WO2013056444A1 - 机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法及控制器、监测系统和钻机 - Google Patents
机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法及控制器、监测系统和钻机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013056444A1 WO2013056444A1 PCT/CN2011/081017 CN2011081017W WO2013056444A1 WO 2013056444 A1 WO2013056444 A1 WO 2013056444A1 CN 2011081017 W CN2011081017 W CN 2011081017W WO 2013056444 A1 WO2013056444 A1 WO 2013056444A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drill pipe
- drill
- section
- monitoring
- operated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
- E21B7/024—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting having means for adapting to inclined terrain; having means for stabilizing the vehicle while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
- E21B7/025—Rock drills, i.e. jumbo drills
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rotary drilling rig, and in particular to a monitoring method, a controller, a monitoring system and a drilling machine for a drill pipe locking point of a real-time monitoring type rotary drilling rig. Background technique
- Rotary drilling rigs usually use telescopic drill pipes.
- the telescopic drill pipes will be lifted in sections from the inside to the outside.
- Telescopic drill pipes are usually divided into friction drill pipes, machine lock drill pipes and combined drill pipes.
- the machine lock drill pipe is a commonly used telescopic drill pipe.
- the machine-locking drill bit is lowered in a step-by-section manner from the outside to the inside, and the drilling is performed in the reverse order, that is, from the inside to the outside. Retracted.
- the outer key of the outer surface of all the drill rods of the machine-locked drill pipe is formed with a plurality of locking points, and the outermost drill pipe is locked by the inner key of the power head and the outer key of the outermost drill pipe.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a drill pipe monitoring method for a machine-locking drill, which can The locking and unlocking of the drill pipe of the machine lock rig is monitored.
- the present invention provides a drill pipe monitoring method for a machine-locking drill, the drill includes a multi-section drill pipe, and the drill pipe is respectively from the outside to the inside, and each of the drill pipes has a section 1 to an N-section.
- the present invention provides a drill pipe monitoring controller for a machine-locked drill
- the drill includes a multi-section drill pipe, and the drill pipe is from the outside to the inside, respectively, from the first section to the Nth section.
- the controller includes an input device, a processing device and an output device which are sequentially connected, and is characterized in that:
- the input device is configured to acquire a signal of a position of the drill pipe and an actual elongation of the drill pipe to be operated;
- the processing device is configured to determine, according to the received position signal of the drill pipe, that the operated drill pipe is the i-th segment, and determine the maximum elongation of the i-th drill pipe by the operated drill pipe for the i-th segment,
- the output device is operative to output a signal of the value of j.
- another object of the present invention is to provide a drill pipe monitoring system for a machine-lock drill, which includes the above-described drill pipe monitoring controller of the present invention, and can realize the monitoring of the drill pipe provided by the present invention. method.
- the present invention measures the position and the actual elongation of the drill pipe, and by detecting the drill pipe being operated as the i-th section, it is judged whether the i-th drill pipe is moved to the lock point.
- the above technical solution can monitor the moving point of the currently operated drill pipe to a locking point by a simple method, thereby prompting the operator to lock or unlock the operation as needed, thereby improving the operation efficiency and helping to release the belt. The problem with the pole.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a rotary drilling rig according to the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the end of a drill pipe according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of the locking point of the drill pipe according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of an inner section drill pipe and an outer section drill pipe according to the present invention. Description of the reference numerals
- each part of the machine lock drill pipe in addition to the outermost drill pipe, the machine-locked drill pipe has a guide ring 15 at the top of each drill pipe; in addition to the innermost drill pipe, the inner surface of each drill pipe bottom has an inner surface. Key 2; The top of the innermost drill pipe has a rope pulling device 17, which is connected with the wire rope of the main hoisting 14, the bottom of the innermost drill pipe has a tray 18, and the bottom end of the innermost drill pipe is connected with a drill. Bucket 19. When the drill pipe is extended, the outermost drill pipe falls on the power head 12 through the follower frame.
- the bottom end of the i-th drill pipe When the i-th drill pipe is not fully extended from the i-1th drill pipe, the bottom end of the i-th drill pipe must fall on the tray 18; when the i-th drill pipe is fully extended, the The bottom end of the i-th drill pipe has been detached from the tray 18, so that the guide ring 15 at its top end necessarily falls on the inner key 2 of the upper drill pipe.
- three inner keys 2 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill pipe, and the number of the inner key 2 and the outer key 1 is Correspondence.
- a plurality of locking points are distributed at a certain interval in the axial direction of the outer surface of the drill pipe, and the locking point is a step in the longitudinal direction formed by the outer key being inwardly recessed, and four diagrams are schematically illustrated in FIG. Lock points 31, 32, 33 and 34 are illustrated.
- the general machine-locked drill pipe is composed of a plurality of such drill pipes from the outside to the inside, and the inner-section drill pipe among any two adjacent drill pipes can be expanded and contracted in the outer joint drill pipe.
- the inner section drill rod protrudes from the outer section drill rod, and the inner key of the outer section drill rod drives the outer key of the inner section drill rod, so that the inner section drill rod rotates by the outer section drill rod.
- the machine-locked drill pipe needs to be locked, that is, the inner key of the outer drill pipe reaches the locking point of the outer key of the inner drill pipe and is attached to the concave portion of the outer key.
- the pressure exerted downward by the outer section drill pipe can be transmitted to the inner section drill pipe through the locking point step of the inner key and the outer key, thereby realizing the pressurization of the drill pipe.
- the machine-locking drill bit When the rotary drilling rig is constructed with a machine-locked drill pipe, the machine-locking drill bit is lowered in the borehole according to the drill pipe from the outside to the inside, until the drill bit touches the bottom of the drill hole, and then the power is operated.
- the head rotates in the forward direction, and the friction between the bottom of the drilled hole and the drill bit causes a relative rotation between the drill pipes in the positive direction, and the inner key of the outer drill pipe and the outer key of the inner drill pipe cooperate with each other to complete the addition. lock.
- the pressurizing device 11 of the drill When the drill pipe is in operation, the pressurizing device 11 of the drill is used to provide downward pressure to the drill pipe.
- the power head When lifting the drill, in the reverse order, firstly, the power head is reversely rotated, and the friction between the bottom of the drilled hole and the drill bit causes the opposite rotation between the drill pipes in the opposite direction, and the inner key and the inner drill pipe.
- the outer keys of the drill pipe are separated from each other to complete the unlocking, and then the drill pipe is retracted step by step from the inside to the outside.
- the invention provides a drill pipe monitoring method for a machine-locking drill, the drill comprises a multi-section drill pipe, and the drill pipe is respectively from the outer to the inner, the first section to the Nth section, and each of the drill pipes has M locking points.
- the drill pipe moves to the jth lock point.
- the invention provides a method for monitoring the locking and unlocking condition of a drill pipe, the method can Monitor the locked lock of the drill pipe at the locking point. First of all, to determine which drill pipe is currently operated, because the maximum elongation of each drill pipe is pre-measured, so you need to know which drill pipe is currently operating, in order to know the corresponding The maximum elongation of the drill pipe, according to the elongation of the drill pipe and the distance of the locking point from the top end of the drill pipe, to determine which of the plurality of locking points the drill pipe is currently moving to. To remind the operator to lock or unlock the operation as needed.
- the outer surface of the drill pipe is distributed with a plurality of locking points at a certain interval in the axial direction.
- the distance between each locking point and the top end of the drill pipe is known, and the actual elongation of the drill pipe should be equal to the maximum elongation of the drill pipe. The distance from the locking point to the tip of the drill pipe.
- the measurement of the maximum elongation and the actual elongation of the drill pipe described above is simple and easy, so that the above monitoring method of the present invention can be easily realized, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring can be improved by merely improving the measurement accuracy.
- the present invention measures the position and the actual elongation of the drill pipe, and by detecting the drill pipe being operated as the i-th section, it is judged whether the i-th drill pipe is moved to the lock point.
- the above technical solution can monitor the moving point of the currently operated drill pipe to a locking point by a simple method, thereby prompting the operator to lock or unlock the operation as needed, thereby improving the operation efficiency and reducing the occurrence of the rod. The risk of failure.
- the present invention it is first determined which section of the drill pipe to be operated, and therefore, a preferred embodiment for determining the operated drill pipe as the ith section is preferably provided, since the innermost drill pipe passes the main hoisting
- the wire rope of 14 is pulled upwards, so the length of the wire rope contraction of the main hoisting 14 is the height of the drill pipe movement.
- the maximum elongation of the i-th drill pipe is the outermost section, the first section of the drill pipe cannot be stretched, so LfO, so that the maximum expansion range of the i-th drill pipe is the current i-th segment drill.
- the length of the entire drill rod should be between! ⁇ +...+! ⁇ And! ⁇ +...+!
- the operated drill pipe is the i-th section.
- the method in the foregoing preferred embodiment is to judge the operated drill pipe as the i-th section by the movement of the main hoisting wire rope, but since the power head also moves up and down, another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides A judgment method that takes the position of the power head 2 into consideration and makes the judgment result more accurate.
- the above calculation method is to measure the distance between the end of the drill pipe and the power head, and then remove the length of the first drill pipe, that is, the length of the outermost drill pipe, and the drill pipe can be obtained from the first drill pipe. length.
- the length of the entire drill pipe should be between 1 ⁇ + ⁇ +! ⁇ ! ⁇ +...+!
- the drill pipe to be operated is the drill pipe described in the ith section.
- the first method of directly judging according to the contraction length of the main hoisting wire rope is relatively simple, but since the power head 12 can also move up and down, there is an error, and the accuracy is low, but only the contraction length of the main hoisting wire rope needs to be measured.
- a physical quantity; the second method takes into account the position of the power head 12, but at least the height of the power head 12 from the ground and the depth of the end of the drill pipe need to be measured, and the measurement method is complicated, but the accuracy is improved.
- the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe is
- the calculation of the value of E avoids the error introduced by the position of the power head 12 and embodies the actual length of the actual drill pipe, and subtracts from the value.
- the total length of the fully extended drill pipe beyond the i-th drill pipe is the i-th drill pipe
- the actual amount of elongation is also be obtained by other means, such as direct measurement.
- the monitoring method further comprises monitoring whether the drill rod has a rod, and outputting the value of the j while the rod is generated.
- the drill pipe monitoring method of the present invention also monitors the phenomenon of the rod at the same time.
- the monitoring method of the present invention timely feeds back the current locking point to the operator. The operator can use this as a reference to perform a targeted unlocking operation, thereby facilitating the release of the rod phenomenon.
- the present invention provides a drill pipe monitoring controller for a machine lock drill
- the drill includes a plurality of drill pipes
- the controller includes an input device, a processing device, and an output device connected in sequence, wherein: the input device is used to collect the drill pipe a signal of the position and the actual amount of elongation of the drill pipe being operated;
- the processing device is configured to determine, according to the received position signal of the drill pipe, that the operated drill pipe is the i-th segment, and determine the maximum elongation of the i-th drill pipe by the operated drill pipe for the i-th segment,
- the output device is operative to output a signal of the value of j.
- the invention provides a controller for monitoring the locking and unlocking condition of the drill pipe, and the controller can monitor the locking condition of the machine lock drill pipe at the locking point.
- the input device of the controller is capable of acquiring the position signal of the drill pipe and transmitting the signal to the processing device to determine which drill pipe is currently being operated, because the maximum elongation of each drill pipe The quantities are measured in advance, Therefore, it is necessary to know which drill pipe is currently operated, and the processing device can correspondingly obtain the maximum elongation of the drill pipe, and then according to the actual elongation signal of the drill pipe input by the input device and pre-stored in the processing.
- the outer surface of the drill pipe is distributed with a plurality of locking points at a certain interval in the axial direction. The distance between each locking point and the top end of the drill pipe is known, and the actual elongation of the drill pipe should be equal to the maximum elongation of the drill pipe. The distance from the locking point to the tip of the drill pipe.
- the measurement of the maximum elongation and the actual elongation of the drill pipe described above is simple and easy, and therefore the controller of the present invention is easy to implement the above monitoring method, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring can be improved by merely increasing the accuracy of the measurement.
- the present invention measures the position and the actual elongation of the drill pipe, and by detecting the drill pipe being operated as the i-th section, it is judged whether the i-th drill pipe is moved to the lock point.
- the above technical solution can monitor the moving point of the currently operated drill pipe to a locking point by a simple method, thereby prompting the operator to lock or unlock the operation as needed, thereby improving the operation efficiency and reducing the occurrence of the rod. The risk of failure.
- the processing device in order to determine the rated tension of the pressurizing device 11, the processing device first determines which section of the drill pipe to be operated, and therefore requires a signal regarding the position of the drill pipe being operated. Since the innermost drill pipe is pulled upward through the wire rope of the main hoist 14, the length of the wire rope of the main hoisting 14 is the height of the drill pipe movement, and the input device receives the signal for processing equipment to judge.
- the processing device judges that the contraction length S of the wire rope of the main hoisting 4 detected by the input device is within this range, the operated drill pipe is the i-th segment.
- the drill pipe is the i-th drill pipe.
- the input device of the controller receives the contraction length signal of the wire rope of the main hoist 14, but since the power head 12 also moves up and down, the processing device only depends on the contraction length of the wire rope of the main hoisting 14 Judging is easy to produce errors.
- the input device receives the signal of the height of the power head 12 from the ground and the depth of the underground end of the drill pipe, and then removes the length of the first section of the drill pipe, that is, the outermost layer.
- the length of the drill pipe allows the length of the drill pipe to extend from the first drill pipe. When the current i-th drill pipe is stretched, the length of the entire drill pipe should be between Lf+Lw and! ⁇ +...+! Between ⁇ , when L 1+ ⁇ + L 1 _ 1 ⁇ E ⁇ L 1+ - + L f of the drill pipe handling device is operated as a determination section of drill pipe i.
- the processing device of the present invention determines that the drill pipe being operated is the i-th section.
- the first method of directly judging according to the contraction length of the main hoisting wire rope is relatively simple, but since the power head 12 can also move up and down, there is an error, and the accuracy is low, but only the contraction length of the main hoisting wire rope needs to be measured.
- a physical quantity; the second method takes into account the position of the power head 12, but at least the height of the power head 2 from the ground and the depth of the end of the drill pipe need to be measured, and the measurement method is complicated, but the accuracy is improved.
- the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe is lfE ⁇ Lf+ o.
- the calculation of the value of E avoids the power head 12
- the error introduced by the position embodies the actual length of the actual drill pipe.
- the total length of the fully extended drill pipe other than the i-th drill pipe is subtracted from the value, which is the actual extension of the i-th drill pipe. Long amount.
- the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe can be measured by measuring the height of the power head 12, drilling The depth of the rod end and the length of the first section of the drill pipe are calculated, and the calculated value is relatively accurate.
- the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe can also be measured or calculated by other methods, such as direct measurement.
- the input device is further configured to receive a signal indicating whether the drill rod has a rod.
- the drill pipe monitoring method of the present invention also monitors the phenomenon of the rod at the same time. When the phenomenon of the rod is detected, the monitoring method of the present invention timely feeds back the current locking point to the operator. The operator can use this as a reference to perform a targeted unlocking operation, thereby facilitating the release of the rod phenomenon.
- the present invention also provides a drill pipe monitoring system for a machine-locking drill
- the drill includes a multi-section drill pipe
- the drill pipe is from the outside to the inside, respectively, from the first section to the N-th section
- the jth lock point is the distance from the drill
- the monitoring system includes a detecting device, a controller for outputting a signal indicating a locked locking point, and displaying according to the controller output signal Display device, the controller is a drill pipe monitoring controller according to the above claims 6-10.
- the invention provides a monitoring system for monitoring the locking and unlocking condition of a drill pipe, and the monitoring system can monitor the locking state of the machine lock drill pipe at the locking point.
- the detecting device detects the position of the drill pipe and transmits the signal to the processing device through the input device of the controller to determine which drill pipe the currently operated drill pipe is, because the maximum elongation of each drill pipe The quantity is pre-measured, so it is necessary to know which section of the drill pipe is currently being operated, and the processing equipment can correspondingly obtain the maximum elongation of the drill pipe, and then according to the actual measurement of the drill pipe measured by the detecting device.
- the amount of elongation and the distance from the top of the drill pipe to the point of the drill pipe to determine which of the plurality of lock points is locked, and the monitoring result of the lock point is transmitted through the output device of the controller Go to the display device to prompt the operator to perform a lock or unlock operation as needed.
- the outer surface of the drill pipe is axial
- a plurality of locking points are distributed in a certain interval in the direction, and the distance between each locking point and the top end of the drill pipe is known, and the actual elongation of the drill pipe should be equal to the maximum elongation of the drill pipe and the distance from the locking point to the top of the drill pipe.
- the measurement of the maximum elongation and the actual elongation of the above drill pipe is simple and easy, so the above monitoring method of the present invention is easy to implement, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring can be improved by merely improving the measurement accuracy. .
- the outer surface of the drill pipe is distributed with a plurality of locking points at a certain interval in the axial direction, and the distance between each locking point and the top end of the drill pipe is known, and the actual elongation of the drill pipe should be equal to the maximum extension of the drill pipe. The distance from the top of the drill pipe to the length of the lock point.
- the present invention measures the position and the actual elongation of the drill pipe, and by detecting the drill pipe being operated as the i-th section, it is judged whether the i-th drill pipe is moved to the lock point.
- the above technical solution can monitor the moving point of the currently operated drill pipe to a locking point by a simple method, thereby prompting the operator to lock or unlock the operation as needed, thereby improving the operation efficiency and reducing the occurrence of the rod. The risk of failure.
- the processing device of the controller in order to determine the rated tension of the pressurizing device 11, the processing device of the controller first determines which section of the drill pipe is being operated, and therefore requires a signal of the position of the drill pipe being operated. Since the innermost drill pipe is pulled upward through the wire rope of the main hoist 14, the length of the wire rope contraction of the main hoisting 14 is the height of the drill pipe movement, and the detecting device can detect the contraction length of the wire rope of the main hoisting 14, It is thus transferred to the processing device of the controller for calculation and processing.
- the detection device can include a depth sensor that is typically mounted on the main hoisting shaft.
- the installation position of the above depth sensor is not limited.
- the drill pipe being operated is the i-th drill pipe.
- a scheme for detecting the contraction length signal of the wire rope of the main hoisting 14 is employed, but since the power head 12 also moves up and down, the controller processing apparatus is only based on the wire rope of the main hoisting 14 It is easy to produce an error by shrinking the length for judgment.
- a monitoring system wherein the detecting device includes a depth sensor and a distance sensor, respectively, using the distance sensor and the depth sensor to respectively determine the height of the power head 12 from the ground and the depth of the underground end of the drill pipe end.
- the signal is detected, and after the above-mentioned detected values are summed, the length of the first section of the drill pipe (ie, the length of the outermost drill pipe) is subtracted, and the drill pipe is extended from the first section of the drill pipe. length.
- the length of the entire drill pipe should be between 1 ⁇ + ⁇ +! ⁇ and! ⁇ +...+! ⁇ Between, when LrP
- the first method of directly judging according to the contraction length of the main hoisting wire rope is relatively simple, but since the power head 12 can also move up and down, there is an error, and the accuracy is low, but only the contraction length of the main hoisting wire rope needs to be measured.
- a physical quantity; the second method takes into account the position of the power head 12, but at least the height of the power head 12 from the ground and the end of the drill pipe need to be measured The depth of the end, the measurement method is more complicated, but the accuracy is improved.
- the depth sensor is typically mounted on a main hoisting shaft that is typically mounted on the mast of the rig.
- the present invention does not limit the mounting positions of the depth sensor and the distance sensor described above, and any suitable mounting position can be applied to the present invention.
- the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe is
- the calculation of the value of E avoids the error introduced by the position of the power head 12 and reflects the actual length of the actual drill pipe, and subtracts from the value.
- the total length of the fully extended drill pipe beyond the i-th drill pipe is the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe.
- the actual elongation of the i-th drill pipe can also be obtained by other methods, such as direct measurement.
- the display device comprises one or more of a display, an audible alarm, and an optical alarm.
- the display device of the present invention can use the display to display the result of the locking point monitoring in detail, or use a simple buzzer or the like, such as an audible alarm or indicator light.
- An alarm or the like simply indicates that the operated drill pipe is currently at the lock point.
- the alarm device can be specifically selected according to the needs of the actual application.
- the input device is further for receiving a signal indicating whether the drill rod has a rod.
- the drill pipe monitoring method of the present invention also monitors the phenomenon of the rod at the same time.
- the monitoring method of the present invention timely feeds back the current locking point to the operator. The operator can use this as a reference to perform a targeted unlocking operation, thereby facilitating the release of the rod phenomenon.
- the present invention also provides a machine lock drill, wherein the drill has the above-described monitoring system of the present invention.
- the drilling machine can monitor the locking point where the drill pipe is currently operated in real time, so that more serious faults such as damage to the drill pipe can be found and avoided in time.
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Abstract
一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法,所述钻机包括多节钻杆,钻杆从外向内分别为第1节至第N节,每节钻杆上具有M个加锁点,以第1节钻杆为基准杆,第i节钻杆的最大伸长量为Li,其中i=2,3,···,N,第j个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为Jj,其中j=1,···,M,其中,接收测量的被操作的钻杆为第i节,并且测量该第i节钻杆的实际伸长量为li,根据li=Li-Jj,确定第i节钻杆运动到第j个加锁点。还公开了一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测控制器、装置以及包括该装置的钻机。该方法通过监测当前被操作的钻杆运动到哪一个加锁点处,提示操作者及时根据需要进行加锁或解锁操作,提高了操作效率,并且有助于解除带杆的问题。
Description
机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法及控制器、 监测系统和钻机 技术领域
本发明涉及旋挖钻机, 具体地, 涉及一种实时监 锁式旋挖钻机的 钻杆加锁点的监测方法、 控制器、 监测系统及钻机。 背景技术
目前, 旋挖钻机的应用日益广泛。 旋挖钻机通常采用伸缩式钻杆, 在 该伸缩式钻杆的提钻作业中, 伸缩钻杆将按照由内到外的顺序逐节提升。 伸缩式钻杆通常分为摩擦式钻杆、 机锁式钻杆和组合式钻杆等。
机锁式钻杆是比较常用的一种伸缩式钻杆。 在旋挖钻机采用机锁式钻 杆施工时, 将机锁式钻头下放是按照由外到内的顺序逐节伸出, 提钻时则 按相反的顺序, 即由内到外的顺序逐节缩回。 机锁式钻杆的所有钻杆的外 表面的外键上都形成有多个加锁点, 最外层钻杆, 是通过动力头的内键与 最外节钻杆的外键的加锁点配合, 除最外层钻杆外的所有钻杆, 是通过外 节钻杆的内键与内节钻杆的外键的加锁点的配合, 两节钻杆之间能够通过 机械连接的方式相互锁定, 因此钻杆之间能够传递的力较大, 所以机锁式 钻杆能够应用于土层较硬的情况。
但是, 对于机锁式钻杆来说, 操作者无法自己观看到钻杆之间的加锁 情况, 对于机锁式钻杆的加锁和解锁只能凭借经验, 有时候需要反复尝试 才能成功, 降低了作业效率; 而当解锁不成功时会造成 "带杆"现象, 如 果无法及时发现和处理, 将造成极大的安全隐患。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法, 该方法能够对
机锁式钻机的钻杆的加锁和解锁进行监控。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法, 所 述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上 具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 其中 ί=2,3 ·· ,Ν, 第 j 个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其中 j=l, ,M, 其特征在于, 确定测量的被操作的钻杆为第 i节, 并且接收测量 的该第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量为 1,, 根据 l^ Lr Jj , 确定第 i节钻杆运动到第 j个加锁点。
另外, 本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于机锁式钻机的钻杆监测控 制器, 该钻杆监测控制器能够实现上述钻杆监测方法。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种用于机锁式钻机的钻杆监测控制 器, 所述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节 钻杆上具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长 量为 其中 ί=2,3,···,Ν, 第 j个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 Jj, 其中 j=l, ,M, 所述控制器包括依次连接的输入设备、 处理设备和输出设 备, 其特征在于:
所述输入设备用于采集所述钻杆的位置和被操作钻杆的实际伸长量的 信号;
所述处理设备用于根据接收到的所述钻杆的位置信号判断被操作钻杆 为第 i节、 通过被操作钻杆为第 i节确定该第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量 、 通 过第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量 1,= - Jj确定 j的值、 并将 j的值传送到输出设 备;
所述输出设备用于输出 j的值的信号。
另外, 本发明的另一目的是提供一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测系统, 该 钻杆监测系统包括本发明的上述钻杆监测控制器, 并能实现本发明所提供 的钻杆的监测方法。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测系统, 所 述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上 具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 其中 ί=2,3,···,Ν,其中 =0,第 j个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其中 j=l, ,M, 其特征在于, 所述监测系统包括检测装置、 用于输出指示 锁定的加锁点的信号的控制器和根据所述控制器输出信号进行显示的显示 装置, 所述控制器为根据本发明的钻杆监测控制器。
另外, 本发明的另一目的是提供一种机锁式钻机, 该机锁式钻机包括 本发明所提供的钻杆监测系统。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明对钻杆的位置和实际伸长量进行测量, 通 过检测被操作的所述钻杆为第 i节, 判断该第 i节钻杆是否运动到加锁点。 上述技术方案通过简单的方法就能监测当前被操作的钻杆运动到哪一个加 锁点处, 从而提示操作者及时根据需要进行加锁或解锁操作, 提高了操作 效率, 并且有助于解除带杆的问题。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1是根据本发明的旋挖钻机的优选实施方式示意图;
图 2是根据本发明的钻杆末端示意图;
图 3是根据本发明的钻杆的加锁点情况示意图;
图 4是根据本发明的内节钻杆和外节钻杆的连接示意图。
附图标记说明
1 外键 2 内键
31、 32、 33、 34 加锁点
14 主卷扬 15 导向环
17 提绳器 18 托盘
19 钻斗
D 钻杆末端所处地下的深度
H动力头距地面的高度
T第 1节钻杆的长度
E钻杆末端的伸出长度 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
为了便于理解本发明的技术方案, 首先介绍机锁式钻杆的各部分的工 作情况。 如图 1至图 3所示, 机锁式钻杆除了最外节钻杆外, 每节钻杆顶 部都有导向环 15; 除最内节钻杆外, 每节钻杆底部内表面具有内键 2; 最 内节钻杆顶部有提绳器 17, 该提绳器 17连接着主卷扬 14的钢丝绳, 最内 节钻杆底部具有托盘 18, 并且最内节钻杆底端连接有钻斗 19。 当钻杆伸出 时,最外层钻杆通过随动架落在动力头 12上。当第 i节钻杆从第 i-1节钻杆 中并未完全伸出时, 该第 i节钻杆的底端必然落在托盘 18上; 当第 i节钻 杆完全伸出时, 该第 i节钻杆的底端已经脱离托盘 18, 因此其顶端的导向 环 15必然落在上一节钻杆的内键 2上。
一般在钻杆的周向上均匀分布 3个内键 2,该内键 2与外键 1的数量相
对应。 在钻杆外表面的轴向方向上按一定间距分布多个加锁点, 该加锁点 是由外键向内凹进而形成的纵向方向上的台阶, 图 3 中示意性的画出四个 加锁点 31、 32、 33和 34举例说明。 一般机锁式钻杆从外到内由多节此类 钻杆组成, 任意两节相邻钻杆之中的内节钻杆可以在外节钻杆内伸缩。 在 进行钻孔作业时, 内节钻杆从外节钻杆中伸出, 外节钻杆的内键驱动内节 钻杆的外键, 从而由外节钻杆带动内节钻杆旋转。 当内节钻杆伸出后, 机 锁式钻杆需要进行加锁操作, 即外节钻杆的内键到达内节钻杆的外键的加 锁点并与外键的凹进部分相贴合, 此时外节钻杆向下施加的压力就能够通 过内键与外键的加锁点台阶传递到内节钻杆, 从而实现对钻杆的加压。
在旋挖钻机采用机锁式钻杆施工时, 将机锁式钻头在钻孔内下放是按 照钻杆由外到内的顺序逐节伸出, 直到钻头碰触钻孔的底部, 接着操纵动 力头正向旋转, 通过钻孔的底部与钻头的摩擦力, 使得各节钻杆之间发生 正方向的相对转动、 外节钻杆的内键与内节钻杆的外键互相配合, 完成加 锁。 在钻杆工作时, 钻机的加压装置 11用于为钻杆提供向下的压力。 提钻 时则按相反的顺序, 首先操纵动力头反向旋转, 通过钻孔底部与钻头的摩 擦力, 使得各节钻杆之间发生反方向的相对转动、 外节钻杆的内键与内节 钻杆的外键互相脱离, 完成解锁, 然后将钻杆由内到外的顺序逐节缩回。
本发明提供一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法, 所述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 其中 ί=2,3 ··,Ν, 第 j 个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其中 j=l, ,M, 其特征在于, 确 定测量的被操作的钻杆为第 i节, 并且接收测量的该第 i节钻杆的实际伸长 量为 根据 l^ Lr Jj, 确定第 i节钻杆运动到第 j个加锁点。
由于在工作过程中, 机锁式钻机的钻杆之间的加锁情况难以观察, 而 且对钻杆的安全有着重要的影响, 因此需要对该状态进行监测。
本发明提供一种对钻杆的加锁和解锁情况进行监测的方法, 该方法能
监测机锁式钻杆在加锁点的加锁情况。 首先要确定当前被操作的钻杆为哪 一节钻杆, 因为每节钻杆的最大伸长量都是预先测量的, 所以需要先知道 当前操作的是哪节钻杆, 才能对应地知道该节钻杆的最大伸长量, 再根据 该节钻杆的伸长和加锁点距离该节钻杆顶端的距离, 来确定该节钻杆目前 运动到多个加锁点中的哪一个处, 以提醒操作者根据需要及时进行加锁或 解锁操作。
钻杆外表面沿轴向方向上按一定间距分布有多个加锁点, 每个加锁点 与钻杆顶端的距离已知, 钻杆的实际伸长量应当等于钻杆的最大伸长与加 锁点距离钻杆顶端的距离。
上述钻杆的最大伸长量和实际伸长量的测量都很简单易行, 因此本发 明的上述监测方法很容易实现, 并且只需提高测量的精度就能够提高监测 的精度和可靠度。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明对钻杆的位置和实际伸长量进行测量, 通 过检测被操作的所述钻杆为第 i节, 判断该第 i节钻杆是否运动到加锁点。 上述技术方案通过简单的方法就能监测当前被操作的钻杆运动到哪一个加 锁点处, 从而提示操作者及时根据需要进行加锁或解锁操作, 提高了操作 效率, 并且降低了发生带杆等故障的风险。
优选地,所述确定测量的被操作的钻杆为第 i节具体为:所述钻机包括 主卷扬 14的钢丝绳,接收检测的当前主卷扬 14的钢丝绳的收缩长度 S, 如 果 1^+···+!^ 1<S<L1+ +L1, 其中 =0, 则确定被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
在本发明中, 首先要确定被操作的钻杆是哪一节, 因此, 优选地提供 了一种确定被操作钻杆为第 i节的优选实施方式,由于最内层钻杆通过主卷 扬 14的钢丝绳向上牵引, 因此主卷扬 14的钢丝绳收缩的长度就是钻杆运 动的高度。
由于第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 最外节的第 1节钻杆由于不能伸缩 所以 LfO, 这样, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸缩范围就是 而在当前的第 i节钻
杆发生伸缩时, 整个钻杆的长度范围应该是介于!^+…+!^和!^+…+!^之 间, 因此当检测到的主卷扬钢丝绳的收缩长度 S在这个范围内时, 被操作 的钻杆为第 i节。
优选地,所述确定测量的被操作的钻杆为第 i节具体为:所述钻机还包 括动力头 12, 接收检测的钻杆末端所处地下的深度 D, 所述动力头 12距地 面的高度 H,第 1节钻杆的长度 T,则所述钻杆末端的伸出长度为 E=D+H-T, 如果
则确定被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
前面的优选实施方式中的方法是通过主卷扬钢丝绳的运动来判断被操 作的钻杆为第 i节,但是由于动力头也会发生上下移动, 因此本发明的另一 种优选实施方式提供了一种判断方式, 该方式将动力头 2的位置考虑进来, 判断结果更加准确。
上述计算方式是测量钻杆末端和动力头之间的距离, 再去掉第 1 节钻 杆的长度, 即最外层钻杆的长度, 就可以得到钻杆从第 1 节钻杆中伸出的 长度。 在当前的第 i 节钻杆发生伸缩时, 整个钻杆的长度范围应该是介于 1^+···+!^禾卩!^+…+!^之间, 当判断 L1+ +L1_1<E<L1+ +L1时则被操作的 钻杆为第 i节所述钻杆。
以上描述了本发明例举的两种判断被操作的钻杆为第 i 节的方式。 其 中, 第一种根据主卷扬钢丝绳的收缩长度来直接判断的方法比较简单, 但 是由于动力头 12也能够上下移动而存在误差, 准确度较低, 但是仅需要测 量主卷扬钢丝绳收缩长度这一个物理量; 第二种方法将动力头 12的位置考 虑进来, 但是至少需要测量动力头 12距地面的高度和钻杆的末端的深度, 测量方法较为复杂, 但提高了准确性。
通过上文对钻杆末端的伸出长度 E的计算方法的介绍可知, E的值的 计算避免了动力头 12的位置引入的误差而体现了实际的钻杆的整体长度, 从该值中减去第 i节钻杆之外的完全伸出的钻杆的总长度即为该第 i节钻杆
的实际伸长量。 当然, 除此之外, 第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量也可以通过其他 方式获得, 例如直接测量等。
优选地, 所述监测方法还包括监测所述钻杆是否发生带杆, 在发生带 杆的同时输出所述 j的值。
在上述优选实施方式中, 本发明的钻杆监测方法还同时对带杆现象进 行监测, 当监测到发生带杆现象时, 本发明的监测方法将当前的加锁点情 况及时反馈给操作者, 操作者就可以以此作为参考而进行有针对性的解锁 操作, 从而有利于带杆现象的解除。
另外, 本发明提供了一种用于机锁式钻机的钻杆监测控制器, 所述钻 机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 其 中 ί=2,3,···,Ν,第 j个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 ^,其中 j=l, ,M, 所述控制器包括依次连接的输入设备、 处理设备和输出设备, 其特征在于: 所述输入设备用于采集所述钻杆的位置和被操作钻杆的实际伸长量的 信号;
所述处理设备用于根据接收到的所述钻杆的位置信号判断被操作钻杆 为第 i节、 通过被操作钻杆为第 i节确定该第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量 、 通 过第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量 1,= - Jj确定 j的值、 并将 j的值传送到输出设 备;
所述输出设备用于输出 j的值的信号。
由于在工作过程中, 机锁式钻机的钻杆之间的加锁情况难以观察, 而 且对钻杆的安全有着重要的影响, 因此需要对该状态进行监测。
本发明提供一种对钻杆的加锁和解锁情况进行监测的控制器, 该控制 器能监测机锁式钻杆在加锁点的加锁情况。 首先, 该控制器的输入设备能 够采集所述钻杆的位置信号, 并将该信号传输给处理设备从而判断当前被 操作的钻杆为哪一节钻杆, 因为每节钻杆的最大伸长量都是预先测量的,
所以需要先知道当前操作的是哪节钻杆, 处理设备才能对应地获取该节钻 杆的最大伸长量, 再根据输入设备输入的该节钻杆的实际伸长量信号和预 先储存在处理设备中的各加锁点距离该节钻杆顶端的距离, 来确定该节钻 杆运动到多个加锁点中的哪一个处, 从而提醒操作者根据需要进行加锁或 解锁操作。 钻杆外表面沿轴向方向上按一定间距分布有多个加锁点, 每个 加锁点与钻杆顶端的距离已知, 钻杆的实际伸长量应当等于钻杆的最大伸 长与加锁点距离钻杆顶端的距离。
上述钻杆的最大伸长量和实际伸长量的测量都很简单易行, 因此本发 明的控制器容易实现上述监测方法, 并且只需提高测量的精度就能够提高 监测的精度和可靠度。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明对钻杆的位置和实际伸长量进行测量, 通 过检测被操作的所述钻杆为第 i节, 判断该第 i节钻杆是否运动到加锁点。 上述技术方案通过简单的方法就能监测当前被操作的钻杆运动到哪一个加 锁点处, 从而提示操作者及时根据需要进行加锁或解锁操作, 提高了操作 效率, 并且降低了发生带杆等故障的风险。
优选地, 所述钻机包括主卷扬 14的钢丝绳, 所述输入设备接收所述主 卷扬 14 的钢丝绳的收缩长度 S 的信号, 所述处理设备判断当 !^+… + i<S< +-+ 其中 =0, 此时被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
在本发明中, 处理设备为了确定加压装置 11的额定拉力, 首先要确定 被操作的钻杆是哪一节, 因此需要有关被操作的钻杆的位置的信号。 由于 最内层钻杆通过主卷扬 14的钢丝绳向上牵引, 因此主卷扬 14的钢丝绳收 缩的长度就是钻杆运动的高度, 输入设备接收该信号以便处理设备进行判 断。
由于第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 最外节的第 1节钻杆由于不能伸缩 所以 =0, 这样, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸缩范围就是!^, 而在当前的第 i节钻 杆发生伸缩时, 整个钻杆的长度范围应该是介于!^+…+!^和 +···+ 之
间,因此当处理设备判断输入设备检测到的主卷扬 4的钢丝绳的收缩长度 S 在这个范围内时, 被操作的钻杆为第 i节。
优选地, 所述钻机还包括动力头 12, 所述输入设备接收钻杆末端所处 地下的深度 D的信号, 所述动力头 12距地面的高度 H的信号, 第 1节钻 杆的长度 T 的信号, 所述处理设备计算所述钻杆末端的伸出长度为 E=D+H-T,并判断当 1^+···+!^ 1<E<L1+〜+L1时被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
前面的优选实施方式中, 控制器的输入设备接收主卷扬 14的钢丝绳的 收缩长度信号, 但是由于动力头 12也会发生上下移动, 因此处理设备仅根 据主卷扬 14的钢丝绳的收缩长度来进行判断很容易产生误差。 本发明的另 一种优选实施方式的控制器, 输入设备接收动力头 12的距地面的高度和钻 杆末端所处地下的深度的信号, 再去掉第 1 节钻杆的长度, 即最外层钻杆 的长度, 就可以得到钻杆从第 1节钻杆中伸出的长度。在当前的第 i节钻杆 发生伸缩时, 整个钻杆的长度范围应该是介于 Lf+Lw和!^+…+!^之间, 当 L1+〜+L1_1<E<L1+-+L f则处理设备判断被操作的钻杆为第 i节所述钻 杆。
以上描述了本发明例举的处理设备的两种判断被操作的钻杆为第 i节 的方式。 其中, 第一种根据主卷扬钢丝绳的收缩长度来直接判断的方法比 较简单, 但是由于动力头 12也能够上下移动而存在误差, 准确度较低, 但 是仅需要测量主卷扬钢丝绳收缩长度这一个物理量; 第二种方法将动力头 12的位置考虑进来, 但是至少需要测量动力头 2距地面的高度和钻杆的末 端的深度, 测量方法较为复杂, 但提高了准确性。
更优选地, 所述第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量为 lfE^ Lf+ o 通过上 文对钻杆末端的伸出长度 E的计算方法的介绍可知, E的值的计算避免了 动力头 12的位置引入的误差而体现了实际的钻杆的整体长度, 从该值中减 去第 i节钻杆之外的完全伸出的钻杆的总长度即为该第 i节钻杆的实际伸长 量。 这样, 第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量就可以通过测量动力头 12的高度、 钻
杆末端的深度以及第一节钻杆的长度等而计算出来, 并且该计算值较为准 确。当然,第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量也可以通过其他方法测量或者计算得出, 比如直接测量等。
优选地, 所述输入设备还用于接收指示所述钻杆是否发生带杆的信号。 在上述优选实施方式中, 本发明的钻杆监测方法还同时对带杆现象进 行监测, 当监测到发生带杆现象时, 本发明的监测方法将当前的加锁点情 况及时反馈给操作者, 操作者就可以以此作为参考而进行有针对性的解锁 操作, 从而有利于带杆现象的解除。
另外, 本发明还提供一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测系统, 所述钻机包括 多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上具有 M个加 锁点, 以第 1 节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i 节钻杆的最大伸长量为 其中 ί=2,3 ··,Ν, 其中 =0, 第 j个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其 中 j=l, ,M, 其特征在于, 所述监测系统包括检测装置、 用于输出指示锁 定的加锁点的信号的控制器和根据所述控制器输出信号进行显示的显示装 置, 所述控制器为根据上述权利要求 6-10所述的钻杆监测控制器。
由于在工作过程中, 机锁式钻机的钻杆之间的加锁情况难以观察, 而 且对钻杆的安全有着重要的影响, 因此需要对该状态进行监测。
本发明提供一种对钻杆的加锁和解锁情况进行监测的监测系统, 该监 测系统能监测机锁式钻杆在加锁点的加锁情况。 首先, 检测装置对钻杆的 位置进行检测, 并将信号通过控制器的输入设备传送到处理设备, 从而确 定当前被操作的钻杆为哪一节钻杆, 因为每节钻杆的最大伸长量都是预先 测量的, 所以需要先知道当前操作的是哪节钻杆, 处理设备才能对应地获 得该节钻杆的最大伸长量, 再根据由检测装置测得的该节钻杆的实际伸长 量和加锁点距离该节钻杆顶端的距离, 来确定该节钻杆在多个加锁点中的 哪一个处锁定, 并通过控制器的输出设备将加锁点的监测结果传送到显示 装置, 从而提示操作者根据需要进行加锁或解锁操作。 钻杆外表面沿轴向
方向上按一定间距分布有多个加锁点, 每个加锁点与钻杆顶端的距离已知, 钻杆的实际伸长量应当等于钻杆的最大伸长与加锁点距离钻杆顶端的距 上述钻杆的最大伸长量和实际伸长量的测量都很简单易行, 因此本发 明的上述监测方法很容易实现, 并且只需提高测量的精度就能够提高监测 的精度和可靠度。
而且, 钻杆外表面沿轴向方向上按一定间距分布有多个加锁点, 每个 加锁点与钻杆顶端的距离已知, 钻杆的实际伸长量应当等于钻杆的最大伸 长与加锁点距离钻杆顶端的距离。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明对钻杆的位置和实际伸长量进行测量, 通 过检测被操作的所述钻杆为第 i节, 判断该第 i节钻杆是否运动到加锁点。 上述技术方案通过简单的方法就能监测当前被操作的钻杆运动到哪一个加 锁点处, 从而提示操作者及时根据需要进行加锁或解锁操作, 提高了操作 效率, 并且降低了发生带杆等故障的风险。
根据钻杆监测控制器的优选实施方式, 所述钻机包括主卷扬 14的钢丝 绳, 所述检测装置包括深度传感器, 该深度传感器测量所述主卷扬 14的钢 丝绳的收缩长度 S, 如果 L1+ +L1_1<S<L1+ +L1, 其中 =0, 则被操作的 钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
在本发明的监测系统中, 控制器的处理设备为了确定加压装置 11的额 定拉力, 首先要确定被操作的钻杆是哪一节, 因此需要被操作的钻杆的位 置的信号。 由于最内层钻杆通过主卷扬 14的钢丝绳向上牵引, 因此主卷扬 14的钢丝绳收缩的长度就是钻杆运动的高度, 检测装置可以对此主卷扬 14 的钢丝绳的收缩长度进行检测, 从而传送到控制器的处理设备中进行计算 和处理。
通常, 在本优选实施方式中, 检测装置可以包括深度传感器, 该深度 传感器通常安装在主卷扬轴上。 但是上述深度传感器的安装位置并不限制
于本实施方式中的优选情况, 任何适当的位置都可以安装该深度传感器。 由于第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为!^, 最外节的第 11节钻杆由于不能伸 缩所以 Ll=0, 这样, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸缩范围就是 而在当前的第 i 节钻杆发生伸缩时,整个钻杆的长度范围应该是介于!^+…+!^和 1^+···+!^ 之间, 因此当处理设备判断输入设备检测到的主卷扬 14的钢丝绳的收缩长 度 S在这个范围内时, 被操作的钻杆为第 i节。
根据钻杆监测控制器的优选实施方式, 所述检测装置包括深度传感器 和距离传感器, 所述深度传感器测量钻杆末端所处地下的深度值 D, 所述 距离传感器测量所述动力头 12距地面的高度 H, 已知或手工测量第 1节钻 杆的长度 T , 则所述钻杆末端的伸出长度为 E=D+H-T, 如果 L1+〜
则被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
前面的监测系统的优选实施方式中, 采用检测主卷扬 14的钢丝绳的收 缩长度信号的方案, 但是由于动力头 12也会发生上下移动, 因此控制器处 理设备仅根据主卷扬 14的钢丝绳的收缩长度来进行判断很容易产生误差。 本发明的另一种优选实施方式的监测系统, 其中检测装置包括深度传感器 和距离传感器, 分别利用该距离传感器和深度传感器对动力头 12的距地面 的高度和钻杆末端所处地下的深度的信号进行检测, 再在将上述检测到的 值求和后减去第 1节钻杆的长度 (即最外层钻杆的长度), 就可以得到钻杆 从第 1节钻杆中伸出的长度。在当前的第 i节钻杆发生伸缩时, 整个钻杆的 长度范围应该是介于 1^+···+!^和!^+…+!^之间, 当 LrP
+L,时则处理设备判断被操作的钻杆为第 i节所述钻杆。
以上描述了本发明例举的处理设备的两种判断被操作的钻杆为第 i节 的方式。 其中, 第一种根据主卷扬钢丝绳的收缩长度来直接判断的方法比 较简单, 但是由于动力头 12也能够上下移动而存在误差, 准确度较低, 但 是仅需要测量主卷扬钢丝绳收缩长度这一个物理量; 第二种方法将动力头 12的位置考虑进来,但是至少需要测量动力头 12距地面的高度和钻杆的末
端的深度, 测量方法较为复杂, 但提高了准确性。
通常, 该深度传感器通常安装在主卷扬轴上, 该距离传感器通常安装 在钻机的桅杆上。 但是本发明并不对上述深度传感器和距离传感器的安装 位置进行限制, 任何适合的安装位置都可以应用到本发明中。
根据钻杆监测控制器的优选实施方式, 第 i 节钻杆的实际伸长量为
1 E-(
通过上文对钻杆末端的伸出长度 E的计算方法的介绍可 知, E的值的计算避免了动力头 12的位置引入的误差而体现了实际的钻杆 的整体长度,从该值中减去第 i节钻杆之外的完全伸出的钻杆的总长度即为 该第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量。 当然, 该第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量也可以通过 其他的方法获得, 例如直接测量等。
另外, 优选地, 所述显示装置包括显示器、 声报警器和光报警器中的 一种或多种。
为了使操纵人员得知本发明的监测系统的监测结果, 本发明的显示装 置可以采用显示器来详细显示加锁点监测的结果, 也可以采用简单的蜂鸣 器等声报警器或指示灯等光报警器等来简单地指示被操作的钻杆当前位于 加锁点处。 报警装置可以根据实际应用的需要而具体选择。
根据钻杆监测控制器的优选实施方式, 所述输入设备还用于接收指示 所述钻杆是否发生带杆的信号。
在上述优选实施方式中, 本发明的钻杆监测方法还同时对带杆现象进 行监测, 当监测到发生带杆现象时, 本发明的监测方法将当前的加锁点情 况及时反馈给操作者, 操作者就可以以此作为参考而进行有针对性的解锁 操作, 从而有利于带杆现象的解除。
本发明还提供一种机锁式钻机, 其中, 所述钻机具有本发明上述的监 测系统。 该钻机通过本发明的上述监测系统, 可以实时地对被操作钻杆当 前所在的加锁点进行监测, 从而能够及时发现并避免钻杆发生损坏等更加 严重的故障。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合, 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims
1、 一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测方法, 所述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从 外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻 杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为!^, 其中 ί=2,3 ··,Ν, 第 j个加锁 点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其中 j=l, ,M, 其特征在于, 确定测量 的被操作的钻杆为第 i节,并且接收测量的该第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量为 1,, 根据 1F - , 确定第 i节钻杆运动到第 j个加锁点。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的监测方法, 其特征在于, 所述确定测量的被 操作的钻杆为第 i节具体为: 所述钻机还包括主卷扬(14) 的钢丝绳, 接收 检测的当前主卷扬(14) 的钢丝绳的收缩长度 S, 如果
其中 =0, 则确定被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的监测方法, 其特征在于, 所述确定测量的被 操作的钻杆为第 i节具体为: 所述钻机还包括动力头 (12), 接收检测的钻 杆末端所处地下的深度 D, 所述动力头 (12) 距地面的高度 H, 第 1节钻 杆的长度 T , 则所述钻杆末端的伸出长度为 E=D+H-T, 如果 L1+〜 +Ll l<E<L1+-+L1, 则确定被操作的钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的监测方法, 其特征在于, 所述第 i节钻杆的 实际伸长量为 l^E Lf+ ^
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的监测方法, 其特征在于, 所述监测方法还包 括监测所述钻杆是否发生带杆, 在发生带杆的同时输出所述 j的值。
6、 一种用于机锁式钻机的钻杆监测控制器, 所述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节钻杆为基准杆, 第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为!^, 其中 ί=2,3 ··,Ν, 第 j 个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其中 j=l, ,M,所述控制器包括 依次连接的输入设备、 处理设备和输出设备, 其特征在于:
所述输入设备用于采集所述钻杆的位置和被操作钻杆的实际伸长量的 信号;
所述处理设备用于根据接收到的所述钻杆的位置信号判断被操作钻杆 为第 i节、 通过被操作钻杆为第 i节确定该第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量 、 通 过第 i节钻杆的实际伸长量 1,= - 确定 j的值、 并将 j的值传送到输出设 备;
所述输出设备用于输出 j的值的信号。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的钻杆监测控制器, 其特征在于, 所述钻机还 包括动力头 (12), 所述输入设备接收钻杆末端所处地下的深度 D的信号, 所述动力头 (12) 距地面的高度 H的信号, 第 1节钻杆的长度 T的信号, 所述处理设备计算所述钻杆末端的伸出长度为 E=D+H-T, 并判断当 L1+〜 +Ll l<E<L1+-+L1时被操作钻杆为第 i节钻杆。
10、 根据权利要求 6所述的钻杆监测控制器, 其特征在于, 所述输入 设备还用于接收指示所述钻杆是否发生带杆的信号。
11、 一种机锁式钻机的钻杆监测系统, 所述钻机包括多节钻杆, 钻杆 从外向内分别为第 1节至第 N节, 每节钻杆上具有 M个加锁点, 以第 1节 钻杆为基准杆,第 i节钻杆的最大伸长量为 其中 ί=2,3 ··,Ν,其中 =0, 第 j个加锁点距离该节钻杆的顶端的距离为 其中 j=l, ,M,其特征在于, 所述监测系统包括检测装置、 用于输出指示锁定的加锁点的信号的控制器 和根据所述控制器输出信号进行显示的显示装置, 所述控制器为根据上述 权利要求 6-10所述的钻杆监测控制器。
12、 一种机锁式钻机, 其特征在于, 所述钻机具有上述权利要求 11所 述的钻杆监测系统。
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