WO2013052527A1 - Examen de soudure par thermographie non destructive - Google Patents

Examen de soudure par thermographie non destructive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013052527A1
WO2013052527A1 PCT/US2012/058526 US2012058526W WO2013052527A1 WO 2013052527 A1 WO2013052527 A1 WO 2013052527A1 US 2012058526 W US2012058526 W US 2012058526W WO 2013052527 A1 WO2013052527 A1 WO 2013052527A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weld
heat energy
weldment
source
quality
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2012/058526
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English (en)
Inventor
Jeong NA
Sean Gleeson
Original Assignee
Edison Welding Institute, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Edison Welding Institute, Inc. filed Critical Edison Welding Institute, Inc.
Publication of WO2013052527A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013052527A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/72—Investigating presence of flaws

Definitions

  • the described invention relates in general to weld inspection systems and methodologies and more specifically to a non-destructive system for characterizing weld quality, wherein heat energy is used to induce a measurable temperature change in redefined areas of a weldment, and wherein temperature data gathered from the heated areas of the weldment is used to characterize weld quality.
  • Non-destructive testing includes wide group of analytical techniques used in science and industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component, or system without causing damage to the article being tested.
  • the terms Nondestructive Examination (NDE), Nondestructive Inspection (NDI), and Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) are also commonly used to describe technologies of this nature. Because NDT does not permanently alter the article being inspected, it is a highly-valuable technique that can save both money and time in product evaluation, troubleshooting, and research.
  • welds are commonly used to join two or more metal surfaces to one another. Because these connections often encounter loads and experience fatigue during product lifetime, the welds may fail if not created properly.
  • the base metal must reach a certain temperature during the welding process, must cool at a specific rate, and must be welded with compatible materials or the joint may not be strong enough to hold the surfaces together, or cracks may form in the weld causing it to fail.
  • a first non-destructive system for characterizing welds includes at least one weldment, wherein the weldment further includes at least two components joined together by at least one weld; at least one source of heat energy directed toward one side of the weldment, wherein the at least one source of heat energy is operative to direct a predetermined amount of heat energy through the first component toward one side of the weld, through the weld and the area surrounding the weld, and through the second component to the opposite side of the weldment, and wherein the heat energy is sufficient to induce a temperature change in the weld and the area surrounding the weld; and temperature measuring device directed toward the opposite side of the weldment for gathering temperature data from heat passing through the second component away from the weld and the area surrounding the weld, wherein the gathered temperature data is indicative of weld quality.
  • a second nondestructive system for characterizing welds includes at least one weldment, wherein the weldment further includes at least two components joined together by at least one weld; at least one source of heat energy directed toward one side of the weldment, wherein the at least one source of heat energy is operative to direct a predetermined amount of heat energy through the first component toward one side of the weld, through the weld and the area surrounding the weld, and through the second component to the opposite side of the weldment, and wherein the heat energy is sufficient to induce a temperature change in the weld and the area surrounding the weld; a temperature measuring device directed toward the opposite side of the weldment for gathering temperature data from heat passing through the second component away from the weld and the area surrounding the weld, wherein the gathered temperature data is indicative of weld quality; and a data processor in communication with the temperature measuring device for correlating the temperature
  • a third non-destructive system and method for characterizing welds includes at least one weldment, wherein the weldment further includes at least two components joined together by at least one weld, and wherein the at least two components further include metal plates; at least one source of heat energy directed toward one side of the weldment, wherein the at least one source of heat energy is a high power, air-coupled heat generating device, wherein the high power, air-coupled heat generating device is operative to direct a predetermined amount of heat energy through the first component toward one side of the weld, through the weld and the area surrounding the weld, and through the second component to the opposite side of the weldment, and wherein the heat energy is sufficient to induce a temperature change in the weld and the area surrounding the weld; a temperature measuring device directed toward the opposite side of the weldment for gathering temperature data from heat passing through the second component away from the wel
  • FIG.l is a schematic illustration of a good weld condition, wherein the weld conducts heat better through the weld nugget and the surrounding area tightly in contact;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a poor weld condition, wherein heat is transferred less effectively through the smaller nugget and the surrounding interface that is loosely in contact;
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating heat conductibility data for three welded specimens having three different mechanical pull strengths showing different heating rates and peak temperatures when the welded area is exposed to a heat source for a short period of time.
  • the present invention relates generally to NDE inspection techniques and more specifically to an inspection methodology for making a quantitative assessment of different types of solid state, laser, ultrasonic, fillet and other types of weld joints where nondestructive weld condition characterization is preferred over destructive testing methods.
  • welds of this nature rely on a destructive test and sample statistics to qualify a product.
  • the present invention provides a NDE method that eliminates the short falls and limitations of sample based statistics by inspecting all welds while eliminating destructive testing.
  • the non-contact thermographic method of this invention is fast and can easily be automated as a real time inspection system in a production environment.
  • a weld inspection system includes a high power, air-coupled heat generating device and a temperature measuring device that tracks the changes in the thermal variations of a welded part.
  • inspection system 10 includes a heat energy source 12 such as an ultrasonic horn or pulse laser that directs ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves 14 through a first part or component 16 that has been joined to a second part or component 18 by at least one weld 20.
  • a good weld such as that shown in FIG.
  • a weld with intermediate mechanical pull strength gives a heating rate and peak temperature somewhere between good and bad weld conditions.
  • the differences among the three weld conditions used for this illustration are the differences in the mechanical pull strength for each case.
  • the pull strength of the good weld for example, is estimated to exceed more than 80 pounds, 40 to 60 pounds for the medium weld, and less than 20 pounds for the poor weld.
  • the amount of heat conductibility through the weld and the surrounding area around the weld depends on the input energy induced by a heat source (e.g., an air-coupled high power ultrasonic device).
  • the input energy can be controlled by the duration of activation time, the output power of the source, the distance between the source device and the article, or the combination of all three factors.
  • a predetermined amount of energy is used so that the article being assessed is not over or under exposed to heat. When too much energy is used, the heat passes through the weld and the surrounding area quickly saturates the entire volume and the temperature difference between a good weld and a bad weld becomes small.
  • the surface area that the temperature measuring device covers is another important parameter with regard to obtaining useful temperature data.
  • the area over which the average temperature reading is made should be large enough to cover the weld and the surrounding area. Too large area may diminish the effect of temperature conductibility caused by the weld and surrounding area, while too small area may reduce the contribution from the surrounding area.
  • Advantages of the present invention include: (i) real time inspection of various types of welds on solid plates; (ii) high speed non-contact inspection for 100% parts inspection; and (iii) elimination of destructive testing and sampling methods.
  • Potential users of this invention include battery manufacturers and other industries using welded solid plates as quality critical parts or components in the final products (e.g., resistance spot welds on the connector tabs of solar panels).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système non destructif destiné à caractériser des soudures comprenant au moins un ensemble soudé comprenant en outre au moins deux composants liés ensemble par une soudure; au moins une source d'énergie thermique dirigée vers un côté de l'ensemble soudé, la source d'énergie thermique étant destinée à diriger une quantité prédéterminée d'énergie thermique à travers le premier composant vers un côté de la soudure, à travers la soudure et la zone entourant la soudure, et à travers le second composant vers le côté opposé de l'ensemble soudé, et l'énergie thermique étant suffisante pour induire un changement de température dans la soudure et la zone entourant la soudure; et un dispositif de mesure de la température dirigé vers le côté opposé de l'ensemble soudé pour collecter les données de température de la chaleur passant à travers le second composant et s'éloignant de la soudure et de la zone entourant la soudure, les données de température collectées donnant une indication sur la qualité de la soudure.
PCT/US2012/058526 2011-10-04 2012-10-03 Examen de soudure par thermographie non destructive WO2013052527A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161542942P 2011-10-04 2011-10-04
US61/542,942 2011-10-04

Publications (1)

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WO2013052527A1 true WO2013052527A1 (fr) 2013-04-11

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017527813A (ja) * 2014-09-10 2017-09-21 フラウンホーファー−ゲゼルシャフト・ツール・フェルデルング・デル・アンゲヴァンテン・フォルシュング・アインゲトラーゲネル・フェライン サーモグラフィー検査手段および被試験体の表面近傍構造の非破壊検査方法
WO2019045871A1 (fr) * 2017-08-28 2019-03-07 Siemens Energy, Inc. Inspection par thermographie ultrasonore à laser

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144766A (en) * 1977-05-02 1979-03-20 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Apparatus for the in-situ detection and location of flaws in welds
US5374809A (en) * 1993-05-12 1994-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Induction heating coupler and annealer
US5709724A (en) * 1994-08-04 1998-01-20 Coors Ceramics Company Process for fabricating a hermetic glass-to-metal seal
US20080291465A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-11-27 Peter Wiliiam Lorraine Non-destructive inspection using laser-ultrasound and infrared thermography
US20100123080A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Process and system for the nondestructive quality determination of a weld seam, and a welding device
US20100319456A1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-23 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Methods and systems for detecting defects in welded structures

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144766A (en) * 1977-05-02 1979-03-20 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Apparatus for the in-situ detection and location of flaws in welds
US5374809A (en) * 1993-05-12 1994-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Induction heating coupler and annealer
US5709724A (en) * 1994-08-04 1998-01-20 Coors Ceramics Company Process for fabricating a hermetic glass-to-metal seal
US20080291465A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-11-27 Peter Wiliiam Lorraine Non-destructive inspection using laser-ultrasound and infrared thermography
US20100123080A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Process and system for the nondestructive quality determination of a weld seam, and a welding device
US20100319456A1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-23 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Methods and systems for detecting defects in welded structures

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017527813A (ja) * 2014-09-10 2017-09-21 フラウンホーファー−ゲゼルシャフト・ツール・フェルデルング・デル・アンゲヴァンテン・フォルシュング・アインゲトラーゲネル・フェライン サーモグラフィー検査手段および被試験体の表面近傍構造の非破壊検査方法
US11226301B2 (en) 2014-09-10 2022-01-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Thermographic examination means and method for non-destructive examination of a near-surface structure at a test object
WO2019045871A1 (fr) * 2017-08-28 2019-03-07 Siemens Energy, Inc. Inspection par thermographie ultrasonore à laser

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