may make use of established manufacturing methods. As a result it may be relatively, quick, easy and cost effective to manufacture components according to the invention.
  • blister packs according to the invention may be produced using technology and techniques known from the general packaging industry and, in particular, from the packaging of pharmaceutical products.
  • Components may be made in a wide range of sizes. Larger areas may be covered by using a plurality of components.
  • the components, e.g. blister packs, used to cover a particular area need not all be of the same size.
  • a further advantage of the components, e.g. blister packs, according to the invention is that they may be easily and safely cut to size. Ideally, cutting a component to size would be possible without cutting through any of the capsules. If, for a given application, this is not possible, then potential leakage and loss of PCM would b e limited to those capsules that have been cut, since the capsules are not interconnected. The fact that the capsules are not interconnected may also have further safety benefits, e.g. by reducing fire risk where organic PCMs are used.
  • components with relatively flexible carriers e.g. blister packs
  • may be bent in use e.g. to fit into curved containers or around curved objects. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that components according to the invention may b e relatively safe, versatile, easy to use and relatively cheap to manufacture.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of an external wall 9 of a building, e.g. a house.
  • the external wall 9 may be made from concrete or earth briquettes.
  • On the inner side of the external wall 9 is a layer of insulation 10.
  • the layer of insulation 10 may comprise polystyrene or some other organic insulating material.
  • On the inner side of the layer of insulation 10 is a plasterboard panel 1 1 according to the invention.
  • the plasterboard panel 1 1 may be made of gypsum and silica.
  • Within the plasterboard panel 1 1 1 there is a series of blister packs 12a, 12b, 12c.
  • Each blister pack 12a, 12b, 12c comprises a carrier 13a, 13b, 13c and six rows of capsules 14a, 14b, 14c containing PCM mixed with graphite powder.
  • the blister packs 12a, 12b, 12c are shown in charging mode.
  • the PCM is in the solid state and is absorbing heat (indicated by the wavy arrows) from the inside of the building. For instance, on sunny days heat may be absorbed from the inside of the building and stored in the PCM, thereby helping to regulate the temperature inside the building.
  • Figure 4 shows exactly the same arrangement as is shown in Figure 3 with like features indicated by like reference numerals, except that the blister packs 12a, 12b, 12c are in discharging mode.
  • the PCM is in the liquid state and is emitting heat into the inside of the building. For instance, at night heat that was absorbed during the day may be emitting back into the building, thereby minimising the temperature drop experienced by occupants of the building.
  • the load on any heating system, e.g. central heating, in place in the building may be reduced.
  • Figure 5 shows a section of an external wall 9' of a building, e.g. a house.
  • the external wall 9' may be made from concrete or earth briquettes.
  • a layer of insulation 10' On the inner side of the external wall 9' is a layer of insulation 10'.
  • the layer of insulation 10' may comprise a vacuum or an aerogel material.
  • a plasterboard panel 1 1 ' On the inner side of the layer of insulation 10' is a plasterboard panel 1 1 ' according to the invention.
  • the plasterboard panel 1 1 ' may be made of gypsum and silica.
  • Each blister pack 12a', 12b', 12c' comprises a carrier 13a', 13b', 13c' and six rows of capsules 14a', 14b', 14c' containing PCM mixed with graphite powder.
  • FIG 5 the blister packs 12a', 12b', 12c' are shown in charging mode.
  • Figure 6 shows exactly the same arrangement as is shown in Figure 5 with like features indicated by like reference numerals, except that the blister packs 12a', 12b', 12c' are in discharging mode.
  • Figure 7 shows a plan view of a blister pack 15 according to the invention.
  • the blister pack 15 comprises a carrier 16 containing 25 capsules 17a-e, 18a-e, 19a-e, 20a-e, 21 a-e.
  • the capsules which are square in shape, but could be any shape, are arranged in five rows.
  • the first row contains capsules 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d and 17e.
  • the second row is located below the first row and contains capsules 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d and 18e.
  • the third row is located below the second row and contains capsules 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d and 19e.
  • the fourth row is located below the third row and contains capsules 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d and 20e.
  • the fifth row is located below the fourth row and contains capsules 21 a, 21b, 21 c, 21 d and 21 e.
  • the capsules all contain a PCM mixed with graphite powder, in order to improve heat transfer. Typically, organic PCMs may also be mixed with silica in order to reduce fire risk.
  • the PCM in the capsules of each row is different. In this case, the PCM in the first row of capsules has a lower melting point than the PCM in the second row, which in turn has a lower melting point than the PCM in the third row and so on.
  • a temperature cascade effect in use, across at least part of the component, e.g. blister pack.
  • the same effect can be achieved on scales larger than a single component, e.g. blister pack, by positioning components, e.g. blister packs containing different PCMs across an area, e.g. within a panel covering a wall.
  • the temperature cascade effect can be used, for instance, within walls to manage the temperature within a room such that it is warmer towards the floor and cooler at head height and even cooler above head height.
  • Such a temperature profile may be not only efficient, but may also have health benefits for the occupants of the room.
  • a temperature cascade effect could be achieved without using many different PCMs or enhanced if different PCMs are used by varying the density of PCM within a given area of the component, e.g. blister pack or within a wider area encompassing a plurality of components. This could be achieved by varying the spacing between capsules containing PCM and/or the volume of the capsules containing PCM across a component and/or from one component to the next.
  • Thin-walled, lightweight buildings can benefit from the use of PCMs.
  • Such lightweight buildings may have many advantages, but a problem with them is that they can heat up very quickly on warm days, often leading to uncomfortable conditions inside.
  • buildings with very thick walls, e.g. churches and castles remain relatively cool inside, even on hot days. This is because the large volume of masonry absorbs much of the heat - the building has a large thermal mass.
  • PCMs can store from 5 to 14 times more heat per unit volume than sensible storage materials such as water, masonry or rock. Therefore, PCMs can be incorporated into thin, lightweight buildings to increase their thermal mass without greatly increasing their physical mass.
  • Components according to the present invention may provide a way of doing this in a safe, reliable and cost effective way. For instance, the present invention may be much cheaper, less problematic and more versatile than encapsulating PCMs in building materials directly.
  • components according to the invention may be incorporated into new buildings, advantageously, they may also be retro-fitted to existing buildings and structures. Accordingly, components according to the invention may help to improve the energy efficiency and environmental performance of buildings.
  • the person skilled in the art will appreciate that he utility of the invention is not limited to buildings and construction.
  • the invention may be useful in any application where it would be desirable to store waste or excess heat, in particular in fields where weight is an important consideration.
  • the invention may have utility in the automotive, aerospace, storage and logistics, electronics and computing industries.
  • the PCM blisters may be activated by an activation means, for example a mechanical activation means.
  • an activation means for example a mechanical activation means.
  • PCM handwarmers are known where recrystalisation of PCM/dissolved materials is triggered by a mechanical shock, which triggers nucleation sites. Ultrasound could be another activation means.
  • We may provide a "switch" to cause the PCM blisters/panels with PCM blisters to give out or take in heat, under user control: a controllable heat transfer apparatus.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant destiné à un système de stockage et / ou de gestion d'énergie, comportant une pluralité de capsules étanches (8) disposées sur ou au moins partiellement à l'intérieur d'un support (7), au moins une des capsules étanches (8) contenant un matériau à changement de phase. Le composant peut comporter un emballage alvéolaire (6).
PCT/GB2012/052594 2011-10-25 2012-10-19 Stockage d'énergie WO2013061035A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1118434.8 2011-10-25
GB1118434.8A GB2495938A (en) 2011-10-25 2011-10-25 Energy storage apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013061035A1 true WO2013061035A1 (fr) 2013-05-02

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3006750B1 (fr) * 2013-06-07 2018-11-23 Societe Muller & Cie Appareil de chauffage comprenant un materiau a changement de phase
EP3145708B1 (fr) 2014-05-19 2020-03-25 Smartpolymer GmbH Structure plane flexible en matériau à changement de phase
FR3072765B1 (fr) * 2017-10-24 2020-07-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de rechauffage d’un fluide circulant dans une canalisation et installation thermique comportant un tel dispositif

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WO1995029057A1 (fr) * 1994-04-25 1995-11-02 Gateway Technologies, Inc. Barrieres thermiques pour batiments, appareils menagers et textiles
US5626936A (en) * 1993-09-09 1997-05-06 Energy Pillow, Inc. Phase change insulation system
JP2004269560A (ja) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-30 Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd 蓄熱成形体
WO2009105643A2 (fr) * 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Dispositifs de stockage de chaleur
US20110120040A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-26 Alderman Robert J Multiple Phase PCM Heat Insulation Blanket

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US4988543A (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-01-29 Ecole Polytechnique Process for incorporation of a phase change material into gypsum wallboards and other aggregate construction panels
US6004662A (en) * 1992-07-14 1999-12-21 Buckley; Theresa M. Flexible composite material with phase change thermal storage
US9038709B2 (en) * 2008-02-22 2015-05-26 Dow Global Technologies Llc Thermal energy storage materials
BRPI0905987A2 (pt) * 2008-02-22 2015-06-30 Dow Global Technologies Inc Sistema de material para armazenamento de energia térmica, método para fabricar um sistema de material para armazenamento de energia térmica e uso de um sistema de material para armazenamento de energia térmica
CN102714336A (zh) * 2010-01-08 2012-10-03 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 通过传热流体与相变材料的组合对电化学电池进行的热管理

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5626936A (en) * 1993-09-09 1997-05-06 Energy Pillow, Inc. Phase change insulation system
WO1995029057A1 (fr) * 1994-04-25 1995-11-02 Gateway Technologies, Inc. Barrieres thermiques pour batiments, appareils menagers et textiles
JP2004269560A (ja) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-30 Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd 蓄熱成形体
WO2009105643A2 (fr) * 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Dispositifs de stockage de chaleur
US20110120040A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-26 Alderman Robert J Multiple Phase PCM Heat Insulation Blanket

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GB201118434D0 (en) 2011-12-07
GB2495938A (en) 2013-05-01

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