WO2013055242A2 - Method of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products - Google Patents
Method of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013055242A2 WO2013055242A2 PCT/PL2012/000060 PL2012000060W WO2013055242A2 WO 2013055242 A2 WO2013055242 A2 WO 2013055242A2 PL 2012000060 W PL2012000060 W PL 2012000060W WO 2013055242 A2 WO2013055242 A2 WO 2013055242A2
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- Prior art keywords
- asbestos
- mixture
- amount
- materials
- products containing
- Prior art date
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- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000033116 Asbestos intoxication Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010035603 Pleural mesothelioma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical group [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010003441 asbestosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004081 cilia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/0066—Disposal of asbestos
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
Definitions
- This invention relates to utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, particularly asbestos-cement (eternit) panels, plates and pipes.
- asbestos Because of its properties, particularly thermal insulation and substantial resistance to chemical agents, abrasion and high temperatures, asbestos has been widely used in industry, including the manufacture of fire-resistant fabrics and paints, brake linings, and production of eternit, which was used in manufacturing of non-flammable building materials (wall and roofing panels and plates, and pipes).
- Polish patent PL188640 Known method of utilization of asbestos-cement waste, disclosed in the Polish patent PL188640, consists of crushing them to the appropriate fractions and packing into dustproof bags, which are then placed in the underground mine voids or cavities and flooded with a mixture of ash and water.
- Another method disclosed in the Polish patent PL 197566 consists of shredding the asbestos-cement elements removed from constructions to particles no larger than 10 cm 3 , which are then neutralized with water in a sealed mechanical device, and used as material for road construction.
- Polish patent PL201476 Another method of utilization of asbestos waste is known from the Polish patent PL201476 and it consists in placing the debris in a concrete silo specially built for this purpose.
- Polish patent application PL359958 discloses a method of waste-free utilization of asbestos products and asbestos-containing waste, consisting of chemical etching of these materials with phosphoric acid, the process is carried out either in one-stage or two-stage procedure in strongly acidic conditions.
- a method known from the Polish patent application PL369748 of utilization of asbestos or asbestos-containing products consists in that such products with addition of cement or portlandite are subjected to temperature and pressure for certain period of time, resulting in that hazardous to health asbestos fibrous structure disappears and new crystalline substance is created.
- polish patent PL209165 discloses a method of utilization of asbestos- containing materials consisting of heating of these materials and conversion of fibrous, crystalline structure into fiber-free structure under the influence of electromagnetic field, which is characterized in that the asbestos-containing material is ground, then transported to the microwave reactor, and during grinding and/or transportation this material is mixed with a heating adjuvant, and resulting product of the heat treatment is then removed from the reactor, cooled and subjected to final grinding process. Examination of the products obtained by this method showed continued presence of small amounts of asbestos.
- the methods of the asbestos utilization known in the state of the art do not lead, however, to complete elimination of asbestos fibers, and the asbestos itself remains only temporarily immobilized, but it retains carcinogenic properties.
- the aim of the present invention is to provide a method of complete utilization of asbestos waste in a process of complete recrystallization of asbestos to other forms, i.e. conversion of existing crystalline fibrous phases into different crystalline phases free of asbestos, resulting in a product entirely free of asbestos fibers, and thus devoid of properties harmful for human body.
- the method of utilization of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, in particular of asbestos-cement products like panels, plates and pipes, according to the invention is characterized in that the asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products and the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are subjected to a process of grinding in a hermetically sealed crusher, to the initial fragmentation and then subjected to grinding in a ball mill until the grain sizes in the mixture fall within the range from 10 microns to 500 microns.
- Powdered bulk material thus obtained is introduced into the tunnel or rotary kiln and subjected to a temperature, and in the first embodiment of the invention the loose material is batched to at least one flat container in a layer of real thickness not bigger than 20 cm, then the container/containers so filled up with a layer of bulk material is placed in a tunnel kiln and subjected to a temperature gradually in the range from 1000 °C to 1500 °C, for 15 to 45 minutes.
- loose mixture of any thickness is introduced into the rotary kiln by continuous filling of powdered material and subjected to a temperature gradually in the range from 1000 °C to 1500 °C, for 15 to 45 minutes.
- the resulting final bulk material can be further subjected to a process of cooling and drying, preferably at ambient temperature.
- the materials from the coal dump are used, in the range from 10 to 50 wt% (weight percent) relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
- the materials from the coal dump contain typically from 3 to 15 wt% of coal and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others.
- the feldspar fluxes are used, especially granite, which contains potassium feldspar.
- the fluxes are added in an amount exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
- the phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin is used, especially bones-containing waste from hospitals or slaughterhouses. In the first variant this waste is introduced in an amount of up to 60 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
- the waste is mixed with the debris from the coal dump, containing from 3 to 15 wt% coal, and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others, where the materials of the dump are added in an amount of from 10 to 50 wt% relative to the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, while the hazardous waste is added in an amount of up to 20% compared to the mixture of materials from the coal dump and asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
- this waste is added along with the feldspar fluxes, and both waste and fluxes are added in the amounts each exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
- the above mentioned additives to the basic material which is asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, decrease the melting temperature of the mixture of components, and thus reduce the cost of the invented method, and allow for use of easily available kilns.
- the main advantage of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, particularly asbestos-cement plates and pipes, according to the invention is a possibility to obtain the final material, which is completely devoid of asbestos fibers extremely harmful to health and environment, and in consequence to obtain a safe material, which would not make any threat to humans and environment.
- the material obtained in the method according to the invention may be subjected to further modification in order to obtain products of commercial value that can be used in various sectors of economy, particularly in building industry, e.g. in manufacture of concrete elements, materials for road foundation, etc.
- the advantage of the method according to the invention is a relatively simple technology based on thermal method, and selection of appropriate additives.
- the method according to the invention can be implemented without necessity to use more advanced treatments, such as application of pressure or special chemicals or microwave, and does not require specially constructed devices to use this method, making it possible to use well-known devices such as kilns, crushers and mixers.
- An important advantage of invented method is also a possibility of simultaneous utilization of phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin, especially containing bones waste from hospital or slaughterhouse.
- the ash which was created after combustion at high temperature of hazardous waste containing phosphorus from the bones, during rotation of the kiln was mixed with powdered eternit and milled material from the dump, and contributed to lowering the temperature of destruction of the asbestos fibers.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The subject of claimed invention is a method of utilization of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, in particular of asbestos-cement products like panels, plates and pipes, comprising the stages of shredding and thermal treatment, characterized in that initially shredded asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, and the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are subjected to a process of grinding until the grain sizes in the mixture fall within the range from 10 microns to 500 microns, then obtained loose material with mentioned additives is introduced into the tunnel or rotary kiln and subjected to a temperature gradually in the range from 1000 °C to 1500 °C, for 15 to 45 minutes. The main advantage of the method according to the invention is that it leads to final material, which is completely devoid of asbestos fibers and in consequence it is safe material that would not make any threat to humans health, and which may be subjected to further modification in order to obtain products of commercial value that can be used in various sectors of economy, particularly in building industry, e.g. in manufacture of concrete elements, materials for road foundation, etc.
Description
Method of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products
This invention relates to utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, particularly asbestos-cement (eternit) panels, plates and pipes.
Because of its properties, particularly thermal insulation and substantial resistance to chemical agents, abrasion and high temperatures, asbestos has been widely used in industry, including the manufacture of fire-resistant fabrics and paints, brake linings, and production of eternit, which was used in manufacturing of non-flammable building materials (wall and roofing panels and plates, and pipes).
However, studies have shown harmful effects of asbestos on human body. Inhalation of asbestos fibers with microscopic sizes (20-50 microns) can lead to serious lung diseases - asbestosis. It is often followed by a complication of bronchial cancer and pleural mesothelioma. Harmfulness of asbestos fibers depends on their diameter and length. Larger fibers are not so harmful, because they are deposited mostly in the upper respiratory tract where they are removed by the cilia, while the very fine fibers are removed by the immune system. The most dangerous are the fibers of a length greater than 5 microns, but thin up to 0.01 microns, absorbed into the lower respiratory tract, which stick to the lungs where they remain, and as a result of long-term irritation of the cells cause cancers.
Because of confirmed high harmfulness of asbestos, its production and use is now prohibited. Therefore, there was also a need to seek solutions for safe removal and utilization of asbestos-containing products, particularly asbestos-cement plates. After disintegration of eternit plates the problem still persists in remaining asbestos fibers that do not undergo complete neutralization.
Known method of utilization of asbestos-cement waste, disclosed in the Polish patent PL188640, consists of crushing them to the appropriate fractions and packing into dustproof bags, which are then placed in the underground mine voids or cavities and flooded with a mixture of ash and water. Another method disclosed in the Polish patent
PL 197566 consists of shredding the asbestos-cement elements removed from constructions to particles no larger than 10 cm3, which are then neutralized with water in a sealed mechanical device, and used as material for road construction.
Another method of utilization of asbestos waste is known from the Polish patent PL201476 and it consists in placing the debris in a concrete silo specially built for this purpose. Polish patent application PL359958 discloses a method of waste-free utilization of asbestos products and asbestos-containing waste, consisting of chemical etching of these materials with phosphoric acid, the process is carried out either in one-stage or two-stage procedure in strongly acidic conditions.
A method known from the Polish patent application PL369748 of utilization of asbestos or asbestos-containing products consists in that such products with addition of cement or portlandite are subjected to temperature and pressure for certain period of time, resulting in that hazardous to health asbestos fibrous structure disappears and new crystalline substance is created.
There are also known technologies of thermal neutralization of asbestos, such as technology MTT (Microwave Thermal Treatment) disclosed by C. Leonelli, P. Veronesi, D.N. Boccaccini, M.R. Rivasi, L. Barbieri, F. Andreola, I. Lancellotti, D. Rabitti and G.C. Pellacani, in "Microwave thermal inertisation of asbestos-containing waste and its recycling in traditional ceramics" (Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 135, Issues 1- 3, 31 July 2006, Pages 149-155). This paper deals with destruction of asbestos fibers with use of microwaves. Fiber modification technology itself is however different from the one proposed in claimed invention.
Besides, the Polish patent PL209165 discloses a method of utilization of asbestos- containing materials consisting of heating of these materials and conversion of fibrous, crystalline structure into fiber-free structure under the influence of electromagnetic field, which is characterized in that the asbestos-containing material is ground, then transported to the microwave reactor, and during grinding and/or transportation this material is mixed with a heating adjuvant, and resulting product of the heat treatment is then removed from the reactor, cooled and subjected to final grinding process. Examination of the products obtained by this method showed continued presence of small amounts of asbestos.
The methods of the asbestos utilization known in the state of the art do not lead, however, to complete elimination of asbestos fibers, and the asbestos itself remains only temporarily immobilized, but it retains carcinogenic properties.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a method of complete utilization of asbestos waste in a process of complete recrystallization of asbestos to other forms, i.e. conversion of existing crystalline fibrous phases into different crystalline phases free of asbestos, resulting in a product entirely free of asbestos fibers, and thus devoid of properties harmful for human body.
The method of utilization of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, in particular of asbestos-cement products like panels, plates and pipes, according to the invention is characterized in that the asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products and the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are subjected to a process of grinding in a hermetically sealed crusher, to the initial fragmentation and then subjected to grinding in a ball mill until the grain sizes in the mixture fall within the range from 10 microns to 500 microns.
Powdered bulk material thus obtained is introduced into the tunnel or rotary kiln and subjected to a temperature, and in the first embodiment of the invention the loose material is batched to at least one flat container in a layer of real thickness not bigger than 20 cm, then the container/containers so filled up with a layer of bulk material is placed in a tunnel kiln and subjected to a temperature gradually in the range from 1000 °C to 1500 °C, for 15 to 45 minutes.
In second embodiment of the invention loose mixture of any thickness is introduced into the rotary kiln by continuous filling of powdered material and subjected to a temperature gradually in the range from 1000 °C to 1500 °C, for 15 to 45 minutes.
In both cases the resulting final bulk material can be further subjected to a process of cooling and drying, preferably at ambient temperature.
Preferably, as the additives - the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture of ingredients - the materials from the coal dump are used, in the range from 10 to 50 wt% (weight percent) relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos. The materials from the coal dump contain typically from 3 to 15 wt% of coal and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others.
Preferably, as the materials decreasing the melting temperature of the mixture the feldspar fluxes are used, especially granite, which contains potassium feldspar. The fluxes are added in an amount exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
Preferably, as the materials decreasing the melting temperature of the mixture the phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin is used, especially bones-containing waste from hospitals or slaughterhouses. In the first variant this waste is introduced in an amount of up to 60 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos. In the second variant, the waste is mixed with the debris from the coal dump, containing from 3 to 15 wt% coal, and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others, where the materials of the dump are added in an amount of from 10 to 50 wt% relative to the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, while the hazardous waste is added in an amount of up to 20% compared to the mixture of materials from the coal dump and asbestos and/or products containing asbestos. In the third variant this waste is added along with the feldspar fluxes, and both waste and fluxes are added in the amounts each exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
The above mentioned additives to the basic material, which is asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, decrease the melting temperature of the mixture of components, and thus reduce the cost of the invented method, and allow for use of easily available kilns.
The main advantage of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, particularly asbestos-cement plates and pipes, according to the invention is a possibility to obtain the final material, which is completely devoid of asbestos fibers extremely harmful to health and environment, and in consequence to obtain a safe material, which would not make any threat to humans and environment.
The material obtained in the method according to the invention may be subjected to further modification in order to obtain products of commercial value that can be used in various sectors of economy, particularly in building industry, e.g. in manufacture of concrete elements, materials for road foundation, etc.
Moreover, the advantage of the method according to the invention is a relatively simple technology based on thermal method, and selection of appropriate additives.
The method according to the invention can be implemented without necessity to use more advanced treatments, such as application of pressure or special chemicals or microwave, and does not require specially constructed devices to use this method, making it possible to use well-known devices such as kilns, crushers and mixers.
An important advantage of invented method is also a possibility of simultaneous utilization of phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin, especially containing bones waste from hospital or slaughterhouse.
The method of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products, particularly asbestos-cement plates and pipes, according to the invention is presented below in the examples.
Example 1
1000 kg of eternit panels were broken up initially by the crusher to pieces of size up to 5 cm, then the crushed material and 150 kg of feldspar granite were placed in a hermetically sealed crusher and then subjected to grinding in a ball mill until the grain size of received powder was of about 100 microns. Obtained mixture was poured into the flat tin forms, creating in them the powder layer with thickness of about 10 cm, which then was placed in a tunnel kiln. The mixture was kept in the kiln for 25 minutes at 1400 °C.
The process of recrystallization executed in this temperature resulted in that the asbestos fibers completely disappeared and were converted into calcium silicate resembling brown sand. The resulting loose material was then transferred into metal containers where was cooled in ambient temperature. After cooling, secure final product, free from asbestos fibers may be used in many ways.
Example 2
1000 kg of eternit pipes were broken up initially by the crusher to pieces of size up to 5 cm, then the crushed material and 350 kg of milled raw material taken from the coal dump containing up to 15 wt% of coal and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others, were placed in hermetically sealed crusher and then subjected to grinding in a ball mill until the grain size of received powder was of about 100 microns. The resulting mixture was poured continuously into the rotary kiln, where the mixture was heated for 30 minutes in a temperature of 1400 °C.
The process of recrystallization resulted in complete convertion of asbestos fibers into harmless calcium silicate resembling brown sand. The resulting loose material was then transferred into metal containers where it was cooled in ambient temperature. After cooling, secure final product, free from asbestos fibers may be used in many ways.
Example 3
1000 kg of eternit panels were broken up initially in the crusher to pieces of size up to 5 cm, then the crushed material and 200 kg of milled raw material from the coal dump, containing up to 15 wt% of coal and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium
feldspar, and others, were placed in hermetically closed crusher and then subjected to grinding in a ball mill until the grain size of received powder was of about 100 microns. The resulting mixture was poured continuously into the rotary kiln with added 100 kg of containing phosphorus, hazardous bone waste from slaughterhouse. A mixture of all components were kept in the kiln for 35 minutes in a temperature of 1350 °C. The ash, which was created after combustion at high temperature of hazardous waste containing phosphorus from the bones, during rotation of the kiln was mixed with powdered eternit and milled material from the dump, and contributed to lowering the temperature of destruction of the asbestos fibers.
As a result of proposed treatment of the material described above, the asbestos fibers have disappeared, converted to harmless silicates and phosphates resembling brown sand. After cooling, diverse use of secure, free from asbestos fibers final product is possible.
Claims
1. A method of utilization of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, in particular of asbestos-cement products like panels, plates and pipes, comprising the stages of shredding and thermal treatment, characterized in that initially shredded asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, and the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are subjected to a process of grinding until the grain sizes in the mixture fall within the range from 10 microns to 500 microns, then obtained loose material is introduced into the tunnel or rotary kiln and subjected to a temperature gradually in the range from 1000 °C to 1500 °C, for 15 to 45 minutes, and in case of use of the tunnel kiln the loose material is batched to at least one flat container in a layer of real thickness not bigger than 20 cm, then the container/containers so filled up with a layer of bulk material is placed in a tunnel kiln, while in case of use of the rotary kiln the loose material of any thickness is introduced directly into the rotary kiln.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are the materials from the coal dump, taken in a range from 10 to 50 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, while the materials from the coal dump contain from 3 to 15 wt% of coal and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others.
3. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are the feldspar fluxes, in an amount exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the granites, which contain potassium feldspar, are taken as the feldspar fluxes.
5. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are the phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin, especially bones-containing waste from hospitals or slaughterhouses, in an amount of up to 60 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
6. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are the phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin, especially bones-containing waste from hospitals or slaughterhouses, mixed with the debris from the coal dump, containing from 3 to 15 wt% coal, and grains of quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, and others, where the materials of the dump are added in an amount of from 10 to 50 wt% relative to the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, while the hazardous waste is added in an amount of up to 20% compared to the mixture of materials from the coal dump and asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
7. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the supplementary materials that decrease the melting temperature of the mixture are the feldspar fluxes, in an amount exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos, mixed with the phosphorus-containing hazardous waste of animal or human origin, especially bones-containing waste from hospitals or slaughterhouses, in an amount exceeding 5 wt% relative to the amount of the basic component in the form of asbestos and/or products containing asbestos.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLP.398013 | 2012-02-06 | ||
| PL398013A PL215074B1 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2012-02-06 | Method for utilization of asbestos an/or asbestos containing products |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013055242A2 true WO2013055242A2 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| WO2013055242A3 WO2013055242A3 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
| WO2013055242A4 WO2013055242A4 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/PL2012/000060 WO2013055242A2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2012-07-30 | Method of utilization of asbestos and/or asbestos-containing products |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL215074B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013055242A2 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL197566A1 (en) | 1977-04-21 | 1978-02-27 | Gorniczo Hutniczy Miedzi | SYSTEM FOR THE CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF THE GRAIN LEVEL OF MATERIAL, STORED IN A TANK OR ON A BANK |
| PL201476A1 (en) | 1977-10-11 | 1979-05-07 | Akad Medyczna | MIXTURES FOR CLEANING PRECISION MECHANISMS, ESPECIALLY NOZZLES FOR HIGH PRESSURE ENGINES |
| PL209165A1 (en) | 1978-08-22 | 1980-03-24 | Mezoegaz Gepgyar Szolgalt Vall | |
| PL359958A1 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-11-15 | Bronisław Trefler | Method for waste-free utilization of asbestos and asbestos containing products |
| PL188640B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2005-03-31 | Przed Prod Handlowe Utex Sp Z | Method of utilising asbestos and cement containing wastes |
| PL369748A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-06 | Maciej Pawlikowski | Method for the management of asbestos or the products containing asbestos |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4330551A1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-03-16 | Werner Prof Dr Rammensee | Process for the environmentally tolerable disposal of mineral fibres and substances containing mineral fibres and their conversion into materials of value |
| IT1274417B (en) * | 1995-05-03 | 1997-07-17 | Enel Spa | PROCEDURE FOR GLAZING COMPOSITE MATERIALS CONTAINING ASBESTOS |
| ITRE20080057A1 (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2009-12-26 | Michele Carnevali | '' PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING OF ARTICLES ARISING FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE '' |
| FR2951968B1 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2012-01-06 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | CONVERSION OF CEMENT ASBESTOS INTO A SOLID MATERIAL BASED ON AMORPHOUS SILICA |
-
2012
- 2012-02-06 PL PL398013A patent/PL215074B1/en unknown
- 2012-07-30 WO PCT/PL2012/000060 patent/WO2013055242A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL197566A1 (en) | 1977-04-21 | 1978-02-27 | Gorniczo Hutniczy Miedzi | SYSTEM FOR THE CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF THE GRAIN LEVEL OF MATERIAL, STORED IN A TANK OR ON A BANK |
| PL201476A1 (en) | 1977-10-11 | 1979-05-07 | Akad Medyczna | MIXTURES FOR CLEANING PRECISION MECHANISMS, ESPECIALLY NOZZLES FOR HIGH PRESSURE ENGINES |
| PL209165A1 (en) | 1978-08-22 | 1980-03-24 | Mezoegaz Gepgyar Szolgalt Vall | |
| PL188640B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2005-03-31 | Przed Prod Handlowe Utex Sp Z | Method of utilising asbestos and cement containing wastes |
| PL359958A1 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-11-15 | Bronisław Trefler | Method for waste-free utilization of asbestos and asbestos containing products |
| PL369748A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-06 | Maciej Pawlikowski | Method for the management of asbestos or the products containing asbestos |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| C. LEONELLI; P. VERONESI; D.N. BOCCACCINI; M.R. RIVASI; L. BARBIERI; F. ANDREOLA; I. LANCELLOTTI; D. RABITTI; G.C. PELLACANI: "Microwave thermal inertisation of asbestos-containing waste and its recycling in traditional ceramics", JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, vol. 135, no. 1-3, 31 July 2006 (2006-07-31), pages 149 - 155 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013055242A4 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
| PL215074B1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
| WO2013055242A3 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
| PL398013A1 (en) | 2012-08-13 |
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